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Xie Q, Hong W, Li Y, Ling S, Zhou Z, Dai Y, Wu W, Weng R, Zhong Z, Tan J, Zheng Y. Chitosan oligosaccharide improves ovarian granulosa cells inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1086232. [PMID: 36936973 PMCID: PMC10016348 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1086232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, which is one of the main causes of anovulatory infertility. Even though the rapidly developed assisted reproductive technology (ART) could effectively solve fertility problems, some PCOS patients still have not obtained satisfactory clinical outcomes. The poor quality of oocytes caused by the abnormal follicular development of PCOS may directly contribute to the failure of ART treatment. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are the most closely related cells to oocytes, and changes in their functional status have a direct impact on oocyte formation. Previous studies have shown that changes in the ovarian microenvironment, like oxidative stress and inflammation, may cause PCOS-related aberrant follicular development by impairing the physiological state of the GCs. Therefore, optimizing the ovarian microenvironment is a feasible method for enhancing the development potential of PCOS oocytes. Methods In this study, we first detected the expression of inflammatory-related factors (TGF-β1, IL-10, TNFα, IL-6) and oxidative stress-related factors (HIF-1α and VEGFA), as well as the proliferation ability and apoptosis level of GCs, which were collected from control patients (non-PCOS) and PCOS patients, respectively. Subsequently, human ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN) cells were used to verify the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on GCs, as well as to investigate the optimal culture time and concentration of COS. The optimal culture conditions were then used to culture GCs from PCOS patients and control patients. Results The results showed that GCs from PCOS patients exhibited obvious inflammation and oxidative stress and significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, COS can increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (TGF-β1 and IL-10) and decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (TNFα and IL-6), as well as promote the proliferation of GCs. Moreover, we found that COS can reduce the level of reactive oxygen species in GCs under oxidative stress by inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α and VEGFA and by suppressing the apoptosis of GCs induced by oxidative stress. Conclusion We find that inflammation and oxidative stress exist in the GCs of PCOS patients, and COS can reduce these factors, thereby improving the function of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xie
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xinyu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xinyu, China
| | - Wenli Hong
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuyi Ling
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziqiong Zhou
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Dai
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruoxin Weng
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhisheng Zhong
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhisheng Zhong, ; Jun Tan, ; Yuehui Zheng,
| | - Jun Tan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhisheng Zhong, ; Jun Tan, ; Yuehui Zheng,
| | - Yuehui Zheng
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhisheng Zhong, ; Jun Tan, ; Yuehui Zheng,
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Dehghan Z, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Sameni M, Mirmotalebisohi SA, Zali H, Salehi M. Repurposing new drug candidates and identifying crucial molecules underlying PCOS Pathogenesis Based On Bioinformatics Analysis. Daru 2021; 29:353-366. [PMID: 34480296 PMCID: PMC8416576 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Polycystic ovary syndrome affects 7% of women of reproductive ages. Poor-quality oocytes, along with lower cleavage and implantation rates, reduce fertilization. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine crucial molecular mechanisms behind PCOS pathogenesis and repurpose new drug candidates interacting with them. To predict a more in-depth insight, we applied a novel bioinformatics approach to analyze interactions between the drug-related and PCOS proteins in PCOS patients. METHODS The newest proteomics data was retrieved from 16 proteomics datasets and was used to construct the PCOS PPI network using Cytoscape. The topological network analysis determined hubs and bottlenecks. The MCODE Plugin was used to identify highly connected regions, and the associations between PCOS clusters and drug-related proteins were evaluated using the Chi-squared/Fisher's exact test. The crucial PPI hub-bottlenecks and the shared molecules (between the PCOS clusters and drug-related proteins) were then investigated for their drug-protein interactions with previously US FDA-approved drugs to predict new drug candidates. RESULTS The PI3K/AKT pathway was significantly related to one PCOS subnetwork and most drugs (metformin, letrozole, pioglitazone, and spironolactone); moreover, VEGF, EGF, TGFB1, AGT, AMBP, and RBP4 were identified as the shared proteins between the PCOS subnetwork and the drugs. The shared top biochemical pathways between another PCOS subnetwork and rosiglitazone included metabolic pathways, carbon metabolism, and citrate cycle, while the shared proteins included HSPB1, HSPD1, ACO2, TALDO1, VDAC1, and MDH2. We proposed some new candidate medicines for further PCOS treatment investigations, such as copper and zinc compounds, reteplase, alteplase, gliclazide, Etc. CONCLUSION Some of the crucial molecules suggested by our model have already been experimentally reported as critical molecules in PCOS pathogenesis. Moreover, some repurposed medications have already shown beneficial effects on infertility treatment. These previous experimental reports confirm our suggestion for investigating our other repurposed drugs (in vitro and in vivo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Dehghan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Sameni
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Mirmotalebisohi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chaudhary H, Patel J, Jain NK, Joshi R. The role of polymorphism in various potential genes on polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility and pathogenesis. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:125. [PMID: 34563259 PMCID: PMC8466925 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathies affecting the early reproductive age in women, whose pathophysiology perplexes many researchers till today. This syndrome is classically categorized by hyperandrogenism and/or hyperandrogenemia, menstrual and ovulatory dysfunction, bulky multi follicular ovaries on Ultrasonography (USG), and metabolic abnormalities such as hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, obesity. The etiopathogenesis of PCOS is not fully elucidated, but it seems that the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis, ovarian, and/or adrenal androgen secretion may contribute to developing the syndrome. Infertility and poor reproductive health in women's lives are highly associated with elevated levels of androgens. Studies with ovarian theca cells taken from PCOS women have demonstrated increased androgen production due to augmented ovarian steroidogenesis attributed to mainly altered expression of critical enzymes (Cytochrome P450 enzymes: CYP17, CYP21, CYP19, CYP11A) in the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway. Despite the heterogeneity of PCOS, candidate gene studies are the widely used technique to delineate the genetic variants and analyze for the correlation of androgen biosynthesis pathway and those affecting the secretion or action of insulin with PCOS etiology. Linkage and association studies have predicted the relationship between genetic variants and PCOS risk among families or populations. Several genes have been proposed as playing a role in the etiopathogenesis of PCOS, and the presence of mutations and/or polymorphisms has been discovered, which suggests that PCOS has a vital heritable component. The following review summarizes the influence of polymorphisms in crucial genes of the steroidogenesis pathway leading to intraovarian hyperandrogenism which can result in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiral Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009 India
| | - Jalpa Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009 India
| | - Nayan K. Jain
- Department of Life Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009 India
| | - Rushikesh Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009 India
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Magnolia officinalis Ameliorates Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Rats. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.106447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive and metabolic disorder. Insulin resistance (IR) is highly associated with PCOS and aggravates its symptoms. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), as insulin sensitizing agents, are PPARγ agonists that improve many of the symptoms of PCOS. The Magnolia officinalis extract (MOE) is a natural peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist that improves insulin sensitivity in experimental models. Objectives: Using a dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced rat model of PCOS and IR, this study aimed to explore both the potential beneficial effects and the molecular mechanisms of action of MOE. Methods: Post-pubertal female Sprague Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected daily with DHEA (6 mg/100 g body weight) dissolved in sesame oil for 28 days (n = 30). Age- and weight-matched control rats received only sesame oil (n = 12). Afterward, 16 of the DHEA-injected rats, along with five control rats, were sacrificed for blood and tissue collection. The 14 remaining DHEA-injected rats received either treatment of 30 days of oral MOE (500 mg/kg) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (n = 7), or oral DMSO only (n = 7). Meanwhile, the remaining control rats (n = 7) continued to receive daily oral DMSO for 30 days. At the end of the treatments, the rats were sacrificed for blood and tissue collection. Results: After 28 days, the DHEA-treated rats exhibited an increase in body weight as compared to controls (P < 0.05). DHEA injection induced a PCOS phenotype as evident by a statistically significant (P < 0.05) elevated serum luteinizing hormone (LH), and an increased number of cystically dilated follicles with thicker granulosa compared to controls. PCOS rats showed a statistically significant rise in fasting insulin with an increased homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as compared to controls (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, PCOS rats had a statistically significant lower ovarian protein expression of PPARγ, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and protein kinase B (Akt) by Western Blot (P < 0.05). Conversely, the PCOS group showed an increased mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway activity as evident by an increase in the fraction of phosphorylated mTOR to total mTOR compared to the control group (P < 0.05). When treated for 30 days with oral MOE (500 mg/kg), the PCOS rats showed a statistically significant decrease in body weight and serum LH levels as compared to the non-treated PCOS rats (P < 0.05). The number of cystically dilated follicles in the MOE-treated PCOS rats was significantly reduced compared to the non-treated PCOS rats. In the MOE-treated PCOS rats, the ovarian protein expression of PPARγ, IRS1, and Akt was significantly increased, while the p-mTOR/mTOR expression was decreased compared to the non-treated PCOS group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to our results, the MOE ameliorated the DHEA-induced PCOS phenotype histologically, hormonally, and metabolically. Fundamentally, this explores the elusive pathophysiologic association between IR and PCOS by targeting pathways common to both disorders.
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Mahdavinezhad F, Gharaei R, Farmani AR, Hashemi F, Kouhestani M, Amidi F. The Potential Relationship Between Different Human Female Reproductive Disorders and Sperm Quality in Female Genital Tract. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:695-710. [PMID: 33852138 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Spermatozoa should travel throughout the female reproductive tract to reach its ultimate goal, fertilization of the oocyte. At the ejaculation moment, millions of sperm within a few milliliters of the ejaculate are deposited at the cranial segment of vagina and make their journey to the fertilization site. This is done by means of various factors, such as sperm motility, the uterine and fallopian tubes contractility, and the ciliary movement of the lining cells. During this migration, spermatozoa interact with the female microenvironment both physically and molecularly. In this regard, the quality of the environmental conditions may affect this interaction. Therefore, some alterations in women's genital tract microenvironment, such as conditions that occur in female reproductive disorders, may have detrimental effects on sperm reproductive function. In this review, human sperm migration through the female tract is described, and the potential effects of different reproductive disorders at reproductive organs, such as vagina, uterine cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovary on sperm survival and quality, are also argued. The understanding of those conditions that may impair sperm fertility in the female genital tract can provide a more accurate diagnosis of the causes of infertility in couples. This can ultimately lead to the discovery of effective treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Mahdavinezhad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghaye Gharaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Farmani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Hashemi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kouhestani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Retinoic acid and fibroblast growth factor-2 play a key role on modulation of sex hormones and apoptosis in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome induced by estradiol valerate. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 59:882-890. [PMID: 33218406 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main goal of the present study is to investigate the effects of retinoic acid and fibroblast growth factor-2 on serum levels of FSH and LH, histology, and apoptosis in the mouse model of Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS 80 female NMRI mice have been randomly divided into eight groups. Group 1 received normal saline as a control, and Group 2 received estradiol valerate (EV) at 4 mg/100 g of body weight. Moreover, Groups 3-4 were administered with RA (a dose of 0.05 μg/μl) and FGF2 (a dose of 0.01 μg/kg), respectively. Groups 5 and 6 respectively received the EV plus the RA (0.05 μg/μl) and FGF2 (0.01 μg/kg). Group 7 received the RA and FGF2 at doses corresponding to healthy mice, and Group 8 received the EV plus the RA + FGF2 (similar to previous doses). RA and FGF2 were injected three times per week for four weeks. Finally, histological and immunohistological parameters of the ovary were evaluated. RESULTS The study revealed that both single and combined injection of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) and retinoic acid (RA) in groups 5, 6, and 8 significantly reduced follicular diameters compared to group 2. Measurements confirmed that simultaneous injection of RA and FGF2 into polycystic mice significantly increased antral follicles, corpus luteum (CL), epithelial thickness, and oocyte diameter as well as decreased cystic follicles. Positive TUNEL cells that were considerably increased in the antral follicle of group 2 significantly decreased in the RA and FGF2 recipient groups, either alone or in combination. Besides, the injection of FGF2 increased preantral follicles and CL. CONCLUSION The findings of the present investigation reveal that injection of RA and FGF2 has both protective and ameliorative effects that can promise new therapies for women with PCOS.
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Alhilali MJ, Parham A, Attaranzadeh A, Amirian M, Azizzadeh M. Prognostic role of follicular fluid tumor necrosis factor alpha in the risk of early ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:691. [PMID: 33183268 PMCID: PMC7663882 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic condition characterized by capillary hyperpermeability which can be predicted by preovulatory ovarian responses such as number of follicles. A variety of cytokines are thought to be involved in pathophysiology of this syndrome. METHODS A prospective cohort study invloving sixty intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) patients. On the day of hCG injection, we explored the threshold of larger follicles ≥11 mm diameter with a count of ≥18 follicles for the high-risk moderate-to-severe OHSS and 13-18 follicles for the low-risk moderate-to-severe OHSS. Whereas larger follicles count of less than 13 were classified as normoresponders. Pooled follicular fluid (FF) samples of each patient were collected on the day of oocyte retrieval. Magnetic multiplex immunoassay was explored to measure the concentrations of some intrafollicular cytokines including: GM-CSF, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, CXCL8/IL-8, IL-6, IL-5, IL-4, IL-2, and IL-1β. All sixty patients underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with either GnRH agonist or antagonist protocols. RESULTS Intrafollicular TNF-α concentration was significantly different (p < 0.05) in the high-risk moderate-to-severe OHSS patients compared to low-risk moderate-to-severe OHSS patients and normoresponders. TNF-α in FF had a negative correlation with the chance of high-risk moderate-to-severe OHSS. The differences in the risk of OHSS between patients who received GnRH agonist or antagonist were not significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In accordance to the negative correlation of TNF-α and high risk of early OHSS, we did not expect TNF-α to play a role in increasing vascular permeability in ovarian tissues. In addition, the risk of early moderate-to-severe OHSS was not affected by different GnRH superovulation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaad Jabbar Alhilali
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, AlQadisiyiah University, Diwanyiah, Iraq
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Parham
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Armin Attaranzadeh
- Milad Center for Infertility Treatment, Mashhad, Iran
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Amirian
- Milad Center for Infertility Treatment, Mashhad, Iran
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azizzadeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Seyyed Anvari S, Dehgan GH, Razi M. Preliminary Findings of Platelet-Rich Plasma-Induced Ameliorative Effect on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:243-252. [PMID: 31210429 PMCID: PMC6582424 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress and chronic
anovulation. The present study was designed to assess ameliorative effect of auto-locating platelet-rich plasma (PRP),
as a novel method, for inhibiting PCOS-induced pathogenesis in experimentally-induced hyperandrogenic PCOS.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 30 immature (21 days old) female rats were assigned into five
groups, including control (sampled after 30 days with no treatment), 15 and 30 days PCOS-sole-induced as well as
15 and 30 days PRP auto-located PCOS-induced groups. Serum levels of estrogen, progesterone, androstenedione,
testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), ovarian total antioxidant capacity (TAC),
malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated.
Expression of estrogen receptor α (Erα), β (Erβ) and c-Myc were assessed. Finally, the numbers of intact follicles per
ovary and mRNA damage ratio were analyzed.
Results PRP groups significantly (P<0.05) decreased serum levels of FSH, LH, testosterone and androstenedione
and remarkably (P<0.05) increased estrogen and progesterone syntheses versus PCOS-sole groups. The PRP
auto-located animals exhibited increased TAC, GSH-px and SOD levels, while they showed diminished MDA content
(P<0.05) versus PCOS-sole groups. The PRP auto-located groups exhibited an elevated expression of Erα and Erβ
versus PCOS-sole groups. Moreover, PRP groups significantly (P<0.05) decreased c-Myc expression and mRNA
damage compared to PCOS-sole groups, and remarkably improved follicular growth.
Conclusion PRP is able to regulate hormonal interaction, improve the ovarian antioxidant potential as well as folliculogenesis
and its auto-location could be considered as a novel method to prevent/ameliorate PCOS-induced pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Seyyed Anvari
- Department of Biology, Collage of Post Graduate, Ahar Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - G Holamreza Dehgan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.Electronic Address:
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Puttabyatappa M, Padmanabhan V. Ovarian and Extra-Ovarian Mediators in the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:R161-R184. [PMID: 29941488 PMCID: PMC6192837 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. The origin of PCOS is still not clear and appears to be a function of gene x environment interactions. This review addresses the current knowledge of the genetic and developmental contributions to the etiology of PCOS, the ovarian and extra-ovarian mediators of PCOS and the gaps and key challenges that need to be addressed in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of PCOS.
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Faraj N, Alhalabi M, Al- Quobaili F. Predictive value of follicular fluid insulin like growth factor-1 in IVF outcome of normo-ovulatory women. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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De Leo V, Musacchio MC, Cappelli V, Massaro MG, Morgante G, Petraglia F. Genetic, hormonal and metabolic aspects of PCOS: an update. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14:38. [PMID: 27423183 PMCID: PMC4947298 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting 5-10 % of women of reproductive age. It generally manifests with oligo/anovulatory cycles, hirsutism and polycystic ovaries, together with a considerable prevalence of insulin resistance. Although the aetiology of the syndrome is not completely understood yet, PCOS is considered a multifactorial disorder with various genetic, endocrine and environmental abnormalities. Moreover, PCOS patients have a higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and their related morbidity, if compared to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. De Leo
- Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M. C. Musacchio
- Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - V. Cappelli
- Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M. G. Massaro
- Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - G. Morgante
- Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - F. Petraglia
- Department Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Baskind NE, Balen AH. Hypothalamic-pituitary, ovarian and adrenal contributions to polycystic ovary syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 37:80-97. [PMID: 27137106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent heterogeneous disorder linked with disturbances of reproductive, endocrine and metabolic function. The definition and aetiological hypotheses of PCOS are continually developing to incorporate evolving evidence of the syndrome, which appears to be both multifactorial and polygenic. The pathophysiology of PCOS encompasses inherent ovarian dysfunction that is strongly influenced by external factors including the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and hyperinsulinaemia. Neuroendocrine abnormalities including increased gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse frequency with consequent hypersecretion of luteinising hormone (LH) affects ovarian androgen synthesis, folliculogenesis and oocyte development. Disturbed ovarian-pituitary and hypothalamic feedback accentuates the gonadotrophin abnormalities, and there is emerging evidence putatively implicating dysfunction of the Kiss 1 system. Within the follicle subunit itself, there are intra-ovarian paracrine modulators, cytokines and growth factors, which appear to play a role. Adrenally derived androgens may also contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS, but their role is less defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ellissa Baskind
- The Leeds Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Seacroft Hospital, York Road, Leeds LS14 6UH, UK.
| | - Adam H Balen
- The Leeds Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Seacroft Hospital, York Road, Leeds LS14 6UH, UK.
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Shi L, Liu S, Zhao W, Shi J. miR-483-5p and miR-486-5p are down-regulated in cumulus cells of metaphase II oocytes from women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 31:565-72. [PMID: 26283014 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cumulus cells from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS women. In the present study, miRNA expression profiles of the cumulus cell samples were determined by miRNA microarrays. Quantification of selected miRNAs and predicted target genes was performed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that miR-483-5p and miR-486-5p are significantly decreased in cumulus cells of PCOS patients PCOS (fold change >2, false discovery rate <0.001). qRT-PCR found that four predicted genes, SOCS3, SRF, PTEN and FOXO1, were significantly increased in PCOS cumulus cells (all P < 0.001), and IGF2 (host gene of miR-483-5p) was significantly decreased in PCOS cumulus cells (P < 0.001). These results indicated that miR-483-5p might play an important role in reducing insulin resistance, and that miR-486-5p might promote cumulus cell proliferation through activation of PI3K/Akt. The findings from this study provided new insights into the complex molecular mechanisms involved in PCOS by revealing pathways possibly regulated by miRNAs. The differences in miRNAs (miR-483-5p, miR-486-5p) and their target gene expression in cumulus cells may provide clues for future research and help to explain aberrant follicular development and subfertility in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhao
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710003, China.
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Abstract
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family consists of several growth factor proteins that belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs bind to type I and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, and transduce signals through the Smad signalling pathway. BMPs have been identified in mammalian ovaries, and functional studies have shown that they are involved in the regulation of oogenesis and folliculogenesis. This review summarizes the role of the BMP system during formation, growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in mammals.
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Qiao J, Feng HL. Extra- and intra-ovarian factors in polycystic ovary syndrome: impact on oocyte maturation and embryo developmental competence. Hum Reprod Update 2011; 17:17-33. [PMID: 20639519 PMCID: PMC3001338 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmq032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic dysfunction and heterogeneous endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Although patients with PCOS are typically characterized by increased numbers of oocytes retrieved during IVF, they are often of poor quality, leading to lower fertilization, cleavage and implantation rates, and a higher miscarriage rate. METHODS For this review, we searched the database MEDLINE (1950 to January 2010) and Google for all full texts and/or abstract articles published in English with content related to oocyte maturation and embryo developmental competence. RESULTS The search showed that alteration of many factors may directly or indirectly impair the competence of maturating oocytes through endocrine and local paracrine/autocrine actions, resulting in a lower pregnancy rate in patients with PCOS. The extra-ovarian factors identified included gonadotrophins, hyperandrogenemia and hyperinsulinemia, although intra-ovarian factors included members of the epidermal, fibroblast, insulin-like and neurotrophin families of growth factors, as well as the cytokines. CONCLUSIONS Any abnormality in the extra- and/or intra-ovarian factors may negatively affect the granulosa cell-oocyte interaction, oocyte maturation and potential embryonic developmental competence, contributing to unsuccessful outcomes for patients with PCOS who are undergoing assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai L. Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital, NYU School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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