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Staggemeier VG, Amorim B, Bünger M, Costa IR, de Faria JEQ, Flickinger J, Giaretta A, Kubo MT, Lima DF, Dos Santos LL, Lourenço AR, Lucas E, Mazine FF, Murillo-A J, de Oliveira MIU, Parra-O C, Proença CEB, Reginato M, Rosa PO, Santos MF, Stadnik A, Tuler AC, Valdemarin KS, Vasconcelos T. Towards a species-level phylogeny for Neotropical Myrtaceae: Notes on topology and resources for future studies. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2024; 111:e16330. [PMID: 38725388 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE Increasingly complete phylogenies underpin studies in systematics, ecology, and evolution. Myrteae (Myrtaceae), with ~2700 species, is a key component of the exceptionally diverse Neotropical flora, but given its complicated taxonomy, automated assembling of molecular supermatrices from public databases often lead to unreliable topologies due to poor species identification. METHODS Here, we build a taxonomically verified molecular supermatrix of Neotropical Myrteae by assembling 3909 published and 1004 unpublished sequences from two nuclear and seven plastid molecular markers. We infer a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree that covers 712 species of Myrteae (~28% of the total diversity in the clade) and evaluate geographic and taxonomic gaps in sampling. RESULTS The tree inferred from the fully concatenated matrix mostly reflects the topology of the plastid data set and there is a moderate to strong incongruence between trees inferred from nuclear and plastid partitions. Large, species-rich genera are still the poorest sampled within the group. Eastern South America is the best-represented area in proportion to its species diversity, while Western Amazon, Mesoamerica, and the Caribbean are the least represented. CONCLUSIONS We provide a time-calibrated tree that can be more reliably used to address finer-scale eco-evolutionary questions that involve this group in the Neotropics. Gaps to be filled by future studies include improving representation of taxa and areas that remain poorly sampled, investigating causes of conflict between nuclear and plastid partitions, and the role of hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting in relationships that are poorly supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G Staggemeier
- Departamento de Ecologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59092-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Bruno Amorim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bünger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Department de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 60355-636, CE, Brazil
| | - Itayguara R Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Department de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 60355-636, CE, Brazil
| | - Jair Eustáquio Quintino de Faria
- Instituto Interamericano de Cooperação para a Agricultura - IICA - SHIS QI 5, Chácara 16, Lago Sul, Brasília, 71600-530, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonathan Flickinger
- Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, The University of Texas at Austin, 4801 La Crosse Ave., Austin, 78739, TX, USA
| | - Augusto Giaretta
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Unidade II, Dourados, 79804-970, MS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo T Kubo
- Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Duane Fernandes Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eve Lucas
- Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Fiorella Fernanda Mazine
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos (SP-264), km 110, Sorocaba, 18052-780, SP, Brazil
| | - José Murillo-A
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marla Ibrahim Uehbe de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marcelo Déda Chagas, s/n, Bairro Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, 49107-230, SE, Brazil
| | - Carlos Parra-O
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolyn E B Proença
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Reginato
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90650-001, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Oliveira Rosa
- Jardim Botânico de Brasília, Diretoria de Vegetação e Flora, Área Especial SMDB Estação Ecológica Jardim Botânico de Brasília, Brasília, 71.680-001, DF, Brazil
| | - Matheus Fortes Santos
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Alameda da Universidade s/n, Anchieta, São Bernardo do Campo, 09606-045, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Stadnik
- Instituto Interamericano de Cooperação para a Agricultura - IICA - SHIS QI 5, Chácara 16, Lago Sul, Brasília, 71600-530, DF, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Feira de Santana, 44036-900, BA, Brazil
| | - Amélia Carlos Tuler
- Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Campus Paricarana, Av. Cap. Ene Garcez, 2413, Boa Vista, 69304-000, RR, Brazil
| | - Karinne Sampaio Valdemarin
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-260, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
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Cubas Pereira D, Pupin B, de Simone Borma L. Influence of sample preparation methods on FTIR spectra for taxonomic identification of tropical trees in the Atlantic forest. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27232. [PMID: 38455590 PMCID: PMC10918226 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The Atlantic forest is one of the world's major tropical biomes due to its rich biodiversity. Its vast diversity of plant species poses challenges in floristic surveys. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) enables rapid and residue-free data collection, providing diverse applications in organic sample analysis. FTIR spectra quality depends on the sample preparation methodology. However, no research on FTIR spectroscopy methodology for taxonomy has been conducted with tropical tree species. Hence, this study addresses the sample preparation influence on FTIR spectra for the taxonomic classification of 12 tree species collected in the Serra do Mar State Park (PESM) - Cunha Nucleus - São Paulo State, Brazil. Spectra were obtained from intact fresh (FL), intact dried (DL), and heat-dried ground (GL) leaves. The spectra were evaluated through chemometrics using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) with validation by LDA-PCA. The results demonstrate that sample preparation directly influences tropical species FTIR spectra categorization capability. The best taxonomic classification result for all techniques, validated by LDA-PCA, was obtained from GL. FTIR spectra evaluation through PCA, HCA, and LDA allow for the observation of phylogenetic relationships among the species. FTIR spectroscopy proves to be a viable technique for taxonomic evaluation of tree species in floristic exploration of tropical biomes which can complement traditional tools used for taxonomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Cubas Pereira
- National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil
| | - Breno Pupin
- National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil
| | - Laura de Simone Borma
- National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil
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Santos ASD, Sansevero JBB, Conde MMS, Portela RDCQ. Monkey overabundance indirectly affects community seed rain via a disruptive interaction with a keystone palm species. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2023.103895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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4
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Valadão-Mendes LB, Rocha I, Meireles DAL, Leite FB, Sazima M, Maruyama PK, Brito VLG. Flower morphology and plant-bee pollinator interactions are related to stamen dimorphism in Melastomataceae. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:240-248. [PMID: 34741381 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 20,000 species of flowering plant offer mainly pollen to their pollinators, generally bees. Stamen dimorphism, a floral trait commonly present in some pollen flowers, is thought to be associated with exclusive pollen provision for highly effective bee pollinators. Notwithstanding, little is known about how stamen dimorphism is related to other floral morphological traits and, consequently, plant-pollinator interactions at the community scale. Here we investigated the relationship between stamen dimorphism and other floral morphological traits, as well as the interactions with pollinators in plants of Melastomataceae. We characterized each plant species as stamen dimorphic or stamen isomorphic according to differences in size and shape between stamen sets. Data on interactions between the plants and their bee pollinators were analysed as quantitative bipartite networks. We found that petal and style size and shape were correlated to stamen dimorphism. Stamen dimorphic species present larger flowers and less variable style shapes than stamen isomorphic species. Furthermore, stamen dimorphism is associated with higher richness of visiting bees, i.e. higher ecological generalization. During the evolutionary history of Melastomataceae, the dependence on pollinators for fruit set has possibly favoured the evolution of larger flowers with dimorphic stamens, which in turn are able to make use of a larger spectrum of pollen-collecting bees, leading to ecological generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Valadão-Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - I Rocha
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brasil
| | - D A L Meireles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação dos Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brasil
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
| | - F B Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - M Sazima
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - P K Maruyama
- Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - V L G Brito
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
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Effect of vertebrate exclusion on leaf litter decomposition in the coastal Atlantic forest of southeast Brazil. Trop Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-021-00189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Cruz CES, de Freitas-Silva L, Ribeiro C, da Silva LC. Physiological and morphoanatomical effects of glyphosate in Eugenia uniflora, a Brazilian plant species native to the Atlantic Forest biome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21334-21346. [PMID: 33411283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide glyphosate can cause severe ecotoxicological effects on non-target organisms. Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) is very important for in situ environmental biomonitoring due to its wide distribution in the Atlantic Forest biome. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the response of E. uniflora leaves to glyphosate. Eight-month-old plants were exposed to an aerial application of the herbicide at concentrations of 0, 144, 432, 864, and 1440 g a. e. ha-1 (grams of acid equivalent per hectare). Evaluations were performed on the 12th day after the glyphosate application (DAA). An accumulation of shikimic acid in the leaves of E. uniflora was observed. Glyphosate altered the photosynthetic parameters of the treated plants, with a drastic decrease in the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and pigment content. There was an increase in Ci/Ca, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte extravasation levels. Glyphosate also promoted ultrastructural, anatomical and visible damage to the E. uniflora leaves. Our findings indicate that glyphosate is phytotoxic to the native species E. uniflora at the tested doses. The presence of visible damage suggests that E. uniflora has remarkable potential as a bioindicator of glyphosate in the environment, making it a possible species for future biomonitoring projects.
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Ribeiro KFO, Martins VF, Wiegand T, Santos FAM. Habitat filtering drives the local distribution of congeneric species in a Brazilian white-sand flooded tropical forest. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1797-1813. [PMID: 33614004 PMCID: PMC7882942 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of ecological processes that maintain species coexistence is revealing in naturally disturbed environments such as the white-sand tropical forest, which is subject to periodic flooding that might pose strong habitat filtering to tree species. Congeneric species are a good model to investigate the relative importance of ecological processes that maintain high species diversity because they tend to exploit the same limiting resources and/or have similar tolerance limits to the same environmental conditions due to their close phylogenetic relationship. We aim to find evidence for the action and relative importance of different processes hypothesized to maintain species coexistence in a white-sand flooded forest in Brazil, taking advantage of data on the detailed spatial structure of populations of congeneric species. Individuals of three Myrcia species were tagged, mapped, and measured for diameter at soil height in a 1-ha plot. We also sampled seven environmental variables in the plot. We employed several spatial point process models to investigate the possible action of habitat filtering, interspecific competition, and dispersal limitation. Habitat filtering was the most important process driving the local distribution of the three Myrcia species, as they showed associations, albeit of different strength, to environmental variables related to flooding. We did not detect spatial patterns, such as spatial segregation and smaller size of nearby neighbors, that would be consistent with interspecific competition among the three congeneric species and other co-occurring species. Even though congeners were spatially independent, they responded to differences in the environment. Last, dispersal limitation only led to spatial associations of different size classes for one of the species. Given that white-sand flooded forests are highly threatened in Brazil, the preservation of their different habitats is of utmost importance to the maintenance of high species richness, as flooding drives the distribution of species in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly F. O. Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaInstitute of BiologyUniversity of Campinas ‐ UNICAMPCampinasBrazil
| | - Valéria F. Martins
- Department of Natural Sciences, Maths and EducationFederal University of São Carlos ‐ UFSCarArarasBrazil
- Department of Plant BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of Campinas ‐ UNICAMPCampinasBrazil
| | - Thorsten Wiegand
- Department of Ecological ModellingHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZLeipzigGermany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Flavio A. M. Santos
- Department of Plant BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of Campinas ‐ UNICAMPCampinasBrazil
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Villar N, Paz C, Zipparro V, Nazareth S, Bulascoschi L, Bakker ES, Galetti M. Frugivory underpins the nitrogen cycle. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nacho Villar
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Paz
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São Paulo Brazil
| | - Valesca Zipparro
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sergio Nazareth
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São Paulo Brazil
| | - Leticia Bulascoschi
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elisabeth S. Bakker
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Mauro Galetti
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA
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The magnitude and extent of edge effects on vascular epiphytes across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18847. [PMID: 33139836 PMCID: PMC7606527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Edge effects are ubiquitous landscape processes influencing over 70% of forest cover worldwide. However, little is known about how edge effects influence the vertical stratification of communities in forest fragments. We combined a spatially implicit and a spatially explicit approach to quantify the magnitude and extent of edge effects on canopy and understorey epiphytic plants in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Within the human-modified landscape, species richness, species abundance and community composition remained practically unchanged along the interior-edge gradient, pointing to severe biotic homogenisation at all strata. This is because the extent of edge effects reached at least 500 m, potentially leaving just 0.24% of the studied landscape unaffected by edges. We extrapolated our findings to the entire Atlantic Forest and found that just 19.4% of the total existing area is likely unaffected by edge effects and provide suitable habitat conditions for forest-dependent epiphytes. Our results suggest that the resources provided by the current forest cover might be insufficient to support the future of epiphyte communities. Preserving large continuous ‘intact’ forests is probably the only effective conservation strategy for vascular epiphytes.
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Harrison MLK, Banks-Leite C. Edge effects on trophic cascades in tropical rainforests. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2020; 34:977-987. [PMID: 31762059 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The cascading effects of biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning of forests have become more apparent. However, how edge effects shape these processes has yet to be established. We assessed how edge effects alter arthropod populations and the strength of any resultant trophic cascades on herbivory rate in tropical forests of Brazil. We established 7 paired forest edge and interior sites. Each site had a vertebrate-exclosure, procedural (exclosure framework with open walls), and control plot (total 42 plots). Forest patches were surrounded by pasture. Understory arthropods and leaf damage were sampled every 4 weeks for 11 months. We used path analysis to determine the strength of trophic cascades in the interior and edge sites. In forest interior exclosures, abundance of predaceous and herbivorous arthropods increased by 326% and 180%, respectively, compared with control plots, and there were significant cascading effects on herbivory. Edge-dwelling invertebrates responded weakly to exclusion and there was no evidence of trophic cascade. Our results suggest that the vertebrate community at forest edges controls invertebrate densities to a lesser extent than it does in the interior. Edge areas can support vertebrate communities with a smaller contingent of insectivores. This allows arthropods to flourish and indirectly accounts for higher levels of plant damage at these sites. Increased herbivory rates may have important consequences for floristic community composition and primary productivity, as well as cascading effects on nutrient cycling. By interspersing natural forest patches with agroforests, instead of pasture, abiotic edge effects can be softened and prevented from penetrating deep into the forest. This would ensure a greater proportion of forest remains habitable for sensitive species and could help retain ecosystem functions in edge zones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Banks-Leite
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, U.K
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Vieira LC, da Silva DKA, de Melo MAC, Escobar IEC, Oehl F, da Silva GA. Edaphic Factors Influence the Distribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Along an Altitudinal Gradient of a Tropical Mountain. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:904-913. [PMID: 30976842 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Changes in relief in montane areas, with increasing altitude, provide different biotic and abiotic conditions, acting on the species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The objective of this work was to determine the influence of altitude, edaphic factors, and vegetation on the AMF species in a mountainous area. The list of AMF species was obtained from morphological identification of the spores, with 72 species recovered from field samples and trap cultures. Lower levels of Shannon's diversity occurred only at lower altitude; however, there was no difference in AMF richness. The structure of the AMF assembly between the two highest altitudes was similar and differed in relation to the lower altitude. There was variation in the distribution of AMF species, which was related to soil texture and chemical factors along the altitude gradient. Some species, genera, and families were indicative of a certain altitude, showing the preference of fungi for certain environmental conditions, which may aid in decisions to conserve montane ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Cardoso Vieira
- Departamento de Micologia, Laboratório de Micorrizas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves s/n. Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Karla Alves da Silva
- Centro de Ciências Aplicadas e Educação, Campus IV, Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Av. Santa Elizabete s/n. CEP 56300-990, Rio Tinto, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Mayara Alice Correia de Melo
- Departamento de Micologia, Laboratório de Micorrizas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves s/n. Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Indra Elena Costa Escobar
- Departamento de Micologia, Laboratório de Micorrizas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves s/n. Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Fritz Oehl
- Agroscope, Competence Division for Plants and Plant Products, Ecotoxicology, Schloss 1, CH-8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Gladstone Alves da Silva
- Departamento de Micologia, Laboratório de Micorrizas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves s/n. Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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12
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Padgurschi MCG, Vieira SA, Stefani EJF, Nardoto GB, Joly CA. Nitrogen input by bamboos in neotropical forest: a new perspective. PeerJ 2018; 6:e6024. [PMID: 30519513 PMCID: PMC6275114 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient that controls the productivity of ecosystems and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a major source of N in terrestrial systems, particularly tropical forests. Bamboo dominates theses forests, but our knowledge regarding the role of bamboo in ecosystem functioning remains in its infancy. We investigated the importance of a native bamboo species to the N cycle of a Neotropical forest. Methods We selected 100 sample units (100 m2 each) in a pristine montane Atlantic Forest, in Brazil. We counted all the clumps and live culms of Merostachys neesii bamboo and calculated the specific and total leaf area, as well as litter production and respective N content. Potential N input was estimated based on available data on BNF rates for the same bamboo species, whose N input was then contextualized using information on N cycling components in the study area. Results With 4,000 live culms ha-1, the native bamboo may contribute up to 11.7 kg N ha-1 during summer (January to March) and 19.6 kg N ha-1 in winter (July to September). When extrapolated for annual values, M. neesii could contribute more than 60 kg N ha-1y-1. Discussion The bamboo species' contribution to N input may be due to its abundance (habitat availability for microbial colonization) and the composition of the free-living N fixer community on its leaves (demonstrated in previous studies). Although some N is lost during decomposition, this input could mitigate the N deficit in the Atlantic Forest studied by at least 27%. Our findings suggest that M. neesii closely regulates N input and may better explain the high diversity and carbon stocks in the area. This is the first time that a study has investigated BNF using free-living N fixers on the phyllosphere of bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra C G Padgurschi
- Plant Biology Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone A Vieira
- Center for Environmental Studies and Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson J F Stefani
- Plant Biology Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos A Joly
- Plant Biology Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fauset S, Freitas HC, Galbraith DR, Sullivan MJ, Aidar MP, Joly CA, Phillips OL, Vieira SA, Gloor MU. Differences in leaf thermoregulation and water use strategies between three co-occurring Atlantic forest tree species. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1618-1631. [PMID: 29603771 PMCID: PMC6032932 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Given anticipated climate changes, it is crucial to understand controls on leaf temperatures including variation between species in diverse ecosystems. In the first study of leaf energy balance in tropical montane forests, we observed current leaf temperature patterns on 3 tree species in the Atlantic forest, Brazil, over a 10-day period and assessed whether and why patterns may vary among species. We found large leaf-to-air temperature differences (maximum 18.3 °C) and high leaf temperatures (over 35 °C) despite much lower air temperatures (maximum 22 °C). Leaf-to-air temperature differences were influenced strongly by radiation, whereas leaf temperatures were also influenced by air temperature. Leaf energy balance modelling informed by our measurements showed that observed differences in leaf temperature between 2 species were due to variation in leaf width and stomatal conductance. The results suggest a trade-off between water use and leaf thermoregulation; Miconia cabussu has more conservative water use compared with Alchornea triplinervia due to lower transpiration under high vapour pressure deficit, with the consequence of higher leaf temperatures under thermal stress conditions. We highlight the importance of leaf functional traits for leaf thermoregulation and also note that the high radiation levels that occur in montane forests may exacerbate the threat from increasing air temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Fauset
- School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
| | - Helber C. Freitas
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaAv. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14‐01, BauruSão Paulo17033‐360Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcos P.M. Aidar
- Instituto de Botânica de São PauloAvenida Miguel StéfanoSão Paulo04301‐902Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Joly
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade Universitâria, CampinasSão Paulo13083‐862Brazil
| | | | - Simone A. Vieira
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas AmbientaisUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua dos Flamboyants, 155, CampinasSão Paulo13083‐867Brazil
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Martins VF, Seger GDDS, Wiegand T, Santos FAMD. Phylogeny contributes more than site characteristics and traits to the spatial distribution pattern of tropical tree populations. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Forni Martins
- Dept of Natural Sciences, Maths and Education; Centre for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Univ. of São Carlos - UFSCar campus Araras, Rodovia Anhanguera - SP 330, km 174; 13600-970 Araras SP Brazil
- Dept of Plant Biology; Inst. of Biology, Univ. of Campinas - UNICAMP; Campinas SP Brazil
| | | | - Thorsten Wiegand
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ; Dept of Ecological Modelling; Leipzig Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
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15
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Fauset S, Gloor MU, Aidar MPM, Freitas HC, Fyllas NM, Marabesi MA, Rochelle ALC, Shenkin A, Vieira SA, Joly CA. Tropical forest light regimes in a human-modified landscape. Ecosphere 2017; 8:e02002. [PMID: 29263939 PMCID: PMC5731677 DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is the key energy input for all vegetated systems. Forest light regimes are complex, with the vertical pattern of light within canopies influenced by forest structure. Human disturbances in tropical forests impact forest structure and hence may influence the light environment and thus competitiveness of different trees. In this study, we measured vertical diffuse light profiles along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance, sampling intact, logged, secondary, and fragmented sites in the biodiversity hot spot of the Atlantic forest, southeast Brazil, using photosynthetically active radiation sensors and a novel approach with estimations of vertical light profiles from hemispherical photographs. Our results show clear differences in vertical light profiles with disturbance: Fragmented forests are characterized by rapid light extinction within their low canopies, while the profiles in logged forests show high heterogeneity and high light in the mid-canopy despite decades of recovery. The secondary forest showed similar light profiles to intact forest, but with a lower canopy height. We also show that in some cases the upper canopy layer and heavy liana infestations can severely limit light penetration. Light extinction with height above the ground and depth below the canopy top was highest in fragmented forest and negatively correlated with canopy height. The novel, inexpensive, and rapid methods described here can be applied to other sites to quantify rarely measured vertical light profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Fauset
- School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Departamento de Biologia VegetalInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade UniversitâriaCampinasSao Paulo13083‐862Brazil
| | | | - Marcos P. M. Aidar
- Instituto de Botânica de São PauloAvenida Miguel StéfanoSao Paulo04301‐902Brazil
| | - Helber C. Freitas
- Departamento de FísicaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaAvenida Engenheiro Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14‐01BauruSao Paulo17033‐360Brazil
- Centro de Meteorologia – IPMet/UNESPEstrada Municipal José SandrinBauruSao Paulo17048‐699Brazil
| | - Nikolaos M. Fyllas
- School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Environmental Change InstituteSchool of Geography and the EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QYUK
| | - Mauro A. Marabesi
- Departamento de Biologia VegetalInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade UniversitâriaCampinasSao Paulo13083‐862Brazil
- Instituto de Botânica de São PauloAvenida Miguel StéfanoSao Paulo04301‐902Brazil
| | - André L. C. Rochelle
- Departamento de Biologia VegetalInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade UniversitâriaCampinasSao Paulo13083‐862Brazil
| | - Alexander Shenkin
- Environmental Change InstituteSchool of Geography and the EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QYUK
| | - Simone A. Vieira
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas AmbientaisUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua dos Flamboyants, 155CampinasSao Paulo13083‐867Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Joly
- Departamento de Biologia VegetalInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasRua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade UniversitâriaCampinasSao Paulo13083‐862Brazil
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16
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Lopes CM, Sasso T, Valentini A, Dejean T, Martins M, Zamudio KR, Haddad CFB. eDNA metabarcoding: a promising method for anuran surveys in highly diverse tropical forests. Mol Ecol Resour 2017; 17:904-914. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. Lopes
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”; Av. 24A n. 1515 Rio Claro SP 13506-900 Brazil
| | - Thais Sasso
- Departamento de Ecologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Alice Valentini
- SPYGEN; Savoie Technolac; BP 274 Le Bourget-du-Lac 73375 France
| | - Tony Dejean
- SPYGEN; Savoie Technolac; BP 274 Le Bourget-du-Lac 73375 France
| | - Marcio Martins
- Departamento de Ecologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Kelly R. Zamudio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Célio F. B. Haddad
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”; Av. 24A n. 1515 Rio Claro SP 13506-900 Brazil
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Pires RM, Gugliotta ADM. Poroid Hymenochaetaceae (Basidiomycota) from Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia, São Paulo, Brazil. RODRIGUÉSIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201667311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This survey presents the first poroid Hymenochaetaceae checklist from Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo state, Brazil, where 24 species are presented. Fulvifomes melleoporus, Fuscoporia chrysea, Fuscoporia rhabarbarina, Inonotus linteus, Inonotus portoricensis, Phellinus grenadensis, Phellinus roseocinereus and Phellinus undulatus are cited for São Paulo state for the first time, and Fulvifomes glaucescens is a new record to Brazil. Full description of the new record for Brazil, comments on the new records for São Paulo state, photos of the new records, as well as an identification key for the 24 confirmed species found in the park are presented.
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Staggemeier VG, Cazetta E, Morellato LPC. Hyperdominance in fruit production in the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest: the functional role of plants in sustaining frugivores. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G. Staggemeier
- Departamento de Ecologia; Laboratório de Ecologia Teórica e Síntese, ICB; Universidade Federal de Goiás; 74001-970 Goiânia GO Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica; Laboratório de Fenologia; Grupo de Fenologia e Dispersão de Sementes; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; CP 199 13.506-900 Rio Claro SP Brazil
| | - Eliana Cazetta
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16 CEP 45662-900 Ilhéus BA Brazil
| | - Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira Morellato
- Departamento de Botânica; Laboratório de Fenologia; Grupo de Fenologia e Dispersão de Sementes; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; CP 199 13.506-900 Rio Claro SP Brazil
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Rigonato J, Gonçalves N, Andreote APD, Lambais MR, Fiore MF. Estimating genetic structure and diversity of cyanobacterial communities in Atlantic forest phyllosphere. Can J Microbiol 2016; 62:953-960. [PMID: 27696898 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial communities on the phyllosphere of 4 plant species inhabiting the endangered Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome were evaluated using cultivation-independent molecular approaches. Total genomic DNA was extracted from cells detached from the surface of leaves of Euterpe edulis, Guapira opposita, Garcinia gardneriana, and Merostachys neesii sampled in 2 Brazilian Atlantic Forest locations along an elevational gradient, i.e., lowland and montane forest. The DNA fingerprinting method PCR-DGGE revealed that the cyanobacterial phyllosphere community structures were mainly influenced by the plant species; geographical location of the plant had little effect. The 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained by clone libraries showed a predominance of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria of the order Nostocales, even though the majority of retrieved operational taxonomic units (∼60% of the sequences) showed similarity only to uncultured cyanobacteria phylotypes. The leaf surface of Guapira opposita had the highest richness and diversity of cyanobacteria, whereas the M. neesii (bamboo) had the largest number of copies of cyanobacterial 16S rRNA gene per cm2 of leaf. This study investigated cyanobacteria diversity and its distribution pattern in Atlantic forest phyllosphere. The results indicated that plant species is the main driver of cyanobacteria community assemblage in the phyllosphere and that these communities are made up of a high diversity of cyanobacterial taxa that need to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Rigonato
- a University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, CENA/USP, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Gonçalves
- a University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, CENA/USP, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dini Andreote
- a University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, CENA/USP, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marli Fátima Fiore
- a University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, CENA/USP, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
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20
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Dark septate endophytic fungi of native plants along an altitudinal gradient in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. FUNGAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Leitold V, Keller M, Morton DC, Cook BD, Shimabukuro YE. Airborne lidar-based estimates of tropical forest structure in complex terrain: opportunities and trade-offs for REDD+. CARBON BALANCE AND MANAGEMENT 2015; 10:3. [PMID: 25685178 PMCID: PMC4320300 DOI: 10.1186/s13021-015-0013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon stocks and fluxes in tropical forests remain large sources of uncertainty in the global carbon budget. Airborne lidar remote sensing is a powerful tool for estimating aboveground biomass, provided that lidar measurements penetrate dense forest vegetation to generate accurate estimates of surface topography and canopy heights. Tropical forest areas with complex topography present a challenge for lidar remote sensing. RESULTS We compared digital terrain models (DTM) derived from airborne lidar data from a mountainous region of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil to 35 ground control points measured with survey grade GNSS receivers. The terrain model generated from full-density (~20 returns m-2) data was highly accurate (mean signed error of 0.19 ± 0.97 m), while those derived from reduced-density datasets (8 m-2, 4 m-2, 2 m-2 and 1 m-2) were increasingly less accurate. Canopy heights calculated from reduced-density lidar data declined as data density decreased due to the inability to accurately model the terrain surface. For lidar return densities below 4 m-2, the bias in height estimates translated into errors of 80-125 Mg ha-1 in predicted aboveground biomass. CONCLUSIONS Given the growing emphasis on the use of airborne lidar for forest management, carbon monitoring, and conservation efforts, the results of this study highlight the importance of careful survey planning and consistent sampling for accurate quantification of aboveground biomass stocks and dynamics. Approaches that rely primarily on canopy height to estimate aboveground biomass are sensitive to DTM errors from variability in lidar sampling density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Leitold
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP CEP 12201-970 Brazil
- Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - Michael Keller
- International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, San Juan, 00926 Puerto Rico
- EMBRAPA Satellite Monitoring, Campinas, SP CEP 13070-115 Brazil
| | - Douglas C Morton
- Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - Bruce D Cook
- Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - Yosio E Shimabukuro
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP CEP 12201-970 Brazil
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Reis TS, Ciampi-Guillardi M, Bajay MM, de Souza AP, Dos Santos FAM. Elevation as a barrier: genetic structure for an Atlantic rain forest tree (Bathysa australis) in the Serra do Mar mountain range, SE Brazil. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:1919-31. [PMID: 26140207 PMCID: PMC4485972 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Distance and discrete geographic barriers play a role in isolating populations, as seed and pollen dispersal become limited. Nearby populations without any geographic barrier between them may also suffer from ecological isolation driven by habitat heterogeneity, which may promote divergence by local adaptation and drift. Likewise, elevation gradients may influence the genetic structure and diversity of populations, particularly those marginally distributed. Bathysa australis (Rubiaceae) is a widespread tree along the elevation gradient of the Serra do Mar, SE Brazil. This self-compatible species is pollinated by bees and wasps and has autochoric seeds, suggesting restricted gene dispersal. We investigated the distribution of genetic diversity in six B. australis populations at two extreme sites along an elevation gradient: a lowland site (80–216 m) and an upland site (1010–1100 m.a.s.l.). Nine microsatellite loci were used to test for genetic structure and to verify differences in genetic diversity between sites. We found a marked genetic structure on a scale as small as 6 km (FST = 0.21), and two distinct clusters were identified, each corresponding to a site. Although B. australis is continuously distributed along the elevation gradient, we have not observed a gene flow between the extreme populations. This might be related to B. australis biological features and creates a potential scenario for adaptation to the different conditions imposed by the elevation gradient. We failed to find an isolation-by-distance pattern; although on the fine scale, all populations showed spatial autocorrelation until ∼10-20 m. Elevation difference was a relevant factor though, but we need further sampling effort to check its correlation with genetic distance. The lowland populations had a higher allelic richness and showed higher rare allele counts than the upland ones. The upland site may be more selective, eliminating rare alleles, as we did not find any evidence for bottleneck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Soares Reis
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP CP 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maísa Ciampi-Guillardi
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP CP 6010, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Miklos Maximiliano Bajay
- Departamento de Genética, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo - USP 12418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Anete Pereira de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP CP 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil ; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP CP 6010, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavio Antonio Maës Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP CP 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Nectar robbery by a hermit hummingbird: association to floral phenotype and its influence on flowers and network structure. Oecologia 2015; 178:783-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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