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Tomaszewska E, Świątkiewicz S, Arczewska-Włosek A, Wojtysiak D, Dobrowolski P, Domaradzki P, Puzio I, Rudyk H, Brezvyn O, Muszyński S. ß-Hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate: A feed supplement influencing performance, bone metabolism, intestinal morphology, and muscle quality of laying hens: a preliminary one-point study. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103597. [PMID: 38471225 PMCID: PMC11067770 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Laying hens, selectively bred for high egg production, often suffer from bone fragility and fractures, impacting their welfare and causing economic losses. Additionally, gut health and muscle quality are crucial for overall health and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ß-Hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on performance, bone metabolism, intestinal morphology, and muscle quality in laying hens. Forty-eight Bovans Brown hens were divided into a control group and an HMB-supplemented group (0.02% HMB in diet). The study spanned from the 31st to the 60th wk of age. Assessments included bone mechanical testing, serum hormonal analysis, histological analysis of bone and intestine, and muscle quality analysis. The HMB supplementation led to decreased feed intake without affecting body weight or laying rate in laying hens. It caused an increase in both mean daily and total egg weight, indicating improved feed utilization, without influencing the feed intake to egg weight ratio. Enhanced bone formation markers and altered intestinal morphometric parameters were observed, along with improved trabecular bone structure. However, no changes in measured other bone quality indices, including geometric, densitometric, or mechanical properties were observed. Muscle analysis revealed no significant changes in overall meat quality, except for a decrease in cholesterol content and alterations in the fatty acid profile, notably a reduction in total n-3 polyunsaturated and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In conclusion, although not all effects of HMB supplementation were unequivocally beneficial, the positive changes in performance data and trabecular bone microarchitecture support further research into various doses and durations of supplementation. Such studies are necessary to fully understand and optimize the benefits of HMB for enhancing the health and productivity of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Sylwester Świątkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
| | - Anna Arczewska-Włosek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
| | - Dorota Wojtysiak
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Ethology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Dobrowolski
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Domaradzki
- Department of Commodity Science and Processing of Raw Animal Materials, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Puzio
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Halyna Rudyk
- State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Brezvyn
- State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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2
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Hollensteiner M, Sandriesser S, Augat P. Open the pores - Polydimethylsiloxane influences the porous structure of cancellous bone surrogates for biomechanical testing of osteosyntheses. J Biomech 2024; 165:112000. [PMID: 38387369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic materials used for valid and reliable implant testing and design should reflect the mechanical and morphometric properties of human bone. Such bone models are already available on the market, but they do not reflect the population variability of human bone, nor are they open-celled porous as human bone is. Biomechanical studies aimed at cementing the fracture or an implant cannot be conducted with them. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a cell stabilizer on polyurethane-based cancellous synthetic bone in terms of morphology, compressive mechanics, and opening of the cancellous bone structure for bone cement application. Mechanical properties of cylindrical specimens of the bone surrogates were determined by static compression tests to failure. Furthermore, a morphometric analysis was performed using microcomputed tomography. To prove the open-cell nature of the bone surrogates, an attempt was made to apply bone cement. Effects on the mechanical properties of the polyurethane-based bone surrogates were observed by the addition of polydimethylsiloxane. All mechanical parameters like Young's modulus, ultimate stress and yield stress increased statistically significantly with increasing amounts of cell stabilizer (all p > 0.001), except for yield stress. The analysis of morphometric parameters showed a decrease in trabecular thickness, spacing and connectivity density, which was accompanied by an increase in trabecular number and an increase in pore size. The open-cell nature was proven by the application and distribution of bone cement in specimens with stabilizer, which was visualized by X-ray. In conclusion, the results show that by adding a cell stabilizer, polyurethane-based cancellous bone substrates can be produced that have an open-cell structure similar to human bone. This makes these bone surrogates suitable for biomechanical testing of osteosyntheses and for osteosynthesis cementation issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Hollensteiner
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Küntscher-Straße 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Sabrina Sandriesser
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Küntscher-Straße 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Augat
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Küntscher-Straße 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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3
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Amaral VA, de Souza JF, Alves TFR, de Oliveira Junior JM, Severino P, Aranha N, Souto EB, Chaud MV. Psidium guajava L. phenolic compound-reinforced lamellar scaffold for tracheal tissue engineering. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:62-79. [PMID: 37566362 PMCID: PMC10746760 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a dense lamellar scaffold, as a biomimetic material with potential applications in the regeneration of tracheal tissue after surgical tumor resection. The scaffolds were produced by plastic compression technique, exploiting the use of total phenolic compounds (TPC) from Psidium guajava Linn as a potential cross-linking agent in a polymeric mixture based on collagen (COL), silk fibroin (SF), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the chemical interactions between the polymers and the cross-linking of TPC between COL and SF. Morphological analyses showed scaffolds with porosity, interconnectivity, and a porous surface structure with a gyroid-like geometry. The analysis of the anisotropic degree resulted in anisotropic structures (0.1% TFC and 0.3% TFC) and an isotropic structure (0.5% TFC). In the mechanical properties, it was evidenced greater resistance for the 0.3% TFC formulation. The addition of TPC percentages did not result in a significant difference (p > 0.05) in swelling capacity and disintegration rate. The results confirmed that TPC were able to modulate the morphological, morphometric, and mechanical properties of scaffolds. Thus, this study describes a potential new material to improve the regeneration of major tracheal structures after surgical tumor removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venâncio A Amaral
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Ferreira de Souza
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Thais F R Alves
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - José M de Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Physics, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Institute of Technology and Research, Tiradentes University, Murilo Dantas, Aracaju, Sergipe, 300, Brazil
| | - Norberto Aranha
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil
- College of Engineering of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- MEDTECH, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marco V Chaud
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil.
- College of Engineering of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, University of Sorocaba, UNISO, Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, 18023-000, Brazil.
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Sauer TJ, McCabe C, Abadi E, Samei E, Segars WP. Surface-based anthropomorphic bone structures for use in high-resolution simulated medical imaging. Phys Med Biol 2023; 69:10.1088/1361-6560/ad1275. [PMID: 38052093 PMCID: PMC10792658 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Virtual imaging trials enable efficient assessment and optimization of medical image devices and techniques via simulation rather than physical studies. These studies require realistic, detailed ground-truth models or phantoms of the relevant anatomy or physiology. Anatomical structures within computational phantoms are typically based on medical imaging data; however, for small and intricate structures (e.g. trabecular bone), it is not reasonable to use existing clinical data as the spatial resolution of the scans is insufficient. In this study, we develop a mathematical method to generate arbitrary-resolution bone structures within virtual patient models (XCAT phantoms) to model the appearance of CT-imaged trabecular bone.Approach. Given surface definitions of a bone, an algorithm was implemented to generate stochastic bicontinuous microstructures to form a network to define the trabecular bone structure with geometric and topological properties indicative of the bone. For an example adult male XCAT phantom (50th percentile in height and weight), the method was used to generate the trabecular structure of 46 chest bones. The produced models were validated in comparison with published properties of bones. The utility of the method was demonstrated with pilot CT and photon-counting CT simulations performed using the accurate DukeSim CT simulator on the XCAT phantom containing the detailed bone models.Main results. The method successfully generated the inner trabecular structure for the different bones of the chest, having quantiative measures similar to published values. The pilot simulations showed the ability of photon-counting CT to better resolve the trabecular detail emphasizing the necessity for high-resolution bone models.Significance.As demonstrated, the developed tools have great potential to provide ground truth simulations to access the ability of existing and emerging CT imaging technology to provide quantitative information about bone structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Sauer
- Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Duke University, Durham NC, United States of America
| | - Cindy McCabe
- Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Duke University, Durham NC, United States of America
| | - Ehsan Abadi
- Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Duke University, Durham NC, United States of America
| | - Ehsan Samei
- Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Duke University, Durham NC, United States of America
| | - W Paul Segars
- Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Duke University, Durham NC, United States of America
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5
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Arnold EL, Elarnaut F, Downes D, Evans JPO, Greenwood C, Rogers KD. Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21480. [PMID: 38057401 PMCID: PMC10700317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone quality is commonly used to diagnose bone diseases such as osteoporosis, with many studies focusing on microarchitecture for fracture prediction. In this study a bovine distal femur was imaged using both micro-computed tomography (µCT) and tomosynthesis using focal construct geometry (FCG) for comparison of microarchitectural parameters. Six regions of interest (ROIs) were compared between the two imaging modalities, with both global and adaptive methods used to binarize the images. FCG images were downsampled to the same pixel size as the µCT images. Bone morphometrics were determined using BoneJ, for each imaging modality, binarization technique and ROI. Bone area/total area was found to have few significant differences between FCG and µCT (p < 0.05 for two of six ROIs). Fractal Dimension had only one significant difference (p < 0.05 for one of six ROIs) between µCT and downsampled FCG (where pixel size was equalized). Trabecular thickness and trabecular spacing were observed to follow trends as observed for the corresponding µCT images, although many absolute values were significantly different (p < 0.05 for between one and six ROIs depending on image types used). This study demonstrates the utility of tomosynthesis for measurement of microarchitectural morphometrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Arnold
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, SN6 8LA, Wiltshire, UK.
| | - Farid Elarnaut
- Imaging Science Group, Nottingham Trent University, Rosalind Franklin Building, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - David Downes
- Imaging Science Group, Nottingham Trent University, Rosalind Franklin Building, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - J Paul O Evans
- Imaging Science Group, Nottingham Trent University, Rosalind Franklin Building, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Charlene Greenwood
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BJ, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Keith D Rogers
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, SN6 8LA, Wiltshire, UK
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6
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Suh H, Lee D, Lee J, Seol YJ, Lee YM, Koo KT. Comparative evaluation of 3D-printed and conventional implants in vivo: a quantitative microcomputed tomographic and histomorphometric analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21041. [PMID: 38030796 PMCID: PMC10687100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, 3D-printing technology to fabricate dental implants has garnered widespread attention due to its patient-specific customizability and cost-effectiveness. This preclinical animal study analyzed the radiographic and histomorphometric outcomes of 3D-printed implants (3DIs) placed immediately after extraction and compared them to conventional implants (CIs). 3DIs and CIs of the same dimensions placed immediately were analyzed at 2, 6, and 12 weeks. The micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis revealed statistically significant differences at 2 weeks in favor of 3DIs over the CIs in terms of bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV), trabecular bone pattern factor (Tb.Pf), and structure model index (SMI). At 2 weeks, the mean bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of the 3DIs was greater than that of the CIs; the mean bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) and the number of Haversian canals of the 3DIs showed no statistically significant differences compared to CIs at 2 weeks. At 6 and 12 weeks, there were no statistically significant differences between the 3DIs and CIs in any parameters. Within limitations, in the early stage of extraction socket healing, the 3DIs demonstrated a higher BIC than the CIs, presenting that 3DIs may be a potential option for immediate placement to enhance osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemee Suh
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongseob Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- National Dental Care Center for Persons with Special Needs, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- One-Stop Specialty Center, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Koo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Microbial Composition of a Traditional Fermented Wheat Preparation—Nishasta and Its Role in the Amelioration of Retinoic Acid-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented foods have a long history of human use. The purpose of this study was to characterize the microbial composition of a traditional fermented wheat preparation—Nishasta— and to explore its effect in retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in Wistar rats. The sample was suspended in sterile water (10% w/v), mixed thoroughly, filtered, and gradually diluted. Aliquots of dilutions were cultured in MRS (DeMan–Rogosa–Sharpe) medium, and colonies with similar morphologies were subjected to DNA extraction. The 16S rRNA gene of the isolates was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, checked by agarose gel electrophoresis, and finally identified by sequencing. Anti-osteoporosis screening of Nishasta was carried out in female Wistar rats using retinoic acid as an inducer (70 mg/kg, p.o. once a day for 14 days). Its effect on bone health parameters was determined. The bone metabolism markers such as hydroxyproline (HOP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated. The results of microbial characterization revealed the presence of ten clones of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermented preparation with L. plantarum NF3 as the predominant strain. The average microbial count was 2.4 × 103 CFU/g. Retinoic acid administration led to a marked disorder of various bone health markers in rats. It also increased the levels of urine calcium and phosphorus, indicating increased bone destruction. Treatment with fermented wheat (at 200, 100, and 50 mg/kg doses, p.o. daily for 42 days after the induction of osteoporosis) improved bone mineral density in a dose-dependent manner. It also improved the bone microstructure and reduced the levels of ALP, TRACP, and HOP. Micro-CT revealed that it reduced trabecular separation and increased the percent bone volume, trabecular numbers, trabecular thickness, and bone mineral density in the rats. The results showed that the fermented wheat promoted bone formation and prevented bone resorption. Our findings clearly established the effectiveness of Nishasta against osteoporosis in Wistar rats that can be partly attributed to the improved gut calcium absorption and microbiota composition.
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BMP3 Affects Cortical and Trabecular Long Bone Development in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020785. [PMID: 35054971 PMCID: PMC8775420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have a major role in tissue development. BMP3 is synthesized in osteocytes and mature osteoblasts and has an antagonistic effect on other BMPs in bone tissue. The main aim of this study was to fully characterize cortical bone and trabecular bone of long bones in both male and female Bmp3−/− mice. To investigate the effect of Bmp3 from birth to maturity, we compared Bmp3−/− mice with wild-type littermates at the following stages of postnatal development: 1 day (P0), 2 weeks (P14), 8 weeks and 16 weeks of age. Bmp3 deletion was confirmed using X-gal staining in P0 animals. Cartilage and bone tissue were examined in P14 animals using Alcian Blue/Alizarin Red staining. Detailed long bone analysis was performed in 8-week-old and 16-week-old animals using micro-CT. The Bmp3 reporter signal was localized in bone tissue, hair follicles, and lungs. Bone mineralization at 2 weeks of age was increased in long bones of Bmp3−/− mice. Bmp3 deletion was shown to affect the skeleton until adulthood, where increased cortical and trabecular bone parameters were found in young and adult mice of both sexes, while delayed mineralization of the epiphyseal growth plate was found in adult Bmp3−/− mice.
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9
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Degteva MO, Tolstykh EI, Shishkina EA, Sharagin PA, Zalyapin VI, Volchkova AY, Smith MA, Napier BA. Stochastic parametric skeletal dosimetry model for humans: General approach and application to active marrow exposure from bone-seeking beta-particle emitters. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257605. [PMID: 34648511 PMCID: PMC8516275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop a skeleton model for assessing active marrow dose from bone-seeking beta-emitting radionuclides. This article explains the modeling methodology which accounts for individual variability of the macro- and microstructure of bone tissue. Bone sites with active hematopoiesis are assessed by dividing them into small segments described by simple geometric shapes. Spongiosa, which fills the segments, is modeled as an isotropic three-dimensional grid (framework) of rod-like trabeculae that “run through” the bone marrow. Randomized multiple framework deformations are simulated by changing the positions of the grid nodes and the thickness of the rods. Model grid parameters are selected in accordance with the parameters of spongiosa microstructures taken from the published papers. Stochastic modeling of radiation transport in heterogeneous media simulating the distribution of bone tissue and marrow in each of the segments is performed by Monte Carlo methods. Model output for the human femur at different ages is provided as an example. The uncertainty of dosimetric characteristics associated with individual variability of bone structure was evaluated. An advantage of this methodology for the calculation of doses absorbed in the marrow from bone-seeking radionuclides is that it does not require additional studies of autopsy material. The biokinetic model results will be used in the future to calculate individual doses to members of a cohort exposed to 89,90Sr from liquid radioactive waste discharged to the Techa River by the Mayak Production Association in 1949–1956. Further study of these unique cohorts provides an opportunity to gain more in-depth knowledge about the effects of chronic radiation on the hematopoietic system. In addition, the proposed model can be used to assess the doses to active marrow under any other scenarios of 90Sr and 89Sr intake to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena A. Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Michael A. Smith
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Napier
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Meek MC, Best S, Cameron R. The effects of despeckling filters on pore size measurements in collagen scaffold micro-CT data. J Microsc 2021; 284:142-156. [PMID: 34296436 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Micro-CT is often used to assess the characteristics of porous structures such as tissue engineering scaffolds and trabecular bone. Prior to analysis, micro-CT images can be thresholded and filtered to remove noise. Scaffold pore size affects mechanical properties and biological cell behaviour and is a frequently assessed parameter. This paper identifies and characterizes an artefact affecting a commonly used filter which erroneously increases mean pore size. The 3D sweep despeckling filter removes all but the largest object within a volume of interest, and therefore deletes any disconnected objects located at the periphery, increasing measured mean pore size. This artefact is characterized, and effective methods to mitigate its effects are devised, involving despeckling a sufficiently large volume of interest, then reducing the volume of interest in size to remove the error prior to analysis. Techniques to effectively apply this method to other data sets are described. This method eliminates the artefact but is time-consuming and computationally expensive. Alternative, more economical filters which remove objects below a specified size are also assessed but are shown to be affected by the same artefact. These results will help to guide the implementation of future studies investigating the effects of pore size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt C Meek
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Serena Best
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Hwang YH, Jang SA, Lee A, Cho CW, Song YR, Hong HD, Ha H, Kim T. Polysaccharides isolated from lotus leaves (LLEP) exert anti-osteoporotic effects by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:449-456. [PMID: 32531355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera, more commonly known as the Indian lotus, is an important plant that has been incorporated into traditional herbal remedies along the years. Even today, lotus leaves are considered reservoirs for bioactive compounds that can be used as nutritional supplements to treat various human diseases. However, despite the wide ranging biological activities of lotus polysaccharides, limited information is available regarding the anti-osteoporotic effects of these substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of pectinase-assisted extractable polysaccharides from lotus leaves (LLEP) on estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. We found that LLEP markedly inhibited receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. It also revoked RANKL-induced activation of osteoclastogenic signals such as the expression of key transcription factors (i.e., c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1), resulting in a decrement in osteoclast-specific marker gene expressions. Microcomputed tomography and morphometric analysis revealed that a four-week oral administration of LLEP notably decreased trabecular bone loss. Taken together, our results suggest that LLEP can mitigate estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss by suppressing osteoclastogenesis, which makes it an excellent candidate for combating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Hwan Hwang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-A Jang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ami Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Cho
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ran Song
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Do Hong
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Ha
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Wang P, Wang S. Computer-aided CT image processing and modeling method for tibia microstructure. Biodes Manuf 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Alves T, Souza JF, Amaral VA, Rios AC, Costa T, Crescencio K, Batain F, Grotto D, Lima R, Filho LS, Junior JO, Severino P, Aranha N, Chaud M. Dense lamellar scaffold, biomimetically inspired, for reverse cardiac remodeling: Effect of proanthocyanidins and glutaraldehyde. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1678482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thais Alves
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Juliana Ferreira Souza
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Venancio Alves Amaral
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Alessandra Candida Rios
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Tais Costa
- Laboratory of Bioactivity Assessment and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Kessi Crescencio
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Fernando Batain
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Denise Grotto
- Laboratory of Toxicological Research, University of Sorocaba , Sorocaba, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Renata Lima
- Laboratory of Bioactivity Assessment and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Jose Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Physical Nuclear, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Patricia Severino
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, University of Tiradentes , Tiradentes , Brazil
| | - Norberto Aranha
- Technological and Environmental Processes, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Marco Chaud
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
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