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Teng CLJ, Cheng PT, Cheng YC, Tsai JR, Chen MC, Lin H. Dinaciclib inhibits the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells through either cell cycle-related or ERK1/STAT3/MYC pathways. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 96:105768. [PMID: 38135130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Although immature differentiation and uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells are thought to be the primary mechanisms of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the pathophysiology in most cases remains unclear. Dinaciclib, a selective small molecule targeting multiple cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), is currently being evaluated in oncological clinical trials. Despite the proven anticancer potential of dinaciclib, the differential molecular mechanisms by which it inhibits the growth of different AML cell lines remain unclear. In the current study, we treated HL-60 and KG-1 AML cell lines with dinaciclib and investigated the potential mechanisms of dinaciclib-induced AML cell growth inhibition using flow cytometry and western blotting assays. Data from HL-60 and KG-1 AML cells were validated using human primary AML cells. The results showed that the growth inhibitory effect of dinaciclib was more sensitive in HL-60 cells (IC50: 8.46 nM) than in KG-1 cells (IC50: 14.37 nM). The protein decline in Cyclin A/B and CDK1 and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase were more profound in HL-60 cells, corresponding to its growth inhibition. Although the growth inhibition of KG-1 cells by dinaciclib was still pronounced, the cell cycle-associated proteins were relatively insensitive. In addition to cell cycle regulation, the activation/expression of ERK1/STAT3/MYC signaling was significantly reduced by dinaciclib in KG-1 cells compared with that in HL-60 cells. Regarding the results of primary AML cells, we observed ERK1/STAT3/MYC inhibition and cell cycle regulation in different patients. These findings suggest that the cell cycle-associated and ERK1/STAT3/MYC signaling pathways might be two distinct mechanisms by which dinaciclib inhibits AML cells, which could facilitate the development of combination therapy for AML in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Ting Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rung Tsai
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chih Chen
- Translational Cell Therapy Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Felthaus O, Vedlin S, Eigenberger A, Klein SM, Prantl L. Exosomes from Adipose-Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Induce Proapoptotic Gene Expression in Breast Tumor Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2190. [PMID: 38396867 PMCID: PMC10889659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipofilling is an option for breast reconstruction after tumor resection to avoid the complications of an implant-based reconstruction. Although some concerns exist regarding the oncological safety of tissue rich in mesenchymal stem cells with their proangiogenic and proliferation-supportive properties, there are also reports that adipose-tissue-derived stem cells can exhibit antitumoral properties. We isolated primary adipose-tissue-derived stem cells. Both conditioned medium and exosomes were harvested from the cell culture and used to treat the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, and gene expression of MCF-7 cells in response to the indirect co-culture were evaluated. MCF-7 cells incubated with exosomes from adipose-tissue-derived stem cells show reduced cell viability in comparison to MCF-7 cells incubated with adipose-tissue-derived stem-cell-conditioned medium. Expression of proapoptotic genes was upregulated, and expression of antiapoptotic genes was downregulated. The debate about the oncological safety of autologous fat grafting after tumor resection continues. Here, we show that exosomes from adipose-tissue-derived stem cells exhibit some antitumoral properties on breast cancer cell line MCF-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Felthaus
- Department for Plastic, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.M.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Simon Vedlin
- Department for Plastic, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.M.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Andreas Eigenberger
- Department for Plastic, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.M.K.); (L.P.)
- Medical Device Lab, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silvan M. Klein
- Department for Plastic, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.M.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department for Plastic, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.M.K.); (L.P.)
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3
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McAloney CA, Makkawi R, Budhathoki Y, Cannon MV, Franz EM, Gross AC, Cam M, Vetter TA, Duhen R, Davies AE, Roberts RD. Host-derived growth factors drive ERK phosphorylation and MCL1 expression to promote osteosarcoma cell survival during metastatic lung colonization. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:259-282. [PMID: 37676378 PMCID: PMC10899530 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE For patients with osteosarcoma, disease-related mortality most often results from lung metastasis-a phenomenon shared with many solid tumors. While established metastatic lesions behave aggressively, very few of the tumor cells that reach the lung will survive. By identifying mechanisms that facilitate survival of disseminated tumor cells, we can develop therapeutic strategies that prevent and treat metastasis. METHODS We analyzed single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) data from murine metastasis-bearing lungs to interrogate changes in both host and tumor cells during colonization. We used these data to elucidate pathways that become activated in cells that survive dissemination and identify candidate host-derived signals that drive activation. We validated these findings through live cell reporter systems, immunocytochemistry, and fluorescent immunohistochemistry. We then validated the functional relevance of key candidates using pharmacologic inhibition in models of metastatic osteosarcoma. RESULTS Expression patterns suggest that the MAPK pathway is significantly elevated in early and established metastases. MAPK activity correlates with expression of anti-apoptotic genes, especially MCL1. Niche cells produce growth factors that increase ERK phosphorylation and MCL1 expression in tumor cells. Both early and established metastases are vulnerable to MCL1 inhibition, but not MEK inhibition in vivo. Combining MCL1 inhibition with chemotherapy both prevented colonization and eliminated established metastases in murine models of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION Niche-derived growth factors drive MAPK activity and MCL1 expression in osteosarcoma, promoting metastatic colonization. Although later metastases produce less MCL1, they remain dependent on it. MCL1 is a promising target for clinical trials in both human and canine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille A McAloney
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rawan Makkawi
- Knight Cancer Institute's, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Yogesh Budhathoki
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew V Cannon
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emily M Franz
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy C Gross
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maren Cam
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tatyana A Vetter
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebekka Duhen
- Knight Cancer Institute's, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Alexander E Davies
- Knight Cancer Institute's, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancers and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
- The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Kulyar MFEA, Mo Q, Yao W, Li Y, Nawaz S, Loon KS, Ahmed AE, Alsaegh AA, Al Syaad KM, Akhtar M, Bhutta ZA, Li J, Qi D. Modulation of apoptosis and Inflammasome activation in chondrocytes: co-regulatory role of Chlorogenic acid. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:2. [PMID: 38169388 PMCID: PMC10759508 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein regulates programmed cell death throughout the disease conditions by upholding apoptotic pathways. However, the mechanism by which it's expressed in chondrocytes still needs to be studied in chondrocyte-related disorders. Additionally, exploring the potential therapeutic role of Chlorogenic acid (CGA) in confluence with Bcl-2 modulation is of significant interest. METHODS In vivo and in vitro studies were performed according to our previous methodologies. The chondrocytes were cultured in specific growth media under standard conditions after expression verification of different microRNAs through high-throughput sequencing and verification of Bcl-2 involvement in tibial growth plates. The effect of Bcl-2 expression was investigated by transfecting chondrocytes with miR-460a, siRNA, and their negative controls alone or in combination with CGA. The RNA was extracted and subjected to a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assays were performed to visualize the intracellular localization of Bcl-2 and associated proteins related to apoptotic and inflammasome pathways. Moreover, apoptosis through flow cytometry was also performed to understand the modulation of concerning pathways. RESULTS The suppression of Bcl-2 induced higher apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to IL-1β maturation and affecting the inflammasome during chondrocyte proliferation. Conversely, overexpression attenuated the activation, as evidenced by reduced caspase activity and IL-1β maturation. In parallel, CGA successfully reduced siRNA-induced apoptosis by decreasing Cytochrome C (Cyto C) release from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, which in turn decreased Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 cleavage with Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax). Furthermore, siBcl-2 transfection and CGA therapy increased chondrocyte proliferation and survival. The CGA also showed a promising approach to maintaining chondrocyte viability by inhibiting siRNA-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Targeting Bcl-2-mediated regulation might be a possible treatment for chondrocyte-related conditions. Moreover, these results add knowledge of the complicated processes underlying chondrocyte function and the pathophysiology of related diseases, highlighting the significance of target specific therapies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fakhar-E-Alam Kulyar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Quan Mo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kyein San Loon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman A Alsaegh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Al Syaad
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Desheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Saleh MM, El-Moselhy T, El-Bastawissy E, Ibrahim MAA, Sayed SRM, Hegazy MEF, Efferth T, Jaragh-Alhadad LA, Sidhom PA. The mystery of titan hunter: Rationalized striking of the MAPK pathway via Newly synthesized 6-Indolylpyridone-3-Carbonitrile derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115675. [PMID: 37506545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
MAPK pathway sparkles with RTK activation, passes through subsequent downstream RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascades, with consequent direct and indirect CDK4/6 signaling activation, and ends with cell survival, division, and proliferation. However, the emergence of anomalies such as mutations or overexpression in one or more points of the pathway could lead to cancer development and drug resistance. Therefore, designing small inhibitors to strike multitudinous MAPK pathway steps could be a promising synergistic strategy to confine cancer. In this study, twelve 6-indolylpyridone-3-carbonitrile candidates were synthesized and assessed in vitro for antineoplastic activity using four cancer cell lines. The initial antiproliferative screening revealed that compounds 3g, 3h, and 3i were the most potent candidates (GI% Avg = 70.10, 73.94, 74.33%, respectively) compared to staurosporine (GI% Avg = 70.99%). The subsequent safety and selectivity assessment showed that 3h exhibited sub-micromolar inhibition against lung cancer cells (HOP-92 GI50 = 0.75 μM) and 13.7 times selectivity toward cancerous cells over normal cells. As a result, 3h was nominated for deep mechanistic studies which evidenced that compound 3h impressively blocks multiple keystones of the MAPK pathway with nanomolar potency (EGFRWT IC50 = 281 nM, c-MET IC50 = 205 nM, B-RAFWT IC50 = 112 nM, and CDK4/6 IC50 = 95 and 184 nM, respectively). Surprisingly, 3h showed a remarkable potency against mutated EGFR and B-RAF, being 4 and 1.3 more selective to the mutated enzymes over the wild-type forms (EGFRT790M IC50 = 69 nM and B-RAFV600E IC50 = 83 nM). Ultimately, combined molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were executed to inspect the mode of binding and the complex stability of 3h towards the keystones of the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Tarek El-Moselhy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman El-Bastawissy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A A Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt; School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Shaban R M Sayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Center, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Peter A Sidhom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
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Li X, Tibenda JJ, Nan Y, Huang SC, Ning N, Chen GQ, Du YH, Yang YT, Meng FD, Yuan L. MiR-204-3p overexpression inhibits gastric carcinoma cell proliferation by inhibiting the MAPK pathway and RIP1/MLK1 necroptosis pathway to promote apoptosis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4542-4556. [PMID: 37621755 PMCID: PMC10445008 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i29.4542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma (GC) is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death, highlighting the pressing need for novel clinical treatment options. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Studies have shown that miRNAs can regulate related signaling pathways, acting as tumor suppressors or tumor promoters. AIM To explore the effect of miR-204-3p on GC cells. METHODS We measured the expression levels of miR-204-3p in GC cells using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, followed by the delivery of miR-204-3p overexpression and miR-204-3p knockdown vectors into GC cells. CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of miR-204-3p on the proliferation of GC cells, and the colony formation ability of GC cells was detected by the clonal formation assay. The effects of miR-204-3p on GC cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The BABL/c nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model using MKN-45 cells was constructed to verify the effect of miR-204-3p on the tumorigenicity of GC cells. Furthermore, the study investigated the effects of miR-204-3p on various proteins related to the MAPK signaling pathway, necroptosis signaling pathway and apoptosis signaling pathway on GC cells using Western blot techniques. RESULTS Firstly, we found that the expression of miR-204-3p in GC was low. When treated with the lentivirus overexpression vector, miR-204-3p expression significantly increased, but the lentivirus knockout vector had no significant effect on miR-204-3p. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-204-3p overexpression inhibited GC cell viability, promoted cell apoptosis, blocked the cell cycle, and inhibited colony formation ability. In vivo animal experiments confirmed that miR-204-3p overexpression inhibited subcutaneous tumorigenesis ability in BABL/c nude mice. Simultaneously, our results verified that miR-204-3p overexpression can inhibit GC cell proliferation by inhibiting protein expression levels of KRAS and p-ERK1/2 in the MAPK pathway, as well as inhibiting protein expression levels of p-RIP1 and p-MLK1 in the necroptosis pathway to promote the BCL-2/BAX/Caspase-3 apoptosis pathway. CONCLUSION MiR-204-3p overexpression inhibited GC cell proliferation by inhibiting the MAPK pathway and necroptosis pathway to promote apoptosis of GC cells. Thus, miR-204-3p may represent a new potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- Ningxia Chinese Medicine Reserch Center, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Joanna J Tibenda
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shi-Cong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guo-Qing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Hua Du
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fan-Di Meng
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Gholizadeh Siahmazgi Z, Irani S, Ghiaseddin A, Fallah P, Haghpanah V. Xanthohumol hinders invasion and cell cycle progression in cancer cells through targeting MMP2, MMP9, FAK and P53 genes in three-dimensional breast and lung cancer cells culture. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:153. [PMID: 37533078 PMCID: PMC10394853 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advances in the treatment of lung and breast cancer, the mortality with these two types of cancer is high. Xanthohumol (XN) is known as a bioactive compound that shows an anticancer effect on cancer cells. Here, we intended to investigate the anticancer effects of XN on the breast and lung cancer cell lines, using the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. METHODS XN was isolated from Humulus lupulus using Preparative-Thin Layer Chromatography (P-TLC) method and its authenticity was documented through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H-NMR) methods. The spheroids of the breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines were prepared by the Hanging Drop (HD) method. Subsequently, the IC50s of XN were determined using the MTT assay in 2D and 3D cultures. Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and NFκB1/2, BAX, BCL2, and SURVIVIN expressions. Cell cycle progression was determined by P21, and P53 expressions as well as PI flow cytometry assays. Multidrug resistance was investigated through examining the expression of MDR1 and ABCG2. The invasion was examined by MMP2, MMP9, and FAK expression and F-actin labeling with Phalloidin-iFluor. RESULTS While the IC50s for the XN treatment were 1.9 µM and 4.74 µM in 2D cultures, these values were 12.37 µM and 31.17 µM in 3D cultures of MCF-7 and A549 cells, respectively. XN induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and A549 cell lines. Furthermore, XN treatment reduced cell cycle progression, multidrug resistance, and invasion at the molecular and/or cellular levels. CONCLUSIONS According to our results of XN treatment in 3D conditions, this bioactive compound can be introduced as an adjuvant anti-cancer agent for breast and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghiaseddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Division, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Fallah
- Laboratory Science Department, Allied Medicine Faculty, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Vahid Haghpanah
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Dr. Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave, 14114, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Jing L, Fei Y, Zhao H. The Effects of Chronic Lead Exposure on Testicular Development of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica): Histopathological Damages, Oxidative Stress, Steroidogenesis Disturbance, and Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Testis Axis Disruption. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3446-3460. [PMID: 36210404 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) becomes a global public health concern for its high toxicology. Birds are sensitive to environmental pollution and Pb contamination exerts multiple negative influences on bird life. Pb also impacts on avian reproductive system. Thus, in this study, we attempted to determine toxicological effects and possible mechanistic pathways of Pb on avian testicular development by using the model species-Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Male quail chicks of 1-week-old were exposed to 0, 50, 500, and 1000 ppm Pb concentrations in drinking water for 5 weeks when reaching sexual maturation. The results showed that high Pb doses (500 and 1000 ppm) induced testis atrophy and cloacal gland shrinkage. Microstructural damages of both hypothalamus and testis indicated the disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by Pb exposure. The decrease of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) may also imply HPG axis disruption. Moreover, excess testicular oxidative damages featured by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) indicated increasing risks of reproductive dysfunction by Pb. Furthermore, increasing apoptosis and upregulation of gene expression associated with cell death suggested testicular abnormal development. In addition, molecular signaling involved with steroidogenesis in the testis was disturbed by Pb treatment. The study showed that Pb could impair testicular development and reproductive function by morphological and histological injury, hormone suppression, oxidative stress, cell death, and HPG axis disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyang Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Fei
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China.
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Yang X, Wu X, Wu X, Huang L, Song J, Yuan C, He Z, Li Y. The Flavagline Compound 1-(2-(dimethylamino)acetyl)-Rocaglaol Induces Apoptosis in K562 Cells by Regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK2/STAT3, and MAPK Pathways. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2545-2557. [PMID: 35959422 PMCID: PMC9359389 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s357891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xijun Wu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Jinyang Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaosen Wu
- FuRong Tobacco Research Station, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Tobacco Company Yongshun Branch, Yongshun, 416700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingrui Song
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunmao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixu He
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, People’s Republic of China
- Zhixu He, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 13595019670, Email
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanmei Li, State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 85183805081, Email
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Hassanen EI, Ebedy YA, Ibrahim MA, Farroh KY, Elshazly MO. Insights overview on the possible protective effect of chitosan nanoparticles encapsulation against neurotoxicity induced by carbendazim in rats. Neurotoxicology 2022; 91:31-43. [PMID: 35513110 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ) contamination of food and water is a principal factor in many negative impacts on public health. Nanoencapsulation of agrochemicals by nontoxic polymers as chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) is one of the most applications of nanotechnology in agriculture. Despite its many advantages, such as it provides controlled release property, more stability and solubility of the active ingredient, it is not authorized to be used in the market because there are no adequate studies on the nano pesticides induced toxicity on experimental animals. So, we aim to study the possible impacts of CBZ-loading CS-NPs on the whole brain of rats and to explain its mechanism of action. 20 male Wistar rats were partitioned into 4 groups as follows: Group (1), normal saline; group (2), 5 mg/kg CS-NPs; group (3), 300 mg/kg CBZ; group (4) 300 mg/kg CS/CBZ-NCs. After 28 days, some neurobehavioral parameters were assessed to all rats then euthanization was done to collect the brain. Our results revealed that CBZ prompted neurotoxicity manifested by severe neurobehavioral changes and a significant increase of MDA with a decrease of GSH and CAT in brain tissue. In addition, there were severe neuropathological alterations confirmed by immunohistochemistry which showed strong bax, GFAP, and TNF-ὰ protein expression in some brain areas. CBZ also induced apoptosis manifested by up-regulation of JNK and P53 with down-regulation of Bcl-2 in brain tissue. Otherwise, encapsulation of CBZ with CS-NPs could reduce CBZ-induced neurotoxicity and improve all studied toxicological parameters. We recommend using CBZ-loading CS-NPs as an alternative approach for fungicide application in agricultural and veterinary practices but further studies are needed to ensure its safety on other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I Hassanen
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Yasmin A Ebedy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y Farroh
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
| | - M O Elshazly
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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Trippett T, Toledano H, Campbell Hewson Q, Verschuur A, Langevin AM, Aerts I, Howell L, Gallego S, Rossig C, Smith A, Patel D, Pereira LR, Cheeti S, Musib L, Hutchinson KE, Devlin C, Bernardi R, Geoerger B. Cobimetinib in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors (iMATRIX-cobi): A Multicenter, Phase I/II Study. Target Oncol 2022; 17:283-293. [PMID: 35715627 PMCID: PMC9217999 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The MAPK pathway is an emerging target across a number of adult and pediatric tumors. Targeting the downstream effector of MAPK, MEK1, is a proposed strategy to control the growth of MAPK-dependent tumors. Objective iMATRIX-cobi assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and anti-tumor activity of cobimetinib, a highly selective MEK inhibitor, in children and young adults with relapsed/refractory solid tumors. Patients and Methods This multicenter Phase I/II study enrolled patients aged 6 months to < 30 years with solid tumors with known/expected MAPK pathway involvement. Patients received cobimetinib tablet or suspension formulation on Days 1–21 of a 28-day cycle. Dose escalation followed a rolling 6 design. The primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints were pharmacokinetics and anti-tumor activity. Results Of 56 enrolled patients (median age 9 years [range 3–29]), 18 received cobimetinib tablets and 38 cobimetinib suspension. Most common diagnoses were low-grade glioma (LGG; n = 32, including n = 12 in the expansion cohort) and plexiform neurofibroma within neurofibromatosis type 1 (n = 12). Six patients (11 %) experienced dose-limiting toxicities (including five ocular toxicity events), which established a pediatric recommended Phase II dose (RP2D) of 0.8 mg/kg tablet and 1.0 mg/kg suspension. Most frequently reported treatment-related adverse events were gastrointestinal and skin disorders. Steady state mean exposure (Cmax, AUC0–24) of cobimetinib at the RP2D (1.0 mg/kg suspension) was ~ 50 % lower than in adults receiving the approved 60 mg/day dose. Overall response rate was 5.4 % (3/56; all partial responses in patients with LGG). Conclusions The safety profile of cobimetinib in pediatrics was similar to that reported in adults. Clinical activity was observed in LGG patients with known/suspected MAPK pathway activation. Cobimetinib combination regimens may be required to improve response rates in this pediatric population. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02639546, registered December 24, 2015. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11523-022-00888-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Trippett
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Helen Toledano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Quentin Campbell Hewson
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology, The Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Arnauld Verschuur
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Pediatric Oncology, Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - Isabelle Aerts
- Oncology Center SIREDO, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Howell
- Paediatric Oncology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Paediatric Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Rossig
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Amy Smith
- Haley Center for Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, Orlando-Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Darshak Patel
- Product Development, Biometrics, Biostatistics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Mississauga, ON, Canada.,Parexel International Ltd, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Sravanthi Cheeti
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luna Musib
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Arrivent Biopharma, Newtown Square, PA, USA
| | | | - Clare Devlin
- Product Development Oncology, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn, UK
| | - Ronald Bernardi
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France
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12
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Ebedy YA, Elshazly MO, Hassan NH, Ibrahim MA, Hassanen EI. Novel insights into the potential mechanisms underlying carbendazim-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23079. [PMID: 35437878 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ) is a common environmental pollutant that can contaminate food and water and severely damage human health. Some studies revealed the adverse effect of CBZ on different organs, but its detailed toxicity mechanism has not been elucidated yet. Thus, the present study aims to clarify the mechanisms of CBZ-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Therefore, we partitioned 40 male Wistar rats into four groups (n = 10): a negative control group and three treatment groups, which received 100, 300, and 600 mg/kg of CBZ. All rats received the treatment daily by oral gavage. We collected blood and organ samples (liver and kidney) at 14 and 28 days postdosing. CBZ caused extensive pathological alterations in both the liver and kidneys, such as cellular degeneration and necrosis accompanied by severe inflammatory reactions in a dose- and time-dependent manner. All the CBZ-treated groups displayed strong tumor necrosis factor-α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) immunopositivity. Additionally, CBZ dose-dependently elevated the alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, and creatinine serum levels and reduced the serum albumin levels. Furthermore, CBZ-induced apoptosis, as indicated by the observed Bax gene upregulation and Bcl-2 gene downregulation in both organs. All these changes may be related to oxidative stress, as indicated by the increase in malondialdehyde levels and the decrease in total antioxidant capacity. Our results demonstrate that CBZ-induced dose- and time-dependent hepatorenal damage through oxidative stress, which activated both the NF-κB signaling pathway and Bcl-based programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin A Ebedy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O Elshazly
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Neven H Hassan
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman I Hassanen
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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ox-LDL-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Oxidative Stress via p38/Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5897194. [PMID: 35140793 PMCID: PMC8820940 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5897194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nrf2 which was recently reported to regulate the antioxidant genes and cellular redox regulators was highly expressed in EPCs. However, its role in ox-LDL-induced EPC oxidative stress and apoptosis has not been fully illustrated. Methods EPCs isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with different concentrations of ox-LDL, Keap1 siRNA, and a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and then used to assay the cytoplasmic Nrf2, nuclear Nrf2, NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and Bax/Bcl-2 levels with Western blot, NQO1 mRNA levels with RT-PCR, ROS levels with H2DCF-DA, loss/disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential with JC-1, apoptosis with Annexin V and PI, migration with transwell chambers, and tube formation with Matrigel. Results ox-LDL decreased the nuclear Nrf2/Histone H3 to cytoplasmic Nrf2/GAPDH ratio, NQO1 mRNA, and protein levels. ox-LDL enhanced ROS production, induced the loss of membrane potential, and increased the cell shrinkage, pyknotic nuclei, and apoptosis of EPCs. Keap1 siRNA increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation, NQO1 mRNA transcription, and protein expression and prevented ROS generation and formation of JC-1 monomers. ox-LDL increased the activation of p38. SB203580 significantly eliminated ox-LDL induced inhibition of Nrf2 nuclear translocation, depression of NQO1 mRNA transcription, generation of ROS, and formation of JC-1 monomers in EPCs. Keap1 siRNA decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio which was increased by ox-LDL in EPCs. ox-LDL decreased EPC migration and tube formation. Keap1 siRNA preserved the migration and tube formation of EPCs. Conclusion ox-LDL activated EPCs p38/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and induced oxidative stress, dysfunction, and apoptosis of EPCs.
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Anti-Cancer Effects of α-Cubebenoate Derived from Schisandra chinensis in CT26 Colon Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030737. [PMID: 35164001 PMCID: PMC8839175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
α-Cubebenoate derived from Schisandra chinensis has been reported to possess anti-allergic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory effects and to exhibit anti-septic activity, but its anti-cancer effects have not been investigated. To examine the anti-cancer activity of α-cubebenoate, we investigated its effects on the proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis of CT26 cells. The viabilities of CT26 cells (a murine colorectal carcinoma cell line) and HCT116 cells (a human colon cancer cell line) were remarkably and dose-dependently diminished by α-cubebenoate, whereas the viability of CCD-18Co cells (a normal human fibroblast cell line) were unaffected. Furthermore, α-cubebenoate treatment increased the number of apoptotic CT26 cells as compared with Vehicle-treated cells and increased Bax, Bcl-2, Cas-3, and Cleaved Cas-3 protein levels by activating the MAP kinase signaling pathway. α-Cubebenoate also suppressed CT26 migration by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, similar reductions were observed in the expression levels of some migration-related proteins including VEGFA, MMP2, and MMP9. Furthermore, reduced VEGFA expression was found to be accompanied by the phosphorylations of FAK and MLC in the downstream signaling pathway of adhesion protein. The results of the present study provide novel evidence that α-cubebenoate can stimulate apoptosis and inhibit metastasis by regulating the MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and FAK/MLC signaling pathways.
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Sarkar MK, Kar A, Jayaraman A, Kar Mahapatra S, Vadivel V. Vitexin isolated from Prosopis cineraria leaves induce apoptosis in K-562 leukemia cells via inhibition of the BCR-ABL-Ras-Raf pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:103-111. [PMID: 34109977 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Leukemia is one of the severe cancer types all around the globe. Even though some chemotherapeutic drugs are available for treating leukemia, they have various side effects. As an alternative approach, herbal drugs are focused on current research to overcome leukemia. The present work was conducted to investigate the antileukemic mechanism of active phytochemical vitexin, which was isolated from ethno-medicine (Prosopis cineraria leaf) used by traditional healers of West Bengal, India. METHODS Antiproliferative mechanisms of selected phyto-compound against K-562 cells were evaluated using cellular uptake, morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential and signaling pathways analysis. KEY FINDINGS Vitexin exhibited cytotoxicity by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential (32.40%) and causing DNA fragmentation (84.15%). The western blotting study indicated inhibition of cell survival proteins (BCR, ABL, H-RAS, N-RAS, K-RAS and RAF) and expression of apoptotic proteins (p38, BAX and caspase-9) in leukemia cells upon treatment with vitexin. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, presently investigated phyto-compound vitexin could be considered for developing safe and natural drugs to treat leukemia after conducting suitable preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monaj Kumar Sarkar
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK-II-409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Amrita Kar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Lab (ASK-II-406), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Adithyan Jayaraman
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Lab (ASK-II-406), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Santanu Kar Mahapatra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Lab (ASK-II-406), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Vellingiri Vadivel
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK-II-409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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Kang MJ, Kim JE, Park JW, Choi HJ, Bae SJ, Choi SI, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Effects of Gallotannin-Enriched Extract of Galla Rhois on the Activation of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Inhibition of Migration Ability in LLC1 Cells and LLC1 Tumors. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:588084. [PMID: 34257536 PMCID: PMC8262247 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.588084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gallotannin (GT) and GT-enriched extracts derived from various sources are reported to have anti-tumor activity in esophageal, colon and prostate tumors, although their anti-tumor effects have not been determined in lung carcinomas. To investigate the anti-tumor activity of GT-enriched extract of galla rhois (GEGR) against lung carcinomas, alterations in the cytotoxicity, apoptosis activation, cell cycle progression, migration ability, tumor growth, histopathological structure, and the regulation of signaling pathways were analyzed in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) cells and LLC1 tumor bearing C57BL/6NKorl mice, after exposure to GEGR. A high concentration of GT (69%) and DPPH scavenging activity (IC50=7.922 µg/ml) was obtained in GEGR. GEGR treatment exerted strong cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and subsequent activation of apoptosis, as well as inhibitory effects on the MAPK pathway and PI3K/AKT mediated cell migration in LLC1 cells. In the in vivo syngeneic model, exposure to GEGR resulted in suppressed growth of the LLC1 tumors, as well as inhibition of NF-κB signaling and their inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, our results provide novel evidence that exposure to GEGR induces activation of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cell migration via suppression of the MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in LLC1 cells and the LLC1 syngeneic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ju Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Su Ji Bae
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Sun Il Choi
- Division of Convergence Technology, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
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Biological activities of siRNA-loaded lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles on colorectal cancer. J Control Release 2020; 328:45-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Jang YG, Ko EB, Choi KC. Gallic acid, a phenolic acid, hinders the progression of prostate cancer by inhibition of histone deacetylase 1 and 2 expression. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 84:108444. [PMID: 32615369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is known to possess diverse biological activities, including anticancer. Histone deacetylase (HDACs) are controlled by tumor suppressor gene transcription and are overexpressed in various tumors, resulting in tumor development, progression and poor prognosis. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of GA on inhibition of prostate cancer (PCa) progression by modulating the expression of HDAC1 and 2 in PCa cells. To prove our research rationale, we used diverse experimental methods. GA decreased the cell viability of only PCa cell lines and not normal cells (contrary to another HDAC inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) and also inhibited colony and tumor spheroid formation. Exposure to GA decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), increased the number of apoptotic cells and induced DNA fragmentation. Western blot analysis revealed down-regulated expression of HDAC1 and 2, leading to up-regulation of acetyl-p53 expression at the protein level, subsequent to down-regulating the expression of cell-cycle-related genes, i.e., proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin D1 and E1, up-regulating the expression of cell cycle arrest gene p21 and regulating the expression of apoptosis intrinsic pathway-related genes, such as Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved Caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 in both PCa cell lines. Furthermore, oral administration of GA for 8 weeks on PC-3 cells-derived tumor xenograft mice model decreases the tumor size, damages the tumor structure and down-regulates the expression of HDAC1 and 2 and PCNA in tumor mass, as confirmed by histological analysis. These results indicated that GA may hinder the PCa progression by inhibiting HDAC1 and 2 expression, thereby demonstrating the potential of GA to be used as HDACs inhibitor and anti-PCa therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Gi Jang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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D’Aguanno S, Del Bufalo D. Inhibition of Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Proteins in Preclinical and Clinical Studies: Current Overview in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051287. [PMID: 32455818 PMCID: PMC7291206 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic interplay between pro-death and pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins is responsible for a cell’s fate. Due to the recognized relevance of this family in cancer progression and response to therapy, different efforts have made in recent years in order to develop small molecules able to target anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. The limitations of the first Bcl-2 family targeted drugs, regarding on-target and off-target toxicities, have been overcome with the development of venetoclax (ABT-199), the first BH3 mimetic inhibitor approved by the FDA. The purpose of this review is to discuss the state-of-the-art in the development of drugs targeting Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic proteins and to highlight the potential of their application as single agents or in combination for improving anti-cancer therapy, focusing in particular on solid tumors.
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Jiang T, Zhang G, Liang Y, Cai Z, Liang Z, Lin H, Tan M. PlexinA3 Interacts with CRMP2 to Mediate Sema3A Signalling During Dendritic Growth in Cultured Cerebellar Granule Neurons. Neuroscience 2020; 434:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The Total Flavonoid Extract from Glycyrrhiza inflat Bat. Suppresses Atrophic Gastritis in Rats through the Akt/MAPK Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8396160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Glycyrrhiza inflat Bat. is widely used to treat gastric ulcer and gastritis in clinic in China. Aim of the Study. To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of the total flavonoid extract (TFE) from G. inflat Bat. on atrophic gastritis (AG) rats. Materials and Methods. The rat AG model was established by providing sodium deoxycholate and alcohol, and then, AG rats were treated with TFE for 30 days. Pathologic changes in gastric specimens were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the capability of gastric mucosa to secrete mucus was examined by alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff staining. Apoptosis induction in gastric tissues was measured by the TUNEL assay. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and proteins in the Akt/MAPK pathway in gastric tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and/or Western blotting. Results. Compared with the AG group, TFE attenuated the damage of gastric mucosa as reflected by the thickening of the lamina propria and the thinning of the muscularis mucosae. Moreover, TFE induced apoptosis in gastric mucosa with increasing Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. Concomitantly, the degrees of p-ErkThr202/Tyr204 and p-AktThr308 were decreased, whereas those of p-p38Thr180/Tyr182 and p-JNKThr183/Tyr185 were increased. Conclusion. We demonstrated the anti-AG effect of G. inflat Bat. in vivo and elucidated the underlying mechanisms that involve gastric mucosa protection through the Akt/MAPK pathway. The study provides a rationale for the application of G. inflat Bat. in the treatment of AG.
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Choo Z, Loh AHP, Chen ZX. Destined to Die: Apoptosis and Pediatric Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111623. [PMID: 31652776 PMCID: PMC6893512 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a systematic and coordinated cellular process that occurs in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Sidestepping or resisting apoptosis is a distinct characteristic of human cancers including childhood malignancies. This review dissects the apoptosis pathways implicated in pediatric tumors. Understanding these pathways not only unraveled key molecules that may serve as potential targets for drug discovery, but also molecular nodes that integrate with other signaling networks involved in processes such as development. This review presents current knowledge of the complex regulatory system that governs apoptosis with respect to other processes in pediatric cancers, so that fresh insights may be derived regarding treatment resistance or for more effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang'e Choo
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore.
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Pediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Program, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore.
- VIVA-KKH Pediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Program, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
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23
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Gupta SK, Patel SK, Tomar MS, Singh SK, Mesharam MK, Krishnamurthy S. Long-term exposure of 2450 MHz electromagnetic radiation induces stress and anxiety like behavior in rats. Neurochem Int 2019; 128:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Wang JP, Huang XY, Zhang KY, Ding XM, Zeng QF, Bai SP, Celi P, Yan L, Peng HW, Mao XB. Involvement of P38 and ERK1/2 in mitochondrial pathways independent cell apoptosis in oviduct magnum epithelial cells of layers challenged with vanadium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1312-1320. [PMID: 30251772 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) can induce cell apoptosis in layers' oviduct resulting in egg quality reduction. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-signaling pathway and V-induced apoptosis in poultry oviduct magnum epithelial cells (OMECs). Cultured OMECs were divided into 8 treatment groups: 0 μmol/L V (control), 100 μmol/L V (V100), V100 + P38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), SB203580, V100 + extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor (U0126), U0126, V100 + c-JUN NH2 -terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor (SP600125), and SP600125. The OMECs were pretreated with the MAPK inhibitors before their treatment with V100 for 12 h. V100 increased the apoptosis of OMECs (P < .05), while 3 MAPK inhibitors suppressed V100-induced apoptosis P < .05); V100 enhanced the depolarization of △ψm (P < .05), and SB203580 and U0126 alleviated the V100-induced △ψm decrease (P < .05); V100 downregulated B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and poly [Adenosine diphosphate ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) mRNA expression (P < .05), meanwhile it upregulated Bcl-2 associated x (Bax), Apaf1, cytochrome C (CytC) and cysteine aspartase (caspase) 3, 8, 9 mRNA expression (P < .05). All MAPKs inhibitors alleviated the up-regulation of V100 for Bax and caspase 3 mRNA expression and down-regulation of V100 for Bcl-2 expression (P < .05). SB203580 and U0126 upregulated CytC expression treated by V100 (P < .05), except SP600125, while SB203580 administration resulted in a similar upregulation of PARP1 expression (P < .05). SP600125 can alleviated V triggered p-P38MAPK (phosphor-P38), p-ERK1/2 (phosphor-ERK1/2), p-JNK (phosphor-JNK) increase on OME cells, and SB203580 and U0126 had a similar response to phosphor-P38 and p-JNK (P < .05). It concluded that V-induced apoptosis in OMECs through the activation of P38 and ERK1/2, and by increasing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, which resulted in △ψm decrease, CytC release into the cytosol; consequently caspase 3 is recruited and activated, PARP1 is cleaved, eventually leading to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan-Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Mei Ding
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu-Feng Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-Ping Bai
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pietro Celi
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, Maryland
| | - Lei Yan
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, Maryland
| | - Huan-Wei Peng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Bing Mao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Chen T, Li S, Chen B, Huang Q, Kong X, Shen C, Gu H, Wang X. Akt3 is a target of miR-29c-3p and serves an important function in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:980-992. [PMID: 30535467 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shu‑Jun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiang‑Ying Kong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hai‑Tao Gu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiao‑Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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26
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Zhou Y, Ma C, Li BM, Sun C. Polygala japonica Houtt. reverses depression-like behavior and restores reduced hippocampal neurogenesis in chronic stress mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:986-996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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27
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Wang XL, Shi WP, Shi HC, Lu SC, Wang K, Sun C, He JS, Jin WG, Lv XX, Zou H, Shu YS. Knockdown of TRIM65 inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion: A therapeutic target in human lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81527-81540. [PMID: 27829229 PMCID: PMC5348410 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Although TRIM65 is an important protein involved in white matter lesion, the role of TRIM65 in human cancer remains less understood. Here, we reported that TRIM65 was significantly overexpressed in lung cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues. Furthermore, TRIM65 expression was closely related to overall survival of patients with lung cancer. Knock down of TRIM65 in two lung cancer cell lines, SPC-A-1 and NCI-H358, resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion and a dramatic increase in G0-G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. In vivo tumorigenesis experiment also revealed that depletion of TRIM65 expression inhibited NCI-H358 cell growth. Moreover, based on gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we found that TRIM65 was positive related to cell cycle, metastasis up and RHOA-REG pathways, which was further validated by RT-PCR and Western blot in TRIM65 knockdown lung cancer cells and indicated a possible mechanism underlying its effects on lung cancer. In summary, our study suggests that TRIM65 may work as an oncogene and a new effective therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ping Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Can Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Chun Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Sheng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guo Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xia Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Sheng Shu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
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28
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Huang Z, Li J, Du S, Tang Y, Huang L, Xiao L, Tong P. FKBP14 overexpression contributes to osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and indicates poor survival outcome. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39872-39884. [PMID: 27223089 PMCID: PMC5129977 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The FK506-binding protein 14 (FKBP14) is a subfamily of immunophilins, has been implicated in various biochemical processes. However, its effects on the primary malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma, are unclear. Here, we reported that FKBP14 may be an oncogene as it overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, and FKBP14 expression was correlated with metastases, recurrence, tumor maximum diameter and poor survival time. FKBP14 was associated with the biological pathways including cell cycle, apoptosis and metastasis. Furthermore, we detected FKBP14 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, invasion and adhesion in vitro. FKBP14 knockdown decreased the protein levels of PCNA, CDK1 and CCNB1 that promotes cell cycle, increased Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-7 protein involved in promoting cell apoptosis, and increased KIF4A expression as well as decreased SMC4 and TMEM33 proteins that contribute to cell invasion and adhesion. In addition, FKBP14 knockdown also caused a significant inhibition in tumor growth in vivo. Then, we found that the protein RhoA was identified as a binding partner of FKBP14. Taken together, FKBP14 may act as an oncogene in osteosarcoma via suppressing apoptosis and promoting invasion and adhesion in osteosarcoma carcinogenesis. FKBP14 may be a prognostic factor and potential target for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiaoshan Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China.,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Junhua Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiaoshan Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shaohua Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yanghua Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiaoshan Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ligang Huang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Luwei Xiao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Peijian Tong
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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29
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Gao M, Chen G, Wang H, Xie B, Hu L, Kong Y, Yang G, Tao Y, Han Y, Wu X, Zhang Y, Dai B, Shi J. Therapeutic potential and functional interaction of carfilzomib and vorinostat in T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29102-15. [PMID: 27074555 PMCID: PMC5045381 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) vorinostat cooperated to induce cell apoptosis in one T-cell leukemia cell line in vitro, implying the possibility of the combination treatment of carfilzomib and vorinostat as a potential therapeutic strategy in human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Here we report that combination treatment of carfilzomib and vorinostat enhanced cell apoptosis and induced a marked increase in G2-M arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and activated the members of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) family, including the stress-activated kinases JNK, p38MAPK, and ERK1/2. Carfilzomib/vorinostat-mediated apoptosis was blocked by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The JNK inhibitor SP600125 and the p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 but not the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 significantly attenuated carfilzomib/vorinostat-induced apoptosis, suggesting that p38MAPK and JNK activation contribute to carfilzomib and vorinostat-induced apoptosis. This was further confirmed via short hairpin (shRNA) RNA knockdown of p38MAPK and JNK. Interestingly, the ROS scavenger NAC attenuated carfilzomib/vorinostat-mediated activation of p38MAPK and JNK. However, p38MAPK shRNA but not JNK shRNA diminished carfilzomib/vorinostat-mediated ROS generation. In contrast, overexpression of p38MAPK significantly increased carfilzomib/vorinostat-mediated ROS generation, suggesting that an amplification loop exists between ROS and p38MAPK pathway. Combination treatment of carfilzomib and vorinostat enhanced their individual antitumor activity in both a human xenograft model as well as human primary T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells. These data suggest the potential clinical benefit and underlying molecular mechanism of combining carfilzomib with vorinostat in the treatment of human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Gao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gege Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Houcai Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqian Xie
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangning Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosong Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bojie Dai
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jumei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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30
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Hu S, Wang J, Wang J, Yang H, Li S, Jiang W, Liu Y, Li J. Long-chain bases from sea cucumber inhibits renal fibrosis and apoptosis in type 2 diabetic mice. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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31
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Ma L, Xu Z, Wang J, Zhu Z, Lin G, Jiang L, Lu X, Zou C. Matrine inhibits BCR/ABL mediated ERK/MAPK pathway in human leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108880-108889. [PMID: 29312576 PMCID: PMC5752489 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The BCR/ABL fusion gene and its downstream signaling pathways such as Ras/Raf/MAPK, JAK/STAT3, and PI3K/AKT pathways play important roles in malignant transformation of leukemia, especially chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Our previous study showed that matrine, an alkaloid extracted from a Chinese herb radix sophorae, significantly inhibited the proliferation of human CML K562cells, induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1, and promoted cell apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of matrine in the growth inhibition of leukemia cells using K562 and HL-60 cell lines. RT-PCR and Western blot assay demonstrated that the expression of BCR/ABL in K562 and HL-60 cells was significantly inhibited by matrine treatment. Phosphorylation of MEK1, ERK1/2, and their upstream adaptor molecules Shc and SHP2 were significantly downregulated. The protein and mRNA expression of components of the ERK/MAPK signal pathway, and Bcl-xL, Cyclin D1, and c-Myc, were dramatically reduced. Conversely, the expression of p27, a negative regulator of cell cycle progression, increased after matrine treatment. These results indicated that the inhibition of ERK/MAPK and BCR/ABL signaling pathway was associated with matrine's suppressive effects on the growth of K562 and HL-60 cells. In in vivo study, matrine significantly decreased the mortality rate of tumor-baring mice and suggested that matrine could exert its anti-leukemia effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingdi Ma
- Laboratory Center, The Third People's Hospital of Huizhou, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou 516002, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Third People's Hospital of Huizhou, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou 516002, China
| | - Zhichao Zhu
- Laboratory Center, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Guibin Lin
- Laboratory Center, The Third People's Hospital of Huizhou, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou 516002, China
| | - Lijia Jiang
- Laboratory Center, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Xuzhang Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Chang Zou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
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32
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Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Diodati L, Carpi A. Recent Advances in Comprehending the Signaling Pathways Involved in the Progression of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2321. [PMID: 29099748 PMCID: PMC5713290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes recent advances in the comprehension of signaling pathways involved in breast cancer progression. Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), caveolae signaling, signaling referred to hypoxia-inducing factors and disturbances in the apoptotic machinery are related to more general biological mechanisms and are considered first. The others refer to signaling pathways of more specific biological mechanisms, namely the heparin/heparin-sulfate interactome, over-expression of miRNA-378a-5p, restriction of luminal and basal epithelial cells, fatty-acid synthesis, molecular pathways related to epithelial to mesenchimal transition (EMT), HER-2/neu gene amplification and protein expression, and the expression of other members of the epithelial growth factor receptor family. This progress in basic research is fundamental to foster the ongoing efforts that use the new genotyping technologies, and aim at defining new prognostic and predictive biomarkers for a better personalized management of breast cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lucrezia Diodati
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Angelo Carpi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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33
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Propylene Glycol Alginate Sodium Sulfate Alleviates Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis by Modulating the MEK/ERK Pathway in Mice. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15020045. [PMID: 28218693 PMCID: PMC5334625 DOI: 10.3390/md15020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have focused on the effects of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (PSS) against thrombosis, but the anti-inflammatory potential is unknown. Therefore, we specifically focused on the protective effects of PSS on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) using a mouse model, and investigated the mechanism of PSS on autophagy and apoptosis via the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Cerulein (100 ug/kg) was used to induce AP by ten intraperitoneal injections at hourly intervals in Balb/C mice. Pretreatment with vehicle or PSS was carried out 1 h before the first cerulein injection and two doses (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) of PSS were injected intraperitoneally. The severity of AP was assessed by pathological score, biochemistry, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and MEK/ERK activity. Furthermore, pancreatic histological scores, serum amylase and lipase activities, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β interleukin (IL)-6 levels, and MPO activity were significantly reduced by PSS via up-regulated MEK/ERK activity. The representative molecules of apoptosis and autophagy, such as Bcl-2, Bax, Lc-3, Beclin-1, P62, were remarkably reduced. Taken together, these results indicate that PSS attenuates pancreas injury by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis through a mechanism involving the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Zhang N, Lu C, Chen L. miR-217 regulates tumor growth and apoptosis by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4589-4597. [PMID: 28105166 PMCID: PMC5228443 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-217 has been reported to participate in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in several cancers; however, its expression and biological functions in colorectal cancer (CRC) are still unclear. The present study demonstrated that miR-217 expression was significantly higher in matched adjacent noncancerous tissues than in CRC tissues (P<0.001). In addition, it was observed that low-grade CRC exhibited greater expression of miR-217 compared with high-grade CRC (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses revealed that overall survival rates were significantly poorer in the low-expression group relative to the high-expression group (P<0.005). Next, a potential miR-217 target, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 1, was identified. Upregulation of miR-217 could significantly downregulate MAPK1 expression. CRC cells overexpressing miR-217 exhibited cell growth inhibition by significant enhancement of apoptosis in vitro. The present study further investigated the MAPK signaling pathway to verify the mechanisms, and revealed that KRAS and Raf-1 expression was downregulated in miR-217-overexpressing RKO cells. Taken together, our results revealed that miR-217 inhibits tumor growth and enhances apoptosis in CRC, and that this is associated with the downregulation of MAPK signaling. These results indicate that miR-217 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- General Surgery Center Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Canrong Lu
- General Surgery Center Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- General Surgery Center Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Wang Q, Zhang L, Yuan X, Ou Y, Zhu X, Cheng Z, Zhang P, Wu X, Meng Y, Zhang L. The Relationship between the Bcl-2/Bax Proteins and the Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis Pathway in the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells into Neurons. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163327. [PMID: 27706181 PMCID: PMC5051896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective is to study the relationship between the regulatory proteins Bcl-2/Bax and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis during the differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) into neurons. Immunocytochemistry and western blotting showed that the cells weakly expressed neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the non-induced group and expressed NSE more strongly in the groups induced for 1 h, 3 h, 5 h and 8 h. NSE expression peaked at 5 h (P < 0.05), although there was no significant difference between 5 and 8 h (P > 0.05). Bcl-2 expression gradually decreased over time in the non-induced group (P < 0.05). However, Bax, caspase-9, Cyt-c and caspase-3 expression gradually increased and peaked at 8 h (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy revealed karyopyknosis, chromatin edge setting, mitochondria swelling and cavitation in cells at 5 h, and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased over time, as demonstrated by laser scanning confocal microscopy. After a 5 h induction, cells differentiated into typical neurons and expressed Bcl-2, which inhibited apoptosis. Bax showed a strong apoptosis-promoting capacity, leading to changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential and structure, and then triggered the caspase-independent apoptotic response through the mitochondrial pathway. At the same time, Cyt-c was directly or indirectly released from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm to trigger the caspase-dependent apoptotic response through the mitochondrial pathway. Therefore, Bcl-2/Bax play an important role in regulating caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial pathway during the differentiation of ADSCs into neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ya Ou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xuhong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zanzan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pingshu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neurological and Biological Function of Hebei Province, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Tangshan, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China, University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, China
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Mohammad RM, Muqbil I, Lowe L, Yedjou C, Hsu HY, Lin LT, Siegelin MD, Fimognari C, Kumar NB, Dou QP, Yang H, Samadi AK, Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Ray SK, Chakrabarti M, Morre JD, Coley HM, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich WG, Yang X, Boosani CS, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Halicka D, Nowsheen S, Azmi AS. Broad targeting of resistance to apoptosis in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S78-S103. [PMID: 25936818 PMCID: PMC4720504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body. Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks to eliminate malignant cells. However, in cancer, de-regulated apoptotic signaling, particularly the activation of an anti-apoptotic systems, allows cancer cells to escape this program leading to uncontrolled proliferation resulting in tumor survival, therapeutic resistance and recurrence of cancer. This resistance is a complicated phenomenon that emanates from the interactions of various molecules and signaling pathways. In this comprehensive review we discuss the various factors contributing to apoptosis resistance in cancers. The key resistance targets that are discussed include (1) Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins; (2) autophagy processes; (3) necrosis and necroptosis; (4) heat shock protein signaling; (5) the proteasome pathway; (6) epigenetic mechanisms; and (7) aberrant nuclear export signaling. The shortcomings of current therapeutic modalities are highlighted and a broad spectrum strategy using approaches including (a) gossypol; (b) epigallocatechin-3-gallate; (c) UMI-77 (d) triptolide and (e) selinexor that can be used to overcome cell death resistance is presented. This review provides a roadmap for the design of successful anti-cancer strategies that overcome resistance to apoptosis for better therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Interim translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Clement Yedjou
- C-SET, [Jackson, #229] State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffit Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - James D Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates
| | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine Creighton University, Omaha NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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Wyrozumska P, Meissner J, Toporkiewicz M, Szarawarska M, Kuliczkowski K, Ugorski M, Walasek MA, Sikorski AF. Liposome-coated lipoplex-based carrier for antisense oligonucleotides. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:66-76. [PMID: 25482931 PMCID: PMC4329851 DOI: 10.4161/15384047.2014.987009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical nature of genetic drugs (e.g. antisense oligonucleotides, siRNA, vectors) requires a suitable carrier system to protect them from enzymatic degradation without changing their properties and enable efficient delivery into target cells. Lipid vectors for nucleic acid delivery that have been widely investigated for years can be very effective. As the majority of attempts made in the field of cancer gene therapy have focused on solid tumors, while blood cancer cells have attracted less attention, the latter became the subject of our investigation. The lipid carrier proposed here is based on liposomes constructed by others but the lipid composition is original. A liposome-coated lipoplex (L-cL) consists of a core arising from complexation of positively charged lipid and negatively charged oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) or plasmid DNA coated by a neutral or anionic lipid bilayer. Moreover, our lipid vector demonstrates size stability and is able to retain a high content of enclosed plasmid DNA or antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (asODNs). Observed transfection efficacies of the tested preparation using a plasmid coding for fluorescent protein were up to 60-85% of examined leukemia cells (Jurkat T and HL-60 lines) in the absence or the presence of serum. When BCL‑2 asODN was encapsulated in the L-cL, specific silencing of this gene product at both the mRNA and protein level and also a markedly decreased cell survival rate were observed in vitro. Moreover, biodistribution analysis in mice indicates prolonged circulation characteristic for PEG-modified liposomal carriers. Experiments on tumor-engrafted animals indicate substantial inhibition of tumor growth.
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Key Words
- AML, acute myeloid leukemia
- BCL-2 gene
- Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2 protein
- CCL, coated cationic liposomes
- DC-CHOL, 3β-(N-[dimethylaminoethane]carbamoyl)cholesterol) DiD-1,1′, dioctadecyl-3,3,3′, 3′-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine
- DOPE, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine)
- DOTAP, 1, 2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane)
- DSPE, PEG-(1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethylene glycol)2000] (ammonium salt)
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- HPC, hydrogenated egg phosphatidylcholine)
- L-cL, liposome-coated lipoplex
- PE/PC, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine liposomes
- acute leukemia
- antisense deoxynucleotides
- asODN, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide
- cationic lipids
- gene therapy
- lipid carrier
- lipoplex
- liposome coated lipoplex
- pDNA, plasmid DNA
- siRNA, small interferingRNA TGI, tumor growth inhibition
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wyrozumska
- a Laboratory of Cytobiochemistry; Biotechnology Faculty ; University of Wrocław ; Wrocław , Poland
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Yuan X, Zhang L, Wang S, Ou Y, Wang Q, Peng W, Luo H, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy in the process of adipose-derived stromal cell differentiation into astrocytes. Cell Biol Int 2015; 40:156-65. [PMID: 26399453 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yuan
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Ya Ou
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Quanquan Wang
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Hongjie Luo
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Zanzan Cheng
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
| | - Xuhong Zhu
- Department of Neurology; Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan 063000 Hebei Province China
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Cierpicki T, Grembecka J. Targeting protein-protein interactions in hematologic malignancies: still a challenge or a great opportunity for future therapies? Immunol Rev 2015; 263:279-301. [PMID: 25510283 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, there has been an increasing research effort focused on inhibition of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) to develop novel therapeutic approaches for cancer, including hematologic malignancies. These efforts have led to development of small molecule inhibitors of PPIs, some of which already advanced to the stage of clinical trials while others are at different stages of preclinical optimization, emphasizing PPIs as an emerging and attractive class of drug targets. Here, we review several examples of recently developed inhibitors of PPIs highly relevant to hematologic cancers. We address the existing skepticism about feasibility of targeting PPIs and emphasize potential therapeutic benefit from blocking PPIs in hematologic malignancies. We then use these examples to discuss the approaches for successful identification of PPI inhibitors and provide analysis of the protein-protein interfaces, with the goal to address 'druggability' of new PPIs relevant to hematology. We discuss lessons learned to improve the success of targeting new PPIs and evaluate prospects and limits of the research in this field. We conclude that not all PPIs are equally tractable for blocking by small molecules, and detailed analysis of PPI interfaces is critical for selection of those with the highest chance of success. Together, our analysis uncovers patterns that should help to advance drug discovery in hematologic malignancies by successful targeting of new PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Cierpicki
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Lu X, Zhao J, Li T, Huang M, Liang J, Wei W. 5,7-Dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone induces apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK and Akt pathways in human osteosarcoma cells. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:59-64. [PMID: 25363142 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2014.984064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are known to prevent tumor progression by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In this study we determine the effect of 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone, a phytoestrogen, on proliferation and apoptosis in the human osteosarcoma (OS) cell line U2OS. 5,7-Dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone dose-dependently inhibited proliferation in U2OS cells, which was accompanied by an increase of early apoptotic cells. However, 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone had little effect on the growth and apoptosis of normal human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. This may indicate that 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone can selectively inhibit the proliferation of cancerous cells. Meanwhile, 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone decreased the protein levels of phosphorylated ERK and Akt. Inactivation of these pathways was confirmed by upregulation of Bax expression and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression. Phosphorylated Akt protein levels were decreased in HSF cells only at a high concentration (80 μM) of 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone. Together, we suggest that 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone promotes cell death of human OS cells U2OS by induction of apoptosis, which is associated with the inhibition of ERK and Akt signaling. Thus, 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone may have less toxicity compared to normal tissue and could be a potential therapy for OS.
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Wang NN, Li ZH, Zhao H, Tao YF, Xu LX, Lu J, Cao L, Du XJ, Sun LC, Zhao WL, Xiao PF, Fang F, Su GH, Li YH, Li G, Li YP, Xu YY, Zhou HT, Wu Y, Jin MF, Liu L, Ni J, Wang J, Hu SY, Zhu XM, Feng X, Pan J. Molecular targeting of the oncoprotein PLK1 in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: RO3280, a novel PLK1 inhibitor, induces apoptosis in leukemia cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1266-92. [PMID: 25574601 PMCID: PMC4307303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is highly expressed in many cancers and therefore a biomarker of transformation and potential target for the development of cancer-specific small molecule drugs. RO3280 was recently identified as a novel PLK1 inhibitor; however its therapeutic effects in leukemia treatment are still unknown. We found that the PLK1 protein was highly expressed in leukemia cell lines as well as 73.3% (11/15) of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples. PLK1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in AML samples compared with control samples (82.95 ± 110.28 vs. 6.36 ± 6.35; p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that shorter survival time correlated with high tumor PLK1 expression (p = 0.002). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RO3280 for acute leukemia cells was between 74 and 797 nM. The IC50 of RO3280 in primary acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and AML cells was between 35.49 and 110.76 nM and 52.80 and 147.50 nM, respectively. RO3280 induced apoptosis and cell cycle disorder in leukemia cells. RO3280 treatment regulated several apoptosis-associated genes. The regulation of DCC, CDKN1A, BTK, and SOCS2 was verified by western blot. These results provide insights into the potential use of RO3280 for AML therapy; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Zhi-Heng Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Yan-Fang Tao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Li-Xiao Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Lan Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Xiao-Juan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 5th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Yinchuan 750000, China.
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Wen-Li Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Pei-Fang Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Guang-Hao Su
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Yun-Yun Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Mei-Fang Jin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Jian Ni
- Translational Research Center, Second Hospital, The Second Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Xue-Ming Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
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Zheng J, Du W, Song LJ, Zhang R, Sun LG, Chen FG, Wei XT. Norcantharidin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of glioma cells by blocking the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:207. [PMID: 25022352 PMCID: PMC4114108 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant gliomas represent the most common primary brain tumors. The prognosis of patients with malignant gliomas is poor in spite of current intensive therapy and novel therapeutic modalities are needed. Here we report that norcantharidin is effective in growth inhibition of glioma cell lines in vitro. Methods Glioma cell lines (U87 and C6) were treated with norcantharidin. The effects of norcantharidin on the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells were measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Western blotting was employed to determine the signaling pathway changes. Results The results showed that norcantharidin effectively inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in glioma cells, which was concurrent with inhibition of the expression of phospho-MEK and phospho-ERK. Furthermore, the expression anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 significantly reduced, but no changes in Bcl-xL and Bax. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that norcantharidin is effective for growth inhibition of glioma cell lines and suggest that norcantharidin may be a new therapeutic option for patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, 56 Jinsui Avenue, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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López Villar E, Wu D, Cho WC, Madero L, Wang X. Proteomics-based discovery of biomarkers for paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: challenges and opportunities. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1239-46. [PMID: 24912534 PMCID: PMC4124009 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are important breakthroughs in the treatment of paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) since 1950, by which the prognosis of the child majority suffered from ALL has been improved. However, there are urgent needs to have disease-specific biomarkers to monitor the therapeutic efficacy and predict the patient prognosis. The present study overviewed proteomics-based research on paediatric ALL to discuss important advances to combat cancer cells and search novel and real protein biomarkers of resistance or sensitivity to drugs which target the signalling networks. We highlighted the importance and significance of a proper phospho-quantitative design and strategy for paediatric ALL between relapse and remission, when human body fluids from cerebrospinal, peripheral blood, or bone-marrow were applied. The present article also assessed the schedule for the analysis of body fluids from patients at different states, importance of proteomics-based tools to discover ALL-specific and sensitive biomarkers, to stimulate paediatric ALL research via proteomics to ‘build’ the reference map of the signalling networks from leukemic cells at relapse, and to monitor significant clinical therapies for ALL-relapse.
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