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Gou M, Li L, Wang X, Yuan P, Li S, Wei Y, Zhou G. Risk Perception and Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms in the Early Stage of COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Role of Negative Emotions and Family Sense of Coherence. Matern Child Health J 2024:10.1007/s10995-024-03964-w. [PMID: 38856799 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-024-03964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal depression is associated with adverse health outcomes for both mothers and their children. The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has presented new risks and challenges for expectant mothers. The aims of the study were to investigate the underlying mechanism between COVID-19 risk perception of Chinese pregnant women and their prenatal depressive symptoms and potential protective factors such as family sense of coherence (FSOC). METHOD A total of 181 Chinese pregnant women (Mage = 31.40 years, SD = 3.67, ranged from 23 to 43) participated in an online survey from April 22 to May 16, 2020. Risk perception and negative emotions (fear and anxiety) related with COVID-19, FSOC, and prenatal depressive symptoms were assessed. RESULTS The experience of maternal COVID-19 related negative emotion fully mediated the positive relationship between COVID-19 risk perception and prenatal depressive symptoms of pregnant women (β = 0.12, 95% CI [0.06, 0.19]). When confronting COVID-19 related fear and anxiety, expectant mothers from higher coherent families experienced a significantly lower level of prenatal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Contextual negative emotional experience was demonstrated to explain how risk perception impacts depressive symptoms during severe public health crisis for pregnant women. FSOC may be a psychological resource protecting pregnant women from experiencing adverse psychological outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Gou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luyao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Pengbo Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Hua yuan north Road, Hai Dian district, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangyu Zhou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Zayoud D, Haddad C, Khachman D, Ajrouche R, Lahoud N. Estimating COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant and lactating women: a cross-sectional study in Lebanon. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:38. [PMID: 38500217 PMCID: PMC10949662 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic highlights vaccination's critical role in reducing morbidity and mortality, depending on public attitude. This study aims to identify the estimates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant and lactating women, as well as associated potential factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2021, through an online survey and with a paper survey distributed in gynecology and pediatric clinics. Pregnant and breastfeeding women aged 18 years and above were recruited. The attitude scale was created specifically for evaluating attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS In total, 207 women participated, with 132 breastfeeding, 74 pregnant and 1 experiencing both conditions. Of these, one hundred and twenty women (58%) considered themselves at risk for COVID-19 infection. In addition, 51.7% (n = 107) of women expressed the intent to receive the vaccine once available. A multivariable linear regression was conducted taking the COVID-19 vaccination attitude scale as a dependent variable. The results revealed an R-squared value of 0.558, indicating that approximately 55.8% of the variance in the attitude scale was accounted for by the included predictors. The results showed that preventive measures (ß=2.25, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [1.02; 3.48], p < 0.001), preference for vaccines made in Europe and America (ß=1.23; 95% CI [0.69-1.77], p < 0.001), protect yourself for getting sick (ß=4.22, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [2.83; 5.61], p < 0.001) and belief in the importance of vaccination for themselves and their baby (ß=3.49; 95% CI [2.01; 4.98], p < 0.001) were associated with a positive attitude towards vaccination. Conversely, experiencing a previous bad reaction to a vaccine (ß= -1.35; 95% CI [0.85-1.85], p < 0.001) and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety (ß= -4.09; 95% CI [-5.98; -2.21], p < 0.001) were associated with a negative attitude towards vaccination. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among pregnant and breastfeeding women, amidst the pandemic was insufficient to meet community immunity. The identified reasons for vaccine reluctance, notably concerns about safety for both personal health and the health of their pregnancy or newborns, along with insufficient information about the vaccine, underscore the pressing need to address these factors to improve immunization rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Zayoud
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
| | - Dalia Khachman
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roula Ajrouche
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Sciences and Arts in Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie Lahoud
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
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Abdelmola A, Albasheer O, Kariri AA, Akkam FM, Hakami RA, Essa SA, Jali FM. Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease- 2019 Among Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia; a Retrospective Study. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:475-490. [PMID: 38501054 PMCID: PMC10946403 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s445950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy-related coronavirus disease 2019 infection ranges from asymptomatic to very serious illness. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 infection on pregnant women in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Methods Retrospective observational study of women who had COVID-19 positive test in pregnancy admitted in King Fahd Hospital, Abu Arish General Hospital, and Sabya General Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia during the period between March 2020 and March 2022. Data were extracted from the patient's records. Frequency and percentage distributions were calculated for categorical variables. Descriptive studies and regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between selected variables and pregnancy outcomes. Results Of the 33 pregnant women with confirmed infection, the majority were in their second and third trimester, with approximately 42.4% requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission and oxygen therapy. The most prevalent symptoms were high respiratory rate and low blood pressure, often accompanied by fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Live births resulted in 54.5% of the cases, while two maternal deaths were reported. Significant associations were found between the need for non-invasive ventilation and timing of infection (p = 0.026), the mode of delivery and timing of infection (p = 0.036), and the mode of delivery and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.007). Conclusion COVID-19 poses significant risks to pregnant women, particularly in the third trimester, and emphasized the importance of early identification of high-risk pregnancies, strategic planning, and enhanced monitoring during antenatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Abdelmola
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Albasheer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atyaf A Kariri
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Shahd A Essa
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawziah M Jali
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Cherinet A, Zemedkun A, Wudineh A, Molla W, Sisay D, Negassa B, Mebratu A, Gossaye A, Melaku G, Madoro D. Lesson Learned During a Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study of Pregnant Women's Experience in Resource-Limited Setting. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:325-337. [PMID: 38284117 PMCID: PMC10821727 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s448376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pandemics like COVID-19 has strained healthcare systems globally, particularly in resource-limited settings where pre-existing healthcare gaps and constraints amplify the challenges faced by pregnant women. Having this lesson on pregnant women's experiences during COVID-19 offers invaluable insights into potential strategies and interventions needed to mitigate the impact of similar outbreaks in the future. Therefore, this phenomenological study aimed to uncover the experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dilla town, Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia. Method and Materials A descriptive phenomenological design was employed at Dilla University teaching hospital. A Purposive sampling technique was used and point of data saturation was declared at participant 16th. An in-depth interview was conducted in a private room after they received antenatal care services. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analysed using the open code software version 4.03. The interviews were transcribed verbatim to provide tick descriptions of data. Thematic analysis was employed using an inductive approach. Direct quotes from participants were included without any grammar editing to preserve their intended meaning. Results Our study found five predominant themes: mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, health impact of COVID-19, concerns over the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 influence on social engagements, and challenge on getting reliable information. Conclusion and Recommendation This study identified that pregnant women experienced various challenges during the pandemic which includes psychological problems, health impact of COVID-19, economic problems, lack of reliable information and limited social support. Hence, implementing a customized approach by integrating psychosocial interventions with prenatal care services and conducting intensive health education sessions and economic empowerment are beneficial as mitigation strategies to better prepare for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneleay Cherinet
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Abebayehu Zemedkun
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Aregahegn Wudineh
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwosen Molla
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Sisay
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Belay Negassa
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Andualem Mebratu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Aschalew Gossaye
- Departments of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Melaku
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Derebe Madoro
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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Shakibfar S, Zhao J, Li H, Nordeng H, Lupattelli A, Pavlovic M, Sandve GK, Nyberg F, Wettermark B, Hajiebrahimi M, Andersen M, Sessa M. Machine learning-driven development of a disease risk score for COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality: a Swedish and Norwegian register-based study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1258840. [PMID: 38146473 PMCID: PMC10749372 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1258840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To develop a disease risk score for COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality in Sweden and externally validate it in Norway. Method We employed linked data from the national health registries of Sweden and Norway to conduct our study. We focused on individuals in Sweden with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection through RT-PCR testing up to August 2022 as our study cohort. Within this group, we identified hospitalized cases as those who were admitted to the hospital within 14 days of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and matched them with five controls from the same cohort who were not hospitalized due to SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we identified individuals who died within 30 days after being hospitalized for COVID-19. To develop our disease risk scores, we considered various factors, including demographics, infectious, somatic, and mental health conditions, recorded diagnoses, and pharmacological treatments. We also conducted age-specific analyses and assessed model performance through 5-fold cross-validation. Finally, we performed external validation using data from the Norwegian population with COVID-19 up to December 2021. Results During the study period, a total of 124,560 individuals in Sweden were hospitalized, and 15,877 individuals died within 30 days following COVID-19 hospitalization. Disease risk scores for both hospitalization and mortality demonstrated predictive capabilities with ROC-AUC values of 0.70 and 0.72, respectively, across the entire study period. Notably, these scores exhibited a positive correlation with the likelihood of hospitalization or death. In the external validation using data from the Norwegian COVID-19 population (consisting of 53,744 individuals), the disease risk score predicted hospitalization with an AUC of 0.47 and death with an AUC of 0.74. Conclusion The disease risk score showed moderately good performance to predict COVID-19-related mortality but performed poorly in predicting hospitalization when externally validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Shakibfar
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Pharmacovigilance Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Drug Safety Group, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- UiO: RealArt Convergence Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huiqi Li
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hedvig Nordeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- UiO: RealArt Convergence Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Angela Lupattelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- UiO: RealArt Convergence Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milena Pavlovic
- UiO: RealArt Convergence Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Kjetil Sandve
- UiO: RealArt Convergence Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Nyberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Wettermark
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Social Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Morten Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Pharmacovigilance Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maurizio Sessa
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Drug Safety Group, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abubakar A, Yusuf F, Firdausa S, Maghfirah D, Gunawan A, Yeni CM, Sari F. Co-incidence of COVID-19 and hepatocellular carcinoma during pregnancy: Double punches to disease severity and mortality? NARRA J 2023; 3:e264. [PMID: 38455627 PMCID: PMC10919738 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a considerable leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, is the most common primary liver cancer with poor prognosis and outcome. Many advances in prevention, screening, and new technologies in diagnostics and therapy have been achieved, but its incidence and mortality remain increasing. Co-infection of another viral disease in HCC patients with pregnancy might exacerbate the condition and double the mortality rate. The aim of this case report was to describe the co-infection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in an HCC patient during pregnancy. A 26-year-old woman with 16-17 weeks of gestation was admitted to Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia with shortness of breath. The patient also reported that the abdomen expanded rapidly in the last three weeks, followed by severe pain and collateral vein appearance. Laboratory findings revealed anemia, leukocytosis, HBsAg reactive, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia, elevated liver enzymes, increased alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125). Ultrasonography indicated gestation with a single fetus, an enlarged liver with a 9.9 × 9.4 cm nodule, and massive ascites. The patient was also RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19. On day 8 of hospitalization, the patient suddenly reported severe abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed fetal distress immediately followed by fetal death. Adequate management of cancer pain, continuous evacuation of ascites, and other supportive care could not save the patient who died on the day 17 of hospitalization. In this case, we found no proof that the patient experienced cirrhosis prior to HCC. Pregnancy through hormonal alteration is thought to be the aggravating factor that accelerates the progression of pre-existing liver disease into carcinoma and infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) worsened the outcome in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzaki Abubakar
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fauzi Yusuf
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Sarah Firdausa
- Division of Endocrine, Metabolic, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Endocrine, Metabolic, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Desi Maghfirah
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Andrie Gunawan
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Cut M. Yeni
- Division of Feto-Maternal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Feto-Maternal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fitrah Sari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Alabi QK, Oyedeji AS, Kayode OO, Kajewole-Alabi DI. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mother and child health in Sub-Saharan Africa - a review. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1278-1283. [PMID: 37202529 PMCID: PMC10193350 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a decrease in the maternal mortality rate in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by 38%. This corresponds to a decline of 2.9% on average each year. In spite of this reduction, it falls short of the 6.4% annual rate required to reach the global Sustainable Development Goal of 70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. This study reviewed the impact of COVID-19 on maternal and child health. Due to the major challenge of the health systems and lack of strategies in preparation for emergencies, several studies have reported significant impacts of COVID-19 on women and children in SSA. Global estimates of the indirect impacts of COVID-19 suggested a 38.6% increase in maternal mortality and a 44.7% increase in child mortality per month across 118 low- and middle-income countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened the continuity of essential mother-to-child healthcare service delivery in SSA. It is important for health systems to address these challenges as lessons learnt for future health crises and to develop adequate response policies and programs for emerging diseases of public health importance. IMPACTS: This literature review will provide in-depth insight into the impact of COVID-19 on maternal and child health, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings of this literature review suggest to the concerned health systems the need to prioritize women's antennal care for the safety of the baby. The findings of this literature review will aid the basis for intervention in maternal and child health and reproductive health in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quadri Kunle Alabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Ayobami Susannah Oyedeji
- Department of Public Health, College of Basic Health Sciences, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Colamatteo A, Fusco C, Micillo T, D'Hooghe T, de Candia P, Alviggi C, Longobardi S, Matarese G. Immunobiology of pregnancy: from basic science to translational medicine. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:711-725. [PMID: 37331882 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Embryo implantation failure and spontaneous abortions represent the main causes of infertility in developed countries. Unfortunately, incomplete knowledge of the multiple factors involved in implantation and fetal development keeps the success rate of medically assisted procreation techniques relatively low. According to recent literature, cellular and molecular mechanisms of 'immunogenic tolerance' towards the embryo are crucial to establish an 'anti-inflammatory' state permissive of a healthy pregnancy. In this review we dissect the role played by the immune system in the endometrial-embryo crosstalk, with a particular emphasis towards the fork-head-box-p3 (Foxp3+) CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and discuss the most recent therapeutic advances in the context of early immune-mediated pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Colamatteo
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Clorinda Fusco
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Micillo
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Thomas D'Hooghe
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany; Research Group Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ Systems, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paola de Candia
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy.
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9
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Charuta A, Smuniewska M, Woźniak Z, Paziewska A. Effect of COVID-19 on Pregnancy and Neonate's Vital Parameters: A Systematic Review. J Pregnancy 2023; 2023:3015072. [PMID: 37215313 PMCID: PMC10199793 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3015072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a new pandemic, which was declared by the World Health Organization in 2019 as a threat to public health. According to numerous reports, it can have negative consequences for pregnant women, labour, and neonates born to infected mothers. The aim of this paper was to gather the evidence and to present a summary of the results of studies concerning COVID-19 in pregnant women and their neonates. Methods Articles from prestigious journals covering the period from 2020 to February 2023, relevant review papers, and original research articles from PubMed were analysed. In order to analyse the available research literature, the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used, in which the search for articles was conducted using terms ("pregnancy," "coronavirus," "SARS-CoV-2," and "newborn") and using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines for clinical trials. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews (2022-2023) on symptoms, neonatal course, and risk of COVID-19 infection have been summarized. Summary of meta-analyses and systematic reviews (2022-2023) on the effect and adverse reaction of the COVID-19 vaccination is presented. Results As a result of the research conducted, it was confirmed that in most pregnant women, no serious signs of the infection were observed, although isolated cases of death related to COVID-19 in pregnant women were reported. Several authors called attention to the more severe course of the infection in pregnant women with obesity. It seemed that no vertical transmission from mother to child was occurring. Nevertheless, the information was not clinching. The condition of the neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 was in most cases described as normal; however, some papers reported deaths of infected neonates. Conclusions Due to insufficient data, further research is necessary. Further studies and follow-up are recommended, which would make possible an assessment of remote effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and vital parameters of the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Charuta
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Poland
| | - Monika Smuniewska
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Mazowiecki Provincial Hospital in Siedlce Named after Saint John Paul II in Siedlce, Poland
| | - Zofia Woźniak
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Independent Public Health Care Center in Sokołów Podlaski, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Poland
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10
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Pecks U, Agel L, Doubek KJ, Hagenbeck C, Jennewein L, von Kaisenberg C, Kranke P, Leitner S, Mand N, Rüdiger M, Zöllkau J, Mingers N, Sitter M, Louwen F. SARS-CoV-2 in Pregnancy, Birth and Puerperium. Guideline of the DGGG und DGPM (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/092, March 2022). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/a-2003-5983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective This S2k guideline of the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG) and the German Society of Perinatal Medicine (DGPM) contains consensus-based recommendations for the care and treatment of pregnant women, parturient women, women who have recently given birth, and breastfeeding women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and their newborn infants. The aim of the guideline is to provide recommendations for action in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic for professionals caring for the above-listed groups of people.
Methods The PICO format was used to develop specific questions. A systematic targeted search of the literature was carried out using PubMed, and previously formulated statements and recommendations issued by the DGGG and the DGPM were used to summarize the evidence. This guideline also drew on research data from the CRONOS registry. As the data basis was insufficient for a purely evidence-based guideline, the guideline was compiled using an S2k-level consensus-based process. After summarizing and presenting the available data, the guideline authors drafted recommendations in response to the formulated PICO questions, which were then discussed and voted on.
Recommendations Recommendations on hygiene measures, prevention measures and care during pregnancy, delivery, the puerperium and while breastfeeding were prepared. They also included aspects relating to the monitoring of mother and child during and after infection with COVID-19, indications for thrombosis prophylaxis, caring for women with COVID-19 while they are giving birth, the presence of birth companions, postnatal care, and testing and monitoring the neonate during rooming-in or on the pediatric ward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Pecks
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lena Agel
- Technische Hochschule Aschaffenburg, Hebammenkunde, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Hagenbeck
- Geburtshilfe und Perinatalmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lukas Jennewein
- Geburtshilfe und Pränatalmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Pränatalmedizin und Geburtshilfe im Perinatalzentrum, Universitätsklinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Kranke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Leitner
- Bundesverband „Das frühgeborene Kind“ e. V., Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nadine Mand
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mario Rüdiger
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Fachbereich Neonatologie und pädiatrische Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät der TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Janine Zöllkau
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nina Mingers
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Magdalena Sitter
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Geburtshilfe und Pränatalmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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11
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Boychuk AV, Yakymchuk YB, Shevchuk OО, Vari SG, Nikitina IM. PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19 AND PLACENTA ANGIOGENESIS. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2023; 51:441-447. [PMID: 38069843 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202305101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim of our research was to conduct a clinical and laboratory analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy and the condition of the fetus. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: At the first stage, we conducted a retrospective examination of 50 pregnant women treated at Ternopil Municipal Hospital No.2 (Ukraine) between November 2020 and January 2022 with the history of COVID-19, confirmed by PCR test, and 25 pregnant COVID-19 negative pregnant women (control group). At the second stage, we performed prospective cohort study and involved 40 pregnant women treated with the history of COVID-19, confirmed by PCR, and 10 pregnant COVID-19 negative women with a physiological course of pregnancy as a control group.Women were divided into the following groups: group I -10 women diagnosed with COVID-19 during the first trimester of pregnancy: group II-15 women diagnosed during the second trimester; group III-15 women diagnosed during the third trimester. Ultrasound examination and cardiotocograms were performed to assess fetus status. Blood samples were collected at delivery. To determine whether COVID-19 could alter placental angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), PlGF and interleuin-32-α were assessed. RESULTS Results: We identified that concentration of VEGFA was 95.30±5.65 pg/ml in control group. In women who had COVID-19 in first trimester, this index was 1.3 times higher, in second trimester 1.63 times higher and in third trimester by 2 times compared to control group. PlGF concentration was only 27,4 percent in group I, 16 percent in group II and 30 percent in group III,compared to control group. Concentration of interleuin-32-α was 67.27±5.63 pg/ml in control group and increased to 167 percent in group I, by 2.8 times in group II and by 6.3 times in group III compared to control group. CONCLUSION Conclusions: COVID-19 has a negative impact on placental angiogenesis, including VEGFA and PlGF. Fetal post-COVID-19 syndrome requires timely diagnosis of disorders and further study. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is an immune-dependent pathology in which the processes of protracted cytokine activation occur in the body of a pregnant woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla V Boychuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | | | - Oksana О Shevchuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Sandor G Vari
- INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN MEDICINE PROGRAM, CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER, LOS ANGELES, CA, USA
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12
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Ahmadi S, Kazemi-Karyani A, Badiee N, Byford S, Mohammadi A, Piroozi B, Rezaei S. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for nine diseases in Iran: insight from an interrupted time series analysis. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2022; 20:58. [PMID: 36319966 PMCID: PMC9628075 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-022-00394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between the COVID-19 pandemic and hospitalizations have not been studied Iran. This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for nine categories of disease in seven public hospitals in Kermsnahah city, the capital of Kermsnahah province, in the west of Iran. METHODS Data on monthly hospitalization rates (number of hospitalizations per 100,000 population) were collected for nine categories of disease for a period of 40 months (23 months before and 17 months after the COVID-19 outbreak in Iran) from the health information systems of all seven public hospitals in Kermanshah city. Categories of disease included those related to pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium period, neoplasms, diseases of the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, genitourinary and nervous systems, mental and behavioural disorders, and infectious and parasitic diseases. Population data were extracted from the Statistics Centre of Iran. An interrupted time series analysis with segmented regression was used to examine the impact of COVID-19 on hospital admissions. FINDINGS Average monthly hospitalization rates fell for all nine categories of disease included in the study after the onset of the pandemic, with overall rates of 85.5 per 100,000 population in the period before the COVID-19 outbreak and 50.4 per 100,000 population after the outbreak began. The relative reduction in hospitalizations for the nine diseases was 56.4%. Regression analysis of monthly data indicated a sharp decrease in hospitalisations during the first month after the COVID-19 outbreak, which was statistically significant for all diseases (p < 0.001). After the initial reduction following onset of the pandemic, significant increases were observed for some diseases, including neoplasms (increase of 3.17 per 100,000 population; p < 0.001), diseases of the digestive system (increase of 1.17 per 100,000 population; p < 0.001) and diseases related to pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium period (increase of 1.73 per 100,000 population). For other categories of disease, rates significantly declined, including infectious and parasitic diseases (decrease of 2.46 per 100,000 population; p < 0.001). Hospitalization rates did not increase to pre-pandemic levels for any disease, with the exception of those related to pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium period. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significantly negative effect on hospitalizations in Iran. Although use of hospital care has gradually increased post-outbreak, it has yet to return to normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Ahmadi
- grid.472458.80000 0004 0612 774XSocial Welfare Management Research Center, Department of Social Welfare Managment, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kazemi-Karyani
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasim Badiee
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Byford
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Health Service & Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Health Information Technology, Paramedical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bakhtiar Piroozi
- grid.484406.a0000 0004 0417 6812Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Satar Rezaei
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Zúniga-Briceño AI, Erazo-Fino LE, Burgos-Zúniga CC. Resultado materno perinatal de las gestantes con infección confirmada por COVID-19, hospital Santa Teresa, Comayagua, Honduras. Serie de casos. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE OBSTETRICIA Y GINECOLOGÍA 2022; 73:175-183. [PMID: 35939414 PMCID: PMC9395197 DOI: 10.18597/rcog.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objetivos: Describir el resultado materno y perinatal de las gestantes con infección confirmada por COVID-19 en una institución hospitalaria en Comayagua, Honduras. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo tipo serie de casos. Se incluyeron gestantes sintomáticas que consultaron o fueron remitidas desde el 1 de marzo de 2020 hasta el 31 de marzo del 2021 a una institución pública de referencia, con diagnóstico confirmado por PCR de infección por COVID-19. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas, severidad de la infección, estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones maternas y perinatales. Se estimó la frecuencia de infección por COVID-19 y los resultados maternos y perinatales de estas gestaciones; se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados: En el periodo descrito consultaron 2.258 gestantes, de estas se incluyeron 23, quienes cumplieron con los criterios de selección, para una frecuencia de infección por COVID-19 del 1,01 %. La población de estudio se caracterizó por estar constituida por mujeres jóvenes y en unión libre. Trece pacientes recibieron manejo ambulatorio por cuadro clínico leve, diez requirieron hospitalización. Las embarazadas manejadas ambulatoriamente finalizaron la gestación vía cesárea (76,9 %) por estado fetal insaisfactorio, con edad gestacional mayor o igual a 37 semanas, y tres casos fueron pretérmino (36 semanas). De las gestantes hospitalizadas, una desarrolló aborto espontáneo, y nueve finalizaron la gestación por una indicación obstétrica. Se presentó un parto prematuro y se documentó una muerte materna (4 %) y neonatal. Conclusiones: El 1 % de las gestantes adquirieron la infección por COVID-19 en el Hospital Santa Teresa de Comayagua en el perido de estudio. Se requieren más estudios que analicen el impacto materno perinatal de la infección por COVID-19 en la región centroamericana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luz Enid Erazo-Fino
- Médico de Guardia Unidad de Labor y Partos, Hospital Santa Teresa, Comayagua (Honduras).
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14
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Resta L, Vimercati A, Cazzato G, Fanelli M, Scarcella SV, Ingravallo G, Colagrande A, Sablone S, Stolfa M, Arezzo F, Lettini T, Rossi R. SARS-CoV-2, Placental Histopathology, Gravity of Infection and Immunopathology: Is There an Association? Viruses 2022; 14:v14061330. [PMID: 35746801 PMCID: PMC9227044 DOI: 10.3390/v14061330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: As the pandemic months progress, more and more evidence shows that the placenta acts as a “barrier” to SARS-CoV-2, although rare cases of vertical transmission have been described. (2) Methods: In an attempt to investigate whether the symptoms’ severity was related to different placental histological characteristics and the immune microenvironment, we subdivided 29 placentas from 29 mothers positive for SARS-CoV-2 into two groups, depending on the symptomatology (moderate/severe vs. asymptomatic/mild), performing immunohistochemical investigations for CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, as well as for CD68 + macrophage. We also evaluated the immuno-expression of the ACE2 receptor at the placental level. These two groups were compared to a control group of 28 placentas from 28 SARS-CoV-2-negative healthy mothers. (3) Results: The symptoms (likely to be related to viremia) were statistically significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with histopathological changes, such as maternal malperfusion, decidual arteriopathy, blood vessel thrombus of fetal relevance. Furthermore, the immuno-expression of ACE2 was significantly lower in SARS-CoV-2-positive groups vs. control group (p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: There is still much to study and discover regarding the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and histological changes in placentas and how the latter might contribute to various neonatal clinical outcomes, such as prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Resta
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Antonella Vimercati
- Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.V.); (F.A.)
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-34-0520-3641
| | - Margherita Fanelli
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Sara Vincenza Scarcella
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Anna Colagrande
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Sara Sablone
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Bari Policlinico Hospital, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Mary Stolfa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Francesca Arezzo
- Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.V.); (F.A.)
| | - Teresa Lettini
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (M.F.); (S.V.S.); (G.I.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (T.L.); (R.R.)
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15
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Evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, fetus and newborn, and treatment management. North Clin Istanb 2022; 9:30-34. [PMID: 35340311 PMCID: PMC8889216 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2021.45577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in many systems, including the immune system. In line with our experience in the previous years, COVID-19 infections have negative effects on pregnancy. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, fetus and newborn, and treatment management. Methods: In our study, 63 patients followed up between April 1, 2020 and April 1, 2021, were evaluated. Demographic data, symptoms, laboratory data, treatments, clinical course and delivery characteristics of the patients, as well as pathologies in the fetus and newborn were investigated retrospectively. The obtained data were statistically analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: In this study, 63 pregnant COVID-19 patients aged 19–37 years were included in the study. Fifty of the patients had symptoms of COVID-19 at the time of admission. At the time of admission, 13 patients required oxygen, and ten of these patients had severe radiological involvement. Seven patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, and three of them required invasive mechanical ventilation and deceased afterward. All newborns were found negative for the COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test. Low birth weight has been detected in eight newborns and low Apgar score in 2 of them. Respiratory distress was observed in four newborns and they were discharged from intensive. Conclusion: Pregnant women have more disadvantages in the course of COVID-19 and have worse maternal outcomes. In addition, treatments such as Lopinavir/Ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine did not have any effect. These patients should be carefully evaluated and followed up.
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16
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Almaghrabi R, Shaiba LA, Babic I, Abdelbaky M, Aljuhani SI, Omer M, Abdelmaksoud HA, Abdulghani S, Hadid A, Arafah MA, Omar Ali NM, Alamir A, Alateah S, Salem HAB, Alrumaihi AM, Bukhari M, Aljubab R, AlSaud N, Alhetheel AF, Somily AM, Albarrag AM, Alahdal HM, Sonbol H, Alnemri A, Alzamil F. Possible vertical transmission of corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) from infected pregnant mothers to neonates: a multicenter study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:9558-9567. [PMID: 35282749 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2047926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious with various possible routes of transmission, resulting in high mortality globally. Controversy exists regarding the vertical transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 infection to fetuses of COVID-19-infected women. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19-infected mothers to their neonates. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prospectively collected demographical and clinical characteristics of 31 COVID-19 positive pregnant women and their neonates. All mothers and neonates were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection using the real-time polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swabs and breast milk samples. Antenatal and placental abnormalities were ultrasonically and histopathologically examined. In cord blood samples, the immunoglobins (Ig) M and IgG were estimated qualitatively. RESULTS The women's mean age and gestational age were 31 years and 38 weeks, respectively, with 58% undergoing an elective cesarean section. Gestational diabetes was reported in 29% of cases, 64.5% of women were medically free and only 16.12% were symptomatic. A normal antenatal ultrasound was observed in 77.42% of cases. Nine cord blood samples were positive for IgG. Villous infarction (24%), villous agglutination, and chorangiosis (51%), accelerated villous maturation (21%) and reduced and hypercoiling were reported for 6.97% of the umbilical cords. Three newborns had possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection, of which, two were preterm and IUFD. The third neonate was born full-term, admitted to NICU and later discharged in good health. CONCLUSION Our findings support the possibility of the direct vertical transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 infection to neonates from infected mothers. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to validate the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Almaghrabi
- Pediatric Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lana A Shaiba
- Pediatric Department, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inas Babic
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Abdelbaky
- Registrar Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Ibrahim Aljuhani
- Consultant of Obstetrics and Gynecologist, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Omer
- Registrar Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sahar Abdulghani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Khalid University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Hadid
- Pediatric Department, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria A Arafah
- Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagoud Mohamed Omar Ali
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alamir
- Clinical Scientist, Molecular Microbiology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Souad Alateah
- Medical Laboratory Scientific Officer (MLSO), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Howaida A Bin Salem
- Medical Laboratory Scientific Officer (MLSO), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology), College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Muhammed Alrumaihi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology), College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahdyah Bukhari
- Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Aljubab
- Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora AlSaud
- Pediatric Department, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim F Alhetheel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology), College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Somily
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology), College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Albarrag
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology), College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Mohammad Alahdal
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana Sonbol
- Biology Department, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alnemri
- Pediatric Department, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alzamil
- Pediatric Department, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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SARS- CoV-2 infection and oxidative stress in early-onset preeclampsia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166321. [PMID: 34920081 PMCID: PMC8668602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also in pregnant women. Infection in pregnancy leads to maternal and placental functional alterations. Pregnant women with vascular defects such as preeclampsia show high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection by undefined mechanisms. Pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 show higher rates of preterm birth and caesarean delivery, and their placentas show signs of vasculopathy and inflammation. It is still unclear whether the foetus is affected by the maternal infection with this virus and whether maternal infection associates with postnatal affections. The SARS-CoV-2 infection causes oxidative stress and activation of the immune system leading to cytokine storm and next tissue damage as seen in the lung. The angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 expression is determinant for these alterations in the lung. Since this enzyme is expressed in the human placenta, SARS-CoV-2 could infect the placenta tissue, although reported to be of low frequency compared with maternal lung tissue. Early-onset preeclampsia (eoPE) shows higher expression of ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) causing an imbalanced renin-angiotensin system and endothelial dysfunction. A similar mechanism seems to potentially account for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review highlights the potentially common characteristics of pregnant women with eoPE with those with COVID-19. A better understanding of the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its impact on the placenta function is determinant since eoPE/COVID-19 association may result in maternal metabolic alterations that might lead to a potential worsening of the foetal programming of diseases in the neonate, young, and adult.
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18
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Zöllkau J, Hagenbeck C, Hecher K, Pecks U, Schlembach D, Simon A, Schlösser R, Schleußner E. [Recommendations for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 during Pregnancy, Birth and Childbed - Update November 2021 (Long Version)]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2021; 226:e1-e35. [PMID: 34918334 DOI: 10.1055/a-1688-9398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics and the Society for Peri-/Neonatal Medicine have published and repeatedly updated recommendations for the management of SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnancies and neonates. As a continuation of existing recommendations, the current update addresses key issues related to the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal care of pregnant women, women who have given birth, women who have recently given birth, women who are breastfeeding with SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, and their unborn or newborn infants, based on publications through September 2021. Recommendations and opinions were carefully derived from currently available scientific data and subsequently adopted by expert consensus. This guideline - here available in the long version - is intended to be an aid to clinical decision making. Interpretation and therapeutic responsibility remain with the supervising local medical team, whose decisions should be supported by these recommendations. Adjustments may be necessary due to the rapid dynamics of new evidence. The recommendations are supported by the endorsement of the professional societies: German Society for Perinatal Medicine (DGPM), German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), German Society for Prenatal and Obstetric Medicine (DGPGM), German Society for Pediatric Infectiology (DGPI), Society for Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine (GNPI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Zöllkau
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Deutschland
| | - Carsten Hagenbeck
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universität Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Kurt Hecher
- Klinik für Geburtshilfe und Pränatalmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Deutschland
| | - Ulrich Pecks
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Campus Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Deutschland
| | - Dietmar Schlembach
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Arne Simon
- Klinik für Pädiatrische Onkologie und Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland
| | - Rolf Schlösser
- Schwerpunkt Neonatologie, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Deutschland
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Arthurs AL, Jankovic-Karasoulos T, Roberts CT. COVID-19 in pregnancy: What we know from the first year of the pandemic. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166248. [PMID: 34461257 PMCID: PMC8397492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has infected nearly 178 million people and claimed the lives of over 3.8 million in less than 15 months. This has prompted a flurry of research studies into the mechanisms and effects of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection in humans. However, studies examining the effects of COVID-19 in pregnant women, their placentae and their babies remain limited. Furthermore, reports of safety and efficacy of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy are limited. This review concisely summarises the case studies and research on COVID-19 in pregnancy, to date. It also reviews the mechanism of infection with SARS-CoV-2, and its reliance and effects upon the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Overall, the data suggest that infection during pregnancy can be dangerous at any time, but this risk to both the mother and fetus, as well as placental damage, increases during the third trimester. The possibility of vertical transmission, which is explored in this review, remains contentious. However, maternal infection with SARS-CoV-2 can increase risk of miscarriage, preterm birth and stillbirth, which is likely due to damage to the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Lara Arthurs
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
| | | | - Claire Trelford Roberts
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
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20
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Luong TC, Pham TTM, Nguyen MH, Do AQ, Pham LV, Nguyen HC, Nguyen HC, Ha TH, Dao HK, Trinh MV, Do TV, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen TTP, Tran CQ, Tran KV, Duong TT, Pham HX, Do TT, Nguyen PB, Tra AL, Phan DT, Do BN, Duong TV. Fear, anxiety and depression among pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic: impacts of healthy eating behaviour and health literacy. Ann Med 2021; 53:2120-2131. [PMID: 34761972 PMCID: PMC8592601 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.2001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has been influencing people's psychological health, especially in pregnant women. We aimed to examine associated factors of fear of COVID-19, anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the pandemic where the impacts of healthy eating behaviour (HES) and health literacy (HL) were emphasized. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between 14 February 2020 and 31 May 2020 in 18 health centres and hospitals across Vietnam. Data of 518 pregnant women were analysed, including socio-demographics, pregnant-related factors, HES, HL, health-related behaviours, fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S), anxiety (using the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7)) and depression (using the patient health questionnaire with 9 items (PHQ-9)). Regression analysis was utilized to explore the associations. RESULTS Pregnant women with higher scores of HES and HL had lower likelihood of anxiety (odds ratio, OR, 0.79; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 0.73, 0.87; p < .001; and OR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.90, 0.99; p = .018) and depression (OR, 0.84; 95%CI, 0.78, 0.91; p < .001; and OR, 0.96; 95%CI, 0.91, 0.99; p = .044), respectively. Pregnant women being employed had a lower FCoV-19S score (regression coefficient, B, -1.46; 95%CI, -2.51, -0.40; p = .007). Besides, other significant predictors of anxiety were eating healthier during the pandemic, unchanged or more physical activity, elevated gestational age and smoking. Other significant predictors of depression were eating healthier during the pandemic, elevated gestational age and smoking. CONCLUSIONS Among others, HES and HL had positive impacts on protecting pregnant women against anxiety and depression. Improving HES and HL should be addressed as a strategic approach to improve reproductive health during the pandemic.KEY MESSAGEThe COVID-19 pandemic influences antenatal mental disorders with the higher level as opposed to that before the pandemic.Healthy eating behaviour and better health literacy (HL) had critical roles in lowering prenatal anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 crisis.Strategic approaches for improving healthy eating and HL should be recommended for protecting pregnant women from mental health problems during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc C. Luong
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Director Office, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu T. M. Pham
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Minh H. Nguyen
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anh Q. Do
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Linh V. Pham
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- Director Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Hoang C. Nguyen
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- President Office, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Huu C. Nguyen
- Director Office, E Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, E Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tung H. Ha
- Director Office, General Hospital of Agricultural, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung K. Dao
- Director Office, Bac Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital, Bac Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Manh V. Trinh
- Director Office, Quang Ninh General Hospital, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Thinh V. Do
- Director Office, Bai Chay Hospital, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Hung Q. Nguyen
- Director Office, Quang Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Thao T. P. Nguyen
- Health Management Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Q. Tran
- Director Office, Thu Duc District Health Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Health, Mekong University, Vinh Long, Vietnam
| | - Khanh V. Tran
- Director Office, Le Van Thinh Hospital (previously Hospital District 2), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Trang T. Duong
- Nursing Office, Tan Phu District Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hai X. Pham
- Director Office, Thu Duc District Health Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thao T. Do
- Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | | | - Anh L. Tra
- Department of Rehabilitation & Physiotherapy, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Dung T. Phan
- Nursing Office, Thien An Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Nursing, Hanoi University of Business and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Binh N. Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Division of Military Science, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zaky S, Hosny H, Elassal G, Asem N, Baki AA, Kamal E, Abdelbary A, Said A, Ibrahim H, Taema K, Amin W, Abd-Elsalam S, Soliman S, Abdelmenam HS, Mohamed AS, Elnady M, Hassany M, Zaid H. Clinical evaluation of pregnant women with SARS-COV2 pneumonia: a real-life study from Egypt. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2021; 96:29. [PMID: 34735655 PMCID: PMC8567119 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-021-00092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about the outcome of COVID-19 on pregnant women is so important. The published literature on the outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 is confusing. The aim of this study was to report our clinical experience about the effect of COVID-19 on pregnant women and to determine whether it was associated with increased mortality or an increase in the need for mechanical ventilation in this special category of patients. METHODS This was a cohort study from some isolation hospitals of the Ministry of Health and Population, in eleven governorates, Egypt. The clinical data from the first 64 pregnant women with COVID-19 whose care was managed at some of the Egyptian hospitals from 14 March to 14 June 2020 as well as 114 non-pregnant women with COVID-19 was reviewed. RESULTS The two groups did not show any significant difference regarding the main outcomes of the disease. Two cases in each group needed mechanical ventilation (p 0.617). Three cases (4.7%) died among the pregnant women and two (1.8%) died among the non-pregnant women (p 0.352). CONCLUSIONS The main clinical outcomes of COVID-19 were not different between pregnant and non-pregnant women with COVID-19. Based on our findings, pregnancy did not exacerbate the course or mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Zaky
- Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam Hosny
- Chest Diseases Department, Head of Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gehan Elassal
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Asem
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amin Abdel Baki
- National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab Kamal
- Tropical Medicine Department. Medical Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Akram Abdelbary
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Said
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamdy Ibrahim
- Fever Hospitals, Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Taema
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Soliman
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed S Mohamed
- Chest Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elnady
- Pulmonology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hassany
- National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI), Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Lu CL, Zheng RX, Xue X, Zhang XW, Liu XH, Jin XY, Pu FL, Lan HD, Fang M, Kong LY, Willcox M, Graz B, Houriet J, Hu XY, Liu JP. Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 pandemic and emerging challenges: An online cross-sectional survey in China. Integr Med Res 2021; 10:100798. [PMID: 34692409 PMCID: PMC8524811 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2021.100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate use of infection control behaviours, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among respondents to an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. METHODS The survey was designed by an international team, translated and adapted to simplified Chinese, including 132 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recommended by guidelines. It was distributed and collected from February to May 2021, with data analysed by WPS spreadsheet and wjx.cn. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, preventative behaviours and interventions, and their associated outcomes. RESULTS The survey was accessed 503 times with 341 (67.8%) completions covering 23 provinces and four municipalities in China. Most (282/341, 82.7%) respondents reported no symptoms during the pandemic and the majority (290/341, 85.0%) reported having a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at some point. Forty-five (13.2%) reported having a respiratory infection, among which 19 (42.2%) took one or more categories of modern medicine, e.g. painkillers, antibiotics; 16 (35.6%) used TCM interventions(s); while seven respondents combined TCM with modern medicine. All respondents reported using at least one behavioural or medical approach to prevention, with 22.3% taking TCM and 5.3% taking modern medicines. No respondents reported having a critical condition related to COVID-19. CONCLUSION We found evidence of widespread use of infection control behaviours, modern medicines and TCM for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory symptoms. Larger scale studies are warranted, including a more representative sample exploring TCM preparations recommended in clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Lu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Xiang Zheng
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Xue
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- First Clinical College and affiliated hospital, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Han Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yan Jin
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Lan Pu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Di Lan
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Min Fang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Yao Kong
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary care, Population Science and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Research Design Service South Central, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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23
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Crossette‐Thambiah C, Nicolson P, Rajakaruna I, Langridge A, Sayar Z, Perelta MR, Essex S, Oakes R, Mounter P, Lewis S, Dutt T, Scott I, Aung N, Shapiro S, Laffan M, Arachchillage DRJ. The clinical course of COVID-19 in pregnant versus non-pregnant women requiring hospitalisation: results from the multicentre UK CA-COVID-19 study. Br J Haematol 2021; 195:85-89. [PMID: 34132386 PMCID: PMC8444732 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnant women remains relatively unknown but the physiological changes of pregnancy and hypercoagulability of COVID-19 may further increase thrombotic risk. In this retrospective multicentre observational study, we report clinical characteristics and outcomes in 36 pregnant women requiring hospitalisation for COVID-19 compared to a propensity-matched cohort of non-pregnant women. Pregnant women had a lower haemoglobin and higher lymphocyte counts but no differences in other haematological or biochemical parameters on admission compared to non-pregnant women. There was no significant difference in the duration of hospitalisation; median two days (1-77) for pregnant versus eight days (1-49) for non-pregnant women. A higher proportion of non-pregnant women required mechanical ventilation [11/36 (31%) vs 3/36 (8%), P = 0·03] and received thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) within 24 h of admission [25/36 (69%) vs 15 /36(42%), P = 0·03] compared to pregnant women. One pregnant woman required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The rate of thrombosis was similar in both groups (one in each group). No women developed major bleeding or died. Data suggest that although non-pregnant women had a severe clinical course, overall outcomes were not different between women with or without pregnancy. The use of thromboprophylaxis was inconsistent, demonstrating a need for establishing evidence-based guidance for COVID-19 during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Crossette‐Thambiah
- Centre for HaematologyImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of HaematologyImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Phillip Nicolson
- Department of HaematologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK
| | | | - Alexander Langridge
- Department of HaematologyNewcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle Upon TyneUK
| | - Zara Sayar
- Department of HaematologyWhittington Health NHS TrustLondonUK
| | - Maria R. Perelta
- Department of HaematologyRoyal Free London NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Sarah Essex
- Department of HaematologySouth Tees NHS Foundation TrustMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Roderick Oakes
- Department of HaematologyNorth Cumbria University Hospitals NHS TrustPenrithUK
| | - Philip Mounter
- Department of HaematologyCounty Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation TrustDarlingtonUK
| | - Sarah Lewis
- Department of HaematologyAneurin Bevan University Health BoardNewportUK
| | - Tina Dutt
- Department of HaematologyRoyal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpoolUK
| | - Ian Scott
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical CareNHS GrampianAberdeenUK
| | - Nini Aung
- Department of HaematologyNorth Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation TrustHartlepoolUK
| | - Susie Shapiro
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Mike Laffan
- Centre for HaematologyImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of HaematologyImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Deepa R. J. Arachchillage
- Centre for HaematologyImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of HaematologyImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Imperial College LondonLondonUK
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Elrobaa IH, New KJ. COVID-19: Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary Manifestations. Front Public Health 2021; 9:711616. [PMID: 34650947 PMCID: PMC8505777 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.711616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been the most significant event in 2020, with ~86.8 million cases and 1.88 million deaths worldwide. It is a highly infectious disease, wherein the virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) rapidly multiplies and spreads to all parts of the body. Therefore, COVID-19 is not only respiratory disease but also a multisystem disease. Many people, including physicians, incorrectly believe that the disease affects only the respiratory tract. In this study, we aimed to describe COVID-19 manifestations and the underlying pathophysiology to provide the readers with a better understanding of this disease to achieve good management and to control the spread of this disease. Methods: Secondary data were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The keywords used for the search were as follows: COVID-19, COVID-19 pulmonary manifestations, COVID-19 extra pulmonary manifestations, and pathophysiology of COVID-19. We collected secondary data from systemic reviews, metaanalyses, case series, and case reports in the form of public data that was published on websites of the government, medical corporations, medical peer-reviewed journals, and medical academies, all of which were indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, or Scopus. Our questions were as follows: Is COVID-19 a respiratory disease only? and What are the extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19? Results: From our data, we found that a patient with COVID-19 may be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Symptomatic cases may have either pulmonary or extrapulmonary manifestations. Pulmonary manifestations occur as mild, moderate, or severe cases. In mild and moderate cases, extrapulmonary manifestations such as gastroenteritis, fever, or vomiting may present alone. Some of these cases may be missed for diagnosis, and the patient may receive symptomatic treatment without a COVID-19 diagnosis, leading to increased spread of the infection. Extrapulmonary manifestations may occur in severe and critical cases as complications of severe infections (high viral overload) or the cytokine storm, such as in acute kidney injury (AKI), heart failure (HF), and venous thromboembolic (VTE) manifestation. Conclusion: COVID-19 is not a respiratory disease alone; rather, it is a multisystem disease. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations should be considered for early diagnosis and to control the spread of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam H. Elrobaa
- Emergency Medicine Specialist in Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar and Lecturer in Clinical Education Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karl J. New
- Clinical Physiology, School of Health, Sport, and Professional Practice, Faculty of Life Science and Education, University of South Wales, Treforest, United Kingdom
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25
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Will Procreation Ever Be The Same After COVID-19? J Obstet Gynaecol India 2021; 71:1-6. [PMID: 34483511 PMCID: PMC8403817 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-021-01536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Medically assisted procreation will never be the same again after this China Virus epidemic. With billions of lives being affected by this damaging global pandemic, medically assisted procreation services were not left unharmed with far-reaching consequences. New challenges are now emerging concerning COVID-19, such as associated reproductive implications and the consequences of assisted and natural procreation in the presence of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and delayed consequences after patient recovery. There is a hypothesis that testicular damage and subsequent infertility may result following COVID-19 infection and the possibility of sexual transmission, as SARS-CoV-2 has been identified in the semen of infected patients. Vaccine hesitancy in young women planning pregnancies has been heightened because of the spread of misinformation on social media stating that COVID-19 vaccines will cause sterility in women. Reassuring data from accidental pregnancies that have occurred in the clinical trials of approved COVID-19 vaccines indicate that vaccination does not harm fertility or increase the rate of miscarriage. Scientists have quickly related to good tissue practices in vitro fertilization and a rethink is on about encouraging biopsies and focusing on safe vitrification protocols keeping in mind that ova, sperm, and embryos could be possible vectors for disease transmission with the limited research on the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Going ahead with segmented IVF without delay, freezing the generated embryos and pushing back the embryo transfer after the pandemic appears to be the best strategy at present. An international group of researchers have proposed a prognostic stratification of more vulnerable infertility cases in order to plan a progressive restart of worldwide fertility treatments.
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Bukowska-Ośko I, Popiel M, Kowalczyk P. The Immunological Role of the Placenta in SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Viral Transmission, Immune Regulation, and Lactoferrin Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5799. [PMID: 34071527 PMCID: PMC8198160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A pandemic of acute respiratory infections, due to a new type of coronavirus, can cause Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has created the need for a better understanding of the clinical, epidemiological, and pathological features of COVID-19, especially in high-risk groups, such as pregnant women. Viral infections in pregnant women may have a much more severe course, and result in an increase in the rate of complications, including spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and premature birth-which may cause long-term consequences in the offspring. In this review, we focus on the mother-fetal-placenta interface and its role in the potential transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including expression of viral receptors and proteases, placental pathology, and the presence of the virus in neonatal tissues and fluids. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the anti-viral activity of lactoferrin during viral infection in pregnant women, analyzes its role in the pathogenicity of pandemic virus particles, and describes the potential evidence for placental blocking/limiting of the transmission of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bukowska-Ośko
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Popiel
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland;
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Sheikh AB, Pal S, Javed N, Shekhar R. COVID-19 Vaccination in Developing Nations: Challenges and Opportunities for Innovation. Infect Dis Rep 2021; 13:429-436. [PMID: 34069242 PMCID: PMC8162348 DOI: 10.3390/idr13020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines offer a hope toward ending the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2. Mass vaccination of the global population offers hope to curb the spread. Developing nations, however, face monumental challenges in procurement, allocation, distribution and uptake of vaccines. Inequities in vaccine supply are already evident with resource-rich nations having secured a large chunk of the available vaccine doses for 2021. Once supplies are made available, vaccines will have to be distributed and administered to entire populations—with considerations for individual risk level, remote geography, cultural and socio-economic factors. This would require logistical and trained personnel support that can be hard to come by for resource-poor nations. Several vaccines also require ultra-cold temperatures for storage and transport and therefore the need for specialized equipment and reliable power supply which may also not be readily available. Lastly, attention will need to be paid to ensuring adequate uptake of vaccines since vaccine hesitancy has already been reported for COVID vaccines. However, existing strengths of local and regional communities can be leveraged to provide innovative solutions and mitigate some of the challenges. Regional and international cooperation can also play a big role in ensuring equity in vaccine access and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Suman Pal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (S.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Nismat Javed
- Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Rahul Shekhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (S.P.); (R.S.)
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28
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Granja MG, Oliveira ACDR, de Figueiredo CS, Gomes AP, Ferreira EC, Giestal-de-Araujo E, de Castro-Faria-Neto HC. SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnant Women: Neuroimmune-Endocrine Changes at the Maternal-Fetal Interface. Neuroimmunomodulation 2021; 28:1-21. [PMID: 33910207 PMCID: PMC8247841 DOI: 10.1159/000515556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has devastating effects on the population worldwide. Given this scenario, the extent of the impact of the disease on more vulnerable individuals, such as pregnant women, is of great concern. Although pregnancy may be a risk factor in respiratory virus infections, there are no considerable differences regarding COVID-19 severity observed between pregnant and nonpregnant women. In these circumstances, an emergent concern is the possibility of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric harm for the offspring of infected mothers. Currently, there is no stronger evidence indicating vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2; however, the exacerbated inflammatory response observed in the disease could lead to several impairments in the offspring's brain. Furthermore, in the face of historical knowledge on possible long-term consequences for the progeny's brain after infection by viruses, we must consider that this might be another deleterious facet of COVID-19. In light of neuroimmune interactions at the maternal-fetal interface, we review here the possible harmful outcomes to the offspring brains of mothers infected by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gomes Granja
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro − UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Rajasthan, Brazil
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation − Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rajasthan, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alex Portes Gomes
- Medical Science Program, Neurology and Neuroscience, Fluminense Federal University − UFF, Niterói, Rajasthan, Brazil
| | - Erica Camila Ferreira
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation − Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rajasthan, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Giestal-de-Araujo
- Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University − UFF, Niterói, Rajasthan, Brazil
- National Institute of Technology-Neuroimmunomodulation − INCT-NIM, Rio de Janeiro, Rajasthan, Brazil
| | - Hugo Caire de Castro-Faria-Neto
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation − Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rajasthan, Brazil
- National Institute of Technology-Neuroimmunomodulation − INCT-NIM, Rio de Janeiro, Rajasthan, Brazil
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Maier JT, Zickler D, Metz M, Jebens A, Jarchau U, Fischer J, Kimmel V, Prueter E, Hellmeyer L. Peripartum Covid-19 Pneumonia with Severe ARDS - A Case Report. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2021; 225:183-187. [PMID: 33873231 DOI: 10.1055/a-1365-9262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that was first isolated in Wuhan, China, and resulted in a rapidly spreading pandemic worldwide. Currently there is only limited evidence on the effect of COVID-19 on pregnant women. CASE Here we present one of the first serious COVID-19 cases in pregnancy at term with subsequent delivery. Postpartum the mother required antibiotic and symptomatic treatment. She experienced acute worsening of symptoms and developed acute respiratory failure requiring endotracheal intubation and subsequently extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. CONCLUSION COVID-19 affects all medical disciplines, requiring interdisciplinary approaches and development of patient care regimes. Obstetricians should be aware and be prepared for the special needs of pregnant women with potential prenatal and postnatal issues. Ideally pregnant COVID-19 patients should be cared for at a tertiary perinatal center with experienced perinatologists and neonatologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Theresia Maier
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Zickler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Medical Faculty Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Metz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Jebens
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Jarchau
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Viktor Kimmel
- Department of Angiology and Pulmonology, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric Prueter
- Department of Neonatology, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Hellmeyer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
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Elsaddig M, Khalil A. Effects of the COVID pandemic on pregnancy outcomes. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2021; 73:125-136. [PMID: 33832868 PMCID: PMC7969862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pregnant women and neonates are often categorised as being at high risk during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the characteristics of COVID-19 disease in pregnant women and non-pregnant women are very similar. However, pregnant women with COVID-19 in the third trimester are more likely than their non-pregnant counterparts to require intensive care, though this may reflect a lower threshold for intervention in pregnant women rather than more serious disease. Compared with pregnant women without COVID-19, pregnant women with symptomatic COVID-19 requiring admission to hospital have worse maternal outcomes, including death, although the absolute risk remains very low. Outcomes of neonates born to women positive for COVID-19 are generally very good, though iatrogenic preterm birth is more common. Findings from these studies highlight the need for further monitoring of the outcomes of pregnant and post-partum women according to trimester during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maab Elsaddig
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's Hospital, St George's University of London, UK
| | - Asma Khalil
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's Hospital, St George's University of London, UK; Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, UK.
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31
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Seymen CM. Being pregnant in the COVID-19 pandemic: Effects on the placenta in all aspects. J Med Virol 2021; 93:2769-2773. [PMID: 33559937 PMCID: PMC8013594 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), which had spread to the world from Wuhan (China) in late December, was announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. In addition to acute respiratory syndrome symptoms, this virus also affects nonrespiratory organs, according to existing data. ACE2 and TMPRSS2, which play a critical role in the entrance of SARS‐COV‐2 into the cell, are coexpressed in placental development stages, so the placenta also carries a risk for this virus. Many studies have shown that this virus causes some histopathological changes in the placenta. The vertical transmission of the virus is not yet clear, but available data have shown that the indirect effects of the virus can be seen on the fetus. This article focuses on revealing the effects of the virus on the placenta in all aspects. The placenta also shows antiviral activity due to placental growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, so the use of placental extracts as therapeutic agents in the treatment of COVID‐19 needs authority regulations and clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merve Seymen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Gazi University, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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