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Shah N, Shah M, Khan F, Rehan T, Shams S, Khitab F, Khan A, Ullah MW, Yousaf J, Awwad FA, Ismail EAA. Fabrication and Characterization of Montmorillonite Clay/Agar-Based Magnetic Composite and Its Biological and Electrical Conductivity Evaluation. ACS Omega 2024; 9:15904-15914. [PMID: 38617699 PMCID: PMC11007821 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Montmorillonite clay and agar are naturally occurring materials of significant importance in designing biocompatible materials tailored for applications in biotechnology and medicine. The introduction of magnetic properties has the potential to significantly boost their characteristics and expand their applications. In this study, we have successfully synthesized highly intercalated magnetic composites, incorporating magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs), montmorillonite clay (MMT), and agar (AG), through a thermo-physicomechanical method. Three samples of MMT-AG with 2, 1.5, and 0.5% MNPs and three sample composites of MNPs-AG with 2, 1, and 0.5% MMT clay are prepared. The synthesized composites were characterized by SEM, XRD, TGA, DTA, and FTIR. SEM analysis revealed a uniform dispersion of MNPs and MMT in the composite. The XRD pattern confirmed the presence of MNPs in the composite site. The TGA and DTA results demonstrated improved thermal stability due to the MNP incorporation. FTIR spectra showed all of the constituents of agar, MNPs, and MMT clay. The swelling ratio was observed to range from 835% to 1739%. The swelling study indicated an increased hydrophobicity with the addition of MNPs to the composite. Antibacterial activities revealed a significant inhibition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth by ranging from 10 to 19 nm in the composite. The composite also exhibited a considerable antioxidant action, with IC50 values of 7.96, 46.55, and 57.58 μg/mL, and electrical properties just like conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrullah Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muffarih Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Farishta Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Touseef Rehan
- Department
of Biochemistry, Women University Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Khitab
- Department
of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women
University, Peshawar KP-25000, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Biofuels
Institute, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jasim Yousaf
- Department
of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan KP-23200, Pakistan
| | - Fuad A. Awwad
- Department
of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, Riyadh 11587, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A. A. Ismail
- Department
of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, Riyadh 11587, Saudi Arabia
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Bano B, Kanwal, Hameed S, Lateef M, Wadood A, Shams S, Hussain S, Ain NU, Perveen S, Taha M, Khan KM. Unsymmetrical thiourea derivatives: synthesis and evaluation as promising antioxidant and enzyme inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:497-511. [PMID: 38372209 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Unsymmetrical thioureas 1-20 were synthesized and then characterized by various spectroscopy techniques such as UV, IR, fast atom bombardment (FAB)-MS, high-resolution FAB-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Methods: Synthetic compounds 1-20 were tested for their ability for antioxidant, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase activities. Results: Compounds 1, 2, 9, 12 and 15 exhibited strong antioxidant potential, whereas compounds 1-3, 9, 12, 15 and 19 showed good to moderate lipoxygenase activity. Ten compounds demonstrated moderate xanthine oxidase inhibition. Conclusion: Compound 15 displayed the highest potency among the series, exhibiting good antioxidant, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase activities. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory and molecular docking studies supported the experimental findings, indicating the potential of the synthesized compounds as potent antioxidants, lipoxygenases and xanthine oxidase agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilquees Bano
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Shehryar Hameed
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Lateef
- Department of Biochemistry, Multi-Disciplinary Research Laboratory, Bahria University Medical & Dental College, Karachi - 74400, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Baltistan, Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan, 1600, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ui Ain
- Pharmacy Department City University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi - 75280, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam - 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam - 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Hanifa B, Bibi N, Sirajuddin M, Tiekink ERT, Kubicki M, Khan I, Bari A, Wadood A, Shams S. Synthesis, spectral characterisation, biocidal investigation, in-silico and molecular docking studies of 4-[(2-chloro-4-methylphenyl)carbamoyl]butanoic acid derived triorganotin(IV) compounds. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1826-1845. [PMID: 37114651 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2204160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Three triorganotin(IV) compounds, R3Sn(L), with R = CH3 (1), n-C4H9 (2) and C6H5 (3), and LH = 4-[(2-chloro-4-methylphenyl)carbamoyl]butanoic acid, were prepared and confirmed by various techniques. A five-coordinate, distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry was elucidated for tin(IV) centres both in solution and solid states. An intercalation mode was confirmed for the compound SS-DNA interaction by UV-visible, viscometric techniques and molecular docking. MD simulation revealed stable binding of LH with SS-DNA. Anti-bacterial investigation revealed 2 to be generally the most potent, especially against Sa and Ab, i.e. having the lowest MIC values (≤0.25 μg/mL) compared to the standard anti-biotics vancomycin-HCl (MIC = 1 μg/mL) and colistin-sulphate (MIC = 0.25 μg/mL). Similarly, the anti-fungal profile shows 2 exhibits 100% inhibition against Ca and Cn fungal strains and has MIC values (≤0.25 μg/mL) comparatively lower than standard drug fluconazole (0.125 and 8 μg/mL for Ca and Cn, respectively). Compound 2 has the greatest activity with CC50 ≤ 25 μg/mL and HC50 > 32 μg/mL performed against HEC239 and RBC cell lines. The anti-cancer potential was assessed against the MG-U87 cell line, using cisplatin as the standard (133 µM), indicates 2 displays the greatest activity (IC50: 5.521 µM) at a 5 µM dose. The greatest anti-leishmanial potential was observed for 2 (87.75 at 1000 μg/mL) in comparison to amphotericin B (90.67). The biological assay correlates with the observed maximum of 89% scavenging activity exhibited by 2. The Swiss-ADME data publicised the screened compounds generally follow the rule of 5 of drug-likeness and have good bioavailability potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Hanifa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Naila Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sirajuddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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Awan ZA, Khan HA, Jamal A, Shams S, Zheng G, Wadood A, Shahab M, Khan MI, Kalantan AA. In silico exploration of the potential inhibitory activities of in-house and ZINC database lead compounds against alpha-glucosidase using structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38294714 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2298391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitors of α-glucosidase have been used to treat type-2 diabetes (T2DM) by preventing the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose and prevent enhancing glucose conversion. Structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) was used to generate novel chemical scaffold-ligand α-glucosidase inhibitors. The databases were screened against the receptor α-glucosidase using SBVS and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) techniques in this study. Based on molecular docking studies, three and two compounds of α-glucosidase inhibitors were chosen from a commercial database (ZINC) and an In-house database for this study respectively. The mode of binding interactions of the selected compounds later predicted their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Finally, one out of three lead compound from ZINC and one out of two lead compound from In-house database were shortlisted based on interactions. Furthermore, MDS and post-MDS strategies were used to refine and validate the shortlisted leads along with the reference acarbose/α-glucosidase. The Hits' ability to inhibit α-glucosidase was predicted by SBVS, indicating that these compounds have good inhibitory activities. The lead inhibitor's structure may serve as templates for the design of novel inhibitors, and in vitro testing to confirm their anti-diabetic potential is necessary. These insights can help rationally design new effective anti-diabetic drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhier A Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haider Ali Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Alam Jamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Guojun Zheng
- State Key Laboratories of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahab
- State Key Laboratories of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Kalantan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Khan HA, Ghufran M, Shams S, Jamal A, Khan A, Abdullah, Awan ZA, Khan MI. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from plant Fagonia cretica and evaluating its anti-diabetic activity through indepth in-vitro and in-vivo analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194809. [PMID: 37936909 PMCID: PMC10625996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most widespread metabolic diseases, Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is defined by high blood sugar levels brought on by decreased insulin secretion, reduced insulin action, or both. Due to its cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness, plant-mediated green synthesis of nanomaterials has become more and more popular. The aim of the study is to synthesize AgNPs, their characterizations and further in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Several methods were used to morphologically characterise the AgNPs. The AgNPs were crystalline, spherical, and clustered, with sizes ranging from 20 to 50 nm. AgNPs were found to contain various functional groups using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This study focuses on the green-synthesis of AgNPs from Fagonia cretica (F. cretica) leaves extract to evaluate their synthesized AgNPs for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-diabetic function. For the in-vivo tests, 20 male Balb/C albino-mice were split up into four different groups. Anti-diabetic in-vivo studies showed significant weight gain and a decrease in all biochemical markers (pancreas panel, liver function panel, renal function panel, and lipid profile) in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. In vitro anti-diabetic investigations were also conducted on AgNPs, comprising α-amylase, α-glucosidase inhibitions, and antioxidant assays. AgNPs showed antioxidant activity in both the DPPH and ABTS assays. The research showed that the isolated nanoparticles have powerful antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties, especially against the main enzymes involved in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Ali Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Pathology, Medical Teaching Institution Bacha Khan Medical College (BKMC) Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Alam Jamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah
- Department of Environmental Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zuhier A. Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Chen KT, Tesfay R, Koran MEI, Ouyang J, Shams S, Young CB, Davidzon G, Liang T, Khalighi M, Mormino E, Zaharchuk G. Generative Adversarial Network-Enhanced Ultra-Low-Dose [ 18F]-PI-2620 τ PET/MRI in Aging and Neurodegenerative Populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:1012-1019. [PMID: 37591771 PMCID: PMC10494955 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE With the utility of hybrid τ PET/MR imaging in the screening, diagnosis, and follow-up of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases, we investigated whether deep learning techniques can be used in enhancing ultra-low-dose [18F]-PI-2620 τ PET/MR images to produce diagnostic-quality images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-four healthy aging participants and patients with neurodegenerative diseases were recruited for this study, and [18F]-PI-2620 τ PET/MR data were simultaneously acquired. A generative adversarial network was trained to enhance ultra-low-dose τ images, which were reconstructed from a random sampling of 1/20 (approximately 5% of original count level) of the original full-dose data. MR images were also used as additional input channels. Region-based analyses as well as a reader study were conducted to assess the image quality of the enhanced images compared with their full-dose counterparts. RESULTS The enhanced ultra-low-dose τ images showed apparent noise reduction compared with the ultra-low-dose images. The regional standard uptake value ratios showed that while, in general, there is an underestimation for both image types, especially in regions with higher uptake, when focusing on the healthy-but-amyloid-positive population (with relatively lower τ uptake), this bias was reduced in the enhanced ultra-low-dose images. The radiotracer uptake patterns in the enhanced images were read accurately compared with their full-dose counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The clinical readings of deep learning-enhanced ultra-low-dose τ PET images were consistent with those performed with full-dose imaging, suggesting the possibility of reducing the dose and enabling more frequent examinations for dementia monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Chen
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering (K.T.C.), National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - R Tesfay
- Meharry Medical College (R.T.), Nashville, Tennessee
| | - M E I Koran
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - J Ouyang
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - S Shams
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - C B Young
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (C.B.Y., E.M.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - G Davidzon
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - T Liang
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - M Khalighi
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - E Mormino
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (C.B.Y., E.M.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - G Zaharchuk
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Muhammad N, Haq IU, Jan MS, AlOmar TS, Rauf A, Wadood A, Almasoud N, Shams S. In-vitro and in-vivo assessment of the anti-diabetic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory potenstials of metal-based carboxylates derivative. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19160. [PMID: 37636438 PMCID: PMC10458700 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current research work, an amide based metal carboxylate chemical ([((5-((5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazol-3-ium-3-yl)methyl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)bis((4-((4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)amino)-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy)zinc]) was identified as anti-diabetic analgesic and anti-inflammatory. The identified chemical(MT-1) was tested for acute toxicity (the MT-1 was fund safe), antidiabetic analgesic, and anti-inflammatory potentials. The in-vitro study was conducted for antidiabetic enzyme inhibition (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and the in-vivo studies included analgesic (acetic acid-induced writing and hot plate model) and anti-inflammatory (carrageenan etc induced edema) effects. The tested compound showed 88.63% (IC50 = 3.23 μg/ml) and 89.10%(IC50 = 5.10 μg/ml) againstα-amylase and α-glucosidase respectively. A significant (p < 0.001) analgesic effect was noted by MT-1 in acetic acid-induced animal models with a percent effect of 86.00, 60.,06, and 55.29 at the tested doses of 20, 1,0, and 5 mg/kg respectively. In the case of the hot plate model, the MT-1 showed a significant (p < 0.001) effect with maximum percent prolongation in latency observed after 60 min.08, 22.2,9, and 11.61) against 20, 1,0, and 5 mg/kg. The analgesic effect in the hot plate model was significantly (p < 0.01) reversed by the injection of naloxone (0.125 mg/kg). The paw edema induced by carrageenan, histamine, bradykinin, arachidonic acid, and PGE2 was significantly antagonized with percent attenuation of 34.09, 33.57, 34.60, 34.14, and 48.04 respectively. Furthermore, to predict the interactions between the MT-1 compound and COX-2 molecular docking was carried out and the result was compared with the standard compound. The docking score of MT-1 was predicted as -6.30 while that of Diclofenac was predicted as -6.82. Both compounds made several hydrogen bond interactions with the active site of the COX-2 enzyme. The docking study revealed the potent inhibitory potential of the compound MT-1 against the COX-2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ihtesham Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, 24420, Pakistan
| | - Taghrid S. AlOmar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Najla Almasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Aiman S, Ali Y, Malik A, Alkholief M, Ahmad A, Akhtar S, Ali S, Khan A, Li C, Shams S. Immunoinformatic-guided novel mRNA vaccine designing to elicit immunogenic responses against the endemic Monkeypox virus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37424185 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2233627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an orthopoxvirus, causing zoonotic infections in humans with smallpox-like symptoms. The WHO reported MPXV cases in May 2022 and the outbreak caused significant morbidity threats to immunocompromised individuals and children. Currently, no clinically validated therapies are available against MPXV infections. The present study is based on immunoinformatics approaches to design mRNA-based novel vaccine models against MPXV. Three proteins were prioritized based on high antigenicity, low allergenicity, and toxicity values to predict T- and B-cell epitopes. Lead T- and B-cell epitopes were used to design vaccine constructs, linked with epitope-specific linkers and adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Additional sequences, including Kozak sequence, MITD sequence, tPA sequence, Goblin 5', 3' UTRs, and a poly(A) tail were added to design stable and highly immunogenic mRNA vaccine construct. High-quality structures were predicted by molecular modeling and 3D-structural validation of the vaccine construct. Population coverage and epitope-conservancy speculated broader protection of designed vaccine model against multiple MPXV infectious strains. MPXV-V4 was eventually prioritized based on its physicochemical and immunological parameters and docking scores. Molecular dynamics and immune simulations analyses predicted significant structural stability and binding affinity of the top-ranked vaccine model with immune receptors to elicit cellular and humoral immunogenic responses against the MPXV. The pursuance of experimental and clinical follow-up of these prioritized constructs may lay the groundwork to develop safe and effective vaccine against MPXV.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Aiman
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Ali
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Alkholief
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Suhail Akhtar
- A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO, USA
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Chunhua Li
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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Khan HA, Ghufran M, Shams S, Jamal A, Ayaz M, Ullah M, Khan A, Khan MI, Awan ZA. In-depth in-vitro and in-vivo anti-diabetic evaluations of Fagonia cretica mediated biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114872. [PMID: 37245338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic moieties derived from medicinal plants as well as plants-based ecofriendly processes for producing selenium nanoparticles have shown great promise in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The current study was aimed to assess the anti-diabetic potentials of Fagonia cretica mediated biogenic selenium nanoparticles (FcSeNPs) using in-vitro and in-vivo approaches. The bio-synthesized FcSeNPs were characterized using various techniques including UV-VIS spectrophotometry and FTIR analysis. The in-vitro efficacy of FcSeNPs were assessed against α-glucosidase, α-amylase enzymes as well as the anti-radical studies were performed using DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging assays. For in-vivo studies, 20 Male Balb/C albino-mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 5) including normal group, disease group (Diabetic group with no treatment), control group and treatment group (Diabetic group treated with FcSeNPs). Further, biochemistry markers including pancreas, liver, kidney and lipid profile were assessed for all treatment groups. The FcSeNPs exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase at 62-1000 µg mL-1 concentration with IC50 values of 92 and 100 µg mL-1 respectively. In antioxidant experiments, the FcSeNPs demonstrated significant radicals scavenging effect against DPPH and ABTS radicals. In STZ-induced diabetic mice, a considerable decline in blood glucose level was observed after treatment with FcSeNPs. Anti-hyperglycemic effect of FcSeNPs treated animals were high (105 ± 3.22**) as compared to standard drug (128.6 ± 2.73** mg dL-1). Biochemical investigations revealed that all biochemical parameters for pancreas, liver function, renal function panel and lipid profile were significantly lowered in FcSeNPs treated animals. Our findings indicate a preliminary multi-target efficacy for FcSeNPs against type-2 diabetes and thus warrant further detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Ali Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry, Women University Mardan, 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
| | - Alam Jamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, Pakistan.
| | - Mehran Ullah
- District Medical Officer, Sehat Sahulat Program (SSP), Mardan 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zuhier A Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Rahat MA, Akbar F, Rasool A, Ilyas M, Rakha A, Shams S, Jelani M, Bibi F, Shirah BH, Abdulkareem AA, Naseer MI, Israr M. Phenotypic Classification of Eye Colour and Developmental Validation of the Irisplex System on Population Living in Malakand Division, Pakistan. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041228. [PMID: 37189847 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The core objective of forensic DNA typing is developing DNA profiles from biological evidence for personal identification. The present study was designed to check the validation of the IrisPlex system and the Prevalence of eye colour in the Pakhtoon population residing within the Malakand Division. METHODS Eye colour digital photographs and buccal swab samples of 893 individuals of different age groups were collected. Multiplexed SNaPshot single base extension chemistry was used, and the genotypic results were analysed. Snapshot data were used for eye colour prediction through the IrisPlex and FROG-kb tool. RESULTS The results of the present study found brown eye colour to be the most prevalent eye colour in comparison to intermediate and blue coloured. Overall, individuals with brown-coloured eyes possess CT (46.84%) and TT (53.16%) genotypes. Blue eye-coloured individuals are solely of the CC genotype, while individuals of intermediate eye colour carry CT (45.15%) and CC (53.85%) genotypes in rs12913832 SNP in the HERC2 gene. It was also revealed that brown-coloured eyes individuals were dominant among all age groups followed by intermediate and blue. Statistical analysis between particular variables and eye colour showed a significant p-value (<0.05) for rs16891982 SNP in SLC45A2 gene, rs12913832 SNP in HERC2 gene, rs1393350 SNP in SLC45A2, districts and gender. The rest of the SNPs were non-significant with eye colour, respectively. The rs12896399 SNP and SNP rs1800407 were found significant with rs16891982 SNP. The result also demonstrated that the study group differs from the world population based on eye colour. The two eye colour prediction results were compared, and it was discovered that IrisPlex and FROG-Kb had similar higher prediction ratios for Brown and Blue eye colour. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study revealed brown eye colour to be the most prevalent amongst members of the local population of Pakhtoon ethnicity in the Malakand Division of northern Pakistan. A set of contemporary human DNA samples with known phenotypes are used in this research to evaluate the custom panel's prediction accuracy. With the aid of this forensic test, DNA typing can be supplemented with details about the appearance of the person from whom the sample was taken in cases involving missing persons, ancient human remains, and trace samples. This study may be helpful for future population genetics and forensics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Ali Rahat
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Akbar
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Rasool
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Allah Rakha
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Musharraf Jelani
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Fehmida Bibi
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader H Shirah
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Israr
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
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11
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Jan SM, Fahira A, Shi Y, Khan MI, Jamal A, Mahmood A, Shams S, Parveen Z, Hu J, Umair M, Wadood A. Integrative Genomic Analysis of m6a-SNPs Identifies Potential Functional Variants Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Omega 2023; 8:13332-13341. [PMID: 37065064 PMCID: PMC10099436 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects 35 million people worldwide. However, no potential therapeutics currently are available for AD because of the multiple factors involved in it, such as regulatory factors with their candidate genes, factors associated with the expression levels of its corresponding genes, and many others. To date, 29 novel loci from GWAS have been reported for AD by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC2). Nevertheless, the main challenge of the post-GWAS era, namely to detect significant variants of the target disease, has not been conducted for AD. N6-methyladenosine (m6a) is reported as the most prevalent mRNA modification that exists in eukaryotes and that influences mRNA nuclear export, translation, splicing, and the stability of mRNA. Furthermore, studies have also reported m6a's association with neurogenesis and brain development. We carried out an integrative genomic analysis of AD variants from GWAS and m6a-SNPs from m6AVAR to identify the effects of m6a-SNPs on AD and identified the significant variants using the statistically significance value (p-value <0.05). The cis-regularity variants with their corresponding genes and their influence on gene expression in the gene expression profiles of AD patients were determined, and showed 1458 potential m6a-SNPs (based on p-value <0.05) associated with AD. eQTL analysis showed that 258 m6a-SNPs had cis-eQTL signals that overlapped with six significant differentially expressed genes based on p-value <0.05 in two datasets of AD gene expression profiles. A follow-up study to elucidate the impact of our identified m6a-SNPs in the experimental study would validate our findings for AD, which would contribute to the etiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Mansoor Jan
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Fahira
- Bio-X
Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric
Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center
for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Bio-X
Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric
Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center
for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department
of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for
Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alam Jamal
- Department
of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Mahmood
- Center
for
Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School
of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Zahida Parveen
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Junjian Hu
- Department
of Central Laboratory, SSL, Central Hospital of Gongguan City, Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People’s Hospital
of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Department
of Life Sciences, School of Science, University
of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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12
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Kakakhel S, Ahmad A, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Aiman S, Begum S, Shams S, Kamal M, Imran M, Shakeel F, Khan A. Annotation of Potential Vaccine Targets and Designing of mRNA-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus via Reverse Vaccinology and Agent-Based Modeling. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040430. [PMID: 37106617 PMCID: PMC10135540 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease is a fatal emerging disease of cattle, which has started to gain extensive attention due to its rapid incursions across the globe. The disease epidemic causes economic loss and cattle morbidity. Currently, there are no specific treatments and safe vaccines against the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) to halt the spread of the disease. The current study uses genome-scan vaccinomics analyses to prioritize promiscuous vaccine candidate proteins of the LSDV. These proteins were subjected to top-ranked B- and T-cell epitope prediction based on their antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity values. The shortlisted epitopes were connected using appropriate linkers and adjuvant sequences to design multi-epitope vaccine constructs. Three vaccine constructs were prioritized based on their immunological and physicochemical properties. The model constructs were back-translated to nucleotide sequences and codons were optimized. The Kozak sequence with a start codon along with MITD, tPA, Goblin 5′, 3′ UTRs, and a poly(A) tail sequences were added to design a stable and highly immunogenic mRNA vaccine. Molecular docking followed by MD simulation analysis predicted significant binding affinity and stability of LSDV-V2 construct within bovine immune receptors and predicted it to be the top-ranked candidate to stimulate the humeral and cellular immunogenic responses. Furthermore, in silico restriction cloning predicted feasible gene expression of the LSDV-V2 construct in a bacterial expression vector. It could prove worthwhile to validate the predicted vaccine models experimentally and clinically against LSDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehrish Kakakhel
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Wael A. Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Aiman
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Sara Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
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13
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Bakar A, Shams S, Bibi N, Ullah A, Ahmad W, Jelani M, Muthaffar OY, Abdulkareem AA, Abujamel TS, Haque A, Naseer MI, Khan B. A Novel Homozygous Nonsense Variant in the DYM Underlies Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen Syndrome in Large Consanguineous Family. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:510. [PMID: 36833437 PMCID: PMC9956627 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen Syndrome is a skeletal dysplasia caused by a defect in the DYM gene (OMIM number 607461). Pathogenic variants in the gene have been reported to cause Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen (DMC; OMIM 223800) dysplasia and Smith-McCort (SMC; OMIM 607326) dysplasia. (2) Methods: In the present study, large consanguineous families with five affected individuals with osteochondrodysplasia phenotypes were recruited. The family members were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for homozygosity mapping using highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. Subsequent to linkage analysis, the coding exons and exon intron border of the DYM gene were amplified. The amplified products were then sent for Sanger sequencing. The structural effect of the pathogenic variant was analyzed by different bioinformatics tools. (3) Results: Homozygosity mapping revealed a 9 Mb homozygous region on chromosome 18q21.1 harboring DYM shared by all available affected individuals. Sanger sequencing of the coding exons and exon intron borders of the DYM gene revealed a novel homozygous nonsense variant [DYM (NM_017653.6):c.1205T>A, p.(Leu402Ter)] in affected individuals. All the available unaffected individuals were either heterozygous or wild type for the identified variant. The identified mutation results in loss of protein stability and weekend interactions with other proteins making them pathogenic (4) Conclusions: This is the second nonsense mutation reported in a Pakistani population causing DMC. The study presented would be helpful in prenatal screening, genetic counseling, and carrier testing of other members in the Pakistani community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Nousheen Bibi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Musharraf Jelani
- Rare Diseases Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Osama Yousef Muthaffar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki S. Abujamel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Absarul Haque
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21859, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Iqbal M, Shams S, Rafiq H, Khan M, Khan S, Sadique Khattak U, Afridi SG, Bibi F, Abdulkareem AA, Naseer MI. Combinatorial Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and Benzimidazol Derivatives for the Reduction of Liver Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:306. [PMID: 37259449 PMCID: PMC9965641 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Liver fibrosis is currently one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. Stem cells transplantation using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an alternative therapy which is used in the place of organ transplant, due to the incapacity of stem cells to endure oxidative stress in the damage site, thus affecting the healing process. The present study aimed to enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs using combined therapy, along with the novel synthetic compounds of benzimidazol derivatives. (2) Methods: Eighteen compound series (benzimidazol derivatives) were screened against liver fibrosis using an in vitro CCl4-induced injury model on cultured hepatocytes. IC50 values were calculated on the bases of LDH assay and cell viability assay. (3) Results: Among the eighteen compounds, compounds (10), (14) and (18) were selected on the basis of IC50 value, and compound (10) was the most potent and had the lowest IC50 value in the LDH assay (8.399 ± 0.23 uM) and cell viability assay (4.73 ± 0.37 uM). Next, these compounds were combined with MSCs using an in vitro hepatocytes injury culture and in vivo rat fibrotic model. The effect of the MSCs + compounds treatment on injured hepatocytes was evaluated using LDH assay, cell viability assay, GSH assay and real-time PCR analysis and immuno-staining for caspase-3. Significant reductions in LDH level, caspase-3 and apoptotic marker genes were noted in MSCs + compounds-treated injured hepatocytes. In vivo data also showed the increased homing of the MSCs, along with compounds after transplantation. Real-time PCR analysis and TUNEL assay results also support our study. (4) Conclusions: It was concluded that compounds (10), (14) and (18) can be used in combination with MSCs to reduce liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Huma Rafiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Umer Sadique Khattak
- College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fehmida Bibi
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Manzoor S, Malik IR, Jahan S, Sarwar MB, Bashir A, Shams S, Hussain A. Serum MicroRNAs as Predictors for HCV Progression and Response to Treatment in Pakistani Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:441. [PMID: 36833368 PMCID: PMC9957303 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is one of the common liver diseases, imposing a heavy health burden worldwide. Acute hepatitis may develop into chronic hepatitis, progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, the expression of miRNAs was quantified by real-time PCR, such as miRNA-182, 122, 21, 150, 199, and 222. Along with the control group, HCV was divided into chronic, cirrhosis, and HCC groups. The treated group was also included after the successful treatment of HCV. Biochemical parameters, such as ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, viral load, and AFP (HCC), were also evaluated in all of the study groups. We compared the control and diseased groups; these parameters showed significant results (p = 0.000). The viral load was high in HCV but was not detected after treatment. miRNA-182 and miRNA-21 were overexpressed with disease progression, while the expression of miRNA-122 and miRNA-199 was increased compared with the control, but decreased in the cirrhosis stage compared with chronic and HCC. The expression of miRNA-150 was increased in all of the diseased groups compared with the control, but decreased compared with the chronic group. We compared the chronic and treated groups and then all of these miRNAs were down-regulated after treatment. These microRNAs could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosing different stages of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Manzoor
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Imran Riaz Malik
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Shah Jahan
- Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Sarwar
- Food and Biotechnology Research Center, PCSIR Laboratories Complex Lahore, Lahore 54700, Pakistan
| | - Asma Bashir
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Karachi 75600, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
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Adalat B, Rahim F, Rehman W, Ali Z, Rasheed L, Khan Y, Farghaly TA, Shams S, Taha M, Wadood A, Shah SAA, Abdellatif MH. Biologically Potent Benzimidazole-Based-Substituted Benzaldehyde Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease along with Molecular Docking Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:208. [PMID: 37259358 PMCID: PMC9958709 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-one analogs were synthesized based on benzimidazole, incorporating a substituted benzaldehyde moiety (1-21). These were then screened for their acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition profiles. All the derivatives except 13, 14, and 20 showed various inhibitory potentials, ranging from IC50 values of 0.050 ± 0.001 µM to 25.30 ± 0.40 µM against acetylcholinesterase, and 0.080 ± 0.001 µM to 25.80 ± 0.40 µM against butyrylcholinesterase, when compared with the standard drug donepezil (0.016 ± 0.12 µM and 0.30 ± 0.010 µM, against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, respectively). Compound 3 in both cases was found to be the most potent compound due to the presence of chloro groups at the 3 and 4 positions of the phenyl ring. A structure-activity relationship study was performed for all the analogs except 13, 14, and 20, further, molecular dynamics simulations were performed for the top two compounds as well as the reference compound in a complex with acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. The molecular dynamics simulation analysis revealed that compound 3 formed the most stable complex with both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, followed by compound 10. As compared to the standard inhibitor donepezil both compounds revealed greater stabilities and higher binding affinities for both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Adalat
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Zarshad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Yousaf Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah Almukkarramah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam 11099, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Syed A. A. Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Magda H. Abdellatif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Qasim A, Jaan S, Wara TU, Shehroz M, Nishan U, Shams S, Shah M, Ojha SC. Computer-aided genomic data analysis of drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae for the Identification of alternative therapeutic targets. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1017315. [PMID: 37033487 PMCID: PMC10080061 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1017315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an emerging multidrug resistance pathogen that causes sexually transmitted infections in men and women. The N. gonorrhoeae has demonstrated an emerging antimicrobial resistance against reported antibiotics, hence fetching the attention of researchers to address this problem. The present in-silico study aimed to find putative novel drug and vaccine targets against N. gonorrhoeae infection by the application of bioinformatics approaches. Core genes set of 69 N. gonorrhoeae strains was acquired from complete genome sequences. The essential and non-homologous metabolic pathway proteins of N. gonorrhoeae were identified. Moreover, different bioinformatics databases were used for the downstream analysis. The DrugBank database scanning identified 12 novel drug targets in the prioritized list. They were preferred as drug targets against this bacterium. A viable vaccine is unavailable so far against N. gonorrhoeae infection. In the current study, two outer-membrane proteins were prioritized as vaccine candidates via reverse vaccinology approach. The top lead B and T-cells overlapped epitopes were utilized to generate a chimeric vaccine construct combined with immune-modulating adjuvants, linkers, and PADRE sequences. The top ranked prioritized vaccine construct (V7) showed stable molecular interaction with human immune cell receptors as inferred during the molecular docking and MD simulation analyses. Considerable response for immune cells was interpreted by in-silico immune studies. Additional tentative validation is required to ensure the effectiveness of the prioritized vaccine construct against N. gonorrhoeae infection. The identified proteins can be used for further rational drug and vaccine designing to develop potential therapeutic entities against the multi-drug resistant N. gonorrhoeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Qasim
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Samavia Jaan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tehreem Ul Wara
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shehroz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kohsar University, Murree, Pakistan
| | - Umar Nishan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mohibullah Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Suvash Chandra Ojha, ; Mohibullah Shah, ;
| | - Suvash Chandra Ojha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Suvash Chandra Ojha, ; Mohibullah Shah, ;
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Zahoor S, Sheraz S, Shams DF, Rehman G, Nayab S, Shah MIA, Ateeq M, Shah SK, Ahmad T, Shams S, Khan W. Biosynthesis and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Senecio chrysanthemoides. Biomed Res Int 2023; 2023:3280708. [PMID: 37082193 PMCID: PMC10113057 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3280708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has recently appeared as an important study subject in modern material sciences. Greener synthesis of nanoparticles has gained the attention of many scientists because of its integral characteristics such as effectiveness, eco-friendly, and low cost. In the present study by following the green synthesis approach, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were formed for the very first time by using Senecio chrysanthemoides leaf extract as a reducing agent. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to study the synthesized ZnO NPs, and the specific peak was found to be at 349 nm. The characteristic Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) peak was found to be at 449 cm-1 which displays the peak of ZnO molecules. The surface morphology of the ZnO NPs was determined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) study showed that the synthesized ZnO NPs are present at the weight percentage of 66.38%. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum confirmed the hexagonal phase wurtzite structure, with the average particle size of 31 nm, and demonstrated the crystalline structure of ZnO NPs. Additionally, to all these experiments, we compared the anti-inflammatory properties of biogenic ZnO NPs to a standard drug. Biosynthesized ZnO NPs have revealed an effective anti-inflammatory activity at a higher concentration (100 mL-1) and showed 73% inhibition in comparison with diclofenac sodium drug. Zinc oxide was shown to be compatible with diclofenac sodium, according to the results. The ZnO NPs produced using the greener synthesis process have the potential to be used in a broad range of fields and also used as a good anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Sheraz
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Dilawar Farhan Shams
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Gauhar Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Saira Nayab
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U), Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ateeq
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Said Karim Shah
- Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Waliullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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Abbas G, Usman M, Salman ZE, Wadood A, Halim SA, Shams S, Ullah MS, Al-Harrasi A. Biological evaluation and in silico molecular docking studies of newly synthesized homoleptic and heteroleptic Cd(II) carboxylates. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Ullah I, Afridi SG, Israr M, Khan H, Shams S, Zaib K, Le HG, Kang JM, Na BK, Khan A. Population genetic analyses inferred a limited genetic diversity across the pvama-1 DI domain among Plasmodium vivax isolates from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa regions of Pakistan. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:807. [PMID: 36310166 PMCID: PMC9620592 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen-1 (pvama-1) is an important vaccine candidate against Malaria. The genetic composition assessment of pvama-1 from wide-range geography is vital to plan the antigen based vaccine designing against Malaria. Methods The blood samples were collected from 84 P. vivax positive malaria patients from different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. The highly polymorphic and immunogenic domain-I (DI) region of pvama-1 was PCR amplified and DNA sequenced. The QC based sequences raw data filtration was done using DNASTAR package. The downstream population genetic analyses were performed using MEGA4, DnaSP, Arlequin v3.5 and Network.5 resources. Results The analyses unveiled total 57 haplotypes of pvama-1 (DI) in KP samples with majorly prevalent H-14 and H-5 haplotypes. Pairwise comparative population genetics analyses identified limited to moderate genetic distinctions among the samples collected from different districts of KP, Pakistan. In context of worldwide available data, the KP samples depicted major genetic differentiation against the Korean samples with Fst = 0.40915 (P-value = 0.0001), while least distinction was observed against Indian and Iranian samples. The statistically significant negative values of Fu and Li’s D* and F* tests indicate the evidence of population expansion and directional positive selection signature. The slow LD decay across the nucleotide distance in KP isolates indicates low nucleotide diversity. In context of reference pvama-1 sequence, the KP samples were identified to have 09 novel non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs), including several trimorphic and tetramorphic substitutions. Few of these nsSNPs are mapped within the B-cell predicted epitopic motifs of the pvama-1, and possibly modulate the immune response mechanism. Conclusion Low genetic differentiation was observed across the pvama-1 DI among the P. vivax isolates acquired from widespread regions of KP province of Pakistan. The information may implicate in future vaccine designing strategies based on antigenic features of pvama-1. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07798-1.
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Shams S, Stilhano R, Silva E. Gene Editing/Gene Therapies: LOCALIZED PROANGIOGENIC CASCADE ACTIVATION VIA EGLN1 KNOCKOUT BY PROTEIN SPCAS9 VLPS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Rafiq H, Ayaz M, Khan HA, Iqbal M, Quraish S, Afridi SG, Khan A, Khan B, Sher A, Siraj F, Shams S. Therapeutic potential of stem cell and melatonin on the reduction of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in experimental mice model. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e253061. [PMID: 35293541 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is initial stage of any chronic liver disease and its end stage is develops into cirrhosis. Chronic liver diseases are a crucial global health issue and the cause of approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide. Cirrhosis is currently the 11th most common cause of death globally. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) treatment is the best way to treat acute and chronic liver disease. The aim of this study is to improve the therapeutic potential of MSCs combined with melatonin (MLT) to overcome CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and also investigate the individual impact of melatonin and MSCs against CCl4-induced liver impairment in animal model. Female BALB/c mice were used as CCL4-induced liver fibrotic animal model. Five groups of animal model were made; negative control, Positive control, CCl4+MSCs treated group, CCl4+MLT treated group and CCl4+MSCs+MLT treated group. Cultured MSCs from mice bone marrow were transplanted to CCl4-induced liver injured mice model, individually as well as together with melatonin. Two weeks after MSCs and MLT administration, all groups of mice were sacrificed for examination. Morphological and Histopathological results showed that combined therapy of MSCs+MLT showed substantial beneficial impact on CCl4-induced liver injured model, compared with MSCs and MLT individually. Biochemically, considerable reduction was observed in serum bilirubin and ALT levels of MLT+MSC treated mice, compared to other groups. PCR results shown down-regulation of Bax and up-regulation of Bcl-xl and Albumin, confirm a significant therapeutic effect of MSCs+MLT on CCI4-induced liver fibrosis. From the results, it is concluded that combined therapy of MSCs and MLT show strong therapeutic effect on CCL4-induced liver fibrosis, compared with MSCs and MLT individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rafiq
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Ayaz
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H A Khan
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Quraish
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S G Afridi
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Khan
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - B Khan
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Sher
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Department of Agriculture, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - F Siraj
- Isamia College University Peshawar, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Shams
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Biochemistry, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Lab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Ullah I, Khan A, Israr M, Shah M, Shams S, Khan W, Shah M, Siraj M, Akbar K, Naz T, Afridi SG. Genomic miscellany and allelic frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp-1, msp-2 and glurp in parasite isolates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264654. [PMID: 35259187 PMCID: PMC8903261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
The genomic miscellany of malaria parasites can help inform the intensity of malaria transmission and identify potential deficiencies in malaria control programs. This study was aimed at investigating the genomic miscellany, allele frequencies, and MOI of P. falciparum infection.
Methods
A total of 85 P. falciparum confirmed isolates out of 100 were included in this study that were collected from P. falciparum patients aged 4 months to 60 years in nine districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Parasite DNA was extracted from 200µL whole blood samples using the Qiagen DNA extraction kit following the manufacturer’s instructions. The polymorphic regions of msp-1, msp-2 and glurp loci were genotyped using nested PCR followed by gel electrophoresis for amplified fragments identification and subsequent data analysis.
Results
Out of 85 P. falciparum infections detected, 30 were msp-1 and 32 were msp-2 alleles specific. Successful amplification occurred in 88.23% (75/85) isolates for msp-1, 78.9% (67/85) for msp-2 and 70% (60/85) for glurp gene. In msp-1, the K1 allelic family was predominantly prevalent as 66.66% (50/75), followed by RO33 and MAD20. The frequency of samples with single infection having only K1, MAD20 and RO33 were 21.34% (16/75), 8% (6/75), and 10.67% (8/75), respectively. In msp-2, both the FC27 and 3D7 allelic families revealed almost the same frequencies as 70.14% (47/67) and 67.16% (45/67), respectively. Nine glurp RII region alleles were identified in 60 isolates. The overall mean multiplicity of infection for msp genes was 1.6 with 1.8 for msp-1 and 1.4 for msp-2, while for glurp the MOI was 1.03. There was no significant association between multiplicity of infection and age groups (Spearman’s rank coefficient = 0.050; P = 0.6) while MOI and parasite density correlated for only msp-2 allelic marker.
Conclusions
The study showed high genetic diversity and allelic frequency with multiple clones of msp-1, msp-2 and glurp in P. falciparum isolates in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In the present study the genotype data may provide valuable information essential for monitoring the impact of malaria eradication efforts in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrar Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Israr
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Mohibullah Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Waliullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muzafar Shah
- Centre for Animal Sciences & Fisheries, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Siraj
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Akbar
- Department of Biochemistry, Abbottabad International Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Naz
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
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Wadood A, Shareef A, Ur Rehman A, Muhammad S, Khurshid B, Khan RS, Shams S, Afridi SG. In Silico Drug Designing for ala438 Deleted Ribosomal Protein S1 (RpsA) on the Basis of the Active Compound Zrl15. ACS Omega 2022; 7:397-408. [PMID: 35036709 PMCID: PMC8756442 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pyrazinoic acid-resistant tuberculosis is a severe chronic disorder. First-line drugs specifically target the ribosomal protein subunit-1 (RpsA) and stop trans-translation in the wild-type bacterium, causing bacterial cell death. In mutant bacterial strain, the deletion of ala438 does not let the pyrazinoic acid to bind to the active site of RpsA and ensures that the bacterium survives. Hence, such tuberculosis cases require an immediate and successful regime. The current study was designed to identify inhibitors that could bind to the mutant state of the RpsA protein. Initially, a pharmacophore model was generated based on the recently published most potent inhibitor for the mutant state of RpsA, i.e., zrl15. The validated pharmacophore model was further used for virtual screening of two chemical libraries, i.e., ZINC and ChemBridge. After applying the Lipinski rule of five (Ro5), a total of 260 and 749 hits from the ChemBridge and ZINC libraries, respectively, were identified using pharmacophore mapping. These hits were then docked into the active site of the mutant state of the RpsA protein, and later, the top 150 compounds from each library were chosen based on the docking score. A total of 21 compounds were shortlisted from each library based on the best protein-ligand interactions. Finally, a total of 05 compounds were subjected to molecular dynamics study to examine the dynamic behavior of each compound in the active site of the mutant state of the RpsA protein. The results revealed that all compounds had good chemical properties such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), and there was no Pan Assay Interference (PAINS) or deviation from Ro5, indicating that these compounds could be useful antagonists for the mutant state of the RpsA protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wadood
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Azam Shareef
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ashfaq Ur Rehman
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University
of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department
of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beenish Khurshid
- Woman
College, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Raham Sher Khan
- Department
of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Ali F, Wali H, Jan S, Zia A, Aslam M, Ahmad I, Afridi SG, Shams S, Khan A. Analysing the essential proteins set of Plasmodium falciparum PF3D7 for novel drug targets identification against malaria. Malar J 2021; 20:335. [PMID: 34344361 PMCID: PMC8336052 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum is an obligate intracellular parasite of humans that causes malaria. Falciparum malaria is a major public health threat to human life responsible for high mortality. Currently, the risk of multi-drug resistance of P. falciparum is rapidly increasing. There is a need to address new anti-malarial therapeutics strategies to combat the drug-resistance threat. METHODS The P. falciparum essential proteins were retrieved from the recently published studies. These proteins were initially scanned against human host and its gut microbiome proteome sets by comparative proteomics analyses. The human host non-homologs essential proteins of P. falciparum were additionally analysed for druggability potential via in silico methods to possibly identify novel therapeutic targets. Finally, the PfAp4AH target was prioritized for pharmacophore modelling based virtual screening and molecular docking analyses to identify potent inhibitors from drug-like compounds databases. RESULTS The analyses identified six P. falciparum essential and human host non-homolog proteins that follow the key druggability features. These druggable targets have not been catalogued so far in the Drugbank repository. These prioritized proteins seem novel and promising drug targets against P. falciparum due to their key protein-protein interactions features in pathogen-specific biological pathways and to hold appropriate drug-like molecule binding pockets. The pharmacophore features based virtual screening of Pharmit resource predicted a lead compound i.e. MolPort-045-917-542 as a promising inhibitor of PfAp4AH among prioritized targets. CONCLUSION The prioritized protein targets may worthy to test in malarial drug discovery programme to overcome the anti-malarial resistance issues. The in-vitro and in-vivo studies might be promising for additional validation of these prioritized lists of drug targets against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21120, Pakistan
| | - Hira Wali
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Jan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Asad Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muneeba Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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Ullah I, Afridi SG, Khan AU, Israr M, Ali A, Shams S, Jabeen H, Rasool A, Akbar F, Rahat MA, Haris M, Khan A, Siraj M, Shah M. PCR-RFLP Based genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax genotypes in district Mardan, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e241110. [PMID: 34133560 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.241110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most common human malaria parasite in Asian countries including Pakistan. Present study was designed to explore the genetic diversity of plasmodium vivax genotypes based on Pvmsp-3α and Pvmsp-3βgenes using allelic specific nested PCR and RFLP assays markers from field isolates in district Mardan, Pakistan. Blood samples of 200 P. vivax malarial patients were collected after taking their written informed consent. Genetic diversity in nested PCR products was determined by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) utilizing Alu1 and PstI restriction enzymes for alpha and beta gene products digestion, respectively. For analysis the genetic diversity of the sub allelic variants of Pvmsp3α and Pvmsp3β genes, Chi-Square test was performed by utilizing Minitab programming software 18. The P value 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. For Pvmsp-3α genes after gel electrophoresis of digested products, four distinct genotypes were obtained from total of 50 samples; type A: 35 (70%) (1.5-2.0 kb), 12 of type B (24%) (1.5-1.7 kb), 2 of type C (4%) (0.5-1.5) and one for type D (2%) (0.5-0.65 kb) which could be characterized into 9 allelic pattern (A1-A4, B1-B3, C1, D), in which A3 remained the most predominant. For Pvmsp-3βgenes, three distinct genotypes were obtained from 50 samples; 40(80%) of type A (1.5-2.5 kb), 9 (18%) of type B (1.0-1.5kb) and 1(2%) of type C (0.65 kb) which could be characterized into 6 allelic patterns (A1-A3, B1-B2, and C1). Most dominant one in Type A was A1 alleles which were noted (46%), while in Type B, the most dominant were B1 (10%).This study is the first ever report of molecular epidemiology and genetic variation in Pvmsp-3α and Pvmsp-3β genes of P. vivax isolates by using PCR/RFLP from District Mardan and showed a remarkable level of genetic diversity in the studied genes of circulating parasites in the study area. The results of this study will contribute in future studies about the genetic structure of parasite and vaccine development against the malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S G Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A U Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - M Israr
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Saidu Medical College, Saidu Sharif, Swat, Pakistan
| | - S Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - H Jabeen
- Department of Microbiology, Women University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Rasool
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - F Akbar
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - M A Rahat
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Haris
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A Khan
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Siraj
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science & Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - M Shah
- Centre for Animal Sciences & Fisheries, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
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Nawaz M, Afridi SG, Khan A, Shams S. Frequency of Hyperemesis Gravidarum and associated risk factors among pregnant women. J PAK MED ASSOC 2020; 70:613-617. [PMID: 32296204 DOI: 10.5455/jpma.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and associated factors among pregnant women. METHODS The hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to March 2017 at Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar, District Headquarter Hospital (DHQ), Mardan, and District Headquarter Hospital, Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, and comprised data of 146 pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum. Data was compiled using pre-designed proforma. Frequency data of HG was also collected from the two hospitals of Peshawar and Mardan presenting in 2015 and 2016. Blood samples of all patients were analysed for serum electrolytes and complete blood count. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010.. RESULTS Mean frequency of HG in LRH Peshawar and DHQ Mardan during 2015 and 2016 was 14.5% and 8.34% respectively. Of the 146 women, 103(70.5%) belonged to Nowshera, 24(16.4%) to Peshawar and 19(13%) to Mardan. The overall mean age was 27±4.9 years, and maximum number of patients 67(45.89%) were aged 26-30 years. Major risk factor was urinary tract infection in Nowshera 30(29%) and Mardan 5(26.3%), while no major factor was identified in Peshawar. Patients in the first trimester were 59(57.28%) in Nowshera, 19(100%) in Mardan and 19(83.3%) in Peshawar, and primigravidas were 19(18.4%), 6(25%) and 8(42%) respectively. Overall, 119(81.5%) patients had no history of abortion. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum was high in Nowshera, Mardan and Peshawar, predominantly during the first trimester of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Nawaz
- Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Pakistan
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- Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Pakistan
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Pakistan
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Mumtaz MN, Ihsan H, Aziz S, Hizbullah, Afridi SG, Shams S, Khan A. The genetic composition of Shina population from Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan based on mtDNA analyses. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3802-3808. [PMID: 33366198 PMCID: PMC7710323 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1682474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to gain insight into the genetic origin of the Shina population from Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. We partially performed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of healthy unrelated individuals of Shina tribe residing in the remote area of Gilgit-Baltistan to investigate their maternal lineages. The present study is the first report about Shina's genetic structure, origin, and relationship with the surrounding north-western Pakistani population. The mtDNA sequences of the Shina samples were compared with the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) and the HVR-1 D-loop region was covered. The comparison with rCRS identified overall 38 haplotypes and 08 haplogroups for Shina samples. Among these haplotypes, 18 were shared by more than one individual of the Shina tribe. The obtained mtDNA sequences of Shina were compared with surrounding north-western Pakistani population groups, i.e. Kho, Kashmiri, and Pathan. The genetic diversity (i.e. 1.0424) and power of discrimination (i.e. 0.9266) of the Shina was found equivalent to surrounding north-western groups. The haplogroups frequencies, phylogenetic tree and network analysis identified the west Eurasian ancestral origin of Shina group with nearby maternal ancestral relationships with the Kashmiri population. However, no close genetic relationship of Shina was depicted with nearby residing Kho population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mah Noor Mumtaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Ihsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Aziz
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hizbullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Forslin Y, Bergendal Å, Hashim F, Martola J, Shams S, Wiberg MK, Fredrikson S, Granberg T. Detection of Leukocortical Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis and Their Association with Physical and Cognitive Impairment: A Comparison of Conventional and Synthetic Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1995-2000. [PMID: 30262646 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cortical lesions are common in multiple sclerosis and are included in the latest diagnostic criteria. The limited sensitivity of cortical MS lesions on conventional MR imaging can be improved by phase-sensitive inversion recovery. Synthetic MR imaging could provide phase-sensitive inversion recovery without additional scanning, but the use of synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery remains to be validated. We aimed to compare the ability and clinical value of detecting leukocortical lesions with conventional and synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery in MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with MS prospectively underwent conventional and synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery, 3D T1-weighted, and T2 FLAIR imaging. Two neuroradiologists independently performed blinded phase-sensitive inversion recovery lesion assessments; a consensus rating with all sequences was considered the criterion standard. Lesion volumes were segmented. All participants underwent standardized cognitive and physical examinations and Fatigue Severity Scale assessment. Results were analyzed with multiple linear regressions. RESULTS Interrater and criterion standard agreement for leukocortical lesions was excellent for both conventional and synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.79-0.97). Leukocortical lesion volumes for both sequences were associated with lower information-processing speed (P ≤ .01) and verbal fluency (P ≤ .02). Both phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequences showed a positive effect on the association when combining volumes of leukocortical lesions and white matter lesions with information-processing speed (P ≤ .005) and verbal fluency (P ≤ .03). No associations were found between leukocortical lesion volumes and physical disability or fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Synthetic and conventional phase-sensitive inversion recovery have a sensitivity similar to that of leukocortical MS lesions. The detected leukocortical lesions are associated with cognitive dysfunction and thus provide clinically relevant information, which encourages assessment of cortical MS involvement at conventional field strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Forslin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.) .,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Å Bergendal
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.)
| | - F Hashim
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.).,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Martola
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.).,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Shams
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.).,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M K Wiberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.).,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Fredrikson
- Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Neurology (S.F.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Granberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., Å.B., F.H., J.M., S.S., M.K.W., T.G.).,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Nazir Z, Afridi SG, Shah M, Shams S, Khan A. Reverse vaccinology and subtractive genomics-based putative vaccine targets identification for Burkholderia pseudomallei Bp1651. Microb Pathog 2018; 125:219-229. [PMID: 30243554 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Burkholderia pseudomallei is a unique bio-threat and causative agent of melioidosis. The B. pseudomallei Bp1651 strain has been isolated from a chronic cystic fibrosis patient. The genome-level DNA sequences information of this strain has recently been published. Unfortunately, there is no commercial vaccine available till date to combat B. pseudomallei infection. The genome-wide prioritization approaches are widely used for the identification of potential therapeutic candidates against pathogens. In the present study, we utilized the recently available annotated genomic information of B. pseudomallei Bp1651 through subtractive genomics and reverse-vaccinology strategies to identify its potential vaccine targets. The analyses identified more than 60 pathogen-specific, human host non-homologous proteins that may prioritize in future studies to investigate therapeutic targets for B. pseudomallei Bp1651. The potential B and T-cells antigenic determinant peptides from these pathogen-specific proteins were cataloged using antigenicity and epitope prediction tools. The analyses unveiled a promising antigenic peptide "FQWEFSLSV" from protein-export membrane protein (SecF) of Bp1651 strain, which was predicted to interact with multiple class I and class II MHC alleles with IC50 value < 100 nM. The molecular docking analysis verified favorable molecular interaction of this lead antigenic peptide with the ligand-binding pocket residues of HLA A*02:06 human host immune cell surface receptor. This peptide is predicted to be a suitable epitope capable to elicit the cell-mediated immune response against the B. pseudomallei pathogen. The putative epitopes and proteins identified in this study may be promising vaccine targets against Bp1651 as well as other pathogenic strains of B. pseudomallei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarghoona Nazir
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohibullah Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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Khan M, Khan S, Ul Mulk A, Ur Rahman A, Wadood A, Shams S, Ashraf M, Rahman J, Khan I, Hameed A, Hussain Z, Khan A, Zaman K, Khan KM, Perveen S. Synthesis, Molecular Modeling and Biological Evaluation of 5-arylidene-N,N-diethylthiobarbiturates as Potential α-glucosidase Inhibitors. Med Chem 2018; 15:175-185. [PMID: 30207240 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180912114814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barbituric acid derivatives are a versatile group of compounds which are identified as potential pharmacophores for the treatment of anxiety, epilepsy and other psychiatric disorders. They are also used as anesthetics and have sound effects on the motor and sensory functions. Barbiturates are malonylurea derivatives with a variety of substituents at C-5 position showing resemblance with nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds like thiouracil which exhibited potent anticancer and antiviral activities. Recently, barbituric acid derivatives have also received great interest for applications in nanoscience. OBJECTIVE Synthesis of 5-arylidene-N,N-diethylthiobarbiturates, biological evaluation as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors and molecular modeling. METHODS In the present study, N,N-Diethylthiobarbituric acid derivatives were synthesized by refluxing of N,N-diethylthiobarbituric acid and different aromatic aldehydes in distilled water. In a typical reaction; a mixture of N,N-diethylthiobarbituric acid 0.20 g (1 mmol) and 5-bromo-2- hydroxybenzaldehyde 0.199 g (1 mmol) mixed in 10 mL distilled water and reflux for 30 minutes. After completion of the reaction, the corresponding product 1 was filtered and dried and yield calculated. It was crystallized from ethanol. The structures of synthesized compounds 1-25 were carried out by using 1H, 13C NMR, EI spectroscopy and CHN analysis used for the determination of their structures. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed as given by Chapdelaine et al., with slight modifications and optimization. RESULTS Our newly synthesized compounds showed a varying degree of α-glucosidase inhibition and at least four of them were found as potent inhibitors. Compounds 6, 5, 17, 11 exhibited IC50 values (Mean±SEM) of 0.0006 ± 0.0002, 18.91 ± 0.005, 19.18 ± 0.002, 36.91 ± 0.003 µM, respectively, as compared to standard acarbose (IC50, 38.25 ± 0.12 µM). CONCLUSION Our present study has shown that compounds 6, 5, 17, 11 exhibited IC50 values of 0.0006 ± 0.0002, 18.91 ± 0.005, 19.18 ± 0.002, 36.91 ± 0.003 µM, respectively. The studies were supported by in silico data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ul Mulk
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur - 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur - 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iltaf Khan
- School of Chemistry and Material Science Heilonjiang University Harbin 150080, China
| | - Abdul Hameed
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Khair Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi-75280, Pakistan
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Shams S, Fällmar D, Schwarz S, Wahlund LO, van Westen D, Hansson O, Larsson EM, Haller S. MRI of the Swallow Tail Sign: A Useful Marker in the Diagnosis of Lewy Body Dementia? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1737-1741. [PMID: 28705819 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There are, to date, no MR imaging diagnostic markers for Lewy body dementia. Nigrosome 1, containing dopaminergic cells, in the substantia nigra pars compacta is hyperintense on SWI and has been called the swallow tail sign, disappearing with Parkinson disease. We aimed to study the swallow tail sign and its clinical applicability in Lewy body dementia and hypothesized that the sign would be likewise applicable in Lewy body dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional multicenter study including 97 patients (mean age, 65 ± 10 years; 46% women), consisting of the following: controls (n = 21) and those with Lewy body dementia (n = 19), Alzheimer disease (n = 20), frontotemporal lobe dementia (n = 20), and mild cognitive impairment (n = 17). All patients underwent brain MR imaging, with susceptibility-weighted imaging at 1.5T (n = 46) and 3T (n = 51). The swallow tail sign was assessed independently by 2 neuroradiologists. RESULTS Interrater agreement was moderate (κ = 0.4) between raters. An abnormal swallow tail sign was most common in Lewy body dementia (63%; 95% CI, 41%-85%; P < .001) and had a predictive value only in Lewy body dementia with an odds ratio of 9 (95% CI, 3-28; P < .001). The consensus rating for Lewy body dementia showed a sensitivity of 63%, a specificity of 79%, a negative predictive value of 89%, and an accuracy of 76%; values were higher on 3T compared with 1.5T. The usefulness of the swallow tail sign was rater-dependent with the highest sensitivity equaling 100%. CONCLUSIONS The swallow tail sign has diagnostic potential in Lewy body dementia and may be a complement in the diagnostic work-up of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shams
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S. Shams), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology .,Department of Radiology (S. Shams)
| | - D Fällmar
- Department of Surgical Sciences (D.F., E.-M.L.), Department of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Schwarz
- Radiological Sciences (S. Schwarz), Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L-O Wahlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society (L.-O.W.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics (L.-O.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - O Hansson
- Memory Clinic (O.H.), Skåne University Hospital and Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - E-M Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences (D.F., E.-M.L.), Department of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Radiology (E.-M.L., D.v.W.)
| | - S Haller
- Affidea CDRC Centre de Diagnostic Radiologique de Carouge SA (S.H.), Carouge GE, Geneva, Switzerland
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Hossein Rashidi B, Shams S, Shariat M, Kazemi Jaliseh H, Mohebi M, Haghollahi F. Evaluation of serum hepcidin and iron levels in patients with PCOS: a case-control study. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:779-784. [PMID: 28276006 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of chronic anovulation with a prevalence of 5-10% in women of reproductive age. The etiology of this disease is not well known, and hepcidin is one of the factors affecting the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma levels of hepcidin in patients with PCOS and its correlation with serum iron level. METHODS In this case-control study, plasma levels of hepcidin, IL-6, and ferritin using ELISA method and serum iron levels using a spectrophotometric method were tested on 56 women with PCOS (case group) and 41 healthy subjects (control group). The results were analyzed using t test, General Linear Model, Binary logistic regression, and linear regression tests. RESULTS The mean hepcidin levels were 1.97 ± 0.53 and 2.40 ± 0.25 pg/ml in the case and control groups, respectively. The t-test results showed significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.0001). The mean serum iron levels were 72.89 ± 28.97 and 70.62 ± 31.18 g/dl in the case and control groups, respectively. The t test analysis indicated no significant difference between the two groups. The serum ferritin and iron levels had no significant relation with serum hepcidin level in two groups. CONCLUSION Despite the differences in the serum levels of hepcidin between the two groups, no significant relation was observed between serum iron levels and hepcidin level in this group of patients. This implies the need for more comprehensive studies on gene expression in hepcidin and iron pathways using real-time and Western techniques to investigate more precisely serum hepcidin level and its relationship with the factors mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hossein Rashidi
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Shams
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Shariat
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Kazemi Jaliseh
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mohebi
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Haghollahi
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Forslin Y, Shams S, Hashim F, Aspelin P, Bergendal G, Martola J, Fredrikson S, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Granberg T. Retention of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Multiple Sclerosis: Retrospective Analysis of an 18-Year Longitudinal Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1311-1316. [PMID: 28495943 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gadolinium-based contrast agents have been associated with lasting high T1-weighted signal intensity in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus, with histopathologically confirmed gadolinium retention. We aimed to longitudinally investigate the relationship of multiple gadolinium-based contrast agent administrations to the Signal Intensity Index in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus and any associations with cognitive function in multiple sclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Signal Intensity Index in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus was retrospectively evaluated on T1-weighted MR imaging in an 18-year longitudinal cohort study of 23 patients with MS receiving multiple gadolinium-based contrast agent administrations and 23 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Participants also underwent comprehensive neuropsychological testing. RESULTS Patients with MS had a higher Signal Intensity Index in the dentate nucleus (P < .001), but not in the globus pallidus (P = .19), compared with non-gadolinium-based contrast agent-exposed healthy controls by an unpaired t test. Increasing numbers of gadolinium-based contrast agent administrations were associated with an increased Signal Intensity Index in the dentate nucleus (β = 0.45, P < .001) and globus pallidus (β = 0.60, P < .001). This association remained stable with corrections for the age, disease duration, and physical disability for both the dentate nucleus (β = 0.43, P = .001) and globus pallidus (β = 0.58, P < .001). An increased Signal Intensity Index in the dentate nucleus among patients with MS was associated with lower verbal fluency scores, which remained significant after correction for several aspects of disease severity (β = -0.40 P = .013). CONCLUSIONS Our data corroborate previous reports of lasting gadolinium retention in brain tissues. An increased Signal Intensity Index in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus was associated with lower verbal fluency, which does not prove causality but encourages further studies on cognition and gadolinium-based contrast agent administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Forslin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.) .,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
| | - S Shams
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
| | - F Hashim
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
| | - P Aspelin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
| | - G Bergendal
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Neurology (G.B., S.F.)
| | - J Martola
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
| | - S Fredrikson
- Neurology (G.B., S.F.).,Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Kristoffersen-Wiberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
| | - T Granberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.).,Radiology (Y.F., S.S., F.H., P.A., G.B., J.M., M.K.-W., T.G.)
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Abstract
This study assessed the effect of foetal movement counting on maternal anxiety. In a randomised, controlled trial, 208 primigravida women with a singleton pregnancy were allocated either to perform daily foetal movement counting (n100) from 28 weeks ’ gestation or to follow standard Iranian antenatal care (n108). Maternal anxiety was measured by Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS (16.0). There was no significant difference in mean state and trait anxiety scores at 28 weeks ’ gestation; the difference was significant at 37 weeks ’ gestation in state anxiety score between the intervention and control groups (35.34 9.98 vs. 38.25 9.63, respectively, P0.001). A significant difference was found in mean trait anxiety score at 37 weeks ’ gestation between the two groups (35.88 8.19 vs. 39.15 9.25, respectively, P 0.008). Women who performed foetal movement counting from 28 to 37 weeks ’ gestation reported less anxiety compared with those in control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Delaram
- Department of Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Akhtar N, Ilyas M, Muhammad K, Shams S, Saeed K, Asadullah A. Prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infections among the general population of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Biomed Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.15419/bmrat.v3i12.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Forslin Y, Granberg T, Jumah AA, Shams S, Aspelin P, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Martola J, Fredrikson S. Incidence of Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Population-Based Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1017-22. [PMID: 26846927 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Incidental MR imaging findings resembling MS in asymptomatic individuals, fulfilling the Okuda criteria, are termed "radiologically isolated syndrome." Those with radiologically isolated syndrome are at high risk of their condition converting to MS. The epidemiology of radiologically isolated syndrome remains largely unknown, and there are no population-based studies, to our knowledge. Our aim was to study the population-based incidence of radiologically isolated syndrome in a high-incidence region for MS and to evaluate the effect on radiologically isolated syndrome incidence when revising the original radiologically isolated syndrome criteria by using the latest radiologic classification for dissemination in space. MATERIALS AND METHODS All 2272 brain MR imaging scans in 1907 persons obtained during 2013 in the Swedish county of Västmanland, with a population of 259,000 inhabitants, were blindly evaluated by a senior radiologist and a senior neuroradiologist. The Okuda criteria for radiologically isolated syndrome were applied by using both the Barkhof and Swanton classifications for dissemination in space. Assessments of clinical data were performed by a radiology resident and a senior neurologist. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of radiologically isolated syndrome was 2 patients (0.1%), equaling an incidence rate of 0.8 cases per 100,000 person-years, in a region with an incidence rate of MS of 10.2 cases per 100,000 person-years. There was no difference in the radiologically isolated syndrome incidence rate when applying a modified version of the Okuda criteria by using the newer Swanton classification for dissemination in space. CONCLUSIONS Radiologically isolated syndrome is uncommon in a high-incidence region for MS. Adapting the Okuda criteria to use the dissemination in space-Swanton classification may be feasible. Future studies on radiologically isolated syndrome may benefit from a collaborative approach to ensure adequate numbers of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Forslin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Radiology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Department of Radiology (Y.F., T.G., A.A.J.), Västmanland Hospital, Västerås, Sweden.
| | - T Granberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Radiology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Department of Radiology (Y.F., T.G., A.A.J.), Västmanland Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - A Antwan Jumah
- Department of Radiology (Y.F., T.G., A.A.J.), Västmanland Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - S Shams
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Radiology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.)
| | - P Aspelin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Radiology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.)
| | - M Kristoffersen-Wiberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Radiology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.)
| | - J Martola
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.) Radiology (Y.F., T.G., S.S., P.A., M.K.-W., J.M.)
| | - S Fredrikson
- Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.) Neurology (S.F.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Santos-Cortez RLP, Faridi R, Rehman AU, Lee K, Ansar M, Wang X, Morell RJ, Isaacson R, Belyantseva IA, Dai H, Acharya A, Qaiser TA, Muhammad D, Ali RA, Shams S, Hassan MJ, Shahzad S, Raza SI, Bashir ZEH, Smith JD, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Riazuddin S, Ahmad W, Friedman TB, Leal SM. Autosomal-Recessive Hearing Impairment Due to Rare Missense Variants within S1PR2. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 98:331-8. [PMID: 26805784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) are a well-studied class of transmembrane G protein-coupled sphingolipid receptors that mediate multiple cellular processes. However, S1PRs have not been previously reported to be involved in the genetic etiology of human traits. S1PR2 lies within the autosomal-recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment (ARNSHI) locus DFNB68 on 19p13.2. From exome sequence data we identified two pathogenic S1PR2 variants, c.323G>C (p.Arg108Pro) and c.419A>G (p.Tyr140Cys). Each of these variants co-segregates with congenital profound hearing impairment in consanguineous Pakistani families with maximum LOD scores of 6.4 for family DEM4154 and 3.3 for family PKDF1400. Neither S1PR2 missense variant was reported among ∼120,000 chromosomes in the Exome Aggregation Consortium database, in 76 unrelated Pakistani exomes, or in 720 Pakistani control chromosomes. Both DNA variants affect highly conserved residues of S1PR2 and are predicted to be damaging by multiple bioinformatics tools. Molecular modeling predicts that these variants affect binding of sphingosine-1-phosphate (p.Arg108Pro) and G protein docking (p.Tyr140Cys). In the previously reported S1pr2(-/-) mice, stria vascularis abnormalities, organ of Corti degeneration, and profound hearing loss were observed. Additionally, hair cell defects were seen in both knockout mice and morphant zebrafish. Family PKDF1400 presents with ARNSHI, which is consistent with the lack of gross malformations in S1pr2(-/-) mice, whereas family DEM4154 has lower limb malformations in addition to hearing loss. Our findings suggest the possibility of developing therapies against hair cell damage (e.g., from ototoxic drugs) through targeted stimulation of S1PR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regie Lyn P Santos-Cortez
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rabia Faridi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Atteeq U Rehman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kwanghyuk Lee
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert J Morell
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rivka Isaacson
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Inna A Belyantseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hang Dai
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anushree Acharya
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tanveer A Qaiser
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Dost Muhammad
- Chandka Medical College, Larkana, Sindh 77150, Pakistan
| | | | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Hassan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Irfan Raza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Zil-E-Huma Bashir
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- University of Lahore, Lahore 54550, Pakistan; Allama Iqbal Medical Research Centre, Jinnah Hospital Complex, Lahore 54550, Pakistan; Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Granberg T, Uppman M, Hashim F, Cananau C, Nordin LE, Shams S, Berglund J, Forslin Y, Aspelin P, Fredrikson S, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M. Clinical Feasibility of Synthetic MRI in Multiple Sclerosis: A Diagnostic and Volumetric Validation Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1023-9. [PMID: 26797137 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Quantitative MR imaging techniques are gaining interest as methods of reducing acquisition times while additionally providing robust measurements. This study aimed to implement a synthetic MR imaging method on a new scanner type and to compare its diagnostic accuracy and volumetry with conventional MR imaging in patients with MS and controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with MS and 20 healthy controls were enrolled after ethics approval and written informed consent. Synthetic MR imaging was implemented on a Siemens 3T scanner. Comparable conventional and synthetic proton-density-, T1-, and T2-weighted, and FLAIR images were acquired. Diagnostic accuracy, lesion detection, and artifacts were assessed by blinded neuroradiologic evaluation, and contrast-to-noise ratios, by manual tracing. Volumetry was performed with synthetic MR imaging, FreeSurfer, FMRIB Software Library, and Statistical Parametric Mapping. Repeatability was quantified by using the coefficient of variance. RESULTS Synthetic proton-density-, T1-, and T2-weighted images were of sufficient or good quality and were acquired in 7% less time than with conventional MR imaging. Synthetic FLAIR images were degraded by artifacts. Lesion counts and volumes were higher in synthetic MR imaging due to differences in the contrast of dirty-appearing WM but did not affect the radiologic diagnostic classification or lesion topography (P = .50-.77). Synthetic MR imaging provided segmentations with the shortest processing time (16 seconds) and the lowest repeatability error for brain volume (0.14%), intracranial volume (0.12%), brain parenchymal fraction (0.14%), and GM fraction (0.56%). CONCLUSIONS Synthetic MR imaging can be an alternative to conventional MR imaging for generating diagnostic proton-density-, T1-, and T2-weighted images in patients with MS and controls while additionally delivering fast and robust volumetric measurements suitable for MS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Granberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
| | - M Uppman
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Diagnostic Medical Physics (M.U., L.E.N., J.B.)
| | - F Hashim
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
| | - C Cananau
- Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
| | - L E Nordin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Diagnostic Medical Physics (M.U., L.E.N., J.B.)
| | - S Shams
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
| | - J Berglund
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Diagnostic Medical Physics (M.U., L.E.N., J.B.)
| | - Y Forslin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
| | - P Aspelin
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
| | - S Fredrikson
- Clinical Neuroscience (S.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Neurology (S.F.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Kristoffersen-Wiberg
- From the Departments of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (T.G., M.U., F.H., L.E.N., S.S., J.B., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W.) Departments of Radiology (T.G., F.H., C.C., S.S., Y.F., P.A., M.K.-W)
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Choi SW, Shin TH, Uddin MH, Shin JH, Kang TW, Lee BC, Kim HS, Seo Y, Shams S, Jung YK, Kang KS. STB-HO, a novel mica fine particle, inhibits the teratoma-forming ability of human embryonic stem cells after in vivo transplantation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2684-95. [PMID: 26646796 PMCID: PMC4823064 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although pluripotent stem cell (PSC) therapy has advantages for clinical applications because of the self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation abilities of PSCs, it also has disadvantages in terms of the potential for PSCs to undergo malignant transformation or unexpected differentiation. The prevention of teratoma formation is the largest hurdle of all. Despite intensive studies that have investigated ways to block teratomas, such methods have yet to be further developed for clinical use. Here, a new approach has focused on exerting anti-tumorigenic effects using a novel mica fine particle (MFP) designated STB-HO. Treatment with STB-HO regulated pluripotency- and apoptosis-related genes in differentiating human embryonic stem (hES) cells, while there is no effects in undifferentiated hES cells. In particular, STB-HO blocked the anti-apoptotic gene BIRC5 and activated p53, p21 and the pro-apoptotic proteins Bim, Puma and p-Bad during early spontaneous differentiation. Moreover, STB-HO-pretreated differentiating hES cells did not give rise to teratomas following in vivo stem cell transplantation. Our in vitro and in vivo results suggest a method for teratoma prevention in the context of PSC-derived cell transplantation. This novel MFP could break through the limitations of PSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Won Choi
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Shin
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Hafiz Uddin
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Shin
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kang
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine in Kangstem Biotech, Biomedical Science Building, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Seo
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cells Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yeon-Kwon Jung
- Seobong BioBesstech Co., Ltd., Yeoksam-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ali B, Mujeeb M, Shams S, Ali B. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaf of Ficus carica leaves. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shams S, Martola J, Cavallin L, Granberg T, Shams M, Aspelin P, Wahlund LO, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M. SWI or T2*: which MRI sequence to use in the detection of cerebral microbleeds? The Karolinska Imaging Dementia Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:1089-95. [PMID: 25698623 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral microbleeds are thought to have potentially important clinical implications in dementia and stroke. However, the use of both T2* and SWI MR imaging sequences for microbleed detection has complicated the cross-comparison of study results. We aimed to determine the impact of microbleed sequences on microbleed detection and associated clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients from our memory clinic (n = 246; 53% female; mean age, 62) prospectively underwent 3T MR imaging, with conventional thick-section T2*, thick-section SWI, and conventional thin-section SWI. Microbleeds were assessed separately on thick-section SWI, thin-section SWI, and T2* by 3 raters, with varying neuroradiologic experience. Clinical and radiologic parameters from the dementia investigation were analyzed in association with the number of microbleeds in negative binomial regression analyses. RESULTS Prevalence and number of microbleeds were higher on thick-/thin-section SWI (20/21%) compared with T2*(17%). There was no difference in microbleed prevalence/number between thick- and thin-section SWI. Interrater agreement was excellent for all raters and sequences. Univariate comparisons of clinical parameters between patients with and without microbleeds yielded no difference across sequences. In the regression analysis, only minor differences in clinical associations with the number of microbleeds were noted across sequences. CONCLUSIONS Due to the increased detection of microbleeds, we recommend SWI as the sequence of choice in microbleed detection. Microbleeds and their association with clinical parameters are robust to the effects of varying MR imaging sequences, suggesting that comparison of results across studies is possible, despite differing microbleed sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shams
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - J Martola
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - L Cavallin
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - T Granberg
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - M Shams
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - P Aspelin
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - L O Wahlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society (L.O.W.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Division of Clinical Geriatrics (L.O.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Kristoffersen-Wiberg
- From the Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.) Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., L.C., T.G., M.S., P.A., M.K.-W.)
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Shams S, Capelli C, Cerasino L, Ballot A, Dietrich DR, Sivonen K, Salmaso N. Anatoxin-a producing Tychonema (Cyanobacteria) in European waterbodies. Water Res 2015; 69:68-79. [PMID: 25437339 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to identify the cyanobacterial species responsible of anatoxin-a (ATX) production in Lake Garda (Northern Italy), an intensive isolation and culturing of filamentous cyanobacteria were established since 2014 from environmental samples. In this work, we report a detailed account of the strategy adopted, which led to the discovery of a new unexpected producer of ATX, Tychonema bourrellyi. So far, this species is the first documented example of cultured Oscillatoriales able to produce ATX isolated from pelagic freshwater ecosystems. The isolated filaments were identified adopting a polyphasic approach, which included microscopic species identification, genetic characterisation and phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA genes. The taxonomic identification was further confirmed by the high (>99%) rbcLX sequence similarities of the T. bourrellyi strains of Lake Garda with those deposited in DNA sequence databases. More than half of the isolates were shown to produce a significant amount of ATX, with cell quota ranging between 0.1 and 2.6 μg mm(-3), and 0.01 and 0.35 pg cell(-1). The toxic isolates were tested positive for anaC of the anatoxin-a synthetase (ana) gene cluster. These findings were confirmed with the discovery of one ATX producing T. bourrellyi strain isolated in Norway. This strain and a further non-ATX producing Norwegian Tychonema bornetii strain tested positive for the presence of the anaF gene of the ana gene cluster. Conversely, none of the Italian and Norwegian Tychonema strains were positive for microcystins (MCs), which was also confirmed by the absence of mcyE PCR products in all the samples analysed. This work suggests that the only reliable strategy to identify cyanotoxins producers should be based on the isolation of strains and their identification with a polyphasic approach associated to a concurrent metabolomic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shams
- IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all'Adige - Fondazione E. Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy; Human and Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box X-622, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - C Capelli
- IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all'Adige - Fondazione E. Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy; Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - L Cerasino
- IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all'Adige - Fondazione E. Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
| | - A Ballot
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - D R Dietrich
- Human and Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box X-622, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - K Sivonen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, P.O.Box 56, Biocenter 1 Viikki (Viikinkaari 9), FIN-00014, Helsinki University, Finland
| | - N Salmaso
- IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all'Adige - Fondazione E. Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy.
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Shams S, Martola J, Granberg T, Li X, Shams M, Fereshtehnejad SM, Cavallin L, Aspelin P, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Wahlund LO. Cerebral microbleeds: different prevalence, topography, and risk factors depending on dementia diagnosis—the Karolinska Imaging Dementia Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 36:661-6. [PMID: 25523590 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral microbleeds are thought to represent cerebral amyloid angiopathy when in lobar regions of the brain and hypertensive arteriopathy when in deep and infratentorial locations. By studying cerebral microbleeds, their topography, and risk factors, we aimed to gain an insight into the vascular and amyloid pathology of dementia diagnoses and increase the understanding of cerebral microbleeds in dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 1504 patients (53% women; mean age, 63 ± 10 years; 10 different dementia diagnoses) in this study. All patients underwent MR imaging as part of the dementia investigation, and all their clinical parameters were recorded. RESULTS Among the 1504 patients with dementia, 22% had cerebral microbleeds. Cerebral microbleed topography was predominantly lobar (P = .01) and occipital (P = .007) in Alzheimer disease. Patients with cerebral microbleeds were significantly older (P < .001), were more frequently male (P < .001), had lower cognitive scores (P = .006), and more often had hypertension (P < .001). Risk factors for cerebral microbleeds varied depending on the dementia diagnosis. Odds ratios for having cerebral microbleeds increased with the number of risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, male sex, and age 65 and older) in the whole patient group and increased differently in the separate dementia diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence, topography, and risk factors of cerebral microbleeds vary depending on the dementia diagnosis and reflect the inherent pathology of different dementia diagnoses. Because cerebral microbleeds are seen as possible predictors of intracerebral hemorrhage, their increasing prevalence with an increasing number of risk factors, as shown in our study, may require taking the number of risk factors into account when deciding on anticoagulant therapy in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shams
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - J Martola
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - T Granberg
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - X Li
- From the Departments of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society (X.L., S.M.F., L.O.W.) Division of Clinical Geriatrics (X.L., S.M.F., L.O.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Shams
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - S M Fereshtehnejad
- From the Departments of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society (X.L., S.M.F., L.O.W.) Division of Clinical Geriatrics (X.L., S.M.F., L.O.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Cavallin
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - P Aspelin
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - M Kristoffersen-Wiberg
- Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.), Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Radiology (S.S., J.M., T.G., M.S., L.C., P.A., M.K.-W.)
| | - L O Wahlund
- From the Departments of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society (X.L., S.M.F., L.O.W.) Division of Clinical Geriatrics (X.L., S.M.F., L.O.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wadood A, Riaz M, Mulk AU, Khan M, Haleem SA, Shams S, Gul S, Ahmed A, Qasim M, Ali F, Ul-Haq Z. Design of new and potent diethyl thiobarbiturates as urease inhibitors: a computational approach. Bioinformation 2014; 10:299-307. [PMID: 24966538 PMCID: PMC4070040 DOI: 10.6026/97320630010299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Urease is an important enzyme both in agriculture and medicine research. Strategies based on urease inhibition is critically considered as the first line treatment of infections caused by urease producing bacteria. Since, urease possess agro-chemical and medicinal importance, thus, it is necessary to search for the novel compounds capable of inhibiting this enzyme. Several computational methods were employed to design novel and potent urease inhibitors in this work. First docking simulations of known compounds consists of a set of arylidine barbiturates (termed as reference) were performed on the Bacillus pasteurii (BP) urease. Subsequently, two fold strategies were used to design new compounds against urease. Stage 1 comprised of the energy minimization of enzyme-ligand complexes of reference compounds and the accurate prediction of the molecular mechanics generalized born (MMGB) interaction energies. In the second stage, new urease inhibitors were then designed by the substitution of different groups consecutively in the aryl ring of the thiobarbiturates and N, N-diethyl thiobarbiturates of the reference ligands.. The enzyme-ligand complexes with lowest interaction energies or energies close to the calculated interaction energies of the reference molecules, were selected for the consequent chemical manipulation. This was followed by the substitution of different groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the aryl ring. As a result, several new and potent diethyl thiobarbiturates were predicted as urease inhibitors. This approach reflects a logical progression for early stage drug discovery that can be exploited to successfully identify potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wadood
- Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Amir ul Mulk
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Haleem
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Gul
- Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- HEJ, Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Wadood A, Ahmed N, Shah L, Ahmad A, Hassan H, Shams S. In-silico drug design: An approach which revolutionarised the drug discovery process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.13172/2054-4057-1-1-1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Soleimani M, Shams S, Majidzadeh-A K. Developing a real-time quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay as a rapid and accurate method for detection of Brucellosis. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:828-34. [PMID: 23795718 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was designing a LAMP method for the rapid detection of Brucella and development of a sensitive quantitative-LAMP (Q-LAMP) assay for quantification of brucellosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study for the LAMP detection of the causative agent of brucellosis, we used specifically designed primers to target the omp25 conserved gene of Brucella spp. The sensitivity of the LAMP method was evaluated by preparing serial tenfold dilution of omp25 gene containing plasmid followed by performing the LAMP reaction. To improve the assay as a quantitative test, LAMP products in the serial dilution were evaluated by Loopamp real-time turbidimeter system and then standard curve was generated by plotting time threshold values against log of copy number. The assay specificity was evaluated using Brucella genomic DNA and a panel containing genomes of 11 gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. The LAMP assay was highly specific and no amplification products were observed from the non-Brucella organisms. The test sensitivity for visual detection of turbidity or fluorescent colour change and also agarose gel electrophoresis was 560 ng and 5·6 ng, respectively. The lower limit of detection was 17 copies of the gene that could be detected in 50 min. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicated that the LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, sensitive and specific technique for detection of Brucella spp. that may improve diagnostic potential in clinical laboratories. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The LAMP assay because of the simplicity and low cost can be preferred to other molecular methods in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soleimani
- Tasnim Biotechnology Research Center (TBRC), Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nasir GA, Mohsin S, Khan M, Shams S, Ali G, Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Mesenchymal stem cells and Interleukin-6 attenuate liver fibrosis in mice. J Transl Med 2013; 11:78. [PMID: 23531302 PMCID: PMC3636128 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has emerged as a promising therapy for liver fibrosis. Issues concerning poor MSC survival and engraftment in the fibrotic liver still persist and warrant development of a strategy to increase MSC potency for liver repair. The present study was designed to examine a synergistic role for Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and MSCs therapy in the recovery of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) induced injured hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Injury was induced through 3 mM and 5 mM CCl(4) treatment of cultured hepatocytes while fibrotic mouse model was established by injecting 0.5 ml/kg CCl(4) followed by treatment with IL-6 and MSCs. Effect of MSCs and IL-6 treatment on injured hepatocytes was determined by lactate dehydrogenase release, RT-PCR for (Bax, Bcl-xl, Caspase3, Cytokeratin 8, NFκB, TNF-α) and annexin V apoptotic detection. Analysis of MSC and IL-6 treatment on liver fibrosis was measured by histopathology, PAS, TUNEL and Sirius red staining, RT-PCR, and liver function tests for Bilirubin and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). RESULTS A significant reduction in LDH release and apoptosis was observed in hepatocytes treated with a combination of MSCs and IL-6 concomitant with upregulation of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-xl expression and down regulation of bax, caspase3, NFκB and TNF-α. Adoptive transfer of MSCs in fibrotic liver pretreated with IL-6 resulted increased MSCs homing and reduced fibrosis and apoptosis. Hepatic functional assessment demonstrated reduced serum levels of Bilirubin and ALP. CONCLUSION Pretreatment of fibrotic liver with IL-6 improves hepatic microenvironment and primes it for MSC transplantation leading to enhanced reduction of liver injury after fibrosis. Synergistic effect of IL-6 and MSCs seems a favored therapeutic option in attenuation of liver apoptosis and fibrosis accompanied by improved liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazanfar Ali Nasir
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gibran Ali
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen N Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ali G, Mohsin S, Khan M, Nasir GA, Shams S, Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Nitric oxide augments mesenchymal stem cell ability to repair liver fibrosis. J Transl Med 2012; 10:75. [PMID: 22533821 PMCID: PMC3419634 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver fibrosis is a major health problem worldwide and poses a serious obstacle for cell based therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent and important candidate cells for future clinical applications however success of MSC therapy depends upon their homing and survival in recipient organs. This study was designed to improve the repair potential of MSCs by transplanting them in sodium nitroprusside (SNP) pretreated mice with CCl4 induced liver fibrosis. Methods SNP 100 mM, a nitric oxide (NO) donor, was administered twice a week for 4 weeks to CCl4-injured mice. MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 wild type mice and transplanted in the left lateral lobe of the liver in experimental animals. After 4 weeks, animals were sacrificed and liver improvement was analyzed. Analysis of fibrosis by qRT-PCR and sirius red staining, homing, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serum levels between different treatment groups were compared to control. Results Liver histology demonstrated enhanced MSCs homing in SNP-MSCs group compared to MSCs group. The gene expression of fibrotic markers; αSMA, collagen 1α1, TIMP, NFκB and iNOS was down regulated while cytokeratin 18, albumin and eNOS was up-regulated in SNP-MSCs group. Combine treatment sequentially reduced fibrosis in SNP-MSCs treated liver compared to the other treatment groups. These results were also comparable with reduced serum levels of bilirubin and ALP observed in SNP-MSCs treated group. Conclusion This study demonstrated that NO effectively augments MSC ability to repair liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in mice and therefore is a better treatment regimen to reduce liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibran Ali
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ashtiani MTH, Monajemzadeh M, Saghi B, Shams S, Mortazavi SH, Khaki S, Mohseni N, Kashi L, Nikmanesh B. Prevalence of intestinal parasites among children referred to Children's Medical Center during 18 years (1991-2008), Tehran, Iran. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2012; 105:507-12. [PMID: 22185945 DOI: 10.1179/1364859411y.0000000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that parasitic inections are among the most common infections and one of the biggest health problems of the society worldwide. Children at school age have the highest morbidity compared with other ages. Therefore, by treating these children, the disease burden in the total population is reduced. In this study, prevalence of parasitic infection in children referred to Children's Medical Center was compared in different years. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the subjects were children under 13 years who were referred to Children's Medical Center Laboratory during 18 years (1991-2008) and underwent stool exam by any reason. The specimens were evaluated by different common methods of stool parasitology. In suspected cases, parasites was cultured in specific medium and stained as needed. Required data were obtained from the laboratory files and analysed according to study's purpose. Subjects were 124 366 children. Among them, 0.78% of cases had parasitic infections and 60.54% cases were male. Parasitic infections were related to protozoa in 95.33% cases and intestinal worms in 4.87%. Of them, 50.352% were pathogenic protozoa. The most parasitic infection was Giardia lamblia. Among intestinal worms, the highest prevalence was related to Hymenolepis nana (40.7%). A comparison between the first 10 years and the next 8 years of the study showed that the prevalence of intestinal parasites were 8% and 1% (P < 0.001) and the rate for protozoal infection were 14.9% and 4.3%, respectively (P < 0.001). The prevalence of intestinal parasites was reduced during recent years; however, more attempts should be performed to make it lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T H Ashtiani
- Department of Pathology, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, Iran
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