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Li L, Xiao S, Dai X, Tang Z, Wang Y, Ali M, Ataya FS, Sahar I, Iqbal M, Wu Y, Li K. Multi-omics analysis and the remedial effects of Swertiamarin on hepatic injuries caused by CCl 4. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116734. [PMID: 39024951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic diseases pose a significant threat to community health, impacting the quality of life and longevity of millions worldwide. Despite revolutionary advancements in treatment, liver diseases remain a pressing issue, necessitating the development of more effective therapeutic approaches. Here, we conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis to investigate the underlying mechanism of Swertiamarin in alleviating hepatic injuries induced by CCl4 in mice. We divided 100 Kunming mice into five groups: RC (control), RM (CCl4), RD (15 mg/Kg Swertiamarin), RZ (30 mg/Kg Swertiamarin), and RG (60 mg/Kg Swertiamarin). Animals in groups RD, RZ, and RG received daily Swertiamarin via gavage, while those in groups RM, RD, RZ, and RG were treated with CCl4 solution intraperitoneally every four days, nine times in total. Our findings revealed that mice in the RM group exhibited slightly lower average weights compared to other groups, along with significantly higher liver weight (p<0.0001) and liver index (p<0.0001). Pathological analysis indicated liver damage characterized by cell degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatic fibrosis in the CCl4-induced group. In contrast, Swertiamarin supplementation mitigated these effects, reducing denatured cells, inflammatory cells, and collagenous fibers in the liver. Serum analysis showed elevated levels of TNF-α (p<0.001), IL-6 (p<0.05), ALT (p<0.001), AST (p<0.0001), MDA (p<0.001), and Hyp (p<0.001) in CCl4-induced animals, along with lower levels of T-AOC (p<0.001), GSH-px (p<0.0001), SOD (p<0.001), and CAT (p<0.01). Microbiome analysis revealed significant differences among groups, with pathogenic taxa such as Arthrinium and Aureobasidium, and probiotic Saccharomyces showing notable variations. Metabolomics analysis identified numerous differentially abundant metabolites, with Swertiamarin-treated animals exhibiting distinct profiles. Our findings highlight the potential of Swertiamarin ameliorating CCl4-induced liver toxicity through modulation of antioxidant capacity, inflammatory response, gut microbiota, and metabolites. These insights may inform the development of novel therapies for liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shengjia Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xiangjie Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhiyi Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Munwar Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irna Sahar
- Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Iqbal
- Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452, Feng Yuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650201, China.
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Xu Y, Wang XS, Zhou XL, Lu WM, Tang XK, Jin Y, Ye JS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for liver fibrosis need "partner": Results based on a meta-analysis of preclinical studies. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3766-3782. [PMID: 39221071 PMCID: PMC11362880 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i32.3766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating liver fibrosis has been demonstrated in several clinical studies. However, their low survival and liver implantation rates remain problematic. In recent years, a large number of studies in animal models of liver fibrosis have shown that MSCs combined with drugs can improve the efficacy of MSCs in the treatment of liver fibrosis alone and inhibit its progression to end-stage liver disease. This has inspired new ways of thinking about treating liver fibrosis. AIM To investigate the effectiveness and mechanisms of MSCs combined with drugs in treating liver fibrosis. METHODS Data sources included four electronic databases and were constructed until January 2024. The subjects, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study design principle were used to screen the literature, and the quality of the literature was evaluated to assess the risk of bias. Relevant randomised controlled trials were selected, and the final 13 studies were included in the final study. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included after screening. Pooled analysis showed that MSCs combined with drug therapy significantly improved liver function, promoted the repair of damaged liver tissues, reduced the level of liver fibrosis-related indexes, and effectively ameliorated hepatic fibrosis by modulating the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment, promoting the homing of MSCs, and regulating the relevant signaling pathways, and the treatment efficacy was superior to MSCs alone. However, the combined treatment statistics showed no ame-lioration in serum albumin levels (standardized mean difference = 0.77, 95% confidence interval: -0.13 to 1.68, P = 0.09). CONCLUSION In conclusion, MSCs combined with drugs for treating liver fibrosis effectively make up for the shortcomings of MSCs in their therapeutic effects. However, due to the different drugs, the treatment mechanism and effect also differ. Therefore, more randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of different drugs in combination with MSCs, aiming to select the "best companion" of MSCs in treating hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xue-Song Wang
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Zhou
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Ming Lu
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xing-Kun Tang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Jin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Song Ye
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cere-brovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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Hosseinzadeh A, Pourhanifeh MH, Amiri S, Sheibani M, Irilouzadian R, Reiter RJ, Mehrzadi S. Therapeutic potential of melatonin in targeting molecular pathways of organ fibrosis. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:25-50. [PMID: 37995089 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis, the excessive deposition of fibrous connective tissue in an organ in response to injury, is a pathological condition affecting many individuals worldwide. Fibrosis causes the failure of tissue function and is largely irreversible as the disease progresses. Pharmacologic treatment options for organ fibrosis are limited, but studies suggest that antioxidants, particularly melatonin, can aid in preventing and controlling fibrotic damage to the organs. Melatonin, an indole nocturnally released from the pineal gland, is commonly used to regulate circadian and seasonal biological rhythms and is indicated for treating sleep disorders. While it is often effective in treating sleep disorders, melatonin's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties also make it a promising molecule for treating other disorders such as organ fibrosis. Melatonin ameliorates the necrotic and apoptotic changes that lead to fibrosis in various organs including the heart, liver, lung, and kidney. Moreover, melatonin reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells during fibrosis development. This article outlines the protective effects of melatonin against fibrosis, including its safety and potential therapeutic effects. The goal of this article is to provide a summary of data accumulated to date and to encourage further experimentation with melatonin and increase its use as an anti-fibrotic agent in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shiva Amiri
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rana Irilouzadian
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Slautin V, Konyshev K, Gavrilov I, Beresneva O, Maklakova I, Grebnev D. Fucoxanthin Enhances the Antifibrotic Potential of Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a CCl4-induced Mouse Model of Liver. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1484-1496. [PMID: 38204245 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x279940231206100902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of fucoxanthin (Fx) in liver diseases has been reported due to its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy has also been proposed as a promising strategy for liver fibrosis treatment. Recent studies have shown that the co-administration of MSCs and drugs demonstrates a pronounced effect on liver fibrosis. AIM This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of placenta-derived MSCs (PD-MSCs) in combination with Fx to treat liver fibrosis and evaluate their impact on the main links of liver fibrosis pathogenesis. METHODS After PD-MSCs isolation and identification, outbred ICR/CD1 mice were divided into five groups: Control group, CCl4 group (CCl4), Fx group (CCl4+Fx), PD-MSCs group (CCl4+MSCs) and cotreatment group (CCl4+MSCs+Fx). Biochemical histopathological investigations were performed. Semiquantitative analysis of the alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA+), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9+, MMP-13+), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1+) areas, and the number of positive cells in them were studied by immunohistochemical staining. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), hepatic growth factor (HGF), procollagen-1 (COL1α1) in liver homogenate and proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum were determined using an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Compared to the single treatment with PD-MSCs or Fx, their combined administration significantly reduced liver enzyme activity, the severity of liver fibrosis, the proinflammatory cytokine levels, TGF-β level, α-SMA+, TIMP-1+ areas and the number of positive cells in them, and increased HGF level, MMP-13+, and MMP-9+ areas. CONCLUSION Fx enhanced the therapeutic potential of PD-MSCs in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, but more investigations are necessary to understand the mutual impact of PD-MSCs and Fx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilii Slautin
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin Konyshev
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Gavrilov
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Olga Beresneva
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Irina Maklakova
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Grebnev
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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Iqbal M, Shams S, Rafiq H, Khan M, Khan S, Sadique Khattak U, Afridi SG, Bibi F, Abdulkareem AA, Naseer MI. Combinatorial Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and Benzimidazol Derivatives for the Reduction of Liver Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:306. [PMID: 37259449 PMCID: PMC9965641 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Liver fibrosis is currently one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. Stem cells transplantation using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an alternative therapy which is used in the place of organ transplant, due to the incapacity of stem cells to endure oxidative stress in the damage site, thus affecting the healing process. The present study aimed to enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs using combined therapy, along with the novel synthetic compounds of benzimidazol derivatives. (2) Methods: Eighteen compound series (benzimidazol derivatives) were screened against liver fibrosis using an in vitro CCl4-induced injury model on cultured hepatocytes. IC50 values were calculated on the bases of LDH assay and cell viability assay. (3) Results: Among the eighteen compounds, compounds (10), (14) and (18) were selected on the basis of IC50 value, and compound (10) was the most potent and had the lowest IC50 value in the LDH assay (8.399 ± 0.23 uM) and cell viability assay (4.73 ± 0.37 uM). Next, these compounds were combined with MSCs using an in vitro hepatocytes injury culture and in vivo rat fibrotic model. The effect of the MSCs + compounds treatment on injured hepatocytes was evaluated using LDH assay, cell viability assay, GSH assay and real-time PCR analysis and immuno-staining for caspase-3. Significant reductions in LDH level, caspase-3 and apoptotic marker genes were noted in MSCs + compounds-treated injured hepatocytes. In vivo data also showed the increased homing of the MSCs, along with compounds after transplantation. Real-time PCR analysis and TUNEL assay results also support our study. (4) Conclusions: It was concluded that compounds (10), (14) and (18) can be used in combination with MSCs to reduce liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Huma Rafiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Umer Sadique Khattak
- College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fehmida Bibi
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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