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Botelho RDO, Coelho CCF, Andrade EF, Castelo PM, Pardi V, Murata RM, Pereira LJ. Fear of the COVID-19 vaccine in a public healthcare system and university setting. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304000. [PMID: 38917110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the known benefits, some individuals remain apprehensive about receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, which hampers vaccination efforts and the achievement of herd immunity. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess vaccination rates and identify factors influencing fear of the COVID-19 vaccine among individuals served by the public healthcare system (Family Health Strategy - FHS) and in a university community in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Surveys were conducted face-to-face with FHS participants and online with university members, employing a free sharing approach on social media. A total of 1896 and 312 responses were collected, respectively. The survey covered sociodemographic information, COVID-19 fear levels, and vaccination status for both individuals and their children Vaccination coverage was 83% among FHS participants and 99.1% in the university setting. Female respondents in both groups exhibited higher levels of COVID-19 fear (p<0.05), with FHS-assisted women reporting greater apprehension towards vaccination (p<0.05). Educated parents demonstrated better understanding of the importance of child vaccination, while younger parents expressed heightened concerns about vaccine side effects. Among FHS participants, women exhibited a 1.6 times higher fear of vaccination compared to men. Additionally, fear of vaccination increased by 1.10 times for each additional point on the COVID-19 Fear Scale (physiological domain). Effective communication strategies and dispelling misconceptions surrounding immunization could alleviate fear and promote vaccination acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Ramiro Mendonça Murata
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, Brazil
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Uçaner B, Buldanli MZ, Çimen Ş, Çiftçi MS, Demircioğlu MM, Erten E, Hançerlioğullari O. Investigation of factors that may potentially affect anxiety in patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy and evaluation of sedation effect. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37801. [PMID: 38608054 PMCID: PMC11018157 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As with any other invasive procedure, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) may lead to considerable anxiety in patients. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of sedated and non-sedated procedures on anxiety in patients undergoing EGD and to better recognize patient groups at risk for anxiety. METHODS In this prospective and 2-armed designed study, demographic data, including age, gender, comorbidities, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and educational background, were collected. In this study, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to each patient before they were brought to the endoscopy unit. Subsequently, each patient who underwent EGD was telephoned on the seventh day after the procedure and the BAI was administered a second time. RESULTS Women population had higher pre-EGD and post-EGD BAI scores compared to men. No significant correlation was observed between educational background and BAI scores. Possible correlations between age, BMI, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and BAI scores were examined. There was a weak correlation between BMI and pre-EGD and post-EGD BAI scores. A strong and positive correlation was observed between the pre-EGD BAI score and post-EGD BAI and difference in BAI scores between groups (ΔBAI). CONCLUSION Endoscopic procedures may cause anxiety in patients as with all other invasive procedures. Patients' compliance with the procedure and having a lower level of anxiety are very significant for diagnostic and, if necessary, therapeutic success. In this study, the patient gender was evaluated as a predictor of anxiety level, whereas educational background was not a predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Uçaner
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zeki Buldanli
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Çimen
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sabri Çiftçi
- Department of General Surgery, Sincan Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mert Demircioğlu
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ela Erten
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Hançerlioğullari
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Cardoso JPP, Afonso MVR, Mendes BF, Vieira ER, Pereira WDF, Dias-Peixoto MF, Castelo PM, Pereira LJ, Andrade EF. Fear of COVID-19 influences physical activity practice: a study in a Brazilian sample. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:232-240. [PMID: 35505523 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2072916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The suspension of social activities combined with health insecurity, uncertainty and fear of COVID-19 may influence physical activity practice. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and anxiety on physical activity patterns during the pandemic period. This cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of 520 Brazilian participants recruited by online sampling and snowball method. We assessed demographic variables, health perceptions, anxiety, fear of COVID-19 and physical activity characteristics. Both fear scores and anxiety were higher in woman (p < 0.0001). We observed a remarkable reduction in the frequency and intensity of physical activity and a modification in the exercise practice environment (from gym or sports centers to home-based physical activity) (p < 0.05). Sedentary (sitting) behavior increased during pandemic both in the weekdays and in the weekend (p < 0.0001). Participants who have never been infected were more prone of being classified in higher levels for physical activity (OR: 1.916, CI = 1.043-3.521) versus those who were previously infected (p = 0.05). Participants with a low or moderate level of physical activity before the pandemic presented lower chances of being classified as high physical activity level during the pandemic in comparison to those with high level before pandemic (p < 0.001). The Fear of Covid-19 score was negatively associated with the physical activity level (the higher the fear, the lower the level of physical activity); that is, for every increase in scale score, the odds of vigorous physical activity decreased 3%. In conclusion, fear of COVID-19 and previous contact with the virus negatively influenced physical activity practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Ferreira Mendes
- Physiological Sciences Program, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha Vieira
- Health Sciences Program, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Wagner de Fátima Pereira
- Health Sciences Program, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto
- Health Sciences Program, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, Brazil
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Health Sciences Department; Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil.,Veterinary Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
| | - Eric Francelino Andrade
- Health Sciences Department; Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil.,Health Sciences Program, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Physiology Department, Agrarian Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Unaí, Brazil
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4
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Li L, Zhang SX, Graf-Vlachy L. Predicting Managers' Mental Health Across Countries: Using Country-Level COVID-19 Statistics. Front Public Health 2022; 10:791977. [PMID: 35664112 PMCID: PMC9160832 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.791977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited research focusing on publicly available statistics on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as predictors of mental health across countries. Managers are at risk of suffering from mental disorders during the pandemic because they face particular hardship. Objective We aim to predict mental disorder (anxiety and depression) symptoms of managers across countries using country-level COVID-19 statistics. Methods A two-wave online survey of 406 managers from 26 countries was performed in May and July 2020. We used logistic panel regression models for our main analyses and performed robustness checks using ordinary least squares regressions. In the sample, 26.5% of managers reached the cut-off levels for anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7; GAD-7) and 43.5% did so for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9) symptoms. Findings We found that cumulative COVID-19 statistics (e.g., cumulative cases, cumulative cases per million, cumulative deaths, and cumulative deaths per million) predicted managers' anxiety and depression symptoms positively, whereas daily COVID-19 statistics (daily new cases, smoothed daily new cases, daily new deaths, smoothed daily new deaths, daily new cases per million, and smoothed daily new cases per million) predicted anxiety and depression symptoms negatively. In addition, the reproduction rate was a positive predictor, while stringency of governmental lockdown measures was a negative predictor. Individually, we found that the cumulative count of deaths is the most suitable single predictor of both anxiety and depression symptoms. Conclusions Cumulative COVID-19 statistics predicted managers' anxiety and depression symptoms positively, while non-cumulative daily COVID-19 statistics predicted anxiety and depression symptoms negatively. Cumulative count of deaths is the most suitable single predictor of both anxiety and depression symptoms. Reproduction rate was a positive predictor, while stringency of governmental lockdown measures was a negative predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Li
- School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Stephen X. Zhang
- Adelaide Business School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lorenz Graf-Vlachy
- TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
- ESCP Business School, Paris, France
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Barbosa MS, Freitas JFOD, Praes Filho FA, Pinho LD, Brito MFSF, Rossi-Barbosa LAR. Sociodemographic and occupational factors associated with anxiety symptoms in Community Health Agents. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:5997-6004. [PMID: 34909992 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320212612.15162021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Community Health Agents (CHAs) play a crucial role in assisting the population. Due to the complexity of functions and situations to which they are exposed, they can present with emotional problems. The aim of this article was to verify the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and the association with sociodemographic and occupational factors in community health agents. It is a cross-sectional and populational study that used a questionnaire to collect data on the sociodemographic, economic and occupational conditions and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Descriptive analyses and multiple Poisson regression were performed with robust variation, considering a 5% significance level (p <0.05) for the final model. A total of 673 community health agents were evaluated. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in the STAI-State was 47.4% and in the STAI-trait, 42.4%. The time working as a CHA longer than five years was associated with the STAI-state (p<0.001) and the STAI-trait (p=0.018), where as the female gender was associated with the STAI-trait (p=0.011). A high prevalence of anxiety symptoms in community health agents was verified. Health promotion strategies aimed at improving and monitoring the mental health of these workers by reducing anxiety disorders is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Silveira Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Primários em Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro prédio 6. Av. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089. Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | | | | | - Lucinéia de Pinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Primários em Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro prédio 6. Av. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089. Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | - Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo Brito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Primários em Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro prédio 6. Av. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089. Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | - Luiza Augusta Rosa Rossi-Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Primários em Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro prédio 6. Av. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089. Montes Claros MG Brasil.
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Esteves NS, de Brito MA, Müller VT, Brito CJ, Valenzuela Pérez DI, Slimani M, Bragazzi NL, Miarka B. COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts on the Mental Health of Professional Soccer: Comparison of Anxiety Between Genders. Front Psychol 2021; 12:765914. [PMID: 34858293 PMCID: PMC8631823 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.765914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study verifies associated factors with trait and state anxiety in professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was composed of 315 athletes, coaches, and physical trainers of professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. From this amount, 214 were classified with trait anxiety, and 315 were classified with state anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). This study is an epidemiological and cross-sectional study. We applied an observational method, and we performed a remote measurement. The measurement was made via online questionnaires in male and female individuals working on soccer teams (soccer professionals or athletes) who could be affected by anxiety during social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic. Each questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic questions, self-perceived performance, and STAI. The main results indicated a significant difference between female vs. male soccer professionals in state anxiety (54.97 ± 9.43 vs. 57.65 ± 9.48 index) and trait anxiety (54.21 ± 5.74 vs. 55.76 ± 6.41 index) with higher results in men. Sociodemographic variables impacted significant differences between female and male athletes and professionals of soccer clubs, and anxiety during the pandemic COVID-19 period impacted self-perceived performance analysis. The present results highlight the importance of cognitive behavior therapy for professional soccer teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natã Sant'Anna Esteves
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michele Andrade de Brito
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Teixeira Müller
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ciro José Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Diego Ignacio Valenzuela Pérez
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile.,Magister en Ciencias la Actividad Física y Deportes Aplicadas al Entrenamiento Rehabilitación y Reintegro Deportivo, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maamer Slimani
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Genoa University, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bianca Miarka
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de benzodiazepínicos em idosos atendidos em um ambulatório especializado em Porto Alegre, Brasil. PAJAR - PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGING RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.15448/2357-9641.2021.1.40298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos: verificar a prevalência de uso de BZDs na população idosa atendida em um ambulatório de psiquiatria geriátrica de um hospital universitário em Porto Alegre, Brasil.Métodos: estudo transversal realizado no ambulatório de psiquiatria geriátrica. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante a primeira consulta dos indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Os dados avaliados compreendem questões sociodemográficas, clínicas, de saúde e uso de medicamentos. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o programa SPSS (do inglês, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).Resultados: um total de 295 idosos foram incluídos no estudo. A média de idade foi de 72,1±8,3 anos, sendo na maioria mulheres (76,6%), com escolaridade de 5 a 8 e 9 a 12 anos de estudo (ambos com a mesma frequência, 28,9%), casados (45,0%), residindo com familiar (34,4%), aposentados (79,8%). A prevalência de utilização de BZD foi de 33,6% (n=99). A queixa principal de ansiedade e o diagnóstico de transtornos ansiosos foram associadas ao uso de BZDs.Conclusões: a prevalência do uso de BZDs foi alta e associada à queixa principal de ansiedade e aos diagnósticos de transtornos ansiosos e depressivos, mesmo esses sendo considerados medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados e com alto risco de complicações. O tratamento da população geriátrica, muitas vezes, é colocado em segundo plano, não recebendo devidamente os cuidados direcionados às demandas específicas que esses indivíduos necessitam. O conhecimento epidemiológico da população idosa expõe características e auxilia na elaboração de plano terapêutico diferenciado.
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Ivanets NN, Kinkul'kina MA, Tikhonova YG, Makarova MA, Sysoeva VP. [Unipolar depression: a gender-based comparative analysis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 121:13-18. [PMID: 34481430 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202112108113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare socio-demographic and clinical characteristics in men and women with depression. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 388 patients with unipolar depression, 74 men and 314 women. The survey was carried out using the clinical-psychopathological method and psychometric scales for depression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Gender differences are identified for several parameters. Women are older, more often had comorbid somatic and organic disorders; men have personality disorders and chronic depression. The severity of depression in women was higher due to symptoms such as reported sadness, anxiety, reduced sleep and appetite, concentration difficulties, and suicidal thoughts. Apparent sadness did not significantly differ in men and women. Anhedonia was more pronounced in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Ivanets
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Kinkul'kina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Y G Tikhonova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Makarova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Sysoeva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Magnitude and Determinants of Dental Anxiety among Adult Patients Attending Public Dental Clinics in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:9965204. [PMID: 34046065 PMCID: PMC8128540 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9965204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is estimated that, about 40% of the population suffer from dental anxiety. Dental anxiety is considered to be complex and multifactorial with a wide range of provoking factors which may be patient, provider, or environment-related. AIM This study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of dental anxiety among adult patients attending public dental clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methodology. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in 4 public hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. It included 300 adult patients who had dental caries, periodontal diseases, or dental trauma. Data were collected using a self-administered Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SPSS computer software version 23. A one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the association between variables, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 32.18 years (±11.06 SD) with a male-to-female ratio of 1 : 1.43. The means MDAS score was 12.84 ± 4.99. Tooth extraction had the highest mean MDAS score. The majority (261, 87%) of participants had mild-to-severe anxiety. The most common (72.2%) anxiety-provoking factor was an unsympathetic dentist; others included unawareness of the procedure to be carried out (58.3%) and the presence of apprehensive patients (52.0%). The level of anxiety was found to be statistically significantly associated (p < 0.05) with young age [p=0.009, AOR 3.06 (95% CI, 1.32, 7.09), female patients [p < 0.001, AOR 4.45 (95% CI, 2.05, 9.70)], and a higher education level [p < 0.05, AOR 2.32 (95% CI, 1.03, 5.25)]. CONCLUSION The prevalence of dental anxiety was high among the participants of this study. Female gender, young age, and a higher level of education constituted determinants of dental anxiety. An unsympathetic practitioner, unawareness of the procedure, and presence of apprehensive patients were the common anxiety-provoking factors.
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Thompson KA, Bardone-Cone AM. 2019-nCOV distress and depressive, anxiety and OCD-type, and eating disorder symptoms among postpartum and control women. Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:671-680. [PMID: 33738572 PMCID: PMC7972814 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study compared postpartum and control women on depressive, anxiety, and OCD-type symptoms, and eating disorder symptoms during the 2019-nCOV pandemic and evaluated if associations between 2019-nCOV distress and these mental health symptoms differed for postpartum compared to control women. A community sample of women, ages 18-39, who had either given birth in the past 12 months (n = 232) or had no pregnancy history (n = 137; controls), was recruited to complete an online survey about their depressive, anxiety, OCD, and eating disorder symptoms. Postpartum women reported greater OCD-type symptoms related to concerns about both contamination and responsibility for harm (ps < .05) compared to controls. After controlling for general stress and mental health history, the association between 2019-nCOV distress and OCD-type symptoms related to concerns about contamination was stronger among postpartum compared to control women (ps < .002). For all women, 2019-nCOV distress was positively related to general anxiety symptoms, total OCD-type symptoms, and OCD-type symptoms related to concerns about responsibility for harm after controlling for general stress and mental health history (ps < .03). Data are first to suggest postpartum women may be at elevated risk for OCD-type symptoms during 2019-nCOV pandemic, and pandemic distress is associated with anxiety and OCD-type symptoms among postpartum women more so than control women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, CB #3270 Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Anna M Bardone-Cone
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, CB #3270 Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Hsieh MT, Liang SHY, Yang YH, Kuo TY, Lin TY, Wang TN, Chen VCH, Wu MH. Allergic rhinitis increases the risk of incident panic disorder among young individuals: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:60-67. [PMID: 30981057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported an association between allergy and panic disorder. However, few studies have explored the relationship between allergic rhinitis and panic disorder. Previous studies were limited by cross-sectional study designs, self-reported symptoms, absence of matched controls, and lack of consideration of the influence of steroid and comorbidities. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal association between allergic rhinitis and panic disorder in a large population-based cohort of young people. METHODS In this study, 79,917 new cases of allergic rhinitis between 1998 and 2012 in individuals younger than 20 years were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. One control (nonallergic rhinitis) per case (allergic rhinitis) was randomly selected from the remaining sample, matching for age, sex, residence, and insurance premium. Both groups were followed until the end of 2013 for incidence of panic disorder. Cox regression analysis was performed, adjusting for sex, age, residence, insurance premium, systemic steroids, asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and Charlson index. RESULTS Allergic rhinitis was associated with a 2-fold increase in risk for panic disorder after adjustment for other variables. Additional independent risk factor of panic disorders were female sex, older age group, and depression. LIMITATIONS Lifestyle, substance use, smoking by the patient or family members, and psychosocial stressors were not evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Allergic rhinitis was associated with increased risk of panic disorder. Assessment and intervention of allergy rhinitis among young people with panic disorder are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsu Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Yu Kuo
- Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Tsang-Yaw Lin
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 542 No.161, Yu-Pin Rd, Caotun Township, Nantou, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsu-Nai Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C..
| | - Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 613 Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Huan Wu
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 542 No.161, Yu-Pin Rd, Caotun Township, Nantou, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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Costa COD, Branco JC, Vieira IS, Souza LDDM, Silva RAD. Prevalência de ansiedade e fatores associados em adultos. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Identificar a prevalência de transtornos de ansiedade em uma amostra de base populacional e fatores associados. Métodos Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado com indivíduos entre 18 e 35 anos. As variáveis sociodemográficas, índice de massa corporal, presença de doença crônica, abuso de álcool e tabagismo foram analisadas. Os transtornos de ansiedade foram verificados pela Mini Internacional Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. Foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado, considerando o intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados A amostra foi constituída por 1.953 pessoas. A prevalência de transtornos de ansiedade foi de 27,4%. Agorafobia (17,9%) e transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (14,3%) foram os quadros mais prevalentes. Mulheres apresentaram maior prevalência de ansiedade, com 32,5%, quando comparadas aos homens (21,3%) (p < 0,001). As variáveis sexo, anos de estudo, renda, doença crônica, tabagismo e álcool foram associadas a mais de três transtornos de ansiedade investigados (p < 0,001). Conclusão Os dados demonstram que os transtornos de ansiedade são muito frequentes em adultos, sendo mais prevalentes entre as mulheres. Estão associadas aos transtornos ansiosos, principalmente, as condições socioeconômicas e substâncias licitas. Conhecer as prevalências dos transtornos de ansiedade e fatores associados pode auxiliar profissionais de saúde a elaborarem melhores diagnósticos e tratamentos.
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Faria SMD, Maximiano-Barreto MA, Morais DD, Chagas MHN. Impacto dos sintomas de ansiedade na qualidade de vida na doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar estudos relacionados ao impacto da ansiedade na qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada nos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e PsycINFO, com os descritores: “anxiety”, “Parkinson's disease” e “quality of life”. Foram selecionados 20 artigos publicados em inglês e sem limite de tempo. Resultado: A maioria dos estudos demonstrou correlação direta entre ansiedade e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson. Apenas dois estudos não encontraram essa associação. A presença de sintomas de ansiedade parece estar relacionada com a gravidade dos sintomas motores, sexo feminino e idade mais jovem, levando a um impacto maior na qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Os artigos analisados mostraram que a ansiedade tem impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil
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Alizadeh Z, Feizi A, Rejali M, Afshar H, Keshteli AH, Adibi P. The Predictive Value of Personality Traits for Psychological Problems (Stress, Anxiety and Depression): Results from a Large Population Based Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2018; 8:124-133. [PMID: 30864753 PMCID: PMC7377556 DOI: 10.2991/j.jegh.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to determine the prognostic values of personality traits for common psychological problems in a large sample of Iranian adult. In a large sample of healthy people (n = 4763) who lived in Isfahan province; the NEO-FFI was used to assess the personality traits; depression and anxiety were assessed using the "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)" also stress was measured through Persian validated version of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC) analysis was used as main statistical method for data analysis. ROC analysis showed neuroticism was the best predictor for all psychological problems with highest area under the curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval) for stress, 0.837 (0.837-0.851), anxiety 0.861 (0.847-0.876) and depression 0.833 (0.820-0.846) (p < .001) and the corresponding cut-off points (sensitivity, specificity), were 21.5 (77%, 66%), 22.5 (81%, 77%) and 20.5 (77%, 74%), respectively. Other personality traits were significant protective factors for being affected with psychological problems (p < .001). Similar findings were observed separately in women and men. The present study showed that the neuroticism is significant risk factor for being affected with three psychological problems while other traits are significant protective factors. Personality traits are useful indices for screening psychological problems and an effective pathway toward prevention in general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Alizadeh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehri Rejali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Adibi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Integrative Functional, Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Zhao Y, Bijlsma EY, Verdouw MP, Groenink L. No effect of sex and estrous cycle on the fear potentiated startle response in rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 351:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Costa FS, Cademartori MG, Silva MF, Nascimento GG, Shqair AQ, Pinheiro RT, Demarco FF, Goettems ML. Anxiety symptoms have a direct effect on oral health perception in young women. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:1583-1588. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1797-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Alizadeh Z, Feizi A, Rejali M, Afshar H, Keshteli AH, Adibi P. The Predictive Value of Personality Traits for Psychological Problems (Stress, Anxiety and Depression): Results from a Large Population Based Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Alizadeh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehri Rejali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Adibi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Integrative Functional, Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Reimer AE, de Oliveira AR, Diniz JB, Hoexter MQ, Miguel EC, Milad MR, Brandão ML. Fear extinction in an obsessive-compulsive disorder animal model: Influence of sex and estrous cycle. Neuropharmacology 2017; 131:104-115. [PMID: 29225044 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric condition that affects men and women equally, but with a sexually dimorphic pattern of development. Reproductive cycle events can influence symptom severity of OCD in females, indicating that ovarian hormones or their interaction with distinct neurotransmitter systems may play a role in OCD pathophysiology. Clinical studies and animal models have confirmed the importance of the serotonergic (5-HT) system in the neurobiology and treatment of OCD. Accordingly, the non-selective 5-HT2c agonist, meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), exacerbates symptoms in untreated OCD patients. In rodents, it evokes repetitive behaviors that engage brain areas that are homologous with those found to be dysfunctional in OCD patients. These regions, including the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices, are also involved in fear inhibition, which is impaired in OCD. Here, we treated rats with mCPP (0.5 and 3.0 mg/kg) to evaluate its influence on self-grooming behavior and assess potential fear extinction retention deficits, taking into account sex differences and females' estrous cycle. We found that mCPP exacerbated grooming in male and female rats, irrespective of the estrous cycle phase. Fear extinction retention, however, was impaired only in females. Moreover, females undergoing fear extinction training during the metestrus/diestrus phases of the estrous cycle were more sensitive to the impairments induced by mCPP. Our results indicate that mCPP can induce OCD-like symptoms, exacerbating self-grooming and impairing fear extinction. It suggests that changes in 5-HT signaling through 5-HT2c receptors may have an important role in the OCD pathophysiology and that the influence of gonadal hormones in OCD should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Edgar Reimer
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Belo Diniz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mohammed Ragib Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Pinho RCM, da Silva Barbosa AC, Caldas-Júnior ADF, Vasconcelos MMVB, Cimões R, Santos MTBRD. State, trait, and dental anxiety in caregivers of individuals with disabilities. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2017. [PMID: 28636131 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare state anxiety, trait anxiety, and dental anxiety in caregivers of patients with special needs and caregivers of pediatric patients without special needs at dental clinics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. All respondents were older than 18 years of age. Individuals with cognitive impairment and those taking anxiolytics, antidepressants, or sleep-inducing medication were excluded from the study. The sample consisted of 55 caregivers of patients with special needs and 55 caregivers of pediatric dental patients. A questionnaire was administered to determine the sociodemographic profile of the patients based on the 2015 Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. Anxiety regarding dental treatment was measured using the dental anxiety scale. The state-trait anxiety inventory was used to identify state and trait anxiety levels. RESULTS Caregivers of individuals with disabilities had a similar level of anxiety as caregivers of pediatric dental patients. Most caregivers of individuals with disabilities were mothers with an older age and a greater frequency of trait anxiety, especially when these mothers had health problems. State anxiety was associated with a lower education level. CONCLUSIONS Higher dental anxiety levels were found among caregivers with a higher level of trait anxiety, independently of the type of patient to which care was given.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Renata Cimões
- Department of Prosthesis and Oral Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Równiak M. The neurons expressing calcium-binding proteins in the amygdala of the guinea pig: precisely designed interface for sex hormones. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 222:3775-3793. [PMID: 28456912 PMCID: PMC5676811 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The generation of emotional responses by the amygdala is determined largely by the balance of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to its principal neurons. These responses are often sex-specific, and any imbalance in excitatory and/or inhibitory tones leads to serious psychiatric disorders which occur with different rates in men versus women. To investigate the neural basis of sex-specific processing in the amygdala, relationships between the neurons expressing calbindin (CB), parvalbumin (PV) and calretinin (CR), which form in the amygdala main subsets of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic inhibitory system, and neurons endowed with oestrogen alpha (ERα), oestrogen beta (ERβ) or androgen (AR) receptors were analysed using double immunohistochemistry in male and female guinea pig subjects. The results show that in various nuclei of the amygdala in both sexes small subsets of CB neurons and substantial proportions of PV neurons co-express ERβ, while many of the CR neurons co-express ERα. Both these oestrogen-sensitive populations are strictly separated as CB and PV neurons almost never co-express ERα, while CR cells are usually devoid of ERβ. In addition, in the medial nucleus and some other neighbouring regions, there are non-overlapping subpopulations of CB and CR neurons which co-express AR. In conclusion, the localization of ERα, ERβ or AR within subsets of GABAergic interneurons across diverse amygdaloid regions suggests that steroid hormones may exert a significant influence over local neuronal activity by directly modulating inhibitory tone. The control of inhibitory tone may be one of the mechanisms whereby oestrogen and androgen could modulate amygdala processing in a sex-specific manner. Another mechanism may be thorough steroid-sensitive projection neurons, which are most probably located in the medial and central nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Równiak
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Watad A, Bragazzi NL, Adawi M, Aljadeff G, Amital H, Comaneshter D, Cohen AD, Amital D. Anxiety disorder among rheumatoid arthritis patients: Insights from real-life data. J Affect Disord 2017; 213:30-34. [PMID: 28188994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders occur in a considerable proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), often reflecting the difficulties of these patients in coping with a chronic debilitating disorder. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the proportion of anxiety disorder in RA patients using a large database analysis. METHODS The study was designed as a case-control population-based study using data from the Clalit Health Services (CHS) database. Patients were defined as having RA or anxiety disorder when there was at least one documented diagnosis identified by the International Classification of Diseases-9 (ICD-9) from the medical records. The proportion of anxiety disorder was compared between RA patients and controls. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between RA and anxiety disorder in a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender and socioeconomic status (SES). RESULTS The study included 11,782 patients with RA and 57,973 age- and sex-frequency matched controls. The proportion of anxiety in RA patients was higher than in controls (7.1% vs 6.3%, p=0.001). In multivariate analysis, RA was found to be independently associated with anxiety (OR 1.11 [95%CI 1.03-1.20], p=0.01). Our study has some shortcomings, as its cross-sectional nature does not allow to make inferences about a causal relationship between RA and anxiety. CONCLUSION Our study confirms the higher proportion of anxiety in RA patients, especially young women with low SES. Physicians should be aware of such findings and, therefore, apply proper screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla Watad
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Nicola L Bragazzi
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mohammad Adawi
- Padeh and Ziv hospitals, Bar-Ilan, Faculty of Medicine, Zefat, Israel
| | - Gali Aljadeff
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Doron Comaneshter
- Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Arnon D Cohen
- Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services Tel Aviv, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniela Amital
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Ness Ziona-Beer Yaacov Mental Health Center, Beer-Yaacov, Israel
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Pezirkianidis C, Stalikas A, Efstathiou E, Karakasidou E. The relationship between meaning in life, emotions and psychological illness: The moderating role of the effects of the economic crisis. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.5964/ejcop.v4i1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Castelli RD, Quevedo LDÁ, Coelho FM, Lopez MA, Silva RAD, Böhm DM, Souza LD, Matos MBD, Pinheiro KA, Pinheiro RT. Association between perception of maternal bonding styles and social anxiety disorder among young women. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2015; 37:331-3. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Reference values for the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), the Whitely Index (WI), and the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-20R): The Leiden Routine Outcome Monitoring Study. J Affect Disord 2014; 164:82-9. [PMID: 24856558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), the Whitely Index (WI), and the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-20R) are three questionnaires often incorporated in routine outcome monitoring (ROM). Respectively, they assess symptom severity in patients with body dysmorphic disorder, hypochondriasis, and chronic fatigue syndrome. We aimed to generate reference values for a healthy population and for a population of patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for at least one of BDD, hypochondriasis, and CFS, treated in specialized mental health care. METHODS The healthy ROM reference-group (n=648) was recruited through general practitioners. These subjects were matched for age and sex with the ROM patient-group (n=823). To define limits (i.e., cut-off-values) for one-sided reference intervals (5th percentile [P5] for ROM patient-group and 95th percentile [P95] for ROM reference-group) the outermost 5% of observations were used. Discriminative powers were evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses RESULTS Cut-off-values (P95 ROM reference-group) were 55 for the BICI, 6 for the WI, and 92 for the CIS-20R. These values differed for men and women, being mostly higher for women. The discriminative power of all three somatoform questionnaires was very high. LIMITATIONS Substantial non-response and limited generalizability. CONCLUSIONS For the BICI, WI, and CIS-20R a comprehensive set of reference values was obtained. The reference values may support clinical decisions regarding adjusting or terminating therapy, and possible referral.
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Mondin TC, Konradt CE, Cardoso TDA, Quevedo LDA, Jansen K, Mattos LDD, Pinheiro RT, Silva RAD. Anxiety disorders in young people: a population-based study. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2013; 35:347-52. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen Jansen
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas (UCPel), Brazil
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Sharovsky LL, Romano BW. Depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with Metabolic Syndrome. ESTUDOS DE PSICOLOGIA (CAMPINAS) 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-166x2013000400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive symptoms have been associated to the Metabolic Syndrome. Nevertheless, only a few studies have evaluated anxiety and depression concomitantly. The objective of the research was to evaluate the intensity of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with Metabolic Syndrome and their relation to demographic variables. A unicenter, transversal study was carried out. A social demographic questionnaire was used. Depressive symptoms were measured with Beck Depression Inventory and anxiety symptoms were measured with Hamilton Anxiety Scale Rate. A total of 103 ambulatory patients, 60 of them men, with mean age 55.4 years (±7,6) with a diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome were included in the study. Anxiety symptoms of very severe intensity were present in 51.5% (n=53) while severe depressive symptoms in only 5.8% (n=6). Anxiety and depressive symptoms were significantly associated. In this sample, anxiety predominated in relation to the depressive symptoms. The anxiety symptoms were more intense in women and that had low level of education.
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Dell'Osso B, Camuri G, Benatti B, Buoli M, Altamura AC. Differences in latency to first pharmacological treatment (duration of untreated illness) in anxiety disorders: a study on patients with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Early Interv Psychiatry 2013; 7:374-80. [PMID: 23347385 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The latency to first pharmacological treatment (duration of untreated illness or 'DUI') is supposed to play a major role in terms of outcome in psychotic conditions. Interest in the field of affective disorders and, in particular, of duration of untreated anxiety, has been recently registered as well. However, a preliminary epidemiologic investigation of the phenomenon is necessary. The present study was aimed to investigate and compare age at onset, age at first pharmacological treatment and DUI in a sample of patients affected by different anxiety disorders. DUI was defined as the interval between the onset of the specific anxiety disorder and the administration of the first adequate pharmacological treatment in compliant subjects. METHODS Study sample included 350 patients, of both sexes, with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of panic disorder (n = 138), generalized anxiety disorder (n = 127) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (n = 85). RESULTS Panic disorder was associated with the shortest DUI (39.5 months), whereas obsessive-compulsive disorder was associated with the longest latency to treatment (94.5 months) (F = 13.333; P < 0.0001). Patients with generalized anxiety disorder showed a mean DUI of 81.6 months. CONCLUSION Present results indicate that patients with different anxiety disorders may wait for years (from 3 up to 8) before receiving a first adequate pharmacological treatment. Differences in terms of age at onset, age at the first pharmacological treatment and, ultimately, in DUI in specific anxiety disorders may depend on multiple clinical and environmental factors. Latency to non-pharmacological interventions (e.g. psychoeducation and different forms of psychotherapy) needs to be addressed and correlated with DUI in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Lebrón-Milad K, Tsareva A, Ahmed N, Milad MR. Sex differences and estrous cycle in female rats interact with the effects of fluoxetine treatment on fear extinction. Behav Brain Res 2013; 253:217-22. [PMID: 23886596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A common treatment for anxiety disorders is chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine. Recent data suggest that SSRIs modulate fear responses after conditioned fear extinction and that gonadal hormones influence fear extinction. In this study we investigated the influence of sex and the estrous cycle on the effects of acute (experiment 1) and chronic (experiment 2) fluoxetine treatment on fear extinction. In experiment 1, rats received tone-footshock pairings during day 1. On day 2, rats received either fluoxetine (10mg/kg in 0.5mL) or vehicle prior to extinction learning. On day 3, extinction memory was assessed during extinction recall. In experiment 2, rats were exposed to a similar behavioral protocol, except that fluoxetine and vehicle were administered for 14 consecutives days after conditioning (days 2-15). Extinction learning and extinction recall occurred on days 15 and 16, respectively. Acute administration of fluoxetine increased fear responses equally in males and females during extinction learning and extinction recall. Chronic administration of fluoxetine reduced fear responses during extinction learning and extinction recall in female but not in male rats and this effect seems to be modulated by the estrous cycle. The SSRI-induced reduction of freezing during extinction learning and recall suggest a general anxiolytic effect of the drug treatment rather than a specific effect on extinction learning per se. Our data show evidence of sex-specific anxiolytic effects of 14-day treatment of fluoxetine while the acute anxiogenic effect of SSRI seems independent of sex effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lebrón-Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.
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Bittencourt J, Velasques B, Teixeira S, Basile LF, Salles JI, Nardi AE, Budde H, Cagy M, Piedade R, Ribeiro P. Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2013; 9:1393-409. [PMID: 24072973 PMCID: PMC3783508 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s45931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study presented here analyzed the patterns of relationship between oculomotor performance and psychopathology, focusing on depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorder. METHODS Scientific articles published from 1967 to 2013 in the PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Cochrane, and SciELO databases were reviewed. RESULTS Saccadic eye movement appears to be heavily involved in psychiatric diseases covered in this review via a direct mechanism. The changes seen in the execution of eye movement tasks in patients with psychopathologies of various studies confirm that eye movement is associated with the cognitive and motor system. CONCLUSION Saccadic eye movement changes appear to be heavily involved in the psychiatric disorders covered in this review and may be considered a possible marker of some disorders. The few existing studies that approach the topic demonstrate a need to improve the experimental paradigms, as well as the methods of analysis. Most of them report behavioral variables (latency/reaction time), though electrophysiological measures are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Bittencourt
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Institute of Applied Neuroscience, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Neurophysiology and Neuropsychology of Attention, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Laboratory of Physical Therapy, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Estradiol modulates medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala activity during fear extinction in women and female rats. Biol Psychiatry 2011; 70:920-7. [PMID: 21762880 PMCID: PMC3197763 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men and women differ in their ability to extinguish fear. Fear extinction requires the activation of brain regions, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala. Could estradiol modulate the activity of these brain regions during fear extinction? METHODS All rat experiments were conducted in naturally cycling females. Rats underwent fear conditioning on Day 1. On Day 2, they underwent extinction training during the metestrus phase of the cycle (low estrogen and progesterone). Extinction recall was assessed on Day 3. Systemic injections of estrogen receptor-beta and -alpha agonists and of estradiol were administered at different time points to assess their influence on extinction consolidation and c-Fos expression in the vmPFC and amygdala. In parallel, healthy naturally cycling women underwent an analogous fear conditioning extinction training in a 3T functional magnetic resonance scanner. Measurement of their estradiol levels and skin conductance responses were obtained throughout the experiment. RESULTS In female rats, administration of the estrogen-receptor beta (but not alpha) agonist facilitated extinction recall. Immediate (but not delayed) postextinction training administration of estradiol facilitated extinction memory consolidation and increased c-Fos expression in the vmPFC while reducing it in the amygdala. In parallel, natural variance in estradiol in premenopausal cycling women modulated vmPFC and amygdala reactivity and facilitated extinction recall. CONCLUSIONS We provide translational evidence that demonstrates the influence of endogenous and exogenous estradiol on the fear extinction network. Our data suggest that women's endogenous hormonal status should be considered in future neurobiological research related to anxiety and mood disorders.
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Fröhlich SE, Mengue SS. [Are the drug prescription quality indicators of the World Health Organization still valid?]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2011; 16:2289-96. [PMID: 21584470 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232011000400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this article is to analyze the drug prescription quality indicators proposed by the World Health Organization in 1993 and suggest new indicators attuned to the new profile of illness of the population. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted by means of personal interviews and prescription analysis among 320 patients who were attended at Strategic Family Health Units located in a Brazilian municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The users were recruited by the consecutive nonprobabilistic sampling method. In accordance with the drug prescription quality indicators of the World Health Organization, the prescriptions can be considered adequate. However, analysis of those indicators shows that they may currently be inappropriate. Therefore, new indicators were created. Using the new, easily quantifiable and straightforward indicators proposed, it was possible to detect the problems in a drug prescription with a view to taking corrective action.
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Vogel conflict test: Sex differences and pharmacological validation of the model. Behav Brain Res 2011; 218:174-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Anxiolytic and anxiogenic drug effects on male and female gerbils in the black-white box. Behav Brain Res 2011; 216:285-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Milad MR, Zeidan MA, Contero A, Pitman RK, Klibanski A, Rauch SL, Goldstein JM. The influence of gonadal hormones on conditioned fear extinction in healthy humans. Neuroscience 2010; 168:652-8. [PMID: 20412837 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent rodent studies suggest that gonadal hormones influence extinction of conditioned fear. Here we investigated sex differences in, and the influence of estradiol and progesterone on, fear extinction in healthy humans. Men and women underwent a two-day paradigm in which fear conditioning and extinction learning took place on day 1 and extinction recall was tested on day 2. Visual cues were used as the conditioned stimuli and a mild electric shock was used as the unconditioned stimulus. Skin conductance was recorded throughout the experiment and used to measure conditioned responses (CRs). Blood samples were obtained from all women to measure estradiol and progesterone levels. We found that higher estradiol during extinction learning enhanced subsequent extinction recall but had no effects on fear acquisition or extinction learning itself. Sex differences were only observed during acquisition, with men exhibiting significantly higher CRs. After dividing women into low- and high-estradiol groups, men showed comparable extinction recall to high-estradiol women, and both of these groups showed higher extinction recall than low-estradiol women. Therefore, sex differences in extinction memory emerged only after taking into account women's estradiol levels. Lower estradiol may impair extinction consolidation in women. These findings could have practical applications in the treatment of anxiety disorders through cognitive and behavioral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Muschalla B, Linden M, Olbrich D. The relationship between job-anxiety and trait-anxiety--a differential diagnostic investigation with the Job-Anxiety-Scale and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory. J Anxiety Disord 2010; 24:366-71. [PMID: 20207103 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Job-related anxiety, in contrast to general trait-anxiety, is by its very nature associated with problems of participation at work. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between general trait-anxiety and specific job-related anxiety and to examine whether job-anxiety and trait-anxiety are differently associated with sick leave. 190 inpatients of a psychosomatic and orthopaedic rehabilitation center with mental and somatic disorders filled in the Job-Anxiety-Scale (JAS) and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI-T). Additionally, informations on age, gender, the current duration of sick leave in weeks, employment status, duration of unemployment, and position at the workplace were collected. Highest scores of job-anxiety were found for the JAS-dimensions "job-related worries" and "health anxieties", followed by "cognitions of insufficiency," "stimulus-related anxieties," and "social anxieties." JAS and STAI-T were significantly correlated. Job-anxiety, in contrast to trait-anxiety, was significantly related to duration of sick leave. Women showed higher scores on the STAI-T but not on the JAS. It can be concluded that job-anxiety is related to but not identical with trait-anxiety. Job-anxiety is important to understand sick leave and appears as a multidimensional and clinically important phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Muschalla
- Research Group Psychosomatic Rehabilitation, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Rehabilitation Center Seehof, Lichterfelder Allee 55, 14513 Teltow/Berlin, Germany.
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Tudiver F, Edwards JB, Pfortmiller DT. Depression Screening Patterns for Women in Rural Health Clinics. J Rural Health 2010; 26:44-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Milad MR, Igoe SA, Lebron-Milad K, Novales JE. Estrous cycle phase and gonadal hormones influence conditioned fear extinction. Neuroscience 2009; 164:887-95. [PMID: 19761818 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal hormones modulate fear acquisition, but less is known about the influence of gonadal hormones on fear extinction. We assessed sex differences and the influence of gonadal hormone fluctuations and exogenous manipulations of estrogen and progesterone on acquisition, extinction learning and extinction recall in a 3 day auditory fear conditioning and extinction protocol. Experiments were conducted on males and naturally cycling female rats. Regarding female rats, significant differences in fear extinction were observed between subgroups of females, depending on their phase of the estrous cycle. Extinction that took place during the proestrus (high estrogen/progesterone) phase was more fully consolidated, as evidenced by low freezing during a recall test. This suggests that estrogen and/or progesterone facilitate extinction. In support of this, injection of both estrogen and progesterone prior to extinction learning in female rats during the metestrus phase of the cycle (low estrogen/progesterone) facilitated extinction consolidation, and blockade of estrogen and progesterone receptors during the proestrus phase impaired extinction consolidation. When comparing male to female rats without consideration of the estrous cycle phase, no significant sex differences were observed. When accounting for cycle phase in females, sex differences were observed only during extinction recall. Female rats that underwent extinction during the metestrus phase showed significantly higher freezing during the recall test relative to males. Collectively, these data suggest that gonadal hormones influence extinction behavior possibly by influencing the function of brain regions involved in the consolidation of fear extinction. Moreover, the elevated fear observed in female relative to male rats during extinction recall suggests that gonadal hormones may in part play a role in the higher prevalence of anxiety disorders in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Bradley BF, Brown SL, Chu S, Lea RW. Effects of orally administered lavender essential oil on responses to anxiety-provoking film clips. Hum Psychopharmacol 2009; 24:319-30. [PMID: 19382124 DOI: 10.1002/hup.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lavender odour is commonly used to alleviate mild anxiety. Double blind studies are difficult to conduct with odours, and there are few reliable investigations of lavender's efficacy. METHOD Orally administered lavender capsules (placebo, 100, 200 microl) were tested in a randomised between-subjects (n = 97) double-blind study. Film clips were used to elicit anxiety. Measures included anxiety, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), mood, positive and negative affect scale (PANAS), heart rate (HR), galvanic skin response (GSR), and heart rate variation (HRV). Following baseline measurements capsules were administered. Participants viewed a neutral film clip, then an anxiety-provoking and light-hearted recovery film clip. RESULTS For the 200 microl lavender dose during the neutral film clip there was a trend towards reduced state anxiety, GSR and HR and increased HRV. In the anxiety-eliciting film, lavender was mildly beneficial in females but only on HRV measures. In males sympathetic arousal increased during the anxiety film (GSR). HRV significantly increased at 200 microl during all three film clips in females, suggesting decreased anxiety. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that lavender has anxiolytic effects in humans under conditions of low anxiety, but these effects may not extend to conditions of high anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda F Bradley
- School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.
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Vieira JLL, Porcu M, Buzzo VADS. A prática da hidroginástica como tratamento complementar para pacientes com transtorno de ansiedade. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s0047-20852009000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Analisar a efetividade da hidroginástica, como auxiliar terapêutico à redução do nível de ansiedade, em mulheres diagnosticadas com transtorno de ansiedade. MÉTODOS: Este ensaio clínico teve a participação de pacientes com ansiedade, sendo a depressão a comorbidade existente, do programa de Residência Médica em Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário de Maringá, todas em tratamento com medicamentos (n = 16: grupo experimental = 8; grupo-controle = 8). O experimento foi realizado na piscina aquecida do Departamento de Educação Física da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. O delineamento do estudo foi elaborado com duas sessões de hidroginástica por semana, durante 12 semanas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI) e o Perfil de Estado de Humor (POMS). Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste de Friedman, o Teste de Wilcoxon, o Teste de Mann-Whitney e Comparações Múltiplas, adotando significância em 5%. RESULTADOS: Os escores do transtorno de ansiedade tiveram redução no grupo experimental, após 12 semanas de intervenção (19,12 ± 3,12 para 8,37 ± 4,60 pontos, P = 0,0005*), e no grupo-controle (17,87 ± 14,32 para 12,12 ± 9,58 pontos, P = 0,254). Para o perfil do estado de humor, o grupo experimental evidenciou perfil de saúde mental positiva, enquanto o grupo-controle demonstrou perfil negativo de estado de humor. CONCLUSÕES: Portanto, as pacientes do grupo experimental evidenciaram significativa redução do nível de ansiedade em relação às pacientes do grupo-controle, que utilizaram apenas o tratamento convencional com medicamentos. Para o perfil do estado de humor, foram encontradas alterações no decorrer do estudo; o grupo-controle experimentou alteração negativa de humor durante o ensaio clínico, enquanto os pacientes do grupo experimental evidenciaram perfil positivo de estado de humor com redução da tensão, depressão, raiva, confusão e aumento do vigor.
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Elbreder MF, Laranjeira R, Siqueira MMD, Barbosa DA. Perfil de mulheres usuárias de álcool em ambulatório especializado em dependência química. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0047-20852008000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Embora cresça o número de mulheres com abuso ou dependência alcoólica, elas ainda permanecem como alvo não prioritário na tomada de decisão dos gestores de políticas públicas. OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico de mulheres com abuso ou dependência do álcool, identificar o consumo alcoólico, as intervenções terapêuticas realizadas e alguns fatores que poderiam estar relacionados ao abandono precoce do tratamento nesta população. METÓDOS: Foram incluídas 192 mulheres que procuraram pela primeira vez tratamento na Unidade de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas (UNIAD) da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), no período de 2000 a 2006. As informações foram coletadas nos prontuários das pacientes, as quais foram separadas em dois grupos, usando-se como critério o abandono de tratamento. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa nas características sociodemográficas da população estudada. Em ambos os grupos houve predomínio de solteiras, com primeiro grau incompleto e situação de desemprego. O consumo diário de destilados foi significantemente maior no grupo abandono gradual (p < 0,002). O grau de dependência grave foi significantemente maior (p < 0,001) nos dois grupos em relação aos graus leve e moderado. A quantidade de álcool ingerida por semana, o uso de medicação coadjuvante e a necessidade de atendimento psiquiátrico prévio foi significantemente maior no grupo abandono gradual (p < 0,001 e p < 0,002), respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Mulheres usuárias de álcool que desistiram do tratamento no primeiro mês quando comparadas às não desistentes fizeram mais uso de fermentados ou a associação deste com destilados, consumiram menos unidades de álcool por semana, usaram menos medicações coadjuvantes e procuraram menos tratamentos prévios.
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