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Rezaei B, Shahedi A, Keshtkaran Z, Eidi A, Delam H, Safari K, Shadmehr R, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M. Changes in incidence and mortality trend due to COVID-19 in southern Iran, from 2020 to 2021: based on Cochran-Armitage trend test. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37361263 PMCID: PMC10076376 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Background In 2020, COVID-19 spread rapidly in Iran and other parts of the world. Some of the epidemiological aspects of this disease remain unknown; therefore, the present study was designed with the aim of determining the trend of incidence and mortality of COVID-19 from February 2020 to July 2021 in southern Iran. Methods The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study that included all people who had COVID-19 in the period from February 2020 to July 2021 and whose information had been registered in the Infectious Diseases Center of Larestan city and MCMC unit. The study area included the cities of Larestan, Evaz, and Khonj, located in the south of Fars province in southern Iran. Results Since the emergence of COVID-19 until July 2021, a total of 23,246 new cases of infection were reported in the southern region of Fars province. The average age of patients was 39.90±18.30 years and the range of ages varied from 1 to 103 years. The results of the Cochran-Armitage trend test showed that the trend of the disease in 2020 was completely upward. The first positive case of COVID-19 was recorded on February 27, 2020. The incidence curve in 2021 is sinusoidal, but in general, the results of the Cochran-Armitage trend test showed that the incidence of the disease increased significantly (P-trend < 0.001). Most cases were reported in July, April, and the end of March. Conclusion In general, the incidence rate of COVID-19 has varied sinusoidally from 2020 to mid-2021. Although the incidence of the disease increased, the number of deaths has fallen. It seems that the increase in the number of diagnostic tests and the implementation of the national COVID-19 immunization program have been effective in changing the trend of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Rezaei
- Department of Surgery, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahedi
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Zahra Keshtkaran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Eidi
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Hamed Delam
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
- Imam Reza Teaching Hospital, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Khalil Safari
- Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
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Francelino SMA, Bezerra IMP, Alves SAA, Leitão FNC, de Deus Morais MJ, Ramos JLS, da Rocha JBF, Antunes TPC, Smiderle FRN, de Abreu LC. Profile of Maternal Mortality of COVID-19 in Ceará, in the Period of 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4645. [PMID: 36901655 PMCID: PMC10001747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe the profile of maternal mortality of COVID-19 in the state of Ceará, Brazil, in the period 2020. Ecological, exploratory, cross-sectional study, with secondary data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, were made available by the Obstetric Observatory Brazilian COVID-19. A total of 485 pregnant and postpartum women were included, and the analysis considered the notifications from the year 2020. The variables of interest and the outcome (death/cure by COVID-19) were analyzed in a descriptive way. Most pregnant and postpartum women were between 20 and 35 years old, brown/white skin color and residing in an urban area. The proportion of deaths was 5.8% in the year 2020. In that period, the rates of hospitalization in the ward increased by 95.5%, 12.6% of hospitalization in the Unit of Intensive Care (ICU), and 7.2% needed invasive ventilatory support. Maternal mortality from COVID-19 suggests an emergency in terms of the development of health actions and policies due to the aggravation and risks due to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla Martins Alves Francelino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário FMABC (FMABC), Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
- Curso de Enfermagem e Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
| | - Italla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra
- Curso de Enfermagem e Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Alaide Amorim Alves
- Curso de Enfermagem e Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Clínico em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil
| | - Francisco Naildo Cardoso Leitão
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Escrita Científica em Ciências da Saúde (LaMEECCS), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Rio Branco 69920-900, Brazil
| | - Mauro José de Deus Morais
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Escrita Científica em Ciências da Saúde (LaMEECCS), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Rio Branco 69920-900, Brazil
| | - José Lucas Souza Ramos
- Curso de Enfermagem e Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade Medicina Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - João Batista Francalino da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário FMABC (FMABC), Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Escrita Científica em Ciências da Saúde (LaMEECCS), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Rio Branco 69920-900, Brazil
| | - Thaiany Pedrozo Campos Antunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Rosa Neves Smiderle
- Curso de Enfermagem e Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, Brazil
| | - Luíz Carlos de Abreu
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário FMABC (FMABC), Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade Medicina Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Faiões VDS, Póvoa HCC, Thurler BA, Chianca GC, Assaf AV, Iorio NLPP. Two years of COVID-19 pandemic: Framework of health interventions in a Brazilian city. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1025410. [PMID: 36388316 PMCID: PMC9650536 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1025410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on public health have urgently demanded effective health policies to avoid the spread of COVID-19. Thus, public administrators have implemented non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions to mitigate the pandemic's impacts and strengthen health services. The aim of this ecological study is to describe the scenario of COVID-19 pandemic in a Brazilian city, during 2 years. This ecological study was carried out in Nova Friburgo, a Brazilian city, for 105 weeks (two years), from March 29, 2020 (week 1) to April 02, 2022 (week 105). Data on COVID-19 cases and COVID-19 deaths, occupation of COVID-19 exclusive beds in hospitals, community mobility, vaccination, government regulation on the opening of city establishments and city risk assessment were collected from public datasets. Four waves of COVID-19 cases and deaths were observed during this period. The first case occurred in week 1 and first death in week 3 of this study. The highest peaks of cases and deaths were observed during the third wave with 1,131 cases (week 54) and 47 deaths (week 55) and where the highest occupation of COVID-19 exclusive beds in local hospitals occurred. Interventions from more restrictive to more flexible, were implemented throughout this study, including lockdown and gradual return in economic and social strata levels. Vaccination began on week 43 and at the end of this study 89.91% of the total population was vaccinated with at least one dose, being 83.22% fully vaccinated. A deep description of several interventions used to avoid COVID-19 spread in a Brazilian city during 2 years of this pandemic can help promote better decision-making in the future while it exposes the challenges of conducting public health policies in a pandemic scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa dos Santos Faiões
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Department of Basic Science, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helvécio Cardoso Corrêa Póvoa
- Department of Basic Science, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Alves Thurler
- Department of Basic Science, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Ceccon Chianca
- School of Pharmacy, Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréa Videira Assaf
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Department of Specific Formation, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natalia Lopes Pontes Póvoa Iorio
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Department of Basic Science, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,*Correspondence: Natalia Lopes Pontes Póvoa Iorio
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