1
|
de Pádua BR, Dias RA, Fioravanti MCS, Borsanelli AC. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with equine infectious anemia in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Prev Vet Med 2022; 209:105781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
2
|
Machado G, Corbellini LG, Frias-De-Diego A, Dieh GN, Dos Santos DV, Jara M, de Freitas Costa E. Impact of changes of horse movement regulations on the risks of equine infectious anemia: A risk assessment approach. Prev Vet Med 2021; 190:105319. [PMID: 33713963 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is a transboundary disease affecting a large number of equines worldwide. In this study, we assessed the transmission risk of EIAV in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Serum samples from 1010 animals from 341 farms were initially analyzed using agar gel immunodiffusion to detect viral antibodies, and no antibody-positive animals were found. A risk assessment stochastic model was applied to generate the expected number of potential infections per month and to estimate the time to new infections. Our results estimated 6.5 months as the interval for new infections in the worst-case scenario. Among the variables evaluated, the number of transported animals and the test sensitivity influenced the model the most. These results were then used to revisit the impact of EIAV control regulations, which triggered a change in the diagnostic testing required for animal movement, in which the validity of a negative test for EIAV was extended from 60 to 180 days. Finally, revisiting the annual average of infected farms before and after the new regulation, the number of infected farms increased pre-implementation, and then, the number of culled animals increased, which should impact future EIAV incidence in this region. Our results demonstrated the importance of constant reviews of disease control programs and provided quantitative-based knowledge for decision-makers in official veterinary services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Machado
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Luis Gustavo Corbellini
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology (Epilab), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Alba Frias-De-Diego
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Gustavo Nogueira Dieh
- Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness of State of Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA-RS), Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1384, CEP: 95150-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Viali Dos Santos
- Departamento de Saúde Animal, Secretaria de Defesa Agropecuária, Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Manuel Jara
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Eduardo de Freitas Costa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology (Epilab), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cursino AE, Lima MT, Nogueira MF, de Aguiar DM, Franco Luiz APM, Alves PA, Araujo Junior JP, Kroon EG. Identification of large genetic variations in the equine infectious anemia virus tat-gag genomic region. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:3424-3432. [PMID: 33283463 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aetiological agent of equine infectious anaemia (EIA) is the retrovirus equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) that infects all members of the Equidae family. The EIA is widely disseminated in the Brazilian territory with a high seroprevalence in the Brazilian Pantanal and is mainly diagnosed using agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID). There are few complete EIAV genome sequences available in GenBank, which had an impact on molecular detection studies. In this study, we conducted molecular detection and sequencing of EIAV proviral DNA from Brazilian horses. We analysed the genomic region from exon 1 of tat to gag (tat-gag). Comparative serological tests, comprising AGID and two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), were also conducted. Of the 133 samples, 58 were positive in the tat-gag PCR, and 49 nucleotide sequences of 272 bp were obtained. Using this developed tat-gag PCR EIAV proviral DNA was detected in 7% of the AGID-negative samples and 26% of the AGID-negative samples were positive in at least one of the ELISA tests used. Using phylogenetic analysis, the Brazilian Pantanal EIAV sequences grouped in a different clade of EIAV sequences from other countries. Thus, the EIAV sequences can contribute to the knowledge of the tat-gag genomic region in the circulating viruses in the Brazilian Pantanal, in addition to providing new information about the genetic diversity. In addition, the serological results demonstrate the greater sensitivity of the ELISAs used in this study compared to AGID for EIA diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Elisa Cursino
- Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Maurício Teixeira Lima
- Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Daniel Moura de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Virologia e Rickettsioses, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Erna Geessien Kroon
- Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Câmara RJF, Bueno BL, Resende CF, Balasuriya UBR, Sakamoto SM, dos Reis JKP. Viral Diseases that Affect Donkeys and Mules. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122203. [PMID: 33255568 PMCID: PMC7760297 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Donkeys have been neglected and threatened by abandonment, indiscriminate slaughter, and a lack of proper sanitary management. They are often treated as “small horses.” However, donkeys and horses have significant genetic, physiological, and behavioral differences. Specific knowledge about viral infectious diseases that affect donkeys and mules is important to mitigate disease outbreaks. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a brief update on viral diseases of donkeys and mules and ways to prevent their spread. Abstract Donkeys (Equus asinus) and mules represent approximately 50% of the entire domestic equine herd in the world and play an essential role in the lives of thousands of people, primarily in developing countries. Despite their importance, donkeys are currently a neglected and threatened species due to abandonment, indiscriminate slaughter, and a lack of proper sanitary management. Specific knowledge about infectious viral diseases that affect this group of Equidae is still limited. In many cases, donkeys and mules are treated like horses, with the physiological differences between these species usually not taken into account. Most infectious diseases that affect the Equidae family are exclusive to the family, and they have a tremendous economic impact on the equine industry. However, some viruses may cross the species barrier and affect humans, representing an imminent risk to public health. Nevertheless, even with such importance, most studies are conducted on horses (Equus caballus), and there is little comparative information on infection in donkeys and mules. Therefore, the objective of this article is to provide a brief update on viruses that affect donkeys and mules, thereby compromising their performance and well-being. These diseases may put them at risk of extinction in some parts of the world due to neglect and the precarious conditions they live in and may ultimately endanger other species’ health and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Jéssica Falcão Câmara
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Bruna Lopes Bueno
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Cláudia Fideles Resende
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Udeni B. R. Balasuriya
- Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, River Rd, Room 1043, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
| | - Sidnei Miyoshi Sakamoto
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar do Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde (DCS), Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte 59625-900, Brazil;
| | - Jenner Karlisson Pimenta dos Reis
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-31-3409-2100
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Naves JHF, Oliveira FG, Bicalho JM, Santos PS, Machado-de-Ávila RA, Chavez-Olortegui C, Leite RC, Reis JK. Serological diagnosis of equine infectious anemia in horses, donkeys and mules using an ELISA with a gp45 synthetic peptide as antigen. J Virol Methods 2019; 266:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
6
|
Gressler LT, Machado G, da Silveira BP, Cohen ND, Corbellini LG, Leotti VB, Diehl GN, Dos Santos LC, de Vargas AC. Prevalence of Rhodococcus equi from the nasal cavity of 1010 apparently healthy horses. Equine Vet J 2018; 50:667-671. [PMID: 29341220 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodococcus equi is an important cause of foal pneumonia. While its isolation from different sources has been widely evaluated, there is a need to better understand the R. equi epidemiology from samples of the nasal cavity of healthy horses. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of R. equi from the nasal cavity of healthy horses, along with its virulence profile, antimicrobial susceptibility and environmental variables associated. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Swabs from the nasal cavity of 1010 apparently healthy horses from 341 farms were submitted for bacteriological analyses. The identity and virulence profile of the R. equi isolates were assessed by multiplex PCR; antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk-diffusion method. The occurrence of R. equi was calculated at the level of both animal and farm. The association of seven specific environmental factors with R. equi isolation was assessed using logistic regression and by a spatial scan statistical method to determine the presence of local clusters. RESULTS Antimicrobial-sensitive R. equi was isolated from 10 (1%) of 1010 horses ranging between 3 and 29 years old. Ten farms (3%) had at least one positive horse. Only one R. equi isolate (10%) was classified as virulent. Red-Yellow Argisol (PVA/PV) soils were significantly associated with R. equi isolation (odds ratio (OR) 8.02; CI95% , 1.98-32.50, P = 0.01), and areas with well-drained soil were less likely to be test positive (OR 0.85; CI95% , 0.76-0.96, P = 0.03). MAIN LIMITATIONS The use of culture-based method instead of PCR-based assay and the lack of soil sampling. CONCLUSIONS Antimicrobial-sensitive R. equi may be considered a minor part of the normal bacterial flora in the nasal cavity of healthy and immunologically functional horses breeding on pasture. Further studies are warranted to determine if soils rich in iron and well-drained are, in fact, associated with the occurrence of R. equi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L T Gressler
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - G Machado
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine North, Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - B P da Silveira
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - N D Cohen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - L G Corbellini
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics and Post-Graduate Program of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - V B Leotti
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics and Post-Graduate Program of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - G N Diehl
- Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA-RS), Brazil, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L C Dos Santos
- Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA-RS), Brazil, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A C de Vargas
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nogueira MF, Oliveira JM, Santos CJ, Petzold HV, Aguiar DM, Juliano RS, Reis JK, Abreu UG. Equine infectious anaemia in equids of Southern Pantanal, Brazil: seroprevalence and evaluation of the adoption of a control programme. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The working equid population in Corumbá, Southern Pantanal, is very large and has a crucial role in the main economic activity of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, the beef cattle industry. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of equine infectious anaemia (EIA) in working equids of ranches in the municipality of Corumbá, by the official agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test, and evaluate the adoption of the Programme for the Prevention and Control of Equine Infectious Anaemia proposed by Embrapa Pantanal and official entities in the 1990s. From September to November 2009, forty ranches distributed through the area of the municipality were visited, and serum samples were obtained from 721 equines and 232 mules. According to previous publications and the present data, it was concluded that the prevalence of EIA in this population has increased from 18.17% to 38.60%, which represents at this time approximately 13,000 infected animals. There was no significant difference between the apparent prevalence of equines and mules. It was also verified that the control programme was not known by the greater part of the interviewed ranch owners, managers and foremen and, in their perception, EIA is not a primary threat to address. Among the studied variables, the serologic testing practice significantly reduced the risk for the presence of EIA seropositivity, as well as the separation of riding equipment and segregation of seropositives.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tigre DM, Brandão CFL, de Paula FL, Chinalia FA, Campos GS, Sardi SI. Characterization of isolates of equine infectious anemia virus in Brazil. Arch Virol 2016; 162:873-877. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
9
|
Freitas NF, Oliveira CM, Leite RC, Reis JK, Oliveira FG, Bomjardim HDA, Salvarani FM, Barbosa JD. Equine infectious anemia on Marajo Island at the mouth of the Amazon river. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2015001200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a transmissible and incurable disease caused by a lentivirus, the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). There are no reports in the literature of this infection in Equidae on Marajo Island. The objective of this study was to diagnose the disease in the municipalities of Cachoeira do Arari, Salvaterra, Santa Cruz do Arari and Soure, on Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil. For serological survey samples were collected from 294 horses, over 5-month-old, males and females of puruca and marajoara breeds and from some half-breeds, which were tested by immunodiffusion in Agar gel (AGID). A prevalence of 46.26% (136/294) positive cases was found. EIA is considered endemic in the municipalities studied, due to the ecology of the region with a high numbered population of bloodsucking insect vectors and the absence of official measures for the control of the disease.
Collapse
|
10
|
Libardoni F, Machado G, Gressler LT, Kowalski AP, Diehl GN, dos Santos LC, Corbellini LG, de Vargas AC. Prevalence of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in horses and associated risk factors in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Res Vet Sci 2015; 104:53-7. [PMID: 26850537 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of equine strangles and to identify associated risk factors for this disease through a cross-sectional study of nasal swabs. Nasal swabs (n=1010) from healthy equines (absence of nasal discharge, lymphadenopathy and cough) from 341 farms were plated on 5% blood agar; of these horses, 24 were identified as positive for Streptococcus equi through isolation, PCR and DNA sequencing. The estimated prevalence for individual animals was 2.3%, and for herds, it was 5.86%. Statistical analysis identified the following as associated risk factors: the number of group events that were attended by the equines (PR: 1.06); the sharing of food containers (PR: 3.74); and at least one previous positive diagnosis of strangles on the farm (PR: 3.20). These results constitute an epidemiological contribution to the horse industry and may support measures for the future control of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Libardoni
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP: 91540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ananda Paula Kowalski
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Nogueira Diehl
- Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness of State of Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA-RS), Brazil, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1384, CEP: 95150-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucila Carboneiro dos Santos
- Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness of State of Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA-RS), Brazil, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1384, CEP: 95150-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Corbellini
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP: 91540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Agueda Castagna de Vargas
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Junqueira DG, Dorneles EMS, Gonçalves VSP, Santana JA, Almeida VMDA, Nicolino RR, Silva MX, Mota ALADA, Veloso FP, Stynen APR, Heinemann MB, Lage AP. Brucellosis in working equines of cattle farms from Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Prev Vet Med 2015; 121:380-5. [PMID: 26347382 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present survey aimed at estimating the seroprevalence of brucellosis in working equines of cattle farms from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, and investigating risk factors associated with the infection. Serum samples from 6439 animals, including 5292 horses, 1037 mules and 110 donkeys, were collected from 1936 herds, between September 2003 and March 2004, in 848 municipalities from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The prevalence of antibodies against smooth Brucella spp. found in equines from Minas Gerais State was 1.37% (95% CI: 0.97-1.78), resulting in a prevalence of herds with infected animals of 4.28% (95% CI: 4.21-4.36). There were differences between regions but these were not of major epidemiological relevance nor were most of them statistically significant, given the considerable overlap of confidence intervals. Nevertheless, the point estimates suggest that the three northeastern regions have slightly higher prevalence than the rest of the state, both at the herd and animal levels. No association of Brucella spp. seropositivity with sex, age or host was observed. In conclusion, the present study showed a low but widespread prevalence of antibodies against smooth Brucella in equines kept in cattle farms in Minas Gerais, a state where bovine brucellosis is also widespread albeit with low prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Guedes Junqueira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Vitor Salvador Picão Gonçalves
- Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jordana Almeida Santana
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Romero Nicolino
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos Xavier Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Pereira Veloso
- Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Reinato Stynen
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos Bryan Heinemann
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Andrey Pereira Lage
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chaves NP, Bezerra DC, Santos HP, Pereira HDM, Guerra PC, Silva ALA. Ocorrência e fatores de risco associados à identificação da anemia infecciosa equina em equídeos de tração. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v15i318395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a ocorrência e os fatores de risco associados à identificação da anemia infecciosa equina (AIE) em equídeos de tração na Cidade de São Luís - MA. Amostras de sangue de 154 equídeos apreendidos em vias públicas, pelo Setor de Apreensão de Animais de Tração da Secretaria Municipal de Urbanismo e Habitação, foram coletadas no período de abril a agosto de 2011. Foram analisadas as fichas de atendimento individual para a determinação dos fatores de risco associados a esta enfermidade. Dos animais analisados, 5,20% (8/154) foram positivos. Dentre os fatores de risco avaliados, presença de insetos, permanência dos equídeos em aglomerações por mais de oito horas diárias, condição corporal, estado nutricional, uso repetido de uma mesma agulha entre diferentes equídeos, ocorrência de episódios febris, mucosas amareladas e ausência de conhecimento sobre AIE apresentaram significância estatística (P<0,05) associada à AIE. Os resultados do estudo indicaram que a ocorrência da AIE para equídeos de tração apreendidos na Cidade de São Luís - MA foi baixa. Mesmo assim há a necessidade da realização de diagnóstico sistemático e monitoramento dos animais, além da implantação de medidas de controle, realização de exames sorológicos e implementação da legislação vigente.
Collapse
|
13
|
Borges AM, Silva LG, Nogueira MF, Oliveira AC, Segri NJ, Ferreira F, Witter R, Aguiar DM. Prevalence and risk factors for Equine Infectious Anemia in Poconé municipality, northern Brazilian Pantanal. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:76-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
14
|
Melo R, Cavalcanti R, Villalobos E, Cunha E, Lara M, Aguiar D. Ocorrência de equídeos soropositivos para os vírus das encefalomielites e anemia infecciosa no Estado de Mato Grosso. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1808-16572012000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O presente trabalho determinou a ocorrência de equídeos com sorologia positiva para os vírus das encefalomielites virais dos tipos Leste (EEL), Oeste (EEO) e Venezuelana (EEV) e Anemia Infecciosa (AIE) nos biomas Amazônico, Pantaneiro e Cerrado do Estado de Mato Grosso. A detecção de anticorpos para AIE foi realizada em 886 soros pela prova de Imunodifusão em Gel de Ágar (IDGA), enquanto que para EEL, EEO e EEV foi realizada em 473 soros pela Microtécnica de Soroneutra-lização viral em culturas de células VERO. Para AIE, 46 (5,1%) equídeos foram positivos, não sendo observados animais positivos da região amazônica e a maior frequência ocorrendo no ambiente do pantanal com 36,6% de animais positivos (P < 0,05). Para as encefalites virais, foram detectados 168 (35,5%) equídeos positivos para EEL e 31 (6,5%) para EEV. Não houve soros positivos para EEO. As maiores frequências de animais positivos para EEL foram observadas nos ambientes pantaneiro e amazônico com 45,8% e 62,0%, respectivamente (P < 0,05). Os três biomas estudados apresentaram ocorrência similar (P > 0.05) de animais positivos para EEV, com 4,1%, 6,4% e 10,3% para o pantanal, cerrado e amazônia, respectivamente. Embora não apresentando equídeos reagente ao vírus da AIE na região amazônica, a presença de positivos em Mato Grosso encontra-se dentro do relatado no Brasil. O comportamento diferenciado do vírus da EEL e EEV nos três ecossistemas estudados reforça a presença de animais reservatórios, condições ambientais e climáticas que favorecem a proliferação de vetores que propiciam a infecção pelos vírus no Estado de Mato Grosso.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.M. Melo
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|