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Amazonas JC, Poça KSD, da Silva PVB, Schilithz AOC, Siqueira JDDSB, de Aguiar GS, Alves SR, Otero UB, Sarpa M. Evaluation of genotoxic effects in workers and residents of rural areas exposed to pesticides in Brazil. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 898:503795. [PMID: 39147449 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Brazil is one of the world's largest consumers of pesticides. This intense use impacts the environment and exposes a wide range of individuals to pesticides, including rural workers who are occupationally exposed and rural residents who are environmentally exposed. We aimed to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to pesticides on the health of rural workers and rural residents. We conducted an epidemiological study with 104 farmers and 23 rural residents of Casimiro de Abreu (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). A comparison group (urban residents) comprised 103 residents of the urban area of the same city. We determined the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using a modified version of Ellman's method to evaluate exposure. In addition, we performed genotoxic and mutagenic analyses with the comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. There was a reduction in cholinesterase activity, mainly BChE, in rural workers and rural residents compared with urban residents (p = 0.002). There was an increase in genotoxic effects in rural workers compared with urban residents (comet assay, p < 0.001; CBMN assay, p < 0.001). In addition, there was a greater chance of genotoxic changes in rural workers exposed to pesticides based on the comet assay (odds ratio [OR] 7.6, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 6.6-15.9) and the CBMN assay (OR 22.7, 95 % CI 10.3-49.9). We found that individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides are more likely to have genotoxic effects. These findings are useful for the development of programs to monitor populations exposed to genotoxic substances and allow the development of strategies for the prevention, control, and surveillance of effects that result from occupational and environmental exposures to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Costa Amazonas
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ocupacional, Ambiental e Vigilância do Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês de Pombal, 125/Térreo - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Toxicologia, Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ), Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Katia Soares da Poça
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ocupacional, Ambiental e Vigilância do Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês de Pombal, 125/Térreo - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/6º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil
| | - Paula Vieira Baptista da Silva
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ocupacional, Ambiental e Vigilância do Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês de Pombal, 125/Térreo - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil
| | - Arthur Orlando Correa Schilithz
- Divisão de Vigilância e Análise de Situação, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/6ºandar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Santos de Aguiar
- Programa de Saúde do Trabalhador, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio Rabello Alves
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ), Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Ubirani Barros Otero
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/6º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil
| | - Marcia Sarpa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ocupacional, Ambiental e Vigilância do Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês de Pombal, 125/Térreo - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/6º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20230-240, Brazil.
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Ignácio ADC, Guerra AMDR, de Souza-Silva TG, Carmo MAVD, Paula HADA. Effects of glyphosate exposure on intestinal microbiota, metabolism and microstructure: a systematic review. Food Funct 2024; 15:7757-7781. [PMID: 38994673 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most commercialized herbicide in Brazil and worldwide, and this has become a worrying scenario in recent years. In 2015 glyphosate was classified as potentially carcinogenic by the World Health Organization, which opened avenues for numerous debates about its safe use regarding non-target species' health, including humans. This review aimed to observe the impacts of glyphosate and its formulations on the gut microbiota, as well as on the gut microstructure and animal metabolism. A systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA recommendations, and the search for original articles was performed in Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The risk of bias in the studies was assessed using the SYRCLE strategy. Our findings revealed that glyphosate and its formulations are able to induce intestinal dysbiosis by altering bacterial metabolism, intestinal permeability, and mucus secretion, as well as causing damage to the microvilli and the intestinal lumen. Additionally, immunological, enzymatic and genetic changes were also observed in the animal models. At the metabolic level, damage was observed in lipid and energy metabolism, the circulatory system, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and replication, repair, and translation processes. In this context, we pointed out that the studies revealed that these alterations, caused by glyphosate-based herbicides, can lead to intestinal and systemic diseases, such as Crohn's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thaiany Goulart de Souza-Silva
- Institute of Biological Science, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo Vieira do Carmo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, CEP: 37130-001, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Hudsara Aparecida de Almeida Paula
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, CEP: 37130-001, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Doussan I, Barthélémy C, Berny P, Bureau-Point E, Corio-Costet MF, Le Perchec S, Mamy L. Regulatory framework for the assessment of the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity: review of strengths and limits. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:36577-36590. [PMID: 38760600 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The placing of plant protection products (PPPs) on the market in the European Union is governed by numerous regulations. These regulations are among the most stringent in the world, however they have been the subject of criticisms especially because of the decline in biodiversity. The objectives of this work were to review (1) the functioning and actors involved in the PPP framework processes, (2) the construction of the environmental risk assessment focused on biodiversity, and (3) the suggested ways to respond to the identified limits. Both literature from social sciences and ecotoxicology were examined. Despite the protective nature of the European regulation on PPPs, the very imperfect consideration of biodiversity in the evaluation process was underlined. The main limits are the multiplicity of applicable rules, the routinization of the evaluation procedures, the lack of consideration of social data, and the lack of independence of the evaluation. Strengths of the regulation are the decision to integrate a systemic approach in the evaluation of PPPs, the development of modeling tools, and the phytopharmacovigilance systems. The avenues for improvement concern the realism of the risk assessment (species used, cocktail effects…), a greater transparency and independence in the conduct of evaluations, and the opening of the evaluation and decision-making processes to actors such as beekeepers or NGOs. Truly interdisciplinary reflections crossing the functioning of the living world, its alteration by PPPs, and how these elements question the users of PPPs would allow to specify social actions, public policies, and their regulation to better protect biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Doussan
- GREDEG, CNRS, INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, 06560, France
| | | | - Philippe Berny
- UR ICE Vetagro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, 69670, Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Eve Bureau-Point
- Centre Norbert Elias, UMR 8562, CNRS, UAPV, 13002, Marseille, AMU, France
| | | | | | - Laure Mamy
- AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
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Neves AP, Rosa ACS, Larentis AL, da Silva Rodrigues Vidal PJ, Gonçalves ES, da Silveira GR, Dos Santos MVC, de Carvalho LVB, Alves SR. Urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites in the assessment of exposure to organophosphate pesticides: from 2000 to 2022. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 196:10. [PMID: 38049584 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The general population and workers are exposed to organophosphate insecticides, one of the leading chemical classes of pesticides used in rural and urban areas, in the control of arboviruses and agriculture. These pesticides cause environmental/occupational exposure and associated risks to human and environmental health. The objective of this study was to carry out an integrative review of epidemiological studies that identified and quantified dialkylphosphate metabolites in the urine of exposed populations, focusing on the vector control workers, discussing the application and the results found. Searches utilized the Pubmed, Scielo, and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) databases between 2000 and 2021. From the 194 selected studies, 75 (39%) were with children/adolescents, 48 (24%) with rural workers, 36 (19%) with the general population, 27 (14%) with pregnant women, and 9 (4%) with vector control workers. The total dialkylphosphate concentrations found in the occupationally exposed population were higher than in the general population. Studies demonstrate that dialkylphosphates are sensitive and representative exposure biomarkers for environmental and occupational organophosphate exposure. The work revealed a lack of studies with vector control workers and a lack of studies in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Neves
- Public Health and Environment Postgraduation Program (PSPMA), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana (CESTEH) - Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, nº. 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brasil.
| | - Ana Cristina Simões Rosa
- Toxicology Laboratory, Center for the Study of Workers' Health and Human Ecology (CESTEH), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ariane Leites Larentis
- Toxicology Laboratory, Center for the Study of Workers' Health and Human Ecology (CESTEH), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila Jeronimo da Silva Rodrigues Vidal
- Public Health and Environment Postgraduation Program (PSPMA), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eline Simões Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigues da Silveira
- Public Health and Environment Postgraduation Program (PSPMA), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Corrêa Dos Santos
- Public Health and Environment Postgraduation Program (PSPMA), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Vargas Barreto de Carvalho
- Toxicology Laboratory, Center for the Study of Workers' Health and Human Ecology (CESTEH), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio Rabello Alves
- Toxicology Laboratory, Center for the Study of Workers' Health and Human Ecology (CESTEH), Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Department of Health (FIOCRUZ-MS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- General Superintendence of Technical and Scientific Police/Department of Civilian Police of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ferreira LMN, Hrncir M, de Almeida DV, Bernardes RC, Lima MAP. Effects of acephate and glyphosate-based agrochemicals on the survival and flight of Plebeia lucii Moure, 2004 (Apidae: Meliponini). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:926-936. [PMID: 37728837 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The conservation of terrestrial ecosystems depends largely on the preservation of pollinators, mainly bees. Stingless bees are among the main pollinators of native plants and crops in tropical regions, where they can be exposed to agrochemicals while foraging on contaminated flowers. In the present study, we investigated the effects on stingless bees of both a commonly used insecticide and herbicide in Brazil. Plebeia lucii Moure, 2004 (Apidae: Meliponini) foragers were orally chronically exposed to food contaminated with different concentrations of commercial formulations of the insecticide acephate or the herbicide glyphosate. Bee mortality increased with increasing agrochemical concentrations. Depending on its concentration, the acephate-based formulation reduced the lifespan and impaired the flight ability of bees. The glyphosate-based formulation was toxic only under unrealistic concentrations. Our results demonstrate that realistic concentrations of acephate-based insecticides harm the survival and alter the mobility of stingless bees. The ingestion of glyphosate-based herbicides was safe for forager bees under realistic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Maria Negrini Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Entomologia, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Michael Hrncir
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Vieira de Almeida
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Agronomia, Curso de Graduação em Agronomia, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Silverio AM, Cunha MCC, Almeida MVG. The health Care Management of farmers who use pesticides in Northeast Brazil: use of pesticides and the Care Management. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:782. [PMID: 37480039 PMCID: PMC10362731 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, the health of communities that use pesticides is still neglected due to the lack of greater social understanding of damage to health and an insufficient care network. The objective of the research was to investigate health management practices, from the perspective of the expanded health care network (RAS), focusing on riverside farmers who use pesticides in the municipalities of Petrolina (PE) and Juazeiro (BA) in the Northeast of Brazil. The study aimed to explore these practices from the perspective of the healthcare network (RAS). This is a qualitative research, with a methodological framework based on the Grounded Theory in a constructivist way (CGT). Twenty-six health professionals and RAS managers participated, at the municipal and regional levels in Petrolina (PE) and Juazeiro (BA). Two sample groups were composed for data collection, carried out through semi-structured interviews. The analysis resulted in six categories, which, when integrated, made up the theoretical model "Model of care management for riverside farmers". The RAS must have teams trained in the care of riverside farmers who use pesticides in primary care, and specialized teams in secondary and tertiary care, who are a reference. The theoretical model formulated considers that the RAS, strengthened in terms of diversity of actions and services, will provide better care management for farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Merino Silverio
- Graduate Program in Human Ecology and Socioenvironmental Management, State University of Bahia CAMPUS III: DTCS - Campus III, Av. Edgard Chastinet Guimarães, s/n, São Geraldo, Juazeiro, Bahia, 48.904-711, Brazil.
| | - Maristela Casé Costa Cunha
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bahia CAMPUS VIII, R. da Gangorra, 503, Gen. Dutra, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, 48608-240, Brazil
| | - Márlon Vinícius Gama Almeida
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Vale do São Francisco (Univasf), Rua Aurora, s/n, Gen. Dutra, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, 48605-560, Brazil
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Bitencourt de Morais Valentim JM, Fagundes TR, Okamoto Ferreira M, Lonardoni Micheletti P, Broto Oliveira GE, Cremer Souza M, Geovana Leite Vacario B, da Silva JC, Scandolara TB, Gaboardi SC, Zanetti Pessoa Candiotto L, Mara Serpeloni J, Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva F, Panis C. Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1130893. [PMID: 36908412 PMCID: PMC9992878 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1130893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk. Methods Analyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for Control of Waste and Contaminants (PNCRC). Results and discussion First, we characterized the main pesticide residues detected over the maximum limits allowed by legislation or those prohibited for use in food samples analyzed across the country. Based on this list, we estimated the dietary cancer risks for some of the selected pesticides. Finally, we searched for data about dietary cancer risks and carcinogenic mechanisms of each pesticide. We also provided a critical analysis concerning the pesticide scenario in Brazil, aiming to discuss the food contamination levels observed from a geographical, political, and public health perspective. Exposures to pesticides in Brazil violate a range of human rights when food and water for human consumption are contaminated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiane Renata Fagundes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho, Brazil
| | - Mariane Okamoto Ferreira
- Center of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Blumenau, Brazil
| | | | | | - Milena Cremer Souza
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Shaiane Carla Gaboardi
- Center of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Blumenau, Brazil
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Blumenau, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
- Center of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Blumenau, Brazil
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Song J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang S, Lei T, Liang Y, Dai Q, Huo Z, Xu K, Chen S. Prevalence of Carbendazin Resistance in Field Populations of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens from Jiangsu, China, Molecular Mechanisms, and Fitness Stability. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121311. [PMID: 36547644 PMCID: PMC9783980 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice false smut (RFS), caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, is an important fungal disease of rice. In China, Methyl Benzimidazole Carbamates (MBCs), including carbendazim, are common fungicides used to control RFS and other rice diseases. In this study, resistance of U. virens to carbendazim was monitored for three consecutive years during 2018 to 2020. A total of 321 U. virens isolates collected from Jiangsu Province of China were tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim on PSA. The concentration at which mycelial growth is inhibited by 50% (EC50) of the carbendazim-sensitive isolates was 0.11 to 1.38 µg/mL, with a mean EC50 value of 0.66 μg/mL. High level of resistance to carbendazim was detected in 14 out of 321 isolates. The resistance was stable but associated with a fitness penalty. There was a statistically significant and moderate negative correlation (r= −0.74, p < 0.001) in sensitivity between carbendazim and diethofencarb. Analysis of the U. virens genome revealed two potential MBC targets, Uvβ1Tub and Uvβ2Tub, that putatively encode β-tubulin gene. The two β-tubulin genes in U. virens share 78% amino acid sequence identity, but their function in MBC sensitivity has been unclear. Both genes were identified and sequenced from U. virens sensitive and resistant isolates. It is known that mutations in the β2-tubulin gene have been shown to confer resistance to carbendazim in other fungi. However, no mutation was found in the Uvβ2Tub gene in either resistant or sensitive isolates. Variations including point mutations, non-sense mutations, codon mutations, and frameshift mutations were found in the Uvβ1Tub gene from the 14 carbendazim-resistant isolates, which have not been reported in other fungi before. Thus, these results indicated that variations of Uvβ1Tub result in the resistance to carbendazim in field isolates of Ustilaginoidea virens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehui Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Sijie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tengyu Lei
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - You Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qigen Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhongyang Huo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology & Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (K.X.); (S.C.)
| | - Shuning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (K.X.); (S.C.)
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Silva Ribeiro D, Vilela Corrêa F, Rafanele França Pinto P, Thebaldi MS, Ponciano De Deus F, Valentim Diotto A. Modeling and simulation of trifluralin herbicide movement due to its application on soils by chemigation. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ENGENHARIA DE BIOSSISTEMAS 2022. [DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Trifluralin (TFN) is a pre-emergent herbicide which is widely used in agriculture. Usually, this pesticide is directly applied to the soil, where it can remain for long periods or can be transported. In this sense, knowing the dynamics of an herbicide soil transport is essential to avoid environmental contamination problems and risks to human health. Thus, this study aims to model and simulate TFN movement on soils with two different textures, a sandy loam and clay loam soil. It was considered that the herbicide was applied via chemigation trough a subsurface drip irrigation system, under a non-steady regime. Therefore, the transport parameters of TFN in these soils and physical-hydric characteristics of these were used, while the physical environment modeling were conducted using the Hydrus 2D software. The results showed that both in sandy and clayey soils, the TFN tends to be retained by the soil, close to where it was applied, not exceeding a layer greater than 2.5 mm outside the dripper radius, even in more favorable conditions such as the presence of irrigation. Finally, it could be concluded that this herbicide movement in the soil is of low potential, due to this product high solid-liquid partition coefficient (Kd), even in sandy soil, which has low cation exchange capacity (CEC).
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10
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Scandolara TB, Valle SF, Esteves C, Scherer NDM, de Armas EM, Furtado C, Gomes R, Boroni M, Jaques HDS, Alves FM, Rech D, Panis C, Bonvicino CR. Somatic DNA Damage Response and Homologous Repair Gene Alterations and Its Association With Tumor Variant Burden in Breast Cancer Patients With Occupational Exposure to Pesticides. Front Oncol 2022; 12:904813. [PMID: 35875117 PMCID: PMC9305859 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination is a crucial pathway that is specialized in repairing double-strand breaks; thus, alterations in genes of this pathway may lead to loss of genomic stability and cell growth suppression. Pesticide exposure potentially increases cancer risk through several mechanisms, such as the genotoxicity caused by chronic exposure, leading to gene alteration. To analyze this hypothesis, we investigated if breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides present a different mutational pattern in genes related to homologous recombination (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and RAD51D) and damage-response (TP53) concerning unexposed patients. We performed multiplex PCR-based assays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of all coding regions and flanking splicing sites of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, and RAD51D in 158 unpaired tumor samples from breast cancer patients on MiSeq (Illumina) platform. We found that exposed patients had tumors with more pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants than unexposed patients (p = 0.017). In general, tumors that harbored a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant had a higher mutational burden (p < 0.001). We also observed that breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides had a higher mutational burden when diagnosed before 50 years old (p = 0.00978) and/or when carrying BRCA1 (p = 0.0138), BRCA2 (p = 0.0366), and/or PALB2 (p = 0.00058) variants, a result not found in the unexposed group. Our results show that pesticide exposure impacts the tumor mutational landscape and could be associated with the carcinogenesis process, therapy response, and disease progression. Further studies should increase the observation period in exposed patients to better evaluate the impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Basso Scandolara
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara Ferreira Valle
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Esteves
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicole de Miranda Scherer
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvismary Molina de Armas
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Informatics, Pontificia Universidade Católica (PUC)-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Furtado
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renan Gomes
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Fernandes CLF, Cardoso RMS, da Silva Júnior FMR. Walking backwards into the future: Setbacks of Brazil's pesticides bill. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2022; 18:1114-1116. [PMID: 35765895 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L F Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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12
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Lopes-Ferreira M, Maleski ALA, Balan-Lima L, Bernardo JTG, Hipolito LM, Seni-Silva AC, Batista-Filho J, Falcao MAP, Lima C. Impact of Pesticides on Human Health in the Last Six Years in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063198. [PMID: 35328887 PMCID: PMC8951416 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Every year, Brazil intensifies its activity in agriculture and, as a result, it has become one of the biggest consumers of pesticides in the world. The high rate of these substances raises environmental and human health concerns. Therefore, we collected papers from PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science databases, from 2015 to 2021. After a blind selection using the software Rayyan QCRI by two authors, 51 studies were included. Researchers from the South and the Southeast Brazilian regions contributed to most publications, from areas that concentrate agricultural commodity complexes. Among the pesticides described in the studies, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides were the most frequent. The articles reported multiple toxic effects, particularly in rural workers. The results obtained can be used to direct policies to reduce the use of pesticides, and to protect the health of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lopes-Ferreira
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Adolfo Luis Almeida Maleski
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
- Post-Graduation Program of Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Leticia Balan-Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Jefferson Thiago Gonçalves Bernardo
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Lucas Marques Hipolito
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Ana Carolina Seni-Silva
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
- Post-Graduation Program of Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Joao Batista-Filho
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
- Post-Graduation Program of Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Pimentel Falcao
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Carla Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantan, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil; (A.L.A.M.); (L.B.-L.); (J.T.G.B.); (L.M.H.); (A.C.S.-S.); (J.B.-F.); (M.A.P.F.); (C.L.)
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13
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Panis C, Kawassaki ACB, Crestani APJ, Pascotto CR, Bortoloti DS, Vicentini GE, Lucio LC, Ferreira MO, Prates RTC, Vieira VK, Gaboardi SC, Candiotto LZP. Evidence on Human Exposure to Pesticides and the Occurrence of Health Hazards in the Brazilian Population: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2022; 9:787438. [PMID: 35071167 PMCID: PMC8777228 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.787438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is among the biggest pesticide consumers in the world, with its population severely exposed to tons of such substances, both because of environmental contamination and occupational use. The health consequences of pesticide exposure are well-documented, but still sparse regarding Brazilian population. This study systematically reviewed the Brazilian studies published that address the relationship between exposure to pesticides and health problems in the Brazilian population. Also, information about pesticide use in Brazil is provided. The included studies showed that exposure to pesticides has a relevant impact on the health of the Brazilian population, regardless of age and gender, and on workers in rural areas or not. Most poisoning events seem to result from the continuous use of pesticides, whether occupationally or environmentally, characterizing a public health problem. The major consequences reported in literature were damage to the central nervous system, cancer, deleterious effects on rural workers' health, intoxications, malformations, and endocrine changes. These findings point out the need to understand the impact of chronic exposure to pesticides on severely exposed people and highlight the importance of creating public policies to protect them and avoid disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Panis
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Aedra Carla Bufalo Kawassaki
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Jaqueline Crestani
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Claudiceia Risso Pascotto
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Durcelina Schiavoni Bortoloti
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Emílio Vicentini
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Léia Carolina Lucio
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Mariane Okamoto Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Rosebel Trindade Cunha Prates
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Kulig Vieira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Shaiane Carla Gaboardi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (Unioeste), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Luciano Zanetti Pessoa Candiotto
- Grupo de Estudos Avançados em Ciências da Saúde (GEACS), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (Unioeste), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
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14
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Fenner ALD, Almeida VESD, Friedrich K, Milhomem APAS. Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis (TSS) no Distrito Federal: agroecologia e impacto dos agrotóxicos. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042022e217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O modelo agrícola predominante no Brasil apresenta disparidades sociais, econômicas e ambientais acentuadas. Tal cenário consiste em um grande desafio para o avanço da agroecologia, um dos caminhos apontados pelas Nações Unidas para o alcance dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) e o desenvolvimento territorial de forma sustentável. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os limites e os desafios na implantação de estratégias territoriais sob a ótica dos Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis (TSS), tendo como eixo estruturante a controvérsia agroecologia x agrotóxicos. O artigo enfoca sua análise na Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento do Distrito Federal e Entorno (Ride-DF), na forma de pesquisa do tipo prospectiva, com revisão de literatura e recolha documental pertinente. Conclui-se que, a despeito do seu potencial, são escassas as informações sobre a temática, especialmente na efetividade e eficácia da estratégia de implantação dos TSS e o uso da agroecologia como suporte. O estudo depreende ainda que há a necessidade de aprofundar a realização de novas pesquisas e a construção de estratégia de intervenção territorial sob a ótica dos TSS.
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15
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Sarpa M, Friedrich K. Exposição a agrotóxicos e desenvolvimento de câncer no contexto da saúde coletiva: o papel da agroecologia como suporte às políticas públicas de prevenção do câncer. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042022e227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Atualmente, a agricultura brasileira é caracterizada pelo crescente consumo de agrotóxicos e fertilizantes químicos, inserindo-se no modelo de produção baseado nos fundamentos do agronegócio. As novas técnicas de cultivo baseadas no agronegócio resultaram na expansão das monoculturas sobre os ecossistemas naturais, com o consequente desmatamento, desequilíbrio e perda da biodiversidade; e o aumento da contaminação do solo, da água e do ar pelos agrotóxicos. No que tange à saúde humana, a literatura científica tem demonstrado que a contaminação química decorrente do uso de agrotóxicos na agricultura implica adoecimento dos trabalhadores rurais expostos ocupacionalmente aos agrotóxicos, dos moradores da área rural, além de consumidores de alimentos contendo resíduos de agrotóxicos. Entre os efeitos sobre a saúde humana associados à exposição a agrotóxicos, os mais preocupantes são as intoxicações crônicas, caracterizadas por infertilidade, abortos, malformações congênitas, neurotoxicidade, desregulação hormonal, imunotoxicidade, genotoxicidade e câncer. Sendo assim, neste ensaio, apresenta-se uma revisão narrativa com dados presentes na literatura científica nacional e internacional referentes à associação entre a exposição a agrotóxicos e o desenvolvimento de câncer no contexto da saúde coletiva e o papel da alimentação saudável e da agroecologia como suporte às políticas públicas de prevenção do câncer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Sarpa
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (Inca), Brasil
| | - Karen Friedrich
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca (Ensp), Brasil
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Lima FANDSE, Corrêa MLM, Gugelmin SA. Territórios indígenas e determinação socioambiental da saúde: discutindo exposições por agrotóxicos. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042022e202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO As etapas que envolvem a cadeia produtiva de commodities agrícolas produzem possibilidades diferenciadas de vulnerabilidade nas populações, afetando a situação de saúde dos povos indígenas. O uso de agrotóxicos é uma atividade intrínseca aos monocultivos. A exposição a essas substâncias gera desfechos negativos agudos e crônicos na saúde humana e contaminação no ambiente. De modo a contribuir com o debate no campo da Saúde Coletiva, o texto direciona as discussões ao estado de Mato Grosso, onde estão vários povos indígenas, enfrentando a produção de commodities e desfechos em saúde relacionados com os agrotóxicos. Para isso, recorremos à determinação socioambiental do processo saúde-doença, organizando uma matriz de indicadores que enfatizam as escolhas e as omissões do Estado nas questões ambientais, incorporando historicidade nos processos de adoecimento. Os impactos da cadeia de commodities agrícolas e as exposições por agrotóxicos em territórios indígenas são um problema intersetorial que se vincula a violação de direitos humanos, direito à terra, à saúde e à segurança alimentar e nutricional. As respostas devem ser consideradas em uma perspectiva articulada entre os setores econômico, político, ambiental e da saúde, com participação e decisão da população indígena nas etapas dos processos.
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17
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Souto AL, Sylvestre M, Tölke ED, Tavares JF, Barbosa-Filho JM, Cebrián-Torrejón G. Plant-Derived Pesticides as an Alternative to Pest Management and Sustainable Agricultural Production: Prospects, Applications and Challenges. Molecules 2021; 26:4835. [PMID: 34443421 PMCID: PMC8400533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pests and diseases are responsible for most of the losses related to agricultural crops, either in the field or in storage. Moreover, due to indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides over the years, several issues have come along, such as pest resistance and contamination of important planet sources, such as water, air and soil. Therefore, in order to improve efficiency of crop production and reduce food crisis in a sustainable manner, while preserving consumer's health, plant-derived pesticides may be a green alternative to synthetic ones. They are cheap, biodegradable, ecofriendly and act by several mechanisms of action in a more specific way, suggesting that they are less of a hazard to humans and the environment. Natural plant products with bioactivity toward insects include several classes of molecules, for example: terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, cyanogenic glucosides, quinones, amides, aldehydes, thiophenes, amino acids, saccharides and polyketides (which is not an exhaustive list of insecticidal substances). In general, those compounds have important ecological activities in nature, such as: antifeedant, attractant, nematicide, fungicide, repellent, insecticide, insect growth regulator and allelopathic agents, acting as a promising source for novel pest control agents or biopesticides. However, several factors appear to limit their commercialization. In this critical review, a compilation of plant-derived metabolites, along with their corresponding toxicology and mechanisms of action, will be approached, as well as the different strategies developed in order to meet the required commercial standards through more efficient methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Lopes Souto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.F.T.); (J.M.B.-F.)
| | - Muriel Sylvestre
- COVACHIM-M2E Laboratory EA 3592, Department of Chemistry, Fouillole Campus, University of the French West Indies, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, CEDEX, 97157 Pointe-à-Pitre, France;
| | - Elisabeth Dantas Tölke
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;
| | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.F.T.); (J.M.B.-F.)
| | - José Maria Barbosa-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.F.T.); (J.M.B.-F.)
| | - Gerardo Cebrián-Torrejón
- COVACHIM-M2E Laboratory EA 3592, Department of Chemistry, Fouillole Campus, University of the French West Indies, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, CEDEX, 97157 Pointe-à-Pitre, France;
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