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Huili Y, Ruoxi L, Zhimei P, Hezifan Z, Shuangnan H, Hanyao G, Binghan W, Weiping W, Yijun Y, Hongliang Z, Tonghui Q, Wenxiu X, Mi M, Zhenyan H. A phytoexclusion strategy for reducing contamination risk of rice based on low-Cd natural variations pyramid of root transporters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131865. [PMID: 37339575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium pollution in rice is a threat to human health. Phytoexclusion is an effective strategy to reduce the Cd accumulation. Soil-to-root is the first step of Cd entering rice and plays a crucial role in Cd accumulation, so targeting root transporters could be an effective approach for phytoexclusion. This study utilized single-gene & multi-gene joint haplotype analysis to reveal the law of natural variations. The result showed that natural variations of rice root transporters assembled regularly following a certain pattern, rather than randomly. A total of 3 dominant nature variation combinations with 2 high-Cd combinations and 1 low-Cd combination were identified. In addition, indica-japonica differentiation was observed, with indica germplasms harboring high-Cd combinations while japonica germplasms harboring. In Chinese rice landraces, most of the collected indica landraces contained high-Cd combinations, indicating a high Cd contamination risk in indica landraces in terms of both phenotype and genotype. To address this issue, multiple superior low-Cd natural variations were pyramided to create two new low-Cd germplasms. In both pond and farmland trials, the ameliorated rice grain Cd did not exceed safety standards. This research provided a framework for future phytoexclusion, thus to reduce Cd-contamination risk in soil-rice system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huili
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Liu Ruoxi
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhimei
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhang Hezifan
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Shuangnan
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guo Hanyao
- Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Wang Binghan
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wang Weiping
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yu Yijun
- Zhejiang Station for Management of Arable Land Quality and Fertilizer, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Zhang Hongliang
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Qian Tonghui
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xu Wenxiu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ma Mi
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - He Zhenyan
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China.
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Estimation of blood and urine levels of eight metals and essential trace elements collected from living Subjects compared to urine, cardiac and femoral postmortem blood, and other postmortem samples: A forensic toxicology study. J Forensic Leg Med 2022; 92:102435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Spanu A, Langasco I, Serra M, Deroma MA, Spano N, Barracu F, Pilo MI, Sanna G. Sprinkler irrigation in the production of safe rice by soils heavily polluted by arsenic and cadmium. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130351. [PMID: 33789216 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Among the factors affecting the bioaccumulation of As and Cd in rice, a key role is played by the irrigation methods. The sprinkler irrigation (SP), optimized for rice in Sardinia, Italy, applied to several rice genotypes over many years has produced no differences in yields in comparison to what observed using the traditional continuous flooding irrigation method (CF). Because all the previous SP trials have been performed just on one, unpolluted soil, the principal aim of this study is to ascertain the effectiveness of SP to simultaneously minimize the bioaccumulation of As and Cd in rice grain even in soils severely polluted by As and/or Cd. Hence, a Carnise rice genotype was cultivated in an open field in: i) an unpolluted soil; ii) a soil polluted with 55 mg kg-1 of As; iii) a soil polluted with 40 mg kg-1 of Cd; iv) a soil polluted with 50 mg kg-1 of As and 50 mg kg-1 of Cd. In the worst condition of pollution, the amounts of total As and Cd measured in the kernels using a fully validated ICP-MS method is 90 ± 10 μg kg-1 and 50 ± 20 μg kg-1, respectively, i.e. less than 50% and the 25% of the maximum concentration set for these elements in rice by the European Community (200 μg kg-1 for the inorganic As and the total amount of Cd, respectively). SP might represent a simple and valuable tool able to produce safe rice also from soils where the traditional irrigation might produce inedible rice only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Spanu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Langasco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Marco Serra
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Mario Antonello Deroma
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Nadia Spano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Barracu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Maria I Pilo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Gavino Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Spanu A, Valente M, Langasco I, Leardi R, Orlandoni AM, Ciulu M, Deroma MA, Spano N, Barracu F, Pilo MI, Sanna G. Effect of the irrigation method and genotype on the bioaccumulation of toxic and trace elements in rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:142484. [PMID: 33113683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The total concentration of three toxic elements (As, Cd and Pb) and five oligoelements (Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni and Se) has been determined using an original and completely validated ICP-MS method. This was applied to rice grains from 26 different genotypes cultivated in the same soil and irrigated with the same water in three different ways: by the traditional continuous flooding (CF) and by two intermittent methods, the sprinkler irrigation (SP) and the periodical saturation of the soil (SA). The adoption of SP hugely minimizes the average amounts of almost all elements in kernels (-98% for As, -90% for Se and Mn, -60% for Mo, -50% for Cd and Pb), with the only exception of Ni, whose concentration increases the average amount found in the CF rice by 7.5 times. Also SA irrigation is able to reduce the amounts of As, Mo and Pb in kernels but it significantly increases the amounts of Mn, Ni and - mainly - Cd. Also the nature of the genotype determined a wide variability of data within each irrigation method. Genotypes belonging to Indica subspecies are the best bioaccumulators of elements in both CF and SP methods and, never, the worst bioaccumulators for any element/irrigation method combination. In the principal component analysis, PC1 can differentiate samples irrigated by SP by those irrigated by CF and SA, whereas PC2 provides differentiation of CF samples by SA samples. When looking at the loading plot Ni is negatively correlated to the majority of the other elements, except Cu and Cd having negative loadings on PC2. These results allow to envisage that a proper combination of the irrigation method and the nature of rice genotype might be a very valuable tool in order to successfully achieve specific objectives of food safety or the attainment of functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Spanu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Langasco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Leardi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, Genova 16148, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Ciulu
- Department für Nutztierwissenschaften, Georg-August Universität, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Göttingen 37075, Germany.
| | - Mario Antonello Deroma
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Nadia Spano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Barracu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Maria I Pilo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Gavino Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Zhou YM, Long SS, Li BY, Huang YY, Li YJ, Yu JY, Du HH, Khan S, Lei M. Enrichment of cadmium in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under different exogenous pollution sources. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44249-44256. [PMID: 32767006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to unravel the cadmium (Cd) enrichment patterns in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under different exogenous exposure pathways, the pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. Cd was added to the soil-rice system via mixing soil with Cd-containing solution, irrigating the pots with Cd-containing water and leaf-spraying with Cd solution to simulate soil pollution (SPS), irrigation water pollution (IPS), and atmospheric deposit pollution sources (APS), respectively. No significant (p > 0.05) differences in plant height and rice grain yield were observed among all treatments including three different Cd pollution sources and control. The contents of Cd in rice plants significantly (p < 0.05) increased with increase in Cd concentrations in three pollution sources. The distribution pattern of Cd in the rice plant organs treated with SPS and IPS followed the order: roots > stems > leaves > husk > brown rice, while it was leaves > roots > stems > husk > brown rice treated with APS. At the same level of treatment, the highest concentration of Cd was observed in rice organs (except for middle and high concentrations treatment roots) grown under APS, followed by IPS and SPS, suggesting that the Cd bioavailability from different pollution sources followed the order of APS > IPS > SPS. It is concluded that the atmospheric pollution contributed more enrichment of rice with Cd. Therefore, in field environment, air deposits should also be analyzed for toxic metals during assessment of food chain contamination and health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Zhou
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Si Long
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Yu Li
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Yuan Huang
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jie Li
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yan Yu
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Hui Du
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ming Lei
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Province Irrigation Water Quality Purification Engineering Center, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
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Tuning of the Amount of Se in Rice ( Oryza sativa) Grain by Varying the Nature of the Irrigation Method: Development of an ICP-MS Analytical Protocol, Validation and Application to 26 Different Rice Genotypes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081861. [PMID: 32316646 PMCID: PMC7221937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The amount of specific trace elements like selenium (Se) may be of health concern for humans if contained in too high (or low) quantities in staple foods like rice. Among the attempts aimed to optimize the Se concentration in rice, only few studies have been focused on the use of irrigation methods other than continuous flooding. Since intermittent irriguous methods, like sprinkler and saturation, have found to be effective in modifying the bioaccumulation of arsenic and cadmium in rice kernels, the main goal of this study is to measure the amount of the total Se contained in grains of 26 rice genotypes cultivated for two consecutive agrarian vintages in the same open field and with the same water, but differently irrigated with continuous flooding, sprinkler or saturation. To do this, an original and validated ICP-MS method has been developed. The validation parameters accounted for a high sensitivity and accuracy. Sprinkler irrigation is able to reduce in the average of 90% the amount of total Se in kernels in comparison to values measured in rice irrigated with continuous flooding. In conclusion, different irrigation techniques and rice genotypes seem to be valuable tools in order to allow in the future the customized modulation of the Se concentration in rice grain according to the needs of the various populations.
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Khanam R, Kumar A, Nayak AK, Shahid M, Tripathi R, Vijayakumar S, Bhaduri D, Kumar U, Mohanty S, Panneerselvam P, Chatterjee D, Satapathy BS, Pathak H. Metal(loid)s (As, Hg, Se, Pb and Cd) in paddy soil: Bioavailability and potential risk to human health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134330. [PMID: 31522043 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rice is one of the principal staple foods, essential for safeguarding the global food and nutritional security, but due to different natural and anthropogenic sources, it also acts as one of the biggest reservoirs of potentially toxic metal(loids) like As, Hg, Se, Pb and Cd. This review summarizes mobilization, translocation and speciation mechanism of these metal(loids) in soil-plant continuum as well as available cost-effective remediation measures and future research needs to eliminate the long-term risk to human health. High concentrations of these elements not only cause toxicity problems in plants, but also in animals that consume them and gradual deposition of these elements leads to the risk of bioaccumulation. The extensive occurrence of contaminated rice grains globally poses substantial public health risk and merits immediate action. People living in hotspots of contamination are exposed to higher health risks, however, rice import/export among different countries make the problem of global concern. Accumulation of As, Hg, Se, Pb and Cd in rice grains can be reduced by reducing their bioavailability, and controlling their uptake by rice plants. The contaminated soils can be reclaimed by phytoremediation, bioremediation, chemical amendments and mechanical measures; however these methods are either too expensive and/or too slow. Integration of innovative agronomic practices like crop establishment methods and improved irrigation and nutrient management practices are important steps to help mitigate the accumulation in soil as well as plant parts. Adoption of transgenic techniques for development of rice cultivars with low accumulation in edible plant parts could be a realistic option that would permit rice cultivation in soils with high bioavailability of these metal(loid)s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Khanam
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Anjani Kumar
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - A K Nayak
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
| | - Md Shahid
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Rahul Tripathi
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - S Vijayakumar
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | - Upendra Kumar
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sangita Mohanty
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - P Panneerselvam
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | - B S Satapathy
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - H Pathak
- ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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Almayahi BA, Aljarrah N. Relationship between heavy metals and alpha particles as a marker of environmental pollution in rice consumed in Najaf, Iraq. Heliyon 2019; 6:e03134. [PMID: 31909285 PMCID: PMC6940646 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the emission of alpha particle rates (EAPR) and heavy metal concentrations (HMC) in the rice from Najaf markets. Nuclear Track Detectors and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, were used respectively. This study shows the pollution in the environment through AP and HM and also finds the relationship between AP and HM. The highest EAPR was found to be about 0.0249 mBq cm-2 in the basmati rice, whereas, the lowest EAPR (0.0092 mBq cm-2) was found in the Indian basmati rice. Highest Fe was found to be about 2.7237 mg/kg in basmati rice, while the lowest Fe (0.3997 mg/kg) was found in the USA basmati rice. Highest Cd was found to be about 0.0468 mg/kg in Iraqi Alnasryah rice, while the lowest Cd (0.0034 mg/kg) was found in Indian basmati rice. The most upper Pb was found to be about 0.2431 mg/kg in Babil Anbar Iraqi rice, while the lowest Pb (0.0695 mg/kg) was found in Indian basmati rice. Pb and Cd were lower than the FAO/WHO recommended limits (Pb, Cd: 0.50 mg/g) and the European Union acceptable dietary limits. In the combination of recent rice consumption data, an estimated weekly intake of toxic element was calculated for the Iraq population. A statistically significant correlation was found between EAPR and HMC in rice at the 0.05 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Almayahi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Naheda Aljarrah
- Department of Physics, College of Dentistry, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq
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Spanu A, Valente M, Langasco I, Barracu F, Orlandoni AM, Sanna G. Sprinkler irrigation is effective in reducing cadmium concentration in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain: A new twist on an old tale? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:1567-1581. [PMID: 30045574 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Spanu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola 1, I-07100 - Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 - Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Langasco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 - Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Barracu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola 1, I-07100 - Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Gavino Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 - Sassari, Italy.
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Xie PP, Deng JW, Zhang HM, Ma YH, Cao DJ, Ma RX, Liu RJ, Liu C, Liang YG. Effects of cadmium on bioaccumulation and biochemical stress response in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 122:392-398. [PMID: 26363148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of various Cd concentrations on the bioaccumulation, antioxidative defense, and stress responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The distribution characteristics of Cd in rice were in the following order: roots>stems>grains. The bioconcentration factor values of Cd increased at concentrations lower than 3.00 mg Cd/kg and approximately decreased to a constant value at concentrations higher than 3.00 mg Cd/kg. Rice showed a higher Cd accumulation potential at low Cd concentrations than at high Cd concentrations. The Freundlich isotherm model described well the adsorption isotherms of Cd in rice roots. The biosorption mechanism of rice roots was determined to be cooperative adsorption. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased at a concentration range of 0.00-5.00 mg/L, indicating the enhancement of lipid peroxidation. By contrast, the MDA content slightly decreased at concentrations higher than 5.00 mg/L. Peroxidase (POD) activity exhibited active response to oxidative stress at concentrations lower than 5.00 mg/L but was inhibited at concentrations higher than 5.00 mg/L. The response to Cd stress of the N-H, O-H and C-O functional groups in rice shoots was observed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-pan Xie
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan-wei Deng
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-min Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - You-hua Ma
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - De-ju Cao
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ru-xiao Ma
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-jing Liu
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-gan Liang
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
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Biomonitoring of mercury, cadmium, and lead exposure in Japanese children: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2014; 20:18-27. [PMID: 25293698 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-014-0416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure current Hg, Cd, and Pb exposure in Japanese children, and to estimate dietary intakes of foods responsible for high body burden. METHODS Blood, hair, and urine samples were collected from 9 to 10-year-old 229 children in Asahikawa and measured for Hg, Cd, and Pb in these matrices. Diet history questionnaire was used to estimate intake of marine foods and other food items. Hg level was measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Cd and Pb levels were determined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS Geometric mean (GM) of blood Hg, Cd, and Pb was 4.55 μg/L, 0.34 μg/L, and 0.96 μg/dL, respectively. Urinary Cd level was 0.34 μg/g creatinine (GM) and hair Hg was 1.31 μg/g (GM). Approximately one-third (35%) of blood samples had Hg level above the U.S. EPA reference dose (RfD; 5.8 μg/L). Hair Hg level exceeded U.S. EPA RfD (1.2 μg/g) in 59 % samples. Children in the upper quartile of blood Hg level had significantly higher intake of large predatory fish species compared to those in the lower quartile of blood Hg. CONCLUSIONS Those with high blood Hg level may be explained by more frequent intake of big predatory fish. Cd and Pb exposure is generally low among Japanese children. As no safety margin exists for Pb exposure and high exposure to MeHg is noted in Japanese population; periodic biomonitoring and potential health risk assessment should continue in high-risk populations, notably among children.
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Rahbar MH, Samms-Vaughan M, Dickerson AS, Loveland KA, Ardjomand-Hessabi M, Bressler J, Lee M, Shakespeare-Pellington S, Grove ML, Pearson DA, Boerwinkle E. Role of fruits, grains, and seafood consumption in blood cadmium concentrations of Jamaican children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2014; 8:1134-1145. [PMID: 25089152 PMCID: PMC4114722 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to cadmium has adverse effects on the nervous system. Utilizing data from 110 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs (220 children) ages 2-8 years in Kingston, Jamaica, we compared the 75th percentile of blood cadmium concentrations in children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In both univariable and multivariable Quantile Regression Models that controlled for potential confounding factors, we did not find any significant differences between ASD cases and typically developing (TD) controls with respect to the 75th percentile of blood cadmium concentrations, (P > 0.22). However, we found a significantly higher 75th percentile of blood cadmium concentrations in TD Jamaican children who consumed shellfish (lobsters, crabs) (P <0.05), fried plantain (P <0.01), and boiled dumpling (P <0.01). We also observed that children living in Jamaica have an arithmetic mean blood cadmium concentration of 0.16μg/L which is similar to that of the children in developed countries and much lower than that of children in developing countries. Although our results do not support an association between blood cadmium concentrations and ASD, to our knowledge, this study is the first to report levels of blood cadmium in TD children as well as those with ASD in Jamaica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Rahbar
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, and Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Maureen Samms-Vaughan
- Department of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Aisha S. Dickerson
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Katherine A. Loveland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Manouchehr Ardjomand-Hessabi
- Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - MinJae Lee
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Megan L. Grove
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Deborah A. Pearson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Yang LS, Zhang XW, Li YH, Li HR, Wang Y, Wang WY. Bioaccessibility and risk assessment of cadmium from uncooked rice using an in vitro digestion model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 145:81-6. [PMID: 21805099 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd)-contaminated rice is one of the most important sources of cadmium exposure in the general population from some Asian countries. This study was conducted to assess cadmium exposure from uncooked rice in rural mining areas based on the bioaccessible fraction of cadmium using an in vitro digestion model. The biotoxic effects of cadmium in uncooked rice from mining areas were much higher than those in the control area, based not only on their higher total concentration (52.49 vs. 7.93 μg kg(-1)), but also on their higher bioaccessibility (16.94% vs. 2.38%). In the mining areas, the bioaccessible fraction of cadmium in uncooked rice has a significant positive correlation with the total concentration of cadmium in rice and there was quarterly unsafe rice to the public in the mining areas. The results indicated that the in vitro digestion model could be a useful and economical tool for providing the solubilization or bioaccessibility of uncooked rice in the mining area. The results could be helpful in conducting future experiments of cooked rice in the vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Sheng Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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14
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Ishikawa S, Suzui N, Ito-Tanabata S, Ishii S, Igura M, Abe T, Kuramata M, Kawachi N, Fujimaki S. Real-time imaging and analysis of differences in cadmium dynamics in rice cultivars (Oryza sativa) using positron-emitting 107Cd tracer. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 11:172. [PMID: 22123026 PMCID: PMC3247196 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-11-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice is a major source of dietary intake of cadmium (Cd) for populations that consume rice as a staple food. Understanding how Cd is transported into grains through the whole plant body is necessary for reducing rice Cd concentrations to the lowest levels possible, to reduce the associated health risks. In this study, we have visualized and quantitatively analysed the real-time Cd dynamics from roots to grains in typical rice cultivars that differed in grain Cd concentrations. We used positron-emitting 107Cd tracer and an innovative imaging technique, the positron-emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS). In particular, a new method for direct and real-time visualization of the Cd uptake by the roots in the culture was first realized in this work. RESULTS Imaging and quantitative analyses revealed the different patterns in time-varying curves of Cd amounts in the roots of rice cultivars tested. Three low-Cd accumulating cultivars (japonica type) showed rapid saturation curves, whereas three high-Cd accumulating cultivars (indica type) were characterized by curves with a peak within 30 min after 107Cd supplementation, and a subsequent steep decrease resulting in maintenance of lower Cd concentrations in their roots. This difference in Cd dynamics may be attributable to OsHMA3 transporter protein, which was recently shown to be involved in Cd storage in root vacuoles and not functional in the high-Cd accumulating cultivars. Moreover, the PETIS analyses revealed that the high-Cd accumulating cultivars were characterized by rapid and abundant Cd transfer to the shoots from the roots, a faster transport velocity of Cd to the panicles, and Cd accumulation at high levels in their panicles, passing through the nodal portions of the stems where the highest Cd intensities were observed. CONCLUSIONS This is the first successful visualization and quantification of the differences in whole-body Cd transport from the roots to the grains of intact plants within rice cultivars that differ in grain Cd concentrations, by using PETIS, a real-time imaging method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Ishikawa
- Soil Environment Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzui
- Radiotracer Imaging Group, Medical and Biotechnological Application Division, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Watanuki 1233 Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ito-Tanabata
- Radiotracer Imaging Group, Medical and Biotechnological Application Division, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Watanuki 1233 Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
- Agricultural Research Institute, Ibaraki Agricultural Center, Kamikuniicho 3402, Mito, Ibaraki 311-4203, Japan
| | - Satomi Ishii
- Radiotracer Imaging Group, Medical and Biotechnological Application Division, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Watanuki 1233 Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Masato Igura
- Soil Environment Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Tadashi Abe
- Soil Environment Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Masato Kuramata
- Soil Environment Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawachi
- Radiotracer Imaging Group, Medical and Biotechnological Application Division, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Watanuki 1233 Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Shu Fujimaki
- Radiotracer Imaging Group, Medical and Biotechnological Application Division, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Watanuki 1233 Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
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15
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Jalloh MA, Chen J, Zhen F, Zhang G. Effect of different N fertilizer forms on antioxidant capacity and grain yield of rice growing under Cd stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 162:1081-5. [PMID: 18603363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium contamination in soil has become a serious issue in sustainable agriculture production and food safety. A pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of four N fertilizer forms on grain yield, Cd concentration in plant tissues and oxidative stress under two Cd levels (0 and 100 mg Cd kg(-1)soil). The results showed that both N form and Cd stress affected grain yield, with urea-N and NH(4)(+)-N treatments having significantly higher grain yields, and Cd addition reducing yield. NO(3)(-)-N and NH(4)(+)-N treated plants had the highest and lowest Cd concentration in plant tissues, respectively. Urea-N and NH(4)(+)-N treatments had significantly higher N accumulation in plant tissues than other two N treatments. Cd addition caused a significant increase in leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities for all N treatments, except for NO(3)(-)-N treatment, with urea-N and NH(4)(+)-N treated plants having more increase than organic-N treated ones. The results indicated that growth inhibition, yield reduction and Cd uptake of rice plants in response to Cd addition varied with the N fertilizer form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alpha Jalloh
- Department of Agronomy, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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16
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Shentu J, He Z, Yang XE, Li T. Accumulation properties of cadmium in a selected vegetable-rotation system of southeastern China. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6382-6388. [PMID: 18593175 DOI: 10.1021/jf800882q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A rotation experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with three vegetable crops on red yellowish soil (RYS) and silt loamy soil (SLS) to study Cd accumulation in pak choi ( Brassica chinensis L.), tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum), and radish ( Raphanus sativus L.). Critical Cd concentrations in the two soils were evaluated for these vegetables based on human dietary toxicity. Cadmium was added as Cd(NO 3) 2 at a rate of 0-7.00 mg Cd kg (-1) soil. Shoot growth was not inhibited by Cd except for radish grown on RYS. A small amount of Cd stimulated growth of the vegetables. Cadmium concentration in edible parts of the vegetables generally increased with Cd concentration in soils but was higher in RYS than SLS. The distribution of Cd in pak choi and tomato decreased in the order root > shoot > fruit, but the order was shoot > root for radish. When Cd content in the edible parts reached maximum contaminant levels for safety food standards, the soil total Cd concentrations were 0.327 and 0.120 mg kg (-1) in RYS and 0.456 and 0.368 mg kg (-1) in SLS for pak choi stem and radish, respectively, whereas ammonium acetate-extractable Cd was 0.066 and 0.089 mg kg (-1) in RYS and 0.116 and 0.092 mg kg (-1) in SLS for pak choi leaf and tomato, respectively, based on food safety standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Shentu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Min KS, Ueda H, Kihara T, Tanaka K. Increased hepatic accumulation of ingested Cd is associated with upregulation of several intestinal transporters in mice fed diets deficient in essential metals. Toxicol Sci 2008; 106:284-9. [PMID: 18648087 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential metals (EMs) can affect the metabolism of nonessential metals. It has been suggested that Fe deficiency increases intestinal absorption of Cd via divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). To investigate whether EM nutritional status is a host risk factor for Cd accumulation, we studied the effect of nutritional status of Ca, Cu, Mg, Zn, and Fe that most often ingested by humans at levels below recommended dietary allowances on tissue accumulation of orally administered Cd. Mice were divided into groups and given different EM-deficient (EMDF) diets (CaDF, CuDF, MgDF, ZnDF, or FeDF) for 4 weeks. EMDF mice had significantly (p < 0.05) lower plasma or hepatic concentrations of the deficient EM than did mice receiving control diets. Hepatic Cd accumulation was significantly (p < 0.05) increased after oral Cd administration in all EMDF mice, but not in any EM-supplemented mice. Intestinal expression of mRNAs for the Fe-transporters DMT1 and ferroportin was increased in FeDF mice, but not in other EMDF mice, causing an increase in hepatic Fe concentration. Similarly, intestinal expression of mRNA for calcium transporter 1 was significantly increased in CaDF mice, but not in other EMDF mice. These results suggest that DMT1 is not the sole transporter of Cd, and that Cd is absorbed and accumulated through multiple pathways that maintain EM homeostasis in EMDF condition. Therefore, EM nutritional status is a risk factor for increasing hepatic accumulation of ingested Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong-Son Min
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Tondabayashi, Osaka 584-8540, Japan.
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18
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Zhai L, Liao X, Chen T, Yan X, Xie H, Wu B, Wang L. Regional assessment of cadmium pollution in agricultural lands and the potential health risk related to intensive mining activities: a case study in Chenzhou City, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2008; 20:696-703. [PMID: 18763564 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)62115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soil and its potential risk for people. Soils, rice, and vegetables from Chenzhou City, Southern China were sampled and analyzed. In the surface soils, the 95% confidence interval for the mean concentration of Cd varied between 2.72 and 4.83 mg/kg (P < 0.05) in the survey, with a geometric mean concentration of 1.45 mg/kg. Based on the GIS map, two hot spot areas of Cd in agricultural soils with high Cd concentrations were identified to be located around the Shizhuyuan, Jinshiling, and Yaogangxian mines, and the Baoshan and Huangshaping mines, in the center of the city. About 60% of the total investigated area, where the agricultural soil Cd concentration is above 1 mg/kg, is distributed in a central belt across the region. The critical distances, at which the soil Cd concentration were increased by the mining activities, from the mines of the soils were 23 km for the Baoshan mine, 46 km for the Huangshaping mine, and 63 km for the Shizhuyuan mine, respectively. These are distances calculated from models. The Cd concentrations in rice samples ranged from 0.01 to 4.43 mg/kg and the mean dietary Cd intake from rice for an adult was 191 microg/d. Results of risk indexes showed that soil Cd concentrations possessed risks to local residents whose intake of Cd from rice and vegetables grown in soils in the vicinity of the mine was 596 microg/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Zhai
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China.
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19
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Makino T, Kamiya T, Takano H, Itou T, Sekiya N, Sasaki K, Maejima Y, Sugahara K. Remediation of cadmium-contaminated paddy soils by washing with calcium chloride: verification of on-site washing. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 147:112-9. [PMID: 17141928 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Revised: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new, three-step soil-wash method to remediate Cd-contaminated paddy fields. The method comprises (1) chemically washing the field soil with a CaCl2 solution; (2) washing the treated soil with water to eliminate residual Cd and CaCl2; and (3) on-site treatment of wastewater using a portable wastewater treatment system. Cd concentrations in the treated water were below Japan's environmental quality standard (0.01 mg Cd L-1), and the removal of Cd from the exchangeable fraction was 55% and from the acid-soluble fraction 15%. While soil fertility properties were affected by the soil washing, adverse effects were not crucial and could be corrected. The washing had no affect on rice growth, and reduced the average Cd concentration in rice grains by about two-thirds compared to a control plot. These results confirmed the effectiveness of the soil-wash method in remediating Cd-contaminated paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Makino
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
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20
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de Vries W, Römkens PFAM, Schütze G. Critical soil concentrations of cadmium, lead, and mercury in view of health effects on humans and animals. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2007; 191:91-130. [PMID: 17708073 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-69163-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of the risk of elevated soil metal concentrations requires appropriate critical limits for metal concentrations in soil in view of ecological and human toxicological risks. This chapter presents an overview of methodologies to derive critical total metal concentrations in soils for Cd, Pb, and Hg as relevant to health effects on animals and humans, taking into account the effect of soil properties. The approach is based on the use of nonlinear relationships for metals in soil, soil solution, plants, and soil invertebrates, including soil properties that affect metal availability in soil. Results indicate that the impact of soil properties on critical soil metal concentrations is mainly relevant for Cd because of significant soil-plant, soil-solution, and soil-worm relationships. Critical Cd levels in soil thus derived are sometimes lower than those related to ecotoxicological impacts on soil organisms/processes and plants, which is especially true for critical soil Cd concentrations in view of food quality criteria for wheat, drinking water quality, and acceptable daily intakes of worm-eating birds and mammals. There are, however, large uncertainties involved in the derivation from assumptions made in the calculation and uncertainties in acceptable daily intakes and in relationships for Cd in soil, soil solution, plants, and soil invertebrates. Despite these uncertainties, the analyses indicate that present Cd concentrations in parts of the rural areas are in excess of the critical levels at which effects in both agricultural and nonagricultural systems can occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim de Vries
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalse steeg 4, Atlas 104, P.O. Box 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Yu H, Wang J, Fang W, Yuan J, Yang Z. Cadmium accumulation in different rice cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars of rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2006; 370:302-9. [PMID: 16870236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Revised: 06/03/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Large areas of contaminated land are being used for agricultural production in some countries due to the high demand for food. To minimize the influx of pollutants to the human food chain through consumption of agricultural products, we propose the concept of pollution-safe cultivars (PSCs), i.e. cultivars whose edible parts accumulate a specific pollutant at a level low enough for safe consumption, even when grown in contaminated soil. We tested the feasibility of the PSC concept by growing 43 cultivars of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L., including 20 normal and 23 hybrid cultivars) under a high (75.69-77.55 mg kg(-1)) and a low (1.75-1.85 mg kg(-1)) cadmium (Cd) exposure. These pot experiments took place in the spring and summer of 2004. At the low level of Cd exposure, 30 out of the 43 tested cultivars were found to be Cd-PSCs. Grain Cd concentrations were highly correlated (p<0.01) between the two experiments, suggesting that Cd accumulation in rice grain is genotype-dependent and that the selection of PSCs is possible, at least at a certain level of soil contamination. No Cd-PSCs were found under the high level of Cd exposure. Yield was enhanced in some cultivars and depressed in others in response to elevated soil Cd, indicating that farmers cannot rely on yield depression as an indicator of toxicity of the grains. It is therefore important and feasible to screen for PSCs and to establish PSC breeding programs to effectively and efficiently reduce the risk of human exposure to soil pollutants, such as Cd, through crop consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, also School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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22
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Ye QY, Li Y, Jiang Y, Yan XP. Determination of trace cadmium in rice by flow injection on-line filterless precipitation-dissolution preconcentration coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:2111-2114. [PMID: 12670143 DOI: 10.1021/jf025945+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A simple, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sensitive method was developed for the determination of trace cadmium in rice by flow injection (FI) on-line precipitation preconcentration coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The precipitation preconcentration of trace cadmium was achieved by on-line merging of the sample and ammonia solutions. The resultant precipitates were on-line collected by a knotted reactor (KR) without filtration. A solution of 1 mol L(-1) HNO(3) was employed to dissolve the collected precipitates and to deliver the analyte into the FAAS system for on-line detection. Preconcentration at a sample loading flow rate of 3.8 mL min(-1) for 35 s gave an enhancement factor of 44 and a detection limit (3sigma) of 0.002 microg g(-1) for the solid sample with a sample throughput of 72 h(-1). The precision (RSD, n = 11) was 2.0% at the 4.0 microg L(-1) level. The concentration of cadmium in a certified reference material (GBW 08511, rice flour) by the developed method using simple aqueous standards for calibration was in good agreement with the certified value. The proposed method was also successfully applied to the determination of trace cadmium in locally collected rice samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yun Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou College, Linhai 317000, China
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23
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Nomiyama T, Kikuchi Y, Kumagai N, Dekio F, Uemura T, Hosoda K, Sakurai H, Omae K. Short‐term Changes in Cadmium in Feces, Blood and Urine after Dietary Cadmium Intake in Young Japanese Females. J Occup Health 2003. [DOI: 10.1539/joh.44.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Nomiyama
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Preventive MedicineSchool of Medicine, Shinshu University
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Yuriko Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Nami Kumagai
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Fumiko Dekio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Takamoto Uemura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Kanae Hosoda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Haruhiko Sakurai
- Occupational Health Research and Development CenterJapan Industrial Safety and Health AssociationJapan
| | - Kazuyuki Omae
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio University
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24
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Kikuchi Y, Nomiyama T, Kumagai N, Uemura T, Omae K. Cadmium Concentration in Current Japanese Foods and Beverages. J Occup Health 2002. [DOI: 10.1539/joh.44.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio UniversityJapan
| | - Tetsuo Nomiyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio UniversityJapan
| | - Nami Kumagai
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio UniversityJapan
| | - Takamoto Uemura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio UniversityJapan
| | - Kazuyuki Omae
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of Medicine, Keio UniversityJapan
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25
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Abstract
The copper content in carrots cultivated in the Japanese archipelago was assessed and compared by area and soil type. 373 carrot samples were collected from 232 cities, towns and villages. According to geographical features and vegetation, the sampling sites were divided into 9 provinces and 7 soil types. Copper was measured by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. There was a significant difference in the mean values of copper in carrots by provinces, but not by soil type. Although the content of copper in the soil was different among soil types, the difference did not influence the content of copper in the carrots. The authors speculate that the low solubility of copper in the soil and the low intake into plant roots from the soil are related to this soil-plant discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kawada
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
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