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Kumar M, Yan P, Kuchel GA, Xu M. Cellular Senescence as a Targetable Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases: Therapeutic Implications: JACC Family Series. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:522-534. [PMID: 38680957 PMCID: PMC11055207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases markedly rises with age. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and the manifestation of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which has emerged as a significant contributor to aging, mortality, and a spectrum of chronic ailments. An increasing body of preclinical and clinical research has established connections between senescence, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and age-related cardiac and vascular pathologies. This review comprehensively outlines studies delving into the detrimental impact of senescence on various cardiovascular diseases, encompassing systemic atherosclerosis (including coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease), as well as conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and valvular heart diseases. In addition, we have preclinical studies demonstrating the beneficial effects of senolytics-a class of drugs designed to eliminate senescent cells selectively across diverse cardiovascular disease scenarios. Finally, we address knowledge gaps on the influence of senescence on cardiovascular systems and discuss the future trajectory of strategies targeting senescence for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Pengyi Yan
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - George A. Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Xu H, Yu S, Lin C, Dong D, Xiao J, Ye Y, Wang M. Roles of flavonoids in ischemic heart disease: Cardioprotective effects and mechanisms against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155409. [PMID: 38342018 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are extensively present in fruits, vegetables, grains, and medicinal plants. Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) comprise a sequence of detrimental incidents following myocardial ischemia. Research indicates that flavonoids have the potential to act as cardioprotective agents against MI/R injuries. Several specific flavonoids, e.g., luteolin, hesperidin, quercetin, kaempferol, and puerarin, have demonstrated cardioprotective activities in animal models. PURPOSE The objective of this review is to identify the cardioprotective flavonoids, investigate their mechanisms of action, and explore their application in myocardial ischemia. METHODS A search of PubMed database and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords "myocardial ischemia" and "flavonoids". Studies published within the last 10 years reporting on the cardioprotective effects of natural flavonoids on animal models were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 55 natural flavonoids were identified and discussed within this review. It can be summarized that flavonoids regulate the following main strategies: antioxidation, anti-inflammation, calcium modulation, mitochondrial protection, ER stress inhibition, anti-apoptosis, ferroptosis inhibition, autophagy modulation, and inhibition of adverse cardiac remodeling. Additionally, the number and position of OH, 3'4'-catechol, C2=C3, and C4=O may play a significant role in the cardioprotective activity of flavonoids. CONCLUSION This review serves as a reference for designing a daily diet to prevent or reduce damages following ischemia and screening of flavonoids for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China
| | - Shenglong Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Chunxi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Dingjun Dong
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, PR China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense, Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yanbin Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China.
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Pan G, Cui B, Han M, Lin L, Li Y, Wang L, Guo S, Yin Y, Zhan H, Li P. Puerarin inhibits NHE1 activity by interfering with the p38 pathway and attenuates mitochondrial damage induced by myocardial calcium overload in heart failure rats. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:270-279. [PMID: 38282474 PMCID: PMC10984851 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that puerarin plays a key role in protecting humans and animals from cardiovascular diseases. The exact mechanism of the therapeutic effect of puerarin on various cardiovascular diseases (protective effect on cardiomyocytes) is still unclear. In the present study, we identify the role of puerarin in an animal model of experimental heart failure (HF) and explore its underlying mechanisms. The HF rat model is induced by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin (ADR), and puerarin is administered intragastrically at low, medium, and high concentrations. We demonstrate that puerarin significantly improves myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration and, as a result, improves cardiac function in ADR-induced HF rats. Mechanistically, we find for the first time that puerarin inhibits overactivated Na +/H + exchange isoform 1 (NHE1) in HF, which may improve HF by decreasing Na + and Ca 2+ ion concentrations and attenuating mitochondrial damage caused by calcium overload; on the other hand, puerarin inhibits the activation of the p38 pathway in HF, reduces the expressions of TGF-β and proinflammatory cytokines, and suppresses myocardial fibrosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that Puerarin is an effective drug against HF and may play a protective role in the myocardium by inhibiting the activation of p38 and its downstream NHE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guopin Pan
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Baoyue Cui
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
- Nanyang Second General HospitalNanyang473001China
| | - Mingming Han
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Laibiao Lin
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Yinlan Li
- College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China
| | - Ling Wang
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and AngiopathyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning437100China
| | - Yaling Yin
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Heqin Zhan
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Peng Li
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and AngiopathyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning437100China
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Suda M, Katsuumi G, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Minamino T. Potential Clinical Implications of Senotherapies for Cardiovascular Disease. Circ J 2024; 88:277-284. [PMID: 37880106 PMCID: PMC10922738 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and accumulating evidence indicates that biological aging has a significant effect on the onset and progression of CVDs. In recent years, therapies targeting senescent cells (senotherapies), particularly senolytics that selectively eliminate senescent cells, have been developed and show promise for treating geriatric syndromes and age-associated diseases, including CVDs. In 2 pilot studies published in 2019 the senolytic combination, dasatinib plus quercetin, improved physical function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and eliminated senescent cells from adipose tissue in patients with diabetic kidney disease. More than 30 clinical trials using senolytics are currently underway or planned. In preclinical CVD models, senolytics appear to improve heart failure, ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm, vascular dysfunction, dialysis arteriovenous fistula patency, and pre-eclampsia. Because senotherapies are completely different strategies from existing treatment paradigms, they might alleviate diseases for which there are no current effective treatments or they could be used in addition to current therapies to enhance efficacy. Moreover, senotherapies might delay, prevent, alleviate or treat multiple diseases in the elderly and reduce polypharmacy, because senotherapies target fundamental aging mechanisms. We comprehensively summarize the preclinical evidence about senotherapies for CVDs and discuss future prospects for their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Medicine and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic
| | - Goro Katsuumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Medicine and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Medicine and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
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Adeli OA, Heidari-Soureshjani S, Rostamian S, Azadegan-Dehkordi Z, Khaghani A. Effects and Mechanisms of Fisetin against Ischemia-reperfusion Injuries: A Systematic Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:2138-2153. [PMID: 38310454 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010281821240102105415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a well-known ailment that can disturb organ function. OBJECTIVES This systematic review study investigated fisetin's effects and possible mechanisms in attenuating myocardial, cerebral, renal, and hepatic IRIs. METHODS This systematic review included studies earlier than Sep 2023 by following the PRISMA statement 2020. After determining inclusion and exclusion criteria and related keywords, bibliographic databases, such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases, were used to search the relevant studies. Studies were imported in End- Note X8, and the primary information was recorded in Excel. RESULTS Fisetin reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and upregulated antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), in ischemic tissues. Moreover, fisetin can attenuate oxidative stress by activating phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K/Akt) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways. Fisetin has been indicated to prevent the activation of several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and MAPKs (Mitogen-activated protein kinases). It also inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes like tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), inducible-NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-1, and IL-6. Fisetin attenuates IRI by improving mitochondrial function, anti-apoptotic effects, promoting autophagy, and preserving tissues from histological changes induced by IRIs. CONCLUSION Fisetin, by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial protection, promoting autophagy, and anti-apoptotic properties, can reduce cell injury due to myocardial, cerebral renal, and hepatic IRIs without any significant side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid-Ali Adeli
- Department of Pathology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Rostamian
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zahra Azadegan-Dehkordi
- Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Armin Khaghani
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Boovarahan SR, Balu K, Prem P, Sivakumar B, Kurian GA. DNA hypomethylation by fisetin preserves mitochondria functional genes and contributes to the protection of I/R rat heart. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:325. [PMID: 37880513 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial I/R can alter the expression of different sets of cardiac genes that negatively influence the I/R outcome via epigenetic modifications. Fisetin is known to be cardioprotective against I/R, but its underlying epigenetic mode of action is not known and is addressed in the present study. Male Wistar rats were subjected to I/R by using the Langendorff perfusion system. Fisetin (20 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered before I/R induction, followed by the measurement of cardiac injury, hemodynamics, physiological indices, the differential expression of genes that regulate DNA methylation, and the function of mitochondria were performed. Fisetin administered I/R rat heart significantly reduced the global DNA hypermethylation and infarct size with an improved physiological recovery, measured via RPP (81%) and LVDP (82%) from the I/R control. Additionally, we noted decreased expression of the DNMT1 gene by 35% and increased expression of the TET1, TET2, and TET3 genes in fisetin-treated I/R rat hearts. Molecular docking analysis data reveals that the fisetin inhibits DNMT1 at the substrate binding site with minimum binding energy (- 8.2 kcal/mol) compared to the DNMT1 inhibitor, 5-azacytidine. Moreover, fisetin-treated I/R heart reversed the expression of the I/R-linked declined expression of bioenergetics genes (MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND4, MT-Cyt B, MT-COX1, MT-COX2, MT-ATP6), mitochondrial fission gene (Fis1), replication control genes PGC-1α, POLG, and TFAM to near-normal level. Based on the above findings, we demonstrated that fisetin possesses the ability to modulate the expression of different mitochondrial genes via influencing the global DNA methylation in cardiac tissue, which contributes significantly to the improved contractile function and thereby renders cardioprotection against I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Rahavi Boovarahan
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Kirankumar Balu
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Priyanka Prem
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Bhavana Sivakumar
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India.
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Yu YN, Ren YY, Shao ZL, Chen BL, Cui BY, Chao CY, Guo LJ, Guo S, Zhang MX, Wang SX, Zhu ML, Yin YL, Li P. Perillaldehyde improves diabetic cardiomyopathy by upregulating miR-133a-3p to regulate GSK-3β. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 953:175836. [PMID: 37329971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is part of the most important causes of death from cardiovascular disease. Perillaldehyde (PAE), a major component of the herb perilla, has been shown to ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, but it is unclear whether PAE exerts beneficial effects on DCM. Exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of PAE for the treatment of DCM through network pharmacology and molecular docking. The SD rat type 1 diabetes model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), the cardiac function indexes of each group were detected by echocardiography; the morphological changes, apoptosis, protein expression of P-GSK-3β (S9), collagen I (Col-Ⅰ), collagen III (Col-Ⅲ) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and miR-133a-3p expression levels were detected. An DCM model of H9c2 cells was established in vitro and transfected with Mimic and Inhibitor of miR-133a-3p. The results showed that PAE ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, reduced fasting glucose and cardiac weight index, and improved myocardial injury and apoptosis in DCM rats. It reduced high glucose-induced apoptosis, promoted migration and improved mitochondrial division injury in H9c2 cells. PAE decreased P-GSK-3β (S9), Col-Ⅰ, Col-Ⅲ and α-SMA protein expression and upregulated miR-133a-3p expression levels. After miR-133a-3p Inhibitor treatment, the expression of P-GSK-3β (S9) and α-SMA expression were significantly increased; after miR-133a-3p Mimic treatment, the expression of P-GSK-3β (S9) and α-SMA decreased significantly in H9c2 cells. It suggests that the mechanism of action of PAE to improve DCM may be related to the upregulation of miR-133a-3p and inhibition of P-GSK-3β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhen-Lei Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bu-Lei Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bao-Yue Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | | | - Li-Juan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Xinxiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang, 453119, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Mo-Li Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Fang HY, Zhao XN, Zhang M, Ma YY, Huang JL, Zhou P. Beneficial effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular diseases by influencing NLRP3 inflammasome. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01249-2. [PMID: 37261627 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of global mortality and have a high incidence rate worldwide. The function of inflammasomes in CVDs has received a lot of attention recently, and the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome may be a new target for the prevention and treatment of CVDs. Flavonoids, which are found in food and plant extracts, inhibited inflammation in CVDs by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. CB-Dock was used to investigate whether 34 flavonoids from natural products acted on NLRP3 inflammasome. In brief, the PDB format of NLRP3 was selected as a protein file, and 34 flavonoids in SDF format were selected as the ligand file, and then input to CB-Dock for molecular docking. The docking results showed that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), amentoflavone, baicalin, scutellarin, vitexin, silibinin, and puerarin had good binding affinities to NLRP3, which could be used as NLRP3 inhibitors, and aid in the discovery of lead compounds for the design and development of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Fang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ni Zhao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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Suda M, Paul KH, Minamino T, Miller JD, Lerman A, Ellison-Hughes GM, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senescent Cells: A Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1296. [PMID: 37174697 PMCID: PMC10177324 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cell accumulation has been observed in age-associated diseases including cardiovascular diseases. Senescent cells lack proliferative capacity and secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors that may cause or worsen many cardiovascular diseases. Therapies targeting senescent cells, especially senolytic drugs that selectively induce senescent cell removal, have been shown to delay, prevent, alleviate, or treat multiple age-associated diseases in preclinical models. Some senolytic clinical trials have already been completed or are underway for a number of diseases and geriatric syndromes. Understanding how cellular senescence affects the various cell types in the cardiovascular system, such as endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, progenitor cells, and cardiomyocytes, is important to facilitate translation of senotherapeutics into clinical interventions. This review highlights: (1) the characteristics of senescent cells and their involvement in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on the aforementioned cardiovascular cell types, (2) evidence about senolytic drugs and other senotherapeutics, and (3) the future path and clinical potential of senotherapeutics for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Karl H. Paul
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Jordan D. Miller
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Georgina M. Ellison-Hughes
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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McLean BA, Wong CK, Kabir MG, Drucker DJ. Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor Tie2+ cells are essential for the cardioprotective actions of liraglutide in mice with experimental myocardial infarction. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101641. [PMID: 36396031 PMCID: PMC9706177 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists reduce the rates of major cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction in people with type 2 diabetes, and decrease infarct size while preserving ventricular function in preclinical studies. Nevertheless, the precise cellular sites of GLP-1R expression that mediate the cardioprotective actions of GLP-1 in the setting of ischemic cardiac injury are uncertain. METHODS Publicly available single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets on mouse and human heart cells were analyzed for Glp1r/GLP1R expression. Fluorescent activated cell sorting was used to localize Glp1r expression in cell populations from the mouse heart. The importance of endothelial and hematopoietic cells for the cardioprotective response to liraglutide in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (MI) was determined by inactivating the Glp1r in Tie2+ cell populations. Cardiac gene expression profiles regulated by liraglutide were examined using RNA-seq to interrogate mouse atria and both infarcted and non-infarcted ventricular tissue after acute coronary artery ligation. RESULTS In mice, cardiac Glp1r mRNA transcripts were exclusively detected in endocardial cells by scRNA-seq. In contrast, analysis of human heart by scRNA-seq localized GLP1R mRNA transcripts to populations of atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes. Moreover, very low levels of GIPR, GCGR and GLP2R mRNA transcripts were detected in the human heart. Cell sorting and RNA analyses detected cardiac Glp1r expression in endothelial cells (ECs) within the atria and ventricle in the ischemic and non-ischemic mouse heart. Transcriptional responses to liraglutide administration were not evident in wild type mouse ventricles following acute MI, however liraglutide differentially regulated genes important for inflammation, cardiac repair, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in the left atrium, while reducing circulating levels of IL-6 and KC/GRO within hours of acute MI. Inactivation of the Glp1r within the Tie2+ cell expression domain encompassing ECs revealed normal cardiac structure and function, glucose homeostasis and body weight in Glp1rTie2-/- mice. Nevertheless, the cardioprotective actions of liraglutide to reduce infarct size, augment ejection fraction, and improve survival after experimental myocardial infarction (MI), were attenuated in Glp1rTie2-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify the importance of the murine Tie2+ endothelial cell GLP-1R as a target for the cardioprotective actions of GLP-1R agonists and support the importance of the atrial and ventricular endocardial GLP-1R as key sites of GLP-1 action in the ischemic mouse heart. Hitherto unexplored species-specific differences in cardiac GLP-1R expression challenge the exclusive use of mouse models for understanding the mechanisms of GLP-1 action in the normal and ischemic human heart.
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11
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Mitrofanova L, Popov S. Editorial: Interplay between the heart and the immune system: Focus on heart rhythm regulation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:981499. [PMID: 36035479 PMCID: PMC9399915 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.981499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lubov Mitrofanova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- *Correspondence: Lubov Mitrofanova,
| | - Sergey Popov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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12
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Xia R, Tomsits P, Loy S, Zhang Z, Pauly V, Schüttler D, Clauss S. Cardiac Macrophages and Their Effects on Arrhythmogenesis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:900094. [PMID: 35812333 PMCID: PMC9257039 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.900094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac electrophysiology is a complex system established by a plethora of inward and outward ion currents in cardiomyocytes generating and conducting electrical signals in the heart. However, not only cardiomyocytes but also other cell types can modulate the heart rhythm. Recently, cardiac macrophages were demonstrated as important players in both electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis. Cardiac macrophages are a heterogeneous group of immune cells including resident macrophages derived from embryonic and fetal precursors and recruited macrophages derived from circulating monocytes from the bone marrow. Recent studies suggest antiarrhythmic as well as proarrhythmic effects of cardiac macrophages. The proposed mechanisms of how cardiac macrophages affect electrophysiology vary and include both direct and indirect interactions with other cardiac cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the different subsets of macrophages in the heart and their possible interactions with cardiomyocytes under both physiologic conditions and heart disease. Furthermore, we elucidate similarities and differences between human, murine and porcine cardiac macrophages, thus providing detailed information for researchers investigating cardiac macrophages in important animal species for electrophysiologic research. Finally, we discuss the pros and cons of mice and pigs to investigate the role of cardiac macrophages in arrhythmogenesis from a translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibing Xia
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Tomsits
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Loy
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie Pauly
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schüttler
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Clauss
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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13
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Dong W, Jia C, Li J, Zhou Y, Luo Y, Liu J, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Lin S, Chen Y. Fisetin Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy-Induced Podocyte Injury by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:783706. [PMID: 35126159 PMCID: PMC8816314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.783706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the primary complications of diabetes. Fisetin is a flavonoid polyphenol that is present in several vegetables and fruits. The present study investigated the mechanisms of fisetin in DN-induced podocyte injury both in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that fisetin ameliorated high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN in mice. CDKN1B mRNA expression in the glomeruli of patients with DN decreased based on the Nephroseq dataset, and fisetin reversed CDKN1B expression at mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner in podocytes and mice kidney tissues. Furthermore, fisetin suppressed the phosphorylation of P70S6K, a downstream target of CDKN1B, activated autophagosome formation, and inhibited Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes. Interfering CDKN1B reduced the protective effects of fisetin against high glucose-induced podocyte injury. Molecular docking results revealed a potential interaction between fisetin and CDKN1B. In summary, the present study revealed that fisetin alleviated high glucose-induced podocyte injury and STZ-induced DN in mice by restoring autophagy-mediated CDKN1B/P70S6K pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Dong
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Jia
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Li
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jibo Liu
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Chen W, Wang J, Wang X, Chang P, Liang M. Knockdown of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) interferes with angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) to attenuate high glucose-triggered hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in cardiomyocytes. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1476-1490. [PMID: 34974813 PMCID: PMC8805963 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2019874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury of cardiomyocytes induced by high glucose (HG). The in vitro model of coronary heart disease with diabetes was that H9c2 cells were stimulated by H/R and HG. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of HIF1A and angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) in H9c2 cells. Cell viability and apoptosis were, respectively, estimated by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) and TUNEL assays. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, inflammation and oxidative stress were in turn detected by their commercial assay kits. Luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to confirm the association between HIF1A and ANGPTL2 promoter. The expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were also detected by Western blot analysis. As a result, ANGPTL2 expression was upregulated in H9c2 cells induced by HG or/and H/R. ANGPTL2 positively modulated HIF1A expression in H9c2 cells. HG or/and H/R suppressed the cell viability and promoted apoptosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress levels in H9c2 cells. However, the knockdown of ANGPTL2 could reverse the above phenomena in H/R-stimulated-H9c2 cells through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. HIF1A transcriptionally activated ANGPTL2 expression. The effect of knockdown of ANGPTL2 on H/R triggered-H9c2 cells was weakened by HIF1A overexpression. In conclusion, knockdown of HIF1A downregulated ANGPTL2 to alleviate H/R injury in HG-induced H9c2 cells by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jianbang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Pan Chang
- Experimental Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Meng Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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15
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Li Y, Liu Y, Chen J, Hu J. Protective effect of Fisetin on the lipopolysaccharide-induced preeclampsia-like rats. Hypertens Pregnancy 2021; 41:23-30. [PMID: 34933650 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2021.2013874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article is aimed to investigate the function and underlying action mechanism of Fisetin in LPS-induced PE rats. METHODS LPS-induced PE-like rat model was established to explore the effects of Fisetin on PE in vivo. RESULTS Fisetin reduced hypertension, proteinuria, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MDA, and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, but elevated the placental, fetal weight, GSH and SOD in PE rats. Moreover, Fisetin suppressed TLR4/NF-κB pathway, as well as promoting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in placental tissues of PE rats. CONCLUSIONS Fisetin exerted protective role and modulated the activation of TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in PE-like rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
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16
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Wu N, Li Z, Wang J, Geng L, Yue Y, Deng Z, Wang Q, Zhang Q. Low molecular weight fucoidan attenuating pulmonary fibrosis by relieving inflammatory reaction and progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118567. [PMID: 34560978 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar injury and pulmonary fibrosis (PF) are the main causes of death of Covid-19 cases. In this study a low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) with unique structural was obtained from Laminaria japonica, and its anti- PF and anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) bioactivity were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. After LWMF treatment the fibrosis and inflammatory factors stimulated by Bleomycin (BLM) were in lung tissue. Immunohistochemical and Western-blot results found the expression of COL2A1, β-catenin, TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-6 were declined in mice lung tissue. Besides, the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt were inhibited by LMWF. In addition, the progression of EMT induced by TGF-β1 was inhibited by LMWF through down-regulated both TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. These data indicate that unique LMWF can protect the lung from fibrosis by weakening the process of inflammation and EMT, and it is a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Nantong Zhongke Marine Science and Technology Research and Development Center, Nantong, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihua Geng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Yue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenzhen Deng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchi Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quanbin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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17
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Dai W, Chao X, Jiang Z, Zhong G. lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 may function as a competitive endogenous RNA in atrial fibrillation by sponging miR‑223‑3p. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:870. [PMID: 34698362 PMCID: PMC8569515 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common forms of cardiac arrhythmia. Novel evidence has indicated that a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism may occur in AF. The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in AF and predict their targeting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to identify a potential ceRNA network involved in AF using bioinformatics analysis. The GSE68475 microarray dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and differentially expressed miRNAs in AF were obtained. In addition, right atrial appendage (RAA) tissues from patients with AF were collected to determine the expression levels of the miRNAs identified following bioinformatics analysis using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (n=8 per group). Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) functional term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analyses of the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs of interest were performed. The potential upstream lncRNAs targeting the identified miRNAs were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the existence of a targeted relationship between the differentially expressed miRNA and lncRNA of interest. The results identified 43 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 23 upregulated miRNAs. The trends in the expression levels of miR-223-3p were inconsistent between the microarray data and those recorded in the RAA tissues from patients with persistent AF. Therefore, miR-223-3p was selected as the miRNA of interest for further investigations. The target gene of miR-233-3p was found to be enriched in 57 GO terms and 21 KEGG signaling pathways. According to the bioinformatics prediction, 69 lncRNAs targeting miR-223-3p were identified, including the lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5, lncRNA KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) and lncRNA MYC-induced long non-coding RNA. The results from dual luciferase assay confirmed that miR-223-3p was a direct target of KCNQ1OT1. A ceRNA regulatory relationship may exist between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-223-3p in AF, providing therefore a novel potential research target for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Chao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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18
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Papathanasiou KA, Giotaki SG, Vrachatis DA, Siasos G, Lambadiari V, Iliodromitis KE, Kossyvakis C, Kaoukis A, Raisakis K, Deftereos G, Papaioannou TG, Giannopoulos G, Avramides D, Deftereos SG. Molecular Insights in Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis and Therapeutics: A Narrative Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091584. [PMID: 34573926 PMCID: PMC8470040 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is bound to increase globally in the following years, affecting the quality of life of millions of people, increasing mortality and morbidity, and beleaguering health care systems. Increasingly effective therapeutic options against AF are the constantly evolving electroanatomic substrate mapping systems of the left atrium (LA) and ablation catheter technologies. Yet, a prerequisite for better long-term success rates is the understanding of AF pathogenesis and maintenance. LA electrical and anatomical remodeling remains in the epicenter of current research for novel diagnostic and treatment modalities. On a molecular level, electrical remodeling lies on impaired calcium handling, enhanced inwardly rectifying potassium currents, and gap junction perturbations. In addition, a wide array of profibrotic stimuli activates fibroblast to an increased extracellular matrix turnover via various intermediaries. Concomitant dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system and the humoral function of increased epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) are established mediators in the pathophysiology of AF. Local atrial lymphomononuclear cells infiltrate and increased inflammasome activity accelerate and perpetuate arrhythmia substrate. Finally, impaired intracellular protein metabolism, excessive oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction deplete atrial cardiomyocyte ATP and promote arrhythmogenesis. These overlapping cellular and molecular alterations hinder us from distinguishing the cause from the effect in AF pathogenesis. Yet, a plethora of therapeutic modalities target these molecular perturbations and hold promise in combating the AF burden. Namely, atrial selective ion channel inhibitors, AF gene therapy, anti-fibrotic agents, AF drug repurposing, immunomodulators, and indirect cardiac neuromodulation are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos A. Papathanasiou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Sotiria G. Giotaki
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Dimitrios A. Vrachatis
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
| | | | - Charalampos Kossyvakis
- Department of Cardiology, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (G.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Andreas Kaoukis
- Department of Cardiology, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (G.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Konstantinos Raisakis
- Department of Cardiology, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (G.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Gerasimos Deftereos
- Department of Cardiology, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (G.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Theodore G. Papaioannou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
| | | | - Dimitrios Avramides
- Department of Cardiology, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (G.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Spyridon G. Deftereos
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.A.P.); (S.G.G.); (D.A.V.); (G.S.); (V.L.); (T.G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-21-0583-2355
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19
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FIsetin Preserves Interfibrillar Mitochondria to Protect Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 80:123-137. [PMID: 34392494 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
According to our previous study, fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a bioactive phytochemical (flavonol), reportedly showed cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) [1]. GSK3β is said to exert a non-mitochondrial mediated cardioprotection; therefore, distinct mechanisms of GSK3β on the regulatory effect of mitochondria need to be addressed. The two distinct mitochondrial subpopulations in the heart, namely interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM) and subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM), respond differently to disease states. The current study aimed to understand the effect of fisetin on the subpopulation-specific preservation of IFM and SSM while rendering cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion (I/R). Rats were pre-treated with fisetin (20 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, and IRI was induced using Langendorff isolated heart perfusion technique. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded, and the cardiac injury was assessed using infarct size (IS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) levels. Subpopulation-specific mitochondrial preservation was evaluated by electron transport chain (ETC), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) activities. The bioavailability of fisetin in IFM and SSM was measured using the fluorescence method. The ability of fisetin to bind directly to the mitochondrial complex-1 and activating it through donating electrons to FMN was studied using molecular docking studies and further validated by in vitro rotenone sensitivity assay. Cardioprotective effects exhibited by fisetin were mainly mediated through IFM preservation. Mitochondrial bioavailability of fisetin is more in IFM than SSM in both ex vivo and in vitro conditions. Fisetin increased mitochondrial ATP production in I/R insult hearts by activating ETC complex 1. Inhibition of complex 1 prevents the ATP-producing capacity of fisetin. Our results provide evidence that fisetin plays a protective role in myocardial IRI, possibly by preserving the functional activities of IFM.
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Khatoon S, Agarwal NB, Samim M, Alam O. Neuroprotective Effect of Fisetin Through Suppression of IL-1R/TLR Axis and Apoptosis in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling in Mice. Front Neurol 2021; 12:689069. [PMID: 34354662 PMCID: PMC8333701 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.689069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder, characterized by frequent electrical activity in brain regions. Inflammation and apoptosis cascade activation are serious neurological sequelae during seizures. Fisetin (3, 3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a flavonoid molecule, is considered for its effective anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. This study investigated the neuroprotective effect of fisetin on experimental epilepsy. For acute studies, increasing current electroshock (ICES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure tests were performed to evaluate the antiseizure activity of fisetin. For the chronic study, the kindling model was established by the administration of PTZ in subconvulsive dose (25 mg/kg, i.p.). Mice were treated with fisetin (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) to study its probable antiseizure mechanism. The kindled mice were evaluated for seizure scores. Their hippocampus and cortex were assessed for neuronal damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. Histological alterations were observed in the hippocampus of the experimental mice. Levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), interleukin-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed in the hippocampus and cortex by ELISA. The immunoreactivity and mRNA expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), cytochrome C, and caspase-3 were quantified by immunohistochemical analysis and real-time PCR. Phosphorylation ELISA was performed to evaluate AkT/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) activation in the hippocampus and cortex of the kindled mice. The results showed that fisetin administration increased the seizure threshold current (STC) in the ICES test. In PTZ-induced seizures, fisetin administration increased the latency for myoclonic jerks (MJs) and generalized seizures (GSs). In the PTZ-induced kindling model, fisetin administration dose-dependently suppressed the development of kindling and the associated neuronal damage in the experimental mice. Further, fisetin administration ameliorated kindling-induced neuroinflammation as evident from decreased levels of HMGB1, TLR-4, IL-1R1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the hippocampus and cortex of the kindled mice. Also, the immunoreactivity and mRNA expressions of inflammatory molecules, NF-κB, and COX-2 were decreased with fisetin administration in the kindled animals. Decreased phosphorylation of the AkT/mTOR pathway was reported with fisetin administration in the hippocampus and cortex of the kindled mice. The immunoreactivity and mRNA expressions of apoptotic molecules, cytochrome C, and caspase-3 were attenuated upon fisetin administration. The findings suggest that fisetin shows a neuroprotective effect by suppressing the release of inflammatory and apoptosis molecules and attenuating histological alterations during experimental epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Khatoon
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi Bharal Agarwal
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Huang X, Shen H, Liu Y, Qiu S, Guo Y. Fisetin attenuates periodontitis through FGFR1/TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107505. [PMID: 33725636 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the pharmacological effect of Fisetin on experimental periodontitis in rats and explore its potential mechanism. The ligature/LPS method was used to induce periodontitis in rats. LPS was employed to cause inflammation in Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). The transfections with FGFR1 SiRNA, NLRP3 SiRNA and the selective TLR4 inhibitor TAK242 were used to investigate the mechanism of Fisetin-mediated inflammatory reaction in LPS-induced HGF. As a result, Fisetin reduced the alveolar bone gap, reversed histopathological lesion and inhibited serum inflammatory cytokine concentration in periodontitis rats. Fisetin decreased the inflammatory cytokine contents in the supernatant of LPS-induced HGF. The inhibitory effect of Fisetin might be attributed to FGFR1/TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway both in vivo and in vitro. The suppressions of FGFR1, TLR4 and NLRP3 proved that FGFR1/TLR4/NLRP3 signaling was involved in the Fisetin-mediated inflammatory response. Fisetin also inhibited NLRP3 priming. The data demonstrated that Fisetin attenuated periodontitis by inhibiting inflammatory reaction via FGFR1/TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Sainan Qiu
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Zhang L, Tong X, Huang J, Wu M, Zhang S, Wang D, Liu S, Fan H. Fisetin Alleviated Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Partly by Rescuing Alveolar Epithelial Cells From Senescence. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:553690. [PMID: 33381023 PMCID: PMC7768023 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.553690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an aging-associated disease, satisfactory therapies are not yet available. Accelerated senescence of alveolar epithelial cells plays an important part in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis. Fisetin (FIS) is a natural non-toxic flavonoid, which has many pharmacological functions. However, the role of FIS in pulmonary fibrosis has not been established. In this study, we found that FIS treatment apparently alleviated BLM-induced weight loss, inflammatory cells infiltration, inflammatory factors expression, collagen deposition and alveolar epithelial cell senescence, along with AMPK activation and the down regulation of NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad3 in vivo. In vitro, FIS administration significantly inhibited the senescence of alveolar epithelial cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotype, followed by reduced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts as well as collagen deposition in fibroblasts, which was blocked by an AMPK inhibitor, Compound C. Together, these results suggest that FIS can alleviate the development of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which is related to the inhibition of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling and the reduction of alveolar epithelium cell senescence by regulating AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. FIS may be a promising candidate for patients with pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jizhen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Man Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongguang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - SiTong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Kim IS, Lee BK, Yang PS, Joung B, Kim JY. Sex-based Approach for the Clinical Impact of the Increased Hemoglobin on Incident AF in the General Population. Korean Circ J 2020; 50:1095-1110. [PMID: 33258318 PMCID: PMC7707984 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2020.0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Although the adverse cardiovascular effect of anemia has been well described, the effect of polycythemia on the incident atrial fibrillation (AF) remain unclear. The objective of this study is to identify the association between increased hemoglobin and incident AF. Methods This was a retrospective-cohort study with 434,269 subjects who underwent national health examinations from the Korean National Sample Cohort. We estimated the risk of incident AF according to hemoglobin-based four-categories. Results During 3.9-year of follow-up, polycythemia group showed higher incidences of AF (hazard ratio[HR] with 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.50 [1.28–1.76] and 1.69 [1.13–2.56]; in men and women, respectively) than normal hemoglobin group (each p<0.001). In the normal hemoglobin and polycythemia groups, a 1 g/dL increase in hemoglobin level was associated with increased risks of incident AF (1.12 [1.07–1.17] and 1.18 [1.10–1.26] in men and women, each p<0.001). To investigate the specific hemoglobin concentration related to greater AF incidence, we analyzed the sensitivity/specificity of different hemoglobin levels: ≥16.0 g/dL in men and ≥14.5 g/dL in women showed the highest Youden's index, with c-indices of 0.83 and 0.82, respectively. Kaplan-Meier cumulative-event curves according to these specific hemoglobin levels (≥16.0 g/dL in men and ≥14.5 g/dL in women) also showed consistent results in both sexes (each p<0.05). Conclusions Even in the Korean general population, increased hemoglobin was significantly associated with higher rate of incident AF. Especially, subjects with hemoglobin levels ≥14.5 g/dL in women and ≥16.0 g/dL among men were associated with increased risk of incident AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Soo Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pil Sung Yang
- Department of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Youn Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lai XX, Zhang N, Chen LY, Luo YY, Shou BY, Xie XX, Liu RH. Latifolin protects against myocardial infarction by alleviating myocardial inflammatory via the HIF-1α/NF-κB/IL-6 pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1156-1166. [PMID: 33222562 PMCID: PMC7717487 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1840597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The Traditional Chinese herb medicine Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Fabaceae), exerted a protective effect on myocardial ischaemia. Latifolin is a neoflavonoid extracted from Dalbergia odorifera. It has been reported to have the effects of anti-inflammation and cardiomyocyte protection. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether latifolin can improve myocardial infarction (MI) through attenuating myocardial inflammatory and to explore its possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Left coronary artery was ligated to induce a rat model of MI, and the rats were treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) or different doses of latifolin (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/d) by oral gavage for 28 days. Serum contents of myocardial enzyme were measured at seven and fourteen days after treatment. Cardiac function, infarct size, histopathological changes and inflammatory cells infiltration was assessed at 28 days after treatment. Western blotting was used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Latifolin treatment markedly decreased the contents of myocardial enzymes, and increased left ventricular ejection fraction (85.27% vs. 59.11%) and left ventricular fractional shortening (62.71% vs. 45.53%). Latifolin was found to significantly reduced infarction size (27.78% vs. 39.07%), myocardial fibrosis and the numbers of macrophage infiltration (436 cells/mm2 vs. 690 cells/mm2). In addition, latifolin down-regulated the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (0.95-fold), phospho-nuclear factor-κB (0.2-fold) and interleukin-6 (1.11-fold). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Latifolin can protect against myocardial infarction by improving myocardial inflammation through the HIF-1α/NF-κB/IL-6 signalling pathway. Accordingly, latifolin may be a promising drug for pharmacological treatment of ischaemic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Lai
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Lan-Ying Chen
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying-Ying Luo
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin-Yao Shou
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Xu Xie
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Abstract
The population suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated by atrial fibrillation (AF) is rising rapidly. A strong correlation between the two diseases has been reported, and the many common risk factors they share may play prominent roles in their development. In addition, CHD can directly promote the progression of AF by affecting reentry formation, focal ectopic activity, and neural remodeling. At the same time, AF also affects CHD through three aspects: 1) atherosclerosis, 2) the mismatch of blood supply and oxygen consumption, and 3) thrombosis. In conclusion, CHD and AF can aggravate each other and seem to form a vicious cycle. For patients with CHD complicated by AF, principal studies and guidelines have focused on antithrombotic treatment and rhythm control, which are paramount for these patients. Of note, our review sheds light on the strategies to break the cycle of the two diseases, which may be fundamental to treat these patients and optimize the benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xu J, Lei S, Sun S, Zhang W, Zhu F, Yang H, Xu Q, Zhang B, Li H, Zhu M, Hu X, Zhang H, Tang B, Kang P. MiR-324-3p Regulates Fibroblast Proliferation via Targeting TGF-β1 in Atrial Fibrillation. Int Heart J 2020; 61:1270-1278. [PMID: 33191361 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), one of the common clinical arrhythmias, lacks effective treatment manners. Cardiac fibroblasts play an essential role in myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodeling, which are involved in AF progression. Reportedly, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the myocardial fibrosis in AF. However, whether miR-324-3p involves myocardial fibrosis in AF and the tentative molecular mechanisms of miR-324-3p regulating cardiac fibroblasts during AF remains unknown. In the present study, miR-324-3p was found to be decreased in patients with AF and AF rat model. Next, we investigated the effect of miR-324-3p on myocardial fibroblast proliferation through miR-324-3p overexpression and found that miR-324-3p inhibited fibroblast proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, we found that miR-324-3p directly targeted transforming growth factor β1 in fibroblast, which may be involved in the development of myocardial fibrosis during AF. Meanwhile, miR-324-3p mimics treatment suppressed the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in fibroblast. These results demonstrated a molecular mechanism of miR-324-3p regulating fibroblast proliferation in vitro, which might provide a novel potential treatment manner in AF in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Sisi Lei
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Shuo Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Feiyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College.,Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Research, Bengbu Medical College
| | - Haichen Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Qingmei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College.,Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Research, Bengbu Medical College
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Xiangwen Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Bi Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
| | - Pinfang Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College.,Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Research, Bengbu Medical College
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The use of geroprotectors to prevent multimorbidity: Opportunities and challenges. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 193:111391. [PMID: 33144142 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over 60 % of people over the age of 65 will suffer from multiple diseases concomitantly but the common approach is to treat each disease separately. As age-associated diseases have common underlying mechanisms there is potential to tackle many diseases with the same pharmacological intervention. These are known as geroprotectors and could overcome the problems related to polypharmacy seen with the use of the single disease model. With some geroprotectors now reaching the end stage of preclinical studies and early clinical trials, there is a need to review the evidence and assess how they can be translated practically and effectively into routine practice. Despite promising evidence, there are many gaps and challenges in our understanding that must be addressed to make geroprotective medicine effective in the treatment of age-associated multimorbidity. Here we highlight the key barriers to clinical translation and discuss whether geroprotectors such as metformin, rapamycin and senolytics can tackle all age-associated diseases at the same dose, or whether a more nuanced approach is required. The evidence suggests that geroprotectors' mode of action may differ in different tissues or in response to different inducers of accelerating ageing, suggesting that a blunt 'one drug for many diseases' approach may not work. We make the case for the use of artificial intelligence to better understand multimorbidity, allowing identification of clusters and networks of diseases that are significantly associated beyond chance and the underpinning molecular pathway of ageing causal to each cluster. This will allow us to better understand the development of multimorbidity, select a more homogenous group of patients for intervention, match them with the appropriate geroprotector and identify biomarkers specific to the cluster.
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Huoxin Pill Attenuates Cardiac Inflammation by Suppression of TLR4/NF- κB in Acute Myocardial Ischemia Injury Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7905902. [PMID: 32695212 PMCID: PMC7368223 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7905902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Huoxin Pill (HXP), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been prescribed widely in the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and other diseases. However, the possible protective mechanisms of HXP on myocardial ischemia remain unclear. In the current study, we investigated the effects and potential mechanism of HXP on myocardial ischemia and cardiac inflammation and the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Determination of electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and heart weight index (HWI) indicated that HXP treatment obviously attenuated the elevation of ST-segment, end-diastolic volume, and HWI in the AMI rat model. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that Huoxin Pill treatment significantly decreased the levels of CTnT, CK-MB, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α, while it increased SOD content in serum of the AMI rat model. Moreover, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining revealed that HXP treatment alleviated pathological change, infiltration of inflammatory cells, levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and expression of TLR4 and p-NF-κB in cardiac tissues of the AMI rat model. In conclusion, HXP treatment significantly improves cardiac function and attenuates cardiac inflammation by suppressing the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the ISO-induced AMI rat model. This study provides insights into the potential of HXP on prevention and treatment of AMI.
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