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Balasubramani V, Nagarajan KJ, Karthic M, Pandiyarajan R. Extraction of lignocellulosic fiber and cellulose microfibrils from agro waste-palmyra fruit peduncle: Water retting, chlorine-free chemical treatments, physio-chemical, morphological, and thermal characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129273. [PMID: 38211922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, lignocellulosic fibers and cellulose microfibrils (CMFs) were extracted from palmyra fruit peduncle waste and investigated as naturally derived cellulosic materials for their potential use as reinforcement materials in composite applications. The physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the extracted fiber were studied. Physical and morphological analysis results revealed an extracted fiber diameter of 82.5 μm with a very rough surface, providing excellent interfacial bonding performance with the polymer matrix. Chemical, mechanical, and thermal results showed that the fibers consist mainly of cellulose as their crystallized phase, with a cellulose content of 56.5 wt% and a tensile strength of 693.3 MPa, along with thermal stability up to 252 °C. The chemically extracted CMFs exhibit a short, rough-surfaced, cylindrical cellulose structure with a diameter range of 10-15 μm. These CMFs demonstrate excellent thermal stability, withstanding temperatures up to 330 °C. Furthermore, the formation of CMFs is evident from a substantial increase in the crystallinity index, which increased from 58.2 % in the raw fibers to 78.2 % in the CMFs. FT-IR analysis further confirms the successful removal of non-cellulosic materials through chlorine-free chemical treatments. These findings strongly support the potential use of extracted fibers and CMFs as reinforcement materials in polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Balasubramani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, -625015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K J Nagarajan
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, -625015, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Karthic
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, -625015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Pandiyarajan
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai 600 130, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Abzan N, Abbasian A, Jonoobi M, Ghasemi I. Cellulose microfiber extraction from leftover celery pulp: Chemomechanical treatments, structural, morphological, and thermal characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126834. [PMID: 37714240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Based on the variety of attractive applicability and structural advantages, cellulose is suggested as a sustainable and environmentally-friendly replacement for petroleum-based materials. Therefore, the current study proposed two chemo-mechanical treatments including bleaching with sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite for pure cellulose extraction from leftover celery pulp (Apium graveolens var. dulce). The characterizations of the extracted cellulose fibers were measured and analyzed, by using FT-IR, XRD, optical microscopy, FE-SEM, and TGA analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful removal of non-cellulosic and impurities materials by chemical treatments. Analyzing the X-ray diffraction showed that the proposed chemo-mechanical procedures did not have damaging impacts on the cellulose crystalline structure. Microscopies analysis within optical microscopy and FE-SEM indicated that the diameters of the untreated fibers generally ranged from 100 to 150 μm, while for the treated ones, they ranged from 10 to 15 μm. The TGA results illustrated the higher initial degradation temperatures for the treated samples which led to significant improvement in their thermal stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Abzan
- Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran.
| | - Ali Abbasian
- Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Jonoobi
- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ismaeil Ghasemi
- Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Iran.
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Rodriguez-Quiroz ES, Olivares-Xometl O, Santacruz-Vázquez V, Santacruz-Vázquez C, Arellanes-Lozada P, Rubio-Rosas E. Production of Cellulosic Microfibers from Coffee Pulp via Alkaline Treatment, Bleaching and Acid Hydrolysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7607. [PMID: 38138748 PMCID: PMC10744440 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The present work deals with the production of cellulosic microfibers (CMFs) from coffee pulp. The experimental development corresponds to an experimental design of three variables (concentration, temperature and time) of alkaline treatment for delignification, finding that concentration, temperature and time were the most representative variables. Higher delignification was achieved by bleaching cellulosic fibers, followed by acid hydrolysis, thus producing cellulosic fibers with an average diameter of 5.2 µm, which was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed, via the crystallinity index, the presence of Type I cellulose and removal of lignocellulosic compounds through chemical treatments. The proximate chemical analysis (PChA) of coffee pulp helped to identify 17% of the crude fiber corresponding to the plant cell wall consisting of lignocellulosic compounds. The initial cellulose content of 26.06% increased gradually to 48.74% with the alkaline treatment, to 57.5% with bleaching, and to 64.7% with acid hydrolysis. These results attested to the rich cellulosic content in the coffee pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliud S. Rodriguez-Quiroz
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 sur, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (E.S.R.-Q.); (O.O.-X.); (V.S.-V.)
| | - Octavio Olivares-Xometl
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 sur, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (E.S.R.-Q.); (O.O.-X.); (V.S.-V.)
| | - Verónica Santacruz-Vázquez
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 sur, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (E.S.R.-Q.); (O.O.-X.); (V.S.-V.)
| | - Claudia Santacruz-Vázquez
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 sur, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (E.S.R.-Q.); (O.O.-X.); (V.S.-V.)
| | - Paulina Arellanes-Lozada
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 sur, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (E.S.R.-Q.); (O.O.-X.); (V.S.-V.)
| | - Efraín Rubio-Rosas
- Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Prol. 24 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla 72570, Mexico;
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Jyoti, Dwivedi P, Negi P, Chauhan R, Gosavi SW, Mishra BB. Alkaline hydrolysis of spent aromatic biomass for production of phenolic aldehydes, lignin, and cellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129659. [PMID: 37573982 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to combat the environmental issues associated with the burning of spent aromatic biomass (SAB), a method for alkaline hydrolysis of SAB has been developed to afford phenolic acids, predominantly the p-coumaric acid, lignin, and cellulose. Lignin (∼15 wt%) from alkaline hydrolysate was separated by precipitation while a mixture of phenolic acids obtained was directly reacted with a green reagent, PhI(OAc)2, under one-pot condition to afford a mixture of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (>90 wt%) and vanillin (<10 wt%). Unreacted biomass obtained in the process was successfully used as a substrate for the production of cellulose (∼40 wt%). The developed method exhibits potential for application on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali140306, Punjab, India; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Pratibha Dwivedi
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali140306, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Negi
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali140306, Punjab, India; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ratna Chauhan
- Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Suresh W Gosavi
- Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Bhuwan B Mishra
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali140306, Punjab, India.
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Rodrigues TL, Pedroso PDC, de Freitas JHC, Carvalho ACP, Flores WH, Morais MM, da Rosa GS, de Almeida ARF. Obtaining of a rich-cellulose material from black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) bark residues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:113055-113067. [PMID: 37848795 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) barks are residues produced by tannin industries in huge quantities, which are normally discharged on environmental or used for energy production. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of black wattle bark residues as a raw material on obtaining of a rich-cellulose material by alkaline (MET1), acetosolv (MET2), and organosolv (MET3) procedures. The results obtained indicated that the alkaline methodology, followed by a bleaching step (MET1), promoted klason lignin and hemicellulose removals more efficiently. It was possible to observe that better results were achieved using NaOH concentration of 6% (wt%), at 65 °C for 2.5 h, presenting a yield of 63.24 ± 1.25%, and a reduction on klason lignin content of almost 90.45%. Regarding the bleaching step, it was possible to obtain a material free of non-cellulosic compounds with a yield of 78.28 ± 1.48%. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated the removal of lignin and hemicellulose as well as an increase in cellulose degradation temperature, due to changes in crystalline phases. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD), the procedures employed have led to an increase in crystallinity from 66.27 to 91.78% due to the removal of non-cellulosic compounds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed morphological alterations in accordance with the removal of non-cellulosic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Longaray Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé, RS, 96413-172, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wladimir Hernández Flores
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé, RS, 96413-172, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Silveira da Rosa
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé, RS, 96413-172, Brazil
- Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé, RS, 96413-172, Brazil
| | - André Ricardo Felkl de Almeida
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé, RS, 96413-172, Brazil.
- Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé, RS, 96413-172, Brazil.
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Thandavamoorthy R, Devarajan Y, Thanappan S. Analysis of the characterization of NaOH-treated natural cellulose fibre extracted from banyan aerial roots. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12579. [PMID: 37537228 PMCID: PMC10400698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural fibre is renewable and extensively utilized for structural and medicinal applications. The current research concentrates on surface modification for fibre enhancement using an alkaline treatment technique to extract raw fibre from banyan (Ficus benghalensis) aerial root bark. Using a 10% NaOH solution, attempts have been made to improve the crystalline, surface, thermal, physical, and chemical properties of banyan aerial root fibre (BAF). Five samples of BAF were produced by soaking the unprocessed fibre in an alkaline solution for variable amounts of time. On the surface of the treated BAF, a higher concentration of cellulose could be seen. The X-Ray Diffraction test revealed that the crystallinity index improved by 52%, with a crystalline dimension of 51.2 nm. It was observed that the crystalline content is increased in treated Banyan aerial root fiber due to this alkali treatment. The significance of natural fibre characterization is also briefly discussed, and this summary will serve as a resource for future studies on natural fibre composites by other researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Thandavamoorthy
- Material Science Lab, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Yuvarajan Devarajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Subash Thanappan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
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Dumkor T, Poompradub S. Microcrystalline cellulose from Para rubber leaves as an additive for superabsorbent polymers. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123556. [PMID: 36746303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study prepared microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from the Para rubber leaves (RL) via mechanical and chemical treatments in order to reduce the amount of waste RL by making it a value added product. The obtained MCC had a cellulose content of 61 % with a high crystallinity index of 67.35 %. The MCC-graft-polyacrylate (MCC-g-PA) was then prepared using N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) at 0.05 wt% of acrylic acid via radical polymerization, and was then used as an additive in PA superabsorbent polymers (SAP). The presence of 0.05 g MCC-g-PA in PA (0.1 g) was found to exhibit a 1.17-fold greater water absorbency than the neat PA SAP, which was due to the increased level of hydroxyl and carboxylate groups from the added MCC-g-PA. The MCC-g-PA/PA SAP exhibited a similar reusability to the commercial SAP and could be degraded via cellulase and laccase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipapan Dumkor
- Program in Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirilux Poompradub
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Green Materials for Industrial Application, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Cellulosic Fiber Waste Feedstock for Bioethanol Production via Bioreactor-Dependent Fermentation. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The bioconversion of environmental wastes into energy is gaining much interest in most developing and developed countries. The current study is concerned with the proper exploitation of some industrial wastes. Cellulosic fiber waste was selected as a raw material for producing bioethanol as an alternative energy source. A combination of physical, chemical, and enzymatic hydrolysis treatments was applied to maximize the concentration of glucose that could be fermented with yeast into bioethanol. The results showed that the maximum production of 13.9 mg/mL of glucose was achieved when 5% cellulosic fiber waste was treated with 40% HCl, autoclaved, and followed with enzymatic hydrolysis. Using SEM and FTIR analysis, the instrumental characterization of the waste fiber treatment confirmed the effectiveness of the degradation by turning the long threads of the fibers into small pieces, in addition to the appearance of new functional groups and peak shifting. A potent yeast strain isolated from rotten grapes was identified as Starmerella bacillaris STDF-G4 (accession number OP872748), which was used to ferment the obtained glucose units into bioethanol under optimized conditions. The maximum production of 3.16 mg/mL of bioethanol was recorded when 7% of the yeast strain was anaerobically incubated at 30 °C in a broth culture with the pH adjusted to 5. The optimized conditions were scaled up from flasks to a fermentation bioreactor to maximize the bioethanol concentration. The obtained data showed the ability of the yeast strain to produce 4.13 mg/mL of bioethanol after the first 6 h of incubation and double the amount after 36 h of incubation to reach 8.6 mg/mL, indicating the efficiency of the bioreactor in reducing the time and significantly increasing the product.
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Amior A, Satha H, Laoutid F, Toncheva A, Dubois P. Natural Cellulose from Ziziphus jujuba Fibers: Extraction and Characterization. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:385. [PMID: 36614725 PMCID: PMC9821990 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, due to their natural availability, renewability, biodegradability, nontoxicity, light weight and relatively low cost, natural fibers, especially lignocellulosic fibers, present attractive potential to substitute non-eco-friendly synthetic fibers. In this study, Ziziphus jujuba fibers were used, thanks to their low lignin content, as an alternative of renewable resource for the production of cellulosic fibers with suitable characteristics and minimal time and energy consumption. In fact, due to their valuable chemical composition, it was possible to remove the amorphous fractions and impurities from the fiber surface by applying ultrasounds coupled with alkaline treatment (80 °C, 5 wt.% NaOH), followed by a bleaching step. The efficient dissolution of the noncellulosic compounds was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The resulted increase in the crystallinity index (from 35.7% to 57.5%), occurred without impacting the crystalline structure of the fibers. The morphological analysis of the fibers evidences the higher surface area of the obtained fibers. Based on the obtained results, Ziziphus jujuba fibers were found to present a suitable sustainable source for the production of cellulosic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Amior
- Laboratoire LSPN, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, Guelma 24000, Algeria
| | - Hamid Satha
- Laboratoire LSPN, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, Guelma 24000, Algeria
| | - Fouad Laoutid
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Materia Nova Materials R&D Center & UMons Innovation Center, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Antoniya Toncheva
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Materia Nova Materials R&D Center & UMons Innovation Center, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Materia Nova Materials R&D Center & UMons Innovation Center, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Song M, Yang SC. Investigation of Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Properties in Binderless Cellulose/Ni Laminates for Magnetoelectric Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245347. [PMID: 36559712 PMCID: PMC9784961 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to reported polymer-based magnetoelectric (ME) laminates, which generate voltage via an external magnetic field, a binder is indispensable for the adhesion between phases. However, if the binder is excluded, the ME response is expected to improve via efficient strain transfer from the magnetostrictive phase to the piezoelectric phase. Nevertheless, an understanding of the binderless state has not yet been addressed in polymer-based ME laminates. In this study, cellulose/Ni (CN) laminates were designed to obtain binderless polymer-based ME laminates. The surface properties of Ni foil desirable for the anchoring effect and the electrostatic interactions required for binderless states were determined via heat treatment of the Ni substrate. Moreover, to confirm the potential of the binderless laminate in ME applications, the ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties of the CN laminates were recorded. Consequently, the CN laminates exhibited remnant and saturation magnetizations of 29.5 emu/g and 55.2 emu/g, respectively. Furthermore, the significantly increased remnant and saturation polarization of the CN laminates were determined to be 1.86 µC/cm2 and 0.378 µC/cm2, an increase of approximately 35-fold and 5.56-fold, respectively, compared with a neat cellulose film. The results indicate that multiferroic binderless CN laminates are excellent candidates for high-response ME applications.
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Oh S, Yu H, Han Y, Jeong HS, Hong HJ. 3-D porous cellulose nanofibril aerogels with a controllable copper nanoparticle loading as a highly efficient non-noble-metal catalyst for 4-nitrophenol reduction. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134518. [PMID: 35395257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrophenols(NPs) are highly toxic compounds that occur in various industrial effluents. Herein, we investigated Cu nanoparticle-loaded cellulose nanofibril (CNF/PEI-Cu) aerogels as a catalyst for degrading 4-nitrophenol (4NP) in the wastewater. Non-noble metal based low-cost catalyst material and easily scalable preparation method make CNF/PEI-Cu aerogel as an appropriate catalyst for practical application in 4NP wastewater treatment. Our strategy to improve the loading amount of homogeneously distributed Cu nanoparticles was to functionalize a CNF aerogel using polyethylene imine (PEI), which can bind Cu2+ ions. Porous CNF aerogels with homogenously distributed 20-40 nm Cu nanoparticles were obtained by adsorbing Cu2+ ions and chemically reducing them to Cu metal. The FTIR, XRD, SEM, XPS and ICP-OES analysis were used to confirm the in-situ formation of Cu nanoparticles. In the presence of the CNF/PEI-Cu aerogels, 4NP was effectively reduced to 4-aminophenol (4AP) without loss of the Cu nanoparticles. The activation energy (Ea) and reaction rate constant (kapp) of the catalytic 4NP reduction reaction by the CNF/PEI2-Cu aerogels were calculated to be Ea = 39.56 kJ mol-1 and kapp = 0.770 min-1, respectively. The Ea is similar or even smaller than the Ea values of the corresponding reactions involving noble-metal catalysts, demonstrating that the CNF/PEI-Cu aerogels developed in the present study have strong potential as practical and economical catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryun Oh
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong ro, Bondong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chemdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Yu
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong ro, Bondong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Yosep Han
- Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Su Jeong
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong ro, Bondong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Kinetic model supported improved and optimized submerged production strategy of cellulase enzyme from newspaper waste biomass. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1281-1295. [PMID: 35750867 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A systematic evaluation of microorganism's potential towards biosynthesis of cellulases from inexpensive lignocellulosic feedstock through appropriate kinetic modelling facilitates understanding, optimization and designing of an effective industrial cellulase enzyme production process. The present study aims to optimize a submerged fungal cultivation strategy for cellulase production from abundantly available newspaper wastes (NPW). A combined pretreatment strategy consisting diluted, 1% (v v-1) H2SO4 followed by 2% (w v-1) NaOH treatment was highly effective to convert newspaper waste to an effective cellulose-enriched inducer for the production of cellulase. In addition, the composition of the most influential nutrient components like peptone and lactose was optimized with the help of response surface methodology for enhanced cellulase production with maximum activity levels. Maximum cellulase production of 8.64 g L-1 with 7.82 FPU mL-1 total activity levels was achieved from optimized composition of pretreated NPW 3.29% (w v-1), lactose 2.94% (w v-1) and peptone 1.53% (w v-1). To analyse intrinsic inhibition effect of the substrate concentration on cellulase production, modified Luedeking-Piret model simulated experiments were further conducted with 1.5% (w/v), 3.29% (w/v) and 4% (w/v) NPW concentrations. The developed kinetic model perfectly captured the trends of biomass production, substrate consumption and adsorption characteristic of cellulase enzyme on its activity during production. The rate constant for cellulase synthesis was evaluated to be increased to 0.040 IU g-1 h -1 at 3.29% (w v-1) of NPW concentration; however, it was further reduced to 0.024 IU g-1 h -1 at higher NPW concentration of 4% (w v-1).
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Novel recycling of pineapple leaves into cellulose microfibers by two-step grinding of ball milling and high-speed rotor–stator homogenization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lozano Fernandez ME, Miskolczi N. Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1887. [PMID: 35567056 PMCID: PMC9104889 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-lactic-acid is a biopolymer that can be an attractive alternative to replace petroleum-based polymers. It has advanced mechanical properties, melts easily with less energy consumption, and can be used to produce biodegradable plastics using renewable sources. However, some of the properties of poly-lactic-acid are inferior to those of traditional polymers: e.g., intensive farming is necessary for high agricultural yield, the composting needs special conditions, it is difficult to blend with other commonly used plastics, expensive, high permeability, etc. Therefore, the present work seeks to improve the structure and mechanical properties of the poly-lactic-acid incorporated by cellulose nano-fibers obtained from rice straw by a chemical acidic treatment. The fibers were incorporated into the poly-lactic-acid polymer matrix in a concentration of 1% by two-roll mill. To improve the incorporation of the fibers in the matrix, different coupling agents were used: PE-g-MA, vinyl trimethoxy silane, polyethylene-glycol with different molecular weight, and two types of experimentally synthetized α-olefin-maleic anhydride-based copolymers. The properties of the final composite could be improved, however those depend on the coupling agent to be used. The improving effect of the tested chemicals had been depended on the temperature. Based on structure analysis, both chemical and physical interactions were proposed between the cellulose nanofiber and polymer matrix. The thermogravimetric and viscosity results well represented the softener effect of the used chemical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norbert Miskolczi
- Research Centre of Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, MOL Department of Hydrocarbon & Coal Processing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary;
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15
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Futalan CM, Choi AES, Soriano HGO, Cabacungan MKB, Millare JC. Modification Strategies of Kapok Fiber Composites and Its Application in the Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions and Dyes from Aqueous Solutions: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052703. [PMID: 35270400 PMCID: PMC8910290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Kapok fiber (Ceiba pentandra) belongs to a group of natural fibers that are mainly composed of cellulose, lignin, pectin, and small traces of inorganic compounds. These fibers are lightweight with hollow tubular structure that is easy to process and abundant in nature. Currently, kapok fibers are used in industry as filling material for beddings, upholstery, soft toys, and nonwoven materials. However, kapok fiber has also a potential application in the adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from aqueous systems. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review about the recent developments on kapok fiber composites including its chemical properties, wettability, and surface morphology. Effective and innovative kapok fiber composites are analyzed with the help of characterization tools such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Different pre-treatment methods such as alkali and acid pre-treatment, oxidation pre-treatment, and Fenton reaction are discussed. These techniques are applied to enhance the hydrophilicity and to generate rougher fiber surfaces. Moreover, surface modification and synthesis of kapok fiber-based composites and its environmental applications are examined. There are various methods in the fabrication of kapok fiber composites that include chemical modification and polymerization. These procedures allow the kapok fiber composites to have higher adsorption capacities for selective heavy metal and dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cybelle Morales Futalan
- Department of Community and Environmental Resource Planning, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines
- Correspondence: or
| | - Angelo Earvin S. Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila 2401, Metro Manila, Philippines;
| | - Hannah Georgia O. Soriano
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapua University, 658 Muralla St, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines; (H.G.O.S.); (M.K.B.C.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Melbourne Klein B. Cabacungan
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapua University, 658 Muralla St, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines; (H.G.O.S.); (M.K.B.C.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Jeremiah C. Millare
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapua University, 658 Muralla St, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines; (H.G.O.S.); (M.K.B.C.); (J.C.M.)
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16
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Chakraborty I, Rongpipi S, Govindaraju I, B R, Mal SS, Gomez EW, Gomez ED, Kalita RD, Nath Y, Mazumder N. An insight into microscopy and analytical techniques for morphological, structural, chemical, and thermal characterization of cellulose. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:1990-2015. [PMID: 35040538 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose obtained from plants is a bio-polysaccharide and the most abundant organic polymer on earth that has immense household and industrial applications. Hence, the characterization of cellulose is important for determining its appropriate applications. In this article, we review the characterization of cellulose morphology, surface topography using microscopic techniques including optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Other physicochemical characteristics like crystallinity, chemical composition, and thermal properties are studied using techniques including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. This review may contribute to the development of using cellulose as a low-cost raw material with anticipated physicochemical properties. HIGHLIGHTS: Morphology and surface topography of cellulose structure is characterized using microscopy techniques including optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Analytical techniques used for physicochemical characterization of cellulose include X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sintu Rongpipi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Indira Govindaraju
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rakesh B
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Sib Sankar Mal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575025, India
| | - Esther W Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ranjan Dutta Kalita
- Department of Biotechnology, Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Yuthika Nath
- Department of Serology, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Guwahati, India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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17
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Landge VK, Hakke VS, Kakunuri M, Babu GUB, Boczkaj G, Sonawane SH. Synthesis of bimetallic Co–Pt/cellulose nanocomposites for catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00422k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The sonochemical synthesis of Co–Pt nanoparticles anchored on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) was demonstrated. An enhancement in the catalytic activity of the synthesized Co–Pt/CNF nanocomposite catalyst was observed for the reduction of p-NP due to synergy effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vividha K. Landge
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, TS, 506004, India
| | - Vikas S. Hakke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, TS, 506004, India
| | - Manohar Kakunuri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, TS, 506004, India
| | - G. Uday B. Babu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, TS, 506004, India
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
| | - Shirish H. Sonawane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, TS, 506004, India
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
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Climatic Zone and Soil Properties Determine the Biodiversity of the Soil Bacterial Communities Associated to Native Plants from Desert Areas of North-Central Algeria. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071359. [PMID: 34201731 PMCID: PMC8303931 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Algeria is the largest country in Africa characterized by semi-arid and arid sites, located in the North, and hypersaline zones in the center and South of the country. Several autochthonous plants are well known as medicinal plants, having in common tolerance to aridity, drought and salinity. In their natural environment, they live with a great amount of microbial species that altogether are indicated as plant microbiota, while the plants are now viewed as a “holobiont”. In this work, the microbiota of the soil associated to the roots of fourteen economically relevant autochthonous plants from Algeria have been characterized by an innovative metagenomic approach with a dual purpose: (i) to deepen the knowledge of the arid and semi-arid environment and (ii) to characterize the composition of bacterial communities associated with indigenous plants with a strong economic/commercial interest, in order to make possible the improvement of their cultivation. The results presented in this work highlighted specific signatures which are mainly determined by climatic zone and soil properties more than by the plant species.
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Lima EMB, Middea A, Neumann R, Thiré RMDSM, Pereira JF, Freitas SC, Penteado MS, Lima AM, Minguita APDS, Mattos MDC, Teixeira ADS, Pereira ICS, Rojas dos Santos NR, Marconcini JM, Oliveira RN, Corrêa AC. Biocomposites of PLA and Mango Seed Waste: Potential Material for Food Packaging and a Technological Alternative to Reduce Environmental Impact. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edla Maria Bezerra Lima
- EMBRAPA Food Technology Av. das Américas, 29501 – Guaratiba Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 23020‐470 Brazil
| | - Antonieta Middea
- Centre for Mineral Technology (CETEM) Av. Pedro Calmon, 900, Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941‐908 Brazil
| | - Reiner Neumann
- Centre for Mineral Technology (CETEM) Av. Pedro Calmon, 900, Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941‐908 Brazil
| | - Rossana Mara da Silva Moreira Thiré
- Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PEMM)/COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Technology Center, Ilha do Fundão Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941‐598 Brazil
| | - Jéssica Fernandes Pereira
- EMBRAPA Food Technology Av. das Américas, 29501 – Guaratiba Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 23020‐470 Brazil
| | - Sidinea Cordeiro Freitas
- EMBRAPA Food Technology Av. das Américas, 29501 – Guaratiba Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 23020‐470 Brazil
| | - Marília Stephan Penteado
- EMBRAPA Food Technology Av. das Américas, 29501 – Guaratiba Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 23020‐470 Brazil
| | - Aline Muniz Lima
- EMBRAPA Food Technology Av. das Américas, 29501 – Guaratiba Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 23020‐470 Brazil
| | | | - Mariana da Costa Mattos
- EMBRAPA Food Technology Av. das Américas, 29501 – Guaratiba Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 23020‐470 Brazil
| | | | | | | | - José Manoel Marconcini
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA) EMBRAPA Instrumentation São Carlos São Paulo 13560‐970 ‐ PO Box 741 Brazil
| | - Renata Nunes Oliveira
- Post Graduation Program of Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering Department Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Rod. BR 465, Km 07, s/n – Zona Rural Seropédica Rio de Janeiro 23890‐000 Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Corrêa
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA) EMBRAPA Instrumentation São Carlos São Paulo 13560‐970 ‐ PO Box 741 Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar) Rod. Washington Luiz, km 235 São Carlos São Paulo 13565‐905 Brazil
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20
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Cruz-Benítez MM, Gónzalez-Morones P, Hernández-Hernández E, Villagómez-Ibarra JR, Castro-Rosas J, Rangel-Vargas E, Fonseca-Florido HA, Gómez-Aldapa CA. Covalent Functionalization of Graphene Oxide with Fructose, Starch, and Micro-Cellulose by Sonochemistry. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:490. [PMID: 33557420 PMCID: PMC7915305 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) nanohybrids with starch, fructose, and micro-cellulose molecules by sonication in an aqueous medium at 90 °C and a short reaction time (30 min). The final product was washed with solvents to extract the nanohybrids and separate them from the organic molecules not grafted onto the GO surface. Nanohybrids were chemically characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy and analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These results indicate that the ultrasound energy promoted a chemical reaction between GO and the organic molecules in a short time (30 min). The chemical characterization of these nanohybrids confirms their covalent bond, obtaining a grafting percentage above 40% the weight in these nanohybrids. This hybridization creates nanometric and millimetric nanohybrid particles. In addition, the grafted organic molecules can be crystallized on GO films. Interference in the ultrasound waves of starch hybrids is due to the increase in viscosity, leading to a partial hybridization of GO with starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Montserrat Cruz-Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Carretera Pachuca—Tulancingo km 4.5, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico; (M.M.C.-B.); (J.R.V.-I.); (J.C.-R.); (E.R.-V.)
| | - Pablo Gónzalez-Morones
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Boulevard Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Mexico; (P.G.-M.); (E.H.-H.)
| | - Ernesto Hernández-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Boulevard Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Mexico; (P.G.-M.); (E.H.-H.)
| | - José Roberto Villagómez-Ibarra
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Carretera Pachuca—Tulancingo km 4.5, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico; (M.M.C.-B.); (J.R.V.-I.); (J.C.-R.); (E.R.-V.)
| | - Javier Castro-Rosas
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Carretera Pachuca—Tulancingo km 4.5, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico; (M.M.C.-B.); (J.R.V.-I.); (J.C.-R.); (E.R.-V.)
| | - Esmeralda Rangel-Vargas
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Carretera Pachuca—Tulancingo km 4.5, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico; (M.M.C.-B.); (J.R.V.-I.); (J.C.-R.); (E.R.-V.)
| | - Heidi Andrea Fonseca-Florido
- CONACYT, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. No. 140, C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alberto Gómez-Aldapa
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Carretera Pachuca—Tulancingo km 4.5, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico; (M.M.C.-B.); (J.R.V.-I.); (J.C.-R.); (E.R.-V.)
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21
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Sousa RSD, Andrade ASD, Masson ML. Extraction and characterization of nanofibrillated cellulose from yacon plant (Smallanthus sonchifolius) stems. POLIMEROS 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.09620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Chemical and thermal characteristics of soluble polysaccharides from fruit pericarps of the Algerian Argania spinosa. POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/pjct-2020-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Soluble polysaccharides were isolated from fruit pericarps of the Algerian Argania spinosa. The cell wall fraction was subjected to sequential extractions with H2O (2 × 2 h at 100°C), EDTA (1%, 6 h at 80°C) and KOH (1 and 4 M, 14 h at 25°C). The structures of the obtained polysaccharide fractions were characterized using gas chromatography (GC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The presence of arabinose, galactose and rhamnose in the pectin fractions suggests the presence of rhamnogalacturonan, while the abundance of xylose in the hemicellulosic fractions indicates the presence of xylan. The DSC data revealed the endothermal behavior of all the soluble polysaccharides and only two thermal transitions, the glass transition (Tg) and the fusion transition (Tf) have been recorded.
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23
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Minimizing Organic Waste Generated by Pineapple Crown: A Simple Process to Obtain Cellulose for the Preparation of Recyclable Containers. RECYCLING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/recycling5040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cellulose was obtained from the residues of pineapple crown by means of simple acid pretreatment and subsequent alkaline treatment. The pretreatment consisted of washing, drying, and chopping with high shear at pH = 5 under heating. The content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the pineapple crown was determined by chemical methods. The cellulose obtained was compared with commercial cellulose by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XDR). Thus, from the obtained fiber cellulose, a food container was prepared, and its physical-mechanical properties were determined. Then, after alkali treatment, the purity of cellulose was 84.7% from the pineapple crown (56.0%) and was compared with commercial cellulose (95%). FTIR results confirmed the removal of the non-cellulosic compounds after alkali treatment. The maximum pyrolysis temperature increased to 356 °C, higher than the original fiber (322 °C), indicating greater thermal stability after chemical treatment. Furthermore, the crystallinity increased to 68% with respect to the original fiber (27%). The physical properties of the container showed a decrease in the parameters in wet 95% RH, as expected, thus facilitating its reuse. These results indicate that the pineapple crown cellulose can be obtained with significant purity, from a single chemical treatment. In addition, this polymorphous cellulose can be used to make ecofriendly reusable food containers.
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Otuechere CA, Adewuyi A, Adebayo OL, Yawson E, Kabiawu O, Al-Rashed S, Okubio B, Beshbishy AM, Batiha GES. Histomorphological and Redox Delineations in the Testis and Epididymis of Albino Rats Fed with Green-Synthesized Cellulose. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9090246. [PMID: 32854280 PMCID: PMC7564467 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has also become increasingly necessary to diversify the production of cellulose for biomedical applications. In this study, cellulose-green-synthesized from Sesamum indicum (GSC)—was administered orally to rats for 14 days as follows: control, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg GSC. The impact of GSC on the antioxidant status and histomorphology of the testes and epididymis were studied. GSC had no effects on organ weights and organosomatic indices. In the testes, GSC caused nonsignificant changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels, whereas it significantly decreased glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde levels. In the epididymis, GSC significantly decreased superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide levels, but caused a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione levels. Furthermore, at ×200 magnification, testicular morphology appeared normal at all doses, however, extravasation of the germinal epithelium of the epididymis was observed at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg GSC. Conversely, at ×400 magnification, spermatogenic arrest (testes) and chromatolytic alterations (epididymis) were observed at the higher doses (200 and 400 mg/kg GSC). This study reports on the effect of green-synthesized cellulose on testicular and epididymal histology and redox status and further extends the frontiers of research on cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiagoziem A. Otuechere
- Department of Biochemistry, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State 232102, Nigeria; (O.L.A.); (O.K.); (B.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Adewale Adewuyi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State 232102, Nigeria;
| | - Olusegun L. Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State 232102, Nigeria; (O.L.A.); (O.K.); (B.O.)
| | - Emmanuel Yawson
- Department of Anatomy, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State 232102, Nigeria;
| | - Omolara Kabiawu
- Department of Biochemistry, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State 232102, Nigeria; (O.L.A.); (O.K.); (B.O.)
| | - Sarah Al-Rashed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Blessing Okubio
- Department of Biochemistry, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State 232102, Nigeria; (O.L.A.); (O.K.); (B.O.)
| | - Amany M. Beshbishy
- National Research Center for Protozoan Disease, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira 22511, Egypt;
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Tarchoun AF, Trache D, Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Khimeche K, Mezroua A. A promising energetic biopolymer based on azide-functionalized microcrystalline cellulose: Synthesis and characterization. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 249:116820. [PMID: 32933667 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the current investigation, azidodeoxy-microcrystalline cellulose nitrate (AMCCN) as a novel promising nitrogen-rich energetic biopolymer was synthesized, and its features were compared to those of azidodeoxy-pristine cellulose nitrate (APCN), conventional cellulose nitrate (PCN) and microcrystalline cellulose nitrate (MCCN). The produced nitrated samples and their precursors were fully characterized using various analytical techniques. In addition, the heats of combustion and mechanical sensitivities of all nitrated biopolymers were evaluated, and their energetic performances were predicted by EXPLO5 V6.04 software. The obtained results provide evidence for the effectiveness of the applied chemical functionalization approach to synthesize the relatively insensitive AMCCN and APCN with nitrogen content of 22.75 % and 22.50 %, density of 1.718 g/cm3 and 1.706 g/cm3, and detonation velocity of 7707 m/s and 7533 m/s, respectively, which are higher than those of PCN. This work opens avenues to design promising energetic biopolymers based on renewable microcrystalline cellulose for potential application in advanced high performance solid propellants and explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, 16046, Algiers, Algeria; Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Djalal Trache
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, 16046, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Thomas M Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Burkhard Krumm
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kamel Khimeche
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, 16046, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Abderrahmane Mezroua
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, 16046, Algiers, Algeria
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Sai Prasanna N, Mitra J. Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from Cucumis sativus peels. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116706. [PMID: 32829834 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) peels waste being a potential cellulosic sources, were used for extracting cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and characterized in the present study. Firstly, the cucumber peels were purified chemically through acid, alkali, and bleaching treatments for cellulose isolation. Later obtained cellulose was acid (60 wt% H2SO₄) hydrolyzed at 45 ℃ for 45 min to obtain CNC45 suspension, and again 10 min sonicated for CNC45-S10 suspension. The effect of sonication on the particle size of CNC45, and CNC45-S10 were investigated with Dynamic light Scattering and Atomic force microscopy. The microstructural changes, thermal, and crystalline properties of resulting fibers and CNC45 were analysed after each treatments through scanning electron microscopy, thermo-gravimetric analyser, and X-ray diffraction respectively. The acid-hydrolysed CNC45 from cucumber peels showed rod-like shape with high crystallinity (74.1 %), excellent thermal stability (>200 °C), and negative zeta potential values (<-30 mV), and CNC45 can be used as potential nanofillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sai Prasanna
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayeeta Mitra
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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27
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Bioconversion of rice straw by synergistic effect of in-house produced ligno-hemicellulolytic enzymes for enhanced bioethanol production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Lorenzo-Santiago MA, Rendón-Villalobos R. Isolation and characterization of micro cellulose obtained from waste mango. POLIMEROS 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.09119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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RANGANAGOWDA RAGHUPATELG, KAMATH SAKSHISHANTHARAM, BENNEHALLI BASAVARAJU. Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Natural Areca Fiber. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13005/msri/160112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In areca empty fruit bunch, fibres are packed strongly with hemicelluloses, lignin and with slight deposition of wax and inorganic elements. In the work reported, for the extraction of cellulose from the raw areca fibres, formic acid (20% v/v) and hydrogen peroxide (10% v/v) were used and the yield of 65% cellulose was attained. To know α-cellulose content with crystallinity, XRD diffractions studies were carried and the values were found to be 93% and 71% respectively. FTIR spectral studies confirm the absence of hemicellulose, lignin and wax in the cellulose extracted from areca fibres. The morphological studies provided the evidence for isolated fibres and removal of deposits in the extracted cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- RAGHU PATEL G. RANGANAGOWDA
- Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Alva’s Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, MIJAR-574225, Karnataka, India
| | - SAKSHI SHANTHARAM KAMATH
- Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Alva’s Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, MIJAR-574225, Karnataka, India
| | - BASAVARAJU BENNEHALLI
- Professor, Department of Chemistry, Alva’s Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, MIJAR-574225, Karnataka, India
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