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Ma X, Gao H, Wu Y, Zhu X, Wu S, Lin L. Investigating Modifiable Risk Factors Across Dementia Subtypes: Insights from the UK Biobank. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1967. [PMID: 39335481 PMCID: PMC11428917 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12091967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between modifiable risk factors and dementia subtypes using data from 460,799 participants in the UK Biobank. Utilizing univariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, we examined the associations between 83 modifiable risk factors and the risks of all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD). Composite scores for different domains were generated by aggregating risk factors associated with ACD, AD, and VD, respectively, and their joint associations were assessed in multivariable Cox models. Additionally, population attributable fractions (PAF) were utilized to estimate the potential impact of eliminating adverse characteristics of the risk domains. Our findings revealed that an unfavorable medical history significantly increased the risk of ACD, AD, and VD (hazard ratios (HR) = 1.88, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.74-2.03, p < 0.001; HR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.54-2.10, p < 0.001; HR = 2.39, 95% CI: 2.10-2.71, p < 0.001, respectively). Blood markers (PAF = 12.1%; 17.4%) emerged as the most important risk domain for preventing ACD and VD, while psychiatric factors (PAF = 18.3%) were the most important for preventing AD. This study underscores the potential for preventing dementia and its subtypes through targeted interventions for modifiable risk factors. The distinct insights provided by HR and PAF emphasize the importance of considering both the strength of the associations and the population-level impact of dementia prevention strategies. Our research provides valuable guidance for developing effective public health interventions aimed at reducing the burden of dementia, representing a significant advancement in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (X.M.); (H.G.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (S.W.)
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2
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Xie X, Wang L, Dong S, Ge S, Zhu T. Immune regulation of the gut-brain axis and lung-brain axis involved in ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:519-528. [PMID: 37721279 PMCID: PMC10581566 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.380869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Local ischemia often causes a series of inflammatory reactions when both brain immune cells and the peripheral immune response are activated. In the human body, the gut and lung are regarded as the key reactional targets that are initiated by brain ischemic attacks. Mucosal microorganisms play an important role in immune regulation and metabolism and affect blood-brain barrier permeability. In addition to the relationship between peripheral organs and central areas and the intestine and lung also interact among each other. Here, we review the molecular and cellular immune mechanisms involved in the pathways of inflammation across the gut-brain axis and lung-brain axis. We found that abnormal intestinal flora, the intestinal microenvironment, lung infection, chronic diseases, and mechanical ventilation can worsen the outcome of ischemic stroke. This review also introduces the influence of the brain on the gut and lungs after stroke, highlighting the bidirectional feedback effect among the gut, lungs, and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Xie
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shanshan Dong
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - ShanChun Ge
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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3
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Mezuki S, Matsuo R, Irie F, Shono Y, Kuwashiro T, Sugimori H, Wakisaka Y, Ago T, Kamouchi M, Kitazono T. Body temperature in the acute phase and clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296639. [PMID: 38206979 PMCID: PMC10783745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine whether post-stroke early body temperature is associated with neurological damage in the acute phase and functional outcomes at three months. METHODS We included 7,177 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 h of onset. Axillary temperature was measured daily in the morning for seven days. Mean body temperature was grouped into five quintiles (Q1: 35.1‒36.5°C, Q2: 36.5‒36.7°C, Q3: 36.7‒36.8°C, Q4: 36.8‒37.1°C, and Q5: 37.1‒39.1°C). Clinical outcomes included neurological improvement during hospitalization and poor functional outcome (modified Rankin scale score, 3-6) at three months. A logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between body temperature and clinical outcomes. RESULTS The patient's mean (SD) age was 70.6 (12.3) years, and 35.7% of patients were women. Mean body temperature was significantly associated with less neurological improvement from Q2 (odds ratios [95% confidence interval], 0.77 [0.65-0.99] vs. Q1) to Q5 (0.33 [0.28-0.40], P for trend <0.001) even after adjusting for potential confounders, including baseline neurological severity, C-reactive protein levels, and post-stroke acute infections. The multivariable-adjusted risk of poor functional outcome linearly increased from Q2 (1.36 [1.03-1.79]) to Q5 (6.44 [5.19-8.96], P for trend <0.001). These associations were maintained even in the analyses excluding patients with acute infectious diseases. Multivariable-adjusted risk of poor functional outcome was higher in patients with early body temperature elevation on days 1-3 and with longer duration with body temperature >37.0°C. CONCLUSIONS Post-stroke early high body temperature is independently associated with unfavorable outcomes following acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Mezuki
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryu Matsuo
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Study, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumi Irie
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Study, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuji Shono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kuwashiro
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugimori
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Wakisaka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Study, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ago
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Study, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kamouchi
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Study, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Study, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Chen R, Jiang G, Liu Y, Pan H, Yan L, Zhao L, Zhao Y, Ji Q. Predictive effects of S100β and CRP levels on hemorrhagic transformation in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis: A concise review based on our center experience. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35149. [PMID: 37747023 PMCID: PMC10519468 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is one of the most dangerous complications after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Therefore, we want to explore the predictive effects of peripheral blood S100β and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels on hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in AIS patients. Ninety-two AIS patients who had been treated in Huai'an Second People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected. Patients were divided into hemorrhagic transformation (HT) groups (24 cases) and no HT groups (68 cases) based on whether there was hemorrhagic transformation within 24 h after intravenous thrombolysis. General clinical data from the HT group and no HT group were compared. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the potential risk factors of HT after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with AIS. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of risk factors for HT. High serum S100β, CRP levels, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were found to be risk factors for HT after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with AIS (all P < .05). The ROC curve analysis showed that critical value of S100β, CRP level, and NIHSS score for predicting intravenous thrombolytic HT in AIS patients were 0.335, 8.700, and 14.50, respectively, and their sensitivities were 0.750, 0.971, and 0.333 ( P < .05), respectively. High serum S100β and CRP levels are risk factors for HT after intravenous thrombolysis in AIS patients and have predictive influence of the occurrence of HT in AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Guanghui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Emergency, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Luxia Yan
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an and The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Qiuhong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Bhowmik KK, Barek MA, Aziz MA, Islam MS. A systematic review and meta-analysis of abnormalities in hematological and biochemical markers among Bangladeshi COVID-19 cases. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e728. [PMID: 35899180 PMCID: PMC9309618 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Abnormalities in hematological and biochemical markers are assumed to be associated with the progression of COVID-19 disease. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the consequences of abnormalities of biomarkers (D-dimers, C-reactive protein [CRP], serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], random blood sugar [RBS], absolute neutrophil count [ANC], neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), serum creatinine, and hemoglobin) in the Bangladeshi COVID-19 patients. Methods The data of biomarker levels in Bangladeshi COVID-19 patients were gathered from five databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Bangladesh Journals Online between January 2020 to March 2022. Review Manager 5.4 was used for the meta-analysis, and Egger's test and Begg-Mazumdar's rank correlation were used to investigate publication bias. Results This study included 1542 patients with 567 severe and 975 nonsevere statuses. Based on the accumulated data synthesis, there is a strong correlation between disease severity and different biomarkers, including D-dimer, CRP, ferritin, LDH, RBS, NLR, and serum creatinine (MD = 1.16, p = 0.0004; MD = 22.97, p = 0.003; MD = 419.26, p < 0.00001; MD = 118.37, p = 0.004; MD = 1.96, p = 0.02; MD = 1.26, p = 0.02; and MD = 0.31, p = 0.008, respectively). A significantly decreased correlation was observed for hemoglobin levels in severe COVID-19 patients (MD = -0.73, p = 0.10). Conclusion The elevated biomarkers level was noticed in severe cases compared to nonsevere patients, revealing that D-dimer, CRP, ferritin, LDH, RBS, NLR, and serum creatinine are significantly correlated to COVID-19 severity. Only lower hemoglobin level was found to be associated with COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khokon Kanti Bhowmik
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of PharmacyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Barek
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of PharmacyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of PharmacyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
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Kwon HS, Ko JS, Lee JH, Kwon KY, Han JH. A Positive Association between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and White Matter Hyperintensity. Korean J Fam Med 2022; 43:193-198. [PMID: 35610965 PMCID: PMC9136501 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is a risk factor for dementia and ischemic stroke. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a simple and cost-effective marker for the prediction of various vascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between AIP and WMH in adults without cerebrovascular accidents. METHODS We analyzed the data of 281 adults, aged ≥26 years, who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the health promotion center of an education hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. Participants were divided into three categories according to tertiles of the AIP scores (T1: <0.20; T2: 0.20-0.48; and T3: >0.48). WMH was defined as a modified Fazekas scale score of 1-3 on brain MRI. A cubic spline curve was used to determine the linearity of the relationship between AIP and WMH. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the AIP and WMH. RESULTS The prevalence of WMH was 45.7% in T1, 57.0% in T2, and 66.0% in T3 (T3 vs. T1, P for post-hoc analysis=0.005). The increased odds of WMH were associated with increased AIP. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for WMH of T2 and T3 compared with T1 were 1.57 (0.88-2.80) and 2.30 (1.28-4.14), respectively. After adjusting for confounding variables, the OR with a 95% CI for WMH in the T2 and T3 groups vs. the referent T1 were 1.55 (0.76-3.13) and 2.27 (1.06-4.84), respectively. CONCLUSION AIP is independently and positively associated with WMH in a healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Suk Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Seong Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kil-Young Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Hye Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zeng J, Bao T, Yang K, Zhu X, Wang S, Xiang W, Ge A, Zeng L, Ge J. The mechanism of microglia-mediated immune inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical components in regulating microglia: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1047550. [PMID: 36818470 PMCID: PMC9933144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1047550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms of IS. In particular, the early proinflammatory response resulting from the overactivation of resident microglia and the infiltration of circulating monocytes and macrophages in the brain after cerebral ischemia leads to secondary brain injury. Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain that constantly monitor the brain microenvironment under normal conditions. Once ischemia occurs, microglia are activated to produce dual effects of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, and the balance of the two effects determines the fate of damaged neurons. The activation of microglia is defined as the classical activation (M1 type) or alternative activation (M2 type). M1 type microglia secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic mediators to exacerbate neuronal damage, while M2 type microglia promote a repairing anti-inflammatory response. Fine regulation of M1/M2 microglial activation to minimize damage and maximize protection has important therapeutic value. This review focuses on the interaction between M1/M2 microglia and other immune cells involved in the regulation of IS phenotypic characteristics, and the mechanism of natural plant components regulating microglia after IS, providing novel candidate drugs for regulating microglial balance and IS drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | | | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Bryant JD, Kodali M, Shuai B, Menissy SS, Graves PJ, Phan TT, Dantzer R, Shetty AK, Ciaccia West L, West AP. Neuroimmune mechanisms of cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Gulf War illness. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 97:204-218. [PMID: 34333111 PMCID: PMC8453129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic, multi-symptom disorder affecting approximately 30 percent of the nearly 700,000 Veterans of the 1991 Persian Gulf War. GWI-related chemical (GWIC) exposure promotes immune activation that correlates with cognitive impairment and other symptoms of GWI. However, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways linking GWIC to inflammation and neurological symptoms remain unclear. Here we show that acute exposure of murine macrophages to GWIC potentiates innate immune signaling and inflammatory cytokine production. Using an established mouse model of GWI, we report that neurobehavioral changes and neuroinflammation are attenuated in mice lacking the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) and NOD-, LRR- or pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) innate immune pathways. In addition, we report sex differences in response to GWIC, with female mice showing more pronounced cognitive impairment and hippocampal astrocyte hypertrophy. In contrast, male mice display a GWIC-dependent upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in the plasma that is not present in female mice. Our results indicate that STING and NLRP3 are key mediators of the cognitive impairment and inflammation observed in GWI and provide important new information on sex differences in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Bryant
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Maheedhar Kodali
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Bing Shuai
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Saeed S. Menissy
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Paige J. Graves
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Thien Trong Phan
- Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashok K. Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Laura Ciaccia West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA.
| | - A. Phillip West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA,Corresponding authors. (L. Ciaccia West), (A.P. West)
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Luan YY, Yin CH, Yao YM. Update Advances on C-Reactive Protein in COVID-19 and Other Viral Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:720363. [PMID: 34447386 PMCID: PMC8382792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.720363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest as a viral-induced hyperinflammation with multiorgan dysfunction. It has been documented that severe COVID-19 is associated with higher levels of inflammatory mediators than a mild disease, and tracking these markers may allow early identification or even prediction of disease progression. It is well known that C-reactive protein (CRP) is the acute-phase protein and the active regulator of host innate immunity, which is highly predictive of the need for mechanical ventilation and may guide escalation of treatment of COVID-19-related uncontrolled inflammation. There are numerous causes of an elevated CRP, including acute and chronic responses, and these can be infectious or non-infectious in etiology. CRP are normally lacking in viral infections, while adaptive immunity appears to be essential for COVID-19 virus clearance, and the macrophage activation syndrome may explain the high serum CRP contents and contribute to the disease progression. Nevertheless, for the assessment of host inflammatory status and identification of viral infection in other pathologies, such as bacterial sepsis, the acute-phase proteins, including CRP and procalcitonin, can provide more important information for guiding clinical diagnosis and antibiotic therapy. This review is aimed to highlight the current and most recent studies with regard to the clinical significance of CRP in severe COVID-19 and other viral associated illnesses, including update advances on the implication of CRP and its form specifically on the pathogenesis of these diseases. The progressive understanding in these areas may be translated into promising measures to prevent severe outcomes and mitigate appropriate treatment modalities in critical COVID-19 and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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10
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Poon CL, Chen CY. Exploring the Impact of Cerebrovascular Disease and Major Depression on Non-diseased Human Tissue Transcriptomes. Front Genet 2021; 12:696836. [PMID: 34349785 PMCID: PMC8327210 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.696836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of complex diseases is contributed by the combination of multiple factors and complicated interactions between them. Inflammation has recently been associated with many complex diseases and may cause long-term damage to the human body. In this study, we examined whether two types of complex disease, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) or major depression (MD), systematically altered the transcriptomes of non-diseased human tissues and whether inflammation is linked to identifiable molecular signatures, using post-mortem samples from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Results Following a series of differential expression analyses, dozens to hundreds of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in multiple tissues between subjects with and without a history of CVD or MD. DEGs from these disease-associated tissues-the visceral adipose, tibial artery, caudate, and spinal cord for CVD; and the hypothalamus, putamen, and spinal cord for MD-were further analyzed for functional enrichment. Many pathways associated with immunological events were enriched in the upregulated DEGs of the CVD-associated tissues, as were the neurological and metabolic pathways in DEGs of the MD-associated tissues. Eight gene-tissue pairs were found to overlap with those prioritized by our transcriptome-wide association studies, indicating a potential genetic effect on gene expression for circulating cytokine phenotypes. Conclusion Cerebrovascular disease and major depression cause detectable changes in the gene expression of non-diseased tissues, suggesting that a possible long-term impact of diseases, lifestyles and environmental factors may together contribute to the appearance of "transcriptomic scars" on the human body. Furthermore, inflammation is probably one of the systemic and long-lasting effects of cerebrovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Lam Poon
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cho-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Jiang J, Tan C, Zhou W, Peng W, Zhou X, Du J, Wang H, Mo L, Liu X, Chen L. Plasma C-Reactive Protein Level and Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated by Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur Neurol 2021; 84:145-150. [PMID: 33839726 DOI: 10.1159/000514099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level in predicting prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is not yet established. This study is aiming to investigate the relationship between the plasma CRP level and outcome of AIS patients receiving IVT. METHODS PubMed and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies that evaluated the relationship between the CRP level and outcome of AIS patients receiving IVT. STATA 12.0 was used to pool the data for meta-analysis. RESULTS In total, 8 studies were included. Six studies reported a positive relationship between the high CRP level and unfavorable outcome at 3 months. Five studies associated the high plasma CRP level with high mortality at 3 months. And meta-analysis further confirmed that the high CRP level was related to unfavorable outcomes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.716, 95% CI: 1.170-2.517, p = 0.006) and mortality (OR = 2.751, 95% CI: 1.613-4.693, p < 0.001) at 3 months. However, an elevated CRP level was not found to increase the risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. CONCLUSION A high plasma CRP level was associated with a 3-month poor outcome of AIS patients treated with IVT. CRP may be used as a biomarker for the risk stratification of AIS patients as candidates receiving IVT or other alternative therapy such as mechanical thrombectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changhong Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuxue Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juncong Du
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Mo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lifen Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Hakoupian M, Ferino E, Jickling GC, Amini H, Stamova B, Ander BP, Alomar N, Sharp FR, Zhan X. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide is associated with stroke. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6570. [PMID: 33753837 PMCID: PMC7985504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine if plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) are associated with different causes of stroke and correlate with C-reactive protein (CRP), LPS-binding protein (LBP), and the NIH stroke scale (NIHSS). Ischemic stroke (cardioembolic (CE), large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), small vessel occlusion (SVO)), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), transient ischemic attack (TIA) and control subjects were compared (n = 205). Plasma LPS, LTA, CRP, and LBP levels were quantified by ELISA. LPS and CRP levels were elevated in ischemic strokes (CE, LAA, SVO) and ICH compared to controls. LBP levels were elevated in ischemic strokes (CE, LAA) and ICH. LTA levels were increased in SVO stroke compared to TIA but not controls. LPS levels correlated with CRP and LBP levels in stroke and TIA. LPS, LBP and CRP levels positively correlated with the NIHSS and WBC count but negatively correlated with total cholesterol. Plasma LPS and LBP associate with major causes of ischemic stroke and with ICH, whereas LPS/LBP do not associate with TIAs. LTA only associated with SVO stroke. LPS positively correlated with CRP, LBP, and WBC but negatively correlated with cholesterol. Higher LPS levels were associated with worse stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Hakoupian
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Eva Ferino
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Glen C Jickling
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hajar Amini
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Boryana Stamova
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Bradley P Ander
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Noor Alomar
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Frank R Sharp
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA. .,Department of Neurology and MIND Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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13
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Is multiple sclerosis a risk factor for atherosclerosis? J Neuroradiol 2021; 48:99-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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The Association Between Long Working Hours and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Older Aged Individuals: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2015. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:775-780. [PMID: 29794555 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to show the association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level with working hours in different age groups. METHODS We used data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of variables for elevated hs-CRP (>3.0 mg/L) were generated with logistic regression models. Significant variables were verified with an adjusted multivariate logistic model after stratification of age groups. RESULTS Working for more than 55 hours per week was associated with elevated hs-CRP level in the old-ages group (≥ 60 years old: OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 4.45). Working for 40 to 55 hours per week was associated with decreased hs-CRP in the young-ages group (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.93). CONCLUSION Working hours appear to influence the levels of hs-CRP in individuals aged older than 60 years.
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15
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Does Weekend Catch-up Sleep Affect High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels Among Korean Workers?: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KNHANES. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:e367-e373. [PMID: 31490324 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether weekend catch-up sleep (CUS) influenced serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in workers. METHODS We analyzed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016) data from 3304 workers. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals based on serum hs-CRP cut-off values of 1.0 and 3.0 mg/L, respectively. RESULTS We found that at least 1-hour and less than 2 hours of weekend CUS reduced the risk of elevated hs-CRP levels (odds ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.99) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION CUS may reduce serum hs-CRP levels in workers, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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16
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Zong C, Zhang D, Jiang F, Yang H, Liu S, Li P. Metal-enhanced chemiluminescence detection of C-reaction protein based on silver nanoparticle hybrid probes. Talanta 2019; 199:164-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Amorim JSCD, Torres KCL, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA, Lima-Costa MF, Peixoto SV. Inflammatory markers and occurrence of falls: Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging. Rev Saude Publica 2019; 53:35. [PMID: 30942277 PMCID: PMC6474745 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze whether inflammatory markers are associated with falls among older adults living in Bambuí. METHODS Study that analyzed baseline data from a Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging, involving 1,250 participants. Data about falls were collected from previous 12 months, classified as single or multiple occurrence and severity (participant seeking health services). Information about sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors and health condition was also collected and used as confounding factors. The exposures of interest included interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) and chemokines (CXCL9, CCL5, CCL10, MCP1). Data were processed through logistic regression, obtaining odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). RESULTS The prevalence of falls was 27.1%; 40.1% of the older adults reported multiple falls and 33.3% sought health services. After adjustments, the following elevated levels were associated with falls: us-CRP (OR = 1.46, 95%CI 1.04–2.03), CCL5 (OR = 1.38, 95%CI 1.01–1.90) and CXCL9 (OR = 1.43, 95%CI 1.02–2.02). An association was observed between the number of elevated markers and the occurrence of falls: two (OR = 1.47, 95%CI 1.02–2.12) and three (OR = 2.08, 95%CI 1.12–3.87) elevated biomarkers indicated fall probability of 32.0% and 39.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Elevated levels of us-CRP, CCL5 and CXCL9, which were associated with falls, may contribute to a proper understanding of the mechanism associated with the occurrence of falls among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juleimar Soares Coelho de Amorim
- Instituto René Rachou. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fiocruz Minas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Karen Cecília Lima Torres
- Instituto René Rachou. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fiocruz Minas. Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Instituto René Rachou. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fiocruz Minas. Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Instituto René Rachou. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fiocruz Minas. Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Instituto René Rachou. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fiocruz Minas. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Sérgio Viana Peixoto
- Instituto René Rachou. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fiocruz Minas. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Enfermagem. Departamento de Enfermagem Aplicada. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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18
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Di Napoli M, Slevin M, Popa-Wagner A, Singh P, Lattanzi S, Divani AA. Monomeric C-Reactive Protein and Cerebral Hemorrhage: From Bench to Bedside. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1921. [PMID: 30254628 PMCID: PMC6141664 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important mediator and a hallmark of the acute-phase response to inflammation. High-sensitivity assays that accurately measure levels of CRP have been recommended for use in risk assessment in ischemic stroke patients. Elevation of CRP during the acute-phase response in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is also associated with the outcomes such as death and vascular complications. However, no association has been found with the increased risk of ICH. The aim of this review is to synthesize the published literature on the associations of CRP with acute ICH both as a risk biomarker and predictor of short- and long-term outcomes as well as its role as a pathogenic determinant. We believe before any clinical utility, a critical appraisal of the strengths and deficiencies of the accumulated evidence is required both to evaluate the current state of knowledge and to improve the design of future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Di Napoli
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Camillo de' Lellis General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Mark Slevin
- Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Puneetpal Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Afshin A Divani
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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19
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Luan YY, Yao YM. The Clinical Significance and Potential Role of C-Reactive Protein in Chronic Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1302. [PMID: 29951057 PMCID: PMC6008573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein synthesized by hepatocytes in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines during inflammatory/infectious processes. CRP exists in conformationally distinct forms such as the native pentameric CRP and monomeric CRP (mCRP) and may bind to distinct receptors and lipid rafts and exhibit different functional properties. It is known as a biomarker of acute inflammation, but many large-scale prospective studies demonstrate that CRP is also known to be associated with chronic inflammation. This review is focused on discussing the clinical significance of CRP in chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, age-related macular degeneration, hemorrhagic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, including recent advances on the implication of CRP and its forms specifically on the pathogenesis of these diseases. Overall, we highlight the advances in these areas that may be translated into promising measures for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Ocakli B, Acarturk E, Aksoy E, Gungor S, Ciyiltepe F, Oztas S, Ozmen I, Agca MC, Salturk C, Adiguzel N, Karakurt Z. The impact of exposure to biomass smoke versus cigarette smoke on inflammatory markers and pulmonary function parameters in patients with chronic respiratory failure. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:1261-1267. [PMID: 29713159 PMCID: PMC5912365 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s162658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of exposure to biomass smoke vs cigarette smoke on serum inflammatory markers and pulmonary function parameters in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF). Patients and methods A total of 106 patients with CRF divided into age and gender-matched groups of cigarette-smoke exposure (n=55, mean [SD] age: 71.0 [12.0] years, 92.7% were females) and biomass smoke exposure (n=51, mean [SD] age: 73.0 [11.0] years, 94.1% were females) were included in this retrospective study. Data on patient demographics (age and gender), inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, platelet/mean platelet volume ratio, arterial blood gas analysis, and pulmonary function test findings, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were obtained from medical records. Results Carbon dioxide partial pressure levels were significantly higher in the biomass smoke exposure than in the cigarette smoke exposure group (mean [SD] 51.0 [8.0] vs 47.0 [8.0] mmHg, p=0.026, respectively). Spirometry revealed similarly low levels for FEV1 (%) (38.0 [16.0] vs 40.0 [12.0]%) and FVC (%) (45.0 [19.0] vs 39.0 [19.0]%) in cigarette-smoke and biomass smoke exposure groups, whereas biomass smoke exposure was associated with significantly higher FEV1/FVC (75.0 [14.0] vs 58.0 [12.0]%, p=0.001), lower FVC (mL) (mean [SD] 744.0 [410.0] vs 1,063.0 [592.0] mL, p=0.035) and lower percentage of patients with FEV1/FVC <70% (36.8% vs 82.0%, p<0.001) than cigarette smoke exposure. Conclusion Our findings indicate similarly increased inflammatory markers and abnormally low pulmonary function test findings in both biomass smoke exposure and cigarette smoke exposure groups, emphasizing the adverse effects of biomass smoke exposure on lungs to be as significant as cigarette smoke exposure. Association of biomass smoke exposure with higher likelihood of FEV1/FVC ratio of >70% and more prominent loss of vital capacity than cigarette smoke exposure seems to indicate the likelihood of at least 18 years of biomass exposure to be sufficiently high to be responsible for both obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Ocakli
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eylem Acarturk
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Aksoy
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Gungor
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fulya Ciyiltepe
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selahattin Oztas
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ipek Ozmen
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meltem Coban Agca
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Salturk
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nalan Adiguzel
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Karakurt
- Department of Chest Diseases, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Kuganesan T, Huang AR. Stroke as an atypical initial presentation of giant cell arteritis. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:55. [PMID: 29466947 PMCID: PMC5822601 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an immune mediated inflammatory disease of medium and large arteries which afflicts older people. The classical presentation features include: headache, visual disturbances, and jaw claudication. Patients diagnosed with GCA have also been observed to be at higher risk for the subsequent development of strokes. Case presentation We describe a case of an 84-year old right-handed man who presented to hospital with dysarthria, dysphagia, right-sided facial drop, a history of generalized weakness and multiple falls. He was admitted to geriatric medicine with the working diagnosis of a posterior circulation stroke syndrome. He was also started on antibiotic treatment for a possible community-acquired pneumonia because of the presence of a low-grade fever and a chest radiograph showing ill-defined left lower lobe airspace disease. Initial lab results were remarkable for an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 112 mm/h and a C-reactive protein (CRP) level of 110 mg/L consistent with an active inflammatory state. Neurovascular imaging showed mild atherosclerotic changes of the aortic arch and proximal great vessels without significant stenosis. The patient was started on daily high-dose prednisone because of the possibility of a cerebral vasculitis. Bilateral biopsy of temporal arteries showed giant cell arteritis. The patient’s neurologic status and inflammatory markers significantly improved (ESR 52 mm/h, CRP 7.0 mg/L) and he was eventually discharged to a seniors home with services. Conclusion The initial presentation of giant cell arteritis as a stroke syndrome, especially in the posterior circulation territory, is exceedingly rare. Other atypical presenting symptoms may include chronic cough and fever of unknown origin. The elevated ESR and CRP levels were clues to the diagnosis and clinical decision-making should be driven by a high index of suspicion since no single test (ESR, CRP, temporal artery biopsy) has perfect sensitivity. Elevated CRP may have a role in increasing stroke risk. This case report illustrates that in older people clinicians must consider atypical presentations of disease more often since timely diagnosis and initiation of treatment can result in optimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharsika Kuganesan
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland school of medicine, 216 Smoothwater Terrace, Markham, Ontario, L6B 0M8, Canada.
| | - Allen R Huang
- University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Avenue, Box 678, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4E9, Canada
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Katsiki N, Kolovou G, Perez-Martinez P, Mikhailidis DP. Dyslipidaemia in the elderly: to treat or not to treat? Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018; 11:259-278. [PMID: 29303009 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1425138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The elderly population (i.e. aged ≥ 65 years) is increasing worldwide. Ageing is associated with a higher incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Areas covered: The prevalence of CVD risk factors including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia also increases with advancing age, contributing to the higher absolute CVD risk observed in the elderly. The present narrative review comments on the associations of dyslipidaemia with CVD as well as the effects of lifestyle measures and lipid-lowering drugs on lipids and CVD risk with a special focus on the elderly population. Individual treatment goals and therapeutic options according to current guidelines are also reviewed. Finally, we discuss special characteristics of the elderly that may influence the efficacy and safety of drug therapy and should be considered before selection of hypolipidaemic pharmacotherapy. Expert commentary: There may be a greater CVD benefit in older patients following drug therapy compared with younger ones. Treatment goals and therapeutic options should be individualized according to current guidelines. Specific characteristics that may influence the efficacy and safety of drug therapy in the elderly should be considered in relation to dyslipidaemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Katsiki
- a Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Genovefa Kolovou
- b Cardiology Department and LDL-Apheresis Unit , Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center , Athens , Greece
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- c Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit , IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Spain
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- d Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL) , London , UK
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23
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Wang A, Liu J, Li C, Gao J, Li X, Chen S, Wu S, Ding H, Fan H, Hou S. Cumulative Exposure to High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Predicts the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005610. [PMID: 29066453 PMCID: PMC5721824 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One measurement of hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to characterize the association of cumulative exposure to increased hs-CRP with incident cardiovascular events. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 53 065 participants with hs-CRP measured at 3 examinations in 2006, 2008, and 2010. Cumulative exposure to hs-CRP was calculated as the weighted sum of the average hs-CRP level for each time interval (level×time). Participants were classified into nonexposed group (hs-CRP<3.0 mg/L in all 3 examinations), 1-exposed group (hs-CRP≥3.0 mg/L in 1 of the 3 examinations), 2-exposed group (hs-CRP≥3.0 mg/L in 2 of the 3 examinations), and 3-exposed group (hs-CRP≥3.0 mg/L in 3 examinations). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of cumulative hs-CRP with incident CVD. The study showed a dose-response pattern with risk of CVD and myocardial infarction as the number of years of exposure to hs-CRP increases. Participants in the 3-exposed group had significantly increased CVD risk with hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.38 (1.11-1.72), in comparison with 1.28 (1.07-1.52) for participants in the 2-exposed group and 1.13 (0.97-1.31) for those in the 1-exposed group (P<0.05); meanwhile, the similar and significant associations were also observed for myocardial infarction with respective hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.13 (1.42-3.18), 1.60 (1.12-2.27), and 1.57 (1.17-2.10). The associations between stroke and cumulative hs-CRP were not statistically significant (P=0.360). CONCLUSIONS Cumulative exposure to hs-CRP was dose dependently associated with a subsequent increased risk of CVD and myocardial infarction. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: ChiCTR-TNC-11001489.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitian Wang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Intensive medicine, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chinese People's Liberation Army, Institute of Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Army Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Chunguang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Workers' Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jingli Gao
- Department of Intensive medicine, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Department of Intensive medicine, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chinese People's Liberation Army, Institute of Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Army Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chinese People's Liberation Army, Institute of Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Army Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chinese People's Liberation Army, Institute of Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Army Police Forces, Tianjin, China
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24
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Bai PY, Wittert G, Taylor AW, Martin SA, Milne RW, Jenkins AJ, Januszewski AS, Shi Z. The association between total phthalate concentration and non-communicable diseases and chronic inflammation in South Australian urban dwelling men. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:366-372. [PMID: 28686951 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between urinary total phthalate concentration, chronic low-grade inflammation and non-communicable diseases in a cohort of South Australian men. METHODS 1504 men aged 39-84 years who provided a urinary sample at the follow-up visit of the Men Androgen Inflammation Lifestyle Environment and Stress (MAILES) study, a randomly-selected group of urban-dwelling, community-based men from Adelaide, Australia (n = 2038; study participation rate: 78.1%). Total phthalate concentration was quantified in fasting morning urine samples. Chronic diseases were assessed through self-report questionnaire or directly measured using standardised clinical and laboratory procedures. Inflammatory biomarkers were assayed by ELISA or spectroscopy. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were applied to determine associations of log-transformed urinary phthalate concentration with inflammation and chronic disease. RESULTS Total phthalates were detected in 99.6% of urinary samples; geometric mean (95% CI) was 114.1 (109.5-118.9)µg/g creatinine. Higher total phthalate levels were associated with higher levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 (all p < 0.05) and TNF-α but not MPO. Urinary total phthalate concentrations were positively associated with cardiovascular disease, type-2-diabetes and hypertension. Comparing extreme quartiles of total phthalate, prevalence ratios were 1.78 (95% CI 1.17 - 2.71, p-trend = 0.001) for cardiovascular disease and 1.84 (95%CI 1.34 - 2.51, p-trend = 0.001) for type-2-diabetes and 1.14 (95%CI 1.01 - 1.29, p-trend = 0.013) for hypertension. Total phthalates and asthma and depression were not significantly associated. CONCLUSION A positive association between total phthalates and cardiovascular disease, type-2-diabetes, hypertension and increased levels of chronic low-grade inflammatory biomarkers was observed in urban-dwelling Australian men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Y Bai
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Gary Wittert
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Anne W Taylor
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Sean A Martin
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Robert W Milne
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Zumin Shi
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia.
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25
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Gori AM, Giusti B, Piccardi B, Nencini P, Palumbo V, Nesi M, Nucera A, Pracucci G, Tonelli P, Innocenti E, Sereni A, Sticchi E, Toni D, Bovi P, Guidotti M, Tola MR, Consoli D, Micieli G, Tassi R, Orlandi G, Sessa M, Perini F, Delodovici ML, Zedde ML, Massaro F, Abbate R, Inzitari D. Inflammatory and metalloproteinases profiles predict three-month poor outcomes in ischemic stroke treated with thrombolysis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:3253-3261. [PMID: 28266892 PMCID: PMC5584701 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17695572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators and metalloproteinases are altered in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and play a detrimental effect on clinical severity and hemorrhagic transformation of the ischemic brain lesion. Using data from the Italian multicenter observational MAGIC (MArker bioloGici nell'Ictus Cerebrale) Study, we evaluated the effect of inflammatory and metalloproteinases profiles on three-month functional outcome, hemorrhagic transformation and mortality in 327 patients with AIS treated with intravenous thrombolys in according to SITS-MOST (Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-MOnitoring STudy) criteria. Circulating biomarkers were assessed at baseline and 24 h after thrombolysis. Adjusting for age, sex, baseline glycemia and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, history of atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure, and of inflammatory diseases or infections, baseline alpha-2macroglobulin (A2M), baseline serum amyloid protein (SAP) and pre-post tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) variations (Δ) of metalloproteinase 9, remained significantly and independently associated with three-month death [OR (95% CI):A2M:2.99 (1.19-7.53); SAP:5.46 (1.64-18.74); Δmetalloproteinase 9:1.60 (1.12-2.27)]. The addition of baseline A2M and Δmetalloproteinase 9 or baseline SAP and Δmetalloproteinase 9 (model-2 or model-3) to clinical variables (model-1) significantly improved the area under curve for prediction of death [model-2 with A2M: p = 0.0205; model-3 with SAP: p = 0.001]. In conclusion, among AIS patients treated with thrombolysis, circulating A2M, SAP and Δmetalloproteinase 9 are independent markers of poor outcome. These results may prompt controlled clinical research about agents antagonizing their effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Gori
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Atherothrombotic Diseases Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.,2 Don Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Betti Giusti
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Atherothrombotic Diseases Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mascia Nesi
- 3 Stroke Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonia Nucera
- 4 Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Alice Sereni
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Atherothrombotic Diseases Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Sticchi
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Atherothrombotic Diseases Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Danilo Toni
- 5 Emergency Department Stroke Unit and Department of Neurological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Bovi
- 6 DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Rossana Tassi
- 11 U.O.C. Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e Neurosensoriali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Orlandi
- 12 Department of Neurosciences, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Sessa
- 13 Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Perini
- 14 UOC di Neurologia e "Stroke Unit", Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Zedde
- 16 Neurology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Rosanna Abbate
- 18 Centro Studi Medicina Avanzata (CESMAV) Florence, Italy
| | - Domenico Inzitari
- 3 Stroke Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.,19 Institute of Neuroscience, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Florence, Italy
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26
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Xue Y, Zhang L, Fan Y, Li Q, Jiang Y, Shen C. C-Reactive Protein Gene Contributes to the Genetic Susceptibility of Hemorrhagic Stroke in Men: a Case-Control Study in Chinese Han Population. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 62:395-401. [PMID: 28721654 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is an inflammatory marker for the prediction and prognosis of ischemic stroke but there is an absence of evidence for cerebral hemorrhagic events. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of elevated plasma hsCRP and CRP genetic variants on hemorrhagic stroke (HS). Two hundred thirty-six inpatients with HS and 993 age-matched controls from a community-based population were included in a case-control study and four tagging single nucleotide polymorphsims (tagSNPs) at CRP were genotyped. The association of hsCRP elevation and CRP variants with HS was evaluated by multiple logistic regression. HS cases had a higher median (interquartile) of hsCRP with 5.40 (1.30-10.7) mg/L and a proportion of hsCRP elevation (≥3 mg/L, 63.4%) than controls [1.20 (0.80-2.20) mg/L, 16.6%], respectively (P < 0.05 for all). No significant difference of genotype or allele frequency of the four SNPs was observed between HS patients and controls (P > 0.05). Further stratified analysis by gender showed that the variants of rs3093059 (T/C) and rs3091244 (C/T/A) were significantly associated with the decreased risk of HS in men and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for additive models were 0.515 (0.294-0.903) and 0.578 (0.349-0.96), respectively, after adjusting for covariates. In HS patients, rs3091244 was positively associated with the hsCRP elevation and rs2794521 was negatively associated with hsCRP elevation (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that hsCRP elevation is associated with the risk of HS and CRP contributes genetic susceptibility to HS in men as well as hsCRP elevation in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xue
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Huai'an Third Hospital, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Qianhui Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Huai'an First Hospital, People's Hospital of Huai'an, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Yuzhang Jiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Huai'an First Hospital, People's Hospital of Huai'an, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China.
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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27
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M2 Monocyte Microparticles Are Increased in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017; 26:2369-2375. [PMID: 28606659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe neurologic condition with no proven treatment. Recent evidence suggests that monocytes, a heterogenous group of cells with M1 and M2 phenotypes, contribute to secondary damage following ICH. Microparticles are vesicles .1-1 µm in size that are released from cells. We hypothesized that M1 and M2 monocyte microparticles (mMP) would be differentially expressed in ICH cases and controls. METHODS In a single-center, prospective, observational study, consecutive ICH cases were enrolled within 12 hours of symptom onset. Age (±5 years)-, race-, and sex-matched controls were recruited. M1 and M2 mMP numbers were determined in plasma samples using flow cytometry and protein biomarkers using standardized assays. The Mann-Whitney U test compared M1 and M2 mMP counts between cases and controls. Standardized regression coefficients compared M1 and M2 mMP with C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA). RESULTS Nineteen ICH case-control pairs were enrolled. The median number of M1 mMP was not significantly different between ICH cases (8.63 × 107/milliliter (mL)) compared with controls (8.64 × 107/mL), (P = .525). The median number of M2 mMP was significantly higher in ICH cases (1.61 × 106/mL) compared with controls (4.46 × 105/mL) (P = .027). There were no significant associations for M1 or M2 mMP with CRP or SAA. CONCLUSION Higher numbers of M2 mMP in ICH cases compared with controls is hypothesis generating. It may represent differences in the chronic inflammatory status in patients susceptible to ICH, such as cellular activation or apoptosis. Further research is needed, including serial plasma samples, to elucidate the pathophysiology of monocytes and mMP following ICH.
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28
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Rayasam A, Hsu M, Hernández G, Kijak J, Lindstedt A, Gerhart C, Sandor M, Fabry Z. Contrasting roles of immune cells in tissue injury and repair in stroke: The dark and bright side of immunity in the brain. Neurochem Int 2017; 107:104-116. [PMID: 28245997 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts in research and clinical studies, stroke is still one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Originally, stroke was considered a vascular thrombotic disease without significant immune involvement. However, over the last few decades it has become increasingly obvious that the immune responses can significantly contribute to both tissue injury and protection following stroke. Recently, much research has been focused on the immune system's role in stroke pathology and trying to elucidate the mechanism used by immune cells in tissue injury and protection. Since the discovery of tissue plasminogen activator therapy in 1996, there have been no new treatments for stroke. For this reason, research into understanding how the immune system contributes to stroke pathology may lead to better therapies or enhance the efficacy of current treatments. Here, we discuss the contrasting roles of immune cells to stroke pathology while emphasizing myeloid cells and T cells. We propose that focusing future research on balancing the beneficial-versus-detrimental roles of immunity may lead to the discovery of better and novel stroke therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Rayasam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Martin Hsu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gianna Hernández
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Julie Kijak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anders Lindstedt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christian Gerhart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matyas Sandor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Fabry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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29
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Lee JH, Song S, Yoon SY, Lim CS, Song JW, Kim HS. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as diagnostic markers for pneumonia severity. Br J Biomed Sci 2017; 73:140-142. [PMID: 27723441 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2016.1209898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Han Lee
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , Osan Hankook General Hospital , Osan , Korea
| | - Sungwook Song
- b Daejeon-Sejong-Chungnam Blood Center, Korean Red Cross , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yoon
- c Department of Laboratory Medicine , Korea University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Chae Seung Lim
- c Department of Laboratory Medicine , Korea University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Song
- d Department of Laboratory Medicine , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyon-Suk Kim
- d Department of Laboratory Medicine , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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30
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Wang Y, Wang W, Peng W, Liu W, Cai W, Xia Z, Zhang H, Xing AZ. CARDIOPROTECTIVE ROLES OF THE CHINESE MEDICINAL FORMULA BAO-XIN-TANG ON ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017; 14:65-74. [PMID: 28573223 PMCID: PMC5446467 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Bao-Xin-Tang (BXT) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formula used for the treatment of coronary heart disease and known to have favorable therapeutic benefits. The current study was designed to determine whether BXT has a cardioprotective role for acute myocardial infarction. The underlying mechanisms were also explored. Materials and Methods: The Sprague-Dawley rat model of acute myocardial infarction was established by occluding the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. After a 3-h ischemic period, we determined the myocardial infarction size, inflammatory components, and antioxidant activities. Results: The data showed that BXT could reduce the infarction size and lower the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and myeloperoxidase, and increase the activities of superoxide dismutase and the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10. These results indicate that administration of BXT, following acute myocardial infarction, could reduce infarct size. Conclusion: The effects of BXT may be related to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weihao Wang
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Cai
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zian Xia
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Honggeng Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha 410007, P.R. China
| | - And Zhihua Xing
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
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31
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Lee JE, Shin DW, Yun JM, Kim SH, Nam YS, Cho B, Lim JS, Jeong HY, Kwon HM, Park JH. Insulin Resistance Is a Risk Factor for Silent Lacunar Infarction. Stroke 2016; 47:2938-2944. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.014097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
This study aims to investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR) and silent lacunar infarction (SLI) in healthy adults.
Methods—
We recruited 2326 healthy Korean adults who took health checkups, including a brain magnetic resonance imaging. SLI was defined as an infarction measuring 0.3 to 1.5 cm in diameter that was localized in the territory of perforating branches of cerebral arteries, as seen in the brain magnetic resonance imaging. The homeostasis model assessment–estimated insulin resistance index was used for IR estimation, and the cutoff value for its diagnosis for Koreans was 2.56.
Results—
The mean age of the study population was 56.2 years (range, 40–79 years), and 1279 subjects (55.0%) were male. The prevalence of SLI and IR was 8.1% and 18.1%, respectively. In multivariate logistic analysis, after adjusting for traditional SLI-associated risk factors, IR was positively associated with the prevalence of SLI (adjusted odds ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–2.46). The proportion of subjects with multiple SLI lesions (≥2) was also higher in the IR (+) group than that in the IR (−) group (4.3% versus 1.7%;
P
<0.001). In ordered logistic regression, IR was positively associated with an increase in SLI severity (adjusted odds ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.21–2.56).
Conclusions—
IR is an independent risk factor of SLI presence and its severity in Koreans. Whether improvement of IR might prevent SLI occurrence needs to be addressed by clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Lee
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Jae Moon Yun
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Sang Hyuck Kim
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - You-Seon Nam
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - BeLong Cho
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Jae-Sung Lim
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Han-Yeong Jeong
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Hyung-Min Kwon
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
| | - Jin-Ho Park
- From the Department of Family Medicine (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.) and Health Promotion Center (J.E.L., D.W.S., J.M.Y., S.H.K., Y.-S.N., B.C., J.-H.P.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea (J.-S.L.); Department of Neurology, Aerospace Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (H.-Y.J.); and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Municipal
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Reis JF, Monteiro VVS, de Souza Gomes R, do Carmo MM, da Costa GV, Ribera PC, Monteiro MC. Action mechanism and cardiovascular effect of anthocyanins: a systematic review of animal and human studies. J Transl Med 2016; 14:315. [PMID: 27846846 PMCID: PMC5111351 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are an important cause of death worldwide. Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoids found in berries, flowers, fruits and leaves. In epidemiological and clinical studies, these polyphenols have been associated with improved cardiovascular risk profiles as well as decreased comorbidities. Human intervention studies using berries, vegetables, parts of plants and cereals (either fresh or as juice) or purified anthocyanin-rich extracts have demonstrated significant improvements in low density lipoproteins oxidation, lipid peroxidation, total plasma antioxidant capacity, and dyslipidemia as well as reduced levels of CVD molecular biomarkers. This review discusses the use of anthocyanins in animal models and their applications in human medicine, as dietary supplements or as new potent drugs against cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordano Ferreira Reis
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaelli de Souza Gomes
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Moraes do Carmo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Glauber Vilhena da Costa
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Paula Cardoso Ribera
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil.
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Siebert E, Bohner G, Liebig T, Endres M, Liman TG. Factors associated with fatal outcome in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a retrospective analysis of the Berlin PRES study. J Neurol 2016; 264:237-242. [PMID: 27815684 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Although often reversible, fatal outcome in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is well known. However, data on predictors of PRES-associated in-hospital death are scarce. In this study, we aimed to investigate predictors of in-hospital death in a large cohort. Radiological report databases between January 1999 and February 2015 were retrospectively searched for patients with PRES. Patients were included if they met criteria for PRES after detailed investigation of clinical charts and imaging studies. Various clinical, paraclinical and brain MRI data as well as data on in-hospital mortality were analyzed. 151 patients were included into the study, 64% were female. Seventeen (11.2%) patients died during hospital stay. In univariate analyses, higher age (p = 0.04), higher levels of C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), etiology of PRES (sepsis and chemotherapy; p = 0.02), altered coagulation (p = 0.002), altered mental state at onset (p = 0.03), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH; p = 0.01) were related to in-hospital death. In multivariate analyses adjusted for age and sex, elevated CRP levels (OR 1.1 95% CI 1.1-1.2), altered coagulation (OR 5.1 95% CI 1.8-14.7), subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR 10.1 95% CI 2.2-46.1) and altered mental state (OR 3.3; 95% CI 1.1-9.4) were independently associated with in-hospital death. Altered mental state, subarachnoid hemorrhage as well as the higher levels of CRP and altered coagulation were significantly more frequent in patients who died in hospital. However, prospective studies are warranted to establish predictors of fatality in patients with PRES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Siebert
- Institut für Neuroradiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - G Bohner
- Institut für Neuroradiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Liebig
- Institut für Neuroradiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Endres
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Klinik für Neurologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease (DZNE), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - T G Liman
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Klinik für Neurologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Chehaibi K, Trabelsi I, Mahdouani K, Slimane MN. Correlation of Oxidative Stress Parameters and Inflammatory Markers in Ischemic Stroke Patients. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:2585-2593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Chen Y, Jiang S, Wu Y. Effect of 2 different anesthesia methods on stress response in neurosurgical patients with hypertension or normal: A prospective clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4769. [PMID: 27583931 PMCID: PMC5008615 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive patients in neurosurgery are becoming more common, which increased the risk of surgical stress response. Meanwhile, the relationship between hypertension and anesthesia methods is unclear on the stress response. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of different anesthesia methods on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), blood glucose, and leucocyte levels in neurosurgical patients with hypertension or normal.Eighty neurosurgical patients were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 20): balanced anesthesia group (A), balanced anesthesia with hypertension group (B), total intravenous anesthesia group (C), total intravenous anesthesia with hypertension group (D). The levels of Hs-CRP, blood glucose, leucocyte count, and neutrophil percentage and were detected at before anesthesia (T0), during anesthesia (T1), 2 hours post anesthesia (T2), 24 hours post anesthesia (T3).Patients with hypertension had higher Hs-CRP expression, blood glucose, and neutrophil percentage at time T0 than those of normal, but not leucocyte count. At time T3, patients with hypertension in D group had lower Hs-CRP expression than those in B group (P < 0.01). Patients with normal in C group had lower Hs-CRP expression (P < 0.01), blood glucose (P < 0.05), and leukocyte count (P < 0.05) than those in A group. Both hypertension history and anesthesia method had significant effects on the Hs-CRP expression, blood glucose, and leukocyte count.Total intravenous anesthesia decreases Hs-CRP expressions more efficiently than balanced anesthesia in neurosurgical patients with hypertension or normal. Moreover, total intravenous anesthesia can availably reduce the perioperative stress response by attenuating the increase of blood glucose and leukocyte count in normal tensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The first People's Hospital of Lianyungang
| | - Shan Jiang
- Lianyungang Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The first People's Hospital of Lianyungang
- Correspondence: Yong Wu, Department of Anesthesiology, The first People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China (e-mail: )
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Matsuo R, Ago T, Hata J, Wakisaka Y, Kuroda J, Kuwashiro T, Kitazono T, Kamouchi M. Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Clinical Outcomes after Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Observational Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156790. [PMID: 27258004 PMCID: PMC4892536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated in response to inflammation caused by brain infarction, the association of CRP with clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke remains uncertain. This study examined whether plasma high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) levels at onset were associated with clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke independent of conventional risk factors and acute infections after stroke. METHODS We prospectively included 3653 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke who had been functionally independent and were hospitalized within 24 h of onset. Plasma hsCRP levels were measured on admission and categorized into quartiles. The association between hsCRP levels and clinical outcomes, including neurological improvement, neurological deterioration, and poor functional outcome (modified Rankin scale ≥3 at 3 months), were investigated using a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Higher hsCRP levels were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes after adjusting for age, sex, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, stroke subtype, conventional risk factors, intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy, and acute infections during hospitalization (multivariate-adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval] in the highest quartile versus the lowest quartile as a reference: 0.80 [0.65-0.97] for neurological improvement, 1.72 [1.26-2.34] for neurological deterioration, and 2.03 [1.55-2.67] for a poor functional outcome). These associations were unchanged after excluding patients with infectious diseases occurring during hospitalization, or those with stroke recurrence or death. These trends were similar irrespective of stroke subtypes or baseline stroke severity, but more marked in patients aged <70 years (Pheterogeneity = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High plasma hsCRP is independently associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Matsuo
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ago
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Wakisaka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kuwashiro
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kamouchi
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Rocco A, Ringleb PA, Grittner U, Nolte CH, Schneider A, Nagel S. Follow-up C-reactive protein level is more strongly associated with outcome in stroke patients than admission levels. Neurol Sci 2015. [PMID: 26208640 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The value of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a prognostic tool in stroke patients is unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the prognostic impact of CRP levels assessed at different time points on functional outcome in a large cohort of thrombolysed acute stroke patients. All thrombolysed stroke patients admitted to our department were entered in an open, prospective database. Clinical and demographic data were recorded. CRP was measured upon admission, within 24 h, and in the following days. Functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Among 1242 thrombolysed patients, we found a statistically significant difference in median CRP values upon admission, within 24 h, and follow-up with respect to outcome parameters (p < 0.001) including symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH; p < 0.001). In regression models, follow-up CRP showed better predictive properties for outcome parameters compared to CRP assessed upon admission or within 24 h. The ROC analysis showed a good predictive value of follow-up CRP concerning dependent outcome [c-statistic 0.71 (95 % CI 0.67-0.75) p < 0.001] and mortality [c-statistic 0.70 (95 % CI 0.66-0.75) p < 0.001]. After adjustment for risk factors, follow-up CRP, but not admission CRP, was independently associated with dependent outcome (OR 2.67, 95 % CI 1.76-4.06; p < 0.001), mortality (OR 2.53, 95 % CI 1.50-4.25; p < 0.001), and sICH (OR 3.03, 95 % CI 1.51-6.06; p = 0.002). Follow-up CRP is strongly associated with functional outcome, sICH, and mortality after 90 days in thrombolysed stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rocco
- Center for Stroke Research, Charite-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Charite University of Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter A Ringleb
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- Center for Stroke Research, Charite-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany.,Department for Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charite-University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian H Nolte
- Center for Stroke Research, Charite-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alice Schneider
- Center for Stroke Research, Charite-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Nagel
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Das S, Roy S, Kaul S, Jyothy A, Munshi A. CRP gene (1059G>C) polymorphism and its plasma levels in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke in a south Indian population. Inflammation 2015; 37:1683-8. [PMID: 24771073 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the association of 1059G>C polymorphism in C-reactive protein (CRP) gene with the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. We did not find a significant association of this polymorphism with stroke. However, 2 % of mutants were observed in hemorrhagic stroke patients with a 0.01 frequency for the C allele. We also estimated the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in hemorrhagic stroke and compared the levels with our already published data on ischemic stroke. The hsCRP level in hemorrhagic stroke was found to be significantly elevated in comparison with that in controls (p<0.001). However, there was no difference in the mean value of hsCRP levels between types of stroke. In conclusion, the G>C polymorphism in the promoter region of the CRP gene is not abundant in the population and cannot be connected with different hsCRP levels and stroke prediction. The CRP level is a useful marker in stroke, but cannot help in differentiating between types of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satrupa Das
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500016, India
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Fordjour PA, Wang Y, Shi Y, Agyemang K, Akinyi M, Zhang Q, Fan G. Possible mechanisms of C-reactive protein mediated acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 760:72-80. [PMID: 25895642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a relevant cardiovascular event worldwide for morbidity and mortality. It has been theorized that acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) and other acute coronary events that are precipitated by atherosclerosis are due to arterial blockage from fat deposits. It is now known, however, that atherosclerosis involves more than just lipids. Inflammation has also been studied extensively to play a substantial role in myocardial infarction. There have been debates and conflicting reports over the past few years about the value of assessing levels of C-reactive protein and other biomarkers of inflammation for the prediction of cardiovascular events. Several studies have shown that CRP is not only an inflammatory marker, but also involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction. Studies have linked atherogenesis and rupture of atherosclerotic lesion to endothelial dysfunction. CRP directly inhibits endothelial cell nitric oxide (NO) production via destabilizing endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Decreased NO release causes CRP mediated inhibition of angiogenesis, stimulating endothelial cell apoptosis. CRP can also activate the complement system through the classical pathway. Complement activation plays an important role in mediating monocyte and neutrophil recruitment in an injured myocardium and may therefore lead to increase in infarct size. This article discusses the possible roles of CRP in complement activation, endothelial dysfunction and its impact on the development of myocardial infarction. We also reviewed the possible therapeutic approaches to myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Asare Fordjour
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Kojo Agyemang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Mary Akinyi
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Lee JH, Kwon KY, Yoon SY, Kim HS, Lim CS. Characteristics of platelet indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and erythrocyte sedimentation rate compared with C reactive protein in patients with cerebral infarction: a retrospective analysis of comparing haematological parameters and C reactive protein. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e006275. [PMID: 25412865 PMCID: PMC4244436 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevation of C reactive protein (CRP) is one of the major acute-phase responses following ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. This study aims to investigate the associations between platelet indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) compared with CRP in patients with cerebral infarction. SETTING The clinical data of patients with cerebral infarction were analysed retrospectively. PARTICIPANTS We analysed, unduplicated, 516 patients with cerebral infarction (mean age 66.2±12.7, male/female=291/225). OUTCOME MEASURES Mean platelet volume (MPV), MPV to platelet count, NLR and ESR were compared with CRP in patients with cerebral infarction in a single institute through Spearman correlation test. RESULTS There were significant correlations between CRP and MPV (ρ=0.088, p=0.045), NLR (ρ=0.4, p<0.001) and ESR (ρ=0.468, p<0.001) in patients with cerebral infarction. In the male group, NLR (ρ=0.398, p<0.001) and ESR (ρ=0.502, p<0.001) showed significant correlations with CRP. In the female group, CRP showed significant correlations with MPV (ρ=0.17, p=0.011), NLR (ρ=0.392, p<0.001) and ESR (ρ=0.475, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS MPV, NLR and ESR showed significant correlation with CRP in patients with cerebral infarction. MPV and NLR are cost-effective and simple parameters that can be attainable by using an automatic haematology analyser. Further well-designed and large-scale prospective studies are warranted to evaluate platelet indices or NLR for monitoring patients with cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Han Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyum-Yil Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyon-Suk Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Seung Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Karlinski M, Bembenek J, Grabska K, Kobayashi A, Baranowska A, Litwin T, Czlonkowska A. Routine serum C-reactive protein and stroke outcome after intravenous thrombolysis. Acta Neurol Scand 2014; 130:305-11. [PMID: 24571644 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical usefulness of blood biomarkers in acute stroke is not yet fully established, especially after thrombolytic therapy. Our aim was to investigate the association between routine serum C-reactive protein (CRP) measured within 24 h after admission and outcome in ischaemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, adjusting for a history of recent infection. METHODS We analysed the data of consecutive stroke patients who received intravenous alteplase in our centre between October 2003 and December 2011, collected in a detailed prospective registry. Routine serum CRP was measured within 24 h from admission; concentration >5 ng/ml was considered elevated. RESULTS Serum CRP was measured in 341 of 406 stroke patients treated with alteplase. Patients with elevated CRP (135/341, 42.5%) compared to those with normal CRP values, were significantly older, more frequently presented with a preexisting disability, comorbidities and suffered more severe strokes. They had a higher proportion of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage according to ECASS II definition (7.2% vs 1.6%, P = 0.010), higher 3-month mortality (25.6% vs 11.3%, P = 0.001), and were less frequently alive and independent after 3 months (45.9% vs 63.7%, P = 0.002). However, those associations were not confirmed after adjustment for age, stroke severity, diabetes, congestive heart failure, lack of prestroke disability and signs of recent infection. CONCLUSIONS According to our findings, elevated routine serum CRP measured within 24 h after admission does not seem to independently affect the outcome in patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis for stroke. However, further studies of blood samples taken directly before the treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Karlinski
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
| | - J. Bembenek
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
| | - K. Grabska
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
| | - A. Kobayashi
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
- Interventional Stroke Treatment Centre; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
| | - A. Baranowska
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
| | - T. Litwin
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
| | - A. Czlonkowska
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology; Warsaw Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
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Protection of salvianolate against atherosclerosis via regulating the inflammation in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 34:646-651. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-014-1331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Chiang JK. Short duration of sleep is associated with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level in Taiwanese adults: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Sleep Med 2014; 10:743-9. [PMID: 25024651 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) have been associated with increased adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of sleep duration with risk of elevated hs-CRP levels in Taiwanese adults. METHODS We examined the association between sleep duration and hs-CRP in 353 healthy adults recruited from the physical examination center at a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. Elevated hs-CRP was defined as a plasma level ≥ 0.20 mg/dL. Short sleep duration was defined as ≤ 5.5 h per day. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of short duration of sleep with elevated hs-CRP levels. RESULTS In this study, short duration of sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-4.30), aged 70 years or older (OR = 4.58; 95% CI: 1.70-12.66), menopause (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.52-5.3), higher heart rate (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.10-1.75), higher body mass index (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.09-1.34), higher white blood cell count (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.14-1.66), and higher uric acid level (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.06-1.63) were significantly associated with an increased risk of elevated hs-CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS In this study of healthy Taiwanese adults, short duration of sleep was significantly associated with elevated hs-CRP levels. Activation of pro-inflammatory pathways might represent a mechanism by which short sleep duration affects health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Kun Chiang
- Department of Family Medicine, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Berezin AE, Lisovaya OA. C-reactive protein after stroke in arterial hypertension. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2014; 22:551-7. [PMID: 24867029 DOI: 10.1177/0218492313501163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the risk of recurrent coronary and cerebral ischemic events after ischemic stroke in patients with arterial hypertension. METHODS 102 patients with mild-to-moderate arterial hypertension (67 male, aged 56-68 years) were enrolled in the study. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was determined on study entry only. Clinical interviews were performed every 3 months during 1 year after blood sampling. Clinical events included confirmed ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, coronary ischemic events, sudden death, diabetes mellitus, and all cardiovascular events including chronic heart failure and hospitalization. RESULTS Patients in the highest quartile of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels had a significantly higher adjusted odds ratio for clinical events compared to those in the first quartile (odds ratio = 7.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.55-19.6, p = 0.001). A receiver operating characteristic curve detected a plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein cutoff level of 5.58 mg·L(-1) (76.7% sensitivity, 80.3% specificity). A Cox regression model identified high-sensitivity C-reactive protein >5.58 mg·L(-1) as an independent predictor of further cardiovascular events (hazard ratio = 7.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-12.6, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION We suggest that high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels >5.58 mg·L(-1) strongly predict increased risk of cumulative cardiovascular events after ischemic stroke in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, Zaporozhye State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Oxana A Lisovaya
- Cardiology Department, District Hospital #6, Zaporozhye State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
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Meyer K, Ueland PM. Targeted quantification of C-reactive protein and cystatin c and its variants by immuno-MALDI-MS. Anal Chem 2014; 86:5807-14. [PMID: 24848523 DOI: 10.1021/ac500704y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The most common technologies for quantitative determination of protein biomarkers are immunoassays, which exist in various formats. Immunoassays offer sensitive and fast protein quantification, but can hardly discriminate between protein variants. Post-translational modifications and genetic variants increase protein microheterogeneity and may play important roles in biological processes. Mass spectrometry combined with immunoaffinity enrichment detects protein microheterogeneity and can quantify different isoforms. We here present an immuno-MALDI-MS approach for the combined quantification of two important biomarkers of inflammation and renal function, C-reactive protein (CRP) and cystatin C, respectively. Antibodies were immobilized onto reversed-phase tips, which allows easy and flexible sample processing. Quantification was performed in singleplex and duplex assays, and characteristics were evaluated for different internal standards, i.e., PEGylated and polyhistidine-tagged proteins. The best performances were obtained for polyhistidine-tagged standards with respect to limits of detection (CRP, 0.10 μg/mL; cystatin C, 0.003 μg/mL) and coefficients of variation (CRP, 2.4-7.0%; cystatin C, 3.0-8.9%). The methods were benchmarked against immunoturbidimetry and nephelometry and demonstrated good between-assay agreement (R(2) = 0.989 for CRP; R(2) = 0.939 for cystatin C). Several variants of cystatin C were identified and quantified, while none were observed for CRP. This immuno-MALDI method describes a novel approach for targeted quantitative investigation of protein microheterogeneity and is well suited for assessment of biomarker status in precious samples from biobanks due to its low sample consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Meyer
- Bevital AS , Laboratory Building, 9th Floor, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Recognition functions of pentameric C-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:319215. [PMID: 24948846 PMCID: PMC4052174 DOI: 10.1155/2014/319215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) performs two recognition functions that are relevant to cardiovascular disease. First, in its native pentameric conformation, CRP recognizes molecules and cells with exposed phosphocholine (PCh) groups, such as microbial pathogens and damaged cells. PCh-containing ligand-bound CRP activates the complement system to destroy the ligand. Thus, the PCh-binding function of CRP is defensive if it occurs on foreign pathogens because it results in the killing of the pathogen via complement activation. On the other hand, the PCh-binding function of CRP is detrimental if it occurs on injured host cells because it causes more damage to the tissue via complement activation; this is how CRP worsens acute myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Second, in its nonnative pentameric conformation, CRP also recognizes atherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Recent data suggest that the LDL-binding function of CRP is beneficial because it prevents formation of macrophage foam cells, attenuates inflammatory effects of LDL, inhibits LDL oxidation, and reduces proatherogenic effects of macrophages, raising the possibility that nonnative CRP may show atheroprotective effects in experimental animals. In conclusion, temporarily inhibiting the PCh-binding function of CRP along with facilitating localized presence of nonnative pentameric CRP could be a promising approach to treat atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. There is no need to stop the biosynthesis of CRP.
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Pandey A, Shrivastava AK, Saxena K. Neuron specific enolase and c-reactive protein levels in stroke and its subtypes: correlation with degree of disability. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:1426-32. [PMID: 24838548 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is an emergency which threatens life and third leading cause of death and long term disability in developed countries. The use of biomarkers in diagnosing stroke and assessing prognosis is an emerging and rapidly evolving field. The study aimed to investigate the predictive value of biochemical marker of brain damage neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and systemic inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) with respect to degree of disability at the time of admission and short term in stroke patients. We investigated 120 patients with cerebrovascular stroke who were admitted within 72 h of onset of stroke in the Department of Neurology at Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, India. NSE and CRP were analyzed by solid enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using analyzer and micro plate reader from Biorad 680. In all patients, the neurological status was evaluated by a standardized neurological examination and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission and on day 7. Serum NSE and CRP concentration were found significantly increased in acute stroke cases as compared to control in present study (<0.05 and <0.001 respectively). The maximum serum NSE and CRP levels within 72 h of admission were significantly higher in patients with greater degree of disability at the time of admission. Both biomarkers were found significantly correlated with neurological disability and short term outcome. Our study showed that serum biomarkers NSE and CRP have high predictive value for determining severity and early neurobehavioral outcome after acute stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, Narshinbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, India
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C-reactive protein in human atherogenesis: facts and fiction. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:561428. [PMID: 24799767 PMCID: PMC3995305 DOI: 10.1155/2014/561428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of C-reactive protein (CRP) in atherosclerosis is controversially discussed. Whereas initial experimental studies suggested a pathogenic role for CRP in atherogenesis, more recent genetic data from Mendelian randomization trials failed to provide evidence for a causative role of CRP in cardiovascular disease. Also, experimental results from laboratories all over the world were indeed contradictory, partly because of species differences in CRP biology and partly because data were not accurately evaluated. Here we summarize the published data from experimental work with mainly human material in order to avoid confusion based on species differences in CRP biology. Experimental work needs to be reevaluated after reconsideration of some traditional rules in research: (1) in order to understand a molecule's role in disease it may be helpful to be aware of its role in physiology; (2) it is necessary to define the disease entity that experimental CRP research deals with; (3) the scientific consensus is as follows: do not try to prove your hypothesis. Specific CRP inhibition followed by use of CRP inhibitors in controlled clinical trials may be the only way to prove or disprove a causative role for CRP in cardiovascular disease.
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Hall WA, Nickleach DC, Master VA, Prabhu RS, Rossi PJ, Godette K, Cooper S, Jani AB. The association between C-reactive protein (CRP) level and biochemical failure-free survival in patients after radiation therapy for nonmetastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Cancer 2013; 119:3272-9. [PMID: 23818401 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-reactive protein (CRP) has been associated with outcomes in patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Associations between prostate adenocarcinoma-specific endpoints and CRP in patients who are treated for localized disease remain unknown. METHODS In total, 206 patients who received radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate had at least 1 CRP measured in follow-up and were analyzed. The primary outcome was biochemical failure-free survival. In addition, associations were examined between CRP and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). RESULTS On univariate analysis, higher CRP levels were associated significantly with shorter biochemical failure-free survival for patients who received radiation therapy after undergoing radical prostatectomy. For patients who were managed with definitive radiation therapy alone, higher CRP levels also were associated significantly with shorter biochemical failure-free survival on univariate and multivariable analyses (hazard ratio, 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-3.47; P = .009). In addition, CRP levels were associated significantly with PSA after radical prostatectomy for patients who had Gleason scores ≥ 8 (P = .037), for high-risk patients (P = .008), and for those with pretreatment PSA levels > 20 ng/mL (P = .05). In patients who received definitive radiation therapy, CRP levels also were associated with PSA both for those with pretreatment PSA levels > 20 ng/mL (P < .001), and for the intermediate-risk (P = .029) and high-risk (P = .009) subgroups. CONCLUSIONS A higher CRP level was associated with shorter biochemical failure-free survival on univariate and multivariable analyses in patients who received definitive radiation therapy. CRP was also associated with PSA in exploratory subgroups. These findings warrant further exploration in a prospectively enrolled patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Hall
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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The Correlation between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Matrix Metallopeptidase 9, and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome in Patients with Hypertension. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:780937. [PMID: 23606891 PMCID: PMC3625612 DOI: 10.1155/2013/780937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a common disease affecting millions of people throughout the world. Currently, there is a growing interest in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for patients with hypertension mainly due to the personalized therapy of TCM in many countries. Clinical treatment of patients relies on the successful differentiation of a specific TCM syndrome for hypertension. However, it is difficult to understand that TCM syndrome classifications depend on the clinical experience of a TCM practitioner. Therefore, discovering an objective biomarker associated with TCM syndrome may be beneficial for TCM syndrome classifications. This paper focused on high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HCRP), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), and TCM syndrome, and aimed to investigate the relationships between TCM syndrome and the two inflammatory biomarkers in patients with essential hypertension. The result showed that both HCRP and MMP9 are positively correlated with syndrome of wind and phlegm turbidity. Detection of the serum levels of HCRP and MMP9 is beneficial for TCM syndrome classification and prediction of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk events in hypertensive patients.
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