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Komai M, Takeno D, Fujii C, Nakano J, Ohsaki Y, Shirakawa H. Nailfold Capillaroscopy: A Comprehensive Review on Its Usefulness in Both Clinical Diagnosis and Improving Unhealthy Dietary Lifestyles. Nutrients 2024; 16:1914. [PMID: 38931269 PMCID: PMC11206784 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, the utility of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) in diagnosing rheumatological disorders such as systemic sclerosis has been well established. Further studies have also shown that NFC can detect non-rheumatic diseases such as diabetes, glaucoma, dermatitis, and Alzheimer disease. In the past decade, nailfold capillary morphological changes have also been reported as symptoms of unhealthy lifestyle habits such as poor diet, smoking, sleep deprivation, and even psychological stress, all of which contribute to slow blood flow. Therefore, studying the relationships between the morphology of nailfold capillaries and lifestyle habits has a high potential to indicate unhealthy states or even pre-disease conditions. Simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive methods such as NFC are important and useful for routine medical examinations. The present study began with a systematic literature search of the PubMed database followed by a summary of studies reporting the assessment of morphological changes detected by NFC, and a comprehensive review of NFC's utility in clinical diagnosis and improving unhealthy dietary lifestyles. It culminates in a summary of dietary and lifestyle health promotion strategy, assessed based on NFC and other related measurements that indicate healthy microvascular blood flow and endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.O.); (H.S.)
| | - Dan Takeno
- At Co., Ltd., Osaka 541-0042, Japan; (D.T.); (C.F.); (J.N.)
| | - Chiharu Fujii
- At Co., Ltd., Osaka 541-0042, Japan; (D.T.); (C.F.); (J.N.)
| | - Joe Nakano
- At Co., Ltd., Osaka 541-0042, Japan; (D.T.); (C.F.); (J.N.)
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.O.); (H.S.)
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.O.); (H.S.)
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Price RS. Exploring what progress is being made in the development of health promotion material for vascular dementia: A systematic review of the evidence. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:184-194. [PMID: 37287679 PMCID: PMC10242248 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A systematic review conducted by Price and Keady (Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness, 2, 88 and 2010) demonstrated that there was a dearth of health-promoting literature available for people diagnosed with vascular dementia. The correlation between health behavior and the onset of cardiovascular change that can lead to vascular dementia had demonstrated a need for health education and health-promoting information to be made accessible to vulnerable populations to ameliorate the risk of cognitive decline because of cardiovascular disease. Dementia is a progressive and life-limiting condition and with limited treatment options and a lack of progress in identifying a way to delay onset or even cure the condition. Focus must be targeted towards risk reduction strategies that serve to reduce onset and decline and limit the global burden on not only the individual with the condition and their carers but also to the health and social care economy. To identify the progress that has been made in developing health-promoting literature and patient education guidance since 2010 a systematic literature review was undertaken. Using thematic analysis, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and psych INFO databases were accessed and following PRISMA guidelines an inclusion and exclusion criteria was developed in order to locate peer-reviewed articles. Titles and abstracts were reviewed to identify a match with key terms, and from 133 screened abstracts eight studies met the inclusion requirements. From the eight studies, thematic analysis was implemented to identify shared understanding of experiences relating to health promotion in vascular dementia. The methodology for the study was replicated from the authors' previous systematic review in 2010. Five key themes were identified in the literature (Healthy heart healthy brain; Risk factors; Risk reduction/modification; Interventions; Absence of targeted health promotion). From what little evidence was available to review the thematic analysis has demonstrated developments in knowledge into the link between the onset of cognitive impairment and vascular dementia because of compromised cardiovascular health. Modifying health behavior has become essential in ameliorating the risk of vascular cognitive decline. With these developments the synthesis of the literature demonstrates that even with these insights there continues to be a lack of targeted material that individuals can access to understand the link between cardiovascular health and cognitive decline. It is recognized that maximizing cardiovascular health has the potential to lessen the risk of vascular cognitive impairment and vascular dementia developing and progressing yet targeted health promoting material remains lacking. With the developments in understanding the causal links between poor cardiovascular health, vascular cognitive impairment, and vascular dementia progress now needs to be made in developing targeted health promotion material for individuals to access to share this knowledge to reduce the potential onset and subsequent burden of dementia.
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Hu HY, Zhang YR, Aerqin Q, Ou YN, Wang ZT, Cheng W, Feng JF, Tan L, Yu JT. Association between multimorbidity status and incident dementia: a prospective cohort study of 245,483 participants. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:505. [PMID: 36476644 PMCID: PMC9729184 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimorbidity (the presence of two or more long-term conditions [LTCs]) was suggested to exacerbate the neuronal injuries. The impact of multimorbidity on dementia has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the association between multimorbidity and dementia risk. We used the prospective data from 245,483 UK Biobank participants during a 9-year follow-up. Multimorbidity status was evaluated based on the LTC counts and multimorbidity patterns. Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to examine the associations of multimorbidity status with all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). Participants with multimorbidity at baseline had higher risks of ACD and VD, and the risks were elevated with the increase of LTC counts (ACD: hazard ratios [HR] = 1.15, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.01-1.31 with 2 LTCs; HR = 1.18, CI = 1.01-1.39 with 3 LTCs; HR = 1.65, CI = 1.44-1.88 with ≥4 LTCs; VD: HR = 1. 66, CI = 1.24-2.21 with 2 LTCs; HR = 2.10, CI = 1.53-2.88 with 3 LTCs; HR = 3.17, CI = 2.43-4.13 with ≥4 LTCs). Participants with ≥4 LTCs also had a higher risk of AD (HR = 1.34, CI = 1.08-1.66]. Participants with the cardio-cerebrovascular/respiratory/metabolic/musculoskeletal/depressive multimorbidity were 1.46, 1.28, and 2.50 times more likely to develop ACD (HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.28-1.67), AD (HR = 1.28, CI = 1.04-1.58), and VD (HR = 2.50, CI = 1.90-3.27), respectively. Those with tumor/genitourinary/digestive disorders had a 11% higher hazard of ACD (HR = 1.11, CI = 1.00-1.24) and a 73% elevated risk of VD (HR = 1.73, CI = 1.37-2.18). The prevention of LTC accumulation and the identification of specific multimorbidity patterns might be beneficial to the prevention of dementia and its subtypes, AD as well as VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ying Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaolifan Aerqin
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Nan Ou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zuo-Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- The Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,The Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Grande G, Marengoni A, Vetrano DL, Roso-Llorach A, Rizzuto D, Zucchelli A, Qiu C, Fratiglioni L, Calderón-Larrañaga A. Multimorbidity burden and dementia risk in older adults: The role of inflammation and genetics. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:768-776. [PMID: 33403740 PMCID: PMC8247430 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction We investigate dementia risk in older adults with different disease patterns and explore the role of inflammation and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. Methods A total of 2,478 dementia‐free participants with two or more chronic diseases (ie, multimorbidity) part of the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC‐K) were grouped according to their multimorbidity patterns and followed to detect clinical dementia. The potential modifier effect of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype was tested through stratified analyses. Results People with neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and sensory impairment/cancer multimorbidity had increased hazards for dementia compared to the unspecific (Hazard ration (HR) 1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13‐2.42; 1.61, 95% CI 1.17‐2.29; 1.32, 95% CI 1.10‐1.71, respectively). Despite the lack of statistically significant interaction, high CRP increased dementia risk within these patterns, and being APOE ε4 carriers heightened dementia risk for neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular multimorbidity. Discussion Individuals with neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and sensory impairment/cancer patterns are at increased risk for dementia and APOE ε4, and inflammation may further increase the risk. Identifying such high‐risk groups might allow tailored interventions for dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Grande
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Marengoni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centro di Medicina dell'Invecchiamento, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico "A. Gemelli" and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Albert Roso-Llorach
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Zucchelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Niedziela N, Nowak MM, Lis M, Blaszkowska M, Kośmider R, Adamczyk-Sowa M. Atrial fibrillation as an important clinical condition of cognitive decline; diagnosis, comorbidities and severity of symptoms in patients with dementia. Neurol Res 2020; 42:430-438. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1738648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Niedziela
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Magdalena Nowak
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Martyna Lis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Blaszkowska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Rozalia Kośmider
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
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Potashkin J, Huang X, Becker C, Chen H, Foltynie T, Marras C. Understanding the links between cardiovascular disease and Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2020; 35:55-74. [PMID: 31483535 PMCID: PMC6981000 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies investigating the associations between genetic or environmental factors and Parkinson's disease (PD) have uncovered a number of factors shared with cardiovascular disease, either as risk factors or manifestations of cardiovascular disease itself. Older age, male sex, and possibly type 2 diabetes are examples. On the other hand, coffee consumption and physical activity are each associated with a lower risk of both PD and cardiovascular disease. This observation raises questions about the underlying pathophysiological links between cardiovascular disease and PD. There is evidence for common mechanisms in the areas of glucose metabolism, cellular stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. On the other hand, smoking and total/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol appear to have opposite associations with cardiovascular disease and PD. Thus, it is uncertain whether the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors will impact on the onset or progression of PD. The available data suggest that a nuanced approach is necessary to manage risk factors such as cholesterol levels once the associations are better understood. Ultimately, the choice of therapy may be tailored to a patient's comorbidity profile. This review presents the epidemiological evidence for both concordant and discordant associations between cardiovascular disease and PD, discusses the cellular and metabolic processes that may underlie these links, and explores the implications this has for patient care and future research. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Potashkin
- The Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Department, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Translational Brain Research Center and Department of Neurology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claudia Becker
- Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Department of Clinical & Movement Neurosciences, University College London Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Connie Marras
- The Edmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's Research, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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The Effects of Flavonoids on Cardiovascular Health: A Review of Human Intervention Trials and Implications for Cerebrovascular Function. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121852. [PMID: 30513729 PMCID: PMC6315948 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has suggested a number of beneficial effects arising from the consumption of dietary flavonoids, found in foods such as cocoa, apples, tea, citrus fruits and berries on cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction. These effects are thought to have a significant impact upon both vascular and cerebrovascular health, ultimately with the potential to prevent cardiovascular and potentially neurodegenerative disease with a vascular component, for example vascular dementia. This review explores the current evidence for the effects of flavonoid supplementation on human endothelial function and both peripheral and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Evidence presented includes their potential to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, as well as increasing peripheral blood perfusion and promoting CBF in both healthy and at-risk populations. However, there is great variation in the literature due to the heterogeneous nature of the randomised controlled trials conducted. As such, there is a clear need for further research and understanding within this area in order to maximise potential health benefits.
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