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de Castro JAC, de Lima TR, Silva DAS. Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:541. [PMID: 38791753 PMCID: PMC11121308 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-related physical fitness has been widely used to investigate the adverse effects of HIV infection/ART in children and adolescents. However, methods/protocols and cut-points applied for investigating health-related physical fitness are not clear. The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature to identify gaps in knowledge regarding the methods/protocols and cut-points. METHODS A scoping review, following the Joana Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, was conducted through ten major databases. Search followed the PCC strategy to construct block of terms related to population (children and adolescents), concept (health-related physical fitness components) and context (HIV infection). RESULTS The search resulted in 7545 studies. After duplicate removal, titles and abstracts reading and full text assessment, 246 studies were included in the scoping review. Body composition was the most investigated component (n = 244), followed by muscular strength/endurance (n = 23), cardiorespiratory fitness (n = 15) and flexibility (n = 4). The World Health Organization growth curves, and nationals' surveys were the most reference values applied to classify body composition (n = 149), followed by internal cut-points (n = 30) and cut-points developed through small populations (n = 16). Cardiorespiratory fitness was classified through cut-points from three different assessment batteries, as well as cut-points developed through studies with small populations, muscular strength/endurance and flexibility were classified through the same cut-points from five different assessment batteries. CONCLUSIONS The research on muscular strength/endurance, cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility has been scarcely explored. The lack of studies that investigated method usability as well as reference values was evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Antônio Chula de Castro
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (J.A.C.d.C.); (T.R.d.L.)
| | - Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (J.A.C.d.C.); (T.R.d.L.)
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88080-350, SC, Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (J.A.C.d.C.); (T.R.d.L.)
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Comley-White N, Ntsiea V, Potterton J. Physical functioning in adolescents with perinatal HIV. AIDS Care 2024; 36:60-69. [PMID: 37229771 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2214862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal HIV impacts on growth and development in childhood, with physical impairments such as growth limitations, decreased physical activity, reduced exercise tolerance and cardiopulmonary dysfunction continuing into adolescence. There is limited data on other physical functioning domains in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents (PHIVA) thus the aim of this study was to establish the physical sequelae of perinatal HIV in adolescents. This South African cross-sectional study compared PHIVA with HIV-negative adolescents, assessing anthropometry, muscle strength, endurance and motor performance. All ethical considerations were adhered to. The study included 147 PHIVA and 102 HIV-negative adolescents, aged 10-16 years. The majority (87.1%) of PHIVA were virally suppressed however, they still showed significant deficits in height (p < 0.001), weight (p < 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.004). Both groups performed poorly in muscle strength and endurance but did not differ significantly. In motor performance, the PHIVA scored significantly lower for manual dexterity and balance, with significantly more PHIVA with motor difficulty. A regression analysis showed that viral suppression predicted muscle strength (p = 0.032) and age positively predicted endurance (p = 0.044) and negatively predicated aiming and catching (p = 0.009). In conclusion, PHIVA face growth deficits and challenges with motor performance, especially with manual dexterity and balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette Comley-White
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Veronica Ntsiea
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joanne Potterton
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Chirindza N, Leach L, Mangona L, Nhaca G, Daca T, Prista A. Body composition, physical fitness and physical activity in Mozambican children and adolescents living with HIV. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275963. [PMID: 36264880 PMCID: PMC9584386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a result of the effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs (ART), HIV/AIDS has become a chronic disease, which has enabled children living with HIV to reach adolescence and adulthood. However, the long exposure to both the disease and ART has caused undesirable effects that compromise the physiological functioning and the quality of life of the subjects. OBJECTIVE To determine the body composition, physical fitness and habitual physical activity of children and adolescents living with HIV on ART. METHODS A total of 79 subjects of both genders aged 8-14 years, living with HIV in ART, selected by convenience participated in the study. The subjects underwent anthropometric assessment, physical fitness assessment and physical activity assessment. RESULTS Relative to reference norms, the values of the anthropometric indicators fell below 50th percentile (height/age = 92.4%; BMI/age 72.2%; sum of skinfolds = 51.9%; arm circumference = 63.3%). The prevalence of "low height/age" and "low weight/age" was 34.9% and 9.3%, respectively for boys, and 27.9% and 11.1%, respectively for girls. With the exception of trunk flexibility (12.3%), most subjects were considered unfit in the physical fitness tests (abdominal resistance = 76.4%; handgrip strength = 75.4%; lower limb power = 66.4%). The percentage of subjects with insufficient physical activity was 45.5% for boys and 77.8% for girls. The values for all variables were consistently and significantly lower when compared with studies done in Mozambicans boys and girls without HIV+ from both urban and rural areas. CONCLUSION The subjects participants in the study living with HIV and undergoing ART had impaired growth, low physical fitness and low levels of habitual physical activity in relation to the reference values of their peers without HIV, which compromised their physiological functioning and their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivaldo Chirindza
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, FEFD, Universidade Pedagógica de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique
- * E-mail: (AP); (NC)
| | - Lloyd Leach
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lucília Mangona
- School of Sport Sciences, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Gomes Nhaca
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, FEFD, Universidade Pedagógica de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Timóteo Daca
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, FEFD, Universidade Pedagógica de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - António Prista
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, FEFD, Universidade Pedagógica de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique
- * E-mail: (AP); (NC)
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Potterton J, Strehlau R, Shiau S, Comley-White N, Kuhn L, Yin M, Arpadi S. Evaluation of submaximal endurance in young children living with HIV. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2022; 78:1613. [PMID: 35281781 PMCID: PMC8905455 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v78i1.1613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing concern about the long-term sequelae [a condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury] of perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Children living with HIV (CLHIV) present with cardiopulmonary impairments and decreased physical activity which may be due to poor endurance. Objectives Our study aimed to investigate the sub-maximal endurance of CLHIV compared to a non-infected comparison group. Methods In this cross-sectional descriptive study 346 CLHIV, between ages five and eleven years, were assessed using the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation were measured pre-test, immediately post-test and five minutes post-test. Clinical and anthropometric data were recorded. Height and weight were assessed using a stadiometer and a digital scale, respectively. Results 175 CLHIV (52% female) and 171 children without HIV (46% female) participated. All children were Black African. The CLHIV all initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a young age (mean 8.7 months, standard deviation 6.7) and their disease was well controlled (viral load < 1000copies/ml). There were no statistically significant differences in submaximal endurance between the two groups (p = 0.831). Age of starting ART and stunted growth were negatively associated (r = -2.8 (p = 0.019) and r = -46.1 (p = 0.027), respectively) with distance walked in the 6MWT by girls living with HIV. Conclusion CLHIV who initiate ART early with well-controlled disease are able to attain submaximal endurance levels similar to their uninfected peers. Clinical implications Endurance and physical activity should be monitored in CLHIV. Submaximal endurance levels may improve with age and biological maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Potterton
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Renate Strehlau
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Shiau
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Nicolette Comley-White
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Louise Kuhn
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Centre, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States of America
| | - Stephen Arpadi
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Centre, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States of America
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Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and Associated Factors in People Living With HIV in the Ceará, Brazil: A Cross-sectional Study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2022; 33:436-447. [PMID: 35120074 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep disorders and associated factors in people living with HIV (PLWH). This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 385 participants followed-up on an outpatient basis in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Interviews were conducted using the Sociodemographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Form for PLWH and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed, and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated, considering p < .05 as statistically significant. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 43.38%. Having children (p = .0054; OR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.21-3.01), less than 8 years of education (p = .0013; OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.34-3.34), and not engaging in regular physical exercise (p = .0001; OR = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.61-4.23) were factors associated with the occurrence of sleep disorders. It was concluded that almost half of the sample had sleep disorders, especially those with children, low level education, and sedentary habits. These data point to the need for increased guidance on sleep hygiene, in addition to the practice of regular physical exercise for this population.
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Comley-White N, Potterton J, Ntsiea V. The physical sequelae of growing into adolescence with perinatally acquired HIV: a scoping review. PHYSICAL THERAPY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10833196.2022.2026009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette Comley-White
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joanne Potterton
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Veronica Ntsiea
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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da Silva Cunha de Medeiros RC, dos Santos IK, de Oliveira ALV, de Goes CJD, de Medeiros JA, da Silva TAL, de Souza Araujo J, de Alcântara Varela PW, Cobucci RN, de Araújo Tinoco Cabral BG, Dantas PMS. Comparison of Muscle Strength, Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition between Healthy Adolescents and Those Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115675. [PMID: 34073166 PMCID: PMC8198095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: The adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy associated with complications generated by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) promote impairments in physical fitness in adolescents. Objective: To analyze the aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and body composition of adolescents living with HIV compared with a healthy population of the same age. Methods: Searches were performed in the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and SportDiscus databases until September 2019 and updated in April 2020. Eligibility Criteria: adolescents of both sexes in the age group from 10 to 19 years; living with HIV; cross-sectional, case–control, cohort studies; comparing with a healthy population. Mean differences and 95% Confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using RevMan (software for systematic reviews). Results: Five articles were included, involving 197 adolescents living with HIV (16 to 18 years) and 185 without infection (13 to 18 years), with the sample in each study ranging from 15 to 65 adolescents. Aerobic capacity and muscle strength were reduced in adolescents with HIV, and body mass index was also significantly lower in this group. Conclusion: Adolescents living with HIV have impaired cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition when compared to their uninfected peers. However, this systematic review provides limited evidence on the differences between the physical fitness outcomes of adolescents living with HIV compared to healthy adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (I.K.d.S.); (J.A.d.M.); (T.A.L.d.S.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.); (P.M.S.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Isis Kelly dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (I.K.d.S.); (J.A.d.M.); (T.A.L.d.S.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.); (P.M.S.D.)
| | | | - Carlos Jean Damasceno de Goes
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (C.J.D.d.G.); (J.d.S.A.); (P.W.d.A.V.)
| | - Jason Azevedo de Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (I.K.d.S.); (J.A.d.M.); (T.A.L.d.S.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.); (P.M.S.D.)
| | - Tatiane Andreza Lima da Silva
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (I.K.d.S.); (J.A.d.M.); (T.A.L.d.S.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.); (P.M.S.D.)
| | - Juliany de Souza Araujo
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (C.J.D.d.G.); (J.d.S.A.); (P.W.d.A.V.)
| | - Phelipe Wilde de Alcântara Varela
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (C.J.D.d.G.); (J.d.S.A.); (P.W.d.A.V.)
| | - Ricardo Ney Cobucci
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Potiguar University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (I.K.d.S.); (J.A.d.M.); (T.A.L.d.S.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.); (P.M.S.D.)
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (C.J.D.d.G.); (J.d.S.A.); (P.W.d.A.V.)
| | - Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (I.K.d.S.); (J.A.d.M.); (T.A.L.d.S.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.); (P.M.S.D.)
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (C.J.D.d.G.); (J.d.S.A.); (P.W.d.A.V.)
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Dirajlal-Fargo S, Williams PL, Broadwell C, McFarland EJ, Powis KM, Jacobson DL, Jao J. Brief Report: Youth Living With Perinatally Acquired HIV Have Lower Physical Activity Levels as They Age Compared With HIV-Exposed Uninfected Youth. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2021; 87:700-705. [PMID: 33443964 PMCID: PMC8026508 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have evaluated physical activity patterns or their association with vascular inflammation among youth living with perinatally acquired HIV (YPHIV). METHODS We assessed YPHIV and youth perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected (YPHEU) in the PHACS Adolescent Master Protocol with at least one Block physical activity questionnaire (PAQ) completed between ages 7-19 years. Physical activity metrics were as follows: (1) daily total energy expenditure (TEE) and (2) physical activity duration (PAD) defined as the minutes of daily moderate and vigorous activities. In a subgroup, we measured serum biomarkers of coagulation (fibrinogen and P-selectin) and endothelial dysfunction (soluble intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin) obtained within 3 months of a single PAQ. Repeated measures linear regression models were used to compare the trajectories of log-transformed TEE and PAD by HIV status, adjusting for confounders. Spearman correlations were calculated to assess the relationship of TEE and PAD with vascular biomarkers. RESULTS Five hundred ninety-six youth (387 YPHIV and 209 YPHEU) completed 1552 PAQs (median PAQs completed = 3). The median age at enrollment (Q1, Q3) was 11 (9, 13) years. TEE and PAD increased with age in both YPHIV and YPHEU. However, even after adjusting for confounders, YPHIV had significantly less increase per year than YPHEU for TEE (5.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): -9.9% to -1.4%, P = 0.010] less) and PAD (5.2% [95% CI: -9.2% to -1.1%, P = 0.016] less). Among 302 youth with biomarker measures (187 YPHIV and 114 YPHEU), we observed little correlation with TEE or PAD. CONCLUSIONS Both groups had increases in physical activity levels as they aged, but YPHIV had smaller increases throughout adolescence compared with YPHEU, which may impact long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Carly Broadwell
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Kathleen M Powis
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and
| | - Denise L Jacobson
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer Jao
- Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Patel F, Kennedy C. Metabolic Changes in Pediatric HIV-Positive Patients and Potential Lifestyle Interventional Strategies. Cureus 2021; 13:e14556. [PMID: 34026373 PMCID: PMC8133514 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes in the HIV population have been well-studied, particularly after the advent of antiretroviral therapy. More notably, the emergence of the metabolic syndrome within the HIV population, due to prolonged survival, has led to an increasing rate of cardiovascular occurrence and mortality within the population in adult life. Importance of early intervention in HIV children, particularly lifestyle modifications, is necessary to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and mortality in adulthood. Potential clinical interventions include routine anthropometric measurements as a measure of CVD risk, a low saturated fat and high fiber diet, and vigorous aerobic exercise have been shown to decrease CVD risk in the HIV population. The literature review found multiple knowledge gaps due to minimal studies completed on the HIV population and even less on HIV-positive children. Overall, a standardized protocol was required to better care for HIV-positive children and potential future CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falguni Patel
- Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, USA
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Patterns of Objectively and Self-Reported Sedentary Behavior in Children and Adolescents Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The PositHIVe Health Study. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2020; 32:30-35. [PMID: 31584870 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2019-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sedentary behavior (SB) has been shown to be associated with unhealthy outcomes in children, and it is not clear whether children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) engage in different patterns of SB compared with healthy children. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare patterns of SB between children living with HIV and a healthy control group. METHODS A group of children with HIV and a paired control group wore accelerometers for 1 week and answered a questionnaire with items related to television viewing habits and computer usage. Accelerometer-derived and self-reported SB were compared between children living with HIV and controls and between treatment-based and viral load subgroups. RESULTS A total of 130 children (of which 53% are girls with a mean age of 12.1 y) participated in the study with 65 in each group. Children in the control group exhibited significantly more objectively measured SB daily when compared with the HIV group (515 vs 490 min/d, respectively), but no differences were found between the treatment-based and viral load subgroups. Children with HIV watched more television on weekdays, compared with the control group (P < .05). No other differences were found in comparisons of self-reported SB between the control and HIV and the treatment-based or viral load subgroups. CONCLUSION Children living with HIV spend less time being sedentary than those in the healthy control group. Future studies are important for clarifying the causes and consequences of these differences.
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de Medeiros RCDSC, dos Santos IK, Damasceno de Goes CJ, Vasconcelos de Oliveira AL, de Medeiros JA, Cobucci RN, Dantas PMS. A comparative analysis of physical fitness of children and adolescents with HIV infection: A systematic review protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18206. [PMID: 31804344 PMCID: PMC6919439 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impaired physical capacity of children and adolescents with HIV can directly influence their physical performance, activities of daily living and social participation. The purpose of this systematic review protocol is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on physical fitness (cardiorespiratory capacity, agility, flexibility, strength, and muscular endurance) in children and adolescents with HIV, compared with healthy controls. METHODS We will be following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis protocol (PRISMA-P) statement guidelines. There will be cross-sectional, longitudinal and case-controlled studies, and there will be no restrictions on language and year of publication in the search. The search strategy will be to use databases including: MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via Ovid), Web of Science, Scopus, SportDiscus and CINAHL; The MeSH terms will be: physical fitness, fitness trackers, agility, flexibility, physical endurance, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, children, and adolescents, to discuss and compare physical fitness (cardiorespiratory capacity, agility, flexibility, strength, and muscular endurance) in children and adolescents with HIV and healthy control. The reviewers will independently read the articles, extract the data information and analyze the risk of bias using the Cochrane criteria for observational studies. The Cohen's will be used to calculate the agreement between the revisions. RESULTS This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of observational studies on the analysis and comparison of physical fitness in children and adolescents with HIV compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSION This systematic review will be very important for the creation of proposals aimed at providing high quality subsidies in the management of HIV during the development phase of children and adolescents. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval is not required because individual patient data and privacy were not involved in this study. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019140955. PROSPERO REGISTRATION DATE 23/09/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Ney Cobucci
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Potiguar University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
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