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Fentie EA, Kidie AA, Fetene SM, Shewarega ES. Socioeconomic inequality in early sexual initiation among female youths in sub-Saharan African countries: a decomposition analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1283. [PMID: 37403045 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Youths are defined as individuals within the age group 15-24 years. It is the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood with biological, social, and psychological change, so it is a time of risk and opportunity for their future life. Early sexual initiation exposes young people to various social, economic, sexual, and reproductive health issues, such as unwanted adolescent pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, unsafe abortion, cervical cancer, and early marriages. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the presence of socioeconomic inequality in early sexual initiation and contributing factors in sub-Saharan African countries. METHODS A total of 118,932 weighted female youths from SSA countries' DHS data were included in the study. Socioeconomic inequality of Early sexual initiation was evaluated using the Erreygers znormalized concentration index and associated concentration curve. Decomposition analysis was performed to determine those factors causing socioeconomic-related inequality. RESULTS The weighted Erreygers normalized concentration index of wealth-related inequality of early sexual initiation was - 0.157 with a Standard error = 0.0046 (P value < 0.0001); this indicated that early sexual initiation was disproportionately concentrated among the poor (pro-poor). Moreover, the weighted Erreygers normalized concentration index (ECI) of educational status-related inequality of early sexual initiation was - 0.205 with a Standard error = 0.0043 (P value < 0.0001). This indicated that early sexual initiation was disproportionately concentrated among youths with no formal education. The decomposition analysis revealed that mass media exposure, wealth index, place of residency, religion, marital status, educational status, and age were significant contributors to the pro-poor socioeconomic inequalities in early sexual initiation. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION This study has revealed pro-poor inequality in early sexual initiation. Therefore, priority must be given to modifiable factors such as promoting the accessibility of media exposure in the household, improving the educational opportunity of female youths, and improving their country's economy to a higher economic level to improve the wealth status of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Awoke Fentie
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Atitegeb Abera Kidie
- School of public health, college of health science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Samrawit Mihret Fetene
- Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ever Siyoum Shewarega
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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I-DECIDE: A Social Prescribing and Digital Intervention Protocol to Promote Sexual and Reproductive Health and Quality of Life among Young Cape Verdeans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18030850. [PMID: 33498190 PMCID: PMC7908165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cape Verdean governments have intensified the investment on the National Reproductive Health Program, aiming to provide universal and qualified services, especially to the youngest people. Nevertheless, data suggest that some health challenges remain in this group (e.g., high rates of early/unplanned pregnancies, illegal abortions, sexual risk behaviors). In this paper, we present a protocol of a community-based social prescribing and digital intervention to promote wellbeing and quality of life across the life course of young Cape Verdeans, with a specific focus on Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) related behaviors. The intervention program, to be developed in three years, will follow an Intervention Mapping approach, namely regarding needs assessment and study’s protocol. The program’s implementation and evaluation will occur simultaneously. The main expected result is the development of a sustainable training program implemented in coproduction with Cape Verdeans from Mindelo (in São Vicente island), with replicable potential in other Cape Verdean regions. The intervention will contribute to SRH-related literacy through the digital health literacy materials and to quality of life across the young’s life course.
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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Early Sexual Initiation among College Students in Southwest Ethiopia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8855276. [PMID: 33299885 PMCID: PMC7710405 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8855276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Early age at first sexual practice is a public health issue and now common around the world especially in the developing countries. The development of effective strategies to reduce the adverse consequences of early sexual initiation becomes real when sufficient data is available. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated to early sexual initiation among college students in southwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 453 college students in southwest Ethiopia from April to May 2018. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The data were collected using structured pretested self-administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered using Epi-Data version 4.2.0.0 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess the effect of independent variables on the outcome variable. Significance was declared at p < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of early sexual initiation among college students was 17.9%, 95% CI (14.4%-24.4%). The mean age of sexual intercourse was 17.6 (±2 SD) years. Nearly three-fourths (73.4%) of the respondent's reason for early sexual intercourse was falling in love. More than half (62.2%) of the respondents used a condom for their first sexual intercourse. The factors associated with early sexual initiation were being female (AOR = 2.09and 95% CI [1.17-2.35]), chewing khat (AOR = 7.05 and 95% CI [3.81-13.1]), exposed to pornographic materials at age < 18 years (AOR = 3.57 and 95% CI [1.94-6.89]), and poor knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (AOR = 8.69 and 95% CI [3.52-21.5]). Conclusion The prevalence of early sexual initiation among college students was alarmingly high. This may be associated with a huge burden of poor sexual and reproductive health. Therefore, creating awareness of the factors and related negative sexual and reproductive health effect of early sexual initiation for young peoples through the use of mass media (television and radio), school teachers, and parents plays a paramount importance.
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Mekonnen BD. Early sexual debut and associated factors among students in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Public Health Res 2020; 9:1795. [PMID: 32874965 PMCID: PMC7445439 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2020.1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Students with early sexual debut are exposed to risky sexual behaviours. For effective intervention on early sexual debut and its consequences, determination of its magnitude and identifications of associated factors is important. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the pooled prevalence and the associated factors of early sexual debut among students in Ethiopia. Relevant articles were identified through databases such as PubMed, Global Health, HINARI, Google advance search, Scopus, and EMBASE from March 10th to April 3rd. The data was extracted using a standardized data extraction form and exported to STATA 11 for analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of early sexual debut among students was estimated using a randomeffects meta-analysis. Presence of association was determined using an odds ratio with a corresponding 95% CI. A total of 9 studies with 4,217 participants were involved in this meta-analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of early sexual debut among students in Ethiopia was 27.53% (95% CI: 20.52, 34.54). Being female (OR: 3.64, 95% CI: 1.67, 5.61), watching pornography (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 2.10, 5.50) and having boyfriend or girlfriend (OR: 2.72, 95% CI: 1.24, 5.96) were found to be significantly associated with early sexual debut. More than one fourth of students practiced early sexual debut. The finding suggests the need of strengthening prevention strategies, effective intervention, and programs in educational institutions to reduce early sexual debut and its consequences. Furthermore, special attention should be given to female students and students who watch pornography. Significance for public health Early sexual debut is associated with risky sexual behaviours such as unprotected sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners and incorrect or inconsistent condom use leading to HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infection (STIs), unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion, early childbirth, and psychosocial problems. The pooled prevalence of early sexual debut among students in Ethiopia was 27.53% which implies the need of educational institutions based public health interventions. Among many factors, female gender, watching pornography and having boyfriend/girlfriend were identified as factors significantly associated with early sexual debut. Determination of the magnitude of early sexual debut among students and the identification of its associated factors is very important for public health interventions. The findings of this meta-analysis will help to design appropriate interventions and policies that target early sexual debut in educational institutions with collaborative effort of policy makers, stakeholders and other concerned institutions.
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Kassahun EA, Gelagay AA, Muche AA, Dessie AA, Kassie BA. Factors associated with early sexual initiation among preparatory and high school youths in Woldia town, northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:378. [PMID: 30947690 PMCID: PMC6450012 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early initiation of sexual activity affects the sexual and reproductive health of the young population. The youth are at a high risk of risky sexual behaviours, including multiple partners and inconsistent condom use. There has been limited research on the level and determinants of early sexual initiation in Woldia town. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of early sexual initiation and associated factors among preparatory and high school students in Woldia town, northeast Ethiopia. METHODS An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 723 students selected by the simple random sampling technique on March 7, 2016. A pre-tested and structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were computed. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to examine the strength of association. In the multivariable analysis, a p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULT The prevalence of early sexual initiation among preparatory and high school students in Woldia town was 18.4% (95% CI:15.50,21.30%). Not attending religious programs (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI:1.84,5.44), peer pressure (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI:1.14,3.25), cigarette smoking (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI:1.06,4.85), poor parental monitoring (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI:1.77,4.53), and exposure to pornographic materials (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI:1.68,4.40) were significantly associated with early sexual initiation. CONCLUSION A large number of students initiated sexual activity at an early age. The practiced is associated with sexual and reproductive health problems. Therefore, raising awareness of students about the risk factors for and implication of early sexual initiation through teachers, religious leaders, and parents is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abebaw Addis Gelagay
- Departments of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Achenef Asmamaw Muche
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amanuel Addisu Dessie
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Belayneh Ayanaw Kassie
- ICAP/NEPI project, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Putra IGNE, Astuti D, Widyastari DA, Phuengsamran D. Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018; 33:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2018-0141/ijamh-2018-0141.xml. [PMID: 30496138 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent sexual and reproductive health problems remain a public health concern in Indonesia. An increase of premarital sex as well as early sexual debut among adolescents without any protection leads to a high risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health consequences. This study aimed to assess condom use prevalence and identify its determinants among male adolescents who are sexually active in Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Adolescent Reproductive Health component of the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2012. The sample for this study was 1341 sexually active male adolescents aged 15-24 years old. Data were analyzed descriptively and using binary logistic regression for bivariate and multivariate analysis. This study found that condom use prevalence among male adolescents at first and last sex accounted for 25.0% and 27.4%, respectively. Determinants of condom use varied by time of sexual intercourse. Knowledge of sexual and reproductive health and obtaining information about condoms were consistently related to condom use at first and last sexual encounter. Meanwhile, residential type, age at first sex, and sexual partner were significant determinants of condom use at sexual debut whilst educational level was only associated with condom use at last sex. As the level of protected sex among male adolescents was very low, providing comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is suggested in order to develop the capacity among adolescents in making informed decisions and preventing unsafe sex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desri Astuti
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Dusita Phuengsamran
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
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Sousa CSPD, Castro RCMB, Pinheiro AKB, Moura ERF, Almeida PC, Aquino PDS. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Condom Self-Efficacy Scale: application to Brazilian adolescents and young adults. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2018; 25:e2991. [PMID: 29319748 PMCID: PMC5768214 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.1062.2991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: translate and adapt the Condom Self-Efficacy Scale to Portuguese in the Brazilian
context. The scale originated in the United States and measures self-efficacy in
condom use. Method: methodological study in two phases: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and
verification of psychometric properties. The translation and adaptation process
involved four translators, one mediator of the synthesis and five health
professionals. The content validity was verified using the Content Validation
Index, based on 22 experts’ judgments. Forty subjects participated in the pretest,
who contributed to the understanding of the scale items. The scale was applied to
209 students between 13 and 26 years of age from a school affiliated with the
state-owned educational network. The reliability was analyzed by means of
Cronbach’s alpha. Results: the Portuguese version of the scale obtained a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of
0.85 and the total mean score was 68.1 points. A statistically significant
relation was found between the total scale and the variables not having children
(p= 0.038), condom use (p= 0.008) and condom use with fixed partner (p=0.036).
Conclusion: the Brazilian version of the Condom Self-Efficacy Scale is a valid and reliable
tool to verify the self-efficacy in condom use among adolescents and young
adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paulo César Almeida
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza Aquino
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Abstract
Migration from one's parents' home and sexual debut are common features of the transition to adulthood. Although many studies have described both of these features independently, few have examined the relationship between migration and sexual debut in a systematic manner. In this study, we explore this link for young adults in Thailand. With relatively high rates of internal migration, rapid modernization, a moderate HIV epidemic, and a declining average age of sexual debut, Thailand presents an instructive environment in which to examine migration and sexual debut. We use two waves of a longitudinal data set (2005 and 2007) that includes a subsample of young adults who migrated to urban areas during that period. We identify characteristics and behaviors associated with sexual debut and examine the role of migration on debut. Our approach reduces several common sources of bias that hamper existing work on both migration and sexual debut: (1) the longitudinal nature of the data enables us to examine the effects of characteristics that predate both behaviors of interest; (2) the survey on sexual behavior employed a technique that reduces response bias; and (3) we examine differences in debut by marital status. We find that migrants have a higher likelihood of sexual debut than nonmigrants.
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Abstract
This systematic review examines the relationship between religion and sexual HIV risk behavior. It focuses primarily on how studies have conceptualized and defined religion, methodologies, and sexual risk outcomes. We also describe regions where studies were conducted and mechanisms by which religion may be associated with sexual risk. We included 137 studies in this review, classifying them as measuring: (1) only religious affiliation (n = 57), (2) only religiosity (n = 48), and (3) both religious affiliation and religiosity (n = 32). A number of studies identified lower levels of sexual HIV risk among Muslims, although many of these examined HIV prevalence rather than specific behavioral risk outcomes. Most studies identified increased religiosity to be associated with lower levels of sexual HIV risk. This finding persists but is weaker when the outcome considered is condom use. The paper reviews ways in which religion may contribute to increase and reduction in sexual HIV risk, gaps in research, and implications for future research on religion and HIV.
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Pereira BDS, Costa MCO, Amaral MTR, Costa HSD, Silva CALD, Sampaio VS. Fatores associados à infecção pelo HIV/AIDS entre adolescentes e adultos jovens matriculados em Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2014; 19:747-58. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232014193.16042013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O estudo procura investigar fatores associados à infecção pelo HIV entre adolescentes e adultos jovens, registrados no Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento/CTA de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Estudo analítico com delineamento transversal, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação do CTA (SI-CTA) no período de 2007 a 2011. Foram processadas informações de 3.768 indivíduos, sendo verificada a diferença de proporções, com Qui-quadrado de Pearson e análise estratificada, através da Razão de Prevalência/RP, com Intervalos de Confiança de 95%, considerando como desfecho o status sorológico. No período estudado, 73 jovens estavam infectados pelo HIV (1,94%). Na população feminina, foram identificadas associações, estatisticamente significantes, para soropositividade e consumo de drogas, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e outras drogas; estar casada ou em união estável. No sexo masculino, associaram-se com a soropositividade o consumo de outras drogas e orientação homossexual/bissexual. Em ambos os sexos, na categoria com parceiro estável, a soropositividade mostrou associação com companheiro usuário de drogas e/ou portador de DST e/ou HIV. Esses achados sinalizam a necessidade de medidas eficazes no controle e prevenção da infecção pelo HIV, entre jovens.
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Oljira L, Berhane Y, Worku A. Pre-marital sexual debut and its associated factors among in-school adolescents in Eastern Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:375. [PMID: 22626258 PMCID: PMC3403867 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More adolescents in Ethiopia are in school today than ever, but few studies have assessed the sexual behaviour of these learners. Thus, this study tried to assess pre-marital sexual debut and factors associated with it among in-school adolescents in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted using a facilitator guided selfadministered questionnaire. Respondents were students attending regular school classes in fourteen high schools. The proportion of adolescents involved in pre-marital sexual debut and the mean age at sexual debut was computed. Factors associated with pre-marital sexual debut were assessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. Results About one in four, 686 (24.8%) never married in-school adolescent respondents reported pre-marital sexual debut of these 28.8% were males and 14.7% were females (p < 0.001). Pre-marital sexual debut was more common among adolescents who had their parents in urban areas (Adjusted OR and [95% CI] =1.42 [1.17–1.73]), who received higher pocket money per month (Adjusted OR and [95% CI] = 1.56 [1.19–2.04]), who perceived low self-educational rank (Adjusted OR and [95% CI] =1.89 [1.07–3.34]) and who lived in rented houses (Adjusted OR and [95% CI] =1.32 [1.03–1.70]). The females and those who were less influenced by external pressure were more protected against pre-marital sexual debut (Adjusted OR and [95% CI] = 0.44 [0.35–0.56; 0.62 [0.52–0.74, respectively]) than their counterparts. Conclusion A significant proportion of in-school adolescents were engaged in sexual relationship. Thus, public health interventions should consider the broader determinants of premarital sexual debut, including the ecological factors in which the behavior occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemessa Oljira
- College of Health Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
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Hugo TDDO, Maier VT, Jansen K, Rodrigues CEG, Cruzeiro ALS, Ores LDC, Pinheiro RT, Silva R, Souza LDDM. Fatores associados à idade da primeira relação sexual em jovens: estudo de base populacional. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2011; 27:2207-14. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2011001100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A primeira relação sexual é considerada um evento importante na vida dos jovens e tem iniciado cada vez mais cedo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever os fatores relacionados à idade precoce da primeira relação sexual, de jovens de 18 a 24 anos na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Este é um estudo transversal de base populacional, em uma amostra representativa de 1.621 jovens que ocorreu entre agosto de 2007 e dezembro de 2008. Foram aplicados questionários sobre comportamentos de saúde que continham itens relativos à sexualidade. A regressão de Cox foi utilizada para aferir a associação com a idade precoce de início da vida sexual. Após a análise multivariada, as variáveis diretamente relacionadas com a iniciação sexual precoce foram: sexo masculino, baixo nível socioeconômico, baixa escolaridade, ter pais separados, morar com companheiro(a), não praticar uma religião, uso de tabaco e drogas, e o não uso da camisinha na última relação. Considerando o contexto social atual, evidencia-se a necessidade de uma adequada orientação sexual com aspecto preventivo.
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Lau JT, Cai W, Tsui HY, Chen L, Cheng J, Lin C, Gu J, Hao C. Unprotected anal intercourse behavior and intention among male sex workers in Shenzhen serving cross-boundary male clients coming from Hong Kong, China – prevalence and associated factors. AIDS Care 2011; 24:59-70. [DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2011.592813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T.F. Lau
- a Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
- b Centre for Medical Anthropology and Behavioral Health , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Wende Cai
- c Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Guangdong , China
| | - Hi Yi Tsui
- a Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Lin Chen
- c Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Guangdong , China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- c Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Guangdong , China
| | - Chunqing Lin
- a Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Jing Gu
- d Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chun Hao
- d Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
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Tavares CM, Schor N, França Junior I. Contraceptive use and associated factors among adolescents on Santiago Island - Cape Verde - Western Africa. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-38292010000200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence of contraceptive use and associated factors among adolescents attending public schools on Santiago Island, Cape Verde. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 368 sexually active adolescents aged 13-17years attending eight public elementary and high schools, randomly selected, on Santiago Island, Cape Verde, between January and March 2007. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for the multiple analysis of risk factors, at a 5% level of significance. RESULTS: among 368 adolescents, 69.3% reported having used a contraceptive method during the last act of sexual intercourse. The most frequently used method were condom (94.9%) and pill (26.4%). Factors significantly and positively associated with contraceptive use were: living in the capital (PR=1.23; CI95%: 1.07; 1.39); having dated and had sexual intercourse (PR =1.53; CI95%: 1.14;2.06); and having more than nine years of schooling (PR=1.19; CI95%: 1.02; 1.38). CONCLUSIONS: more educated adolescents who studied in Praia (the capital city) and were dating at the time of the study were more likely to use contraception. The high prevalence of condom use and the association between contraception use and years of schooling among adolescents may indicate that sexual and reproductive health policies have produced positive outcomes that may account for the decrease in HIV infection.
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