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Singh S, Govekar A, Mazumdar D, Dhimmar A, Sahastrabudhe H, Gajjar A, Kumar P, Tothadi S, Dodiya PJ, Shinde UP, Mohanty AK, Shinde PB, Rathod MR. Glaucarubinone from Simarouba glauca DC. as a potential biocontrol agent for mosquito vector management. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38940013 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2371569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The study explored Simarouba glauca DC. for mosquito larvicidal potential by performing bioactivity-guided chemical investigation of its root extract resulting in isolation of the known bioactive metabolite glaucarubinone (1). Mosquito larvicidal activity of glaucarubinone (1) against the three vector species viz. Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus was determined using a modified WHO 2005 protocol. It was observed that Culex quinquefasciatus larvae were the most susceptible species with LC50 13.88 ppm and LC90 70.01 ppm followed by Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi at 24 h of exposure. The mode of action as observed microscopically is the lysis of midgut and thorax cells of the third instar larvae. The crystal structure of the glaucarubinone (1) is reported for the first time using X-ray crystallography. This phytochemical product has the potential to act as a green alternative to existing chemical-based insecticides for integrated vector management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Singh
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Abhishek Govekar
- Field Unit, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Panaji, Goa, India
| | - Debattam Mazumdar
- Field Unit, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Panaji, Goa, India
| | - Asmita Dhimmar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Harshal Sahastrabudhe
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Apexa Gajjar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Srinu Tothadi
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Prakash J Dodiya
- Division of Plant Omics, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Usha P Shinde
- Gyanmanjari Pharmacy College, Gyanmanjari Group of Colleges, Bhavnagar, India
| | | | - Pramod B Shinde
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Meena R Rathod
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gujarat, India
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Johari SA, Mohtar M, Mohammat MF, Abdul Rashid FNA, Bacho MZ, Mohamed A, Mohamad Ridhwan MJ, Syed Mohamad SA. Investigating the Antibacterial Effects of Synthetic Gamma-Lactam Heterocycles on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains and Assessing the Safety and Effectiveness of Lead Compound MFM514. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062575. [PMID: 36985547 PMCID: PMC10058495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to be one of the main causes of hospital-acquired infections in all regions of the world, while linezolid is one of the only commercially available oral antibiotics available against this dangerous gram-positive pathogen. In this study, the antibacterial activity from 32 analogues of synthetic gamma-lactam heterocycles against MRSA was determined. Amongst screened analogues for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, compound MFM514 displayed good inhibitory activity with MIC values of 7.8–15.6 µg/mL against 30 MRSA and 12 methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) clinical isolates, while cytotoxicity evaluations displayed a mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of > 625 µg/mL, displaying a potential to becoming as a lead compound. In subsequent animal studies for MFM514, a single-dose oral acute toxicity test revealed an estimated mean lethal dose (LD50) value of <5000 mg/kg, while in the mice infection test, a mean effective dose (ED50) value of 29.39 mg/kg was obtained via oral administration. These results suggest that gamma-lactam carbon skeleton, particularly MFM514, is highly recommended to be evaluated further as a new safe and efficacious orally delivered antibacterial agent against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Azmi Johari
- Bioactivity Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mastura Mohtar
- Bioactivity Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fazli Mohammat
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, Puncak Alam, Kuala Selangor 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Fatin Nur Ain Abdul Rashid
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, Puncak Alam, Kuala Selangor 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Zulfaqar Bacho
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, Puncak Alam, Kuala Selangor 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azman Mohamed
- Bioactivity Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bordean ME, Ungur RA, Toc DA, Borda IM, Marțiș GS, Pop CR, Filip M, Vlassa M, Nasui BA, Pop A, Cinteză D, Popa FL, Marian S, Szanto LG, Muste S. Antibacterial and Phytochemical Screening of Artemisia Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030596. [PMID: 36978844 PMCID: PMC10045255 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking into account the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, actual research focused on plant extracts is vital. The aim of our study was to investigate leaf and stem ethanolic extracts of Artemisia absinthium L. and Artemisia annua L. in order to explore their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Total phenolic content (TPC) was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS. The antibacterial activity of wormwood extracts was assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enteritidis cultures, and by zone of inhibition in Klebsiella carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Escherichia coli extended-spectrum β-lactamases cultures (ESBL). The Artemisia annua L. leaf extract (AnL) exhibited the highest TPC (518.09 mg/mL) and the highest expression of sinapic acid (285.69 ± 0.002 µg/mL). Nevertheless, the highest antioxidant capacity (1360.51 ± 0.04 µM Trolox/g DW by ABTS and 735.77 ± 0.02 µM Trolox/g DW by DPPH) was found in Artemisia absinthium L. leaf from the second year of vegetation (AbL2). AnL extract exhibited the lowest MIC and MBC for all tested bacteria and the maximal zone of inhibition for Klebsiella CRE and Escherichia coli ESBL. Our study revealed that AbL2 exhibited the best antioxidant potential, while AnL extract had the strongest antibacterial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Evelina Bordean
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 64 Calea Floresti, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Technology Transfer-BioTech, 64 Calea Florești, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Ana Ungur
- Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Alexandru Toc
- Department of Microbiology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ileana Monica Borda
- Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.M.B.); (G.S.M.)
| | - Georgiana Smaranda Marțiș
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 64 Calea Floresti, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Technology Transfer-BioTech, 64 Calea Florești, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.M.B.); (G.S.M.)
| | - Carmen Rodica Pop
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 64 Calea Floresti, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Technology Transfer-BioTech, 64 Calea Florești, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Miuța Filip
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Vlassa
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdana Adriana Nasui
- Department of Community Health, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Pop
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 64 Calea Floresti, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Technology Transfer-BioTech, 64 Calea Florești, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Delia Cinteză
- 9th Department-Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Carol Davila Univerity of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 București, Romania
| | - Florina Ligia Popa
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, Victoriei Blvd., 550024 Sibiu, Romania
- Academic Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, Coposu Blvd., 550245 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Sabina Marian
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lidia Gizella Szanto
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 64 Calea Floresti, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Technology Transfer-BioTech, 64 Calea Florești, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sevastița Muste
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 64 Calea Floresti, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Technology Transfer-BioTech, 64 Calea Florești, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Artemisia Species with High Biological Values as a Potential Source of Medicinal and Cosmetic Raw Materials. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196427. [PMID: 36234965 PMCID: PMC9571683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia species play a vital role in traditional and contemporary medicine. Among them, Artemisia abrotanum, Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia annua, Artemisia dracunculus, and Artemisia vulgaris are the most popular. The chemical composition and bioactivity of these species have been extensively studied. Studies on these species have confirmed their traditional applications and documented new pharmacological directions and their valuable and potential applications in cosmetology. Artemisia ssp. primarily contain sesquiterpenoid lactones, coumarins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Essential oils obtained from these species are of great biological importance. Extracts from Artemisia ssp. have been scientifically proven to exhibit, among others, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antidepressant, cytotoxic, and digestion-stimulating activities. In addition, their application in cosmetic products is currently the subject of several studies. Essential oils or extracts from different parts of Artemisia ssp. have been characterized by antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. Products with Artemisia extracts, essential oils, or individual compounds can be used on skin, hair, and nails. Artemisia products are also used as ingredients in skincare cosmetics, such as creams, shampoos, essences, serums, masks, lotions, and tonics. This review focuses especially on elucidating the importance of the most popular/important species of the Artemisia genus in the cosmetic industry.
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Chen YP, Wu HT, Hwang IE, Chen FF, Yao JY, Yin Y, Chen MY, Liaw LL, Kuo YC. Identification of the high-yield monacolin K strain from Monascus spp. and its submerged fermentation using different medicinal plants. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2022; 63:20. [PMID: 35779152 PMCID: PMC9250582 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-022-00351-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical plants confer various benefits to human health and their bioconversion through microbial fermentation can increase efficacy, reduce toxicity, conserve resources and produce new chemical components. In this study, the cholesterol-lowering monacolin K genes and content produced by Monascus species were identified. The high-yield monacolin K strain further fermented with various medicinal plants. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, red pigment and monacolin K content, total phenolic content, and metabolites in the fermented products were analyzed. RESULTS Monacolin K was detected in Monascus pilosus (BCRC 38072), and Monascus ruber (BCRC 31533, 31523, 31534, 31535, and 33323). It responded to the highly homologous mokA and mokE genes encoding polyketide synthase and dehydrogenase. The high-yield monacolin K strain, M. ruber BCRC 31535, was used for fermentation with various medicinal plants. A positive relationship between the antioxidant capacity and total phenol content of the fermented products was observed after 60 days of fermentation, and both declined after 120 days of fermentation. By contrast, red pigment and monacolin K accumulated over time during fermentation, and the highest monacolin K content was observed in the fermentation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, as confirmed by RT-qPCR. Moreover, Monascus-fermented medicinal plants including Paeonia lactiflora, Alpinia oxyphylla, G. uralensis, and rice were not cytotoxic. Only the product of Monascus-fermented G. uralensis significantly exhibited the anti-inflammatory capacity in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw264.7 cells. The metabolites of G. uralensis with and without fermentation (60 days) were compared by LC/MS. 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, and 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoate were considered to enhance the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability. CONCLUSIONS Given that highly homologous monacolin K and citrinin genes can be observed in Monascus spp., monacolin K produced by Monascus species without citrinin genes can be detected through the complementary methods of PCR and HPLC. In addition, the optimal fermentation time was important to the acquisition of antioxidants, red pigment and monacolin K. These bioactive substances were significantly affected by medicinal plants over fermentation time. Consequently, Monascus-fermented G. uralensis had a broad spectrum of biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pei Chen
- Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Hong-Tan Wu
- Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Ing-Er Hwang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Fang Chen
- Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Jeng-Yuan Yao
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Yiling Yin
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Department of Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Meng-Yun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Department of Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Li-Ling Liaw
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Cheng Kuo
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, HsinChu, Taiwan.
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Mohammed HA. Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Potential, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Traditionally Used Artemisia absinthium L. (Wormwood) Growing in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1028. [PMID: 35448756 PMCID: PMC9029736 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia absinthium, a plant distributed worldwide, has been reported for its numerous traditional uses, and its phytoconstituents have been investigated in several previous publications. The current study was designed to investigate the chemistry and quality; i.e., the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, of A. absinthium volatile oil from plant species growing in the central area of Saudi Arabia compared to reported data for the plant growing in other parts of the world. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) spectroscopic analyses, in addition to in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic assays, were conducted to fulfill the aims, and integrated the study's conclusion. A total of 34 compounds representing 99.98% of the essential oil of the plant were identified; among them, cis-davanone was found at the highest concentration (52.51%) compared to the other constituents. In addition, α-gurjunene (7.15%), chamazulene (3.38%), camphene (3.27), γ-eudesmol (2.49%), pinocarvone (2.18%), and ocimenone (2.03%) were also identified as major constituents of the plant's essential oil. The total percentage of davanones (53%) was the highest percentage found in the plant species growing elsewhere in the world. The antioxidant assays; i.e., the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity (DPPH-SA), evidenced the potential in vitro antioxidant activity of the A. absinthium essential oil, with 35.59, 10.54, and 24.00 mg Trolox equivalent per gram of the essential oil. In addition, the metal-cheating activity (MCA) of the essential oil was measured at 29.87 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) equivalent per gram of the essential oil. Moreover, a limited cytotoxic effect of the essential oil against all tested cell lines was observed, which might be considered as an indicator of the safety of A. absinthium as a worldwide edible plant. In conclusion, the study confirmed the variations in the A. absinthium essential oil constituents in response to the environmental conditions. The study also highlighted the potential health benefits of the plant's essential oil as an antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; ; Tel.: +966-566-176-074
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
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Mohammed S, Dekabo A, Hailu T. Phytochemical analysis and anti-microbial activities of Artemisia spp. and rapid isolation methods of artemisinin. AMB Express 2022; 12:17. [PMID: 35150378 PMCID: PMC8840944 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia species are important traditional medicinal plants of Ethiopia which are used for the treatment of infection and non-infection health problems. The genus Artemisia (Astraceae) consists of about 500 species worldwide. In this study, the main aim was to investigate chemical components of Artemisia spp. (A. abyssinica, A. absinthium and A. annua) and evaluate their antimicrobial activities against bacterial strains. The results indicated that the crude extract of these plants was effective against selected bacterial strains. Here we isolated the well-known antimalarial drug artemisinin (7 mg, 0.004%) from Artemisia annua leaves using a rapid n-hexane fractionation method. The n-hexane extract of A. abyssinica, ethyl acetate extract of A. absinthium and n-hexane of A. annua showed varying degrees of inhibiting effect against bacterial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 T, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC13076T, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC1053T, boydii ATCC1233T, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 T, hospital acquired Acinetobacter baumannii. The ethyl acetate extract of Artemisia absinthium (A.abe) showed the maximum inhibiting effect (35 mm) against A. baumannii. The minimum zone of inhibition (< 3 mm) was recorded for test extract of A.ap against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC1053T. Ethyl acetate extract of A, absinthium (A.abe) was more effective against these selected bacterial strains and the zone of inhibition ranged from 5 to 35 mm. The minimum inhibition zone (8 mm) was detected against S. typhimurium ATCC 13311 T for both A.ac and n-hexane- EtOAc fraction (8:2) of A, abyssinica. The maximum zone of inhibition (25 mm) for fraction (A.ach F4) of A, abyssinica obtained by column chromatography was recorded against S. pyogen ATCC 19,615. However, there was no zone of inhibition detected for boydii ATCC1233T due to these test extracts. Significant variations (P ≥ 0.05) were observed between all test extracts of these medicinal plants at 95% of confidence intervals. In this study, clear zones of inhibition were detected for the positive control (standard impregnated disks). Based on our results we recommend that various species of Artemisia spp. seem to have the potential for in-depth investigation for various antimicrobial activities that assisting the effort in searching for antimicrobial lead compounds.
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Duraisamy SS, Vijayakumar N, Rajendran J, Venkatesan A, Kartha B, Kandasamy SP, Nicoletti M, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Khaled JM, Govindarajan M. Facile synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the Simarouba glauca leaf extract and their impact on biological outcomes: A novel perspective for nano-drug development. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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New Evidence for Artemisia absinthium L. Application in Gastrointestinal Ailments: Ethnopharmacology, Antimicrobial Capacity, Cytotoxicity, and Phenolic Profile. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9961089. [PMID: 34335850 PMCID: PMC8324356 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9961089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae) is traditionally used for gastrointestinal ailments and disorders linked to numerous risk factors including microbial infections. We aimed to provide contemporary evidence for its ethnopharmacological use and determine its antimicrobial capacity and mode of action, cytotoxicity, and phenolic constituents. Ethnopharmacological survey was conducted using semistructured interviews. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm capacities were determined by microdilution/crystal violet assay, respectively. Modes of action tested include estimation of exopolysaccharide production (congo red binding assay) and interference with membrane integrity (crystal violet uptake and nucleotide leakage assay). Cytotoxicity was determined using crystal violet assay. Polyphenolic profiling was done by advanced liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ OrbiTrap MS). Artemisia absinthium in Serbia is traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders, among others. Further study revealed high antifungal capacity of herb ethanolic extract towards range of Candida species (MIC 0.5–1 mg/mL) along with promising antibacterial activities (MIC 0.25–4 mg/mL). Interference with membrane integrity could be observed as a possible antimicrobial mechanism. Antibiofilm potential can be considered as high (towards C. krusei) to limited (towards P. aeruginosa) and moderate based on reduction in exopolysaccharide content. In concentrations up to 400 µg/mL, no cytotoxicity was observed towards HaCaT and HGF-1 cell lines. Polyphenolic analysis revealed twenty-one different constituents. A. absinthium usage as a gastrointestinal ailment remedy has been confirmed in vitro by its antimicrobial capacity towards microorganisms whose presence is linked to the diseases and associated complications and noncytotoxic nature of the natural product. The observed activities could be attributed to the present phenolic compounds.
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Monzote L, Scherbakov AM, Scull R, Satyal P, Cos P, Shchekotikhin AE, Gille L, Setzer WN. Essential Oil from Melaleuca leucadendra: Antimicrobial, Antikinetoplastid, Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Assessment. Molecules 2020; 25:E5514. [PMID: 33255562 PMCID: PMC7728144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are known for their use in cosmetics, food industries, and traditional medicine. This study presents the chemical composition and therapeutic properties against kinetoplastid and eukaryotic cells of the EO from Melaleucaleucadendra (L.) L. (Myrtaceae). Forty-five compounds were identified in the oil by GC-MS, containing a major component the 1,8-cineole (61%). The EO inhibits the growth of Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma brucei at IC50 values <10 μg/mL. However, 1,8 cineole was not the main compound responsible for the activity. Against malignant (22Rv1, MCF-7, EFO-21, including resistant sublines MCF-7/Rap and MCF-7/4OHTAMO) and non-malignant (MCF-10A, J774A.1 and peritoneal macrophage) cells, IC50 values from 55 to 98 μg/mL and from 94 to 144 μg/mL were obtained, respectively. However, no activity was observed on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Candida parapsilosis, Microsporum canis, or Trypanosoma cruzi. The EO was able to control the lesion size and parasite burden in the model of cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice caused by L. amazonensis compared to untreated animals (p < 0.05) and similar with those treated with Glucantime® (p > 0.05). This work constitutes the first evidence of antiproliferative potentialities of EO from M. leucadendra growing in Cuba and could promote further preclinical investigations to confirm the medical value of this plant, in particular for leishmaniasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianet Monzote
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kouri”, 10400 Havana, Cuba
| | - Alexander M. Scherbakov
- Department of Experimental Tumor Biology, Blokhin N.N. National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye sh., Moscow 115522, Russia;
| | - Ramón Scull
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Food, Havana University, La Coronela, La Lisa, 13600 Havana, Cuba;
| | - Prabodh Satyal
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Andrey E. Shchekotikhin
- Laboratory of Chemical Transformations of Antibiotics, Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 11 B. Pirogovskaya St., Moscow 119021, Russia;
| | - Lars Gille
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
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Szopa A, Pajor J, Klin P, Rzepiela A, Elansary HO, Al-Mana FA, Mattar MA, Ekiert H. Artemisia absinthium L.-Importance in the History of Medicine, the Latest Advances in Phytochemistry and Therapeutical, Cosmetological and Culinary Uses. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091063. [PMID: 32825178 PMCID: PMC7570121 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia absinthium-wormwood (Asteraceae)-is a very important species in the history of medicine, formerly described in medieval Europe as "the most important master against all exhaustions". It is a species known as a medicinal plant in Europe and also in West Asia and North America. The raw material obtained from this species is Absinthii herba and Artemisiae absinthii aetheroleum. The main substances responsible for the biological activity of the herb are: the essential oil, bitter sesquiterpenoid lactones, flavonoids, other bitterness-imparting compounds, azulenes, phenolic acids, tannins and lignans. In the official European medicine, the species is used in both allopathy and homeopathy. In the traditional Asian and European medicine, it has been used as an effective agent in gastrointestinal ailments and also in the treatment of helminthiasis, anaemia, insomnia, bladder diseases, difficult-to-heal wounds, and fever. Today, numerous other directions of biological activity of the components of this species have been demonstrated and confirmed by scientific research, such as antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, analgesic, neuroprotective, anti-depressant, procognitive, neurotrophic, and cell membrane stabilizing and antioxidant activities. A. absinthium is also making a successful career as a cosmetic plant. In addition, the importance of this species as a spice plant and valuable additive in the alcohol industry (famous absinthe and vermouth-type wines) has not decreased. The species has also become an object of biotechnological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (H.E.); Tel.: +48-(12)-6205436 (A.S.); +48-(12)-6205430 (H.E.); Fax: +48-(62)-05440 (A.S.); +48-(62)-05440 (H.E.)
| | - Joanna Pajor
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Paweł Klin
- Family Medicine Clinic, Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum (MVZ) Burgbernheim GmbH, Gruene Baumgasse 2, 91593 Burgbernheim, Germany;
| | - Agnieszka Rzepiela
- Museum of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Floriańska 25, 31-019 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (H.O.E.); (F.A.A.-M.)
- Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture, and Garden Design Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management, and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Fahed A. Al-Mana
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (H.O.E.); (F.A.A.-M.)
| | - Mohamed A. Mattar
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (H.E.); Tel.: +48-(12)-6205436 (A.S.); +48-(12)-6205430 (H.E.); Fax: +48-(62)-05440 (A.S.); +48-(62)-05440 (H.E.)
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12
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Barros Cota B, Batista Carneiro de Oliveira D, Carla Borges T, Cristina Catto A, Valverde Serafim C, Rogelis Aquiles Rodrigues A, Kohlhoff M, Leomar Zani C, Assunção Andrade A. Antifungal activity of extracts and purified saponins from the rhizomes of Chamaecostus cuspidatus against Candida and Trichophyton species. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:61-75. [PMID: 32654270 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the antifungal activity of extracts of Chamaecostus cuspidatus against Candida and Trichophyton species. METHODS AND RESULTS Crude ethanol extracts of leaves, stems and rhizomes were prepared and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Only the rhizomes extract (RE) showed antifungal activity but had no inhibitory effect against bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). The RE was then submitted to liquid-liquid partition with hexane (Hex), dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. The Hex fraction (Hex Fr) from the RE was found to have the best antifungal effect. Three known saponins were isolated from the Hex Fr, of which two (dioscin and aferoside A) showed good antifungal activity. In addition, Hex Fr and the two bioactive compounds had no antibacterial effect, but exhibited fungicidal activity, caused significant changes in the morphology of the fungal cells and showed anti-Candida albicans biofilm activity. Finally, the bioactive plant products presented greater selectivity for fungal cells over normal human cells. CONCLUSIONS The rhizomes of C. cuspidatus have bioactive saponins that function as effective antifungals against Candida and Trichophyton species, and have antibiofilm activity against C. albicans. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Chamaecostus cuspidatus REs may have potential clinical application towards the management of superficial mycoses caused by Candida and Trichophyton species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Barros Cota
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - D Batista Carneiro de Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - T Carla Borges
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - A Cristina Catto
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - C Valverde Serafim
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - A Rogelis Aquiles Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Farmacologia e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - M Kohlhoff
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - C Leomar Zani
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A Assunção Andrade
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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Bioactive Compounds, Pharmacological Actions, and Pharmacokinetics of Wormwood ( Artemisia absinthium). Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9060353. [PMID: 32585887 PMCID: PMC7345338 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used since ancient times to cure certain infectious diseases, and some of them are now standard treatments for several diseases. Due to the side effects and resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics and most drugs on the market, a great deal of attention has been paid to extracts and biologically active compounds isolated from plant species used in herbal medicine. Artemisia absinthium is an important perennial shrubby plant that has been widely used for the treatment of several ailments. Traditionally, A. absinthium has always been of pharmaceutical and botanical importance and used to manage several disorders including hepatocyte enlargement, hepatitis, gastritis, jaundice, wound healing, splenomegaly, dyspepsia, indigestion, flatulence, gastric pain, anemia, and anorexia. It has also been documented to possess antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, anti-ulcer, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antidepressant, analgesic, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic activity. Long-term use of A. absinthium essential oil may cause toxic and mental disorders in humans with clinical manifestations including convulsions, sleeplessness, and hallucinations. Combination chemotherapies of artemisia extract or its isolated active constituents with the currently available antibabesial or anti-malarial drugs are now documented to relieve malaria and piroplasmosis infections. The current review examines the phytoconstituents, toxic and biological activities of A. absinthium.
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14
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Melaleuca leucadendra Essential Oil Promotes Loss of Cell Membrane and Wall Integrity and Inhibits Bacterial Growth: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:2181-2191. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Khan MF, Tang H, Lyles JT, Pineau R, Mashwani ZUR, Quave CL. Antibacterial Properties of Medicinal Plants From Pakistan Against Multidrug-Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:815. [PMID: 30116190 PMCID: PMC6082950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Local people in the Sudhnoti district of Pakistan share a rich practice of traditional medicine for the treatment of a variety of ailments. We selected nine plants from the Sudhnoti ethnopharmacological tradition used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disease. Our aim was to evaluate the in vitro anti-infective potential of extracts from these species against multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) pathogens. Plant specimens were collected in the Sudhnoti district of Pakistan and vouchers deposited in Pakistan and the USA. Dried bulk specimens were ground into a fine powder and extracted by aqueous decoction and maceration in ethanol. Extracts were assessed for growth inhibitory activity against ESKAPE pathogens and biofilm and quorum sensing activity was assessed in Staphylococcus aureus. Cytotoxicity to human cells was assessed via a lactate dehydrogenase assay of treated human keratinocytes (HaCaTs). Four ethanolic extracts (Zanthoxylum armatum, Adiantum capillus-venaris, Artemisia absinthium, and Martynia annua) inhibited the growth of MDR strains of ESKAPE pathogens (IC50: 256 μg mL-1). All extracts, with the exception of Pyrus pashia and M. annua, exhibited significant quorum quenching in a reporter strain for S. aureus agr I. The ethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruits (Extract 1290) inhibited quorum sensing (IC50 32-256 μg mL-1) in S. aureus reporter strains for agr I-III. The quorum quenching activity of extract 1290 was validated by detection of δ-toxin in the bacterial supernatant, with concentrations of 64-256 μg mL-1 sufficient to yield a significant drop in δ-toxin production. None of the extracts inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation at sub-inhibitory concentrations for growth. All extracts were well tolerated by human keratinocytes (LD50 ≥ 256 μg mL-1). Chemical analysis of extract 1290 by liquid chromatography-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (LC-FTMS) revealed the presence of 29 compounds, including eight with putative structural matches. In conclusion, five out of the nine selected anti-infective medicinal plants exhibited growth inhibitory activity against at least one MDR ESKAPE pathogen at concentrations not harmful to human keratinocytes. Furthermore, Z. armatum was identified as a source of quorum quenching natural products and further bioassay-guided fractionation of this species is merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faraz Khan
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.,Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Botany, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - James T Lyles
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rozenn Pineau
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zia-Ur-Rahman Mashwani
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Cassandra L Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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16
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Naß J, Efferth T. The activity of Artemisia spp. and their constituents against Trypanosomiasis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 47:184-191. [PMID: 30166103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trypanosomiasis belongs to the neglected tropical diseases. Although standard therapies are available, the safety and efficacy of current synthetic drugs are limited due to the development of drug resistance and adverse side effects. PURPOSE Artemisia annua and artemisinin are not only active against Plasmodia, but also other protozoa. Therefore, we reviewed the literature on species of the genus Artemisia and their phytochemicals regarding their activity against trypanosomes. STUDY DESIGN A PubMed search for "Artemisia/Artemisinin and Trypanosoma" has been conducted for literature until December 2017. RESULTS Interestingly, not only A. annua L. and its active principle, artemisinin revealed inhibitory activity towards trypanosomes. Other Artemisia species (A. absinthium, A. abyssinica, A. afra, A. douglasia, A. elegantissima, A. maciverae, A. mexicana, and A. roxburghiana) also inhibited T. brucei, T. cruzi, or T. congolense. The plants contained numerous chemical constituents including 3',4'-dihydroxybonanzin, apigenin, betulinic acid, bonanzin, dehydroleucodine, dihydroluteolin, dracunculin and bis-dracunculin, helenalin, nepetin, scoparol, scopoletin, stigmasterol, (Z)-p‑hydroxy cinnamic acid, β-sitosterol and others. In addition to artemisinin from A. annua, artemether and artesunate, further novel artemisinin derivatives and nanotechnological preparations may also be useful to combat Trypanosoma infections. CONCLUSION There are numerous results reporting on the anti-trypanosomal activity the genus Artemisia, artemisinin and its derivatives and other phytochemicals from Artemisia species. This field of research is, however, still in its infancy and more intensive research is required to explore the full potential of diverse Artemisia species and their chemical ingredients for eradication of trypanosomal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Naß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany.
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17
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Sharifi-Rad J, Salehi B, Varoni EM, Sharopov F, Yousaf Z, Ayatollahi SA, Kobarfard F, Sharifi-Rad M, Afdjei MH, Sharifi-Rad M, Iriti M. Plants of the Melaleuca Genus as Antimicrobial Agents: From Farm to Pharmacy. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1475-1494. [PMID: 28782167 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Plants belonging to Melaleuca genus (Myrtaceae family) are native to Oceania, where they have been used for ages by Aborigine people in Australian traditional medicine, mainly because of their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Although, M. linariifolia, M. dissitiflora, and other species of Melaleuca can also be used, the tea tree oil, an essential oil obtained from M. alternifolia shows the longest history of medicinal uses. Tea tree oil contains for the 80-90% several monoterpenes (terpinen-4-ol, α-terpinene, 1,8-cineol, p-cymene, α-terpineol, α-pinene, terpinolene, limonene, and sabinene). Sesquiterpenes and aromatic compounds further compose this oil. The essential oil of Melaleuca spp. has been reported to possess effective antibacterial and antifungal properties in vitro. In particular, data show that 1,8-cineol, terpinen-4-ol and methyl eugenol play the key role in mediating this oil's antimicrobial activity. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milan State University, via Beldiletto 1/3, Milan, 20142, Italy
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, 734003, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Zubaida Yousaf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, 61663-335, Iran
| | | | - Majid Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
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18
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Leyva M, French-Pacheco L, Quintana F, Montada D, Castex M, Hernandez A, Marquetti MDC. Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake (Myrtales: Myrtaceae): Natural alternative for mosquito control. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:979-984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Desaulniers A, Lamberson W, Safranski T. Prenatal heat stress reduces male anogenital distance at birth and adult testis size, which are rescued by concurrent maternal Artemisia absinthium consumption. J Therm Biol 2016; 57:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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In vitro inhibitory and cytotoxic activity of MFM 501, a novel codonopsinine derivative, against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:823829. [PMID: 25710030 PMCID: PMC4331153 DOI: 10.1155/2015/823829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
28 new pyrrolidine types of compounds as analogues for natural polyhydroxy alkaloids of codonopsinine were evaluated for their anti-MRSA activity using MIC and MBC value determination assay against a panel of S. aureus isolates. One pyrrolidine compound, MFM 501, exhibited good inhibitory activity with MIC value of 15.6 to 31.3 μg/mL against 55 S. aureus isolates (43 MRSA and 12 MSSA isolates). The active compound also displayed MBC values between 250 and 500 μg/mL against 58 S. aureus isolates (45 MRSA and 13 MSSA isolates) implying that MFM 501 has a bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal effect against both MRSA and MSSA isolates. In addition, MFM 501 showed no apparent cytotoxicity activity towards three normal cell lines (WRL-68, Vero, and 3T3) with IC50 values of >625 µg/mL. Selectivity index (SI) of MFM 501 gave a value of >10 suggesting that MFM 501 is significant and suitable for further in vivo investigations. These results suggested that synthetically derived intermediate compounds based on natural products may play an important role in the discovery of new anti-infective agents against MRSA.
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Monzote L, Piñón A, Scull R, Setzer WN. Chemistry and Leishmanicidal Activity of the Essential Oil from Artemisia absinthium from Cuba. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, natural products have been a rich source of lead molecules in drug discovery. In particular, products to treat infectious diseases have been developed and several reports about potentialities of essential oils (EO) against Leishmania could be found. In this study, we report the chemical characterization, anti-leishmanial effects and cytotoxicity of the EO from Artemisia absinthium L. Chemical analysis revealed the EO to be composed of 18 compounds, 11 of which were identified, accounting for 64.1% of the composition. The main component of the EO was trans-sabinyl acetate, which made up 36.7%. In vitro anti-leishmanial screening showed that the A. absinthium EO inhibited the growth of promastigotes (14.4 ± 3.6 μg/mL) and amastigotes (13.4 ± 2.4 μg/mL) of L. amazonensis; while cytotoxicity evaluation caused 6 fold higher values than those for the parasites. In a model of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice, five doses of EO at 30 mg/kg by intralesional route demonstrated control of lesion size and parasite burden ( p< 0.05) compared with animals treated with glucantime and untreated mice. In conclusion, in vitro and in vivo results showed the potential of EO from A. absinthium as a promising source for lead or active compounds against Leishmania, which could be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianet Monzote
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
| | - Abel Piñón
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
| | - Ramón Scull
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food, Havana University, Cuba
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
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In vitro efficacy of ethanolic extract of Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae) against Leishmania major L. using cell sensitivity and flow cytometry assays. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:735-40. [PMID: 27605775 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected human diseases with an estimated global burden ranking second in mortality and fourth in morbidity among the tropical infections. Chemotherapy involving the use of drugs like glucantime is the mainstay treatment in endemic areas of Iran. Drug resistance is increasingly prevalent, so search for alternative therapy is gathering pace. Medicinal herbs, like wormwood Artemisia, have chemical compounds effective against a number of pathogens. In this study, the efficacy of ethanol extract from Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae) against Leishmania major L. was investigated in vitro. The outcome of different effective doses (1-40 mg/ml) of ethanol extracts from this medicinal herb, A. absinthium, on a standard Iranian parasite strain of L. major was examined. The L. major promastigote cell sensitivity and mortality or viability effects due to the addition of herbal extract were measured using the MTT assay and the flow cytometry technique, respectively. There was complete agreement between the two assays. The lethal concentration (LC50) was measured as 101 mg/ml. Some contrasting relationships between the medicinal herb concentrations and the viability of parasites were observed; so that there was an increased multiplication of the parasite at low concentrations of the drug, but an anti-parasitic apoptotic effect was seen at high concentrations of A. absinthium. It was concluded that there might be one or more chemical constituents within the herbal extract of wormwood which at high concentration controlled cell division and affected the relevant activity within the only one giant mitochondrion in this flagellate parasite. At low doses, however, it showed the opposite effect of leading to mitotic cell divisions.
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Alves IA, Miranda HM, Soares LA, Randau KP. Simaroubaceae family: botany, chemical composition and biological activities. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Baldissera MD, Da Silva AS, Oliveira CB, Santos RC, Vaucher RA, Raffin RP, Gomes P, Dambros MG, Miletti LC, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Monteiro SG. Trypanocidal action of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) against Trypanosoma evansi in vitro and in vivo used mice as experimental model. Exp Parasitol 2014; 141:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Obistioiu D, Cristina RT, Schmerold I, Chizzola R, Stolze K, Nichita I, Chiurciu V. Chemical characterization by GC-MS and in vitro activity against Candida albicans of volatile fractions prepared from Artemisia dracunculus, Artemisia abrotanum, Artemisia absinthium and Artemisia vulgaris. Chem Cent J 2014; 8:6. [PMID: 24475951 PMCID: PMC3907663 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-8-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of essential oils is reported to have significant activity against Candida albicans. But the different chemical composition influences the degree of their activity. The intention of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and the activity against Candida albicans of volatile oils obtained from Artemisia dracunculus, A. abrotanum, A. absinthium and A. vulgaris (Asteraceae). The aim of the study was to identify new chemical compounds that have effect against C. albicans.The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation or extraction with dichloromethane (a new procedure we developed trying to obtain better, more separated compounds) from air dried above ground plant material and analyzed by GC-MS. Additionally commercial essential oils from the same species were tested. The Candida albicans inhibition studies were carried out by the paper disc diffusion method. RESULTS The essential oils shared common components but presented differences in composition and showed variable antifungal activity. Davanone and derivatives thereof, compounds with silphiperfolane skeleton, estragole, davanone oil, β-thujone, sabinyl acetate, herniarin, cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, 1,8-cineol, and terpineol were the main components of Artemisia volatiles. CONCLUSIONS Among the volatile fractions tested those from A. abrotanum containing davanone or silphiperfolane derivatives showed the highest antifungal activity. The in vitro tests revealed that the Artemisia oils are promising candidates for further research to develop novel anti-candida drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Romeo T Cristina
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Timisoara, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calea Aradului no 119, Timisoara 300645, Romania.
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Joshi RK. Volatile composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium growing in Western Ghats region of North West Karnataka, India. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:888-892. [PMID: 23570523 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.768676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae) is an aromatic, herbaceous, perennial plant commonly known as wormwood. Artemisia absinthium is traditionally used as an anthelmintic, antiseptic, antispasmodic and for bacillary dysentery, cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE The essential oil composition of the leaves of A. absinthium growing in the Western Ghats region of North West Karnataka, India, is investigated for the first time in this region and the oil was screened for antimicrobial properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of the hydro-distilled essential oil obtained from the leaves of A. absinthium was analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The oil was tested against five Gram positive and, eight Gram negative bacteria and three fungi by the tube-dilution method at a concentration range of 5000-9 µg/mL. RESULTS Results demonstrated that the leave oil was found to be rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (39.7% and 41.1%). The major compounds were borneol (18.7% and 16.7%), methyl hinokiate (11.9% and 12.9%), isobornyl acetate (4.0% and 4.7%), β-gurjunene (3.8% and 4.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.7% and 4.3%), among 64 identified compounds, comprising 91.7% and 90.1% of the total oil. The organism Micrococcus luteus was found more susceptible to the oil with an MIC value of 25 ± 4 µg/mL, followed by Micrococcus flavus, Bacillus subtilis, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus fumigatus with MIC values of 58 ± 8, 65 ± 8, 84 ± 15 and 91 ± 13 µg/mL, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The oil showing antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi validate the traditional use of the plant as an antiseptic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Joshi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
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Yousif F, Wassel G, Boulos L, Labib T, Mahmoud K, El-Hallouty S, El Bardicy S, Mahmoud S, Ramzy F, Gohar L, El-Manawaty M, El Gendy MAM, Fayad W, El-Menshawi B. Contribution to in vitro screening of Egyptian plants for schistosomicidal activity. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:732-739. [PMID: 22133013 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.625952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT This study is a continuation of our previous work in which a bioassay screening of 346 methanol extracts from 281 Egyptian plant species was carried out for in vitro schistosomicidal activity. OBJECTIVE Another 309 methanol extracts from 278 plant species were subjected to the bioassay screening using the same technique on viable Schistosoma mansoni Sambon (Schistosomatidae) mature worms in specialized culture medium (Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium 1640) in a trial to discover a source for a schistosomiasis drug from Egyptian flora. MATERIAL AND METHODS The methanol plant extracts were tested in vitro against viable S. mansoni mature worms in culture medium. Viability of worms was examined after exposure to 100 μg/ml of the extract in the medium for 24 h. Negative (dimethyl sulfoxide) and positive (praziquantel) controls were simultaneously used. Extracts showing schistosomicidal activity were further subjected to determination of their (Lethal concentration) LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values. RESULTS Confirmed in vitro antischistosomal activity was found in 42 extracts. Of these, 14 plant species possessed considerably high antischistosomal activity (LC₅₀ ≤ 15 µg/ml), viz. Callistemon viminalis (Soland. Ex Gaertn) Cheel, C. rigidus R.Br., C. speciosus (Sims.) DC, C. citrinus Stapf, Eucalyptus citriodora Hook, E. rostrata Dehnh., Eugenia edulis Vell, E. javanica Lam syn. Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merril, Melaleuca leucadendron (L.) L., M. stypheloides Sm. (all belong to Myrtaceae), Cryptostegia grandiflora R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae), Zilla spinosa (L.) Prantl (Cruciferae), Ficus trijuja L. (Moraceae) and Fagonia mollis Delile (Zygophylacae). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These species may represent additional natural sources of bioactive material that deserve further investigation for drug discovery against schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Yousif
- Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Schistosome Biological Supply Center, Cairo, Imbaba, Egypt.
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Integrated dataset of screening hits against multiple neglected disease pathogens. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2011; 5:e1412. [PMID: 22247786 PMCID: PMC3243694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New chemical entities are desperately needed that overcome the limitations of existing drugs for neglected diseases. Screening a diverse library of 10,000 drug-like compounds against 7 neglected disease pathogens resulted in an integrated dataset of 744 hits. We discuss the prioritization of these hits for each pathogen and the strong correlation observed between compounds active against more than two pathogens and mammalian cell toxicity. Our work suggests that the efficiency of early drug discovery for neglected diseases can be enhanced through a collaborative, multi-pathogen approach.
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Valdés AFC, Martínez JM, Lizama RS, Gaitén YG, Rodríguez DA, Payrol JA. In vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity of some selected cuban medicinal plants. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2010; 52:197-201. [DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652010000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial plants have been demonstrated to be sources of antimalarial compounds. In Cuba, little is known about antimalarial potentials of plant species used as medicinals. For that reason, we evaluated the antimalarial activity of 14 plant species used in Cuba as antimalarial, antipyretic and/or antiparasitic. Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared and tested in vitro for the antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum Ghana strain and over human cell line MRC-5 to determine cytotoxicity. Parasite multiplication was determined microscopically by the direct count of Giemsa stained parasites. A colorimetric assay was used to quantify cytotoxicity. Nine extracts showed IC50 values lower than 100 µg/mL against P. falciparum, four extracts were classified as marginally active (SI < 4), one as partially active (Parthenium hysterophorus) exhibiting SI equal to 6.2 and two extracts as active (Bambusa vulgaris and Punica granatum), showing SI > 10. B. vulgaris showed the most potent and specific antiplasmodial action (IC50 = 4.7 µg/mL, SI = 28.9). Phytochemical characterization of active extracts confirmed the presence of triterpenoids in B. vulgaris and polar compounds with phenol free groups and fluorescent metabolites in both extracts as major phytocompounds, by thin layer chromatography. In conclusion, antimalarial use of B. vulgaris and P. hysterophorus was validated. B. vulgaris and P. granatum extracts were selected for follow-up because of their strong antimalarial activity.
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