1
|
Shen W, Wei W, Wang S, Yang X, Wang R, Tian H. RNA-binding protein AZGP1 inhibits epithelial cell proliferation by regulating the genes of alternative splicing in COPD. Gene 2024; 927:148736. [PMID: 38950687 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates worldwide. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) might regulate genes involved in oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD patients. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers an accurate tool for identifying intercellular heterogeneity and the diversity of immune cells. However, the role of RBPs in the regulation of various cells, especially AT2 cells, remains elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS A scRNA-seq dataset (GSE173896) and a bulk RNA-seq dataset acquired from airway tissues (GSE124180) were employed for data mining. Next, RNA-seq analysis was performed in both COPD and control patients. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using criteria of fold change (FC ≥ 1.5 or ≤ 1.5) and P value ≤ 0.05. Lastly, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and alternative splicing identification analyses were carried out. RESULTS RBP genes exhibited specific expression patterns across different cell groups and participated in cell proliferation and mitochondrial dysfunction in AT2 cells. As an RBP, AZGP1 expression was upregulated in both the scRNA-seq and RNA-seq datasets. It might potentially be a candidate immune biomarker that regulates COPD progression by modulating AT2 cell proliferation and adhesion by regulating the expression of SAMD5, DNER, DPYSL3, GBP5, GBP3, and KCNJ2. Moreover, AZGP1 regulated alternative splicing events in COPD, particularly DDAH1 and SFRP1, holding significant implications in COPD. CONCLUSION RBP gene AZGP1 inhibits epithelial cell proliferation by regulating genes participating in alternative splicing in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shen
- General Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- General Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Shukun Wang
- General Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Xiaolei Yang
- General Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Ruili Wang
- General Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Hong Tian
- General Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krimsky W, Neal Ii RE, Kim V. Airway Mucosal Remodeling: Mechanism of Action and Preclinical Data of Pulsed Electric Fields for Chronic Bronchitis and Mucus Hypersecretion. Respiration 2023; 102:948-960. [PMID: 37906995 DOI: 10.1159/000534370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients living with chronic bronchitis (CB) suffer from physical limitations and poor quality of life. In general, treatment options that directly address the mucus hypersecretion component of CB are quite limited. Chronic airway inflammation and the associated hypersecretion and cough that are pathognomonic for CB generally result from long-term exposure to airway irritants such as tobacco use and other environmental insults. This, in turn, results in an increase in the quantity and change in composition of the airway mucosa as a consequence of altered goblet cells, club cells, and submucosal glands. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) provide a method for eradicating the cellular constituents of tissue with limited impact on the stromal proteins. Preclinical evidence in porcine airways demonstrated that particular PEF waveforms allowed for salutary remodeling of the epithelial and submucosal airway tissue layers and appeared to foster rapid regeneration and recovery of the tissue. Therefore, a therapeutic opportunity might exist whereby the application of a specific form of PEF may result in a reduction of the cellular secretory constituents of the airway while also reducing airway mucosal inflammation. This review discusses the use of such PEF to address the underlying disease processes in CB including challenges around device design, dosing, and appropriate delivery methods. Further, we outline considerations for the transition to human airways along with a brief examination of the initial work treating CB patients, suggesting that the therapy is well tolerated with limited adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Kim
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Young RP, Scott RJ. Should we be screening for COPD? - looking through the lens of lung cancer screening. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:753-771. [PMID: 37728077 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2259800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In May 2022, the US Preventive Services Task Force published their recommendation against screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in asymptomatic adults. However, we argue the routine use of spirometry in both asymptomatic and symptomatic high-risk smokers has utility. AREAS COVERED We provide published and unpublished observations from a secondary analyses of the American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN), arm of the National Lung Screening Trial, including 18,463 high-risk current or former smokers who underwent pre-bronchodilator spirometry at baseline. According to history alone, 20% reported a prior diagnosis of 'COPD,' although only 11% (about one half), actually had airflow limitation (Diagnosed COPD) and 9% had Global Initiative for Obstructive Pulmonary Disease GOLD 0 Pre-COPD. Of the remaining 80% of 'asymptomatic' screening participants, 23% had airflow limitation (Screen-detected COPD) and 13% had preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm). This means 45% of this high-risk cohort were reclassified by spirometry, and together with comorbid disease, identified subgroups where lung cancer screening efficacy could be optimized by between 2-6 fold. EXPERT OPINION Our preliminary findings suggest lung cancer screening outcomes vary according to 'new' COPD-related spirometric-defined subgroups and that screening spirometry, together with comorbid disease, identifies those for whom lung cancer screening is mostly beneficial or potentially harmful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Young
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Raewyn J Scott
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DeMarco B, MacRosty CR. Bronchoscopic Management of COPD and Advances in Therapy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041036. [PMID: 37109565 PMCID: PMC10147055 DOI: 10.3390/life13041036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent and morbid disease marked by irreversible structural changes in the lungs. Bronchoscopic therapies have significantly expanded the treatment armamentarium for patients with persistent symptoms by reducing the physiologic detriments of hyperinflation in a less invasive fashion than surgical lung volume reduction. The spectrum of bronchoscopic techniques to reduce hyperinflation includes endobronchial valves, coils, thermal ablation, and biologic sealants. Other therapies focus on reducing parasympathetic tone and mucus hypersecretion and include targeted lung denervation, bronchial rheoplasty, and cryospray techniques. In this article, we will review the variety of techniques for bronchoscopic lung volume reduction, both established and investigational, along with their respective benefits and complications and will briefly review other investigational therapies for COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin DeMarco
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Christina R MacRosty
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology and Pulmonary Oncology, Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao F, Zhang T, Zhang H, Dai Z, Gu Y, Lu M, Zhang Z, Zeng Q, Shang B, Gao S, Wang N, Xu B, Lei H. Explore bioactive ingredients and potential mechanism of Houpo Mahuang decoction for chronic bronchitis based on UHPLC-Q exactive orbitrap HRMS, network pharmacology, and experiment verification. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115924. [PMID: 36414217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic bronchitis (CB) affects a growing number of people and may be linked to lung function impairment. The traditional Chinese medicine formula Houpo Mahuang Decoction (HPMHD) has been used for clinical treatment of respiratory diseases for thousands of years. Until now, its bioactive ingredients, potential targets and molecular mechanism remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of HPMHD on the treatment of CB and explore the bioactive ingredients and possible mechanisms of HPMHD against CB. MATERIALS AND METHODS UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS was performed to analyze the chemical components of HPMHD. The mechanism of multiple components, targets and pathways of HPMHD in the treatment of chronic bronchitis were explored by network pharmacology. Additionally, CB mice model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and smoking was used to evaluate the anti-chronic bronchitis activity of HPMHD in vivo. Pulmonary pathology was determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) measurement. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in lung were measured by ELISA. The immunofluorescence experiments were carried out for the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and NF-κB p-P65/P65 in lung. Western blot assays were performed to quantify and visualize the protein expression of NF-κB p-P65/P65 in mice lung. RESULTS Data showed that 79 compounds were identified in HPMHD. The network pharmacology results showed 53 compounds were hinted their effectivity for the treatment of chronic bronchitis with HPMHD, such as ephedrine, schisantherin A, and honokiol. The main targets were predicted as 37 genes, including TNF, TP53, IL6 and so on. HPMHD ameliorated lung damages in mice and inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, one of the pathways plotted by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, by reducing IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 expression and significantly downregulating the NF-κB p-P65/P65. CONCLUSION In summary, the complex chemical components of HPHMD was successfully elucidate by UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. The study based on network pharmacology and experiment verification indicated that HPMHD can decreased inflammatory response in lung to treat CB. The underlying mechanism may be related to the reduction of inflammation by down-regulated the NF-κB pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Ziqi Dai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Yuhao Gu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Mingjun Lu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Zijie Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Bingxian Shang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Shan Gao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Aimin Pharmaceutical Group, Henan, 463500, China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China.
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma Z, Kourmatzis A, Milton-McGurk L, Chan HK, Farina D, Cheng S. Simulating the effect of individual upper airway anatomical features on drug deposition. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122219. [PMID: 36179925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to systematically isolate different anatomical features of the human pharynx with the goal to investigate their independent influence on airflow dynamics and particle deposition characteristics in a geometrically realistic human airway. Specifically, the effects of the uvula, epiglottis and soft palate on drug particle deposition are studied systematically, by carefully removing each of these anatomical features from reconstructed models based on MRI data and comparing them to a benchmark realistic airway model. Computational Fluid Dynamics using established turbulence models is employed to simulate the transport of mono-dispersed particles (3 µm) in the airway at two flow-rates. The simulations suggest three findings: 1) widening the space between the oral cavity and oropharynx and where the soft palate is situated leads to the most dramatic reduction in drug deposition in the upper airway; 2) exclusion of the uvula and epiglottis: a) affects flow dynamics in the airway; b) alters regional deposition behaviour; c) does not significantly affect the total number of particles deposited in the pharynx; and 3) the space adjacent to the soft palate is a key determinant for aerosol deposition in the extrathoracic region and is related to mechanisms of flow acceleration, diversion and recirculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Ma
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006
| | - Agisilaos Kourmatzis
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006
| | - Liam Milton-McGurk
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006
| | - Dino Farina
- Proveris Scientific Corporation, Hudson, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shaokoon Cheng
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Choi JY, Yoon HK, Lee SY, Kim JW, Choi HS, Kim YI, Jung KS, Yoo KH, Kim WJ, Rhee CK. Comparison of clinical characteristics between chronic bronchitis and non-chronic bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:69. [PMID: 35184738 PMCID: PMC8858532 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic bronchitis (CB) is associated with poor outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics that distinguish chronic bronchitis (CB) from non-CB. In addition, the features of mild CB versus severe CB were compared and a cut-off level was defined according to CAT1 and CAT2 scores.
Methods This study was based on the Korea COPD Subgroup Study (KOCOSS) database, constructed in a multicenter COPD cohort study that recruited patients from 54 centers. CB was defined as CAT1 and CAT2 scores ≥ 3; severe CB was defined as CAT1 and CAT2 scores ≥ 4, while mild CB was defined as either a CAT1 or a CAT2 score < 4. Baseline characteristics, 1-year exacerbation rate, and 3-year FEV1 decline were compared in non-CB versus CB patients and in patients with mild CB versus severe CB.
Results Among the 2162 patients enrolled in this study, 497 (23%) had CB. These patients were more likely than non-CB patients to be current smokers; they also had higher symptom and depression/anxiety scores. Lung function tests showed lower FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and DLco values in CB patients. Among CB patients, 67.6% had mild disease. Symptom and depression/anxiety scores were worse in patients with severe CB than in patients with mild CB. There were no significant differences in the lung function tests of the two groups. Analysis of 1-year exacerbation rates in CB patients and non-CB patients revealed that patients with CB more frequently had moderate-to-severe exacerbations (OR = 1.46, p < 0.01). More severe exacerbation was also present in patients with severe CB than in patients with mild CB (OR = 2.52, p = 0.01). The difference in annual FEV1 decline rate did not significantly differ either between CB patients and non-CB patients or between patients with severe CB and patients with mild CB. Conclusions CB patients had worse symptoms and lung function than non-CB patients; CB patients also had more frequent moderate-to-severe exacerbation. Patients with severe CB had higher symptom scores and more frequent severe exacerbation than did patients with mild CB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01854-x.
Collapse
|
8
|
Mpagama SG, Msaji KS, Kaswaga O, Zurba LJ, Mbelele PM, Allwood BW, Ngungwa BS, Kisonga RM, Lesosky M, Rylance J, Mortimer K. The burden and determinants of post-TB lung disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:846-853. [PMID: 34615582 PMCID: PMC8504494 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Post-TB lung disease (PTLD) is an important but under-recognised chronic respiratory disease in high TB burden settings such as Tanzania.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey of adults within 2 years of completion of TB treatment in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Data were collected using questionnaires (symptoms and exposures), spirometry and chest radiographs to assess outcome measures, which were correlated with daily life exposures, including environment and diet.RESULTS: Of the 219 participants enrolled (mean age: 45 years ± 10; 193 88% males), 98 (45%) reported chronic respiratory symptoms; 46 (22%) had received treatment for TB two or more times; and HIV prevalence was 35 (16%). Spirometric abnormalities were observed in 146 (67%). Chest X-ray abnormalities occurred in 177 (86%). A diagnosis of PTLD was made in 200 (91%), and half had clinically relevant PTLD. The prevalence of mMRC ≥Grade 3 chronic bronchitis and dyspnoea was respectively 11% and 26%. Older age, multiple episodes of TB and poverty indicators were linked with clinically relevant PTLD.CONCLUSIONS: We found a substantial burden of PTLD in adults who had recently completed TB treatment in Tanzania. There is a pressing need to identify effective approaches for both the prevention and management of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Mpagama
- Kibong´oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - K S Msaji
- Kibong´oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - O Kaswaga
- Kibong´oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - L J Zurba
- Education for Health Africa, Mount Edgecombe, Durban, South Africa
| | - P M Mbelele
- Kibong´oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science & Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - B W Allwood
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Stellenbosch University & Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - B-S Ngungwa
- Kibong´oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - R M Kisonga
- Kibong´oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - M Lesosky
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J Rylance
- Lung Health Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - K Mortimer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhatt SP, Bodduluri S, Kizhakke Puliyakote AS, Oelsner EC, Nakhmani A, Lynch DA, Wilson CG, Fortis S, Kim V. Structural airway imaging metrics are differentially associated with persistent chronic bronchitis. Thorax 2021; 76:343-349. [PMID: 33408194 PMCID: PMC8225550 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic bronchitis (CB) is strongly associated with cigarette smoking, but not all smokers develop CB. We aimed to evaluate whether measures of structural airway disease on CT are differentially associated with CB. METHODS In smokers between ages 45 and 80 years, and with Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease stages 0-4, CB was defined by the classic definition. Airway disease on CT was quantified by (i) wall area percent (WA%) of segmental airways; (ii) Pi10, the square root of the wall area of a hypothetical airway with 10 mm internal perimeter; (iii) total airway count (TAC) and (iv) airway fractal dimension (AFD), a measure of the complex branching pattern and remodelling of airways. CB was also assessed at the 5-year follow-up visit. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 8917 participants, 1734 (19.4%) had CB at baseline. Airway measures were significantly worse in those with CB compared with those without CB: WA% 54.5 (8.8) versus 49.8 (8.3); Pi10 2.58 (0.67) versus 2.28 (0.59) mm; TAC 156.7 (81.6) versus 177.8 (91.1); AFD 1.477 (0.091) versus 1.497 (0.092) (all p<0.001). On follow-up of 5517 participants at 5 years, 399 (7.2%) had persistent CB. With adjustment for between-visits changes in smoking status and lung function, greater WA% and Pi10 were associated with significantly associated with persistent CB, adjusted OR per SD change 1.75, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.97; p<0.001 and 1.66, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.86; p<0.001, respectively. Higher AFD and TAC were associated with significantly lower odds of persistent CB, adjusted OR per SD change 0.76, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.86; p<0.001 and 0.69, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.80; p<0.001, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher baseline AFD and TAC are associated with a lower risk of persistent CB, irrespective of changes in smoking status, suggesting preserved airway structure can confer a reserve against CB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surya P Bhatt
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- UAB Lung Imaging Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sandeep Bodduluri
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- UAB Lung Imaging Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Arie Nakhmani
- UAB Lung Imaging Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Electrical Engineering, University of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David A Lynch
- Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Carla G Wilson
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Spyridon Fortis
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupation Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Victor Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Stott-Miller M, Müllerová H, Miller B, Tabberer M, El Baou C, Keeley T, Martinez FJ, Han M, Dransfield M, Hansel NN, Cooper CB, Woodruff P, Ortega VE, Comellas AP, Paine Iii R, Kanner RE, Anderson W, Drummond MB, Kim V, Tal-Singer R, Lazaar AL. Defining Chronic Mucus Hypersecretion Using the CAT in the SPIROMICS Cohort. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:2467-2476. [PMID: 33116463 PMCID: PMC7568676 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s267002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic cough and phlegm are frequently reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms. Prior research classified chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) based on the presence of these symptoms for ≥3 months, called chronic bronchitis (CB) if respiratory infection symptoms were present for 1–2 years (Medical Research Council [MRC] definition). We explored whether the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), a simple measure developed for routine clinical use, captures CMH populations and outcomes similarly to MRC and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) definitions. Methods We identified CMH in the SPIROMICS COPD cohort using (a) MRC definitions, (b) SGRQ questions for cough and phlegm (both as most/several days a week), and (c) CAT cough and phlegm questions. We determined optimal cut-points for CAT items and described exacerbation frequencies for different CMH definitions. Moderate exacerbations required a new prescription for antibiotics/oral corticosteroids or emergency department visit; severe exacerbations required hospitalization. Results were stratified by smoking status. Results In a population of 1431 participants (57% male; mean FEV1% predicted 61%), 47% and 49% of evaluable participants had SGRQ- or CAT-defined CMH, respectively. A cut-point of ≥2 for cough and phlegm items defined CMH in CAT. Among SGRQ-CMH+ participants, 80% were also defined as CMH+ by the CAT. CMH+ participants were more likely to be current smokers. A higher exacerbation frequency was observed for presence of CMH+ versus CMH− in the year prior to baseline for all CMH definitions; this trend continued across 3 years of follow-up, regardless of smoking status. Conclusion Items from the CAT identified SGRQ-defined CMH, a frequent COPD trait that correlated with exacerbation frequency. The CAT is a short, simple questionnaire and a potentially valuable tool for telemedicine or real-world trials. CAT-based CMH is a novel approach for identifying clinically important characteristics in COPD that can be ascertained in these settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce Miller
- GSK R&D, Discovery Medicine, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Maggie Tabberer
- GSK R&D Patient-Centred Outcomes: Value, Evidence and Outcomes, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Tom Keeley
- GSK R&D Patient-Centred Outcomes: Value, Evidence and Outcomes, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Meilan Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mark Dransfield
- Children's of Alabama, Children's Health Research Unit/University of Alabama, Birmingham, AB, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Paine Iii
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Richard E Kanner
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Wayne Anderson
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Bradley Drummond
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victor Kim
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|