1
|
Pereira ME, Canei DH, Carvalho MR, Dias ÁFDLR, de Almeida ADBPF, Nakazato L, Sousa VRF. Molecular prevalence and factors associated with Ehrlichia canis infection in dogs from the North Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Vet World 2023; 16:1209-1213. [PMID: 37577206 PMCID: PMC10421559 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1209-1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is a vector-borne disease caused by the obligatory intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia canis, which is distributed across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Its prevalence within dog populations is high in municipalities located across the Pantanal biome, but it remains unknown in Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, Brazil. This study aimed to determine the molecular prevalence and factors associated with E. canis infection in dogs domiciled in Barão de Melgaço. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of E. canis infection in 369 dogs from urban and rural areas in Barão de Melgaço, North Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Initially, the dogs were examined, and, through a questionnaire, the risk factors were investigated. Blood samples were subjected to DNA extraction and PCR was performed to estimate the prevalence of E. canis infection. Results The molecular prevalence of E. canis infection in dogs was 42.5% and none of the studied variables were significantly associated with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity (p > 0.05). Conclusion The high molecular prevalence demonstrates an increased transmission of the agent across the city. This also indicates that attention needs to be paid to E. canis infection and control measures should be introduced to prevent its transmission. The demographic and clinical risk factors commonly associated with E. canis infection in this study were not associated with PCR positivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Elisa Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Darlan Henrique Canei
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Matheus Roberto Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Nakazato
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Valéria Régia Franco Sousa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dzul-Rosado KR, Arroyo-Solís KA, Torres-Monroy AJ, Arias-León JJ, Peniche-Lara GF, Puerto-Manzano FI, Landa-Flores MG, del Mazo-López JC, Salceda-Sánchez B. Tick-associated diseases identified from hunting dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Mayan community in Yucatan, Mexico. Open Vet J 2023; 13:794-800. [PMID: 37545710 PMCID: PMC10399651 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i6.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hunting activity in the Mayan communities has increased due to COVID-19 and domestic dogs have gained more importance. Due to their proximity to humans, domestic dogs are a bridge between tick-borne diseases (TBDs) and humans and their peri-domestic environment. In Mexico, and especially in rural regions, there were not adequate records of TBDs during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Aim Identify TBD of ticks collected during the COVID-19 pandemic in a rural community. Methods Tick capture was carried out in March 2021, in Teabo, Yucatan. Ticks were removed using from domestic dogs and placed in ethanol. Collected ticks were morphologically identified and underwent DNA extraction and a partial segment of the mitochondrial 16S-rDNA gene was amplified to corroborate the tick species. The DNA was screened for the presence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Rickettsia spp. Purified amplification products were submitted for sequencing and the results were compared to those deposited in GenBank using BLAST. Results We collected 33 ectoparasites, Ixodes affinis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Amblyomma mixtum on 11 hunting dogs. The most frequent ectoparasite was R. sanguineus (66%). We detected the presence of DNA of Rickettsia endosymbiont in I. affinis and Anaplasma platys in R. sanguineus. Rickettsia endosymbiont presented a similarity of 100% with the partial sequence of R. endosymbiont of I. affinis isolate IACACTM001 16S ribosomal RNA gene and the sequence of A. platys had a similarity of 100% with the partial sequence of the isolate 23-33TX 16S ribosomal RNA gene of A. platys from dogs from Texas, USA and with the partial sequence of the isolate L134 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Ehrlichia canis from dogs from Piura, Peru. Conclusion We confirmed for the first time the presence of A. platys in R. sanguineus and R. endosymbiont in I. affinis ticks from dogs in the state of Yucatan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla R. Dzul-Rosado
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Karla A. Arroyo-Solís
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Adan J. Torres-Monroy
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan J. Arias-León
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Gaspar F. Peniche-Lara
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Fernando I. Puerto-Manzano
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | | | | | - Beatriz Salceda-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin Y, Zhou S, Upadhyay A, Zhao J, Liao C, Guan Q, Wang J, Han Q. Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Characterization of Anaplasma spp. in Dogs from Hainan Province/Island, China. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050339. [PMID: 37235422 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplasmosis is a serious infection which is transmitted by ticks and mosquitos. There are very few reports and studies that have been carried out to understand the prevalence, distribution, and epidemiological profile of Anaplasma spp. infection in dogs in Hainan province/island. In the present study, we have tried to understand the prevalence, distribution, and occurrence of Anaplasma spp. infections in dogs (n = 1051) in Hainan Island/Province to establish a surveillance-based study. The confirmed positive samples by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were subjected to capillary sequencing for further strain-specific confirmation, followed by the construction of phylogenetic trees to determine their genetic relations. Various statistical tools were used to analyze related risk factors. There were three species of Anaplasma detected from the Hainan region; namely, A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis, and A. platys. The overall prevalence of Anaplasma is 9.7% (102/1051). A. phagocytopihum was prevalent in 1.0% of dogs (11/1051), A. bovis was found in 2.7% of dogs (28/1051), and A. platys in 6.0% of dogs (63/1051). Our surveillance-based study conducted to understand the occurrence and distribution pattern of Anaplasma spp. in Hainan will help in designing effective control measures along with management strategies so as to treat and control the infection in the area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Sa Zhou
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Archana Upadhyay
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chenghong Liao
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qingfeng Guan
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Han
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Purisarn A, Wichianchot S, Maneeruttanarungroj C, Mangkit B, Raksajit W, Kaewmongkol S, Jarudecha T, Sricharern W, Rucksaken R. Molecular detection and phylogeny of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in naturally infected dogs in Central and Northeast Thailand. Vet World 2022; 15:2877-2889. [PMID: 36718324 PMCID: PMC9880828 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2877-2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys are tick-borne, Gram-negative bacteria that cause canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and canine cyclic thrombocytopenia, respectively. These diseases are of great importance and are distributed globally. This study aimed to create new primers for the identification of E. canis and A. platys in naturally infected dogs using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rDNA and gltA genes. Materials and Methods In total, 120 blood samples were collected from dogs in three different locations (Saraburi, Buriram, and Nakhon Ratchasima provinces) in Central and Northeast Thailand. The molecular prevalence of E. canis and A. platys was assessed using PCR targeting the 16S rDNA and gltA genes. All positive PCR amplicons were sequenced, and phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the maximum likelihood method. Results Ehrlichia canis had an overall molecular prevalence of 15.8% based on the 16S rDNA gene, compared to 8.3% based on the gltA gene. In addition, the overall molecular prevalence of A. platys using the 16S rDNA gene was 10.8%, while the prevalence rate was 5.8% using the gltA gene. Coinfection was 0.8% in Saraburi province. The partial sequences of the 16S rDNA and gltA genes of E. canis and A. platys in dogs in Central and Northeast Thailand showed 96.75%-100% identity to reference sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA and gltA genes revealed that E. canis and A. platys sequences were clearly grouped into their own clades. Conclusion This study demonstrated the molecular prevalence of E. canis and A. platys in Central and Northeast Thailand. The 16S rDNA and gltA genes were useful for the diagnosis of E. canis and A. platys. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the partial sequences of the 16S rDNA and gltA genes in E. canis and A. platys were related to prior Thai strains and those from other countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andaman Purisarn
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Sakulchit Wichianchot
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Cherdsak Maneeruttanarungroj
- Department of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand,Bioenergy Research Unit, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
| | - Bandid Mangkit
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Wuttinun Raksajit
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Sarawan Kaewmongkol
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thitichai Jarudecha
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Wanat Sricharern
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Rucksak Rucksaken
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand,Corresponding author: Rucksak Rucksaken, e-mail: Co-authors: AP: , SW: , CM: , BM: , WR: , SK: , TJ: , WS:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Atif FA, Mehnaz S, Qamar MF, Roheen T, Sajid MS, Ehtisham-ul-Haque S, Kashif M, Ben Said M. Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Control of Canine Infectious Cyclic Thrombocytopenia and Granulocytic Anaplasmosis: Emerging Diseases of Veterinary and Public Health Significance. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120312. [PMID: 34941839 PMCID: PMC8705095 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the diagnostic methods used, the control strategies adopted, and the global epidemiological status of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia and granulocytic anaplasmosis at the animal–human interface. Canine anaplasmosis is an important worldwide disease, mainly caused by Anaplasma platys and A. phagocytophilum with zoonotic implications. A. platys chiefly infects platelets in canids, while A. phagocytophilum is the most common zoonotic pathogen infecting neutrophils of various vertebrate hosts. Diagnosis is based on the identification of clinical signs, the recognition of intracellular inclusions observed by microscopic observation of stained blood smear, and/or methods detecting antibodies or nucleic acids, although DNA sequencing is usually required to confirm the pathogenic strain. Serological cross-reactivity is the main problem in serodiagnosis. Prevalence varies from area to area depending on tick exposure. Tetracyclines are significant drugs for human and animal anaplasmosis. No universal vaccine is yet available that protects against diverse geographic strains. The control of canine anaplasmosis therefore relies on the detection of vectors/reservoirs, control of tick vectors, and prevention of iatrogenic/mechanical transmission. The control strategies for human anaplasmosis include reducing high-risk tick contact activities (such as gardening and hiking), careful blood transfusion, by passing immunosuppression, recognizing, and control of reservoirs/vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Ahmad Atif
- Medicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (S.M.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: or (F.A.A.); or (M.B.S.); Tel.: +92-47-7671270 (F.A.A.); +216-58-964147 (M.B.S.)
| | - Saba Mehnaz
- Medicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (S.M.); (M.K.)
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Fiaz Qamar
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (M.F.Q.); (S.E.-u.-H.)
| | - Taleeha Roheen
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry), University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Sohail Sajid
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Syed Ehtisham-ul-Haque
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (M.F.Q.); (S.E.-u.-H.)
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Medicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (S.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Microbiology at the National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
- Correspondence: or (F.A.A.); or (M.B.S.); Tel.: +92-47-7671270 (F.A.A.); +216-58-964147 (M.B.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cabrera-Jaramillo A, Monsalve S, Arroyave E, Rodas JD. Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis in sheltered dogs in southern Aburrá Valley, Colombia. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2021. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v35n2a01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
7
|
Ghauri HN, Ijaz M, Ahmed A, Muhammad Naveed MUA, Nawab Y, Javed MU, Ghaffar A. MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF ANAPLASMOSIS IN DOGS. J Parasitol 2021; 107:295-303. [PMID: 33844841 DOI: 10.1645/20-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasmosis is a widespread vector-borne disease affecting dogs, and Anaplasma platys is the major etiological agent of the disease. The study examines anaplasmosis molecular prevalence, related risk factors, and alteration of hematological variables in Anaplasma-affected dogs. A total of 150 blood samples were collected from dogs in the district of Lahore, Pakistan. The samples were screened with PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma. Sequencing of samples that were found positive after performing PCR was conducted. A questionnaire was developed to collect epidemiological data on subject dogs, and the information was analyzed with a logistic regression model using SPSS. The current study revealed an 11.34% (17/150) prevalence of anaplasmosis in dogs based on PCR detection. Tick infestation, previous tick history, house hygiene, and tick control status were major risk factors linked with disease occurrence. Red blood cell count, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, and platelet count were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in Anaplasma-infected dogs. Phylogenetically, the 2 isolates of the current study clustered together, and that cluster was very similar to A. platys isolates from India, Malaysia, and Thailand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Nayyar Ghauri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Yasir Nawab
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Javed
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Awais Ghaffar
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from the Caribbean. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 12:101727. [PMID: 33865177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma platys is a tick-transmitted rickettsial pathogen, which is known to be the etiologic agent for cyclic thrombocytopenia in its primary canine host. Infections with this pathogen are also reported in cats, cattle and people. Similarly, Ehrlichia canis is another tick-borne rickettsial pathogen responsible for canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and is also reported to cause infections in people. We describe infections in dogs with these two pathogens on the Caribbean island of Grenada, West Indies by detection using molecular methods. We utilized a 16S rRNA gene-based PCR assay to detect both Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species by screening 155 canine blood samples from asymptomatic dogs. We found 18.7 % of the dogs to be positive for A. platys and 16.8 % for E. canis. Samples that tested positive for A. platys were further assessed by sequence analysis targeting 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, citrate synthase (gltA) and heat shock protein (groEL) genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed high correlation of A. platys 16S rRNA and gltA gene sequences with the geographic origins, while 23S rRNA and groEL gene sequences clustered independent of the geographic origins. This study represents an important step in defining the widespread distribution of active rickettsial infections in Caribbean dogs with no apparent clinical signs, thus posing a high risk for canine health and to a lesser extent to humans, as most dogs in the Caribbean are free-roaming.
Collapse
|
9
|
Díaz-Sánchez AA, Corona-González B, Meli ML, Roblejo-Arias L, Fonseca-Rodríguez O, Pérez Castillo A, Vega Cañizares E, Lobo Rivero E, Hofmann-Lehmann R. Molecular Diagnosis, Prevalence and Importance of Zoonotic Vector-Borne Pathogens in Cuban Shelter Dogs-A Preliminary Study. Pathogens 2020; 9:E901. [PMID: 33126690 PMCID: PMC7692765 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of zoonotic vector-borne pathogens, including Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrlichia canis and Rickettsia spp. in shelter dogs from Cuba. Blood samples were collected from 100 shelter dogs and examined by molecular methods. Overall, 85 (85%; 95% CI: 77.88-92.12) dogs tested positive for at least one vector-borne pathogen using species-specific qPCR assays. Among the positive samples, E. canis was the most prevalent 62% (95% CI: 52.32-71.68), followed by A. platys 40% (95% CI: 30.23-49.77) and Rickettsia felis 27% (95% CI: 18.15-35.85), whereas 36% (95% CI: 26.43-45.57) showed co-infections. All samples were negative for A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi s.l. The presence of 248 Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected from the dogs was not statistically associated with the occurrence of infections. Thrombocytopenia was the most frequent haematological alteration found in PCR-positive dogs; it was statistically associated with the presence of E. canis, as well as co-infections (p < 0.05). The phylogenetic analyses of A. platys and E. canis based on 16S rRNA, groEL and gltA genes showed a low genetic diversity between Cuban strains. The present study demonstrates the high prevalence of vector-borne pathogens with zoonotic potential in shelter dogs from Cuba.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Alberto Díaz-Sánchez
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Apartado Postal 10, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (A.A.D.-S.); (B.C.-G.); (L.R.-A.); (A.P.C.); (E.V.C.); (E.L.R.)
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, and Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Belkis Corona-González
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Apartado Postal 10, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (A.A.D.-S.); (B.C.-G.); (L.R.-A.); (A.P.C.); (E.V.C.); (E.L.R.)
| | - Marina L. Meli
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, and Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Lisset Roblejo-Arias
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Apartado Postal 10, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (A.A.D.-S.); (B.C.-G.); (L.R.-A.); (A.P.C.); (E.V.C.); (E.L.R.)
| | | | - Anisleidy Pérez Castillo
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Apartado Postal 10, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (A.A.D.-S.); (B.C.-G.); (L.R.-A.); (A.P.C.); (E.V.C.); (E.L.R.)
- Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología (INHEM), La Habana 10300, Cuba
| | - Ernesto Vega Cañizares
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Apartado Postal 10, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (A.A.D.-S.); (B.C.-G.); (L.R.-A.); (A.P.C.); (E.V.C.); (E.L.R.)
| | - Evelyn Lobo Rivero
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Apartado Postal 10, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (A.A.D.-S.); (B.C.-G.); (L.R.-A.); (A.P.C.); (E.V.C.); (E.L.R.)
| | - Regina Hofmann-Lehmann
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, and Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tutija J, Soares R, Echeverria J, Souza M, Silva T, Ramos R, Lemos R, Ramos C, Leal C. Microfilaremia by Cercopithifilaria bainae in a dog from the central western region of Brazil: case report. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cercopithifilaria bainae is a nematode belonging to the family Onchocercidae that parasitizes the subcutaneous tissue of dogs. Its transmission occurs through the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its geographical distribution overlaps that of this vector. The present study reports the detection of microfilaremia by C. bainae in an eight-year-old male dog that presented anorexia, hyperthermia, motor incoordination, mydriasis, a nodule in the left testicle and concomitant infection by Ehrlichia sp. Blood samples were analyzed using microscopy, PCR and DNA sequencing. Microfilariae measuring 150±5.5μm in length and 7±1.8μm in width were retrieved. The DNA sequence exhibited 98% identity with C. bainae sequences available in Genbank. This is the first report of microfilaremia by C. bainae in a dog in the central western region of Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J.F. Tutija
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - R.L. Soares
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - M.A.S. Souza
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - R.A.N. Ramos
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - R.A.A. Lemos
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - C.A.N. Ramos
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - C.R.B. Leal
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Soares RL, Silva AOD, Coelho ML, Echeverria JT, Souza MLD, Babo-Terra VJ, Pasquatti TN, Ramos RAN, Ramos CADN. Molecular detection of Cercopithifilaria bainae and other tick-borne pathogens in Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. isolated from dogs in Midwest Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:e018019. [PMID: 32049147 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to detect Cercopithifilaria bainae and other tick-borne pathogens and to perform molecular characterization of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. collected from dogs. Ticks (n = 432, including 8 larvae, 59 nymphs, and 365 adults) were sampled from domiciled dogs (n = 73) living in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul (Midwest Brazil). All ticks were morphologically identified as R. sanguineus. Genomic DNA was extracted in pools (three to five ticks per animal) and was used for definition of R. sanguineus haplotypes (based on 16S rRNA analysis) and pathogen identification (Cercopithifilaria sp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Hepatozoon canis, Babesia vogeli and Rickettsia spp.). Rhipicephal us sanguineus specimens were identified as haplotypes A and B. DNA of Cercopithifilaria bainae (43.83%; 32/73), Ehrlichia canis (24.65%; 18/73), Anaplasma platys (19.17%; 14/73), and Hepatozoon canis (5.47%; 4/73) was detected. The identity of pathogens was confirmed by DNA sequence analysis. The present study confirms the presence of haplotypes A and B of R. sanguineus in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and its importance as a vector of several pathogens of veterinary concern. Finally, this is the first report to identify C. bainae in ticks in the Midwestern region of Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Leite Soares
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Angélica Oliveira da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Mateus Lotério Coelho
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Jessica Teles Echeverria
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Michelli Lopes de Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Veronica Jorge Babo-Terra
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prevalence, molecular characterization and risk factor analysis of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in domestic dogs from Paraguay. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 62:31-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|