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Poh QH, Rai A, Pangestu M, Salamonsen LA, Greening DW. Rapid generation of functional nanovesicles from human trophectodermal cells for embryo attachment and outgrowth. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300056. [PMID: 37698557 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of embryo attachment and outgrowth critical for successful implantation. While EVs have garnered immense interest in their therapeutic potential in assisted reproductive technology by improving implantation success, their large-scale generation remains a major challenge. Here, we report a rapid and scalable production of nanovesicles (NVs) directly from human trophectoderm cells (hTSCs) via serial mechanical extrusion of cells; these NVs can be generated in approximately 6 h with a 20-fold higher yield than EVs isolated from culture medium of the same number of cells. NVs display similar biophysical traits (morphologically intact, spherical, 90-130 nm) to EVs, and are laden with hallmark players of implantation that include cell-matrix adhesion and extracellular matrix organisation proteins (ITGA2/V, ITGB1, MFGE8) and antioxidative regulators (PRDX1, SOD2). Functionally, NVs are readily taken up by low-receptive endometrial HEC1A cells and reprogram their proteome towards a receptive phenotype that support hTSC spheroid attachment. Moreover, a single dose treatment with NVs significantly enhanced adhesion and spreading of mouse embryo trophoblast on fibronectin matrix. Thus, we demonstrate the functional potential of NVs in enhancing embryo implantation and highlight their rapid and scalable generation, amenable to clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hui Poh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Molecular Proteomics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Molecular Proteomics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mulyoto Pangestu
- Education Program in Reproduction and Development (EPRD), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lois A Salamonsen
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Molecular Proteomics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Di X, Duan Z, Ma Y, Song X, Hao Y, Li G, Tan Z, Lou Y, Lin X. Jiawei Shoutai Pill promotes decidualization by regulating the SGK1/ENaC pathway in recurrent spontaneous abortion. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116939. [PMID: 37479068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiawei Shoutai Pill (JWSTW) is a traditional herbal formula for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Although JWSTW significantly improves the clinical symptoms of RSA patients, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF STUDY This study evaluated the expression and function of the serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1/epithelial sodium channel (SGK1/ENaC) pathway and decidualization level in RSA patients and mice. It also investigated the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of JWSTW. MATERIALS AND METHODS 30 early RSA patients and 30 normal pregnant women undergoing induced abortion during the same period were included in the study. Decidual tissues were collected, and HE staining, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression levels of SGK1, ENaC-a, estrogen Rreceptor β (ERβ), and progesterone receptor (PR) in patients' decidual tissues. Protein expression levels of prolactin receptor (PRLR) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) were also detected. A classical RSA mouse model was constructed, and the mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal, model, dydrogesterone (DQYT) (0.33 g/kg/d), and JWSTW (1.66 g/kg/d). The normal and model groups received the same volume of distilled water by gavage for 8 and 14 days after pregnancy. On the 14th day of pregnancy, the embryonic loss rate of each group, the number of offspring born to naturally delivered mice, and the protein or mRNA expression levels of key factors of the SGK1/ENaC pathway (SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, and PR), decidual proliferation marker (Ki67), mesenchymal-epithelial transition (E-cadherin and Vimentin), and decidualization markers (PRLR and IGFBP-1) in mouse decidual tissue on the eighth day of pregnancy were observed. RESULTS The decidual tissue structure of RSA patients was abnormal. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly reduced positive expression of SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, and PR proteins in the decidual tissue of RSA patients (P < 0.001). Western blot and RT-PCR analyses demonstrated significantly decreased protein and mRNA expression of SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, and PR in the decidual tissue of RSA patients (all P < 0.05). Additionally, protein expression of PRLR and IGFBP-1 was significantly reduced (both P < 0.001). The RSA mouse model exhibited a significant increase in embryo loss rate and decreased litter size (both P < 0.001). Treatment with DQYT and JWSTW rescued the embryo loss rate and litter size to varying extents (all P < 0.05). The protein or mRNA expression levels of SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, PR, Ki67, E-cadherin, vimentin, PRLR, and IGFBP-1 in RSA mice were improved to different degrees after treatment with DQYT and JWSTW (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal SGK1/ENaC signaling pathway regulation is closely associated with early endometrial damage in RSA patients. JWSTW promotes endometrial proliferation and mesenchymal-epithelial transition through the SGK1/ENaC signaling pathway, improving endometrial shedding. Consequently, JWSTW is a potential treatment for RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Di
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Zibo Duan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Yucong Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Xiaodan Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Yanzhi Hao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Guolei Li
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Zhanwang Tan
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Yingying Lou
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Xiaohua Lin
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
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Durán-Jara E, Del Campo M, Gutiérrez V, Wichmann I, Trigo C, Ezquer M, Lobos-González L. Lactadherin immunoblockade in small extracellular vesicles inhibits sEV-mediated increase of pro-metastatic capacities. Biol Res 2024; 57:1. [PMID: 38173019 PMCID: PMC10763369 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) can promote tumorigenic and metastatic capacities in less aggressive recipient cells mainly through the biomolecules in their cargo. However, despite recent advances, the specific molecules orchestrating these changes are not completely defined. Lactadherin is a secreted glycoprotein typically found in the milk fat globule membrane. Its overexpression has been associated with increased tumorigenesis and metastasis in breast cancer (BC) and other tumors. However, neither its presence in sEVs secreted by BC cells, nor its role in sEV-mediated intercellular communication have been described. The present study focused on the role of lactadherin-containing sEVs from metastatic MDA-MB-231 triple-negative BC (TNBC) cells (sEV-MDA231) in the promotion of pro-metastatic capacities in non-tumorigenic and non-metastatic recipient cells in vitro, as well as their pro-metastatic role in a murine model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. RESULTS We show that lactadherin is present in sEVs secreted by BC cells and it is higher in sEV-MDA231 compared with the other BC cell-secreted sEVs measured through ELISA. Incubation of non-metastatic recipient cells with sEV-MDA231 increases their migration and, to some extent, their tumoroid formation capacity but not their anchorage-independent growth. Remarkably, lactadherin blockade in sEV-MDA231 results in a significant decrease of those sEV-mediated changes in vitro. Similarly, intraperitoneally treatment of mice with MDA-MB-231 BC cells and sEV-MDA231 greatly increase the formation of malignant ascites and tumor micronodules, effects that were significantly inhibited when lactadherin was previously blocked in those sEV-MDA231. CONCLUSIONS As to our knowledge, our study provides the first evidence on the role of lactadherin in metastatic BC cell-secreted sEVs as promoter of: (i) metastatic capacities in less aggressive recipient cells, and ii) the formation of malignant ascites and metastatic tumor nodules. These results increase our understanding on the role of lactadherin in sEVs as promoter of metastatic capacities which can be used as a therapeutic option for BC and other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Durán-Jara
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Del Campo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Wichmann
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Trigo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Lobos-González
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Sciences and Innovation in Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Muhandiram S, Dissanayake K, Orro T, Godakumara K, Kodithuwakku S, Fazeli A. Secretory Proteomic Responses of Endometrial Epithelial Cells to Trophoblast-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11924. [PMID: 37569298 PMCID: PMC10418763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Synchronized crosstalk between the embryo and endometrium during the periconception period is integral to pregnancy establishment. Increasing evidence suggests that the exchange of extracellular vesicles (EVs) of both embryonic and endometrial origin is a critical component of embryo-maternal communication during peri-implantation. Here, we investigated whether embryonic signals in the form of EVs can modulate the endometrial epithelial cell secretome. Receptive endometrial analog RL95-2 cells were supplemented with trophoblast analog JAr cell-derived EVs, and the secretory protein changes occurring in the RL95-2 cells were analyzed using mass spectrometry. EVs of non-trophoblastic origin (HEK 293 cells) were used as the control EV source to supplement endometrial cells. Trophoblast cell-derived EVs enriched endometrial epithelial cell secretions with proteins that support embryo development, attachment, or implantation, whereas control EVs were unable to induce the same effect. The present study suggests that embryonic signals in the form of EVs may prime receptive endometrial epithelial cells to enrich their secretory proteome with critical proteomic molecules with functional importance for periconception milieu formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Muhandiram
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (S.M.); (K.D.); (T.O.); (K.G.); (S.K.)
| | - Keerthie Dissanayake
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (S.M.); (K.D.); (T.O.); (K.G.); (S.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 14B, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Toomos Orro
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (S.M.); (K.D.); (T.O.); (K.G.); (S.K.)
| | - Kasun Godakumara
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (S.M.); (K.D.); (T.O.); (K.G.); (S.K.)
| | - Suranga Kodithuwakku
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (S.M.); (K.D.); (T.O.); (K.G.); (S.K.)
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Alireza Fazeli
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (S.M.); (K.D.); (T.O.); (K.G.); (S.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 14B, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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Elçi B, Yalçınkaya Z, Tekin E, Bakırcı Ş, Sayan CD, Kısa Ü, Kurdoğlu M, Özkan ZS, Sağsöz N. Could maternal serum MFG-E8 level predict adverse first trimester pregnancy outcome? A preliminary study. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:536-543. [PMID: 37476868 PMCID: PMC10388033 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is expressed in the endometrial epithelium and its expression increases during the implantation process. Due to this knowledge, we aimed to investigate the maternal serum MFG-E8 levels on both healthy pregnant women in the first trimester and pregnant women complicated with missed abortion and threatened abortion in the first trimester. METHODS This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital, department of obstetrics between July 2020 and February 2021 after ethical committee approval. The study population was consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women (HP) in the first trimester, 30 pregnant women suffering from threatened abortion (TA) in the first trimester and 30 pregnant women suffering from missed abortion (MA) in the first trimester. Maternal serum MFG-E8 levels were analyzed with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Delivery and neonatal outcomes of the study population was evaluated. The continuous variables were compared among three groups with variance analysis with post hoc tests. The categorical variables were compared with chi-square and Fisher's exact tests where applicable. RESULTS The mean age of the study population was 29.36 ± 5.31 years. There was no significant difference among three groups for parameters of age, body mass index, parity number, and gestational week. Despite being within normal ranges, the mean neutrophil and international normalized ratio values of the three groups showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The mean maternal serum MFG-E8 levels of MA, TA, and HP groups were 270 ± 152.3, 414.7 ± 236.7, and 474 ± 222.5 ng/mL, respectively (p = 0.001). It was found that mean of MFG-E8 of the MA group was statistically significantly lower than those of the other two groups (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Although maternal serum MFG-E8 level seems to be a parameter that differ between live and nonlive pregnancies, studies with large number of cases are needed to discuss our results and to determine a cut-off value for prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bircan Elçi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Yalçınkaya
- Department of Public Health, Afyonkarahisar State Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ercan Tekin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Bakırcı
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Cemile Dayangan Sayan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Üçler Kısa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Mertihan Kurdoğlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Zehra Sema Özkan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sağsöz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Unravelling the genetics of non-random fertilization associated with gametic incompatibility. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22314. [PMID: 36566278 PMCID: PMC9789956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dairy industry, mate allocation is dependent on the producer's breeding goals and the parents' breeding values. The probability of pregnancy differs among sire-dam combinations, and the compatibility of a pair may vary due to the combination of gametic haplotypes. Under the hypothesis that incomplete incompatibility would reduce the odds of fertilization, and complete incompatibility would lead to a non-fertilizing or lethal combination, deviation from Mendelian inheritance expectations would be observed for incompatible pairs. By adding an interaction to a transmission ratio distortion (TRD) model, which detects departure from the Mendelian expectations, genomic regions linked to gametic incompatibility can be identified. This study aimed to determine the genetic background of gametic incompatibility in Holstein cattle. A total of 283,817 genotyped Holstein trios were used in a TRD analysis, resulting in 422 significant regions, which contained 2075 positional genes further investigated for network, overrepresentation, and guilt-by-association analyses. The identified biological pathways were associated with immunology and cellular communication and a total of 16 functional candidate genes were identified. Further investigation of gametic incompatibility will provide opportunities to improve mate allocation for the dairy cattle industry.
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Lin N, Lin JZ. Identification of long non-coding RNA biomarkers and signature scoring, with competing endogenous RNA networks- targeted drug candidates for recurrent implantation failure. HUM FERTIL 2022; 25:983-992. [PMID: 34308739 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2021.1956693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) remains a source of frustration and presents challenges to clinicians in the practice of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognised as potential biomarkers in various diseases. In this study, eight differentially expressed lncRNAs (LINC00645, LINC00844, LINC02349, AC010975.1, AC022034.1, AC096719.1, AC104072.1 and DLGAP1-AS3) to distinguish RIF from fertile women were identified by RobustRankAggreg (RRA). A two-lncRNA signature for predicting RIF was established by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, with accuracy confirmed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. After lncRNA-microRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were established by Cytoscape 3.7.2, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed, suggesting that the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were associated with biological processes involved in endometrial receptivity. Finally, three putative drugs (miconazole, terfenadine and STOCK1N-35215) for RIF were predicted by a Connectivity Map. In conclusion, we identified eight lncRNA biomarkers and a two-lncRNA signature for predicting RIF, as well as proposing three candidate drugs against RIF by targeting the ceRNA networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan Lin
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jia-Zhe Lin
- Neurosurgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Oghbaei F, Zarezadeh R, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Ranjbar M, Nouri M, Fattahi A, Imakawa K. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition process during embryo implantation. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:1-17. [PMID: 35024964 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometrial epithelial and trophectoderm cells is essential for the progression of embryo implantation and its impairment could cause implantation failure. Therefore, EMT should be tightly regulated in both embryonic and endometrial cells during implantation. Studies reported the involvement of numerous factors in EMT regulation, including hormones, growth factors, transcription factors, microRNAs, aquaporins (AQPs), and ion channels. These factors act through different signaling pathways to affect the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers as well as the cellular cytoskeleton. Although the mechanisms involved in cancer cell EMT have been well studied, little is known about EMT during embryo implantation. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed different factors that regulate the EMT, a key event required for the conceptus implantation to the endometrium.Summary sentence: Abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process within endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) or trophoblast cells can cause implantation failure. This process is regulated by various factors. Thus, the objective of this review was to summarize the effective factors on the EMT process during implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Oghbaei
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Reza Zarezadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Minoo Ranjbar
- Department of Midwifery, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction, Research Institute of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan
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NR4A1 Affects Endometrial Receptivity by Participating in Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition of Endometrial Stromal Cells. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:133-142. [PMID: 34773204 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00792-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Decidualization is a substantive differentiation process experienced by endometrium to prepare for pregnancy. During this process, the endometrial stromal cells are transformed to endometrial epithelial cells. The receptivity of endometrium is necessary for the decidualization and successful implantation of endometrium, while the main hormones coordinating this process are estrogen and progesterone (P). In our study, the immunofluorescence, qPCR, and western blot experiments were conducted on different types of clinical endometrial tissue samples. The experimental results show that in the endometrium of normal subjects during the luteal phase, the protein level and serum P4 level of the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 messenger RNA were all significantly higher than those of patients with endometriosis or primary infertility, and the two levels presented positive correlation. Through decidualization induction of the human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) cultured in vitro and additional P treatment, the results of chromatin immunoprecipitation and other experiments show that the P treatment could upregulate the expression of NR4A1 in hESCs, and this process was mediated under the direct effect of progesterone receptor (PR) and NR4A1. When the NR4A1 in hESCs was silenced, the promotion of hESC proliferation by P was inhibited. P and overexpressed NR4A1 increased the expression of epithelial cell marker in decidual hESCs, and qPCR showed that NR4A1's response to P was earlier than that of the epithelial cell marker. The results of spheroid adhesion assay show that the silent NR4A1 had reduced the adhesion of decidual hESCs induced in vitro to embryo. To sum it up, NR4A1 participated in the decidualization process by responding to the P regulation via and by promoting the hESCs' mesenchymal-epithelial transition, so as to further influence the receptivity of endometrium.
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Cheng X, Zhang Y, Ma J, Wang S, Ma R, Ge X, Zhao W, Xue T, Chen L, Yao B. NLRP3 promotes endometrial receptivity by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition of the endometrial epithelium. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:gaab056. [PMID: 34524457 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial receptivity is crucial for successful embryo implantation. It is regulated by multiple factors which include ovarian steroid hormones and the immune microenvironment among others. Nod-Like Receptor Pyrins-3 (NLRP3) is a key intracellular pattern-recognition receptor and a critical component of the inflammasome, which plays an essential role in the development of inflammation and of immune responses. However, the physiological functions of NLRP3 in the endometrium remain largely unclear. This study investigated the physiological and pathological significance of NLRP3 in human endometrial epithelial cell during the implantation window. NLRP3 is highly expressed during the mid-proliferative and mid-secretory phases of the human endometrium and transcriptionally up-regulated by estradiol (E2) through estrogen receptor β (ERβ). In addition, NLRP3 promotes embryo implantation and enhances epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of Ishikawa (IK) cells via both inflammasome-dependent and inflammasome-independent pathways, which might provide a novel insight into endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. Our findings suggest that NLRP3, which is transcriptionally regulated by E2, induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition of endometrial epithelial cells and promotes embryo adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinzhao Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rujun Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xie Ge
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongmin Xue
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Qiu J, Sun M, Zang C, Jiang L, Qin Z, Sun Y, Liu M, Zhang W. Five genes involved in circular RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA network correlates with metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:9016-9032. [PMID: 34814333 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify potential circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA biomarkers as well as their underlying regulatory mechanisms in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Three microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database as well as expression data and clinical phenotype from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were downloaded, followed by differential expression, functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and module analyses. The support vector machine (SVM)-recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm was used to screen the key circRNAs. Finally, the mRNA-miRNA-circRNA regulatory network and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network were constructed. The prognostic value and clinical correlations of key mRNAs were investigated using TCGA dataset, and their expression was validated using the UALCAN database. A total of 1039 mRNAs, 18 miRNAs and 137 circRNAs were differentially expressed in patients with PTC. A total of 37 key circRNAs were obtained using the SVM-RFE algorithm, whereas 46 key mRNAs were obtained from significant modules in the PPI network. A total of 11 circRNA-miRNA pairs and 40 miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted. Based on these interaction pairs, 46 circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs were integrated, of which 8 regulatory pairs in line with the ceRNA hypothesis were obtained, including two circRNAs (circ_0004053 and circ_0028198), three miRNAs (miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p, and miR-7-5p), and five mRNAs, namely APOA2, CCL20, LPAR5, MFGE8, and TIMP1. Survival analysis showed that LPAR5 expression was associated with patient survival. APOA2 expression showed significant differences between metastatic and non-metastatic tumors, whereas CCL20, LPAR5, MFGE8 and TIMP1 showed significant differences between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes. Overall, we identified several potential targets and regulatory mechanisms involved in PTC. APOA2, CCL20, LPAR5, MFGE8, and TIMP1 may be correlated with PTC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Maolin Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chuanshan Zang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zuorong Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingbo Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Wenwei Zhang
- Radiology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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12
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Tkaczuk-Włach J, Kędzierski W, Jonik I, Sadok I, Filip A, Kankofer M, Polkowski W, Ziółkowski P, Gamian A, Staniszewska M. Immunomodulatory Factors in Primary Endometrial Cell Cultures Isolated from Cancer and Noncancerous Human Tissue-Focus on RAGE and IDO1. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051013. [PMID: 33922995 PMCID: PMC8145962 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune modulatory factors like indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) generating kynurenine (Kyn) and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) contribute to endometrial and cancer microenvironment. Using adequate experimental models is needed to learn about the significance of these molecular factors in endometrial biology. In this paper we study IDO1 activity and RAGE expression in the in vitro cultured primary human endometrial cells derived from cancerous and noncancerous tissue. Methods: The generated primary cell cultures from cancer and noncancerous endometrial tissues were characterized using immunofluorescence and Western Blot for expression of endometrial and cancer markers. IDO1 activity was studied by Kyn quantification with High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector. Results: The primary cultures of endometrial cells were obtained with 80% success rate and no major genetic aberrations. The cells retained in vitro expression of markers (mucin MUC1 and HER2) or immunomodulatory factors (RAGE and IDO1). Increased Kyn secretion was associated with cancer endometrial cell culture in contrast to the control one. Conclusions: Primary endometrial cells express immune modulatory factors RAGE and IDO1 in vitro associated with cancer phenotype of endometrium.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics
- Endometrial Neoplasms/immunology
- Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism
- Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology
- Endometrium/immunology
- Endometrium/metabolism
- Endometrium/pathology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunomodulation
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Kynurenine/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Tkaczuk-Włach
- Diagnostic Techniques Unit, Collegium Maximum, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4/6, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Witold Kędzierski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (W.K.); (I.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Ilona Jonik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (W.K.); (I.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Ilona Sadok
- Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agata Filip
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Marta Kankofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (W.K.); (I.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Wojciech Polkowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Staniszewska
- Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland;
- SDS Optic S.A., Centrum ECOTECH-COMPLEX, Block A, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-814-545-621
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13
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Wu J, Jin L, Zhang Y, Duan A, Liu J, Jiang Z, Huang L, Chen J, Liu Z, Lu D, Dai Y. LncRNA HOTAIR promotes endometrial fibrosis by activating TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:1337-1347. [PMID: 33313721 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is a long non-coding RNA associated with a number of fibrosis-related diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific role of HOTAIR in the development of endometrial fibrosis and to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying this process. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression levels of HOTAIR in samples of intrauterine adhesion (IUA) tissue and in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) that had been treated with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Additionally, we transfected ESCs with either overexpression plasmid (pcDNA-HOTAIR) or silencing construct (si-HOTAIR) and then treated these cells with TGF-β1. We then performed RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, along with cell proliferation and apoptosis assays, to investigate the effects of HOTAIR on the transdifferentiation of ESCs into myofibroblasts. The results showed that the expression levels of HOTAIR were significantly elevated in IUA tissue and in ESCs that had been treated with TGF-β1. The overexpression of HOTAIR had a pro-fibrotic effect on ESCs, while the silencing of HOTAIR exerted an anti-fibrotic effect. Most importantly, the protein expression levels of p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 were significantly upregulated in TGF-β1-treated ESCs transfected with pcDNA-HOTAIR and were downregulated after transfection with si-HOTAIR constructs. These data indicate that HOTAIR promotes endometrial fibrosis by activating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, suggesting that the inhibition of HOTAIR may represent a promising therapeutic option for suppressing endometrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Lingge Jin
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yudi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Aihong Duan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Juhong Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ziwen Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yinmei Dai
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
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14
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Latifi Z, Nejabati HR, Abroon S, Mihanfar A, Farzadi L, Hakimi P, Hajipour H, Nouri M, Fattahi A. Dual role of TGF-β in early pregnancy: clues from tumor progression. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1417-1430. [PMID: 30772900 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β signaling in the endometrium is active during the implantation period and has a pivotal role in regulating endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. During embryo implantation, both apoptosis and proliferation of endometrial cells happen at the same time and it seems TGF-β is the factor that controls both of these processes. As shown in cancer cells, in special conditions this cytokine can have a dual effect and switch the action from apoptosis to proliferation. Owing to the similarity between embryo implantation and cancer development and also unusual pattern of proliferation and remodeling in the uterus, in this review we suggest the existence of such a switching in endometrium during the early pregnancy. Moreover, we address some potential mechanisms that could regulate the switching. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating TGF-β action and signaling during the implantation period could pave the way for introducing novel therapeutic strategies in order to solve implantation-associated issues such as repeated implantation failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Latifi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Abroon
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aynaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Laya Farzadi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Hakimi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hajipour
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Owusu-Akyaw A, Krishnamoorthy K, Goldsmith LT, Morelli SS. The role of mesenchymal-epithelial transition in endometrial function. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 25:114-133. [PMID: 30407544 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human uterine endometrium undergoes significant remodeling and regeneration on a rapid and repeated basis, after parturition, menstruation, and in some cases, injury. The ability of the adult endometrium to undergo cyclic regeneration and differentiation/decidualization is essential for successful human reproduction. Multiple key physiologic functions of the endometrium require the cells of this tissue to transition between mesenchymal and epithelial phenotypes, processes known as mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although MET/EMT processes have been widely characterized in embryonic development and in the context of malignancy, mounting evidence demonstrates the importance of MET/EMT in allowing the endometrium the phenotypic and functional flexibility necessary for successful decidualization, regeneration/re-epithelialization and embryo implantation. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the observations concerning MET and EMT and their regulation in physiologic uterine functions, specifically in the context of endometrial regeneration, decidualization and embryo implantation. SEARCH METHODS Using variations of the search terms 'mesenchymal-epithelial transition', 'mesenchymal-epithelial transformation', 'epithelial-mesenchymal transition', 'epithelial-mesenchymal transformation', 'uterus', 'endometrial regeneration', 'endometrial decidualization', 'embryo implantation', a search of the published literature between 1970 and 2018 was conducted using the PubMed database. In addition, we searched the reference lists of all publications included in this review for additional relevant original studies. OUTCOMES Multiple studies demonstrate that endometrial stromal cells contribute to the regeneration of both the stromal and epithelial cell compartments of the uterus, implicating a role for MET in mechanisms responsible for endometrial regeneration and re-epithelialization. During decidualization, endometrial stromal cells undergo morphologic and functional changes consistent with MET in order to accommodate embryo implantation. Under the influence of estradiol, progesterone and multiple other factors, endometrial stromal fibroblasts acquire epithelioid characteristics, such as expanded cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum required for greater secretory capacity, rounded nuclei, increased expression of junctional proteins which allow for increased cell-cell communication, and a reorganized actin cytoskeleton. During embryo implantation, in response to both maternal and embryonic-derived signals, the maternal luminal epithelium as well as the decidualized stromal cells acquire the mesenchymal characteristics of increased migration/motility, thus undergoing EMT in order to accommodate the invading trophoblast. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Overall, the findings support important roles for MET/EMT in multiple endometrial functions required for successful reproduction. The endometrium may be considered a unique wound healing model, given its ability to repeatedly undergo repair without scarring or loss of function. Future studies to elucidate how MET/EMT mechanisms may contribute to scar-free endometrial repair will have considerable potential to advance studies of wound healing mechanisms in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amma Owusu-Akyaw
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Kavitha Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Laura T Goldsmith
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sara S Morelli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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16
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The role of uterine microbiome and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/acb-2019-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Reproductive period in woman is characterized by cyclic changes of endometrium and its regeneration. The factors important for proper function of the endometrium are anatomical structure, hormonal control and signalling pathways on molecular-genetic level. New knowledge on uterine microbiome, mutual epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of endometrial cells refine our conception of changes on cellular level, endometrial receptivity and possible causes of endometrial dysfunction. Substantial information on bacterial colonisation of endometrium were discovered by new diagnostic methods using analysis of ribosomal RNA in 16S subunit which are able to detect and exactly identify bacteria that are not detectable by classic cultivation methods. Endometrial microbiome prevents development of pathogenous microorganisms and modulates function of endometrial cells. It has been proven that stromal cells contribute to regeneration of not only the endometrial stroma, but also of the epithelium. Activity of ovarian steroids and other factors leads to EMT/MET, which ensures different functions of endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. The endometrial microbiome and mutual transition of stromal and epithelial endometrial cells are necessary for physiological functions of uterine mucosa including implantation and development of an embryo.
Running title: Microbiome and cells transition in endometrial function
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17
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Li CJ, Chu PY, Yiang GT, Wu MY. The Molecular Mechanism of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition for Breast Carcinogenesis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090476. [PMID: 31514467 PMCID: PMC6770718 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays multiple regulatory roles in the tumorigenesis and development of cancer. TGF-β can inhibit the growth and proliferation of epithelial cells and induce apoptosis, thereby playing a role in inhibiting breast cancer. Therefore, the loss of response in epithelial cells that leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation due to TGF-β is a landmark event in tumorigenesis. As tumors progress, TGF-β can promote tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. At present, the above-mentioned role of TGF-β is related to the interaction of multiple signaling pathways in the cell, which can attenuate or abolish the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis-promoting effects of TGF-β and enhance its promotion of tumor progression. This article focuses on the molecular mechanisms through which TGF-β interacts with multiple intracellular signaling pathways in tumor progression and the effects of these interactions on tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 510, Taiwan
| | - Giou-Teng Yiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
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18
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Cui D, Sui L, Han X, Zhang M, Guo Z, Chen W, Yu X, Sun Q, Dong M, Ma T, Kong Y. Aquaporin-3 mediates ovarian steroid hormone-induced motility of endometrial epithelial cells. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:2060-2073. [PMID: 30285121 PMCID: PMC6195804 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How does aquaporin-3 (AQP3) affect endometrial receptivity? SUMMARY ANSWER AQP3, which is regulated by the combination and estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4), induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of endometrial epithelial cells. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Embryo implantation is an extremely complex process, and endometrial receptivity is essential for successful embryo implantation. Estrogen and progesterone regulate endometrial receptivity. AQP3, which is regulated by estrogen (E2), increases cell migration and invasion ability by regulating the expression of EMT-related factors and influencing the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study investigated the pathophysiological significance of AQP3 in human endometrial function during different phases of the menstrual cycle. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS AQP3 expression levels during different phases of the menstrual cycle were measured using immunohistochemical assays. In cells of different receptivity (high-receptive RL95-2 cells and low-receptive HEC-1A cells), the expression of AQP3 was measured using western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence assays. Activities of AQP3, and its regulation by E2 and P4, were studied through in-vitro experiments using RL95-2 cells. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE AQP3 expression in the mid- and late-secretory phases of the human endometrium is significantly higher than in other phases. Since AQP3 expression levels were higher in RL95-2 cells than in HEC-1A cells, mechanisms of AQP3 regulation by E2 and P4 were studied using RL95-2 cells. We provided the first report that P4 up-regulates AQP3 by directly targeting the promoter of the AQP3 gene. The up-regulation of AQP3 expression by a combination of E2 and P4 is significantly higher than that caused by either E2 or P4 alone. Together E2 and P4 promote RL95-2 cell migration and invasion by inducing EMT through AQP3. We also found that AQP3 co-localizes with ezrin and affects the formation of filopodia and lamellipodia during the E2 and P4-induced EMT process but has no effect on the expression of ezrin and F-actin. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION It is still unclear whether AQP3 is a main regulator of endometrial receptivity or one of several factors influencing the process. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Further investigation on AQP3 may contribute to a greater understanding of endometrial receptivity. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the National Natural Scientific Grants of China (No. 31570798), the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (LR2017042), the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Liaoning province (201601236), and the Liaoning Provincial Program for Top Discipline of Basic Medical Sciences. There are no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cui
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Linlin Sui
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenzhen Guo
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Wanfang Chen
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Xinxin Yu
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn,college of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian , Liaoning, China
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Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Cell Biology of Molecular Regulation in Endometrial Carcinogenesis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8040439. [PMID: 30935077 PMCID: PMC6518354 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinogenesis is involved in several signaling pathways and it comprises multiple steps. The four major signaling pathways—PI3K/AKT, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, WNT/β-catenin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)—are involved in tumor cell metabolism, growth, proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis. The genetic mutation and germline mitochondrial DNA mutations also impair cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis signaling, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by several transcription factors, leading to endometrial carcinogenesis and distant metastasis. The PI3K/AKT pathway activates the ransforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it interacts with downstream signals to upregulate EMT-associated factors. Estrogen and progesterone signaling in EMT also play key roles in the prognosis of endometrial carcinogenesis. In this review article, we summarize the current clinical and basic research efforts regarding the detailed molecular regulation in endometrial carcinogenesis, especially in EMT, to provide novel targets for further anti-carcinogenesis treatment.
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