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Wang C, Chen J, Tian W, Han Y, Xu X, Ren T, Tian C, Chen C. Natto: A medicinal and edible food with health function. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2023; 15:349-359. [PMID: 37538862 PMCID: PMC10394349 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natto is a soybean product fermented by natto bacteria. It is rich in a variety of amino acids, vitamins, proteins and active enzymes. It has a number of biological activities, such as thrombolysis, prevention of osteoporosis, antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant and so on. It is widely used in medicine, health-care food, biocatalysis and other fields. Natto is rich in many pharmacological active substances and has significant medicinal research value. This paper summarizes the pharmacological activities and applications of natto in and outside China, so as to provide references for further research and development of natto.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Jinpeng Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Marker of Traditional Medicine, Tianjin 300462, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Wenguo Tian
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Yanqi Han
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Marker of Traditional Medicine, Tianjin 300462, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Marker of Traditional Medicine, Tianjin 300462, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Marker of Traditional Medicine, Tianjin 300462, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Chengwang Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Marker of Traditional Medicine, Tianjin 300462, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Changqing Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Marker of Traditional Medicine, Tianjin 300462, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
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Gopikrishna T, Suresh Kumar HK, Perumal K, Elangovan E. Impact of Bacillus in fermented soybean foods on human health. ANN MICROBIOL 2021; 71:30. [PMID: 34305497 PMCID: PMC8285709 DOI: 10.1186/s13213-021-01641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fermented soybean foods (FSF) is popularly consumed in the South-East Asian countries. Bacillus species, a predominant microorganism present in these foods, have demonstrated beneficial and deleterious impacts on human health. These microorganisms produce bioactive compounds during fermentation that have beneficial impacts in improving human health. However, the health risks associated with FSF, food pathogens, biogenic amines (BAs) production, and late-onset anaphylaxis, remain a concern. The purpose of this review is to present an in-depth analysis of positive and negative impacts as a result of consumption of FSF along with the measures to alleviate health risks for human consumption. METHODS This review was composed by scrutinizing contemporary literature of peer-reviewed publications related to Bacillus and FSF. Based on the results from academic journals, this review paper was categorized into FSF, role of Bacillus species in these foods, process of fermentation, beneficial, and adverse influence of these foods along with methods to improve food safety. Special emphasis was given to the potential benefits of bioactive compounds released during fermentation of soybean by Bacillus species. RESULTS The nutritional and functional properties of FSF are well-appreciated, due to the release of peptides and mucilage, which have shown health benefits: in managing cardiac disease, gastric disease, cancer, allergies, hepatic disease, obesity, immune disorders, and especially microbial infections due to the presence of probiotic property, which is a potential alternative to antibiotics. Efficient interventions were established to mitigate pitfalls like the techniques to reduce BAs and food pathogens and by using a defined starter culture to improve the safety and quality of these foods. CONCLUSION Despite some of the detrimental effects produced by these foods, potential health benefits have been observed. Therefore, soybean foods fermented by Bacillus can be a promising food by integrating effective measures for maintaining safety and quality for human consumption. Further, in vivo analysis on the activity and dietary interventions of bioactive compounds among animal models and human volunteers are yet to be achieved which is essential to commercialize them for safe consumption by humans, especially immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishala Gopikrishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Harini Keerthana Suresh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Kumar Perumal
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Elavarashi Elangovan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
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Chaurasia LK, Tamang B, Tirwa RK, Lepcha PL. Influence of biosurfactant producing Bacillus tequilensis LK5.4 isolate of kinema, a fermented soybean, on seed germination and growth of maize ( Zea mays L.). 3 Biotech 2020; 10:297. [PMID: 32550114 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the lipopeptide biosurfactant was extracted, purified and characterized from the Bacillus isolate LK5.4 obtained from kinema samples of Sikkim. Plant growth-promoting property of the biosurfactant producing bacterium was also evaluated. Out of fifty-seven isolates, only ten were biosurfactant producer as determined by the oil displacement test. Bacillus isolate LK5.4 showed the maximum emulsification index (52.3 ± 0.02), reduced surface tension up to 40% and produced 754 mgL-1 biosurfactant in the nutrient broth. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolate LK5.4 was identified as B. tequilensis. Biosurfactant was purified by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Evaluation of the chemical characteristics by TLC, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy identified the biosurfactant as surfactin. The effect of different concentration of biosurfactant in maize seed germination was evaluated under in vitro condition. It showed the fastest growth of seedlings at 300 µg/ml biosurfactant solution. Similar results were shown by the potted plant experiment, where the soil was directly treated with biosurfactant producing bacterium LK5.4. The LK5.4 treated plants showed a mean height of 29.17 ± 0.47 cm and mean leaf length of 18.42 ± 0.17 cm while the mean height and mean length of the leaf were 15.48 ± 0.98 cm and 11.12 ± 0.40 cm respectively in the control plants. The treated plants had higher moisture content (68.48 ± 2.79%) than the control plants (50.53 ± 1.63%), which is because of higher bioadsorption in the treated plants. These results provided indirect evidence of plant growth-promoting property of the biosurfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit K Chaurasia
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong, Sikkim India
| | - Buddhiman Tamang
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong, Sikkim India
| | - Ranjan K Tirwa
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong, Sikkim India
| | - Pinkey L Lepcha
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong, Sikkim India
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Cheffi M, Hentati D, Chebbi A, Mhiri N, Sayadi S, Marqués AM, Chamkha M. Isolation and characterization of a newly naphthalene-degrading Halomonas pacifica, strain Cnaph3: biodegradation and biosurfactant production studies. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:89. [PMID: 32089984 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly marine Halomonas pacifica strain Cnaph3 was isolated, as a naphthalene degrader and biosurfactant producer, from contaminated seawater collected in Ataya's fishing harbor, located in Kerkennah Islands, Tunisia. Chromatography flame ionization detector analysis revealed that 98.8% of naphthalene (200 mg/L) was degraded after 7 days of incubation, at 30 g/L NaCl and 37 °C. Strain Cnaph3 showed also a noticeable capacity to grow on a wide range of aliphatic, aromatic, and complex hydrocarbons. Interestingly, strain Cnaph3 showed a significant potential to produce biosurfactants in the presence of all tested substrates, particularly on glycerol (1%, v/v). Electrospray ionization analysis of the biosurfactant, designated Bios-Cnaph3, suggested a lipopeptide composition. The critical micelle concentration of Bios-Cnaph3 was about 500 mg/L. At this concentration, the surface tension of the water was reduced to 27.6 mN/m. Furthermore, Bios-Cnaph3 displayed interesting stabilities over a wide range of temperatures (4-105 °C), salinities (0-100 g/L NaCl), and pH (2.2-12.5). In addition, it showed promising capacities to remove used motor oil from contaminated soils. The biodegradation and biosurfactant-production potential of the Halomonas sp. strain Cnaph3 would present this strain as a favorite agent for bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites under saline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Cheffi
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Hentati
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Alif Chebbi
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najla Mhiri
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- 2Center of Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ana Maria Marqués
- 3Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
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Ren J, He W, Li C, He S, Niu D. Purification and identification of a novel antifungal protein from Bacillus subtilis XB-1. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:150. [PMID: 31549229 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize a powerful antifungal component from bacteria. Bacillus subtilis strain XB-1, which showed maximal inhibition of Monilinia fructicola, was isolated and identified, and an antifungal protein was obtained from it. Ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were used to purify and identify the proteins secreted by B. subtilis XB-1. Analyses revealed that purified fraction V had the strongest antifungal effect, with the largest pathogen inhibition zone diameter of 4.15 cm after 4 days (P < 0.05). This fraction showed a single band with a molecular weight of approximately 43 kDa in SDS-PAGE. Results from SDS-PAGE and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that fraction V was likely a member of the chitosanase family. These results suggest that B. subtilis XB-1 and its antifungal protein may be useful in potential biocontrol applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Ren
- Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wenhao He
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Song He
- Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Dongze Niu
- Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
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Saggese A, Culurciello R, Casillo A, Corsaro MM, Ricca E, Baccigalupi L. A Marine Isolate of Bacillus pumilus Secretes a Pumilacidin Active against Staphylococcus aureus. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16060180. [PMID: 29882934 PMCID: PMC6025400 DOI: 10.3390/md16060180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing antimicrobials is a common adaptive behavior shared by many microorganisms, including marine bacteria. We report that SF214, a marine-isolated strain of Bacillus pumilus, produces at least two different molecules with antibacterial activity: a molecule smaller than 3 kDa active against Staphylococcus aureus and a molecule larger than 10 kDa active against Listeria monocytogenes. We focused our attention on the anti-Staphylococcus molecule and found that it was active at a wide range of pH conditions and that its secretion was dependent on the growth phase, medium, and temperature. A mass spectrometry analysis of the size-fractionated supernatant of SF214 identified the small anti-Staphylococcus molecule as a pumilacidin, a nonribosomally synthesized biosurfactant composed of a mixture of cyclic heptapeptides linked to fatty acids of variable length. The analysis of the SF214 genome revealed the presence of a gene cluster similar to the srfA-sfp locus encoding the multimodular, nonribosomal peptide synthases found in other surfactant-producing bacilli. However, the srfA-sfp cluster of SF214 differed from that present in other surfactant-producing strains of B. pumilus by the presence of an insertion element previously found only in strains of B. safensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anella Saggese
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Culurciello
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angela Casillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ezio Ricca
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy.
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Huang W, Lang Y, Hakeem A, Lei Y, Gan L, Yang X. Surfactin-based nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin to overcome multidrug resistance in cancers. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1723-1736. [PMID: 29606866 PMCID: PMC5868599 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s157368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major obstacles to successful cancer chemotherapy. Developing efficient strategies to reverse MDR remains a major challenge. Surfactin (SUR), a cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactant, has been found to display anticancer activity. METHODS In this paper, SUR was assembled by solvent-emulsion method to load the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The cytotoxicity of DOX-loaded SUR nanoparticles (DOX@SUR) against DOX-resistant human breast cancer MCF-7/ADR is measured by MTT assay. The cellular uptake and intracellular retention of DOX@SUR are determined by flow cytometry. The tumor accumulation and anticancer activity of DOX@SUR are evaluated in MCF-7/ADR-bearing nude mice. RESULTS DOX@SUR induce stronger cytotoxicity against DOX-resistant human breast cancer MCF-7/ADR cells compared to free DOX. DOX@SUR nanoparticles exhibit enhanced cellular uptake and decreased cellular efflux, which might be associated with reduced P-glycoprotein expression. After internalization into MCF-7/ADR cells by macropinocytosis- and caveolin-mediated endocytosis, DOX@SUR nanoparticles are colocalized with the lysosomes and translocated to the nucleus to exert cytotoxicity. Furthermore, in vivo animal experiment shows that the DOX@ SUR nanoparticles are accumulated more efficiently in tumors than free DOX. Meanwhile, DOX@SUR nanoparticles display stronger tumor inhibition activity and fewer side effects in MCF-7/ADR-bearing nude mice. CONCLUSION This study indicates that SUR-based nanocarrier might present a promising platform to reverse MDR in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Huang
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yan Lang
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Abdul Hakeem
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Pharmacy of School Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Silva M, Rosado T, Teixeira D, Candeias A, Caldeira AT. Green mitigation strategy for cultural heritage: bacterial potential for biocide production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:4871-4881. [PMID: 27988897 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several biosurfactants with antagonistic activity are produced by a variety of microorganisms. Lipopeptides (LPPs) produced by some Bacillus strains, including surfactin, fengycin and iturin are synthesized nonribosomally by mega-peptide synthetase (NRPS) units and they are particularly relevant as antifungal agents. Characterisation, identification and evaluation of the potentials of several bacterial isolates were undertaken in order to establish the production of active lipopeptides against biodeteriogenic fungi from heritage assets. Analysis of the iturin operon revealed four open reading frames (ORFs) with the structural organisation of the peptide synthetases. Therefore, this work adopted a molecular procedure to access antifungal potential of LPP production by Bacillus strains in order to exploit the bioactive compounds synthesis as a green natural approach to be applied in biodegraded cultural heritage context. The results reveal that the bacterial strains with higher antifungal potential exhibit the same morphological and biochemical characteristics, belonging to the genera Bacillus. On the other hand, the higher iturinic genetic expression, for Bacillus sp. 3 and Bacillus sp. 4, is in accordance with the culture antifungal spectra. Accordingly, the adopted methodology combining antifungal screening and molecular data is represent a valuable tool for quick identification of iturin-producing strains, constituting an effective approach for confirming the selection of lipopeptides producer strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Silva
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Technology, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal
- HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Tânia Rosado
- HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Dora Teixeira
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Technology, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal
- HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - António Candeias
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Technology, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal
- HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Caldeira
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Technology, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal.
- HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal.
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Ben Ayed H, Hmidet N, Béchet M, Jacques P, Nasri M. Identification and natural functions of cyclic lipopeptides from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens An6. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:536-544. [PMID: 32624798 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopeptides constitute a structurally diverse group of metabolites produced by various bacterial and fungal genera. In the past decades, research on lipopeptides has been fueled by their surfactant activities. However, natural functions of lipopeptides compounds have received considerably less attention. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the lipopeptides from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens An6, and further evaluate their biological activities. An6 lipopeptides were detected by PCR using degenerated primers and MALDI-TOF-MS. An6 strain was found to produce surfactin, fengycin, and bacillomycin. Following their purification, the in vitro antioxidant activity of An6 lipopeptides was studied through different assays. The scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals at a dosage of 0.75 mg/mL was 81%. Its reducing power was concentration-dependant and reached a maximum of 1.07 at 2.5 mg/mL. Moreover, they showed a strong inhibition of β-carotene bleaching. An6 lipopeptides mixture was also found to display significant antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungal strains. An6 lipopeptides were insensitive to proteolytic enzymes, stable between pH 4.0 and 12.0, and resistant to high temperature. Our results provided enough evidence proving that An6 lipopeptides could be used as functional-food components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Ben Ayed
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax Université de Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Noomen Hmidet
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax Université de Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Max Béchet
- ProBioGEM- EA1026, Polytech'Lille/IUTA Université Lille-Nord de France Villeneuve d'Asq France
| | - Philippe Jacques
- ProBioGEM- EA1026, Polytech'Lille/IUTA Université Lille-Nord de France Villeneuve d'Asq France
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax Université de Sfax Sfax Tunisia
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Mesbaiah FZ, Eddouaouda K, Badis A, Chebbi A, Hentati D, Sayadi S, Chamkha M. Preliminary characterization of biosurfactant produced by a PAH-degrading Paenibacillus sp. under thermophilic conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:14221-14230. [PMID: 27053051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The capacities of a biosurfactant producing and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) utilizing bacterium, namely, strain 1C, isolated from an Algerian contaminated soil, were investigated. Strain 1C belonged to the Paenibacillus genus and was closely related to the specie Paenibacillus popilliae, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.4 %. It was able to produce biosurfactant using olive oil as substrate. The biosurfactant production was shown by surface tension (32.6 mN/m) after 24 h of incubation at 45 °C and 150 rpm. The biosurfactant(s) retained its properties during exposure to elevated temperatures (70 °C), relatively high salinity (20 % NaCl), and a wide range of pH values (2-10). The infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that its chemical structure belonged to lipopeptide class. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of this biosurfactant was about 0.5 g/l with 29.4 mN/m. In addition, the surface active compound(s) produced by strain 1C enhanced PAH solubility and showed a significant antimicrobial activity against pathogens. In addition to its biosurfactant production, strain 1C was shown to be able to utilize PAHs as the sole carbon and energy sources. Strain 1C as hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria and its interesting surface active agent may be used for cleaning the environments polluted with polyaromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Zohra Mesbaiah
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry and Biomolecules (LNSCB), University of Saad Dahlab-Blida 1, P.O. Box 270, 09000, Blida, Algeria.
- National Centre for Research and Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture (CNRDPA), 11, Bd. Amirouche, P.O. Box 67, Bousmail, W. Tipaza, Algeria.
| | - Kamel Eddouaouda
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry and Biomolecules (LNSCB), University of Saad Dahlab-Blida 1, P.O. Box 270, 09000, Blida, Algeria
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelmalek Badis
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry and Biomolecules (LNSCB), University of Saad Dahlab-Blida 1, P.O. Box 270, 09000, Blida, Algeria
- National Centre for Research and Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture (CNRDPA), 11, Bd. Amirouche, P.O. Box 67, Bousmail, W. Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Alif Chebbi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Hentati
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
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Narendra Kumar P, Swapna TH, Khan MY, Reddy G, Hameeda B. Statistical optimization of antifungal iturin A production from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RHNK22 using agro-industrial wastes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 24:1722-1740. [PMID: 30294240 PMCID: PMC6169434 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants are secondary metabolites with surface active properties and have wide application in agriculture, industrial and therapeutic products. The present study was aimed to screen bacteria for the production of biosurfactant, its characterization and development of a cost effective media formulation for iturin A production. A total of 100 bacterial isolates were isolated from different rhizosphere soil samples by enrichment culture method and screened for biosurfactant activity. Twenty isolates were selected for further studies based on their biosurfactant activity [emulsification index (EI%), emulsification assay (EA), surface tension (ST) reduction] and antagonistic activity. Among them one potential isolate Bacillus sp. RHNK22 showed good EI% and EA with different hydrocarbons tested in this study. Using biochemical methods and 16S rRNA gene sequence, it was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Presence of iturin A in RHNK22 was identified by gene specific primers and confirmed as iturin A by FTIR and HPLC. B. amyloliquefaciens RHNK22 exhibited good surface active properties and antifungal activity against Sclerotium rolfsii and Macrophomina phaseolina. For cost-effective production of iturin A, 16 different agro-industrial wastes were screened as substrates, and Sunflower oil cake (SOC) was favouring high iturin A production. Further, using response surface methodology (RSM) model, there was a 3-fold increase in iturin A production (using SOC 4%, inoculum size 1%, at pH 6.0 and 37 °C temperature in 48 h). This is the first report on using SOC as a substrate for iturin A production.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Narendra Kumar
- Dept of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - T H Swapna
- Dept of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Mohamed Yahya Khan
- Dept of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Gopal Reddy
- Dept of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Bee Hameeda
- Dept of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Sharma D, Ansari MJ, Gupta S, Al Ghamdi A, Pruthi P, Pruthi V. Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Biosurfactant Obtained From Bacillus pumilus DSVP18 Grown on Potato Peels. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8:e21257. [PMID: 26495106 PMCID: PMC4609174 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.21257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biosurfactants constitute a structurally diverse group of surface-active compounds derived from microorganisms. They are widely used industrially in various industrial applications such as pharmaceutical and environmental sectors. Major limiting factor in biosurfactant production is their production cost. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate biosurfactant production under laboratory conditions with potato peels as the sole source of carbon source. MATERIALS AND METHODS A biosurfactant-producing bacterial strain (Bacillus pumilus DSVP18, NCBI GenBank accession no. GQ865643) was isolated from motor oil contaminated soil samples. Biochemical characteristics of the purified biosurfactant were determined and its chemical structure was analyzed. Stability studies were performed and biological activity of the biosurfactant was also evaluated. RESULTS The strain, when grown on modified minimal salt media supplemented with 2% potato peels as the sole carbon source, showed the ability to reduce Surface Tension (ST) value of the medium from 72 to 28.7 mN/m. The isolated biosurfactant (3.2 ± 0.32 g/L) was stable over a wide range of temperatures (20 - 120 ºC), pH (2-12) and salt concentrations (2 - 12%). When characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it was found to be a lipopeptide in nature, which was further confirmed by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (mass peak 1044.60) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. Data showed that the isolated biosurfactant at the concentration range of 30 - 35 µg/ml had strong antimicrobial activity when tested against standard strains of Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Paenibacillus larvae. CONCLUSIONS Potato peels were proved to be potentially useful substrates for biosurfactant production by B. pumilus DSVP18. The strain possessed a unique property to reduce surface tension of the media from 72 to 28.7 mN/m. In addition, it showed a stable surface activity over a wide range of temperatures, pH, and saline conditions and had strong antimicrobial activity. This potential of the identified biosurfactant can be exploited by pharmaceutical industries for its commercial usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, KSA
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Javed Ansari, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, KSA. Tel: +966-1146796001, Fax: +966-114693877, E-mail:
| | - Sonam Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Ahmad Al Ghamdi
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, KSA
| | - Parul Pruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Vikas Pruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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Dhasayan A, Selvin J, Kiran S. Biosurfactant production from marine bacteria associated with sponge Callyspongia diffusa. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:443-454. [PMID: 28324546 PMCID: PMC4522725 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine-derived biosurfactants have gained significant attention due to their structural and functional diversity. Biosurfactant production was performed using bacteria associated with Callyspongia diffusa, a marine sponge inhabiting the southern coast of India. A total of 101 sponge-associated bacteria were isolated on different media, of which 29 isolates showed positive result for biosurfactant production. Among the 29 positive isolates, four were selected based on highest emusification activity and were identified based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. These isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis MB-7, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MB-101, Halomonas sp. MB-30 and Alcaligenes sp. MB-I9. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers KF493730, KJ540939, KJ414418 and KJ540940, respectively. Based on the highest oil displacement activity and effective surface tension reduction potential, the isolate B. amyloliquefaciens MB-101 was selected for further optimization and structural delineation. The production of biosurfactant by the isolate was significantly enhanced up to 6.76 g/l with optimal concentration values of 2.83 % for glycerol, 2.65 % for peptone, 20.11 mM for ferrous sulfate and 74 h of incubation by employing factorial design. The structural features of the purified biosurfactant from B. amyloliquefaciens MB-101 showed similarity with lipopeptide class of biosurfactant. In conclusion, the present study emphasizes the utilization of marine sponge-associated bacteria for the production of biosurfactant that may find various applications.
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High molecular weight bioemulsifiers, main properties and potential environmental and biomedical applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:691-706. [PMID: 25739564 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
High molecular weight bioemulsifiers are amphipathic polysaccharides, proteins, lipopolysaccharides, lipoproteins, or complex mixtures of these biopolymers, produced by a wide variety of microorganisms. They are characterized by highly structural diversity and have the ability to decrease the surface and interfacial tension at the surface and interface respectively and/or emulsify hydrophobic compounds. Emulsan, fatty acids, phospholipids, neutral lipids, exopolysaccharides, vesicles and fimbriae are among the most popular high molecular weight bioemulsifiers. They have great physic-chemical properties like tolerance to extreme conditions of pH, temperature and salinity, low toxicity and biodegradability. Owing their emulsion forming and breaking capacities, solubilization, mobilization and dispersion activities and their viscosity reduction activity; they possess great environmental application as enhancer of hydrocarbon biodegradation and for microbial enhanced oil recovery. Besides, they are applied in biomedical fields for their antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activities and involvement in immune responses.
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Duarte C, Gudiña EJ, Lima CF, Rodrigues LR. Effects of biosurfactants on the viability and proliferation of human breast cancer cells. AMB Express 2014; 4:40. [PMID: 24949273 PMCID: PMC4052778 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-014-0040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants are molecules with surface activity produced by microorganisms that can be used in many biomedical applications. The anti-tumour potential of these molecules is being studied, although results are still scarce and few data are available regarding the mechanisms underlying such activity. In this work, the anti-tumour activity of a surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis 573 and a glycoprotein (BioEG) produced by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei A20 was evaluated. Both biosurfactants were tested against two breast cancer cell lines, T47D and MDA-MB-231, and a non-tumour fibroblast cell line (MC-3 T3-E1), specifically regarding cell viability and proliferation. Surfactin was found to decrease viability of both breast cancer cell lines studied. A 24 h exposure to 0.05 g l(-1) surfactin led to inhibition of cell proliferation as shown by cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Similarly, exposure of cells to 0.15 g l(-1) BioEG for 48 h decreased cancer cells' viability, without affecting normal fibroblasts. Moreover, BioEG induced the cell cycle arrest at G1 for both breast cancer cell lines. The biosurfactant BioEG was shown to be more active than surfactin against the studied breast cancer cells. The results gathered in this work are very promising regarding the biosurfactants potential for breast cancer treatment and encourage further work with the BioEG glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Duarte
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Eduardo J Gudiña
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Cristovao F Lima
- Department of Biology, CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Ligia R Rodrigues
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
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Okoroma EA, Purchase D, Garelick H, Morris R, Neale MH, Windl O, Abiola OO. Enzymatic formulation capable of degrading scrapie prion under mild digestion conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68099. [PMID: 23874511 PMCID: PMC3712960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The prion agent is notoriously resistant to common proteases and conventional sterilisation procedures. The current methods known to destroy prion infectivity such as incineration, alkaline and thermal hydrolysis are harsh, destructive, environmentally polluting and potentially hazardous, thus limit their applications for decontamination of delicate medical and laboratory devices, remediation of prion contaminated environment and for processing animal by-products including specified risk materials and carcases. Therefore, an environmentally friendly, non-destructive enzymatic degradation approach is highly desirable. A feather-degrading Bacillus licheniformis N22 keratinase has been isolated which degraded scrapie prion to undetectable level of PrPSc signals as determined by Western Blot analysis. Prion infectivity was verified by ex vivo cell-based assay. An enzymatic formulation combining N22 keratinase and biosurfactant derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded PrPSc at 65°C in 10 min to undetectable level -. A time-course degradation analysis carried out at 50°C over 2 h revealed the progressive attenuation of PrPSc intensity. Test of residual infectivity by standard cell culture assay confirmed that the enzymatic formulation reduced PrPSc infectivity to undetectable levels as compared to cells challenged with untreated standard scrapie sheep prion (SSBP/1) (p-value = 0.008 at 95% confidence interval). This novel enzymatic formulation has significant potential application for prion decontamination in various environmentally friendly systems under mild treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeka A. Okoroma
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diane Purchase
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Hemda Garelick
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael H. Neale
- Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Otto Windl
- Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Oduola O. Abiola
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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Liu X, Ren B, Gao H, Liu M, Dai H, Song F, Yu Z, Wang S, Hu J, Kokare CR, Zhang L. Optimization for the production of surfactin with a new synergistic antifungal activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34430. [PMID: 22629294 PMCID: PMC3356355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two of our long term efforts are to discover compounds with synergistic antifungal activity from metabolites of marine derived microbes and to optimize the production of the interesting compounds produced by microorganisms. In this respect, new applications or mechanisms of already known compounds with a high production yield could be continually identified. Surfactin is a well-known lipopeptide biosurfactant with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antiviral activity; however, there is less knowledge on surfactin’s antifungal activity. In this study, we investigated the synergistic antifungal activity of C15-surfactin and the optimization of its production by the response surface method. Methodology/Principal Findings Using a synergistic antifungal screening model, we found that the combination of C15-surfactin and ketoconazole (KTC) showed synergistic antifungal effect on Candida albicans SC5314 when the concentrations of C15-surfactin and KTC were 6.25 µg/mL and 0.004 µg/mL, respectively. These concentrations were lower than their own efficient antifungal concentrations, which are >100 µg/mL and 0.016 µg/mL, respectively. The production of C15-surfactin from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was optimized by the response surface methodology in shaker flask cultivation. The Plackett-Burman design found sucrose, ammonium nitrate and NaH2PO4.2H2O to have significant effects on C15-surfactin production. The optimum values of the tested variables were 21.17 g/L sucrose, 2.50 g/L ammonium nitrate and 11.56 g/L NaH2PO4·2H2O. A production of 134.2 mg/L, which were in agreement with the prediction, was observed in a verification experiment. In comparison to the production of original level (88.6 mg/L), a 1.52-fold increase had been obtained. Conclusion/Significance This work first found that C15-surfactin was an efficient synergistic antifungal agent, and demonstrated that response surface methodology was an effective method to improve the production of C15-surfactin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Ren
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Gao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanqin Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuhang Song
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyan Yu
- Shengli Oilfield Xinhai Xingda Industrial Group Co., Ltd, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujin Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangchun Hu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Lixin Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Optimization of the Nutritional Parameters for Enhanced Production of B. subtilis SPB1 Biosurfactant in Submerged Culture Using Response Surface Methodology. BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2012:795430. [PMID: 22649736 PMCID: PMC3357924 DOI: 10.1155/2012/795430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional requirements can contribute considerably to the production cost and the bioprocess economics. Media optimisation using response surface methodology is one of the used methods to ameliorate the bioprocess economics. In the present study, biosurfactant production by Bacillus subtilis SPB1 was effectively enhanced by response surface methodology. A Plackett-Burman-based statistical screening procedure was adopted to determine the most important factor affecting lipopeptide production. Eleven variables are screened and results show that glucose, K2HPO4, and urea concentrations influence the most biosurfactant production. A Central Composite Design was conducted to optimize the three selected factors. Statistical analyses of the data of model fitting were done by using NemrodW. Results show a maximum predicted biosurfactant concentration of 2.93 (±0.32) g/L when using 15 g/L glucose, 6 g/L urea, and 1 g/L K2HPO4. The predicted value is approximately 1.65 much higher than the original production determined by the conventional one-factor-at-a-time optimization method.
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Liu X, Tao X, Zou A, Yang S, Zhang L, Mu B. Effect of the microbial lipopeptide on tumor cell lines: apoptosis induced by disturbing the fatty acid composition of cell membrane. Protein Cell 2010; 1:584-94. [PMID: 21204010 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-010-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial lipopeptides play an important role in apoptosis induction of tumor cells. However, there is little knowledge about the relationship between apoptosis induction and membrane fatty acids. The present study focused on the effects of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 on Bcap-37 cell lines. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl (MTT) colorimetric assay and surface tension measurements, showed that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) was a critical level for the inhibitory activity of lipopeptides on the growth of Bcap-37 cells. Under the CMC, the order of least to greatest cytotoxicity effect on cancer cell lines by lipopeptides is C(13)-lipopeptide < C(14)-lipopepitde < C(15)-lipopeptide. Above CMC, all lipopeptides directly exert cytolytic activity. The flow cytometric analysis and Hoechst33258 staining experiments confirmed the apoptosis of Bcap-37 cell lines induced by lipopeptides in a dose-dependent manner. This apoptosis was associated with a significant decrease of the unsaturated degree of the cellular fatty acids of Bcap-37 cell lines due to the changes in the cellular fatty acids composition induced by the lipopeptide treatment. These results indicated that disturbance of the cellular fatty acid composition of breast cancer cell lines were related to in the cell apoptosis. Furthermore, significant difference in IC(50) values of tumor cells and normal cell showed that the lipopeptide exerted selective cytotoxicity on the cancer cells. Thus HSO121 lipopeptides may have potential applications as an anticancer leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Institute of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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