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Davis B, Eskenazi B, Bornman R, Obida M, Chevrier J. Association between prenatal exposure to indoor residual spraying insecticides and infection rates among South African children participating in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE). Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170483. [PMID: 38301784 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, 53 countries conducted indoor residual spraying (IRS), the application of insecticides such as dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) or pyrethroids to the walls of homes to control malaria. Animal studies show that these insecticides can increase susceptibility to infections but only one human study was conducted in a population from an area where IRS is applied. The aim of the present study was thus to investigate whether maternal exposure to DDT, its breakdown product dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) or pyrethroid insecticides is associated with symptoms of infection among children living in a region of South Africa were IRS is conducted annually. As part of the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) we measured maternal serum concentrations of DDT and DDE, and urinary concentrations of four pyrethroid metabolites in peripartum samples. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimates were used to investigate associations with the rates of infection symptoms between ages 3.5-5 years among 629 children as assessed based on caregiver interviews. Multiple pyrethroid metabolites were associated with infection symptoms. For instance, cis-DBCA was associated with increased rates of ear infection (Incidence Rate Ratio for a 10-fold increase (IRR10) = 1.4; 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.0, 2.1) and persistent diarrhea (IRR10 = 2.1; 95 % CI = 1.2, 3.9), trans-DCCA was associated with increased rates of colds in children (IRR10 = 1.3; 95 % CI = 1.0, 1.6) and persistent fever (IRS10 = 1.4; 95 % CI = 1.0, 2.0), and 3-PBA was associated with increased rates of persistent fever (IRR10 = 1.8; 95 % CI = 1.0, 3.0). We found limited evidence of association between maternal DDE and DDT serum concentrations and infection symptoms. Results suggest that prenatal exposure to pyrethroid insecticides may be associated with infections among children from an area where IRS is conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooklyn Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Riana Bornman
- University of Pretoria Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Muvhulawa Obida
- University of Pretoria Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Le HHTC, Ngo HKT, Hieu LS, Sly PD, Phung D, Le An P, Vinh NN, Dang TN, Thuong DTH, Thanh HN, Thai PK. Indoor air pollution is associated with respiratory symptoms in children in urban Vietnam. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170556. [PMID: 38296088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) is a leading environmental risk for respiratory diseases. We investigated the relationship between respiratory symptoms and polluting indoor activities such as smoking, cooking and contact with pets among children in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. A cross-sectional survey applied a multistage sampling method in 24 randomly selected secondary schools across the city. Approximately 15,000 students completed self-administrated questionnaires on risk factors and respiratory health outcomes within the preceding 12 months. Data were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model with robust standard errors. Wheeze was the most common respiratory symptom (39.5 %) reported, followed by sneezing and runny nose (28.3 %). A small percentage of students self-reported asthma (8.6 %). Approximately 56 % of participants lived with family members who smoked. A positive association between exposure to indoor secondhand smoke and respiratory symptoms was observed, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 1.41 (95 % CI: 1.25-1.60, p < 0.001) for wheezing and 1.64 (95 % CI: 1.43-1.87, p < 0.001) for sneezing and runny nose, respectively. Using an open stove fuelled by coal, wood, or kerosene for cooking was associated with wheeze (aOR: 1.36, CI 95 %: 1.10-1.68, p = 0.01) and sneezing and runny nose (aOR: 1.36, CI 95 %: 1.09-1.69, p = 0.01). In the present study, IAP was associated with adverse health outcomes, as evidenced by an increase in respiratory symptoms reported within the previous 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong H T C Le
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Hieu K T Ngo
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam
| | - Le Sy Hieu
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam
| | - Peter D Sly
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Dung Phung
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Pham Le An
- Centre for the Training of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Science and Technology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Nguyen Nhu Vinh
- Centre for the Training of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Ngoc Dang
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam
| | - Do Thi Hoai Thuong
- Science and Technology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Huynh Ngoc Thanh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam
| | - Phong K Thai
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Australia
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Song B, Li H, Zhang H, Jiao L, Wu S. Impact of electronic cigarette usage on the onset of respiratory symptoms and COPD among Chinese adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5598. [PMID: 38454045 PMCID: PMC10920732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of dual usage and the relatively low cessation rate among e-cigarette (EC) users suggest that ECs have not demonstrated significant effectiveness as a smoking cessation tool. Furthermore, there has been a substantial increase in the prevalence of EC usage in recent years. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the association between EC use and the incidence of respiratory symptoms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 10,326 participants aged between 20 and 55 years, without any respiratory diseases or COPD, were recruited for the study. These individuals attended employee physical examinations conducted at 16 public hospitals in Hebei province, China from 2015 to 2020. Logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between EC use and the risk of respiratory symptoms and COPD using risk ratios along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Restricted cubic spline functions were employed to investigate the dose-response non-linear relationship. The robustness of the logistic regression models was evaluated through subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses. During the 5-year follow-up period, a total of 1071 incident cases of respiratory symptoms and 146 incident cases of COPD were identified in this cohort study. After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, EC users demonstrated a respective increase in the risk of reporting respiratory symptoms and COPD by 28% and 8%. Furthermore, dual users who used both ECs and combustible cigarettes exhibited an elevated risk of incident respiratory symptoms and COPD by 41% and 18%, respectively, compared to those who had never used non-users of any cigarette products. The association between daily EC consumption and the development of respiratory symptoms, as well as COPD, demonstrated a significant J-shaped pattern. The potential adverse association between the consumption of ECs, particularly when used in combination with combustible cigarettes, and the development of respiratory symptoms and COPD necessitates careful consideration. Policymakers should approach ECs cautiously as a prospective smoking cessation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Song
- The First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University/Hebei Key Laboratory of Respiratory Critical Care/Hebei Institute of Respiratory Diseases, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Honglin Li
- The First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University/Hebei Key Laboratory of Respiratory Critical Care/Hebei Institute of Respiratory Diseases, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Libin Jiao
- Hebei Far East Communication System Engineering Company, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Siyu Wu
- The Third Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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Chen CH, Tsai PJ, Chang WW, Chen CY, Chen CY, Yates D, Guo YL. Dose-response relationship between lung function and chest imaging response to silica exposures in artificial stone manufacturing workers. Environ Health 2024; 23:25. [PMID: 38429786 PMCID: PMC10908069 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational exposure to artificial stone, a popular material used for countertops, can cause accelerated silicosis, but the precise relationship between silica dose and disease development is unclear. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the impact of silica exposure on lung function and chest imaging in artificial stone manufacturing workers. METHODS Questionnaire and spirometry assessments were administered to workers in two plants. A high-exposure subset underwent further evaluation, including chest CT and DLco. Weighting factors, assigned as proxies for silica exposure, were based on work tasks. Individual cumulative exposures were estimated using area concentration measurements and time spent in specific areas. Exposure-response associations were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS Among 65 participants, the mean cumulative silica exposure was 3.61 mg/m3-year (range 0.0001 to 44.4). Each 1 mg/m3-year increase was associated with a 0.46% reduction in FVC, a 0.45% reduction in FEV1, and increased lung function abnormality risk (aOR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.03-1.56). Weighting factors correlated with cumulative exposures (Spearman correlation = 0.59, p < 0.0001), and weighted tenure was associated with lung function abnormalities (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.09). Of 37 high-exposure workers, 19 underwent chest CT, with 12 (63%) showing abnormal opacities. Combining respiratory symptoms, lung function, and chest X-ray achieved 91.7% sensitivity and 75% specificity for predicting chest CT abnormalities. CONCLUSION Lung function and chest CT abnormalities occur commonly in artificial stone workers. For high-exposure individuals, abnormalities on health screening could prompt further chest CT examination to facilitate early silicosis detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsien Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, National Taiwan University (NTU), No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Jy Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Rd., North District, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Rd., North District, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yao Chen
- Division of Occupational Hazards Assessment, Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, No. 99, Ln. 407, Hengke Rd., Xizhi Dist, New Taipei City, 221004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yong Chen
- Division of Occupational Hazards Assessment, Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, No. 99, Ln. 407, Hengke Rd., Xizhi Dist, New Taipei City, 221004, Taiwan
| | - Deborah Yates
- Respiratory Medicine, St Vincent's Public Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital Clinical School, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yue Leon Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, National Taiwan University (NTU), No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei City, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Rm 339, 17 Syujhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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Pan H, Jarvis D, Potts J, Casas L, Nowak D, Heinrich J, Aymerich JG, Urrutia I, Martinez-Moratalla J, Gullón JA, Pereira-Vega A, Raherison C, Chanoine S, Demoly P, Leynaert B, Gislason T, Probst N, Abramson MJ, Jõgi R, Norbäck D, Sigsgaard T, Olivieri M, Svanes C, Fuertes E. Gas cooking indoors and respiratory symptoms in the ECRHS cohort. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114310. [PMID: 38183794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gas cooking is an important source of indoor air pollutants, and there is some limited evidence that it might adversely be associated with respiratory health. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the multi-centre international European Community Respiratory Health Survey, we assessed whether adults using gas cookers have increased risk of respiratory symptoms compared to those using electric cookers and tested whether there was effect modification by a priori selected factors. METHODS Data on respiratory symptoms and gas cooking were collected from participants at 26-55 and 38-67 years (median time between examinations 11.4 years) from interviewer-led questionnaires. Repeated associations between gas cooking (versus electric) and respiratory symptoms were estimated using multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, study arm, smoking status, education level, and included random intercepts for participants within study centres. Analyses were repeated using a 3-level variable for type of cooker and gas source. Effect modification by ventilation habits, cooking duration, sex, age atopy, asthma, and study arm were examined. RESULTS The sample included 4337 adults (43.7% males) from 19 centres in 9 countries. Gas cooking increased the risk of "shortness of breath whilst at rest" (OR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.06-1.79) and "wheeze with breathlessness" (1.32; 1.00-1.74). For several other symptoms, effect estimates were larger in those who used both gas hobs and ovens, had a bottled gas source and cooked for over 60 min per day. Stratifying results by sex and age found stronger associations in females and younger adults. CONCLUSION This multi-centre international study, using repeat data, suggested using gas cookers in the home was more strongly associated than electric cookers with certain respiratory symptoms in adults. As gas cooking is common, these results may play an important role in population respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Pan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Debbie Jarvis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment & Health, London, UK
| | - James Potts
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lidia Casas
- Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Judith Garcia Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Urrutia
- Respiratory Department, Galdakao Hospital, OSI Barrualde-Galdakao, Biscay, Spain
| | - Jesus Martinez-Moratalla
- Servicio de Neumología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete. (CHUA) Albacete, Spain; Servicio de Salud de Castilla - La Mancha (SESCAM), Spain; Facultad de Medicina de Albacete. Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Pascal Demoly
- University Hospital of Montpellier, IDESP, Univ Montpellier - Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Center for Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, 94807, Villejuif, France; Landspitali University Hospital, Department of Sleep, Reykjavik Iceland
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- University of Iceland, Medical Faculty, Reykjavik, Iceland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rain Jõgi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Science, University Hospital, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Department of Public Health, Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mario Olivieri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Policlinico "G. Rossi", Verona, Italy; Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elaine Fuertes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment & Health, London, UK.
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Ennin IE, Adzaku FK, Dodoo D, Maalman RSE. Effects of mixed hardwoods dust on respiratory function and blood immunoglobulin levels in wood workers. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26358. [PMID: 38404770 PMCID: PMC10884841 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational exposure to wood dust, generated by various individual wood species, both softwood and hardwood, has been extensively documented as a causative factor for reduced lung function, frequent respiratory symptoms, and increased immunological responses in wood workers. This study explores the impact of wood dust from mixed tropical hardwood species on lung function, respiratory symptoms, and Immunoglobulin (Ig) E and G levels. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among wood workers at the Accra Timber Market and a control group from the University of Ghana. Particulate matter (PM) was sampled using a Minivol Sampler set to a flow rate of 5 l/min. Respiratory symptoms were assessed using questions adapted from the British Medical Research Council (MRC) questionnaire (1960). Lung volumes and airflow rates were measured using a spirometer. Total serum IgE and IgG levels were quantified using ELISA. Results No significant differences were observed between the wood workers and the controls for demographic variables. Wood workers exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms, particularly rhinitis, with many reporting the absence of symptoms during holidays. Lung function parameters (VC, FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR, and FEF25-75%) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in wood workers. A significant negative correlation was noted between lung function parameters and years of exposure to wood dust. Wood workers showed significantly elevated levels (p < 0.05) of IgG and IgE. Conclusion The study findings suggest that exposure to mixed tropical hardwood dust induces elevated blood IgE and IgG levels, along with non-allergic respiratory function abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac E. Ennin
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Central University, Ghana
| | - Festus K. Adzaku
- Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Daniel Dodoo
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Raymond Saa-Eru Maalman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ghana
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Alqarni AA, Aldhahir AM, Alqahtani JS, Siraj RA, Aldhahri JH, Madkhli SA, Fares WM, Alqurayqiri AA, Alyami MM, Alwafi H. Spirometry profiles of overweight and obese individuals with unexplained dyspnea in Saudi Arabia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24935. [PMID: 38322957 PMCID: PMC10845726 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a common cause of dyspnea. However, the impacts of obesity on spirometry parameters, particularly among individuals with unexplained dyspnea, have not been well investigated. Objectives This study aimed to explore the prevalence of overweight and different classes of obesity and their effect on spirometry parameters among subjects with unexplained dyspnea in Saudi Arabia. Methods We conducted a retrospective electronic medical record review of individuals with unexplained dyspnea who visited our pulmonary clinic between January 2016 and December 2022 and assessed the association of body mass index (BMI) with spirometry parameters. After we classified the subjects based on their BMI values, we determined the impacts of increased BMI on spirometry parameters. Results The sample included a total of 978 subjects with unexplained dyspnea. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among our study sample was high (33 % and 47 %, respectively). All spirometry parameters: forced vital capacity (FVC) L, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) L, forced expiratory flow at 25-75 % (FEF 25-75 %) L/sec and peak expiratory flow (PEF) L/sec were significantly lower in obese individuals with dyspnea compared to normal weight subjects. In addition, our findings showed a negative correlation between BMI and FVC, FEV1, FEF 25-75 %, and PEF. Conclusion The high prevalence of obesity and overweight and the impairment of lung function because of high body weight among subjects with dyspnea point to the need for routine assessment and the evaluation of nutritional status in primary health care facilities for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A. Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Respiratory Therapy Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Siraj
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joud H. Aldhahri
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad A. Madkhli
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wanas M. Fares
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A. Alqurayqiri
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alyami
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Batterjee Medical College, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Alwafi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Fagevik Olsén M, Lannefors L, Johansson EL, Persson HC. Variations in respiratory and functional symptoms at four months after hospitalisation due to COVID-19: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:63. [PMID: 38297244 PMCID: PMC10829323 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much remains unknown about complex respiratory symptoms after COVID-19. Here we aimed to describe and analyse patients' various respiratory symptoms 4 months after discharge from hospitalisation for COVID-19, focusing on sex, previous pulmonary disease, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved five hospitals and included 52 patients with self-assessed respiratory dysfunction at 4 months after discharge from hospitalisation for severe COVID-19. Their average age was 63 years, 38% were women, 15 had a previous diagnosed pulmonary disease, and 29 were current or previous smokers. Additionally, 31 had required intensive care-among whom 21 were intubated and 11 needed mechanical ventilation for ≥20 days. Respiratory function was tested concerning lung volumes, expiratory flow, muscle strength, physical capacity (including concurrent oxygen saturation), thoracic expansion, and respiratory movements. RESULTS Among 52 patients, 47 (90%) had one or several objectively measured respiratory function abnormalities. Decreased thoracic expansion was observed in 32 patients (62%), abnormal respiratory movements in 30 (58%), decreased vital capacity in 21 (40%), low physical function in 13 (26%), and desaturation during the test in 9 (17%). Respiratory inspiratory muscle strength was more commonly diminished than expiratory strength (27% vs. 8%). We did not observe differences between men and women, or between patients with versus without diagnosed pulmonary disease, except that those with pulmonary disease had significantly lower physical capacity assessed with 6MWD (70% vs. 88% predicted, p = 0.013). Compared to those who did not, patients who required ≥20 days of mechanical ventilation performed similarly on most tests, except that all thoracic breathing movements were significantly smaller (p < 0.05). The numbers and combinations of abnormal findings varied widely, without clear patterns. CONCLUSION Patients with remaining respiratory symptoms 4 months after discharge from hospitalization due to COVID-19 may suffer from various abnormal breathing functions, and dysfunctional breathing that is not detected using traditional measurements. These patients may benefit from multidimensional measuring of breathing movement, thoracic expansion, and respiratory muscle strength, along with traditional measurements, to assess their symptoms and enable prescription of optimal treatment interventions and rehabilitation. TRIAL REGISTRATION FoU i Sverige (Research & Development in Sweden, Registration number: 274476, registered 2020-05-28).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fagevik Olsén
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Box 455, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden.
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden.
| | - Louise Lannefors
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Box 455, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Ewa-Lena Johansson
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Box 455, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Hanna C Persson
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Abateneh G, Gizaw Z, Gebrehiwot M, Worede EA. Prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and associated factors among woodwork workers in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia; a comparative cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:3. [PMID: 38166969 PMCID: PMC10759701 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to wood dust can cause respiratory symptoms, like cough, phlegm, breathlessness, and chest pain, reduce lung function. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and associated factors among woodwork workers in Bahir-Dar city, Ethiopia. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was employed among 229 exposed and 228 unexposed groups. Participants for the study were selected using simple random sampling technique. The chronic respiratory symptoms were assessed using a questionnaire adopted from the American Thoracic Society. The data was entered using Epi-Data version 4.6 and export to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Poisson regression, Multivariate linear regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with woodworkers, general population and in pooled analysis. RESULT The prevalence of having at least one chronic respiratory symptom was higher among exposed group (59.4%) than unexposed group (18.0%) with PR = 3.03(95%CI: 2.45, 4.45). In woodworker; Not taking health and safety training(5.15,95%(CI:1.93-13.76),primary educational(3.85,95%,CI:(1.1,13.47), not using Mask(6.38, 95%CI:(2.69-15.76) & number of families(3.05,95%,CI:1.04-9.028), In general population; Number of family members(2.75, 95%CI:1.1-7.19)& lower monthly income (3.3, 95%CI: (1.49-7.4), and In pooled analysis; wood dust exposure status 14.36 95%, CI:(7.6-27.00),primary education(2.93,95%CI:1.24-6.92), number of families(3.46,95%CI:1.8-6.64), lower monthly income(2.13,95%CI:1.19-3.81), & smoking (6.65, 95%CI:1.19-36.9) were associated with respiratory symptom. CONCLUSION Prevalence of respiratory symptoms was higher among exposed group than unexposed group. Reduced wood dust exposure status, Provision of occupational safety and health training, use of respiratory protective devices is recommended to reduce respiratory symptoms among woodwork workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girmaw Abateneh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zemichael Gizaw
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Gebrehiwot
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetu Abera Worede
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
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Gill ER, Bartlett LE, Milinic T, Burdis N, Pilewski JM, Dunitz JM, Kapnadak SG, Goss CH, Ramos KJ. A longitudinal analysis of respiratory symptoms in people with cystic fibrosis with advanced lung disease on and off ETI. J Cyst Fibros 2024; 23:161-164. [PMID: 38008684 PMCID: PMC10948304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
People with CF (PwCF), particularly those with advanced lung disease (ALD), experience frequent respiratory symptoms. A major CF breakthrough was the approval of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in 2019, which has been shown to improve symptoms and lung function in the CF population, and decrease pulmonary exacerbations. The purpose of this study was to analyze longitudinal changes in respiratory symptoms over 24 months in ETI-treated and untreated PwCF with ALD Symptoms were measured among CF adults with ppFEV1 < 40% (N = 48, 24 ETI-treated, 24 untreated) using the CFRSD-CRISS and the CFQ-R [respiratory]. Two multilevel growth models assessed the rate of change in symptoms overall and within the ETI-treated and untreated groups. PwCF on ETI had significantly lower symptom severity over 24 months than those not on ETI as measured by the CRISS and CFQ-R. The ETI-treated group maintained an -11.7 and +19.3 point difference(p<0.01) in CRISS and CFQ-R scores over the study compared to the non-ETI group, achieving minimal clinically important differences on average between groups on both instruments. No change in the symptom burden trajectory between groups was observed (p = 0.58). Even with ALD, ETI-treated PwCF have a lower respiratory burden than those not on ETI. This may be confounded by survivorship bias in the non-ETI group. Of note, in this ALD cohort, neither instrument demonstrated ceiling effects. Our results suggest that, while ETI has significantly improved the lived experience, PwCF with ALD are still plagued by respiratory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana R Gill
- Division of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, Dept of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Lauren E Bartlett
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Tijana Milinic
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Nora Burdis
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Joseph M Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jordan M Dunitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Siddhartha G Kapnadak
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Christopher H Goss
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Kathleen J Ramos
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
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11
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Loeb E, Zock JP, Miravitlles M, Rodríguez E, Soler-Cataluña JJ, Soriano JB, García-Río F, de Lucas P, Alfageme I, Casanova C, Rodríguez González-Moro JM, Ancochea J, Cosío BG, Ferrer Sancho J. Association between occupational exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory symptoms in the Spanish population. Arch Bronconeumol 2024; 60:16-22. [PMID: 38176851 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of occupational exposure on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory symptoms in the general Spanish population. METHODS This was a study nested in the Spanish EPISCAN II cross-sectional epidemiological study that included participants who had completed a structured questionnaire on their occupational history, a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms, and forced spirometry. The data were analyzed using Chi-square and Student's t tests and adjusted models of multiple linear regression and logistic regression. RESULTS We studied 7502 subjects, 51.1% women, with a mean age of 60±11 years. Overall, 53.2% reported some respiratory symptoms, 7.9% had respiratory symptoms during their work activity, 54.2% were or had been smokers, and 11.3% (851 subjects) met COPD criteria on spirometry. A total of 3056 subjects (40.7%) reported exposure to vapors, gases, dust or fumes (VGDF); occupational exposure to VGDF was independently associated with the presence of COPD (OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03-1.44), respiratory symptoms (OR 1.45, 95%: CI 1.30-1.61), and respiratory symptoms at work (OR 4.69, 95% CI: 3.82-5.77), with a population attributable fraction for COPD of 8.2%. CONCLUSIONS Occupational exposure is associated with a higher risk of COPD and respiratory symptoms in the Spanish population. These results highlight the need to follow strict prevention measures to protect the respiratory health of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Loeb
- Departamento de Medicina, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Centro Médico Teknon, Grupo Quironsalud, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública y Medio Ambiente (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Miravitlles
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Soler-Cataluña
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova-Lliria, Departamento de Medicina, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan B Soriano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Río
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar de Lucas
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Alfageme
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ciro Casanova
- Servicio de Neumología-Unidad de Investigación Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, CIBERES, ISCIII, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Julio Ancochea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja G Cosío
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Son Espases-IdISBa, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de las Islas Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jaume Ferrer Sancho
- Departamento de Medicina, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Jarraya A, Kammoun M, Bouchaira H, Ben Ayed K, Ketata H. Early versus late removal of the I-Gel in paediatric patients with mild upper respiratory tract symptoms undergoing ambulatory ilioinguinal surgery: A prospective observational study. J Perioper Pract 2023:17504589231211445. [PMID: 38112126 DOI: 10.1177/17504589231211445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The optimal timing of I-Gel removal in children with mild respiratory symptoms remains controversial. Consequently, we tried to assess the impact of early versus late I-Gel removal on the incidence of perioperative respiratory adverse events among children aged one to five years undergoing ambulatory surgery under general anaesthesia with I-Gel airway ventilation. The anaesthesia protocol was the same for all patients. Children were divided into two groups according to the approach of I-Gel removal (early versus late). The incidence of perioperative respiratory adverse events after the I-Gel removal was the main outcome, and a multivariable regression was performed to investigate the implication of the I-Gel removal in perioperative respiratory adverse events. According to our study, the incidence of perioperative respiratory adverse events was not correlated to the timing of I-Gel removal. However, prolonged postoperative oxygen support can be seen when the I-Gel is removed in anaesthetized children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Jarraya
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Kammoun
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hasna Bouchaira
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khadija Ben Ayed
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hend Ketata
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Shin S, Whitmore GA, Boulet LP, Boulay MÈ, Côté A, Bergeron C, Lemière C, Lougheed MD, Vandemheen KL, Alvarez GG, Mulpuru S, Aaron SD. Anticipating undiagnosed asthma in symptomatic adults with normal pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry: a decision tool for bronchial challenge testing. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:496. [PMID: 38071285 PMCID: PMC10709915 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02806-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients with asthma demonstrate normal spirometry and remain undiagnosed without further testing. OBJECTIVE To determine clinical predictors of asthma in symptomatic adults with normal spirometry, and to generate a tool to help clinicians decide who should undergo bronchial challenge testing (BCT). METHODS Using random-digit dialling and population-based case-finding, we recruited adults from the community with respiratory symptoms and no previous history of diagnosed lung disease. Participants with normal pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry subsequently underwent BCT. Asthma was diagnosed in those with symptoms and a methacholine provocative concentration (PC20) of < 8 mg/ml. Sputum and blood eosinophils, and exhaled nitric oxide were measured. Univariate analyses identified potentially predictive variables, which were then used to construct a multivariable logistic regression model to predict asthma. Model sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS Of 132 symptomatic individuals with normal spirometry, 34 (26%) had asthma. Of those ultimately diagnosed with asthma, 33 (97%) answered 'yes' to a question asking whether they experienced cough, chest tightness or wheezing provoked by exercise or cold air. Other univariate predictors of asthma included female sex, pre-bronchodilator FEV1 percentage predicted, and percent positive change in FEV1 post bronchodilator. A multivariable model containing these predictive variables yielded an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72-0.91), a sensitivity of 82%, and a specificity of 66%. The model was used to construct a nomogram to advise clinicians which patients should be prioritized for BCT. CONCLUSIONS Four readily available patient characteristics demonstrated a high sensitivity and AUC for predicting undiagnosed asthma in symptomatic adults with normal pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry. These characteristics can potentially help clinicians to decide which individuals with normal spirometry should be investigated with bronchial challenge testing. However, further prospective validation of our decision tool is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheojung Shin
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Louis-Philippe Boulet
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Boulay
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Andréanne Côté
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Céline Bergeron
- The Lung Center, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Gonzalo G Alvarez
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sunita Mulpuru
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shawn D Aaron
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
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Shams SR, Kalantary S, Jahani A, Parsa Shams SM, Kalantari B, Singh D, Moeinnadini M, Choi Y. Assessing the effectiveness of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) in forcasting AQI and PM10 and evaluating health impacts through AirQ+ (case study: Tehran). Environ Pollut 2023; 338:122623. [PMID: 37806430 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the major concerns for the population and the environment due to its hazardous effects. PM10 has affected significant scientific and regulatory interest because of its strong correlation with chronic health such as respiratory illnesses, lung cancer, and asthma. Forcasting air quality and assessing the health impacts of the air pollutants like particulate matter is crucial for protecting public health.This study incorporated weather, traffic, green space information, and time parameters, to forcst the AQI and PM10. Traffic data plays a critical role in predicting air pollution, as it significantly influences them. Therefore, including traffic data in the ANN model is necessary and valuable. Green spaces also affect air quality, and their inclusion in neural network models can improve predictive accuracy. The key factors influencing the AQI are the two-day lag time, the proximity of a park to the AQI monitoring station, the average distance between each park and AQI monitoring stations, and the air temperature. In addition, the average distance between each park, the number of parks, seasonal variations, and the total number of vehicles are the primary determinants affecting PM10.The straightforward effective Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN) demonstrated correlation coefficients (R) of 0.82 and 0.93 when forcasting AQI and PM10, respectively. This study also used the forcasted PM10 values from the ANN model to assess the health effects of elevated air pollution. The results indicate that elevated levels of PM10 can increase the likelihood of respiratory symptoms. Among children, there is a higher prevalence of bronchitis, while among adults, the incidence of chronic bronchitis is higher. It was estimated that the attributable proportions for children and adults were 6.87% and 9.72%, respectively. These results underscore the importance of monitoring air quality and taking action to reduce pollution to safeguard public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saba Kalantary
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416634793, Iran
| | - Ali Jahani
- Research Center of Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD): Tehran, Tehran, 141551156, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Parsa Shams
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Technical and Engineerin, Central Tehran University, Tehran, 1148963537, Iran
| | - Behrang Kalantari
- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Deveshwar Singh
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Mazaher Moeinnadini
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, 1417935840, Iran
| | - Yunsoo Choi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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15
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Cardona-Pascual I, Pallero M, Berlana D, Villar A, Montoro-Ronsano JB, Berastegui C. Long-term effect of tocilizumab on mortality, readmissions, persistent symptoms and lung function in SARS-CoV-2 patients 1 year after hospital discharge: A matched cohort study. Respir Med Res 2023; 84:101064. [PMID: 38029650 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2023.101064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tocilizumab is presumed to be an effective and safe treatment for severe SARS-Cov-2, but its usefulness has not been investigated yet for long-term outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of tocilizumab on mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 throughout the year following discharge. METHODS A retrospective observational analysis was performed on electronic medical records of patients with SARS-CoV2 who were discharged from our hospital after surviving the first wave in March-April 2020. Logistic regression was used to analyse the effect of tocilizumab on mortality, as the main outcome, and propensity-score analysis to further validate their effect. Secondary outcomes were readmissions, persistent symptoms and lung function evolution. Patients were selected by matching their individual propensity for receiving therapy with tocilizumab, conditional on their demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS A total of 405 patients were included in the mortality study (33.6 % were treated with tocilizumab) and 390 were included in the assessment of persistent symptoms. After propensity-score analysis, no association between tocilizumab use and 1-year overall mortality was found (HR= 2.05, 95 % CI: 0.21-19.98). No differences regarding persistent symptoms (OR= 1.01 95 %CI 0.57-1.79), nor lung function parameters (forced vital capacity: coefficient -0.16 95 %CI -0.45 to 0.14) were found throughout the year follow-up between control and tocilizumab group. CONCLUSIONS The administration of tocilizumab in patients with SARS-CoV-2 did not show any effect on long-term mortality. Identically, no association were found regarding readmissions, persistent symptoms or lung function evolution and tocilizumab administration in our cohort of patients after 1 year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Pallero
- Respiratory Department, Vall Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospital, Pg Vall Hebron 119, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Av Monforte Lemos 3-5, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Berlana
- Pharmacy Department, Vall Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana Villar
- Respiratory Department, Vall Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospital, Pg Vall Hebron 119, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Berastegui
- Respiratory Department, Vall Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospital, Pg Vall Hebron 119, Barcelona, Spain
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Reif JS, Stockley N, Harvey K, McFarland M, Gordon SC, Schaefer AM. Symptom frequency and exposure to a cyanobacteria bloom in Florida. Harmful Algae 2023; 129:102526. [PMID: 37951612 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This investigation was undertaken to characterize health effects associated with a major bloom of blue-green algae due to the proliferation Microcystis aeruginosa that occurred in Florida in 2018. Cyanobacteria produce multiple toxins, including the potent hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs), that have been reported to cause illness in exposed persons worldwide. Widespread exposure to toxins released by blue-green algae during the 2018 bloom was shown by the presence of MCs in the nasal passages of 95 percent of the individuals studied previously in south Florida (Schaefer et al., 2020). The current analyses were conducted to determine whether self-reported symptoms were associated with activity patterns, direct contact with water, residential, recreational, and occupational exposure. The 125 persons who participated in the initial study reported an average of 4.94 (± 4.87) symptoms. Those reported most commonly included rhinorrhea, sneezing, headache, sore throat and dry cough. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 74%, ocular symptoms by 62%, and gastrointestinal symptoms by 35% of respondents. Residential and recreational exposures were associated with increased risks of respiratory, gastrointestinal, or ocular symptoms in univariate and adjusted multivariable analyses. Residential exposure was significantly associated with increased reporting of dry cough (p = 0.03), dyspnea (p < 0.01) and wheezy respirations (p = 0.04). Among persons reporting gastrointestinal symptoms, nausea (p = 0.02) and abdominal pain (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with residential exposure. Recreational exposure was significantly associated with sore throat and eye irritation. The findings add to the evidence that exposure to cyanobacteria at concentrations encountered during an algal bloom is associated with a diverse array of symptoms and that inhalation of aerosols constitutes an important exposure pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Reif
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1681 Campus, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States.
| | - Nicole Stockley
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600U.S. 1N, Ft Pierce, FL 34946, United States
| | - Kathi Harvey
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| | - Malcolm McFarland
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600U.S. 1N, Ft Pierce, FL 34946, United States
| | - Shirley C Gordon
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| | - Adam M Schaefer
- Abt Associates, 6130 Executive Blvd Rockville, MD, 20852, United States
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G S J S, Ramakodi MP, T V B P S R. Review of bioaerosols from different sources and their health impacts. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1321. [PMID: 37840110 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The emission of bioaerosols in the ambient atmosphere from different sources is a cause of concern for human health and the environment. Bioaerosols are a combination of biotic matter like microbes and pollens. The present review emphasizes the understanding of various sources of bioaerosols (industries, municipal solid waste, and medical facilities), their components, and their impact on human health. The study of bioaerosols is of great importance as large numbers of people are estimated to be exposed on the global scale. Bioaerosols exposure in different work environments results in health issues such as infectious diseases, allergies, toxic effects, and respiratory problems. Hence, extensive research is urged to establish an effective assessment of bioaerosols exposure in the workplace, risks involved, distribution, and validation. The present review is intended to explore the relationship between bioaerosols exposure to the atmosphere and its impacts on human health. Some of the preliminary findings, based on our analysis of bioaerosols arising from municipal solid waste at a landfill site and a waste transfer station in Hyderabad, India, are also discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja G S J
- CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Hyderabad Zonal Centre, IICT Campus, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
| | - Meganathan P Ramakodi
- CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Hyderabad Zonal Centre, IICT Campus, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna T V B P S
- CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Hyderabad Zonal Centre, IICT Campus, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
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Kriger O, Gefen-Halevi S, Belausov N, Sherman G, Adam E, Rubinstein O, Kassif-Lerner R, Barkai G, Stein M, Listman A, Grossman T, Amit S. Respiratory cryptosporidiosis detected by commercial multiplex-PCR in immunosuppressed pediatric patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116033. [PMID: 37549634 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the off-label use of a commercial gastrointestinal protozoa multiplex-PCR panel for bronchoalveolar lavage samples, detecting respiratory cryptosporidiosis in 2 immunocompromised pediatric patients. We suggest that implying this readily available assay in cases in which systemic cryptosporidiosis is suspected, may widen our understanding regarding this rarely reported syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Kriger
- Clinical Microbiology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
| | | | | | - Gilad Sherman
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Etai Adam
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Orit Rubinstein
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Reut Kassif-Lerner
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Galia Barkai
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Stein
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Listman
- Clinical Microbiology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Grossman
- Public Health Laboratories Jerusalem (PHL-J), Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Amit
- Clinical Microbiology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Chamdimba G, Vunain E, Maoni M. Assessment of particulate matter exposure on ambient air and its impact on workers at two granite quarry mines at Njuli, Southern Malawi. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1069. [PMID: 37598112 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Quarrying activities are among the significant sources of pollution caused by particulate matter (PM) in ambient air. Besides affecting the environment, PM exposure is one of the leading causes of respiratory illnesses worldwide. The current study, unique to Malawi, aimed to understand the impact of particulate matter on ambient air and the possible effects on workers' health at Njuli in Blantyre and Chiradzulu districts. The study measured concentrations of particulate matter in ambient air, conducted a chemical analysis of fallen dust, and surveyed respiratory symptoms. Results showed higher exposures to particulate matter at a Terrastone mine (126 µg/m3 highest exposure) than a Mota Engil mine (83 µg/m3 highest exposure), attributed to poor management practices at Terrastone mine. Higher PM readings (0-85.98 µg/m3) were observed for sites located downwind of the mines than sites located upwind (0-59 µg/m3), demonstrating the impact of quarrying operations at the mines; differences were, however, not statistically significant (P 0.165, Terrastone, P 0.678 Mota Engil). The observed amount of PM in ambient air was consistent with the scale of quarrying and processing operations at both mines, 0-56.2 µg/m3 in pre-operational phases, 0-126.1 µg/m3 during operations, and 0-56 µg/m3 after closure of operations; differences were statistically significant only at Terrastone mine P 0.003. The impact of season variation was observed following lower PM readings recorded during the rainy season than those obtained during the dry season at both mines. Analysis of health symptoms revealed that a higher proportion of workers at the Terrastone mine experienced respiratory symptoms compared to the Mota Engil mine.
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20
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Issa A, Lawal AF, Oyebanji JS, Ahmed AO, Abdullkadri MB, Ibrahim OR, Mosunmola FR. Prevalence and outcomes of COVID-19 in children with respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. J Natl Med Assoc 2023; 115:398-402. [PMID: 37453926 PMCID: PMC10192598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
More than a year after its declaration as a pandemic, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a global health problem. The common symptoms of COVID-19 are like the presentation of common childhood illnesses. Hence, we determined the prevalence, and outcomes of COVID-19 in children with respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. This study was a retrospective review of data obtained from the screening of children with respiratory and or gastrointestinal symptoms for COVID-19. All children aged 1 month to 18 years with respiratory and or gastrointestinal symptoms were screened for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The tests for COVID-19 along their socio-demographic and clinical parameters were extracted from the hospital records. We recruited 129 children with a median (IQR) age of 1.1(0.5 - 2.3) years. Most of the children 111(86.0%) were under-five. Out of 129 children, 13 (10.1%) were positive for COVID-19 and 10 of the 13 positive cases were under-five. The COVID-19 status had no relationship with age, gender, and socioeconomic status, p >0.05. Children with a history of contact with a confirmed case had a significant association with COVID-19 (OR 110.368, CI 5.519-2207.306). Amongst the clinical features, the presence of fever was associated with COVID-19 (OR 4.4 CI 1.239-14.750) Conclusion: This study shows a higher likelihood of COVID-19 in children with a history of contact and fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amudalat Issa
- Children Specialist Hospital Ilorin, Katsina, Nigeria.
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21
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Zou ZL, Qiu J, Zhou XB, Huang YL, Wang JY, Zhou B, Zhang Y. Glutamate decarboxylase 1 gene polymorphisms are associated with respiratory symptoms in panic disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:435-443. [PMID: 37547739 PMCID: PMC10401499 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of panic disorder (PD). However, the effect of genetic variants on PD remains controversial.
AIM To evaluate the associations between glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1) gene polymorphisms and PD risk and assess the effect of GAD1 gene polymorphisms on the severity of clinical symptoms in PD.
METHODS We recruited 230 PD patients and 224 healthy controls in this study. All participants were assessed for anxiety and panic symptom severity using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS). GAD1 gene polymorphisms (rs1978340 and rs3749034) were genotyped and assessed for allele frequencies.
RESULTS There were no significant differences between cases and controls in the genotype distributions or allele frequencies of GAD1 (rs1978340 and rs3749034). In addition, the effect of GAD1 (rs1978340 and rs3749034) on PD severity was not significant. However, regarding respiratory symptoms, patients with the GAD1 rs1978340 A/A genotype had significantly higher scores than those with the A/G or G/G genotype.
CONCLUSION Here, we showed that the A/A genotype of GAD1 rs1978340 was associated with increased severity of respiratory symptoms in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Li Zou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Lan Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
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22
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Zuluaga N, Martínez D, Hernández C, Ballesteros N, Castañeda S, Ramírez JD, Muñoz M. Description of pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory symptoms associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Colombia. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2023; 22:56. [PMID: 37420198 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00595-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral respiratory infections may predispose to co-infections with other pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, pathogenic respiratory bacteria were detected using commercial kit Allplex™ Respiratory Panel 4 from nasopharyngeal samples from individuals suffering respiratory symptoms with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients without respiratory symptoms were included as controls. Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected from 12 patients (6%) in both, patients with respiratory symptoms (including hospitalized) (n = 6) and individual without symptoms (n = 6). Pathogenic bacteria possibly proliferate due to the limited immune response of patients with SARS-CoV-2, perhaps due to dysbiosis generated by the viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Zuluaga
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - David Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Centro de Tecnología en Salud (CETESA), Innovaseq SAS, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nathalia Ballesteros
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sergio Castañeda
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología and Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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23
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Rathipe M, Raphela SF. Hearing loss and respiratory health symptoms among large-scale sawmill workers of the timber processing factories within the Gert Sibande District Municipality: a comparative cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1196. [PMID: 37340332 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational exposure to wood dust may cause respiratory illnesses, while prolonged exposure to loud noise may cause noise-induced hearing loss. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of hearing loss and respiratory symptoms among large-scale sawmill workers within the Gert Sibande Municipality in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study consisting of 137 exposed and 20 unexposed randomly selected workers was undertaken from January to March 2021. The respondents completed a semi-structured questionnaire on hearing loss and respiratory health symptoms. DATA ANALYSE The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 (Chicago II, USA). The statistical analysis of the difference between the two proportions was done using an independent student t-test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the exposed and unexposed workers on the prevalence of respiratory symptoms like phlegm (51.8 vs. 0.0%) and shortness of breath (chest pain) (48.2 vs. 50%). There was also a statistically significant difference between the exposed and unexposed workers on the signs and symptoms of hearing loss like tinnitus (ringing in the ears) (50 vs. 33.3%), ear infections (21.4 vs. 66.7%), ruptured ear drums (16.7 vs. 0.0%), and ear injuries (11.9 vs. 0.0%). The exposed workers reported always wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) (86.9%) compared to the unexposed workers (75%). The reason for not wearing PPE consistently by the exposed workers was due to not being available (48.5%), compared to the unexposed workers who reported other reasons (100%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among the exposed workers was higher than that of the unexposed workers, except for chest pains (shortness of breath). The prevalence of symptoms of hearing loss among the exposed workers was higher than the unexposed workers, except for ear infections. The results suggest that measures should be implemented at the sawmill to help protect workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeletsi Rathipe
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa.
| | - Selepeng France Raphela
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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Kisiel MA, Sedvall M, Malinovschi A, Franklin KA, Gislason T, Shlunssen V, Johansson A, Modig L, Jogi R, Holm M, Svanes C, Lindholdt L, Carlson M, Janson C. Inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. Results from the RHINE study. Respir Med 2023:107307. [PMID: 37271300 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of IBD with asthma and respiratory symptoms. METHODS This study is based on 13,499 participants from seven northern European countries that filled in a postal questionnaire on asthma, respiratory symptoms, IBD including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and various lifestyle variables. RESULTS There were 195 participants with IBD. The prevalence of asthma (14.5 vs 8.1%, p = 0.001), different respiratory symptoms (range 11.9-36.8% vs range 6.0-18.6%, p < 0.005), non-infectious rhinitis (52.1 vs. 41.6%, p = 0.004) and chronic rhinosinusitis (11.6 vs 6.0%, p = 0.001) were higher in subjects with IBD than in those without IBD. In multivariable regression analysis, the association between IBD and asthma was statistically significant (OR 1.95 (95% CI 1.28-2.96)) after adjusting for confounders such as sex, BMI, smoking history, educational level and physical activity. There was a significant association between asthma and ulcerative colitis (adjusted OR 2.02 (95% CI 1.27-2.19)), and asthma but not Crohn's disease (adjusted OR 1.66 (95% CI 0.69-3.95)). A significant gender interaction was found with a significant association between IBD and asthma in women but not in men ((OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.67-4.46) vs OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.35-2.19), p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS Patients with IBD, particularly those with ulcerative colitis and female, have a higher prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms. Our findings indicate that it is important to consider respiratory symptoms and disorders when examining patients with manifest or suspected IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Kisiel
- Department of Medical Sciences: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Martin Sedvall
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl A Franklin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- The Medical Faculty, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Vivi Shlunssen
- Dept of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University and the National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ane Johansson
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Modig
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rain Jogi
- The Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mathias Holm
- Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svanes
- Dept of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Louise Lindholdt
- Dept of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University and the National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Carlson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology Research Group, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Kyvsgaard JN, Chawes BL, Horner DLG, Hesselberg LM, Melgaard ME, Jensen SK, Schoos AMM, Thorsen J, Pedersen CET, Brustad N, Bønnelykke K, Bisgaard H, Stokholm J. Risk Factors and Age-Related Patterns of Asthma-Like Symptoms in Early Childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:1773-1784.e10. [PMID: 36889671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Episodes of asthma-like symptoms in young children are common, but little is known about risk factors and their patterns for the daily symptom burden. OBJECTIVE We investigated a variety of possible risk factors and their age-related impact on the number of asthma-like episodes during age 0 to 3 years. METHODS The study population included 700 children from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood2010 mother-child cohort followed prospectively from birth. Asthma-like symptoms were recorded until age 3 by daily diaries. Risk factors were analyzed by quasi-Poisson regressions, and interaction with age was explored. RESULTS Diary data were available in 662 children. Male sex, maternal asthma, low birth weight, maternal antibiotic use, high asthma exacerbation polygenic risk score, and high airway immune score were associated with a higher number of episodes in a multivariable analysis. Maternal asthma, preterm birth, caesarean section, and low birth weight showed an increasing impact with age, whereas sibling(s) at birth showed a decreased association with age. The remaining risk factors had a stable pattern during age 0 to 3 years. For every additional clinical risk factor (male sex, low birth weight, and maternal asthma) a child had, we found 34% more episodes (incidence rate ratio: 1.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.21-1.48; P < .001). CONCLUSION Using unique day-to-day diary recordings, we identified risk factors for the burden of asthma-like symptoms in the first 3 years of life and described their unique age-related patterns. This provides novel insight into the origin of asthma-like symptoms in early childhood that potentially pave a path for personalized prognostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Nyholm Kyvsgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Bo Lund Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Lyle George Horner
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura Marie Hesselberg
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias Elsner Melgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Kjeldgaard Jensen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann-Marie M Schoos
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Thorsen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper-Emil Tingskov Pedersen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Brustad
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark; Section of Microbiology and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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26
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Odewabi AO, Ajibola RS, Oritogun KS, Ekor M. Levels of Clara cell secretory protein and surfactant protein A in municipal solid waste management workers in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Toxicol Ind Health 2023; 39:267-280. [PMID: 37082971 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231169085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Toxic pneumonitis and related respiratory symptoms are common among waste management workers (WMWs). Products of different cellular responses following exposure to toxic components of wastes can lead to the production of a variety of biomolecules. There is a growing recognition of the importance of biomarkers in risk assessment and a strong advocacy for their determination and use as indicators of health and safety. This study assessed the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and the relevance of pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) and Clara cell 16 protein (CC16) as indicators of occupational inhalation exposure to toxic substances and irritants in WMW. A total of 172 subjects consisting of 112 WMWs and 60 Non-WMWs were recruited by purposive sampling. Data on socio-economic and work-related symptoms were collected using structured questionnaire. CC16 and SP-A were determined by ELISA in serum samples. Clinical history reveals a slightly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms in WMWs relative to control subjects. Increased permeability of the lung-blood barrier, characterized by significant elevation of serum SP-A and serum CC16, was associated with respiratory symptoms in WMWs. Steady increases in SP-A and CC16, respectively, in relation to occupational duration were observed in WMWs relative to control. Receiver operating characteristic curve and multivariate analyses revealed SP-A and CC16 as important lung biomarkers for assessing sub-clinical effects of occupational exposure. Our data suggest SP-A and CC16 may be relevant indicators for assessing occupational inhalation exposure to toxic substances and irritants among WMWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adesina O Odewabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Weber State University, Ogden, UT, USA
| | - Romoke S Ajibola
- Department of Chemical Pathology, State Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Martins Ekor
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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27
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Ware JE, Coutinho G, Smith AB, Tselenti E, Kulasekaran A. The effects of greater frequency of two most prevalent bothersome acute respiratory symptoms on health-related quality of life in the 2020 US general population. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:1043-1051. [PMID: 36905563 PMCID: PMC10007648 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and related symptoms are widespread and a common reason for visiting primary care with cough and sore throat being most prevalent. Despite their impact on daily activities, no studies have explored the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in representative general populations. We aimed to understand the short-term impact of the two most prevalent URTI symptoms on HRQOL. METHODS Online 2020 surveys including acute (≤ 4 weeks) respiratory symptoms (sore throat and cough) and SF-36® health survey (all with 4-week recall) were analysed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in comparison with adult US population norms. Linear T-score transformation of SF-6D utility (ranging from 0 to 1) enabled direct comparisons with SF-36. RESULTS In total, 7563 US adults responded (average age: 52 years; range: 18-100 years). Sore throat and cough lasting at least several days were experienced by 14% and 22% participants, respectively. Chronic respiratory conditions were reported by 22% of the sample. A clear and consistent pattern of group HRQOL means declining significantly (p < 0.001) for acute cough and sore throat symptom presence and severity. Declines were observed on SF-36 physical (PCS) and mental component (MCS) and health utility (SF-6D) scores controlling for covariates. Those reporting respiratory symptoms 'most days' declined ≥ 0.5 standard deviation (minimal important difference [MID]) worse with averages at the 19th and 34th centiles for cough on the PCS and MCS, and 21st to 26th centile for sore throat. CONCLUSION Declines in HRQOL with acute cough and sore throat symptoms consistently exceeded MID standards and should not be ignored as self-limiting without intervention. Future studies on early self-care for symptom relief and its implications on HRQOL and health economics would be valuable to understand the benefits on healthcare burden and need for updating treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Ware
- John Ware Research Group, 10 Wheeler Court, Watertown, MA, USA
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Graça Coutinho
- Global Medical Affairs Respiratory, Reckitt Health, Slough, UK
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Fesu D, Polivka L, Barczi E, Foldesi M, Horvath G, Hidvegi E, Bohacs A, Muller V. Post-COVID interstitial lung disease in symptomatic patients after COVID-19 disease. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:565-571. [PMID: 36961666 PMCID: PMC10037361 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is often associated with long-lasting pulmonary symptoms. Data are scarce about interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients following COVID-19 hospitalization with persistent symptoms. We retrospectively reviewed all cases sent to pulmonary post-COVID evaluation due to persistent symptoms between February 2021 and February 2022 (N = 318). All patients with suspected ILD (N = 44) were reviewed at the multidisciplinary discussion. Patient characteristics, symptoms, time since hospitalization, detailed lung function measurements and 6-min walk test (6MWT) were evaluated. The post-COVID ILD suspected group included more men (68.2 vs. 31.8%) with significantly older age compared to the control group (64.0 ± 12.3 vs. 51.3 ± 14.9 years). Most patient needed hospital care for COVID-19 pneumonia (68.6% of all patients and 84.1% of ILD suspected group) and average time since hospitalization was 2.4 ± 2.3 months. Persisting symptoms included fatigue (34%), dyspnoea (25.2%), cough (22.6%), and sleep disorders (insomnia 13.2%; sleepiness 8.2%). Post-COVID ILD presented more often with new symptoms of cough and sleepiness. Functional impairment, especially decreased walking distance and desaturation during 6-min walk test (6MWT) were detected in the ILD-suspected group. Respiratory function test in the post-COVID ILD group showed slight restrictive ventilatory pattern (FVC: 76.7 ± 18.1%, FEV1: 83.5 ± 19.1%, TLC: 85.6 ± 28.1%) and desaturation during 6MWT were detected in 41% of patients. LDCT changes were mainly ground glass opacities (GGO) and/or reticular abnormalities in most cases affecting < 10% of the lungs. Our data indicate that suspected post-COVID ILD is affecting 13.8% of symptomatic patients. High resolution chest CT changes were mainly low extent GGO/reticulation, while long-term lung structural changes need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Fesu
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lorinc Polivka
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eniko Barczi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcell Foldesi
- Neumann Medical Ltd, Buday László u. 12, 1024, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Horvath
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Hidvegi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aniko Bohacs
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Muller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő u. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary.
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Peralta GP, Piatti R, Haile SR, Adams M, Bassler D, Moeller A, Natalucci G, Kriemler S. Respiratory morbidity in preschool and school-age children born very preterm and its association with parents' health-related quality of life and family functioning. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:1201-1210. [PMID: 36607410 PMCID: PMC9817445 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence and severity of respiratory symptoms in children born very preterm and to assess their association with parents' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and family functioning. We conducted a cross-sectional study and recruited children born less than 32 weeks' gestation between January 2006 and December 2019, in the greater Zurich area, Switzerland. Between May and December 2021, parents were invited to complete an online survey for their preterm child and for a control term born (≥ 37 weeks' gestation) sibling aged 1 to 18 years. We used a validated questionnaire to assess respiratory symptoms and the Pediatrics Quality of Life Family Impact Module (PedsQL FIM) to assess parents' HRQoL and family functioning. The survey was completed for 616 very preterm children (99 with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)) and 180 controls. Girls made up 45% (46% in controls) of the sample, and 63% (60% in controls) of participants were aged 6 to 18 years (school-age). Very preterm children reported a higher risk of respiratory symptoms than controls, especially preschoolers and those with moderate-to-severe BPD. Parents of children with "mild" and "moderate-severe" respiratory symptoms had on average -3.9 (95%CI: -6.6 to -1.1) and -8.2 (-11.2 to -5.2) lower PedsQL FIM total score, respectively, than parents of children with no symptoms. The same pattern was observed after stratifying by age categories. Conclusions: Our study suggests that respiratory morbidity in very preterm children has a negative impact on parents' HRQoL and family functioning, even beyond the first years of life. What is Known: • The burden of respiratory morbidity associated with very premature birth is high and last far beyond the neonatal period. • Respiratory morbidity contributes to lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in parents of very preterm children in early infancy. What is New: • Respiratory morbidity in very preterm children has a negative impact on parents' HRQoL and family functioning beyond the first years of life. • Parents of very preterm children with moderate and severe respiratory symptoms are the ones who report lower scores, both for preschool and school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela P Peralta
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Sarah R Haile
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark Adams
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Bassler
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Moeller
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Childhood Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Natalucci
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Larsson-Rosenquist Centre for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lee HY, Kim HJ, Kim HJ, Na G, Jang Y, Kim SH, Kim NH, Kim HC, Park YJ, Kim HC, Yun YK, Lee SW. The impact of ambient air pollution on lung function and respiratory symptoms in elite athletes. Sci Total Environ 2023; 855:158862. [PMID: 36152863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has become a significant public health concern. During exercise, many physiological factors are thought to increase the effects of air pollution. Air pollution most affects lung function and respiratory symptoms. We investigated the association between lung function, respiratory symptoms, and air pollutant concentration with meteorological factors in elite sports athletes. METHODS A total of 59 elite sports athletes from the Korea National Sports University participated in this prospective, observational study from September 2019 to June 2020. At ten visits, lung function and respiratory symptoms were obtained after a training session. We measured six air pollutants, including SO2, CO, O3, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5, and two meteorological factors, including humidity and temperature. Air pollutants and meteorological factors were measured by two nearest depositories of the national air pollution information system in Korea. RESULTS In a single-pollutant model, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO were inversely associated with both FEV1 and FEV6, 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with a 32.31 mL decrease in FEV1 and a 36.93 mL decrease in FEV6. Meanwhile, O3 and temperature had positive associations with both FEV1 (13.00 and 3.15 mL) and FEV6 (16.91 and 4.76 mL) and humidity with FEV6 (11.98 mL). In the multi-pollutant model at lag 0, FEV1 was associated negatively with O3 and NO2 (-50.68 and -6.87 mL) and positively with SO2 and temperature (65.76 and 8.08 mL). In the multi-pollutant model at lag 6, temperature was associated with FEV1 and FEV6 (6.01 and 8.89 mL). PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, and temperature were significantly associated with FEV1 and FEV6 through lag 0-6. CONCLUSIONS Air pollutants and meteorological factors are associated with lung function and respiratory symptoms and have cumulative effects among elite athletes. In the multi-pollutant model, temperature has the most significant effect on lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Young Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ju Kim
- Department of Community Sport, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunjoo Na
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwon Jang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Han Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hyun Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kil Yun
- Department of Community Sport, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Mitra P, Chakraborty D, Nayek S, Kundu S, Mishra D, Dan U, Mondal NK. Biomass using tribal women exhibited respiratory symptoms, hypertensive risks and abnormal pulmonary function. Chemosphere 2023; 311:136995. [PMID: 36330973 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In rural areas of developing countries, solid fuels are still widely used for cooking, heating, and lighting purposes. This study investigates the effects of household air pollutants (HAPs) exposure on the occurrence of respiratory symptoms, blood pressure, and lung function. In this study, we randomly selected 123 (83 biomass and 40 clean fuel user) subjects to assess the impact of smoke generated from solid biomass fuel by assessing their health status along with the ventilation pattern of the kitchens and living rooms. HAPs (PM10, PM2.5, and CO) and different health parameters were measured along with monitoring of self-reported health symptoms for a consecutive period of eight months. Results revealed that the concentration of CO, PM2.5, and PM10 were found highest in biomass using households. Higher odds of the upper respiratory symptoms, runny nose (OR: 4.08, 95% CI: 1.22-22.14, p < 0.03), nasal congestion (OR: 9.07, 95% CI: 1.39-97.89, p < 0.01) and the odds of the lower respiratory symptoms like wheezing (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.23-10.94, p < 0.01), breathlessness (OR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.3-14.75, p < 0.01), chest tightness (OR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.23-22.14, p < 0.03) and dry cough (OR: 3.661, 95% CI: 1.05-12.25, p < 0.04) were significantly higher in biomass fuel user. Similarly higher systolic (+11.41 mmHg), higher diastolic pressure (+3.3 mmHg), higher pulse pressure (+8.11 mmHg), and a 6 mmHg higher mean arterial pressure among biomass fuel using tribal women. The risk of hypertension was significantly (p < 0.03) higher (OR: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.18-7.89) among solid biomass fuel users. The lung abnormality was recorded 28.91% (OR: 5.02, 95% CI: 1.50 to 16.56, p < 0.01) among biomass fuel user. Finally, it is suggested that the use of efficient cookstoves, increase in cross ventilation, and cleaner fuel are urgently needed to curb the pollution load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Mitra
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, West, Bengal, India
| | - Deep Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600116, India
| | - Sukanta Nayek
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, West, Bengal, India
| | - Soumya Kundu
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, West, Bengal, India
| | - Debojyoti Mishra
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, West, Bengal, India
| | - Utpal Dan
- Principal, Diamond Harbour Government Medical College and Hospital, South 24, Pargans, West Bengal, India
| | - Naba Kumar Mondal
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, West, Bengal, India.
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Schyllert C, Lindberg A, Hedman L, Stridsman C, Andersson M, Andersén H, Piirilä P, Nwaru BI, Krokstad S, Rönmark E, Backman H. Socioeconomic inequalities in asthma and respiratory symptoms in a high-income country: changes from 1996 to 2016. J Asthma 2023; 60:185-194. [PMID: 35167415 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2039937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Low socioeconomic status based both on educational level and income has been associated with asthma and respiratory symptoms, but changes over time in these associations have rarely been studied. The aim was to study the associations between educational or income inequality and asthma and respiratory symptoms among women and men over a 20-year period in northern Sweden. Methods: The study was performed within the Obstructive Lung disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) research program. Mailed questionnaire surveys were administered to a random sample of adults (20-69 years of age) living in Sweden, in 1996, 2006 and 2016. Data on educational level and income were collected from the national integrated database for labor market research. Results: The educational inequality associated with asthma and asthmatic wheeze tended to decrease from 1996 to 2016, while it increased for productive cough, the latter among men not among women. The income inequality decreased for productive cough, especially for women, while no clear overall trends were found for asthmatic wheeze and asthma, apart from a decrease in income inequality regarding asthma among men. Conclusion: The patterns for socioeconomic inequality differed for asthma and wheeze compared to productive cough, and the results emphasize that education and income do not mirror the same aspects of socioeconomic inequality in a high-income country. Our findings are important for decision makers, not the least on a political level, as reduced inequality, e.g. through education, could lead to reduced morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schyllert
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anne Lindberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Linnea Hedman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Health Sciences, Division of Nursing, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Caroline Stridsman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Heidi Andersén
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Päivi Piirilä
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, HUS-Medical Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bright I Nwaru
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Eva Rönmark
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helena Backman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Rumchev K, Van Hoang D, Lee AH. Exposure to dust and respiratory health among Australian miners. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:355-363. [PMID: 36089622 PMCID: PMC9968258 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational exposure to dust has been recognised as a significant health hazard to mine workers. This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to inhalable (INH) and respirable (RES) dust and respiratory health among mine workers in Western Australia using an industry-wide exposure database. METHODS The database comprised cross-sectional surveys conducted by mining companies for the period 2001-2012. The study population consisted of 12,797 workers who were monitored for exposure to INH and RES dust and undertook health assessments including a respiratory questionnaire and spirometry test. RESULTS Despite the general trend of declining exposure to both INH and RES dust observed over the 12 years period, mine workers reported a higher prevalence of phlegm and cough when exposed to elevated concentrations of INH and RES dust. Logistic regression analysis further confirmed the positive association between INH dust exposure and the prevalence of phlegm with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.033 (95% CI 1.012-1.052). Overall, 6.3% of miners might have potential airway obstruction, and exposure to INH dust was associated with impaired lung function parameters. CONCLUSION Exposure levels of INH and RES dust particles among mine workers have reduced considerably and were well below currently legislated occupational exposure limits. However, given the reported higher prevalence of phlegm and cough among those with elevated dust concentrations, there is a continued need for effective dust exposure monitoring and control in the mineral mining industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krassi Rumchev
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Dong Van Hoang
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andy H. Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Piccolo CL, Liuzzi G, Petrone A, Fusco N, Blandino A, Monopoli F, Antinori A, Girardi E, Vallone G, Brunese L, Ianniello S. The role of Lung Ultrasound in the diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 disease in pregnant women. J Ultrasound 2022:10.1007/s40477-022-00745-5. [PMID: 36574192 PMCID: PMC9793376 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-022-00745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the role of lung ultrasound (LUS) in recognizing lung abnormalities in pregnant women affected by COVID-19 pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational study analyzing LUS patterns in 60 consecutively enrolled pregnant women affected by COVID-19 infection was performed. LUS was performed by using a standardized protocol by Soldati et al. The scoring system of LUS findings ranged from 0 to 3 in increasing alteration severity. The highest score obtained from each landmark was reported and the sum of the 12 zones examined was calculated. RESULTS Patients were divided into two groups: 26 (43.3%) patients with respiratory symptoms and 32 (53.3%) patients without respiratory symptoms; 2 patients were asymptomatic (3.3%). Among the patients with respiratory symptoms 3 (12.5%) had dyspnea that required a mild Oxygen therapy. A significant correlation was found between respiratory symptoms and LUS score (p < 0.001) and between gestational weeks and respiratory symptoms (p = 0.023). Regression analysis showed that age and respiratory symptoms were risk factors for highest LUS score (p < 0.005). DISCUSSION LUS can affect the clinical decision course and can help in stratifying patients according to its findings. The lack of ionizing radiation and its repeatability makes it a reliable diagnostic tool in the management of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lucia Piccolo
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Liuzzi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘L. Spallanzani’, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Petrone
- Diagnostic Imaging for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Fusco
- Diagnostic Imaging for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Antinori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘L. Spallanzani’, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Vallone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luca Brunese
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Stefania Ianniello
- Diagnostic Imaging for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Eklund LM, Sköndal Å, Tufvesson E, Sjöström R, Söderström L, Hanstock HG, Sandström T, Stenfors N. Cold air exposure at - 15 °C induces more airway symptoms and epithelial stress during heavy exercise than rest without aggravated airway constriction. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022. [PMID: 36053365 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Exposure to cold air may harm the airways. It is unclear to what extent heavy exercise adds to the cold-induced effects on peripheral airways, airway epithelium, and systemic immunity among healthy individuals. We investigated acute effects of heavy exercise in sub-zero temperatures on the healthy airways. Methods Twenty-nine healthy individuals underwent whole body exposures to cold air in an environmental chamber at − 15 °C for 50 min on two occasions; a 35-min exercise protocol consisting of a 5-min warm-up followed by 2 × 15 min of running at 85% of VO2max vs. 50 min at rest. Lung function was measured by impulse oscillometry (IOS) and spirometry before and immediately after exposures. CC16 in plasma and urine, and cytokines in plasma were measured before and 60 min after exposures. Symptoms were surveyed pre-, during and post-trials. Results FEV1 decreased after rest (− 0.10 ± 0.03 L, p < 0.001) and after exercise (− 0.06 ± 0.02 L, p = 0.012), with no difference between trials. Exercise in − 15 °C induced greater increases in lung reactance (X5; p = 0.023), plasma CC16 (p < 0.001) as well as plasma IL-8 (p < 0.001), compared to rest. Exercise induced more intense symptoms from the lower airways, whereas rest gave rise to more general symptoms. Conclusion Heavy exercise during cold air exposure at − 15 °C induced signs of an airway constriction to a similar extent as rest in the same environment. However, biochemical signs of airway epithelial stress, cytokine responses, and symptoms from the lower airways were more pronounced after the exercise trial. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00421-022-05004-3.
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Heibati B, Jaakkola MS, Lajunen TK, Ducatman A, Veysi R, Karimi A, Jaakkola JJK. Do hospital workers experience a higher risk of respiratory symptoms and loss of lung function? BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:303. [PMID: 35941624 PMCID: PMC9358815 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hospital work environment contains various biological and chemical exposures that can affect indoor air quality and have impact on respiratory health of the staff. The objective of this study was to investigate potential effects of occupational exposures on the risk of respiratory symptoms and lung function in hospital work, and to evaluate potential interaction between smoking and occupational exposures. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 228 staff members in a hospital and 228 employees of an office building as the reference group in Shiraz, Iran. All subjects completed a standardized ATS respiratory questionnaire and performed a spirometry test. Results In Poisson regression, the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) among the hospital staff were elevated for cough (aPR 1.90, 95% CI 1.15, 3.16), phlegm production (aPR 3.21, 95% CI 1.63, 6.32), productive cough (aPR 2.83, 95% CI 1.48, 5.43), wheezing (aPR 3.18, 95% CI 1.04, 9.66), shortness of breath (aPR 1.40, 95% CI 0.93, 2.12), and chest tightness (aPR 1.73, 95% CI 0.73, 4.12). Particularly laboratory personnel experienced increased risks of most symptoms. In linear regression adjusting for confounding, there were no significant differences in lung function between the hospital and office workers. There was an indication of synergism between hospital exposures and current smoking on FEV1/FVC% (interaction term β = − 5.37, 95% CI − 10.27, − 0.47). Conclusions We present significant relations between hospital work, especially in laboratories, and increased risks of respiratory symptoms. Smoking appears to enhance these effects considerably. Our findings suggest that policymakers should implement evidence-based measures to prevent these occupational exposures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-02098-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Heibati
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maritta S Jaakkola
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Taina K Lajunen
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alan Ducatman
- West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Rahmat Veysi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Karimi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland. .,Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland. .,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014, Oulu, Finland. .,Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101, Helsinki, Finland.
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Ghorani V, Khazdair MR, Mirsadraee M, Rajabi O, Boskabady MH. The effect of two-month treatment with Zataria multiflora on inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary function testes and respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 293:115265. [PMID: 35398241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Z. multiflora) is a valuable medicinal plant that has been used in Iranian traditional and folk medicine as an antiseptic, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic, anti-spasmodic and analgesic herbal medicine. This plant has been also used to relieve cough in common cold and respiratory tract disorders. The previous studies reported the pharmacological effects of Z. multiflora such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties in respiratory disorders in animal models and clinical studies. AIM OF THE STUDY The effects of Z. multiflora extract on inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary function tests (PFT), and respiratory symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) patients were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS COPD patients (41 cases) were divided to three groups including placebo group (P) and groups received 3 and 6 mg/kg/day Z. multiflora extract (Z3 and Z6) for two months. Inflammatory cytokines, PFT values, and respiratory symptoms were assessed before treatment (stage 0), one (stage I) and two (stage II) months after treatment. RESULTS Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 were significantly decreased after two months treatment compared to baseline values in Z3 and Z6 groups. The PFT values including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were significantly increased during two months treatment with Z3 and Z6. The peak expiratory flow (PEF) was also significantly increased after one-month treatment with Z6. The respiratory symptoms including cough, chest tightness, modified medical research council (mMRC) dyspnea scale were significantly improved after one and two treatments with both doses of Z. multiflora compared to baseline values. CONCLUSION The results suggest the potential therapeutic effect of Z. multiflora in COPD patients through reduction of inflammatory cytokines, increasing PFT values and improvement of respiratory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Ghorani
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Majid Mirsadraee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University-Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Aiolfi A, Cavalli M, Sozzi A, Lombardo F, Mendogni P, Nosotti M, Bonitta G, Bruni PG, Campanelli G, Bona D. Paraesophageal hernia repair with laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication: impact on pulmonary function, respiratory symptoms and quality of life. Hernia 2022. [PMID: 35578061 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraesophageal hiatal hernia (PEH) is characterized by protrusion of intra-abdominal organs into the posterior mediastinum. Respiratory symptoms and reduced pulmonary function have been described as possibly related to lung compression. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication (LTF) for PEH repair on pulmonary function, measured with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and respiratory symptoms. METHODS Retrospective, single-center, cohort study (November 2015-2020). All patients that completed pre- and postoperative (12 months) PFTs assessment were included. The gastroesophageal reflux disease health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL), reflux symptom index (RSI) and short form-36 (SF-36) were used. RESULTS Overall, 71 patients were included. The median age was 67.1 years and the majority were females (78.8%). Baseline PFTs were within normal limits in 91% of patients. At 12 month follow-up, total lung capacity (TLC) (4.77 vs. 5.07 L; p = 0.0251), vital capacity (VC) (2.97 vs. 3.31 L; p = 0.0065), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (2.07 vs. 2.44 L; p < 0.001) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (2.78 vs. 3.19 L; p < 0.001) were significantly improved. No significant differences were found for diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (17.09 vs. 17.24; p = 0.734), and FEV1/FVC (0.77 vs. 0.77; p = 0.967). Interestingly, improvements were more pronounced in patients with large PEH (type IIIb and IV). At 12 month follow-up, both gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms were significantly improved and 94% of patients were satisfied with the operation. The GERD-HRQL (18.1 ± 7.9 vs. 4.01 ± 2.4; p = 0.001), RSI (37.8 ± 9.7 vs. 10.6 ± 8.9; p < 0.001) and all SF-36 items were improved. CONCLUSIONS LTF for the treatment of PEH is safe and seems to be effective up to 12 month follow-up with improved lung volumes, spirometry values, quality of life, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms.
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Sompa SI, Zettergren A, Ekström S, Upadhyay S, Ganguly K, Georgelis A, Ljungman P, Pershagen G, Kull I, Melén E, Palmberg L, Bergström A. Predictors of electronic cigarette use and its association with respiratory health and obesity in young adulthood in Sweden; findings from the population-based birth cohort BAMSE. Environ Res 2022; 208:112760. [PMID: 35065933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) over the last decade, few epidemiological studies have examined the influence on respiratory health in young adulthood. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with e-cigarette use in young adulthood in Sweden, and to examine associations between e-cigarette use and lung function, respiratory symptoms, and obesity. This cross-sectional study included 3055 young adults from Sweden and used questionnaire and clinical data obtained at age 22-25 years. The prevalence of current e-cigarette use was 3.9% (n = 120). Few participants reported daily (0.4%) or exclusive (0.8%) use of e-cigarettes. In a multivariable adjusted logistic regression model, e-cigarette use was significantly associated with male gender (OR:3.2; 95% CI:1.5-6.7) and cigarette smoking (OR:14.7; 95% CI:5.5-39.0 for daily smoking). Prevalence of cough (15.0% vs. 8.5%) and mucus production (22.3% vs. 14.8%) was significantly higher among e-cigarette users compared to non-users, while no difference in lung function was observed. In addition, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher among e-cigarette users compared to non-users (36.7% vs. 22.3% with BMI≥25 kg/m2). In conclusion, cigarette smokers and males used e-cigarette more often compared to females and non-cigarette smokers. Attention should be given to respiratory symptoms among e-cigarette users, although our results may be explained by the concurrent use of conventional cigarettes, as the group of exclusive e-cigarette users were too small to allow firm conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Ekström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Swapna Upadhyay
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Koustav Ganguly
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonios Georgelis
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Kull
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Palmberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gavrielatos A, Ratkevica I, Stenfors N, Hanstock HG. Influence of exercise duration on respiratory function and systemic immunity among healthy, endurance-trained participants exercising in sub-zero conditions. Respir Res 2022; 23:121. [PMID: 35550109 PMCID: PMC9103459 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strenuous endurance exercise in sub-zero temperatures can cause airway damage that may lead to EIB. Prolonged exercise can also elicit greater immune perturbations than short-duration exercise. However, the influence of exercise duration on lung function and systemic immunity in sub-zero temperatures has not been established. Additionally, it is currently unknown whether atopic disposition, which is risk factor for EIB, influences respiratory responses in a sub-zero climate. The aim of this study was to compare respiratory and systemic immune responses to two cold air running trials of short and long duration, as well as to examine whether the responses differed between atopic and non-atopic subjects. Methods Eighteen healthy, endurance-trained subjects (males/females: 14/4; age: 29.4 ± 5.9 years old; BMI: 23.1 ± 1.7; atopic/non-atopic: 10/8) completed two moderate-intensity climate chamber running trials at − 15 °C, lasting 30 and 90 min, in a randomized, cross-over design. Lung function (spirometry and impulse oscillometry), serum CC16, respiratory symptoms, and blood leukocyte counts were examined before and after the trials. Results Lung function was not significantly affected by exercise or exercise duration. CC16 concentration increased after both trials (p = 0.027), but the response did not differ between trials. Respiratory symptom intensity was similar after each trial. There was a greater increase in neutrophils (p < 0.001), and a decrease in eosinophils (p < 0.001) after the 90-min bout. The 90-min protocol increased X5 compared to the 30-min protocol only in atopic subjects (p = 0.015) while atopy increased lower airway symptoms immediately after the 90-min session (p = 0.004). Conclusions Our results suggest that a 90-min bout of moderate-intensity exercise at − 15 °C does not cause substantial lung function decrements, airway epithelial damage or respiratory symptoms compared to 30 min running in the same environment, despite a heightened redistribution of white blood cells. However, exercise at − 15 °C may cause airway injury and evoke respiratory symptoms, even at moderate intensity. Atopic status may lead to greater peripheral bronchodilation and higher frequency of respiratory symptoms after long-duration exercise in cold. Trial registration: 01/02/2022 ISRCTN13977758. This trial was retrospectively registered upon submission to satisfy journal guidelines. The authors had not initially registered the study, as the intervention was considered to be a controlled simulation of exercise in a naturally occurring environment (i.e. sub-zero air) for healthy volunteers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02029-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Gavrielatos
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Iluta Ratkevica
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.,Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Nikolai Stenfors
- Division of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helen G Hanstock
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
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da Paz ER, de Lima CMF, Felix SN, Schaeffer B, Galvão CES, Correia AT, Righetti RF, de Arruda Martins M, de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério I, Saraiva-Romanholo BM. Airway inflammatory profile among cleaning workers from different workplaces. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:170. [PMID: 35488256 PMCID: PMC9052628 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01949-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cleaning workers represent a significant proportion of the active population worldwide, with poor remuneration, particularly in developing countries. Despite this, they remain a relatively poorly studied occupational group. They are constantly exposed to agents that can cause symptoms and respiratory problems. This study aimed to evaluate upper airway inflammation in professional cleaning workers in three different occupational settings by comparing nasal cytology inflammation and clinical profiles. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study on the prevalence of upper airway inflammation and symptoms of asthma/rhinitis related to cleaning work, according to workplace. A total of 167 participants were divided into four groups: hospital, university, housekeeper and control. A nasal swab was collected for upper airway inflammation evaluation. Clinical profiles and respiratory symptom employee evaluations were performed using specific questionnaires (European Community Respiratory Health Survey—ECRS and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood—ISAAC). Results Cleaning workers showed increased neutrophils and lymphocytes; the hospital and university groups showed increased macrophages compared to the housekeeper and control groups. The hospital and housekeeper groups showed increased eosinophils when they performed cleaning services for up to one year and reported having more asthma symptoms than the control group. Cleaning workers showed increased rhinitis symptoms. The university group showed increased rhinitis symptoms aggravated by the workplace compared with the hospital and housekeeper groups. Cleaning workers showed an increased affirmative response when directly asked about rhinitis symptoms compared to the control group. Conclusions Cleaning workers showed airway inflammation, asthma symptoms and rhinitis, regardless of the occupational environment to which they were exposed, as well as showed increased rhinitis and asthma symptoms. Hospital cleaning workers showed increased macrophages, lymphocytes and eosinophils compared to the others. The length of time spent performing cleaning work was not related to nasal inflammation or respiratory symptoms in this population. However, there were differences in workplaces. Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Trial registration number: NCT03311048. Registration date: 10.16.2017. Retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01949-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edinéia Rosa da Paz
- Instituto de Assistência Médica Ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), Hospital Do Servidor Público Do Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Soraia Nogueira Felix
- Instituto de Assistência Médica Ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), Hospital Do Servidor Público Do Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Schaeffer
- Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- Departamento de Cardiopneumologia, Instituto do Coração, InCor-HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratório de Investigação Médica- LIM 61, Serviço de Cirurgia Torácica, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Serviço de Reabilitação, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratório de Terapêutica Experimental (LIM-20), Faculdade de Medicina da USP (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton de Arruda Martins
- Laboratório de Terapêutica Experimental (LIM-20), Faculdade de Medicina da USP (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo
- Instituto de Assistência Médica Ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), Hospital Do Servidor Público Do Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratório de Terapêutica Experimental (LIM-20), Faculdade de Medicina da USP (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Zoller T, Mfinanga EH, Zumba TB, Asilia PJ, Mutabazi EM, Wimmersberger D, Mhimbira F, Haraka F, Reither K. Symptoms and functional limitations related to respiratory health and carbon monoxide poisoning in Tanzania: a cross sectional study. Environ Health 2022; 21:38. [PMID: 35365149 PMCID: PMC8976359 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of chronic respiratory symptoms and respiratory functional limitations is underestimated in Africa. Few data are available on carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in sub-Saharan Africa and existing data is derived from CO in ambient air, but not from biomarkers in the blood. METHODS Data from the Tanzanian Lung Health study, a cross-sectional study on lung health among outpatients and visitors to an urban as well as a rural hospital in Tanzania, was analyzed to describe respiratory symptoms and functional limitations. Saturation of peripheral blood with carbon monoxide (SpCO) was measured transcutaneously and non-invasively in participants using a modified pulse oxymeter indicative of CO poisoning. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS Nine hundred and ninety-seven participants were included in the analysis, the median age of participants was 46 years (49% male). 38% of participants reported some degree of chronic shortness of breath and 26% felt limited in their daily activities or at work by this symptom. The median SpCO was 7% (IQR 4-13, range 2-31%) among all participants without active smoking status (N = 808). Participants cooking with gas or electricity had the lowest SpCO (median 5%), followed by participants cooking with charcoal (median 7%). Cooking with wood, particularly using a stove, resulted in highest SpCO (median 11.5%). Participants from households where cooking takes place in a separate room had the lowest SpCO as compared to cooking outside or cooking in a shared room inside (6% vs. 9% vs.10.5%, p < 0.01). Sex or the activity of cooking itself was not associated with a difference in SpCO. Multivariate analysis confirmed cooking in a separate room (as compared to cooking outside) and living in a rural vs. urban setting as protective factors against high SpCO. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate a high burden of chronic respiratory symptoms which also cause socioeconomic impact. High levels of SpCO indicate a relevant burden of carbon monoxide poisoning in the local population. The level of CO in the blood is more dependent on shared exposure to sources of CO with the type of housing and type of cooking fuel as most relevant factors, and less on person-individual risk factors or activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Zoller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstr. 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - David Wimmersberger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstr. 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Frederick Haraka
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstr. 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Reither
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstr. 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Selinheimo S, Jokela M, Vasankari T, Kanervisto M, Pirkola S, Suvisaari J, Paunio T. Poor respiratory health outcomes associated with high illness worry and alexithymia: Eleven-year prospective cohort study among the working-age population. J Psychosom Res 2022; 155:110751. [PMID: 35152185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor respiratory health outcomes have been associated with poorer physical health and higher psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate whether illness worry, alexithymia or low sense of coherence predict i) the onset of new respiratory disease, ii) respiratory symptoms or iii) lung function among the working-age population, independently of comorbidity mood-, anxiety, or alcohol abuse disorders. METHODS The study was conducted among a nationally representative sample of the Finnish population (BRIF8901) aged 30-54 years (N = 2310) in 2000-2001 and was followed up in 2011. Individuals with a diagnosed respiratory disease or a severe psychiatric disorder at baseline were excluded. Lung function was measured by a spirometry test and psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using a structured clinical interview. Structured questionnaires were used to measure self-reported respiratory symptoms and diseases, illness worry, alexithymia, and sense of coherence. RESULTS High illness worry predicted an 11-year incidence of asthma (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.09-1.99, p = 0.01). Alexithymia predicted shortness of breath (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.13-1.53, p < 0.01) and 11-year incidence of COPD (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.37-5.88, p < 0.01), even after several adjustments for physical and mental health. Psychological dispositions did not associate with lung function in 2011. CONCLUSIONS In the general population, psychological factors that modify health behaviour predicted adverse respiratory health outcomes independently of lung function after 11 years of follow-up. This indicates that considering them part of personalized treatment planning is important for promoting health-related behaviour among the working-age population.
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Eze JN, Ozoh OB, Otuu FC, Shu EN, Anyaehie BU. Respiratory symptoms and lung function among inmates in a Nigerian prison: a cross sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:84. [PMID: 35287649 PMCID: PMC8918425 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prisoners in low- and middle-income countries are vulnerable to poor lung health from multiple adverse conditions confronted within the prison such as overcrowding, poor ventilation and exposure to second hand smoke. Evidence for poor lung health in this disadvantaged group is needed to inform policy on prison conditions in this region. We assessed the respiratory symptoms and lung function measured by spirometry among prisoners in Enugu, Nigeria and explored the associations between them.
Methods This was a cross‑sectional study among prison inmates aged 16–76 years. We assessed frequency of respiratory symptoms in the preceding one-year, previous respiratory diagnosis, tobacco smoking status and spirometry. The relationships between respiratory symptoms, smoking status and spirometry pattern were determined using the Chi‑square test. Results Of 245 participants, 170 (69.4%) reported at least one respiratory symptom. In all, 214 (87.3%) performed spirometry and 173 (80.8%) had good quality spirometry tests. Using the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) predicted values for ‘African Americans’, spirometry results were abnormal in 41 (23.7%) of the participants and when the GLI reference values for ‘Other’ ethnic groups was applied, 78 (45.1%) had abnormal results. Restrictive impairment was most common occurring in 21 (12.1%) and 59 (34.1%) respectively based on the two reference values, and obstructive pattern was found in 18 (10.4%) and 13 (7.5%) respectively. There was no significant association between abnormal spirometry pattern and presence of respiratory symptoms or smoking status. No previous diagnosis for asthma, or bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had been made in any of the participants. Conclusions We reported high rates of respiratory symptoms and abnormal lung function with under-diagnosis of chronic respiratory diseases among inmates in Enugu prison. The restrictive abnormalities based on GLI equations remain unexplained. There is need for improvement in prison facilities that promote lung health and enhanced access to diagnosis and treatment of respiratory non-communicable disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01882-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Nkiru Eze
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria/University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, 400001, Nigeria.
| | - Obianuju Beatrice Ozoh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Elvis Neba Shu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Bond Ugochukwu Anyaehie
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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Alavinezhad A, Ghorani V, Rajabi O, Boskabady MH. Zataria multiflora extract influenced asthmatic patients by improving respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function tests and lung inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114888. [PMID: 34863879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss (Z. multiflora) were reported in previous studies which is using in traditional and modern medicine. This plant is traditional used as an anti-tussive agent and for the management of respiratory disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The preventive effect of the extract of leaves and stems of Z. multiflora on respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function tests, hematological indices, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the serum and supernatant of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and gene expression of IL-10 in these cells in asthmatic patients was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS 36 asthmatic patients in three groups (randomly divided) of placebo group (P), two groups treated with 5 and 10 mg/kg/day doses of Z. multiflora (Z5 and Z10) for two months completed the study. Drugs were administered double-blindly and different variables were assessed before and after (one and two months) starting treatment including respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function tests (PFT), hematological indices, hs-CRP, serum and supernatant levels as well as gene expression of IL-10. RESULTS Two months treatment with Z5 and Z10 led to significant reduction of respiratory symptoms (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Pulmonary function test values in treated groups were also significantly increased two months after starting treatment (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Total WBC, monocytes and eosinophils were also decreased in treated groups with the extract at the end of study period (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). Hemoglobin and hematocrit in Z10 treated group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in both treated groups (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01) were significantly reduced. In addition, the level of hs-CRP in both treated groups was significantly reduced after two months (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). IL-10 concentration in Z10 treated group in supernatant of PBMC was also significantly enhanced (p < 0.01). All comparisons were made compared to the baseline (beginning of the treatment) values. CONCLUSION Z. multiflora improved respiratory symptoms and increased pulmonary function tests in asthmatic patients. In addition, the plant was effective in decrement of inflammatory cells and hs-CRP as well as enhanced IL-10. Therefore, the plant showed possible preventive therapeutic effect on asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Alavinezhad
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahideh Ghorani
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Calle Rubio M, Rodríguez Hermosa JL, Miravitlles M, López-Campos JL. Knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, presence of chronic respiratory symptoms and use of spirometry among the Spanish population: CONOCEPOC 2019 study. Arch Bronconeumol 2021; 57:741-749. [PMID: 35698980 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze current data on the population's level of knowledge about COPD and to evaluate certain diagnostic interventions, such as the use of spirometry. MATERIAL AND METHODS An epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional study by telephone interview, with random dialing of landline telephone numbers, was conducted in November 2019, in a nationally representative sample of adults over 40 years of age. RESULTS From a total of 51,079 telephone calls, a total of 1920 individuals responded. Mean age was 61.9 years and 31.6% were men. Overall, 19.4% were current smokers and 13.4% reported respiratory disease (5% reported COPD). In total, 27.9% had spontaneous knowledge of COPD, which is a relative increase from the 17% observed in 2011. The most frequent information channel was the media (35.5%), with a significant presence of social networks and the Internet (25.7%). Almost one fifth (18.1%) had chronic respiratory symptoms. Of these, 59.3% had requested medical care, and 66.2% had undergone spirometry. Spirometry was performed less frequently in subjects treated in primary care compared to respiratory medicine departments (51.9% versus 79.1%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of COPD is still scarce, and strategies are needed to increase awareness and the importance of assessing respiratory symptoms and increased use of spirometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Calle Rubio
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Rodríguez Hermosa
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marc Miravitlles
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis López-Campos
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Boakye E, Obisesan OH, Uddin SMI, El-Shahawy O, Dzaye O, Osei AD, Benjamin EJ, Stokes AC, Robertson RM, Bhatnagar A, Blaha MJ. Cannabis vaping among adults in the United States: Prevalence, trends, and association with high-risk behaviors and adverse respiratory conditions. Prev Med 2021; 153:106800. [PMID: 34520787 PMCID: PMC9830549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The e-cigarette or vaping product-use-associated lung injury outbreak in the United States has raised concerns about the potential health effects of cannabis vaping, a method of cannabis use that is becoming increasingly popular. We used 2017-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to estimate yearly prevalence and trends of past-30-day cannabis use and vaping among US adults. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the associations of cannabis vaping with high-risk behaviors, asthma, and other respiratory symptoms. Our sample size was 160,209 (53,945-2017; 55,475-2018; and 50,789-2019). Past-30-day cannabis use prevalence increased from 10.0% (95% CI, 9.4%-10.7%) in 2017 to 13.4% (12.8%-12.0%) in 2019. Similarly, past-30-day cannabis vaping prevalence increased from 1.0% (0.8%-1.2%) to 2.0% (1.7%-2.2%) over the same period, with the greatest increase, 1.2% to 3.9%, observed among young adults (18-24 years). Individuals who vaped cannabis were more likely to concurrently vape nicotine. Cannabis vaping was associated with increased odds of heavy alcohol use (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.45-2.63), binge drinking (aOR, 2.82; 95% CI, 2.25-3.54), and other high-risk behaviors (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.89-3.24). In analyses adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and body mass index, cannabis vaping was not associated with asthma (aOR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.64-1.64) or other respiratory symptoms (aOR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.44-2.63). Adjusting for nicotine vaping did not substantively alter these associations. The prevalence of past-30-day cannabis vaping has increased, particularly among young adults, and was associated with high-risk behaviors. Although there was no association between cannabis vaping and asthma or other respiratory symptoms, the increasing trends of cannabis vaping, particularly among young adults, raise concern and underscore the need for continued surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Boakye
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA; The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Olufunmilayo H Obisesan
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA; The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - S M Iftekhar Uddin
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA; The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Omar El-Shahawy
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Omar Dzaye
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Albert D Osei
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrew C Stokes
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rose Marie Robertson
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA; University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA; The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Lu CL, Zheng RX, Xue X, Zhang XW, Liu XH, Jin XY, Pu FL, Lan HD, Fang M, Kong LY, Willcox M, Graz B, Houriet J, Hu XY, Liu JP. Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 pandemic and emerging challenges: An online cross-sectional survey in China. Integr Med Res 2021; 10:100798. [PMID: 34692409 PMCID: PMC8524811 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2021.100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate use of infection control behaviours, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among respondents to an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. METHODS The survey was designed by an international team, translated and adapted to simplified Chinese, including 132 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recommended by guidelines. It was distributed and collected from February to May 2021, with data analysed by WPS spreadsheet and wjx.cn. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, preventative behaviours and interventions, and their associated outcomes. RESULTS The survey was accessed 503 times with 341 (67.8%) completions covering 23 provinces and four municipalities in China. Most (282/341, 82.7%) respondents reported no symptoms during the pandemic and the majority (290/341, 85.0%) reported having a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at some point. Forty-five (13.2%) reported having a respiratory infection, among which 19 (42.2%) took one or more categories of modern medicine, e.g. painkillers, antibiotics; 16 (35.6%) used TCM interventions(s); while seven respondents combined TCM with modern medicine. All respondents reported using at least one behavioural or medical approach to prevention, with 22.3% taking TCM and 5.3% taking modern medicines. No respondents reported having a critical condition related to COVID-19. CONCLUSION We found evidence of widespread use of infection control behaviours, modern medicines and TCM for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory symptoms. Larger scale studies are warranted, including a more representative sample exploring TCM preparations recommended in clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Lu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Xiang Zheng
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Xue
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- First Clinical College and affiliated hospital, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Han Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yan Jin
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Lan Pu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Di Lan
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Min Fang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Yao Kong
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary care, Population Science and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Research Design Service South Central, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Tabberer M, von Maltzahn R, Bacci ED, Karn H, Hsieh R, Howell TA, Bailes Z, Fowler A, Lee L, Murray LT. Measuring respiratory symptoms in moderate/severe asthma: evaluation of a respiratory symptom tool, the E-RS®: COPD in asthma populations. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:104. [PMID: 34632556 PMCID: PMC8502721 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Symptom constructs included in the Evaluating Respiratory Symptoms in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (E-RS®: COPD) tool may be relevant to patients with asthma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate content validity and psychometric performance of the E-RS: COPD in moderate/severe asthma patients. Methods Content validity of the E-RS: COPD was evaluated in patients with moderate/severe asthma using concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews. Secondary analyses using data from two clinical trials in patients with moderate/severe asthma evaluated the factor structure of the E-RS: COPD plus two supplementary items (wheeze; shortness of breath with strenuous physical activity) and assessed psychometric properties of the tool, which will be referred to as E-RS®: Asthma when used in asthma populations. Results Qualitative interviews (N = 25) achieved concept saturation for asthma respiratory symptoms. Concepts in the E-RS: COPD were relevant to patients and instructions were understood. Most patients (19/25; 76%) reported experiencing all concepts in the E-RS: COPD; no patients indicated missing symptoms. Secondary analyses of clinical trial data supported the original factor structure (RS-Total and three symptom-specific subscales). The two supplemental items did not fit with this factor structure and were not retained. RS-Total and subscale score reliability was high (internal consistency [α] > 0.70). Validity was demonstrated through significant (P < 0.0001) relationships with the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Asthma Symptom Severity scale. E-RS: Asthma was responsive to change when evaluated using SGRQ, Patient Global Impression of Change and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire as anchors (P < 0.0001). Clinically meaningful change thresholds were also identified (RS-Total: − 2.0 units). Conclusions The E-RS: Asthma is reliable and responsive for evaluating respiratory symptoms in patients with moderate/severe asthma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41687-021-00338-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Tabberer
- GSK House, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex, TW8 9GS, UK.
| | | | - Elizabeth D Bacci
- Evidera, Patient-Centered Research, 615 2nd Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Hayley Karn
- Evidera, Patient-Centered Research, 201 Talgarth Road, London, W6 8BJ, UK
| | - Ray Hsieh
- Evidera, Patient-Centered Research, 7101 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Timothy A Howell
- Evidera, Patient-Centered Research, 7101 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Zelie Bailes
- GSK House, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex, TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Andrew Fowler
- GSK House, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex, TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Laurie Lee
- GSK, 1250 S Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA
| | - Lindsey T Murray
- Evidera, Patient-Centered Research, 7101 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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Makki F, Boroomand Z, Mayahi M, Seyfi Abad Shapouri MR. Characterization of Newcastle disease virus in broiler flocks with respiratory symptoms in some provinces of Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7281-91. [PMID: 34623594 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newcastle disease, is one of the most important diseases of the poultry industry, has many economic losses. The aim of this study was to isolate and determine the molecular identity of Newcastle disease virus in 40 broiler flocks with respiratory symptoms in four provinces of Iran. METHODS AND RESULTS Samples of farms with respiratory symptoms were collected from different regions of Isfahan, East Azerbaijan, Golestan, and Khuzestan provinces and inoculated into 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. The Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the Newcastle disease virus in allantoic fluid. Of the 40 flocks, the virus was isolated and identified in 16 flocks. The PCR products of 16 isolates were sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was drawn. Accordingly, six isolates were in genotype II and ten isolates were in subgenotype VII.1.1 (VIId) of class II. CONCLUSION Both genotypes were present in all four provinces. The isolates of Khuzestan province showed the greatest diversity compared to the other three provinces. The similarity of isolates belonging to genotype II in this study was observed with Pakistan, China, and Nigeria, and other isolates were similar to previous isolates in Iran. Also, the highest amino acid sequence in the F-protein cleavage site was 112RRQKR/F117 for VII.1.1 (VIId) genotype isolates and 112GRQGR/L117 for II genotype isolates.
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