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Li Y, Chen Y, Wu W, Li N, Hua J. MMPs, ADAMs and ADAMTSs are associated with mammalian sperm fate. Theriogenology 2023; 200:147-154. [PMID: 36842259 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases include matrix metalloproteinases and disintegrin metalloproteinases. They are important members of the ECM degradation and reconstruction process and are associated with tissue development and disease. The ECM is a three-dimensional network of large molecules consisting of a variety of proteins. It is a physical scaffold for organs, and all types of cells can be found within the ECM. The testicle, where sperm are produced, is an organ that is constantly in dynamic flux. Metalloproteinases can regulate testicular tissue development and the maturation of sperm by affecting the ECM. Metalloproteinase disorders can lead to cryptorchidism, azoospermia, poor semen quality and other diseases. As a member of the metalloproteinase family, ADAMTS plays an important role in testicular slippage to the scrotum. ADAM is involved in the fertilization process, and excessive MMP can damage the BTB. In the testis, metalloproteinase stability represents the stability of the extracellular microenvironment in which germ cells are located and is associated with reproductive function. Metalloproteinases have a definite relationship with male reproduction, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This paper summarizes the literature on various metalloproteinases in testicular tissue physiology and pathology to elucidate their role in reproductive function and male reproductive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuguang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenping Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Vitamin D3 Prevents the Deleterious Effects of Testicular Torsion on Testis by Targeting miRNA-145 and ADAM17: In Silico and In Vivo Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121222. [PMID: 34959623 PMCID: PMC8703569 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is the most common urological emergency in children and young adults that can lead to infertility in many cases. The ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury due to TT has been implicated in the pathogenesis of testicular damage. The main pathological mechanisms of contralateral injury after ipsilateral TT are not fully understood. In the presented study, we investigated the molecular and microscopic basis of ipsilateral and contralateral testicular injury following ipsilateral testicular torsion detorsion (T/D) and explored the possible protective role of vitamin D3. The biochemical analysis indicated that IR injury following T/D significantly decreased the activity of testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme, level of serum testosterone, serum inhibin B, and expression of testicular miRNA145, while increased the activity of testicular myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme, level of testicular malondialdehyde (MDA), level of serum antisperm-antibody (AsAb), and expression of ADAM-17. The histological and semen analysis revealed that torsion of the testis caused damages on different tissues in testis. Interestingly, administration of vitamin D3 prior to the IR injury reversed the deterioration effect of IR injury on the testicular tissues as indicated by biochemical and histological analysis which revealed normal appearance of the seminiferous tubules with an apparent decrease in collagen fiber deposition in both ipsilateral and contralateral testes. Our results revealed that the protective effect of vitamin D3 treatment could be attributed to target miRNA145 and ADAM17 protein. To further investigate these findings, we performed a detailed molecular modelling study in order to explore the binding affinity of vitamin D3 toward ADAM17 protein. Our results revealed that vitamin D3 has the ability to bind to the active site of ADAM17 protein via a set of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions with high docking score. In conclusion, this study highlights the protective pharmacological application of vitamin D3 to ameliorate the damages of testicular T/D on the testicular tissues via targeting miRNA145 and ADAM17 protein.
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Saad MI, McLeod L, Hodges C, Vlahos R, Rose-John S, Ruwanpura S, Jenkins BJ. ADAM17 Deficiency Protects against Pulmonary Emphysema. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:183-195. [PMID: 33181031 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0214oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is the major debilitating component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The ADAM17 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) protease mediates inflammation via ectodomain shedding of numerous proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptors, and adhesion molecules; however, its role in the pathogenesis of emphysema and COPD is poorly understood. This study aims to define the role of the protease ADAM17 in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. ADAM17 protein expression and activation was investigated in lung biopsies from patients with emphysema, as well as lungs of the emphysematous gp130F/F mouse model and an acute (4 d) cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung pathology model. The Adam17ex/ex mice, which display significantly reduced global ADAM17 expression, were coupled with emphysema-prone gp130F/F mice to produce gp130F/F:Adam17ex/ex. Both Adam17ex/ex and wild-type mice were subjected to acute CS exposure. Histological, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, and molecular analyses as well as lung function tests were performed to assess pulmonary emphysema, inflammation, and alveolar cell apoptosis. ADAM17 was hyperphosphorylated in the lungs of patients with emphysema and also in emphysematous gp130F/F and CS-exposed mice. ADAM17 deficiency ameliorated the development of pulmonary emphysema in gp130F/F mice by suppressing elevated alveolar cell apoptosis. In addition, genetic blockade of ADAM17 protected mice from CS-induced pulmonary inflammation and alveolar cell apoptosis. Our study places the protease ADAM17 as a central molecular switch implicated in the development of pulmonary emphysema, which paves the way for using ADAM17 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents to treat COPD and emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise McLeod
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Hodges
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Saleela Ruwanpura
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Ginkgo Biloba Ameliorates Subfertility Induced by Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Adult Wistar Rats: A Possible New Mitochondrial Mechanism. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6959274. [PMID: 28101298 PMCID: PMC5215564 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6959274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Testicular torsion, a surgical emergency, could affect the endocrine and exocrine testicular functions. This study demonstrates histopathological and physiological effects of testicular ischemia/perfusion (I/R) injury and the possible protective effects of Ginkgo biloba treatment. Fifty adult male Wistar rats, 180–200 gm, were randomly divided into sham-operated, Gingko biloba supplemented, ischemia only, I/R, and Gingko biloba treated I/R groups. Overnight fasted rats were anaesthetized by Pentobarbital; I/R was performed by left testis 720° rotation in I/R and treated I/R groups. Orchiectomy was performed for histopathological studies and detection of mitochondrial NAD+. Determination of free testosterone, FSH, TNF-α, and IL1-β in plasma was performed. Plasma-free testosterone was significantly decreased, while plasma FSH, TNF-α, IL-1β, and testicular mitochondrial NAD+ were significantly increased in I/R group compared to control group. These parameters were reversed in Gingko biloba treated I/R group compared to I/R group. I/R caused marked testicular damage and increased APAF-1 in the apoptotic cells which were reversed by Ginkgo biloba treatment. It could be concluded that I/R caused subfertility induced by apoptosis and oxidative stress manifested by the elevated testicular mitochondrial NAD+, which is considered a new possible mechanism. Also, testicular injury could be reduced by Gingko biloba administration alone.
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Regulators in the apoptotic pathway during spermatogenesis: Killers or guards? Gene 2016; 582:97-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Li Q, Xie J, He L, Wang Y, Duan Z, Yang H, Wang Q. Identification of ADAM10 and ADAM17 with potential roles in the spermatogenesis of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Gene 2015; 562:117-27. [PMID: 25703701 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family plays an important role in sperm and egg fusion, development, inflammation, adhesion and migration. ADAM10 and ADAM17 are involved in the spermatogenesis. To better understand the role of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, the full-length cDNAs of ADAM10 and ADAM17 were cloned, and named Es-ADAM10 and Es-ADAM17, respectively. Sequence and structural analysis showed that Es-ADAM10 and Es-ADAM17 have the typical structure of the ADAM family. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that Es-ADAM10 and Es-ADAM17 mRNAs were distributed in the heart, hepatopancreas, intestines, brain, muscle, thoracic ganglia, hemolymph, stomach, testis, ovary, gill and accessory gland. Both mRNAs were highly expressed in the muscles, and relatively high in the testis, ovary and accessory gland. In addition, the Es-ADAM17 mRNA level was detected in every stage of testis development, being relatively high from July to September, the lowest during October and November, increasing from December to January, and reached a peak in January. By contrast, the expression of Es-ADAM10 mRNA was constant during testis development. Immunofluorescence further showed that Es-ADAM10 and Es-ADAM17 proteins were present in the cytoplasm and cytomembrane of spermatocytes, and both detected in the sperm. Furthermore, etoposide induced upregulation of Es-ADAM17 and Es-ADAM10 at both the mRNA and protein levels. This study first showed that Es-ADAM10 and Es-ADAM17 were also involved in the spermatogenesis and mainly participated in the later germ cell apoptosis in E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanli Wang
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zelin Duan
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongdan Yang
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense & Reproduction, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
In the mammalian testis, spermatogenesis is a highly coordinated process of germ cell development, which ends with the release of ‘mature’ spermatozoa. The fine regulation of spermatogenesis is strictly dependent on sex steroid hormones, which orchestrate the cellular and molecular events underlying normal development of germ cells. Sex steroids actions also rely on the control of germ cell survival, and the programmed cell death by apoptosis has been indicated as a critical process in regulating the size and quality of the germ line. Recently, oestrogens have emerged as important regulators of germ cell fate. However, the beneficial or detrimental effects of oestrogens in spermatogenesis are controversial, with independent reports arguing for their role as cell survival factors or as apoptosis-inducers. The dual behaviour of oestrogens, shifting from ‘angels to devils’ is supported by the clinical findings of increased oestrogens levels in serum and intratesticular milieu of idiopathic infertile men. This review aims to discuss the available information concerning the role of oestrogens in the control of germ cell death and summarises the signalling mechanisms driven oestrogen-induced apoptosis. The present data represent a valuable basis for the clinical management of hyperoestrogenism-related infertility and provide a rationale for the use of oestrogen-target therapies in male infertility.
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A mechanism of male germ cell apoptosis induced by bisphenol-A and nonylphenol involving ADAM17 and p38 MAPK activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113793. [PMID: 25474107 PMCID: PMC4256297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ cell apoptosis regulation is pivotal in order to maintain proper daily sperm production. Several reports have shown that endocrine disruptors such as Bisphenol-A (BPA) and Nonylphenol (NP) induce germ cell apoptosis along with a decrease in sperm production. Given their ubiquitous distribution in plastic products used by humans it is important to clarify their mechanism of action. TACE/ADAM17 is a widely distributed extracellular metalloprotease and participates in the physiological apoptosis of germ cells during spermatogenesis. The aims of this work were: 1) to determine whether BPA and NP induce ADAM17 activation; and 2) to study whether ADAM17 and/or ADAM10 are involved in germ cell apoptosis induced by BPA and NP in the pubertal rat testis. A single dose of BPA or NP (50 mg/kg) induces germ cell apoptosis in 21-day-old male rats, which was prevented by a pharmacological inhibitor of ADAM17, but not by an inhibitor of ADAM10. In vitro, we showed that BPA and NP, at similar concentrations to those found in human samples, induce the shedding of exogenous and endogenous (TNF-α) ADAM17 substrates in primary rat Sertoli cell cultures and TM4 cell line. In addition, pharmacological inhibitors of metalloproteases and genetic silencing of ADAM17 prevent the shedding induced in vitro by BPA and NP. Finally, we showed that in vivo BPA and NP induced early activation (phosphorylation) of p38 MAPK and translocation of ADAM17 to the cell surface. Interestingly, the inhibition of p38 MAPK prevents germ cell apoptosis and translocation of ADAM17 to the cell surface. These results show for the first time that xenoestrogens can induce activation of ADAM17 at concentrations similar to those found in human samples, suggesting a mechanism by which they could imbalance para/juxtacrine cell-to-cell-communication and induce germ cell apoptosis.
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Cardoso HJ, Figueira MI, Correia S, Vaz CV, Socorro S. The SCF/c-KIT system in the male: Survival strategies in fertility and cancer. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:1064-79. [PMID: 25359157 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the delicate balance between cell survival and death is of the utmost importance for the proper development of germ cells and subsequent fertility. On the other hand, the fine regulation of tissue homeostasis by mechanisms that control cell fate is a factor that can prevent carcinogenesis. c-KIT is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase activated by its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF). c-KIT signaling plays a crucial role in cell fate decisions, specifically controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Indeed, deregulating the SCF/c-KIT system by attenuation or overactivation of its signaling strength is linked to male infertility and cancer, and rebalancing its activity via c-KIT inhibitors has proven beneficial in treating human tumors that contain gain-of-function mutations or overexpress c-KIT. This review addresses the roles of SCF and c-KIT in the male reproductive tract, and discusses the potential application of c-KIT target therapies in disorders of the reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique J Cardoso
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Pérez CV, Theas MS, Jacobo PV, Jarazo-Dietrich S, Guazzone VA, Lustig L. Dual role of immune cells in the testis: Protective or pathogenic for germ cells? SPERMATOGENESIS 2014; 3:e23870. [PMID: 23687616 PMCID: PMC3644047 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.23870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to describe how the immune cells present in the testis interact with the germinal epithelium contributing to survival or apoptosis of germ cells (GCs). Physiologically, the immunosuppressor testicular microenvironment protects GCs from immune attack, whereas in inflammatory conditions, tolerance is disrupted and immune cells and their mediators respond to GC self antigens, inducing damage of the germinal epithelium. Considering that experimental models of autoimmune orchitis have clarified the local immune mechanisms by which protection of the testis is compromised, we described the following topics in the testis of normal and orchitic rats: (1) cell adhesion molecule expression of seminiferous tubule specialized junctions and modulation of blood-testis barrier permeability by cytokines (2) phenotypic and functional characteristics of testicular dendritic cells, macrophages, effector and regulatory T cells and mast cells and (3) effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and FasL) and the nitric oxide-nitric oxide synthase system on GC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia V Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; UBA/CONICET; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Urriola-Muñoz P, Lizama C, Lagos-Cabré R, Reyes JG, Moreno RD. Differential expression and localization of ADAM10 and ADAM17 during rat spermatogenesis suggest a role in germ cell differentiation. Biol Res 2014; 47:31. [PMID: 25053185 PMCID: PMC4101179 DOI: 10.1186/0717-6287-47-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular metolloproteases have been implied in different process such as cell death, differentiation and migration. Membrane-bound metalloproteases of the ADAM family shed the extracellular domain of many cytokines and receptor controlling auto and para/juxtacrine cell signaling in different tissues. ADAM17 and ADAM10 are two members of this family surface metalloproteases involved in germ cell apoptosis during the first wave of spermatogenesis in the rat, but they have other signaling functions in somatic tissues. Results In an attempt to further study these two enzymes, we describe the presence and localization in adult male rats. Results showed that both enzymes are detected in germ and Sertoli cells during all the stages of spermatogenesis. Interestingly their protein levels and cell surface localization in adult rats were stage-specific, suggesting activation of these enzymes at particular events of rat spermatogenesis. Conclusions Therefore, these results show that ADAM10 and ADAM17 protein levels and subcellular (cell surface) localization are regulated during rat spermatogenesis.
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Correia S, Alves MR, Cavaco JE, Oliveira PF, Socorro S. Estrogenic regulation of testicular expression of stem cell factor and c-kit: implications in germ cell survival and male fertility. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:299-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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ADAM17 mediates hypoxia-induced drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through activation of EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 380:57-66. [PMID: 23625205 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) is a member of the metalloproteinase superfamily and involved in the cleavage of ectodomain of many transmembrane proteins. ADAM17 is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors, which is associated with tumor development and progression. In the present study, we sought to investigate the expression and function of ADAM17 in hypoxia-treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of ADAM17 in HCC cell lines (Hep3B and HepG2 cells). Annexin V/PI double staining was performed to analyze the effects of ADAM17 on hypoxia-mediated cisplatin resistance. ADAM17 expression was upregulated by hypoxia treatment in HCC cells at both mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression of ADAM17 reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HCC cells, accompanies by less cleavage of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Forced expression of ADAM17 enhanced the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Akt without affecting the expression of total EGFR and Akt. Pretreatment with EGFR inhibitor AG1478 or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 rescued ADAM17-mediated cisplatin resistance of HCC cells. ADAM17 silencing attenuated hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance and enhanced the accumulation of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP. Western blot analysis showed that overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a transcription factor, upregulated the expression of ADAM17 and HIF-1α silencing downregulated the expression of ADAM17 in hypoxia-treated HCC cells, indicating the regulation of ADAM17 by HIF-1α. Taken together, our results indicated that ADAM17 is upregulated by hypoxia and contributes to hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance via EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway.
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The hypoxic testicle: physiology and pathophysiology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:929285. [PMID: 23056665 PMCID: PMC3465913 DOI: 10.1155/2012/929285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a complex biological process occurring in the seminiferous tubules in the testis. This process represents a delicate balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In most mammals, the testicles are kept in the scrotum 2 to 7°C below body core temperature, and the spermatogenic process proceeds with a blood and oxygen supply that is fairly independent of changes in other vascular beds in the body. Despite this apparently well-controlled local environment, pathologies such as varicocele or testicular torsion and environmental exposure to low oxygen (hypoxia) can result in changes in blood flow, nutrients, and oxygen supply along with an increased local temperature that may induce adverse effects on Leydig cell function and spermatogenesis. These conditions may lead to male subfertility or infertility. Our literature analyses and our own results suggest that conditions such as germ cell apoptosis and DNA damage are common features in hypoxia and varicocele and testicular torsion. Furthermore, oxidative damage seems to be present in these conditions during the initiation stages of germ cell damage and apoptosis. Other mechanisms like membrane-bound metalloproteinases and phospholipase A2 activation could also be part of the pathophysiological consequences of testicular hypoxia.
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Jacobo PV, Fass M, Pérez CV, Jarazo-Dietrich S, Lustig L, Theas MS. Involvement of soluble Fas Ligand in germ cell apoptosis in testis of rats undergoing autoimmune orchitis. Cytokine 2012; 60:385-92. [PMID: 22892327 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is a model of chronic inflammation and infertility useful for studying immune and germ cell (GC) interactions. EAO is characterized by severe damage of seminiferous tubules (STs) with GCs that undergo apoptosis and sloughing. Based on previous results showing that Fas-Fas Ligand (L) system is one of the main mediators of apoptosis in EAO, in the present work we studied the involvement of Fas and the soluble form of FasL (sFasL) in GC death induction. EAO was induced in rats by immunization with testis homogenate and adjuvants; control (C) rats were injected with adjuvants; a group of non-immunized normal (N) rats was also studied. Activation of Fas employing an anti-Fas antibody decreased viability (trypan blue exclusion test) and induced apoptosis (TUNEL) of GCs from STs of N and EAO rats, an effect more pronounced on GCs from EAO STs. By Western blot we detected an increase in sFasL content in the testicular fluid of rats with severe EAO compared to N and C rats. By intratesticular injection of FasL conjugated to Strep-Tag molecule (FasL-Strep, BioTAGnology) and its immunofluorescent localization, we demonstrated that sFasL is able to enter the adluminal compartment of the STs. Moreover, FasL-Strep induced GC apoptosis in testicular fragments of N rats. By flow cytometry, we detected an increase in the number of membrane FasL-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in testis during EAO development but no expression of FasL by macrophages. Our results demonstrate that sFasL is locally produced in the chronically inflamed testis and that this molecule is able to enter the adluminal compartment of STs and induce apoptosis of Fas-bearing GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Verónica Jacobo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Cheng X, Liang J, Teng Y, Fu J, Miao S, Zong S, Wang L. Nemo-like kinase promotes etoposide-induced apoptosis of male germ cell-derived GC-1 cells in vitro. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:1497-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Lizama C, Rojas-Benitez D, Antonelli M, Ludwig A, Moreno RD. Involvement of TACE/ADAM17 and ADAM10 in etoposide-induced apoptosis of germ cells in rat spermatogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:829-38. [PMID: 21503882 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Germ cell apoptosis is important to regulate sperm production in the mammalian testis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying apoptosis are still poorly understood. We have recently shown that in vitro, etoposide induces upregulation of TACE/ADAM17 and ADAM10, two membrane-bound extracellular metalloproteases. Here we show that in vivo these enzymes are involved in etoposide-, but not in heat shock-, induced apoptosis in rat spermatogenesis. Germ cell apoptosis induced by DNA damage was associated with an increase in protein levels and cell surface localization of TACE/ADAM17 and ADAM10. On the contrary, apoptosis of germ cells induced by heat stress, another cell death stimulus, did not change levels or localization of these proteins. Pharmacological in vivo inhibition of TACE/ADAM17 and ADAM10 prevents etoposide-induced germ cell apoptosis. Finally, Gleevec (STI571) a pharmacological inhibitor of p73, a master gene controlling apoptosis induced by etoposide, prevented the increase of TACE/ADAM17 levels. Our results strongly suggest that TACE/ADAM17 participates in in vivo apoptosis of male germ cells induced by DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lizama
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
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Merkwitz C, Lochhead P, Tsikolia N, Koch D, Sygnecka K, Sakurai M, Spanel-Borowski K, Ricken AM. Expression of KIT in the ovary, and the role of somatic precursor cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 46:131-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proghi.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Trad A, Hedemann N, Shomali M, Pawlak V, Grötzinger J, Lorenzen I. Development of sandwich ELISA for detection and quantification of human and murine a disintegrin and metalloproteinase17. J Immunol Methods 2011; 371:91-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Moreno RD, Urriola-Muñoz P, Lagos-Cabré R. The emerging role of matrix metalloproteases of the ADAM family in male germ cell apoptosis. SPERMATOGENESIS 2011; 1:195-208. [PMID: 22319668 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.1.3.17894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive germ cell apoptosis during mammalian spermatogenesis is a key process for controlling sperm output and to eliminate damaged or unwanted cells. An increase or decrease in the apoptosis rate has deleterious consequences and leads to low sperm production. Apoptosis in spermatogenesis has been widely studied, but the mechanism by which it is induced under physiological or pathological conditions has not been clarified. We have recently identified the metalloprotease ADAM17 (TACE) as a putative physiological inducer of germ cell apoptosis. The mechanisms involved in regulating the shedding of the ADAM17 extracellular domain are still far from being understood, although they are important in order to understand cell-cell communications. Here, we review the available data regarding apoptosis during mammalian spermatogenesis and the localization of ADAM proteins in the male reproductive tract. We propose an integrative working model where ADAM17, p38 MAPK, protein kinase C (PKC) and the tyrosine kinase c-Abl participate in the physiological signalling cascade inducing apoptosis in germ cells. In our model, we also propose a role for the Sertoli cell in regulating the Fas/FasL system in order to induce the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in germ cells. This working model could be applied to further understand constitutive apoptosis in spermatogenesis and in pathological conditions (e.g., varicocele) or following environmental toxicants exposure (e.g., genotoxicity or xenoestrogens).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D Moreno
- Departamento de Fisiología; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago, Chile
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