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Chayanopparat S, Jitprapaikulsan J, Ongphichetmetha T. Catastrophic tumefactive acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in patient with dengue virus: a case report. J Neurovirol 2024:10.1007/s13365-024-01210-1. [PMID: 38778005 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDL) are a rare occurrence among inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, distinguished by tumor-like lesions exceeding 2 cm in diameter. While various etiologies have been associated with TDL, only a limited number of case reports document the coexistence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and TDL. Here, we present the case of a female diagnosed with dengue fever two weeks prior, who subsequently developed left hemiparesis and encephalopathy. Both her brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical course align with the characteristics of tumefactive ADEM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Neuroimmunology Center, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
- Siriraj Neuroimmunology Center, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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2
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Bergmann S, Bohn MC, Dornbusch S, Becker SC, Stern M. Influence of RVFV Infection on Olfactory Perception and Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040558. [PMID: 37111444 PMCID: PMC10142484 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In blood-feeding dipterans, olfaction plays a role in finding hosts and, hence, in spreading pathogens. Several pathogens are known to alter olfactory responses and behavior in vectors. As a mosquito-borne pathogen, Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) can affect humans and cause great losses in livestock. We test the influence of RVFV infection on sensory perception, olfactory choice behavior and activity on a non-biting insect, Drosophila melanogaster, using electroantennograms (EAG), Y-maze, and locomotor activity monitor. Flies were injected with RVFV MP12 strain. Replication of RVFV and its persistence for at least seven days was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR). One day post injection, infected flies showed weaker EAG responses towards 1-hexanol, vinegar, and ethyl acetate. In the Y-maze, infected flies showed a significantly lower response for 1-hexanol compared to uninfected flies. At days six or seven post infection, no significant difference between infected and control flies could be found in EAG or Y-maze anymore. Activity of infected flies was reduced at both time points. We found an upregulation of the immune-response gene, nitric oxide synthase, in infected flies. An infection with RVFV is able to transiently reduce olfactory perception and attraction towards food-related odors in Drosophila, while effects on activity and immune effector gene expression persist. A similar effect in blood-feeding insects could affect vector competence in RVFV transmitting dipterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Bergmann
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maja C. Bohn
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Susann Dornbusch
- Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefanie C. Becker
- Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Stern
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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3
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de Rezende IM, Cenachi ARC, Costa TA, Oliveira GFG, Rabelo L, Menezes LM, Penido I, Pereira LS, Arruda MS, Gonç alves AP, Alves PA, Kroon EG, Calzavara-Silva CE, Ramalho DB, Martins-Filho OA, Teixeira-Carvalho A, LaBeaud AD, Drumond BP. Wild-type Yellow fever virus in cerebrospinal fluid from fatal cases in Brazil, 2018. FRONTIERS IN VIROLOGY (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:936191. [PMID: 37461745 PMCID: PMC10351615 DOI: 10.3389/fviro.2022.936191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the causative agent of yellow fever (YF), a hemorrhagic and viscerotropic acute disease. Severe YF has been described in approximately 15-25% of YF patients, with 20-50% of severe YF cases being fatal. Here we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected during the YF outbreak in Brazil in 2018, aiming to investigate CNS neuroinvasion in fatal YFV cases. YFV RNA was screened by RT-qPCR targeting the 3'UTR region of the YFV genome in CSF. CSF samples were tested for the presence of anti-YFV IgM and neutralizing antibodies, coupled with routine laboratory examinations. Among the 13 patients studied, we detected anti-YFV IgM in CSF from eight patients and YFV RNA in CSF from five patients. YFV RNA genomic load in CSF samples ranged from 1.75×103 to 5.42×103 RNA copies/mL. We genotyped YFV from three CSF samples that grouped with other YFV samples from the 2018 outbreak in Brazil within the South-American I genotype. Even though descriptions of neurologic manifestations due to wild type YFV (WT-YFV) infection are rare, since the last YF outbreak in Brazil in 2017-2018, a few studies have demonstrated WT-YFV RNA in CSF samples from YF fatal cases. Serological tests indicated the presence of IgM and neutralizing antibodies against YFV in CSF samples from two patients. Although the presence of viral RNA, IgM and neutralizing antibodies in CSF samples could indicate neuroinvasiveness, further studies are needed to better elucidate the role of YFV neuroinvasion and possible impacts in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Mauricio de Rezende
- Laboratory of Viruses, Microbiology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Thais Alkifeles Costa
- Laboratory of Viruses, Microbiology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Fernanda Garcia Oliveira
- Laboratory of Viruses, Microbiology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Livia Rabelo
- Eduardo de Menezes Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leonardo Soares Pereira
- Eduardo de Menezes Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Bendigo Heath Hospital, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Matheus Soares Arruda
- Laboratory of Viruses, Microbiology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Augusto Alves
- Immunology of Viruses Diseases, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erna Geessien Kroon
- Laboratory of Viruses, Microbiology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Integrated Group of Biomarkers Research, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho
- Integrated Group of Biomarkers Research, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A. Desiree LaBeaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Betânia Paiva Drumond
- Laboratory of Viruses, Microbiology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Evaluating Dengue Virus Pathogenesis in Mice and Humans by Histological and Immunohistochemistry Approaches. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2409:259-269. [PMID: 34709648 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1879-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of dengue virus (DENV) infected tissues in mice experimental model and in human biopsies/autopsies may support the pathogenesis studies. Through such models, it is possible to investigate possible histopathological changes caused by the infection and detections of different targets of interest, such as viral antigens, immune cells, and cytokines. In this chapter, we showed a brief review of how histological and immunohistochemistry approaches may improve the knowledge in this field.
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Alves RPDS, Andreata-Santos R, de Freitas CL, Pereira LR, Fabris-Maeda DLN, Rodrigues-Jesus MJ, Pereira SS, Carvalho AAVB, Sales NS, Peron JPS, Amorim JH, Ferreira LCDS. Protective Immunity to Dengue Virus Induced by DNA Vaccines Encoding Nonstructural Proteins in a Lethal Challenge Immunocompetent Mouse Model. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:558984. [PMID: 35047876 PMCID: PMC8757693 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2020.558984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus represents the main arbovirus affecting humans, but there are no effective drugs or available worldwide licensed vaccine formulations capable of conferring full protection against the infection. Experimental studies and results generated after the release of the licensed anti-DENV vaccine demonstrated that induction of high-titer neutralizing antibodies does not represent the sole protection correlate and that, indeed, T cell-based immune responses plays a relevant role in the establishment of an immune protective state. In this context, this study aimed to further demonstrate protective features of immune responses elicited in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice immunized with three plasmids encoding DENV2 nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS3, and NS5), which were subsequently challenged with a DENV2 strain naturally capable of inducing lethal encephalitis in immunocompetent mouse strains. The animals were immunized intramuscularly with the DNA vaccine mix and complete protection was observed among vaccinated mice. Vaccine induced protection correlated with the cytokine profiles expressed by spleen cells and brain-infiltrating mononuclear cells. The results confirm the pivotal role of cellular immune responses targeting nonstructural DENV proteins and validate the experimental model based on a DENV2 strain capable of infecting and killing immunocompetent mice as a tool for the evaluation of protective immunity induced by anti-DENV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúbens Prince dos Santos Alves
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert Andreata-Santos
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Longo de Freitas
- Laboratório de Interações Neuroimunes, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lennon Ramos Pereira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denicar Lina Nascimento Fabris-Maeda
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica Josiane Rodrigues-Jesus
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Pereira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Natiely Silva Sales
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jaime Henrique Amorim
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
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Abstract
AbstractThe high prevalence and spread of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) make them an important cause of viral encephalitis in humans. Most epidemic viral encephalitides have an etiology associated with arboviruses. Among various arboviruses, the Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Zika virus, Dengue virus and Chikungunya virus can induce seizures. Arboviruses of the genus Flavivirus are usually transmitted by mosquitoes and other host animals. These vector-borne pathogens can cause epidemic viral encephalitis. Seizures may not be the major manifestation in these viral encephalitides, but may predict a poor prognosis. In this article, we discuss the relationships between these viruses and seizures from perspectives of clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, prognosis and treatments of each.
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Puccioni-Sohler M, Poton AR, Franklin M, da Silva SJ, Brindeiro R, Tanuri A. Current evidence of neurological features, diagnosis, and neuropathogenesis associated with COVID-19. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020; 53:e20200477. [PMID: 33027418 PMCID: PMC7534972 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0477-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports indicate that besides respiratory and systemic symptoms among coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients, the disease has a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations (encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, metabolic and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, cerebrovascular diseases, Guillain-Barré syndrome, polyneuritis cranialis, dysautonomia, and myopathies). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread from the respiratory system to the central nervous system, using transneuronal and hematogenous mechanisms. Although not every COVID-19 patient will test positive for the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid exam, the appearance of neurological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals the importance of understanding the neurologic manifestations and capacity for neural invasion associated with the pathogen. These aspects are relevant for correct diagnosis and treatment, and for the potential development of vaccines. This review highlights the latest evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a focus on neurological involvement and potential neuropathogenesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Puccioni-Sohler
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - André Rodrigues Poton
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Milena Franklin
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Samya Jezine da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Brindeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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8
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Clé M, Eldin P, Briant L, Lannuzel A, Simonin Y, Van de Perre P, Cabié A, Salinas S. Neurocognitive impacts of arbovirus infections. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:233. [PMID: 32778106 PMCID: PMC7418199 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses or arbovirus, are most commonly associated with acute infections, resulting on various symptoms ranging from mild fever to more severe disorders such as hemorrhagic fever. Moreover, some arboviral infections can be associated with important neuroinflammation that can trigger neurological disorders including encephalitis, paralysis, ophthalmological impairments, or developmental defects, which in some cases, can lead to long-term defects of the central nervous system (CNS). This is well illustrated in Zika virus-associated congenital brain malformations but also in West Nile virus-induced synaptic dysfunctions that can last well beyond infection and lead to cognitive deficits. Here, we summarize clinical and mechanistic data reporting on cognitive disturbances triggered by arboviral infections, which may highlight growing public health issues spanning the five continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Clé
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Eldin
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Briant
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Annie Lannuzel
- Neurology Unit, INSERM CIC 1424, Guadeloupe University Hospital, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
- INSERM U1127, CNRS, UMR7225, Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Simonin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - André Cabié
- INSERM CIC 1424, Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Unit, Martinique University Hospital, Université des Antilles EA4537, Martinique, France.
| | - Sara Salinas
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France.
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Irving AT, Rozario P, Kong PS, Luko K, Gorman JJ, Hastie ML, Chia WN, Mani S, Lee BPH, Smith GJD, Mendenhall IH, Larman HB, Elledge SJ, Wang LF. Robust dengue virus infection in bat cells and limited innate immune responses coupled with positive serology from bats in IndoMalaya and Australasia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1607-1622. [PMID: 31352533 PMCID: PMC11104837 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural reservoir hosts can sustain infection of pathogens without succumbing to overt disease. Multiple bat species host a plethora of viruses, pathogenic to other mammals, without clinical symptoms. Here, we detail infection of bat primary cells, immune cells, and cell lines with Dengue virus. While antibodies and viral RNA were previously detected in wild bats, their ability to sustain infection is not conclusive. Old-world fruitbat cells can be infected, producing high titres of virus with limited cellular responses. In addition, there is minimal interferon (IFN) response in cells infected with MOIs leading to dengue production. The ability to support in vitro replication/production raises the possibility of bats as a transient host in the life cycle of dengue or similar flaviviruses. New antibody serology evidence from Asia/Pacific highlights the previous exposure and raises awareness that bats may be involved in flavivirus dynamics and infection of other hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey J Gorman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Marcus L Hastie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Wan Ni Chia
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen J Elledge
- Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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Dengue infection in mice inoculated by the intracerebral route: neuropathological effects and identification of target cells for virus replication. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17926. [PMID: 31784616 PMCID: PMC6884643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an important arboviral infection, causing a broad range symptom that varies from life-threatening mild illness to severe clinical manifestations. Recent studies reported the impairment of the central nervous system (CNS) after dengue infection, a characteristic previously considered as atypical and underreported. However, little is known about the neuropathology associated to dengue. Since animal models are important tools for helping to understand the dengue pathogenesis, including neurological damages, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of intracerebral inoculation of a neuroadapted dengue serotype 2 virus (DENV2) in immunocompetent BALB/c mice, mimicking some aspects of the viral encephalitis. Mice presented neurological morbidity after the 7th day post infection. At the same time, histopathological analysis revealed that DENV2 led to damages in the CNS, such as hemorrhage, reactive gliosis, hyperplastic and hypertrophied microglia, astrocyte proliferation, Purkinje neurons retraction and cellular infiltration around vessels in the pia mater and in neuropil. Viral tropism and replication were detected in resident cells of the brain and cerebellum, such as neurons, astrocyte, microglia and oligodendrocytes. Results suggest that this classical mice model might be useful for analyzing the neurotropic effect of DENV with similarities to what occurs in human.
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Calderón-Peláez MA, Velandia-Romero ML, Bastidas-Legarda LY, Beltrán EO, Camacho-Ortega SJ, Castellanos JE. Dengue Virus Infection of Blood-Brain Barrier Cells: Consequences of Severe Disease. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1435. [PMID: 31293558 PMCID: PMC6606788 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 500 million people worldwide are infected each year by any of the four-dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. The clinical spectrum caused during these infections is wide and some patients may develop neurological alterations during or after the infection, which could be explained by the cryptic neurotropic and neurovirulent features of flaviviruses like DENV. Using in vivo and in vitro models, researchers have demonstrated that DENV can affect the cells from the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in several ways, which could result in brain tissue damage, neuronal loss, glial activation, tissue inflammation and hemorrhages. The latter suggests that BBB may be compromised during infection; however, it is not clear whether the damage is due to the infection per se or to the local and/or systemic inflammatory response established or activated by the BBB cells. Similarly, the kinetics and cascade of events that trigger tissue damage, and the cells that initiate it, are unknown. This review presents evidence of the BBB cell infection with DENV and the response established toward it by these cells; it also describes the consequences of this response on the nervous tissue, compares these evidence with the one reported with neurotropic viruses of the Flaviviridae family, and shows the complexity and unpredictability of dengue and the neurological alterations induced by it. Clinical evidence and in vitro and in vivo models suggest that this virus uses the bloodstream to enter nerve tissue where it infects the different cells of the neurovascular unit. Each of the cell populations respond individually and collectively and control infection and inflammation, in other cases this response exacerbates the damage leaving irreversible sequelae or causing death. This information will allow us to understand more about the complex disease known as dengue, and its impact on a specialized and delicate tissue like is the nervous tissue.
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Maximova OA, Pletnev AG. Flaviviruses and the Central Nervous System: Revisiting Neuropathological Concepts. Annu Rev Virol 2019; 5:255-272. [PMID: 30265628 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-092917-043439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses are major emerging human pathogens on a global scale. Some flaviviruses can infect the central nervous system of the host and therefore are regarded as neurotropic. The most clinically relevant classical neurotropic flaviviruses include Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus. In this review, we focus on these flaviviruses and revisit the concepts of flaviviral neurotropism, neuropathogenicity, neuroinvasion, and resultant neuropathogenesis. We attempt to synthesize the current knowledge about interactions between the central nervous system and flaviviruses from the neuroanatomical and neuropathological perspectives and address some misconceptions and controversies. We hope that revisiting these neuropathological concepts will improve the understanding of flaviviral neuroinfections. This, in turn, may provide further guiding foundations for relevant studies of other emerging or geographically expanding flaviviruses with neuropathogenic potential, such as Zika virus and dengue virus, and pave the way for intelligent therapeutic strategies harnessing potentially beneficial, protective host responses to interfere with disease progression and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Maximova
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA; ,
| | - Alexander G Pletnev
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA; ,
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Tripathy SK, Mishra P, Dwibedi B, Priyadarshini L, Das RR. Clinico-epidemiological Study of Viral Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Cases and Comparison to Nonviral Cases in Children from Eastern India. J Glob Infect Dis 2019; 11:7-12. [PMID: 30814829 PMCID: PMC6380098 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_26_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The objective is to study the clinico-epidemiological features of viral acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases and compare them with nonviral AES cases in children from Eastern India. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatrics of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India over 18-month period. Children (6 months to 15 years) with acute onset of fever (≥37.5°C) and a change in mental status (including symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, coma, or inability to talk) and/or new onset of seizures (excluding simple febrile seizures) were included in the study. The main outcome measures were the etiology and proportion attributed to viruses causing AES with clinical correlation. Results: Of 834 of clinically suspected AES cases, viral etiology could be confirmed in 136 (16.3%) cases (herpes simplex virus-1 [HSV-I] was most common). The 5–15 years' age group was most commonly affected (boys > girls). More cases occurred from July to November. The presence of rash and Glasgow Coma Scale <8 at admission was significantly higher in viral AES. During hospitalization, development of shock, ventilatory requirement, duration of stay, and mortality was significantly higher in viral AES. On neuroimaging, global cerebral injury was common in HSV, Japanese encephalitis, and varicella-virus AES. Conclusions: Viral etiology forms a significant proportion of pediatric AES. Morbidity and mortality are high in viral compared to nonviral AES. Herpes encephalitis (HSV-I) is the most common cause of pediatric AES in Eastern India. Viral AES has poor prognosis compared to nonviral AES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Tripathy
- Department of Pediatrics, SVP Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha,, India
| | - Pravakar Mishra
- Department of Pediatrics, SVP Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha,, India
| | | | - Lipsa Priyadarshini
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rashmi Ranjan Das
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Hetman M, Slomnicki LP. Ribosomal biogenesis as an emerging target of neurodevelopmental pathologies. J Neurochem 2018; 148:325-347. [PMID: 30144322 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Development of the nervous system is carried out by complex gene expression programs that are regulated at both transcriptional and translational level. In addition, quality control mechanisms such as the TP53-mediated apoptosis or neuronal activity-stimulated survival ensure successful neurogenesis and formation of functional circuitries. In the nucleolus, production of ribosomes is essential for protein synthesis. In addition, it participates in chromatin organization and regulates the TP53 pathway via the ribosomal stress response. Its tight regulation is required for maintenance of genomic integrity. Mutations in several ribosomal components and trans-acting ribosomal biogenesis factors result in neurodevelopmental syndromes that present with microcephaly, autism, intellectual deficits and/or progressive neurodegeneration. Furthermore, ribosomal biogenesis is perturbed by exogenous factors that disrupt neurodevelopment including alcohol or Zika virus. In this review, we present recent literature that argues for a role of dysregulated ribosomal biogenesis in pathogenesis of various neurodevelopmental syndromes. We also discuss potential mechanisms through which such dysregulation may lead to cellular pathologies of the developing nervous system including insufficient proliferation and/or loss of neuroprogenitors cells, apoptosis of immature neurons, altered neuronal morphogenesis, and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hetman
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lukasz P Slomnicki
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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15
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Vanjare HA, Mannam P, Mishra AK, Karuppusami R, Carey RAB, Abraham AM, Rose W, Iyyadurai R, Mani S. Brain Imaging in Cases with Positive Serology for Dengue with Neurologic Symptoms: A Clinicoradiologic Correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:699-703. [PMID: 29439121 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dengue is a common arboviral disease, which uncommonly involves the brain. There has been a recent surge in dengue cases and dengue-related deaths in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to describe brain imaging findings in patients with dengue infection having neurologic symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients with positive serology for dengue with CNS symptoms undergoing imaging of the brain were included in the study. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters were assessed and correlated to poor outcome. RESULTS A Glasgow Coma Scale score of ≤12 at presentation, clinical classification of severe-type dengue, and the presence of acute renal failure were associated with poor outcome. Imaging parameters associated with poor outcome were involvement of the thalami and cerebellar peduncles and the presence of diffusion restriction and hemorrhagic foci in the brain parenchyma. CONCLUSIONS Although not specific, dengue infection has imaging findings that can be used to narrow down the differential list and help in prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Vanjare
- From the Departments of Radiology (H.A.V., P.M., S.M.)
| | - P Mannam
- From the Departments of Radiology (H.A.V., P.M., S.M.)
| | | | | | | | | | - W Rose
- Pediatrics (W.R.), Christian Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - S Mani
- From the Departments of Radiology (H.A.V., P.M., S.M.)
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16
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Wan Sulaiman WA, Inche Mat LN, Hashim HZ, Hoo FK, Ching SM, Vasudevan R, Mohamed MH, Basri H. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in dengue viral infection. J Clin Neurosci 2017. [PMID: 28625589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is the most common arboviral disease affecting many countries worldwide. An RNA virus from the flaviviridae family, dengue has four antigenically distinct serotypes (DEN-1-DEN-4). Neurological involvement in dengue can be classified into dengue encephalopathy immune-mediated syndromes, encephalitis, neuromuscular or dengue muscle dysfunction and neuro-ophthalmic involvement. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune mediated acute demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system following recent infection or vaccination. This monophasic illness is characterised by multifocal white matter involvement. Many dengue studies and case reports have linked ADEM with dengue virus infection but the association is still not clear. Therefore, this article is to review and discuss concerning ADEM in dengue as an immune-medicated neurological complication; and the management strategy required based on recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; Institute of Gerontology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; Institute of Gerontology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasnur Zaman Hashim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; Institute of Gerontology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; Institute of Gerontology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hamidon Basri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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17
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Puccioni-Sohler M, Roveroni N, Rosadas C, Ferry F, Peralta JM, Tanuri A. Dengue infection in the nervous system: lessons learned for Zika and Chikungunya. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2017; 75:123-126. [PMID: 28226083 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20160189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya are emerging arboviruses and important causes of acute febrile disease in tropical areas. Although dengue does not represent a new condition, a geographic expansion over time has occurred with the appearance of severe neurological complications. Neglect has allowed the propagation of the vector (Aedes spp), which is also responsible for the transmission of other infections such as Zika and Chikungunya throughout the world. The increased number of infected individuals has contributed to the rise of neurological manifestations including encephalitis, myelitis, meningitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome and congenital malformations such as microcephaly. In this narrative review, we characterize the impact of the geographic expansion of the vector on the appearance of neurological complications, and highlight the lack of highly accurate laboratory tests for nervous system infections. This represents a challenge for public health in the world, considering the high number of travelers and people living in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Puccioni-Sohler
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Hospital Universitário Gaffree e Guinle, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Faculdade de Medicina, Pós-graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Natalia Roveroni
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Hospital Universitário Gaffree e Guinle, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Carolina Rosadas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Faculdade de Medicina, Pós-graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Fernando Ferry
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Hospital Universitário Gaffree e Guinle, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Jose Mauro Peralta
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
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18
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Fragoso YD, Gomes S, Brooks JBB, Matta APDC, Ruocco HH, Tauil CB, Sousa NADC, Spessotto CV, Grippe T. Guillain-Barré syndrome and dengue fever: report on ten new cases in Brazil. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2016; 74:1039-1040. [DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20160161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Christo PP. Encephalitis by dengue virus and other arboviruses. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2016. [PMID: 26222352 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20150108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Pereira Christo
- Departamento de Neurologia, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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