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Moraes SDQ, Paiva Neto FTD, Loch MR, Fermino RC, Rech CR. Characteristics and counseling strategies for physical activity used by primary health care professionals. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2024; 29:e00692023. [PMID: 38198320 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024291.00692023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aim to describe the characteristics and strategies of counseling for physical activity used by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. A survey was carried out with 587 (85.4% women) health professionals who work in PHC in Florianopolis, in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Counseling carried out in the last 12 months was considered. Operational aspects related to counseling practices and strategies used for counseling were evaluated. The frequency of physical activity guidance was 86.2% (95%CI = 83.2-88.8%). Counseling was characterized as a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations, aimed at adults and the older adults and people with morbidities. The most used strategy was to guide users to participate in physical activity groups at the Health Center (89.5%) and in relation to the 5As method, giving some "advice" was the most used strategy (99.0%) and the least used. used was to follow strategies (22.6%). Counseling for physical activity has been based on a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations and focused on people with morbidities and on adults and the elderly. The strategies used do not seem to cover the full care of the advised users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheylane de Queiroz Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Universitário, Prédio Administrativo do Centro de Desportos, Trindade. 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brasil.
| | | | - Mathias Roberto Loch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Londrina PR Brasil
| | - Rogério César Fermino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal Tecnológica do Paraná. Curitiba PR Brasil
| | - Cassiano Ricardo Rech
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Universitário, Prédio Administrativo do Centro de Desportos, Trindade. 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brasil.
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Rúa-Alonso M, Bovolini A, Costa-Brito AR, Vaz C, Marques E, Serra N, Lopes VP, Vila-Chã C. Exploring Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among Older Adults Living in Low-Population Density Regions: Gender Differences and Associations with Activity Dimensions. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2948. [PMID: 37998440 PMCID: PMC10671471 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Older people in low-population density regions tend to have fewer resources to engage in regular physical activity (PA) compared to their counterparts in urban areas. Moreover, PA assumes different dimensions, and the amount of PA related to each dimension may differ between women and men, predisposing them to different PA practices. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to describe the prevalence of barriers to PA, gender differences, and their associations with different PA dimensions. A total of 259 older adults (153 women and 106 men; age, 75.17 ± 8.05 years old) living in the community in the region of Guarda (Portugal) were interviewed face to face to record their sociodemographic characteristics, general health status (comorbidity index and self-reported health), PA behaviour, and barriers to PA. Women were more likely to report "low" income and living alone (p ≤ 0.05), while men reported a higher negative health status than women (p < 0.05). Two intrinsic ("Fear of injury" (40.1%) and "Need for rest" (26.3%)) and two extrinsic barriers ("Lack of nearby facilities" (30.5%) and "I don't have transport" (25.6%)) were the most prevalent. For women, age, self-reported health, comorbidity index, and intrinsic and extrinsic barriers were similarly associated with the different PA dimensions. However, only self-reported health and extrinsic barriers were the variables associated with the different PA dimensions in men. Therefore, strategies to promote active ageing in low-population density regions should be focused on reducing intrinsic and extrinsic barriers based on gender and the PA dimension to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rúa-Alonso
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Performance and Health Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, 15179 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Bovolini
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Ana Raquel Costa-Brito
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Cláudia Vaz
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Ermelinda Marques
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Beiras (CACB), 6200-506 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Nuno Serra
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Vítor P. Lopes
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5300-223 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Carolina Vila-Chã
- Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.R.C.-B.); (C.V.); (E.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
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Mascarenhas P, Furtado JM, Almeida SM, Ferraz ME, Ferraz FP, Oliveira P. Pediatric Overweight, Fatness and Risk for Dyslipidemia Are Related to Diet: A Cross-Sectional Study in 9-year-old Children. Nutrients 2023; 15:329. [PMID: 36678200 PMCID: PMC9865454 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric overweight, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance can result from unhealthy lifestyle habits and increase morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Herein, we evaluated the relationship between diet and physical activity patterns with the metabolic health of 9-year-old school children. Measurements included anthropometry, adiposity, lipid, and glycemic profiles. Questionnaires evaluated diet and physical activity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) screened for diet patterns, and multilevel models evaluated diet and physical activity patterns against overweight, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance markers across schools and children. EFA highlighted two diet patterns, Western and Traditional. Food rich in fat, salt, and sugar and fewer vegetables and fruits defined the Western pattern. The Traditional pattern, linked to healthier eating habits, had analogies to the Mediterranean diet. Overall, 39% of the children were overweight (including the obese), while 62% presented cardiovascular risk factors on their lipid profiles. Normal-weight children presented 60% high cholesterol incidence. Global insulin resistance incidence was 4.1%, but almost doubled among the overweight/obese. The Westernized diet consistently linked to worse cardiovascular risk markers, even independently of physical practice. Intensive or competitive physical activity was associated with decreased triglycerides (p = 0.003), regardless of diet. Future prospective studies are warranted to validate these results externally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Mascarenhas
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - José M. Furtado
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sílvia M. Almeida
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria E. Ferraz
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fernando P. Ferraz
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Oliveira
- Department of Population Studies, ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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