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Ahmed Salıh Gezh S, Deveci K, Sivgin H, Guzelgul F. Serum L C3-II levels in type 2 diabetic patients with impaired renal functions. Cytokine 2024; 181:156683. [PMID: 38943738 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate serum LC3-II, BCL-2, IL-1β, TGF-β1, and podocin levels in. type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with renal dysfunction. MATERIALS 176 Turkish subjects were enrolled, of whom 26 were healthy, and 150 had T2DM. PATIENTS were classified according to albumin urea ratio: 88 patients had macroalbuminuria, 20. patients had microalbuminuria, and 42 had normoalbuminuria. T2DM patients were also. classified into three groups according to proteinuria and eGFR stages. RESULTS Increased serum LC3-II levels in patients with T2DM with increased urinary albumin. extraction and impaired renal functions. There was a strong relationship between serum. LC3-II levels and serum BCL-2, IL-1β, TGF-β1, and Podocin levels. The efficiency of LC3- II as a diagnostic biomarker in the differential diagnosis of DM patients with. macroproteinuria from DM patients with normoproteinuria was 75.4%. CONCLUSIONS It was thought that increased serum LC3-II levels in T2DM patients with impaired renal. functions may cause renal podocyte damage. In these patients, serum LC3-II levels can be. evaluated as a new biomarker to follow the development of renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Ahmed Salıh Gezh
- Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 60100, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Koksal Deveci
- Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 60100, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Sivgin
- Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 60100, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Figen Guzelgul
- Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 60100, Tokat, Turkey.
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2
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Soltani-Fard E, Taghvimi S, Karimi F, Vahedi F, Khatami SH, Behrooj H, Deylami Hayati M, Movahedpour A, Ghasemi H. Urinary biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119762. [PMID: 38844018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a significant consequence of diabetes, is associated with adverse cardiovascular and renal disease as well as mortality. Although microalbuminuria is considered the best non-invasive marker for DN, better predictive markers are needed of sufficient sensitivity and specificity to detect disease in general and in early disease specifically. Even prior to appearance of microalbuminuria, urinary biomarkers increase in diabetics and can serve as accurate nephropathy biomarkers even in normoalbuminuria. In this review, a number of novel urine biomarkers including those reflecting kidney damage caused by glomerular/podocyte damage, tubular damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activation are discussed. Our review also includes emerging biomarkers such as urinary microRNAs. These short noncoding miRNAs regulate gene expression and could be utilized to identify potential novel biomarkers in DN development and progression. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Soltani-Fard
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sina Taghvimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Farzaneh Vahedi
- Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Hassan Ghasemi
- Research Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
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3
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Xu Z, Cai K, Su SL, Zhu Y, Liu F, Duan JA. Salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA synergistically improve early diabetic nephropathy through regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117356. [PMID: 37890803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes, which lacks effective treatment. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma is one of the key compatible traditional Chinese medicine in the prescription for the treatment of DN. Salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA are two monomer active components with high content and clear structure in Salvia miltiorrhiza, which can effectively improve early (DN), respectively. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the compatible effect of salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA on early DN rats and elucidate the mechanism. METHODS Early DN rats were induced by streptozotocin combined with high glucose and high fat diet, and intervened by salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA and their combinations. The pathological sections of kidney, liver and biochemical indexes were analyzed. Network pharmacology method was used to predict the possible mechanism. The mechanisms were elucidated by metabolomics, Elisa, and Western blot. RESULTS Given our analysis, salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA can synergistically regulate 24 h UTP, Urea and Scr and improve kidney damage in early DN rats. The metabolic abnormalities of early DN rats were improved by regulating the biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, alanine, and arachidonic acid. Salvianolic acid B combined with tanshinone IIA at a mass ratio of 13.4:1 can significantly reduce kidney inflammation, up-regulate p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt and down-regulate p-NF-κB/NF-κB, which better than the single-used group and can be reversed by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSION Salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA can synergistically improve glucose and lipid disorders, liver and kidney damage, and resist kidney inflammation in early DN rats, and the mechanism may be related to regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ke Cai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu-Lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce, Xianyang, 710061, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Paul P, Chacko L, Dua TK, Chakraborty P, Paul U, Phulchand V, Jha NK, Jha SK, Kandimalla R, Dewanjee S. Nanomedicines for the management of diabetic nephropathy: present progress and prospects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1236686. [PMID: 38027185 PMCID: PMC10656621 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM), posing an encumbrance to public health worldwide. Control over the onset and progress of DN depend heavily on early detection and effective treatment. DN is a major contributor to end-stage renal disease, and a complete cure is yet to be achieved with currently available options. Though some therapeutic molecules have exhibited promise in treating DN complications, their poor solubility profile, low bioavailability, poor permeation, high therapeutic dose and associated toxicity, and low patient compliance apprehend their clinical usefulness. Recent research has indicated nano-systems as potential theranostic platforms displaying futuristic promise in the diagnosis and treatment of DN. Early and accurate diagnosis, site-specific delivery and retention by virtue of ligand conjugation, and improved pharmacokinetic profile are amongst the major advantages of nano-platforms, defining their superiority. Thus, the emergence of nanoparticles has offered fresh approaches to the possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies regarding DN. The present review corroborates an updated overview of different types of nanocarriers regarding potential approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
| | - Leena Chacko
- BioAnalytical Lab, Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Tarun K. Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Udita Paul
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Vishwakarma Vishal Phulchand
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Niraj K. Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh K. Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana, India
- Department of Applied Biology, Indian Institute of Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Raimundo JRS, da Costa Aguiar Alves B, Encinas JFA, Siqueira AM, de Gois KC, Perez MM, Petri G, Dos Santos JFR, Fonseca FLA, da Veiga GL. Expression of TNFR1, VEGFA, CD147 and MCT1 as early biomarkers of diabetes complications and the impact of aging on this profile. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17927. [PMID: 37863950 PMCID: PMC10589356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia leads to microvascular lesions in various tissues. In diabetic nephropathy-DN, alterations in usual markers reflect an already installed disease. The study of new biomarkers for the early detection of diabetic complications can bring new prevention perspectives. Rats were divided into diabetic adult-DMA-or elderly-DME and control sham adult-CSA-or control sham elderly-CSE. Blood and urine samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Bulbar region, cardiac, hepatic and renal tissues were collected for target gene expression studies. As result, DMA showed decreased TNFR1, MCT1 and CD147 expression in the bulbar region, TNFR1 in the heart, VEGFA and CD147 in the kidney and TNFR1 in blood. Positive correlations were found between TNFR1 and MCT1 in the bulbar region and HbA1c and plasma creatinine, respectively. DME showed positive correlation in the bulbar region between TNFR1 and glycemia, in addition to negative correlations between CD147 in the heart versus glycemia and urea. We concluded that the initial hyperglycemic stimulus already promotes changes in the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory and metabolic pathways, and aging alters this profile. These changes prior to the onset of diseases such as DN, show that they have potential for early biomarkers studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Regina Santos Raimundo
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz da Costa Aguiar Alves
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Freitas Araujo Encinas
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Andressa Moreira Siqueira
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Katharyna Cardoso de Gois
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Matheus Moreira Perez
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Petri
- Vivarium and Animal Experimentation Laboratory-Faculdade de Medicina Do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - José Francisco Ramos Dos Santos
- Vivarium and Animal Experimentation Laboratory-Faculdade de Medicina Do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP, Campus Diadema, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema, SP, 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Luciano da Veiga
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
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Sun J, Hu W, Ye S, Deng D, Chen M. The Description and Prediction of Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality, Disability-Adjusted Life Years Cases, and Corresponding Age-Standardized Rates for Global Diabetes. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2023; 13:566-576. [PMID: 37400673 PMCID: PMC10469163 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is a life-long disease that poses a serious threat to safety and health. We aimed to assess the disease burden attributable to diabetes globally and by different subgroups, and to predict future disease burden using statistical models. METHODS This study was divided into three stages. Firstly, we evaluated the disease burden attributable to diabetes globally and by different subgroups in 2019. Second, we assessed the trends from 1990 to 2019. We estimated the annual percentage change of disease burden by applying a linear regression model. Finally, the age-period-cohort model was used to predict the disease burden from 2020 to 2044. Sensitivity analysis was performed with time-series models. RESULTS In 2019, the number of incidence cases of diabetes globally was 22239396 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 20599519-24058945). The number of prevalence cases was 459875371 (95% UI 423474244-497980624) the number of deaths cases was 1551170 (95% UI 1445555-1650675) and the number of disability-adjusted life years cases was 70880155 (95% UI 59707574-84174005). The disease burden was lower in females than males and increased with age. The disease burden associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus was greater than that with type 1; the burden also varied across different socio-demographic index regions and different countries. The global disease burden of diabetes increased significantly over the past 30 years and will continue to increase in the future. CONCLUSION The disease burden of diabetes contributed significantly to the global disease burden. It is important to improve treatment and diagnosis to halt the growth in disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianran Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Science and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Wan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Science and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Datong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
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Mirabedini S, Musavi H, Makhlough A, Hashemi-Sooteh MB, Zargari M. Association of S19W polymorphism in APOA5 gene and serum lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023; 44:243-249. [PMID: 36855913 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetic Mellitus (T2DM) is the most common systemic and endocrine disease in humans, and diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious complications of this disorder. The polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) gene are strongly related to hypertriglyceridemia and are considered a predisposing factor for diabetic nephropathy. The current study proposed to examine the association of APOA5-S19W polymorphism with serum lipids levels in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy in Mazandaran province. METHODS This case-control study was designed to determine the association of APOA5-S19W polymorphism with plasma lipid profile in 161 T2DM patients with nephropathy (DN+), without nephropathy (DN-), and in 58 healthy individuals. Lipid profile values were measured using Pars Azmoun commercial kits. S19W variant, one of the polymorphisms of the APOA5 gene, was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Taq1 restriction enzyme. RESULTS In comparison between the three groups, DN+ had a higher mean TG than DN- and the control group (p<0.001). The incidence of the G allele in DN+ was not significant compared to groups of DN-. Comparing the relationship between the mean of biochemical variables with CC and CG genotypes showed that the mean level of TG in people with CC genotype was increased compared to people with CG genotype in diabetic patients. However, this increase was not significant (p=0.19). CONCLUSIONS There was no association between SNP APOA5 S19W and serum lipids in diabetic patients with and without nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivasadat Mirabedini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hadis Musavi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Atieh Makhlough
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Bagher Hashemi-Sooteh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehryar Zargari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Asghar S, Asghar S, Mahmood T, Bukhari SMH, Mumtaz MH, Rasheed A. Microalbuminuria as the Tip of Iceberg in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Associated Diabetic Complications. Cureus 2023; 15:e43190. [PMID: 37692611 PMCID: PMC10485877 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microalbuminuria (MA) is an important clinical marker for the early detection of kidney damage in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), also known as urine microalbumin, is a sign of diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is a prevalent complication of diabetes and can result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) if not managed. The prevalence of MA in T2DM has been steadily increasing worldwide, making it a significant public health concern. The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MA and its relationship to hypertension and other diabetic complications among people with T2DM. Methodology This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from February 5, 2022, to February 10, 2023, to analyse data from T2DM patients who visited the outpatient diabetic clinic of Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan. This study included a total of 640 patients, aged 35-60 years, who had been diagnosed with T2DM for at least five years and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, blood pressure (BP) measurements, and laboratory investigations were collected. MA was assessed based on the ACR in a spot urine sample of more than 30 mg/l. Blood pressure greater than 140/90 or already taking anti-hypertensives was taken to constitute hypertension. Factors associated with MA like hypertension, gender, mode of diabetes treatment, duration of diabetes, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), dyslipidemia, and other diabetic complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy were also recorded. Results The prevalence of MA in this study of T2DM patients study was 39.1%. The mean age of the participants with MA was 53.9 with a standard deviation (SD) of 6.1 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 10.1 years (SD 6.2 years); 101 (33.4%) males (n=302) and 103 (30.5%) females (n=338) had MA. There was a statistically significant correlation between MA > 30mg/d and hypertension (p = <0.001), diabetes duration since diagnosis (p=0.04), HbA1C level (p = <0.001), dyslipidemia (p=0.001), therapy type (p = <0.001), triglyceridemia (p = 0.03), history of diabetes retinopathy (p= <0.002), and peripheral neuropathy (p= <0.001). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between MA and age (p = 0.56), female gender (p = 0.08), low- and high-density lipids, or statin use (p = 0.06). Conclusion The prevalence of microalbuminuria among T2DM patients is significantly high (39.1%) and is positively correlated with various factors such as male gender, hypertension, suboptimal control of diabetes mellitus, high HbA1c levels, longer disease duration, dyslipidemia with high triglycerides, treatment modalities of T2DM, and other diabetic complications like neuropathy and retinopathy. As diabetes is very prevalent in our country, the number of patients with diabetic kidney disease will rise significantly in the near future, leading to ESRD and other diabetic complications, and immediate intervention is needed to prevent this. Further research is warranted to explore potential interventions and evaluate their impact on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Asghar
- Gastroenterology, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, GBR
| | - Shoaib Asghar
- Internal Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, PAK
| | - Tayyab Mahmood
- Geriatric Medicine, King's College Hospital, NHS foundation Trust, London, GBR
| | | | | | - Ali Rasheed
- Colorectal Surgery, King's College Hospital, NHS foundation Trust, London, GBR
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9
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Song M, Chen Y. Local anaesthetic procaine derivatives protect rat against diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of DPP-4, inflammation and oxidative stress. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:26-37. [PMID: 37076428 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious devastating disease. However, the current clinical options to treat DN are not adequate. Thus, in the present study, we intend to develop novel series of procaine-embedded thiazole-pyrazoles as protective agent against DN. The compounds were tested for inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4, -8, and - 9 enzyme subtypes, where they selectively and potently inhibit DPP-4 as compared to other subtypes. The top three ranked DPP-4 inhibitors (8i, 8e and 8k) were further screened for inhibitory activity against NF-ĸB transcription. Among these three, compound 8i was identified as the most potent NF-ĸB inhibitor. The pharmacological benefit of compound 8i was further established in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Compound 8i showed marked improvements in blood glucose, ALP, ALT, total protein, serum lipid profile such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL levels and renal functions such as urine volume, urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine clearance as compared to nontreated diabetic control group. It also reduces oxidative stress (MDA, SOD and GPx) and inflammation (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in the rats as compared to disease control group rats. This study demonstrated the discovery of procaine-embedded thiazole-pyrazole compounds as a novel class of agent against diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Zhou H, Mu L, Yang Z, Shi Y. Identification of a novel immune landscape signature as effective diagnostic markers related to immune cell infiltration in diabetic nephropathy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113212. [PMID: 36969169 PMCID: PMC10030848 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe study aimed to identify core biomarkers related to diagnosis and immune microenvironment regulation and explore the immune molecular mechanism of diabetic nephropathy (DN) through bioinformatics analysis.MethodsGSE30529, GSE99325, and GSE104954 were merged with removing batch effects, and different expression genes (DEGs) were screened at a criterion |log2FC| >0.5 and adjusted P <0.05. KEGG, GO, and GSEA analyses were performed. Hub genes were screened by conducting PPI networks and calculating node genes using five algorithms with CytoHubba, followed by LASSO and ROC analysis to accurately identify diagnostic biomarkers. In addition, two different GEO datasets, GSE175759 and GSE47184, and an experiment cohort with 30 controls and 40 DN patients detected by IHC, were used to validate the biomarkers. Moreover, ssGSEA was performed to analyze the immune microenvironment in DN. Wilcoxon test and LASSO regression were used to determine the core immune signatures. The correlation between biomarkers and crucial immune signatures was calculated by Spearman analysis. Finally, cMap was used to explore potential drugs treating renal tubule injury in DN patients.ResultsA total of 509 DEGs, including 338 upregulated and 171 downregulated genes, were screened out. “chemokine signaling pathway” and “cell adhesion molecules” were enriched in both GSEA and KEGG analysis. CCR2, CX3CR1, and SELP, especially for the combination model of the three genes, were identified as core biomarkers with high diagnostic capabilities with striking AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in both merged and validated datasets and IHC validation. Immune infiltration analysis showed a notable infiltration advantage for APC co-stimulation, CD8+ T cells, checkpoint, cytolytic activity, macrophages, MHC class I, and parainflammation in the DN group. In addition, the correlation analysis showed that CCR2, CX3CR1, and SELP were strongly and positively correlated with checkpoint, cytolytic activity, macrophages, MHC class I, and parainflammation in the DN group. Finally, dilazep was screened out as an underlying compound for DN analyzed by CMap.ConclusionsCCR2, CX3CR1, and SELP are underlying diagnostic biomarkers for DN, especially in their combination. APC co-stimulation, CD8+ T cells, checkpoint, cytolytic activity, macrophages, MHC class I, and parainflammation may participate in the occurrence and development of DN. At last, dilazep may be a promising drug for treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huandi Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Mu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifen Yang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Yonghong Shi,
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Hajishizari S, Mirzababaei A, Abaj F, Khosroshahi RA, Barekzai AM, Worm N, Abbasy M, Mirzaei K. The association between a low-carbohydrate diet score and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in women: A case-control study. Nutrition 2023; 107:111930. [PMID: 36584662 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Because evidence linking carbohydrate consumption to diabetic nephropathy (DN) is scarce, and the association between a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and DN has not been investigated, we sought to investigate whether a higher LCD score is associated with DN among women. METHODS In a case-control study, 105 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and DN and 105 controls with type 2 diabetes mellitus and without DN who attended Kowsar Diabetes Clinic in Semnan, Iran, were matched for age and diabetes duration. The data related to anthropometric and biochemical measures were collected and a food frequency questionnaire with 147 items was used to assess dietary intake. Based on the food frequency questionnaire, we calculated an LCD score for each study participant. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the association between an LCD score and the odds of developing DN. RESULTS The results of the study demonstrated that the LCD score was not significantly associated with DN in the crude model (odds ratio = 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.14-1.07; P = 0.06). However, after adjusting for several confounders, subjects in the top quartile of the LCD score were associated with a 71% lower risk of DN (odds ratio [OR] = 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.86; P = 0.02). A significant trend toward decreased urinary albumin excretion was found with an increase in the LCD score (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS A diet low in carbohydrates was inversely associated with risk of DN. Further observational studies, and preferably randomized controlled trials, are needed to confirm the present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hajishizari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Amiri Khosroshahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nicolai Worm
- Department of Nutrition, German University of Applied Sciences for Prevention and Health Care Management, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Maryam Abbasy
- National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Jin J, Wang L, Liu Y, He W, Zheng D, Ni Y, He Q. Depiction of immune heterogeneity of peripheral blood from patients with type II diabetic nephropathy based on mass cytometry. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1018608. [PMID: 36686486 PMCID: PMC9853014 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1018608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most prominent cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. However, the pathophysiology of DN, especially the risk factors for early onset remains elusive. Increasing evidence has revealed the role of the innate immune system in developing DN, but relatively little is known about early immunological change that proceeds from overt DN. Herein, this work aims to investigate the immune-driven pathogenesis of DN using mass cytometry (CyTOF). The peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes (PBMC) from 6 patients with early-stage nephropathy and 7 type II diabetes patients without nephropathy were employed in the CyTOF test. A panel that contains 38 lineage markers was designed to monitor immune protein levels in PBMC. The unsupervised clustering analysis was performed to profile the proportion of individual cells. t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) was used to visualize the differences in DN patients' immune phenotypes. Comprehensive immune profiling revealed substantial immune system alterations in the early onset of DN, including the significant decline of B cells and the marked increase of monocytes. The level of CXCR3 was dramatically reduced in the different immune cellular subsets. The CyTOF data classified the fine-grained differential immune cell subsets in the early stage of DN. Innovatively, we identified several significant changed T cells, B cell, and monocyte subgroups in the early-stage DN associated with several potential biomarkers for developing DN, such as CTLA-4, CXCR3, PD-1, CD39, CCR4, and HLA-DR. Correlation analysis further demonstrated the robust relationship between above immune cell biomarkers and clinical parameters in the DN patients. Therefore, we provided a convincible view of understanding the immune-driven early pathogenesis of DN. Our findings exhibited that patients with DN are more susceptible to immune system disorders. The classification of fine-grained immune cell subsets in this present research might provide novel targets for the immunotherapy of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longqiang Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenfang He
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danna Zheng
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Li S, Xie H, Shi Y, Liu H. Prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in the diabetes mellitus population: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31232. [PMID: 36281143 PMCID: PMC9592388 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide, placing enormous pressure on healthcare systems and creating a heavy socioeconomic burden. It is urgent to comprehensively study the epidemiological characteristics of DN in diabetic patients and to analyze the related factors to its incidence in order to implement effective prevention and control measures. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Computer-aided searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases will be performed for prospective cohort studies reporting the prevalence of DN in diabetic populations. Studies will be pooled using a generalized linear mixed model, and a single proportion of included studies will be calculated to derive the overall incidence of DN in the diabetic population, and to analyze the effect of different factors on the incidence of DN. Publication bias will be assessed using a funnel plot combined with Begg test. Sensitivity analyses will be performed using the separation method, the exclusion of low-quality studies, and the trim and fill method. RESULTS The primary outcome will be the prevalence of DN in the diabetic population; secondary outcomes will be the influence of factors such as age, gender, region, ethnicity, duration of diabetes, type of diabetes, baseline body mass index, baseline glycated hemoglobin level, baseline blood pressure, quality of included studies, and follow-up time on the prevalence of DN in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, the study will more comprehensively obtain the prevalence of DN in diabetic populations worldwide, and gain a deeper understanding of the differences in the prevalence of DN in diabetic populations with different characteristics, so as to provide evidence for the management of diabetes and the prevention of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Li
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huidi Xie
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongfang Liu, No. 5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China (e-mail: )
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14
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Zhu J, Yang T, Luo J, Wei M, Li H, Qi Y, He J, Chen M. Effects of Shenkang Injection Combined with Jinshuibao on Early Diabetic Nephropathy and Effects on Coagulation Fibrinolysis System and Urinary Protein. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:3958049. [PMID: 36267091 PMCID: PMC9578825 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3958049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To explore the effect of Shenkang injection (SKI) combined with Jinshuibao for early diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its effect on the coagulation fibrinolysis system and urinary protein. Methods 136 patients with early DN admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to October 2019 were divided into the observation group (n = 68) and the control group (n = 68) randomly. On the basis of the conventional treatment, the control group was treated with SKI, and the observation group was treated with SKI and Jinshuibao. Two weeks later, the therapeutic effects of the 2 groups were compared. The prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (FIB), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and D-dimer (D-D) were observed and compared before and after the treatment. 24 hour urine total protein (24 h-UTP), urine albumin excretion rate (UAER), and urine β 2 microglobulin (β 2-MG) were measured and compared before and after the treatment. Adverse reactions in the two groups were recorded during the treatment. Results The effective rate of the observation group after treatment was 92.65% higher than the control group 79.41%. the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of PT, APTT, TT, FIB, PAI-1, and D-D in the two groups after treatment were lower, and t-PA levels after treatment were higher than those before, and all of the above indicators were significantly changed in the observation group than in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The 24 h-UTP, UAER, and β 2-MG in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before, and all of the above indicators were significantly changed in the observation group than in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference during the treatment for 2 groups in terms of adverse reactions. The difference was statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion SKI combined with Jinshuibao has a significant effect in the treatment of early DN, which can reduce the risk of hyperfunction of coagulation and fibrinolysis system, further reduce the content of urine protein, and delay the process of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Mian Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Hanyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Jiali He
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
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15
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Zharikova GV, Zharikov AY, Mazko ON, Makarova OG, Bobrov IP, Kalnitsky AS. Nephroprotective Effect of Leu-Ile-Lys Tripeptide in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 173:210-214. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Hassan AJ, Ajeel Hazzaa S, Alden Ahmed DN. Vitamin D as predictor Marker of kidney disease in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.02.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work was done to determine the correlation between vitamin D and cystatin C as a predictor of kidney disease in males with diabetes mellitus. A total of 60 males were taken from October to December 2018. They were divided into 30 patients with type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy volunteers' as a control group. Glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, plasma glucose level, creatinine and urea were measured for all subjects. Also, levels of 25(OH) D and cystatin-c were determined using the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay method. In this current study, as expected, patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly higher (p< 0.001) fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index (BMI), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels as compared to the age-matched controls group. In addition, a significantly higher increase in the average level of urea, creatinine, and cystatin-c while significant higher decreases in vitamin D concentration compared to the patients group with the control group were found. A significant negative correlation was found between 25(OH) D and urea levels.
On the other hand, a significant positive correlation was observed between the 25(OH) D level and HbA1c, FBG, cystatin-c and creatinine. From the results of this work, vitamin D could be a valuable predictor of nephropathy in males with diabetes mellitus. Likewise, further work is required to suggest that vitamin D may be prone to nephropathy in all patients with diabetes mellitus by estimating cystatin C as a clinical risk for kidney function.
Keywords: Nephropathy, cystatin C, vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer J. Hassan
- Middle Technical University, Medical Technical Institute –Baghdad
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17
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AL-sofi ES, AL-Attar HY.. Determination of cumulative glucose levels HbA1C and some biochemical variables in the serum of Diabetic nephropathy patients. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.02.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The study included measuring the concentrations of each of the cumulative sugar HbA1C Glycosylated hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, glucose uric acid, albumin, total protein and calcium, in addition to identifying the concentrations of some electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium) in (35) blood samples from patients with diabetic nephropathy (14 males, 12 females) aged (16-62) years who came to some laboratories in the city of Mosul and compared them to control samples (26) samples. The results showed a significant increase in cumulative sugar, uric acid, glucose and potassium concentrations in the serum of patients of both sexes. An insignificant increase in urea and creatinine concentrations and a significant decrease in albumin, sodium and chloride concentrations, while calcium and total protein did not show a significant difference compared to control samples. When comparing cases of infection between males and females, the results showed a significant increase in the cumulative sugar level for males and an insignificant increase in glucose concentration. In contrast, creatinine, uric acid, total protein and albumin did not significantly differ for males compared to infected females.
Keywords cumulative glucose, biochemical variables, Diabetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S. AL-sofi
- University of Mosul, College of Science, Department of Biology. Iraq
| | - Huda Y . AL-Attar
- University of Mosul, College of Science, Department of Biology. Iraq
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Quan KY, Yap CG, Jahan NK, Pillai N. Review of early circulating biomolecules associated with diabetes nephropathy - Ideal candidates for early biomarker array test for DN. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 182:109122. [PMID: 34742785 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the catastrophic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 45% of DN patients progressed to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) which robs casualties of the quality of live. The challenge in early diagnosis of DN is it is asymptomatic in the early phase. Current gold standard test for screening and diagnosis of DN are nonspecific and are not sensitive in detecting DN early enough and subsequently monitor renal function during management and intervention plans. Recent studies reported various biomolecules which are associated with the onset of DN in T2DM using cutting-edge technologies. These biomolecules could be potential early biomarkers for DN. This review selectively identified potential early serum biomolecules which are potential candidates for developing an Early Biomarker Array Test for DN. METHODS An advanced literature search was conducted on 4 online databases. Search terms used were "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Diabetic nephropathy", "pathogenesis" and "early biomarker. Filters were applied to capture articles published from 2010 to 2020, written in English, human or animal models and focused on serum biomolecules associated with DN. RESULTS Five serum biomolecules have been evidently described as contributing pivotal roles in the pathophysiology of DN. MiR-377, miR-99b, CYP2E1, TGF-β1 and periostin are potential candidates for designing an early biomarker array for screening and diagnosis of early stages of DN. The five shortlisted biomolecules originates from endogenous biochemical processes which are specific to the progressive pathophysiology of DN. CONCLUSION miR-377, miR-99b, CYP2E1, TGF-β1 and periostin are potential candidate biomolecules for diagnosing DN at the early phases and can be developed into a panel of endogenous biomarkers for early detection of DN in patients with T2DM. The outcomes of this study will be a stepping stone towards planning and developing an early biomarker array test for diabetic nephropathy. The proposed panel of early biomarkers for DN has potential of stratifying the stages of DN because each biomolecule appears at distinct stages in the pathophysiology of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Ying Quan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Christina Gertrude Yap
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nowrozy Kamar Jahan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Naganathan Pillai
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Aziz M, Jalilpiran Y, Nekouimehr M, Fattahi S, Mokhtari P, Jayedi A, Yekaninejad MS, Mirzaei K. Dietary protein sources and risk of diabetic nephropathy in women: A case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:174. [PMID: 34452618 PMCID: PMC8393448 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have investigated the association between dietary protein and the risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN); however, there is no agreement on the type of dietary protein sources that might increase the risk of DN. This study was conducted to investigate the associations between different protein sources and the odds of DN developing in Iranian women with existing type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this case-control study, 105 women with DN and 105 controls, matched for age and diabetes duration, were selected from the Kowsar Diabetes Clinic in Semnan, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Dietary protein patterns were estimated using the factor analysis method. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the association between protein patterns and the odds of developing DN. RESULTS Two patterns were identified: the Mediterranean-based Dietary Protein Sources (MDPS) pattern which is rich in low-fat dairy, fish, poultry, soy, and legumes, and the Western-based Dietary Protein Sources (WDPS) pattern, rich in red and processed meats, eggs, and high-fat dairy. After adjusting for several confounders, greater adherence (third vs. the first tertile) to the MDPS pattern was associated with lower odds of DN (OR = 0.03; 95 % CI: 0.00, 0.10). In contrast, a strong positive association was observed between adherence to the WDPS pattern and DN (OR = 2.81; 95 % CI: 1.09-7.21). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that there is a potential association between the type of protein sources consumed and the odds of DN development in women with type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Aziz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yahya Jalilpiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nekouimehr
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaahin Fattahi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pari Mokhtari
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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L-ergothioneine and its combination with metformin attenuates renal dysfunction in type-2 diabetic rat model by activating Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111921. [PMID: 34346315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
L-ergothioneine (L-egt) is a bioactive compound recently approved by the food and drug administration as a supplement. L-egt exerts potent cyto-protective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in tissues exposed to injury, while metformin is a first-line prescription in type-2 diabetes. Therefore, the present study investigated the protective effect of L-egt alone, or combined with metformin, on renal damage in a type-2 diabetic (T2D) rat model. T2D was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats using the fructose-streptozotocin rat model. L-egt administration, alone or combined with metformin, began after confirming diabetes and was administered orally for seven weeks. After the experiment, all animals were euthanized by decapitation, blood samples were collected, and both kidneys were excised. Biochemical analysis, Enzyme-link Immunoassay (ELISA), Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting, and histological analyses were done to evaluate various biomarkers and structural changes associated with renal damage. Untreated diabetic rats showed loss of kidney functions characterized by increased serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, triglycerides, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and decreased antioxidant enzymes. Histological evaluation showed evidence of fibrosis, mesangial expansion, and damaged basement membrane in the nephrons. However, L-egt alleviates these functional and structural derangements in the kidney, while co-administration with metformin reduced hyperglycemia and improves therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, L-egt treatment significantly increased the expression of major antioxidant transcription factors, cytoprotective genes and decreased the expression of inflammatory genes in the kidney. Thus, combining L-egt and metformin may improve therapeutic efficacy and be used as an adjuvant therapy to alleviate renal damage in type-2 diabetes.
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Araújo Encinas JF, Foncesca Peiró CH, Perez MM, Santos Raimundo JR, de Gois KC, Peres MC, Draghi PF, Costas Arcia CG, Simões DP, Murad N, da Costa Aguiar Alves B, Affonso Fonseca FL, Luciano da Veiga G. Does nebivolol have renoprotective action in patients with chronic kidney disease conditions? An integrative review. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 905:174180. [PMID: 34015319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin and one of the main risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), which are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pharmacological treatment of SAH involves five main classes of drugs, and Nebivolol (NEB) is one of those drugs, belonging to the class of third generation β1-adrenoceptors selective blockers. NEB is composed of a racemic mixture of two enantiomers: d-nebivolol, which exerts antagonist effects on β1-adrenoceptors, and l-nebivolol, a vascular β3 receptor agonist. There are several studies that report different actions of NEB, not only for the treatment of SAH, but also as an antioxidant agent or even as a protector of renal damage. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the available evidence regarding the effects of NEB on kidney diseases, evaluating its possible renoprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matheus Moreira Perez
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas - Centro Universitário Saúde ABC/FMABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marina Cristina Peres
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas - Centro Universitário Saúde ABC/FMABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | | | - Diogo Pimenta Simões
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas - Centro Universitário Saúde ABC/FMABC, Santo André, Brazil; Universidade Municipal de São Caetano Do Sul/USCS, São Caetano Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Neif Murad
- Setor de Cardiologia - Centro Universitário Saúde ABC/FMABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas - Centro Universitário Saúde ABC/FMABC, Santo André, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, Diadema, Brazil
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22
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Xiong Y, Zhu W, Xu Q, Ruze R, Yan Z, Li J, Hu S, Zhong M, Cheng Y, Zhang G. Sleeve Gastrectomy Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy by Upregulating Nephrin Expressions in Diabetic Obese Rats. Obes Surg 2021; 30:2893-2904. [PMID: 32399849 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is considered to be an effective strategy to improve pre-existing DN. However, the mechanism remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animal model of DN was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). SG or sham surgery was performed and rats were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. The basic parameters (blood glucose, body weight, kidney weight), indicators of renal function including serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine microalbumin, urine creatinine (Ucr), microalbumin creatinine ratio (UACR), ultrastructural changes of glomerulus, and the expression of nephrin gene and protein in glomerular podocytes were compared among groups. RESULTS Blood glucose and body weight of SG rats were significantly lower than those of the sham-operated rats, and renal function of SG groups were also significantly improved within the postoperative period of 12 weeks. The results of periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that glomerular hypertrophy and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins were significantly alleviated after SG, and the thickness of basement membrane and the fusion or effacement of foot processes were also significantly improved. The mRNA and protein expression of nephrin in SG groups was significantly higher than that in the sham group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SG attenuates DN by upregulating the expression of nephrin and improving the ultrastructure of glomerular filtration membrane. This study indicates that SG can be used as an available therapeutic intervention for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacheng Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Shandong Medical College, Jucai 6# Road, Linyi, 276000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766#, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mingwei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766#, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yugang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766#, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guangyong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766#, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
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23
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Darwish NM, Elnahas YM, AlQahtany FS. Diabetes induced renal complications by leukocyte activation of nuclear factor κ-B and its regulated genes expression. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:541-549. [PMID: 33424337 PMCID: PMC7783672 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disorder characterized by inappropriate insulin function. Despite wide progress in genome studies, defects in gene expression for diabetes prognosis still incompletely identified. Prolonged hyperglycemia activates NF-κB, which is a main player in vascular dysfunctions of diabetes. Activated NF-κB, triggers expression of various genes that promote inflammation and cell adhesion process. Alteration of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic gene expression contribute to the irreversible functional and structural changes in the kidney resulting in diabetic nephropathy (DN). To identify the effect of some important NF-κB related genes on mediation of DN progression, we divided our candidate genes on the basis of their function exerted in bloodstream into three categories (Proinflammatory; NF-κB, IL-1B, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF); (Profibrotic; FN, ICAM-1, VCAM-1) and (Proliferative; MAPK-1 and EGF). We analyzed their expression profile in leukocytes of patients and explored their correlation to diabetic kidney injury features. Our data revealed the overexpression of both proinflammatory and profibrotic genes in DN group when compared to T2D group and were associated positively with each other in DN group indicating their possible role in DN progression. In DN patients, increased expression of proinflammatory genes correlated positively with glycemic control and inflammatory markers indicating their role in DN progression. Our data revealed that the persistent activation NF-κB and its related genes observed in hyperglycemia might contribute to DN progression and might be a good diagnostic and therapeutic target for DN progression. Large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the potential of these molecules to serve as disease biomarkers.
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Key Words
- 2hPPBG, 2 h post prandial blood glucose.
- ACR, albumin creatinine ratio
- BMI, body mass index.
- DBP, Diastolic blood pressure.
- DN, diabetic nephropathy.
- FBS, fasting blood glucose.
- FN
- HDL, High density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
- HbA1c, Glycosylated hemoglobin.
- ICAM-1
- IL-1β
- IL-6
- LDL, Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
- M, male, F, female.
- NF-κB
- S.Cr, serum creatinine.
- SBP, Systolic blood pressure.
- T2D, type 2 diabetes mellitus without nephropathy.
- TC, total cholesterol.
- TGs, Triglyceride.
- TNF-α
- VCAM-1
- VEGF
- VLDL, Very low-density lipoprotein.
- e-GFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura M. Darwish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566, Egypt
- Ministry of Health Laboratories, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Yousif M. Elnahas
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Medical City, Riyadh 24251, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah S. AlQahtany
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 24251, Saudi Arabia
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Mertowski S, Lipa P, Morawska I, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P, Bębnowska D, Hrynkiewicz R, Grywalska E, Roliński J, Załuska W. Toll-Like Receptor as a Potential Biomarker in Renal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186712. [PMID: 32933213 PMCID: PMC7554805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges faced by modern nephrology is the identification of biomarkers associated with histopathological patterns or defined pathogenic mechanisms that may assist in the non-invasive diagnosis of kidney disease, particularly glomerulopathy. The identification of such molecules may allow prognostic subgroups to be established based on the type of disease, thereby predicting response to treatment or disease relapse. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of diseases, such as membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA (immunoglobulin A) nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy, along with the progressive development and standardization of plasma and urine proteomics techniques, have facilitated the identification of an increasing number of molecules that may be useful for these purposes. The growing number of studies on the role of TLR (toll-like receptor) receptors in the pathogenesis of kidney disease forces contemporary researchers to reflect on these molecules, which may soon join the group of renal biomarkers and become a helpful tool in the diagnosis of glomerulopathy. In this article, we conducted a thorough review of the literature on the role of TLRs in the pathogenesis of glomerulopathy. The role of TLR receptors as potential marker molecules for the development of neoplastic diseases is emphasized more and more often, as prognostic factors in diseases on several epidemiological backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (P.N.-R.); (E.G.)
| | - Paulina Lipa
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Morawska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (P.N.-R.); (E.G.)
| | - Dominika Bębnowska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Rafał Hrynkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (P.N.-R.); (E.G.)
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Wojciech Załuska
- Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
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25
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Rabieenia E, Jalali R, Mohammadi M. Prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on geographic information system (GIS). Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1543-1550. [PMID: 32947753 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diabetic nephropathy are one of the most important causes of renal failure and dysfunction in diabetic patients and imposes high costs for the healthcare system. Studies conducted in Iran show different prevalence. This study aims to determine the overall prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran with a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The present study was carried out by meta-analysis from January 2000 to May 2020. Related articles were obtained through searching in Scopus, Cochrane, Library, ScienceDirect, Embase, SID, Magiran, Barakatkns, Medline (PubMed), and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity of studies was studied using I2 index and data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and Arc map (ArcGIS 10.6) software. RESULTS In a review of 18 articles and 6190 subjects aged 20-83 years, the overall prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran was 30.6% (95%CI: 24.3-37.7) based on a meta-analysis. The highest prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes was obtained in Tehran province with 57.3% (95%CI: 51.5-62.9) in 2008 and the lowest prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes was obtained in Hamedan province with 14.4% (95%CI: 11.3-18.8) in 2016. An increase in sample size and research year reduces the prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran, and differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Considering the high prevalence of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran, it is essential that health policymakers take effective measures to reduce this disease in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rabieenia
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Rostam Jalali
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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26
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Wang S, Lu Z, Wang Y, Zhang T, He X. Metalloproteins and apolipoprotein C: candidate plasma biomarkers of T2DM screened by comparative proteomics and lipidomics in ZDF rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:66. [PMID: 32817751 PMCID: PMC7425165 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00488-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still difficult. Screening of plasma biomarkers has great significance of optimizing diagnosis and predicting the complications of T2DM. Methods We used a special diet, Purina #5008, to induce diabetes in Zucker leptin receptor gene-deficient rats (fa/fa) to establish Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, simulating the early stage of T2DM. The differentially expressed proteins (DEP) and lipids (DEL), as potential biomarkers, were screened to compare the plasma expression levels in ZDF rats and their basic diet-fed wild-type controls (fa/+) by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results These two groups had different plasma proteins and lipids profiles consisting of 84 DEPs and, 179 DELs identified in the positive ion mode and 178 DELs in the negative ion mode, respectively. Enrichment analysis of these different indicators showed that oxidative stress, insulin resistance and metabolic disorders of glycan and lipid played an important role in generating the difference. Some markers can be used as candidate biomarkers in prediction and treatments of T2DM, such as ceruloplasmin, apolipoprotein C-I, apolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein C-IV. Conclusion These plasma differences help to optimize the diagnosis and predict the complications of T2DM, although this remains to be verified in the crowd. Trace elements related-metalloproteins, such as ceruloplasmin, and lipid metabolism and transport-related apolipoprotein C are expected to be candidate biomarkers of T2DM and should be given more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Zhiyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Tianran Zhang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
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27
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Zhang H, Lu S, Chen L, Huang X, Jiang L, Li Y, Liao P, Wu X, Zhou X, Qin L, Wei J, Huang R. 2-Dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, isolated from the root of Averrhoa carambola L., protects against diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting TLR4/TGFβ signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106120. [PMID: 31972423 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of death and disability of diabetes mellitus. However, there is still a lack of specific drugs for the treatment of DKD. The chief aim of this research is to investigate the role and mechanism of 2-Dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (DMDD) for DKD. METHODS Wild type and TLR4 knockout mice were induced to diabetes. After 4-week treatment with DMDD, blood sugar, renal function, blood lipid and pathological changes were assessed. Real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expressions of TLR4, TGFβ1 and Smad2/3 in the renal tissue. RESULTS DMDD improved the serum lipid and decreased fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. CysC and urinary albumin levels increased markedly in the diabetic group, and they were obviously decreased after 4 weeks of DMDD treatment. Compared with the WT diabetic mice, the urinary albumin and CysC in the TLR4-/- mice were expressed at lower levels. HE and Masson's staining revealed that DMDD clearly ameliorated pathological changes and renal fibrosis. When TLR4 gene was knock out, the pathological was improved. Mechanistically, TLR4, TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were obvious up-regulation in the renal tissues of diabetic mice. The expressions of these proteins were significantly down-regulated after DMDD treatment (p < 0.05). In the TLR4-/- mice, mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were obviously lower than those in the WT mice. In addition, IHC revealed that a strong in situ expressions of TLR4, TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were seen in the kidney tissues of diabetic mice, which were distinctly weakened in the DMDD-treated mice. In the TLR4-/- mice, however, expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were not remarkable increase in the diabetic mice compared with normal mice. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly indicate that TLR4 is essential for DMDD protection against renal dysfunction in diabetic mice. Its hypoglycemic and anti-fibrosis effects were likely mediated by the TLR4/TGFβ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shunyu Lu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lixiu Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Luhui Jiang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Peiyu Liao
- Shenzhen High School of Science (Sendelta International Academy), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingchun Wu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Luhui Qin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Renbin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Jiang X, Meng W, Li L, Meng Z, Wang D. Adjuvant Therapy With Mushroom Polysaccharides for Diabetic Complications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:168. [PMID: 32180724 PMCID: PMC7059129 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic complications seriously endanger the health of most diabetic patients around the world. Most chemical hypoglycemic agents have adverse effects and are unable to improve the progression of diabetic complications. In recent years, a number of medicinal herbs have become increasingly popular for the treatment of diabetic complications due to their relative safety. Polysaccharides extracted from medicinal herbs with multiple pharmacological activities and low toxicity have been reported to be useful in the treatment of diabetic complications. Methods Primary studies with keywords including polysaccharide and diabetic complications were retrieved from the Web of Science and NCBI databases and were read and analyzed. Results Mushroom polysaccharides were proven to have positive effects on diabetic complications. Conclusions We studied the effects of mushroom polysaccharides on hyperglycemia and as adjuvant therapies for diabetic complications and summarized the applications and limitations of mushroom polysaccharides to better understand their application for the treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiqi Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhu L, Xiang J, Wang Q, Wang A, Li C, Tian G, Zhang H, Chen S. Revealing the Interactions Between Diabetes, Diabetes-Related Diseases, and Cancers Based on the Network Connectivity of Their Related Genes. Front Genet 2020; 11:617136. [PMID: 33381155 PMCID: PMC7767993 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.617136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-related diseases (DRDs), especially cancers pose a big threat to public health. Although people have explored pathological pathways of a few common DRDs, there is a lack of systematic studies on important biological processes (BPs) connecting diabetes and its related diseases/cancers. We have proposed and compared 10 protein-protein interaction (PPI)-based computational methods to study the connections between diabetes and 254 diseases, among which a method called DIconnectivity_eDMN performs the best in the sense that it infers a disease rank (according to its relation with diabetes) most consistent with that by literature mining. DIconnectivity_eDMN takes diabetes-related genes, other disease-related genes, a PPI network, and genes in BPs as input. It first maps genes in a BP into the PPI network to construct a BP-related subnetwork, which is expanded (in the whole PPI network) by a random walk with restart (RWR) process to generate a so-called expanded modularized network (eMN). Since the numbers of known disease genes are not high, an RWR process is also performed to generate an expanded disease-related gene list. For each eMN and disease, the expanded diabetes-related genes and disease-related genes are mapped onto the eMN. The association between diabetes and the disease is measured by the reachability of their genes on all eMNs, in which the reachability is estimated by a method similar to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. DIconnectivity_eDMN achieves an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.71 for predicting both Type 1 DRDs and Type 2 DRDs. In addition, DIconnectivity_eDMN reveals important BPs connecting diabetes and DRDs. For example, "respiratory system development" and "regulation of mRNA metabolic process" are critical in associating Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and many Type 1 DRDs. It is also found that the average proportion of diabetes-related genes interacting with DRDs is higher than that of non-DRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhu
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ju Xiang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ailan Wang
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- *Correspondence: Huajun Zhang,
| | - Size Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precision Treatment, Guangzhou, China
- Size Chen,
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30
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Yürük Yıldırım Z, Yılmaz A, Pehlivanoğlu C, Gedikbaşı A, Yıldız M, Dirican A, Bundak R, Darendeliler F, Emre S, Nayır A. Urine Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2019; 11:157-163. [PMID: 30396876 PMCID: PMC6571536 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2018.2018.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Histopathological changes in the kidney in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) begin before detection of microalbuminuria. Therefore, there is interest in finding a better biomarker for the early detection of diabetic kidney injury. The aim of this present study was to determine whether urinary indicators of fibrosis are detectable early in the development of T1DM in children and if they may predict progressive renal injury. METHODS Urinary matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were assessed in 33 patients with T1DM with normal renal functions and in 24 healthy controls. Microalbuminuria was not present in the patient group with the exception of three patients. The results were adjusted to urine creatinine (Cr) and the differences between patients and controls were evaluated. These measurements were repeated after one year and the results were compared with the first year results. RESULTS Urine MMP2/Cr, MMP9/Cr, TIMP1/Cr, TIMP2/Cr, TGF-β1/Cr were not different between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). There were also no significant differences between the first and second year results for these biomarkers (p>0.05). None of these parameters were correlated with hemoglobin A1c, body mass index and duration of T1DM. Interestingly, all parameters were negatively correlated to age of onset of T1DM (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that urinary biomarkers of fibrosis do not show an increase in diabetic children without microalbuminuria. The results also indicate that the risk of early fibrosis may increase as age of onset of T1DM decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Yürük Yıldırım
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey Phone: +90 532 378 42 69 E-mail:
| | - Alev Yılmaz
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemile Pehlivanoğlu
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Gedikbaşı
- Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Biochemistry, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yıldız
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Dirican
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Rüveyde Bundak
- İstanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Darendeliler
- İstanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Emre
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Nayır
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey
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Sueud T, Hadi NR, Abdulameer R, Jamil DA, Al-Aubaidy HA. Assessing urinary levels of IL-18, NGAL and albumin creatinine ratio in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:564-568. [PMID: 30641767 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication of a longstanding hyperglycemia. This study aims to evaluate whether urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and urinary Interleukin-18 possess a better diagnostic value than albumin creatinine ratio in assessing the severity of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIAL & METHODS Ninety participants diagnosed with T2DM were recruited and they were divided into three study groups according to their albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR): (Normoalbuminuria group, Microalbuminuria group, and Macroalbuminuria group). A matching of Ninety healthy subjects were included as controls. Blood and urine samples were collected to measure various markers of glycemic control and kidney function. RESULTS IL-18 levels were not changed significantly between all study groups (P > 0.05), despite a significant positive correlation between IL-18 and urinary albumin levels. NGAL levels were significantly increased in Microalbuminuria group and Macroalbuminuria group as compared to the control and Normoalbuminuria groups. NGAL was also positively correlated with urinary albumin and ACR, but negatively correlated with the age and body mass index. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves revealed that for early detection of DN, the best cutoff values to discriminate DN and diabetic without nephropathy groups were ˃ 21.4 ng/ml for NGAL (94.67 sensitivity, 26.67% specificity), ≤0.34 pg/mL for IL-18 (72% sensitivity, 53.33% specificity), and ˃29.8 mg/g for ACR (80% sensitivity, 100% specificity). CONCLUSION We conclude that the urinary ACR is a more accurate individual biomarker of DN when compared to both NGAL and IL-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taqwaa Sueud
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
| | - Najah R Hadi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Dina A Jamil
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Hayder A Al-Aubaidy
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Sulaiman MK. Diabetic nephropathy: recent advances in pathophysiology and challenges in dietary management. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:7. [PMID: 30679960 PMCID: PMC6343294 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) or diabetic kidney disease refers to the deterioration of kidney function seen in chronic type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The progression of the disease is known to occur in a series of stages and is linked to glycemic and blood pressure control. However, despite aggressive blood sugar control the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic patients has not witnessed any decrease in the last two decades; which has lead to identification of additional factors in its progression. The nutritional status of patients is an important and modifiable factor that may influence CKD processes and outcome. It directly stems from the traditional dietary choices that patients make due to poor nutritional awareness. Dietary management of DN patients is challenging, as the twin factors of diet overload on kidney function needs to be balanced with malnutrition. Patient education seems to be the key in avoiding overindulgence of carbohydrate and protein-rich foods while favoring inclusion of essential fats in their diet. CONCLUSION This review will summarize current advances in staging and molecular pathogenesis of DN. It will highlight recent studies focusing on patient-customized dietary interventions that offer new hope as an effective tool in improving quality of life and delaying disease progression in DN patients.
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