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Siviero-Miachon AA, de Sousa AL, Simião BM, Araújo EO, Alvarenga R, Spinola-Castro AM, Longui CA. Glucocorticoid Sensitivity Among Young Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: What Does It Matter? Horm Metab Res 2024. [PMID: 39102841 DOI: 10.1055/a-2363-4823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess glucocorticoid sensitivity in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia using in vivo and in vitro tests. Thirty leukemia survivors of both sexes aged ≥18 years participated in the study and at least two years after therapy withdrawal. In vivo tests comprised: a) a very low dose intravenous dexamethasone suppression test for measurement of serum cortisol before, after, and % suppression, compared with 32 age-matched controls; and b) 0.25 mg overnight oral dexamethasone suppression test for assessment of salivary cortisol before, after, and % suppression. In vitro methods comprised: c) glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms: BcI1-NR3C1 and A3669G; and d) splicing variant of glucocorticoid receptor GR-α mRNA by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, compared with 32 controls. There was a reduction in salivary cortisol, and 73.3% of leukemia survivors showed high sensitivity according to % suppression after oral dexamethasone (p<0.05). Serum cortisol at baseline, after the test, % suppression after intravenous dexamethasone, and the percentage of high sensitivity were reduced in the leukemia group (%F=36.7; p<0.05). The BcI1-NR3C1 and A3669G polymorphisms were present in 11/30 (36.7%) and 5/30 (16.7%) patients, respectively. GR-α mRNA levels were lower in the leukemia group than in the controls (p<0.05). Survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with reduced glucocorticoid sensitivity. Glucocorticoid sensitivity allows individualized treatment to avoid adverse effects and may be involved in cardiovascular disease risk among this particular group of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Aparecida Siviero-Miachon
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital of the Support Group for Adolescent and Children with Cancer - GRAACC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - AnaVirgínia Lopes de Sousa
- Pediatric Oncology, Hospital of the Support Group for Adolescent and Children with Cancer - GRAACC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Moreira Simião
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Oliveira Araújo
- Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de Sao Paulo - FCM SCSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Alvarenga
- Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de Sao Paulo - FCM SCSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Maria Spinola-Castro
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital of the Support Group for Adolescent and Children with Cancer - GRAACC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Longui
- Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de Sao Paulo - FCM SCSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Gettler LT, Jankovic-Rankovic J, Gengo RG, Eick GN, Nash MP, Arumah EN, Boru AM, Ali SA, Urlacher SS, Meyer JS, Snodgrass JJ, Oka RC. Refugee health and physiological profiles in transitional settlements in Serbia and Kenya: Comparative evidence for effects of gender and social support. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 165:107024. [PMID: 38569397 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
When armed conflict compels people to flee from their homelands, they embark on protracted journeys during which they experience wide ranging physical, social, and psychological challenges. Few studies have focused on refugee psychosocial and physiological profiles during the transitional phase of forced migration that often involves temporary sheltering. Transient refugees' experiences can vary substantially based on local socio-ecological conditions in temporary settlements, including the length of stay, living conditions, as well as the availability and accessibility of physical and social resources. In this study, we compared physiological and psychosocial data from refugees (N=365; 406 observations) in Serbia and Kenya, respectively, with divergent temporal (length of stay) and socio-ecological conditions. In Serbia, refugees resided in asylum centers (mean stay: 0.9 y); in Kenya they were living in Kakuma Refugee Camp (mean stay: 8.8 y), one of the world's largest camps at the time. We had limited ability to directly compare psychosocial measures and used meta-analytic techniques to evaluate predictors of refugee mental and physical health at the two sites, including based on perceived social support. Refugees in Serbia had higher fingernail cortisol (p < 0.001) and were less likely to have elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p < 0.01) than refugees in Kakuma. We found common gender differences in both settings; women had lower cortisol but higher EBV antibody titers and higher likelihood of having elevated CRP compared to men (all p < 0.01). Woman also reported poorer mental and physical health (p < 0.001). These physiological and health differences may reflect variation between men and women in their psychosocial and physical experiences of factors such as stress, violence, and trauma during their journeys and as transitional refugees. Finally, we also found that refugees with lower levels of perceived social support reported poorer physical and mental health (p < 0.001). Although our results are cross-sectional, they suggest that this intermittent phase of the refugee experience is a key window for helping enhance refugee well-being through an emphasis on interpersonal and community support systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee T Gettler
- Department of Anthropology, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
| | | | - Rieti G Gengo
- Department of Anthropology, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Geeta N Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jerrold S Meyer
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts- Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - Rahul C Oka
- Keough School of Global Affairs, Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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3
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Pereira SC, Coeli-Lacchini FB, Pereira DA, Ferezin LP, Menezes IC, Baes CVW, Luizon MR, Juruena MF, Cleare AJ, Young AH, Lacchini R. Early life stress unravels epistatic genetic associations of cortisol pathway genes with depression. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 175:323-332. [PMID: 38759498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis represents one of the most consistent pathophysiological findings in depressive disorders. Cortisol signaling is affected by proteins that mediate its cellular responses or alters its availability to mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. In our study, we evaluated candidate genes that may influence the risk for depression and suicide due to its involvement in cortisol signaling. The aim of the study was to assess whether the genotypes of these genes are associated with the risk for depression, severity of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. And whether there is interaction between genes and early-life stress. In this study, 100 healthy controls and 140 individuals with depression were included. The subjects were clinically assessed using the 21-item GRID-Hamilton questionnaires (GRID-HAMD-21), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSI), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). A robust multifactorial dimensionality reduction analysis was used to characterize the interactions between the genes HSD11B1, NR3C1, NR3C2, and MDR1 and early-life stress. It was found a significant association of the heterozygous genotype of the MDR1 gene rs1128503 polymorphism with reduced risk of at least one suicide attempt (OR: 0.08, p = 0.003*) and a reduction in the number of suicide attempts (β = -0.79, p = 0.006*). Furthermore, it was found that the MDR1 rs1228503 and NR3C2 rs2070951 genes interact with early-life stress resulting in a strong association with depression (p = 0.001). Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in the MDR1 and NR3C2 genes and their interaction with childhood trauma may be important biomarkers for depression and suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherliane Carla Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Alves Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto Nursing School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Itiana Castro Menezes
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Cristiane von Werne Baes
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rizzatti Luizon
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mario F Juruena
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London & South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Cleare
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London & South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London & South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
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4
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Huang H, Wang W. Molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid resistance. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13901. [PMID: 36346177 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a powerful anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and antiproliferative drug, glucocorticoid (GC) plays an important role in the treatment of various diseases. However, some patients may experience glucocorticoid resistance (GCR) in clinical, and its molecular mechanism have not been determined. METHODS The authors performed a review of the literature on GCR focusing on mutations in the NR3C1 gene and impaired glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signalling, using METSTR (2000 through May 2022) to identify original articles and reviews on this topic. The search terms included 'glucocorticoid resistance/insensitive', 'steroid resistance/insensitive', 'NR3C1', and 'glucocorticoid receptor'. RESULTS Primary GCR is mainly caused by NR3C1 gene mutation, and 31 NR3C1 gene mutations have been reported so far. Secondary GCR is caused by impaired GC signalling pathways, including decreased expression of GR, impaired nuclear translocation of GR, and impaired binding of GR to GC and GR to target genes. However, the current research is more on the expression level of GR, and there are relatively few studies on other mechanisms. In addition, methods for improving GC sensitivity are rarely reported. CONCLUSION The molecular mechanisms of GCR are complex and may differ in different diseases or different patients. In future studies, when exploring the mechanism of GCR, methods to improve GC sensitivity should also be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanming Huang
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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5
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da Silva-Júnior RMP, Bueno AC, Martins CS, Coelli-Lacchini F, Okanobo Ozaki JG, de Almeida E Silva DC, Marrero-Gutiérrez J, Dos Santos AC, Garcia-Peral C, Machado HR, Volpon Dos Santos M, Elias PL, Moreira AC, Colli LM, Vêncio RZN, Antonini SR, de Castro M. Integrating methylome and transcriptome signatures expands the molecular classification of the pituitary tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 108:1452-1463. [PMID: 36504388 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore pituitary tumors by methylome and transcriptome signatures in a heterogeneous ethnic population. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinicopathological features, methylome and transcriptome were evaluated in pituitary tumors from 77 patients (61% women, age: 12-72 years) followed due to functioning (FPT: GH-secreting n = 18, ACTH-secreting n = 14) and non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFPT, n = 45) at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo. RESULTS Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis (UHCA) of methylome (n = 77) and transcriptome (n = 65 out of 77) revealed three clusters each: one enriched by FPT, other by NFPT, and another by ACTH-secreting and NFPT. Comparison between each omics-derived clusters identified 3,568 and 5,994 differentially methylated and expressed genes, respectively, which were associated with each other, with tumor clinical presentation, and with 2017 and 2022 WHO classifications. UHCA considering 11 transcripts related to pituitary development/differentiation also supported three clusters: POU1F1-driven somatotroph, TBX19-driven corticotroph, and NR5A1-driven gonadotroph adenomas, with rare exceptions (NR5A1 expressed in few GH-secreting and corticotroph-silent adenomas; POU1F1 in few ACTH-secreting adenomas; and TBX19 in few NFPTs). CONCLUSIONS This large heterogenic ethnic Brazilian cohort confirms that integrated methylome and transcriptome signatures classify FPT and NFPT, which are associated with clinical presentation and tumor invasiveness. Moreover, the cluster NFPT/ACTH-secreting adenomas raises interest regarding tumor heterogeneity, supporting the challenge raised by the 2017 and 2022 WHO definition regarding the discrepancy, in rare cases, between clinical presentation and pituitary lineage markers. Finally, making our data publicly available enables further studies to validate genes/pathways involved in pituitary tumor pathogenesis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Carolina Bueno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Danillo Cunha de Almeida E Silva
- Department of Computation and Mathematics Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Junier Marrero-Gutiérrez
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Dos Santos
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Garcia-Peral
- Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Hélio Rubens Machado
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Volpon Dos Santos
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ayrton C Moreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro M Colli
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Z N Vêncio
- Department of Computation and Mathematics Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonir R Antonini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Margaret de Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
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6
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Van der Auwera S, Klinger-König J, Wittfeld K, Terock J, Hannemann A, Bülow R, Nauck M, Völker U, Völzke H, Grabe HJ. The interplay between genetic variation and gene expression of the glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1 and blood cortisol levels on verbal memory and hippocampal volumes. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:1505-1516. [PMID: 35579746 PMCID: PMC9653325 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis is the main physiological stress response system and regulating the release of cortisol. The two corticoid receptors encoded by the genes NR3C1 and NR3C2 are the main players in regulating the physiological response to cortisol. This biological system has been linked to neurocognitive processes and memory, yet the mechanisms remain largely unclear. In two independent general population studies (SHIP, total sample size > 5500), we aim to diseantangle the effects of genetic variation, gene expression and cortisol on verbal memory and memory associated brain volume. Especially for NR3C1 results exhibited a consistent pattern of direct an interactive effects. All three biological layers, genetic variation (rs56149945), gene expression for NR3C1 and cortisol levels, were directly associated with verbal memory. Interactions between these components showed significant effects on verbal memory as well as hippocampal volume. For NR3C2 such a complex association pattern could not be observed. Our analyses revealed that different components of the stress response system are acting together on different aspects of cognition. Complex phenotypes, such as cognition and memory function are regulated by a complex interplay between different genetic and epigenetic features. We promote the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 as a main target to focus in the context of verbal memory and provided a mechanistic concept of the interaction between various biological layers spanning NR3C1 function and its effects on memory. Especially the NR3C1 transcript seemed to be a key element in this complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Johanna Klinger-König
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Terock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Rostocker Chaussee, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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7
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Mottaghi S, Sagheb MM, Azarpira N, Abdizadeh F, Faeghi R, Karimzadeh I. Association between the Three Polymorphisms of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene and the Early Clinical Outcome in Kidney Transplantation Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:444-453. [PMID: 34840385 PMCID: PMC8611220 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2020.85872.1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoids are pivotal components of immunosuppressive regimens in solid organ transplantations. This study aimed to assess the possible association between
the ER22/23EK, N363S, and Bcl1 polymorphisms, and short-term clinical outcomes, including acute rejection and delayed graft function (DGF), in kidney
transplantation recipients. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in a two-year period on adults with transplanted kidneys, comprised of subjects without rejection (n=50, control) and those
with documented rejection within one year after transplantation (n=50, case), between April 2017 and September 2018, in Shiraz, Iran. Demographic characteristics
and clinical and paraclinical findings were gathered. The genotyping of the ER22/23EK, N363S, and Bcl1 polymorphisms was carried out via polymerase chain
reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The association between the genotypes and DGF as well as rejection types was evaluated using either
the Chi square test or Fisher exact test. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent factors of acute rejection within
the first year after transplantation. Results: The study population consisted of 64 men and 36 women. The frequency of mutated alleles was 0.32 for G (Bcl1), 0.02 for S (N363S), and 0.065 for A (ER22/23EK).
There was no significant association either between the studied polymorphisms and acute rejection or between the Bcl1 (P=0.17), N363S (P=0.99),
and ER22/23EK (P=0.99) genotypes and DGF. The length of hospital stay after kidney transplantation was slightly more in N363N and ER22/23EK wild allele carriers.
However, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our data suggested no statistically significant association between the genotypes of the studied polymorphisms and early clinical outcomes after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Mottaghi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb
- Nephrology-Urology Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abdizadeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Romina Faeghi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Iman Karimzadeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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8
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Martins CS, de Castro M. Generalized and tissue specific glucocorticoid resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 530:111277. [PMID: 33864884 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones that influence several physiologic functions and are among the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide. Resistance to GCs has been observed in the context of the familial generalized GC resistance (Chrousos' syndrome) or tissue specific GC resistance in chronic inflammatory states. In this review, we have summarized the major factors that influence individual glucocorticoid sensitivity/resistance. The fine-tuning of GC action is determined in a tissue-specific fashion that includes the combination of different GC receptor promoters, translation initiation sites, splice isoforms, interacting proteins, post-translational modifications, and alternative mechanisms of signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Silva Martins
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirao Preto Medical School - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Margaret de Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirao Preto Medical School - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Cavalcante GC, de Moraes MR, Valente CMD, Silva CS, Modesto AAC, de Assumpção PB, de Assumpção PP, Santos S, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos Â. Investigation of INDEL variants in apoptosis: the relevance to gastric cancer. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:207. [PMID: 33076854 PMCID: PMC7574166 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis is a type of cell death involved in different pathways inherent to the cell and the evasion from this mechanism has been related to cancer, although this process remains not very well comprehended. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most incident and aggressive types of cancer worldwide. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of INDEL variants in GC patients (Case) and individuals from the general population (Control) from the Amazon region, in which GC is remarkably frequent. METHODS A panel of nine INDEL markers in apoptosis-related genes (BCL2 rs11269260, CASP3 rs4647655, CASP8 rs3834129 and rs59308963, CASP9 rs4645982 and rs61079693, FADD rs4197, FAS rs10562972 and TP53 rs17880560) was developed and genotyped by multiplex PCR in both groups. RESULTS In our analyses, only marker rs4197 (FADD gene) was associated to GC development as follows: INS/DEL genotype of rs4197 increasing in about 2-fold the chances of developing this type of cancer (P = 0.046; OR = 1.940; 95%CI = 1.011-3.725). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that rs4197 (FADD gene) might play a role in gastric carcinogenesis in the investigated population. More studies are needed to clarify this relation. Here, we highlight the importance of investigating INDEL variants in genes involved in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Chaves Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Milene Raiol de Moraes
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Cristina Maria Duarte Valente
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Caio Santos Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Antônio André Conde Modesto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, 66073-005, Brazil
| | - Paula Baraúna de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, 66073-005, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, 66073-005, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, 66073-005, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, 66073-005, Brazil.
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10
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Song T, Chang H, Du L, Yin L, Shi F, Zhang X. Glucocorticoid receptor mutations and clinical sensitivity to glucocorticoid in Chinese multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2767-2771. [PMID: 32277392 PMCID: PMC7478945 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid (GC) is the first-line therapy in acute attacks of multiple sclerosis (MS), but its efficacy is individually variable and may be associated with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene. OBJECTIVE To establish the association between GR gene sequence and clinical GC sensitivity in Chinese MS patients. And to investigate the expression differences of serum GRα and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) in GC responders and non-responders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Coding exons 2-9 of the GR gene from 97 MS patients were sequenced. We performed ELISA to detect serum GRα and FKBP5 before the GC impulse therapy in patients with different GC sensitivities (according to the EDSS changes before and after the GC medication). RESULTS Seven new mutations were located in exon 2, but the presence or absence of mutations was not associated with the response to GC therapy (P = 0.416). The GC-sensitive patients had higher GRα (P = 0.011) but lower FKBP5 (P = 0.025) levels in the serum. CONCLUSIONS The GR mutations detected in our study were not associated with the response to GC in Chinese MS patients. Higher GRα and lower FKBP5 levels in the serum might predict the response to GC, which may provide potential therapeutic target for GC-resistant patients with acute MS attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Song
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Haoxiao Chang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Li Du
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Linlin Yin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Fudong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xinghu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
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11
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A biocultural approach to psychiatric illnesses. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2923-2936. [PMID: 30721322 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-5178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE As a species, humans are vulnerable to numerous mental disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. This susceptibility may be due to the evolution of our large, complex brains, or perhaps because these illnesses counterintuitively confer some adaptive advantage. Additionally, cultural and biological factors may contribute to susceptibility and variation in mental illness experience and expression. Taking a holistic perspective could strengthen our understanding of these illnesses in diverse cultural contexts. OBJECTIVES This paper reviews some of these potential factors and contextualizes mental disorders within a biocultural framework. RESULTS There is growing evidence that suggests cultural norms may influence inflammation, neurotransmitters, and neurobiology, as well as the illness experience. Specific examples include variation in schizophrenia delusions between countries, differences in links between inflammation and emotion between the United States and Japan, and differences in brain activity between Caucasian and Asian participants indicating that cultural values may moderate cognitive processes related to social cognition and interoception. CONCLUSIONS Research agendas that are grounded in an appreciation of biocultural diversity as it relates to psychiatric illness represent key areas for truly interdisciplinary research that can result in culturally sensitive treatments and highlight possible biological variation affecting medical treatment.
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12
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Chen L, Pan X, Zhang YH, Hu X, Feng K, Huang T, Cai YD. Primary Tumor Site Specificity is Preserved in Patient-Derived Tumor Xenograft Models. Front Genet 2019; 10:738. [PMID: 31456818 PMCID: PMC6701289 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse models are widely used for drug screening. The underlying assumption is that PDX tissue is very similar with the original patient tissue, and it has the same response to the drug treatment. To investigate whether the primary tumor site information is well preserved in PDX, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of PDX mouse models originated from different tissues, including breast, kidney, large intestine, lung, ovary, pancreas, skin, and soft tissues. The popular Monte Carlo feature selection method was employed to analyze the expression profile, yielding a feature list. From this list, incremental feature selection and support vector machine (SVM) were adopted to extract distinctively expressed genes in PDXs from different primary tumor sites and build an optimal SVM classifier. In addition, we also set up a group of quantitative rules to identify primary tumor sites. A total of 755 genes were extracted by the feature selection procedures, on which the SVM classifier can provide a high performance with MCC 0.986 on classifying primary tumor sites originated from different tissues. Furthermore, we obtained 16 classification rules, which gave a lower accuracy but clear classification procedures. Such results validated that the primary tumor site specificity was well preserved in PDX as the PDXs from different primary tumor sites were still very different and these PDX differences were similar with the differences observed in patients with tumor. For example, VIM and ABHD17C were highly expressed in the PDX from breast tissue and also highly expressed in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of PMMP, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Pan
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - KaiYan Feng
- Department of Computer Science, Guangdong AIB Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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13
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El-Fayoumi R, Hagras M, Abozenadaha A, Bawazir W, Shinawi T. Association Between NR3C1 Gene Polymorphisms and Toxicity Induced by Glucocorticoids Therapy in Saudi Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:1415-1423. [PMID: 29802709 PMCID: PMC6031821 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.5.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are key hormones used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children, but their cytotoxic effects are not well defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in NR3C1 encoding for protein involved in the GCs metabolism and its role in the development of ALL and the toxicity outcome, in terms of liver toxicity, glucose abnormality and infections, in ALL Saudi children. Methods: The following polymorphisms BCII rs41423247, ER22/23 EK rs6189 and rs6190 and N363S rs6195 in NR3C1 were analyzed in 70 children with ALL treated according to the ALL 2000 study protocol in comparison to 60 control subjects. Treatment toxicities and their association with genotypes were evaluated according to Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC). Results: This study demonstrated that the NR3C1 did not contribute to the development of childhood ALL. Homozygous ER22/23EK polymorphism was not found in both ALL patients and in control group whereas the heterozygous polymorphism was only observed in the control group (6.66%). The toxicology data in this study showed a significant difference between ALL patients carrying N363S polymorphism and wild type (40% and 6.51% respectively, P= 0.009) and a high-risk factor in the toxicity of glucose abnormality (OR=10.167; 1.302-79.339).BCII shows increased risk factors towards the liver toxicity (OR=2.667; 0.526-7.330) as well as the glucose abnormality (OR=7.5; 1.039-54.116). Conclusion: This study suggested that the polymorphisms in NR3C1 were not associated with the development of ALL in children. N363S polymorphism was sensitive to glucocorticoids and it may contribute to the glucose abnormality for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refaat El-Fayoumi
- Medical laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah , Saudi Arabi.
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14
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Effects of crack cocaine addiction and stress-related genes on peripheral BDNF levels. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 90:78-85. [PMID: 28237884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes on susceptibility to crack cocaine addiction and BDNF levels. Crack addicted patients who sought treatment (n = 280) and non-addicted individuals (n = 241) were assessed. Three SNPs in NR3C1 (rs6198, rs41423247, and rs10052957), three in CRHR1 (rs12944712, rs110402, and rs878886), and one in BDNF (rs6265) were genotyped. No significant effect was seen in the case-control analyses. Crack cocaine addicted patients showed significantly lower serum BDNF levels. Significant effects were observed for NR3C1 rs41423247 and rs10052957. These effects were restricted to non-addicted individuals and they were supported by significant gene-by-disease status interactions. For CRHR1, all SNPs were associated with BDNF levels. Although there were significant effects only in the analysis restricted to non-addicted individuals, the lack of significant results in the gene-by-disease status interaction analyses suggest a general effect on BDNF levels. The haplotype analyses presented the same effect seen in the single marker analyses. This study suggests that SNPs in the NR3C1 and CRHR1 genes may influence BDNF levels, but this effect is blunted in the context of crack cocaine addiction. Therefore, our data may be interpreted in light of several studies showing pronounced effects of crack cocaine on BDNF levels. Since peripheral BDNF is a biomarker for several psychiatric phenotypes, our results may be useful in interpreting previous associations between stress-related SNPs, drug addiction, and depression.
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15
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Lee KE, Chung JE, Yi B, Cho YJ, Kim HJ, Lee GY, Kim JH, Chang BC, Gwak HS. Influence of NR3C1 and VDR polymorphisms on stable warfarin dose in patients with mechanical cardiac valves. Int J Cardiol 2017; 236:393-397. [PMID: 28262345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between polymorphisms of VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP4F2, NR3C1 and VDR genes and stable warfarin doses in Korean patients with mechanical heart valves. METHODS Seventeen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 204 patients with stable warfarin dose were analyzed: VKORC1 (rs9934438), CYP2C9 (rs1057910), CYP4F2 (rs2108622), NR3C1 (rs41423247, rs1800445, rs56149945, rs10052957, rs6198, rs33388, rs6196, and rs244465), and VDR (rs1544410, rs11568820, rs731236, rs757343, rs7975232, and rs2228570). Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations of gene variations with stable warfarin dose. Number needed to genotype was obtained by calculating the percentage of patients whose predicted dose was at least 20% higher or lower than the actual stable dose. RESULTS The combined genotypes of rs7975232 and rs2228570 of the VDR gene revealed a significant association with stable warfarin dose, along with VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 polymorphisms. Patients with the genotype combination GT,TT/CT,CC of VDR rs7975232/rs2228570 required significantly higher stable warfarin dose (5.79±2.02mg) than those with the other genotypic combinations (5.19±1.78mg, p=0.034). Multivariate analysis showed that VDR rs7975232/rs2228570 explained 2.0% of the 47.5% variability in overall warfarin dose. Adding VDR SNP combinations to the base model including non-genetic variables (age, sex, and body weight) and genetic variables (VKORC1 rs9934438, CYP2C9 rs1057910, and CYP4F2 rs2108622) gave a number needed to genotype of 41. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that stable warfarin dose is associated with VDR SNPs along with VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Eun Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Yi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwan Yung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Chang
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University Medical Center, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Gwak
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Zhao Z, Xue Y, Hong D, Zhang H, Hu Z, Fan S, Chen H. Polymorphisms in the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene and Associations with Glucocorticoid-Induced Avascular Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 21:322-327. [PMID: 28346829 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yun Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dun Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Bone-Setting Hospital of Luoyang, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haixiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
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17
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Martins CS, Elias D, Colli LM, Couri CE, Souza MCLA, Moreira AC, Foss MC, Elias LLK, de Castro M. HPA axis dysregulation, NR3C1 polymorphisms and glucocorticoid receptor isoforms imbalance in metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 27507764 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Metabolic syndrome (MetS) shares several similarities with hypercortisolism. OBJECTIVES To evaluate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis sensitivity to dexamethasone (DEX), NR3C1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoforms and cytokines in peripheral immune cells of MetS patients and controls. DESIGN Prospective study with 40 MetS patients and 40 controls was conducted at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School University Hospital. METHODS Plasma and salivary cortisol were measured in basal conditions and after 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg of DEX given at 2300 h. In addition, p.N363S (rs6195), p.ER22/23EK (rs6189-6190), and BclI (rs41423247) SNPs were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction allelic discrimination. Exons 3 to 9 and exon/intron boundaries of NR3C1 were sequenced. GR isoforms and cytokines (IL1B, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10, IFNγ, TNFα) expression were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Plasma and salivary cortisol (nmol/L) after 1-mg DEX were higher in MetS patients compared with controls (PF: 70.2 ± 17.3 vs 37.9 ± 2.6, P = .02, and SF: 4.9 ± 1.7 vs 2.2 ± 0.3, P < .0001). After all DEX doses, a lower number of MetS patients suppressed plasma and salivary cortisol compared with controls. The BclI genotypic frequencies (%) differed between patients (CC:56/CG:44) and controls (CC:50/CG:32.5/GG:17.5) (P = .03). The GRβ was overexpressed (fold = 100.0; P = .002) and IL4 (fold = -265.0; P < .0001) was underexpressed in MetS. CONCLUSION MetS patients exhibited decreased HPA sensitivity to glucocorticoid feedback. Moreover, the BclI polymorphism lower frequency, GRβ overexpression, and IL4 underexpression might underlie the molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid resistance in MetS. Thus, HPA axis dysregulation might contribute to MetS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Silva Martins
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Elias
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Machado Colli
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Couri
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel Carlos L A Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ayrton C Moreira
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton C Foss
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucila L K Elias
- Department of Physiology - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Margaret de Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Song QQ, Xie WY, Tang YJ, Zhang J, Liu J. Genetic variation in the glucocorticoid pathway involved in interindividual differences in the glucocorticoid treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:293-316. [PMID: 28112586 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for treating asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other autoimmune diseases. However, in a subgroup of patients, failure to respond to GCs is known as GC resistance or GC insensitivity. This represents an important barrier to effective treatment and a clinical problem requiring an urgent solution. Genetic variation in the GC pathway is a significant factor in interindividual differences in GC treatment. This article reviews the pharmacogenetics of GCs in diverse diseases based on the GC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
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19
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Rovaris DL, Aroche AP, da Silva BS, Kappel DB, Pezzi JC, Levandowski ML, Hess ARB, Schuch JB, de Almeida RMM, Grassi-Oliveira R, Bau CHD. Glucocorticoid receptor gene modulates severity of depression in women with crack cocaine addiction. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:1438-1447. [PMID: 27397864 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Crack cocaine addicted inpatients that present more severe withdrawal symptoms also exhibit higher rates of depressive symptoms. There is strong evidence that the identification of genetic variants in depression is potentialized when reducing phenotypic heterogeneity by studying selected groups. Since depression has been associated to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, this study evaluated the effects of SNPs in stress-related genes on depressive symptoms of crack cocaine addicts at early abstinence and over the detoxification treatment (4th, 11th and 18th day post admission). Also, the role of these SNPs on the re-hospitalization rates after 2.5 years of follow-up was studied. One hundred eight-two women were enrolled and eight SNPs in four genes (NR3C2, NR3C1, FKBP5 and CRHR1) were genotyped. A significant main effect of NR3C1-rs41423247 was found, where the C minor allele increased depressive symptoms at early abstinence. This effect remained significant after 10,000 permutations to account for multiple SNPs tested (P=0.0077). There was no effect of rs41423247 on the course of detoxification treatment, but a slight effect of rs41423247 at late abstinence was detected (P=0.0463). This analysis suggests that the presence of at least one C allele is worse at early abstinence, while only CC genotype appears to increase depressive symptoms at late abstinence. Also, a slight effect of rs41423247 C minor allele increasing the number of re-hospitalizations after 2.5 years was found (P=0.0413). These findings are in agreement with previous studies reporting an influence of rs41423247 on sensitivity to glucocorticoids and further elucidate its resulting effects on depressive-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego L Rovaris
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angelita P Aroche
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Health Sciences Institute, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Bruna S da Silva
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Djenifer B Kappel
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Júlio C Pezzi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mateus L Levandowski
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil
| | - Adriana R B Hess
- Institute of Psychology, Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Neuroscience and Behavior (LPNeC), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline B Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rosa M M de Almeida
- Institute of Psychology, Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Neuroscience and Behavior (LPNeC), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil
| | - Claiton H D Bau
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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20
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Zhang P, Jiang B, Xie L, Huang W. PTGFR and SLCO2A1 Gene Polymorphisms Determine Intraocular Pressure Response to Latanoprost in Han Chinese Patients with Glaucoma. Curr Eye Res 2016; 41:1561-1565. [PMID: 27336732 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2016.1143013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relationship between the polymorphisms of the prostaglandin F2α receptor (PTGFR) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family 2A1 (SLCO2A1) genes and response to latanoprost treatment in Han Chinese patients with glaucoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS 89 patients with POAG or OH received latanoprost treatment and intraocular pressure (IOP) data was collected on day 7 and day 30. The rs12093097, rs35586449, rs3753380, and rs3766355 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PTGFR gene and rs2370512, rs34550074, and rs4241366 SNPs in the SLCO2A1 gene were analyzed using direct DNA sequencing or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS The IOP in patients with GG allele of rs4241366 was lower than in patients with GC+CC on day 7 (p = 0.007). The IOP in patients with CC allele of rs3766355 was lower than in patients with CA+AA on day 30 (p = 0.024). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that even after adjusting for baseline IOP, the rs4241366 in SLCO2A1 gene and the rs3766355 in PTGFR gene correlated with response to latanoprost on day 7 (rs4241366, p = 0.014) and day 30 (rs3766355, p = 0.035), respectively, in Han Chinese patients with glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS An association was found between single nucleotide polymorphisms of the PTGFR and SLCO2A1 genes and the response to latanoprost in Han Chinese patients with glaucoma. These SNPs may be important determinants of differential response to latanoprost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , P.R. China
| | - Bing Jiang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , P.R. China
| | - Lili Xie
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , P.R. China
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Kassi E, Semaniakou A, Sertedaki A, Evangelopoulos ME, Kazazoglou T, Kominakis A, Sfagos C, Charmandari E, Chrousos GP, Moutsatsou P. Sequencing analysis of the human glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) gene in multiple sclerosis patients. J Neurol Sci 2016; 363:165-9. [PMID: 27000245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various specific human glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) gene polymorphisms have been described in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and correlated with disease progression, susceptibility and aggressiveness. Herein, we investigated the presence of gene alterations in the entire coding region of the NR3C1 in MS patients of variable clinical status (CIS, RRMS and SPMS) and the association(s) of these alterations with severity of disease (EDSS), response to glucocorticoid (GC) treatment and clinical improvement. Sixty Caucasian Greek MS patients were included. Sequencing the coding sequences and intron-exon boundaries of the NR3C1 did not reveal the presence of mutation(s) in any of the MS patients. Three previously described polymorphisms were detected: p.N363S (rs6195), p.N766N (rs6196) and c.1469-16G>T (rs6188). None of the identified alleles/genotypes were found to be associated with the severity of disease, response to glucocorticoids and disease subtypes. Known polymorphism, such as ER22/23EK that has been previously detected in MS patients, was not detected. There is a considerable ethnicity-related variation in the frequency of the NR3C1 polymorphisms. Although a genetic basis of the glucocorticoid sensitivity exists in healthy population, in the presence of chronic inflammation and abundance of cytokines--such in MS patients--other factors appear to play a more important role in GC sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Semaniakou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Amalia Sertedaki
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleftheria Evangelopoulos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital 'Eginition', Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vassilissis Sophias 74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodosia Kazazoglou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Kominakis
- Department of Animal Breeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Sfagos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital 'Eginition', Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vassilissis Sophias 74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital "ATTIKO", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece.
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