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Juárez-Medel CA, Rodríguez-González E, Mendoza-Figueroa ÁN. [Acute apical abscess and associated factors in patients during the covid-19 pandemic in a health center in Acapulco, Mexico.]. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2024; 12:e193. [PMID: 39119130 PMCID: PMC11304853 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1202-2024-193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the prevalence of acute apical abscess and identify associated factors in patients of a health center from Acapulco, Mexico. Material and methods Epidemiological study that collected clinical records of patients during the period of october 2021. Sociodemographic and housing information was collected, as well as personal pathological and non-pathological history and a record of the diagnosis of the periapical lesion based on its clinical characteristics issued by the operator on duty. Through multivariate analysis, a factor associated with acute apical abscess was identified with the odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval as estimators of the strength of association with CIETmap statistical software. Results The 37% (32/87) of patients were diagnosed with the infection. In terms of gender, females were the most affected with a proportion of 56% (18/32). The most common cause was caries with 72% (23/32). The right upper second premolar was the most affected tooth with 25% (8/32). One associated factor was identified, age 36 to 62 years (ORa=3.54; CI95%a=1.27 -16.62). Conclusion The morbidity rate of the infection was moderate, and it is a common pathology in stomatological emergency consultations, so it is important for the professional in charge of the area to manage it clinically. It will be important to implement oral health education strategies aimed at different age groups to raise awareness of the cariogenic process and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Juárez-Medel
- Departamento de Vinculación y Difusión en Estomatología de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Subsecretaría de Integración y Desarrollo de la Secretaría de Salud Federal. Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Departamento de Vinculación y Difusión en Estomatología Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud Subsecretaría de Integración y Desarrollo de la Secretaría de Salud Federal Acapulco, Guerrero México
| | - Eder Rodríguez-González
- Departamento de Endodoncia de la Universidad Hipócrates. Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Universidad Hipocrates Departamento de Endodoncia Universidad Hipócrates Acapulco, Guerrero Mexico
| | - Ángel Neftalí Mendoza-Figueroa
- Centro de Endodoncia Especializada y Odontología Integral. Chilpancingo de los Bravos, Guerrero, México. Centro de Endodoncia Especializada y Odontología Integral Chilpancingo de los Bravos, Guerrero México
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Iandolo A, Abdellatif D, Barbosa AFA, Scelza G, Gasparro R, Sammartino P, Silva EJNL. Confocal laser scanning microscopy evaluation of roots subjected to activation protocol in endodontic microsurgery. AUST ENDOD J 2021; 48:77-81. [PMID: 34919318 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the penetration of the irrigant subject to activation after performing retro-preparation in endodontic microsurgery. Forty mandibular premolars were prepared and filled. Subsequently, 1 mm from the root apex was cut using a multi-blade bur and the retro-preparation was performed. In group 1, the retro-cavity was cleaned with 2 mL of saline and then with 2 mL of 5.25% NaOCl gel mixed with 0.1% Rhodamine B. In group 2, the retro-cavity was cleaned with 2 mL of saline, 17% EDTA gel was activated ultrasonically for 30 s and 5.25% NaOCl gel was mixed with 0.1% Rhodamine B and activated for 30 s. After 7 days, the roots were cut at 1mm from the apex and the slices were evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The samples of group 2 showed statistically better results. The activation protocol proposed resulted in enhanced irrigant penetration when compared to the traditional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Iandolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Ana Flávia A Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Scelza
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dental Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sammartino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Victor DJ, Subramanian S, Prakash P, Raj DRS. Putative periodontal pathogens in persisting periodontal pockets of endodontic origin. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:17-21. [PMID: 33642736 PMCID: PMC7904007 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_397_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The microbial profile of endodontically treated teeth, presenting with a persisting deep periodontal pocket, secondary to a primary endodontic lesion, draining through the gingival crevice, has received very less attention. This observational study was done to evaluate if these sites with persisting pockets of endodontic origin persist because they have acquired bacteria which are considered as putative periodontal pathogens. Materials and Methods: Subgingival plaque samples were collected from fifty patients diagnosed with a primary endodontic and a secondary periodontal lesion that persisted even after completion of the root canal treatment. Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, furcation, and tooth mobility were recorded. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the possible association between six bacteria, which are frequently associated with periodontal and endodontic lesions. Results: The mean cycle threshold value for Treponema denticola (Td) was found to be 33.74, and for Enterococcus faecalis (Ef), it was 34.39. With regard to clinical attachment loss, Td (P < 0.04) and Parvimonas micra (P < 0.05) had a significant correlation. Conclusion: Ef (92%) and Td (86%) were found to be most prevalent. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were in minimal to nonexistent levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhayanand John Victor
- Faculty, Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangeetha Subramanian
- Faculty, Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Psg Prakash
- Faculty, Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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4
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Bronzato JD, Bomfim RA, Hayasida GZP, Cúri M, Estrela C, Paster BJ, Gomes BPFA. Analysis of microorganisms in periapical lesions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 124:105055. [PMID: 33588190 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on prevalence of microorganisms and their viability/activity in endodontic periapical lesions. DESIGN Literature research was performed on five electronic biomedical databases from their start dates to June 2020. Only studies evaluating the presence of microorganisms in periapical lesions in human permanent teeth with secondary/persistent infection were included. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility for inclusion, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias. Meta-analysis and binominal tests were used to analyse the resulting data. RESULTS From the 1,313 records found, 23 full-texts were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The prevalence of microorganisms in endodontic periapical lesions was 87 % (95 % CI, 75-94) and the prevalence of viable/active microorganisms was 82 % (95 % CI, 66-91). There were statistical differences in the geographic area subgroup and between viable bacteria and active viruses. The most common detection method of microorganisms was the molecular one (69 %), and the most prevalent bacteria were the species Actinomyces, Fusobacterium and Prevotella (40 %). Most of the included studies had moderate risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of microorganisms in endodontic periapical lesions was 87 % and the prevalence of viable/active microorganisms was 82 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana D Bronzato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Bomfim
- Department of Community Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Z P Hayasida
- Department of Applied Math and Statistics, Institute of Math and Computing Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Cúri
- Department of Applied Math and Statistics, Institute of Math and Computing Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruce J Paster
- Department of Microbiology, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Brenda P F A Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Belkacemi S, Bou Khalil J, Ominami Y, Hisada A, Fontanini A, Caputo A, Levasseur A, Lagier JC, Khelaifia S, Raoult D. Passive Filtration, Rapid Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry for Treponema Culture and Identification from the Oral Cavity. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:e00517-19. [PMID: 31340994 PMCID: PMC6760945 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00517-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here a new passive-filtration-based culture device combined with rapid identification with a new electron microscope (Hitachi TM4000) for the detection and culture of Treponema species from the human oral cavity. Of the 44 oral samples cultivated, 15 (34%) were found to be positive for Treponema using electron microscopy and were also culture positive. All were subcultured on agar plates; based on genome sequencing and analyses, 10 were strains of Treponema pectinovorum and 5 were strains of Treponema denticola The 29 samples that were negative for Treponema remained culture negative. In addition, 14 Treponema species ordered from the DSMZ collection were cultured in the T-Raoult culture medium optimized here. Finally, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was used and 30 novel spectra were added to the MALDI-TOF MS database. We have successfully developed a new and effective method for treponemal detection, culture, and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Belkacemi
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny, and Infections, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Bou Khalil
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny, and Infections, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Yusuke Ominami
- Science and Medical Systems Business Group, Hitachi High-Technologies Corp., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Hisada
- Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Anthony Fontanini
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Aurelia Caputo
- Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- UMR VITROME, Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, SSA, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny, and Infections, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Saber Khelaifia
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny, and Infections, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny, and Infections, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Garcez AS, Hamblin MR. Methylene Blue and Hydrogen Peroxide for Photodynamic Inactivation in Root Canal - A New Protocol for Use in Endodontics. Eur Endod J 2017. [PMID: 29528043 DOI: 10.5152/eej.2017.17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a controversial approach for endodontic disinfection. The objective of this study was to test the photosensitiser (PS) concentration and assess the optical shielding phenomenon, the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and minimal energy irradiation to optimise endodontic aPDT for suggesting a protocol for clinical use. Methods Different parameters for aPDT were tested. Aqueous solutions of methylene blue (MB) at 50, 100, 150 and 300 μM were tested in vitro for optical shield and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the reduction of N,N-dimethyl-4-notrosoaniline (RNO) at 440 nm absorbance when irradiated using a diode laser (660 nm). Ten single-rooted teeth were inoculated with bioluminescent bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa for 72 hours to form biofilms. Bioluminescence imaging was used to serially evaluate the minimum energy necessary during endodontic aPDT using MB and a diode laser coupled to an optical fibre for intracanal microbial reduction. In addition, teeth (n=21) infected with Enterococcus faecalis were treated with sequential combinations of endodontic aPDT and H2O2 and the colony-forming unit (CFU) was determined. Results ROS production was inversely proportional to the MB concentration in the solution due to quenching of MB. Optical shielding limited light penetration at high MB concentrations. The use of H2O2 before aPDT achieved higher disinfection compared to conventional aPDT or when MB was irradiated in an H2O2 solution. Energy irradiation of 9.6 J achieved a significant reduction and further light delivery did not produce further reduction. Conclusion PS concentration of about 50 μM, biofilm pre-treatment with H2O2 for 1 min and energy irradiation around 10 J appear to be an effective protocol for endodontic aPDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aguinaldo S Garcez
- Department of Oral Microbiology (A.S.G.), São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental School, Campinas SP, Brazil; Department of Phototherapy (M.R.H.), Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA, USA; Department of Dermatology (M.R.H.), Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA; Department of Health Science and Technology (M.R.H.) Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Department of Oral Microbiology (A.S.G.), São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental School, Campinas SP, Brazil; Department of Phototherapy (M.R.H.), Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA, USA; Department of Dermatology (M.R.H.), Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA; Department of Health Science and Technology (M.R.H.) Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Hunter MC, Pozhitkov AE, Noble PA. Microbial signatures of oral dysbiosis, periodontitis and edentulism revealed by Gene Meter methodology. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 131:85-101. [PMID: 27717873 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Conceptual models suggest that certain microorganisms (e.g., the "red" complex) are indicative of a specific disease state (e.g., periodontitis); however, recent studies have questioned the validity of these models. Here, the abundances of 500+ microbial species were determined in 16 patients with clinical signs of one of the following oral conditions: periodontitis, established caries, edentulism, and oral health. Our goal was to determine if the abundances of certain microorganisms reflect dysbiosis or a specific clinical condition that could be used as a 'signature' for dental research. Microbial abundances were determined by the analysis of 138,718 calibrated probes using Gene Meter methodology. Each 16S rRNA gene was targeted by an average of 194 unique probes (n=25nt). The calibration involved diluting pooled gene target samples, hybridizing each dilution to a DNA microarray, and fitting the probe intensities to adsorption models. The fit of the model to the experimental data was used to assess individual and aggregate probe behavior; good fits (R2>0.90) were retained for back-calculating microbial abundances from patient samples. The abundance of a gene was determined from the median of all calibrated individual probes or from the calibrated abundance of all aggregated probes. With the exception of genes with low abundances (<2 arbitrary units), the abundances determined by the different calibrations were highly correlated (r~1.0). Seventeen genera were classified as 'signatures of dysbiosis' because they had significantly higher abundances in patients with periodontitis and edentulism when contrasted with health. Similarly, 13 genera were classified as 'signatures of periodontitis', and 14 genera were classified as 'signatures of edentulism'. The signatures could be used, individually or in combination, to assess the clinical status of a patient (e.g., evaluating treatments such as antibiotic therapies). Comparisons of the same patient samples revealed high false negatives (45%) for next-generation-sequencing results and low false positives (7%) for Gene Meter results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Colby Hunter
- Program in Microbiology, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36101, United States.
| | - Alex E Pozhitkov
- Department of Oral Health, University of Washington, Box 3574444, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Peter A Noble
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Box 3574444, Seattle, WA, United States.
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