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Uzawa H, Akiyama K, Furuyama H, Takeuchi S, Nishida Y. Autonomic responses to aerobic and resistance exercise in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290061. [PMID: 37578955 PMCID: PMC10424875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) show autonomic dysregulation after exercise, and the interventional effects of exercise on the autonomic dysregulation have not been elucidated. The objectives of this study were to reveal acute autonomic responses after aerobic and resistance exercises and the interventional effects of both exercises on autonomic dysregulation in patients with CMP. METHODS A systematic search using nine electronic databases was performed based on three key search terms: "chronic musculoskeletal pain," "autonomic nervous system," and "exercise." Data were extracted from measurements of the autonomic nervous system and pain. RESULTS We found a total of 1170 articles; 17 were finally included, incorporating 12 observational and five interventional studies. Although a comparator has not been specified, healthy controls were compared to patients with CMP in observational studies. Three of five interventional studies were pre-post study with healthy controls as a comparator or no controls. The other two interventional studies were randomized controlled trial with a different treatment e.g., stretching. There were four good, 10 fair, and three poor-quality articles. The total number of participants was 617, of which 551 were female. There was high heterogeneity among the five disease conditions and nine outcome measures. Following one-time exposure to aerobic and resistance exercises, abnormal autonomic responses (sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal), which were absent in healthy controls, were observed in patients with CMP. The effects of aerobic and resistance exercise as long-term interventions were unclear since we identified both positive effects and no change in the autonomic activities in patients with CMP. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates dysfunctional autonomic responses following one-time exposure to exercise and inconsistent interventional effects in the autonomic activities in patients with CMP. Appropriate therapeutic dose is necessary for studying the management of autonomic regulation and pain after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Uzawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Akiyama
- Rehabilitation Center, International University of Health and Welfare Narita hospital, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furuyama
- Rehabilitation Center, International University of Health and Welfare Narita hospital, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinta Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishida
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
- Rehabilitation Center, International University of Health and Welfare Narita hospital, Narita, Chiba, Japan
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Cardiac autonomic responses to high-intensity kettlebell training in untrained young women: A pilot study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Casonatto J, Cavalari JV. A Single Dosage of l-Arginine Oral Supplementation Induced Post-Aerobic Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensive Patients. J Diet Suppl 2022; 20:735-748. [PMID: 35903950 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2022.2106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Lowering of peripheral vascular resistance is one of the primary processes involved in blood pressure decrease. Nitric oxide plays a significant role in this process and the availability of l-arginine is a crucial element in nitric oxide biosynthesis. Oral l-arginine supplementation may therefore be a potentiating element in post-exercise hypotension, mediated by its vasodilator action. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate if a single dose of l-arginine oral supplementation might impact the post-aerobic exercise blood pressure responses in treated hypertensive individuals. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial was conducted. The sample included male (4) and female (6) subjects [62 ± 10 years]. The participants were randomized to ingest one sachet containing 8 grams of l-arginine or placebo (corn starch) dissolved in water (100 ml). The substances were self-administered 120 min before the experimental or control session. The exercise was conducted on a treadmill and consisted of: a 5 min warm-up (50-65% HRreserve); 40 min of running/walking at 60-70% HRreserve; and a 5 min progressive cooldown. After the exercise sessions, blood pressure was measured every 10 min for 60 min. The l-arginine supplementation arm led to significant post-exercise systolic hypotension (mean post-exercise) in relation to rest period (117 ± 12 vs 125 ± 15 mmHg - p = 0.004 [l-arginine] and 121 ± 11 vs 125 ± 15 - p = 0.341 [placebo]). In addition, a systolic net effect of -6.9 ± 3.6 mmHg [p = 0.046] was identified for the mean post-exercise values. Therefore, this study showed that a single dosage of l-arginine oral supplementation induced post-aerobic exercise hypotension in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Casonatto
- Research Group in Physiology and Physical Activity, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João Vagner Cavalari
- Research Group in Physiology and Physical Activity, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
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Mat Pilates training and blood pressure reactivity responses to psychological stress: comparison between normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women. Blood Press Monit 2022; 27:297-304. [PMID: 35438081 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to compare resting blood pressure and blood pressure reactivity responses to psychological stress in normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women after 12 weeks of Mat Pilates training. METHODS Twenty-three hypertensive and 24 normotensive postmenopausal women, performed Mat Pilates training 3× a week for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, resting blood pressure, heart rate, and blood pressure reactivity to psychological stress through the electronic version of Stroop test protocol (3 minutes) were measured. We calculated the variation (Δ) of blood pressure (peak of blood pressure during the Stroop stress test minus resting blood pressure before test). RESULTS The two-way ANOVA showed that the Δ of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and the mean blood pressure was reduced (P < 0.05) after training only in the hypertensive. The resting systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures decreased by (P < 0.05) over time in both groups with no interaction or difference. CONCLUSION Mat Pilates was able to reduce resting blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive, and blood pressure reactivity after psychological stress in hypertensive but not in normotensive postmenopausal women.
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Heart Rate Variability Monitoring during a Padel Match. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063623. [PMID: 35329317 PMCID: PMC8953748 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Padel, an increasingly popular sport, presents some associated cardiovascular risks, which can be prevented by heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring. However, there is no study worldwide that characterizes HRV during padel games. Therefore, this study aims to monitor HRV responses and characterize them using linear and non-linear metrics at three timepoints: at baseline, during a game, and during recovery. Twenty-seven amateur participants had their HRV monitored before, during, and after a 90 min padel game. We extracted time, frequency, and non-linear measures with MATLAB for baseline, rest period, and at three periods of 5 min during the game. The differences in measures were assessed through an ANOVA. The autonomic modulation was affected by the padel match in amateur players. In this regard, the root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSsd), Poincaré plot (perpendicular standard deviation (SD1) and horizontal standard deviation (SD2)), sample entropy (SampEn), low frequencies (LF), and very low frequencies (VLF) were significantly reduced during the game, whereas alpha-2, high frequencies (HF), and the ratio between low and high frequencies (LF/HF) increased during the game. Furthermore, an abrupt change was found in the autonomic modulation between game and recovery assessments, which suggests the need to rethink the practices of cool-down protocols. The multiple timepoints analyzed during this study allow us to investigate the evolution of different HRV measures in the time, frequency, and non-linear domains, clarifying the interpretation of the variables, especially the less-investigated ones such as the non-linear measures.
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Day C, Wu Y, Pescatello LS. Evaluating the Methodological Quality of Postexercise Hypotension Aerobic Exercise Interventions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:851950. [PMID: 35360233 PMCID: PMC8960741 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.851950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPostexercise hypotension (PEH) is the immediate reduction in blood pressure (BP) of 5–8 mmHg that occurs after a single bout of aerobic exercise among adults with hypertension. Across PEH studies, there are variations in the level of rigor of the study designs and methods that limit the conclusions that can be made about PEH.ObjectiveTo develop and then apply a methodological study quality evaluation checklist to aerobic exercise PEH studies to provide methodological guidance.MethodsWe developed a PEH checklist (PEH√list) based upon contemporary methodological study quality standards. The PEH√list contains 38 items divided into three categories: sample (n = 10 items), study (n = 23 items), and intervention characteristics (n = 5 items). We then systematically searched six databases to January 2019 to identify and then evaluate studies that: (1) enrolled adults ≥18 years with hypertension and without other chronic diseases or conditions; (2) included a bout of aerobic exercise and a non-exercise control session; and (3) were published in English.ResultsOf 17,149 potential studies, 64 qualified. Participants (N = 1,489) were middle-aged (38.6 ± 15.6 year), overweight (26.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2) mostly men (64.4%) with elevated BP (systolic BP 129.5 ± 15.2/diastolic BP 81.0 ± 10.1 mmHg). Overall, the qualifying studies satisfactorily reported 53.9 ± 13.3% (24.2–82.8%) of the relevant items on the PEH√list. Of note, only 20.3% of the studies disclosed BP was measured following professional guidelines, 18.8% reported BP was taken by the same assessor pre- and post-intervention, and 35.5% stated participants abstained from caffeine, alcohol, and physical activity prior to testing. Half (51.5%) indicated they statistically controlled for pre-exercise/baseline BP. Meanwhile, 100% of the studies reported the setting in which the BP measurements were taken, time from the end of the exercise to the start of the BP measurements, and if relevant, the length of the ambulatory BP monitoring period.ConclusionOverall, the PEH√list items were not well satisfied; especially items with potential confounding effects on PEH. We contend the PEH√list provides guidance to investigators on the important methodological study considerations in PEH aerobic exercise studies that should be attended to in the future.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [#CRD42020221996].
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Day
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Christina Day,
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Linda S. Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Ye Y, Tong TK, Kong Z, Tao ED, Ying X, Nie J. Cardiac autonomic disturbance following sprint-interval exercise in untrained young males: Does exercise volume matter? J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:32-39. [PMID: 34987588 PMCID: PMC8689153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined the influences of the volume of all-out sprint-interval exercise (SIE) on acute post-exercise heart rate variability (HRV) recovery. Methods HRV recovery following a session of (i) 2 × 30-s SIE (SIE2), (ii) 4 × 30-s SIE (SIE4), and (iii) non-exercising control (CON) were compared in 15 untrained young males. Time domain [standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals, root mean square of successive R-R differences] and frequency domain [low frequency (0.04–0.14 Hz), high frequency (0.15–0.40 Hz)] measures of HRV were assessed every 20 min for 140 min after the exercise, and every hour during the first 4 h of actual sleep time at immediate night. All trials were scheduled at 19:00. Results In comparison to CON, both SIE2 and SIE4 attenuated the HRV markedly (p < 0.05), while the declined HRV restored progressively during recovery. Although the sprint repetitions of SIE4 was twice as that of SIE2, the declined HRV indices at corresponding time points during recovery were not different between the two trials (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the post-exercise HRV restoration in SIE2 appeared to be faster than that in SIE4. Regardless, nocturnal HRV measured within 10 h following the exercise was not different among the SIE and CON trials (p > 0.05). Conclusion Such findings suggest that the exercise volume of the SIE protocol may be a factor affecting the rate of removal of the cardiac autonomic disturbance following the exercise. In addition, rest for ∼10 h following either session of the SIE protocol appears to be appropriate for the cardiovascular system to recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Ye
- National Health Committee Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tomas K Tong
- Dr. Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Zhaowei Kong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Emma Dan Tao
- College of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Xiaohua Ying
- National Health Committee Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinlei Nie
- School of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao
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Barros JP, de Paula T, Mediano MFF, Rangel MVDS, Monteiro W, da Cunha FA, Farinatti P, Borges JP. The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure, Arterial Function, and Heart Rate Variability in Men Living With HIV. Front Physiol 2021; 12:685306. [PMID: 34335295 PMCID: PMC8320391 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.685306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the effects of acute cycling on blood pressure (BP), arterial function, and heart rate variability (HRV) in men living with HIV (MLHIV) using combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). METHODS Twelve MLHIV (48.7 ± 9.2 years; 25.2 ± 2.8 kg m-2) and 13 healthy controls (41.2 ± 9.9 years; 26.3 ± 2.9 kg m-2) performed a cycling bout (ES) (intensity: 50% oxygen uptake reserve; duration: time to achieve 150 kcal-MLHIV: 24.1 ± 5.5 vs. controls: 23.1 ± 3.0 min; p = 0.45), and a 20-min non-exercise session (NES). RESULTS At rest (p < 0.05), MLHIV presented higher brachial systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP: 123.2 ± 14.2/76.8 ± 6.3 vs. 114.3 ± 5.1/71.6 ± 2.6 mmHg) and central BP (cSBP/cDBP: 108.3 ± 9.3/76.5 ± 6.5 vs. 101.6 ± 4.9/71.3 ± 4.4 mmHg) vs. controls but lower absolute maximal oxygen uptake (2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.3 L min-1) and HRV indices reflecting overall/vagal modulation (SDNN: 24.8 ± 7.1 vs. 42.9 ± 21.3 ms; rMSSD: 20.5 ± 8.5 vs. 38.1 ± 22.8 ms; pNN50: 3.6 ± 4.2 vs. 13.6 ± 11.3%). DBP postexercise lowered in controls vs. MLHIV (∼4 mmHg, p < 0.001; ES: 0.6). Moreover, controls vs. MLHIV had greater reductions (p < 0.05) in augmentation index (-13.6 ± 13.7 vs. -3.1 ± 7.2% min-1; ES: 2.4), and HRV indices up to 5 min (rMSSD: -111.8 ± 32.1 vs. -75.9 ± 22.2 ms min-1; ES: 3.8; pNN50: -76.3 ± 28.3 vs. -19.0 ± 13.7% min-1; ES: 4.4). Within-group (ES vs. NES; p < 0.05) reductions occurred in controls for SBP (∼10 mmHg, 2 h), DBP (∼6 mmHg, 20, 30, and 70 min), cSBP (∼9 mmHg, 30 min), cDBP (∼7 mmHg, 30 and 70 min), augmentation index (∼10%, 30 min), and pNN50 (∼20%; up to 2 h), while in MLHIV only cSBP (∼6 mmHg, 70 min) and cDBP (∼4 mmHg, 30 min) decreased. Similar increases (up to 5 min) in heart rate (∼22 bpm) and decreases in SDNN (∼18 ms) and rMSSD (∼20 ms) occurred in both groups. CONCLUSION MLHIV under cART exhibited attenuated postexercise hypotension vs. healthy controls, which seemed to relate with impairments in vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Pereira Barros
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tainah de Paula
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Research and Education, National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Walace Monteiro
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Felipe Amorim da Cunha
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pereira Borges
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tebar WR, Ritti-Dias RM, Mota J, Saraiva BTC, Damato TM, Delfino LD, Farah BQ, Vanderlei LCM, Christofaro DGD. Relationship of Cardiac Autonomic Modulation with Cardiovascular Parameters in Adults, According to Body Mass Index and Physical Activity. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 14:975-983. [PMID: 33483920 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) and cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure and resting heart rate) in a sample of 256 adults, grouped by body mass index and sufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (≥150 min/week). The sample showed different cardiovascular parameters and CAM according to body mass index, but not according to physical activity. Adults who are overweight and physically active presented higher relationship between CAM and blood pressure than those who are insufficiently active, similarly to normal weight groups. Recommended levels of physical activity may play an important role in the relationship of HRV with cardiovascular parameters in overweight adults, regardless of sex, age, socioeconomic level, and central fat. Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03986879). Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Tebar
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Roberto Simonsen street, number 305, 19060-900, Campus de Presidente Prudente, city of Presidente Prudente, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Jorge Mota
- Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruna T C Saraiva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Roberto Simonsen street, number 305, 19060-900, Campus de Presidente Prudente, city of Presidente Prudente, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana M Damato
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Roberto Simonsen street, number 305, 19060-900, Campus de Presidente Prudente, city of Presidente Prudente, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro D Delfino
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Roberto Simonsen street, number 305, 19060-900, Campus de Presidente Prudente, city of Presidente Prudente, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Q Farah
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos M Vanderlei
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Roberto Simonsen street, number 305, 19060-900, Campus de Presidente Prudente, city of Presidente Prudente, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego G D Christofaro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Roberto Simonsen street, number 305, 19060-900, Campus de Presidente Prudente, city of Presidente Prudente, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Silva GAG, Santos JSFD, Dantas DDS, Fernandes ATDNSF, Lima ÍNDF. Physiological responses of incremental and endurance shuttle walk tests in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): narrative review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1754463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriely Azevêdo Gonçalo Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Juliana Simonelly Felix dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Diego de Souza Dantas
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | | | - Íllia Nadinne Dantas Florentino Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
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Tomeleri CM, Nunes JP, Souza MF, Gerage AM, Marcori A, Iarosz KC, Cardoso-Júnior CG, Cyrino ES. Resistance Exercise Order Does Not Affect the Magnitude and Duration of Postexercise Blood Pressure in Older Women. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:1062-1070. [PMID: 32205834 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tomeleri, CM, Nunes, JP, Souza, MF, Gerage, AM, Marcori, A, Iarosz, KC, Cardoso-Júnior, CG, and Cyrino, ES. Resistance exercise order does not affect the magnitude and duration of postexercise blood pressure in older women. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1062-1070, 2020-The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 2 resistance exercise order on postexercise blood pressure (BP) in trained nonhypertensive older women. Sixteen women (68.3 ± 3.3 years, 63.5 ± 11.6 kg, 157.5 ± 5.1 cm) performed 2 sessions with 8 exercises (3 sets of 8-12 repetitions) in distinct orders (from multi- to single-joint exercises [MS] or from single- to multijoint exercises [SM]) and a control session (CS), without exercise. Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were obtained pre- and postsessions (60 minutes). Postexercise hypotension was observed for systolic BP (SBP) and mean BP in both the MS session (SBP: -6.9 mm Hg, mean BP: -3.3 mm Hg, p ≤ 0.05) and SM session (SBP: -4.6 mm Hg; mean BP: -1.1 mm Hg). Postexercise HR was higher than presession values until 30 minutes of recovery in both training sessions. Furthermore, SBP and mean BP, and HR were lower than the values obtained in the CS (30-60 minutes and 0 minutes, respectively; p ≤ 0.05). There were no differences between the SM and MS sessions in any variable or at any moment. In conclusion, resistance exercise order does not interfere in the magnitude and duration of postexercise hypotension in trained nonhypertensive older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crisieli M Tomeleri
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Nunes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mariana F Souza
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Aline Mendes Gerage
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Marcori
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Kessi Cassiane Iarosz
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Crivaldo Gomes Cardoso-Júnior
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil; and
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil; and
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Citrulline malate supplementation might potentiate post-exercise hypotension in hypertensives: A 24-hour analysis. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Casonatto J, Zago DM, Enokida DM, Grandolfi K, Aguiar AF. L-ARGININE SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVES POST-EXERCISE HYPOTENSION IN ELDERLY WOMEN. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220192504182865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: L-Arginine supplementation increases plasma levels of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, an important mediator of peripheral dilatation. Therefore, L-Arginine supplementation can improve the duration and magnitude of post-exercise hypotension. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of L-Arginine supplementation on post-exercise hypotension, femoral artery area and heart rate variability in elderly women. Methods: Twenty prehypertensive and hypertensive adult female participants were divided (in a random and balanced manner) into two groups (placebo and L-arginine). The participants ingested eight grams of inert substance (placebo group) or eight grams of L-Arginine (L-arginine group), dissolved in water, 90 min prior to the experimental session. The experimental session consisted of an isokinetic maximal strength test. Blood pressure was measured using an oscillometric device (Omron MX3 Plus, Bannockburn, US) every 10 minutes for 60 minutes after the experimental session. Femoral artery area (ultrasound) and heart rate variability were also analyzed. Data underwent repeated measures (ANOVA) analysis and respective assumptions. Results: L-Arginine supplementation associated with exercise produced a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure [placebo vs L-Arginine] (p <0.05) at the “half-life” time point (90 minutes after supplementation) (141±12 vs 130±11 mmHg) and 40 min. (146±13 vs 127±13 mmHg), 50 min. (145±20 vs 127±15 mmHg) and 60 min. (147±19 vs 129±14mmHg) post-exercise. No significant differences were identified in femoral artery area and heart rate variability. Conclusion: Acute L-Arginine supplementation can increase post-exercise hypotension effects in elderly women. Additionally, acute L-Arginine supplementation is not related to either femoral artery area or heart rate variability responses. Level of evidence I; Randomized clinical trial.
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Casonatto J, Enokida DM, Grandolfi K. Inter-Individual Responses to Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensives: A 24-Hour Analysis. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 113:218-228. [PMID: 31291417 PMCID: PMC6777875 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have persuasively demonstrated that citrulline has a key role in the
arginine-nitric oxide system, increasing nitric oxide bioavailability, an
important mediator of peripheral vasodilation. Objective To analyze the inter-individual post-exercise hypotension responsiveness
following acute citrulline supplementation in hypertensives. Methods Forty hypertensives were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental
groups (control-placebo, control-citrulline, exercise-placebo, and
exercise-citrulline). They ingested placebo or citrulline malate [CM] (6
grams). During the exercise session, individuals performed 40 minutes of
walking/running on a treadmill at 60-70% of HR reserve. For the control
session, the individuals remained seated at rest for 40 minutes. Office
blood pressure (BP) was taken every 10 minutes until completing 60 minutes
after the experimental session. The ambulatory BP device was programmed to
take the readings every 20 minutes (awake time) and every 30 minutes (sleep
time) over the course of 24 hours of monitoring. Statistical significance
was defined as p < 0.05. Results Unlike the other experimental groups, there were no “non-responders” in the
exercise/citrulline (EC) for “awake” (systolic and diastolic BP) and “24
hours” (diastolic BP). The effect sizes were more consistent in the EC for
systolic and diastolic ambulatorial BP response. The effects were “large”
(> 0.8) for “awake”, “asleep”, and “24 hours” only in the EC for
diastolic BP. Conclusion CM supplementation can increase the post-exercise hypotensive effects in
hypertensives. In addition, the prevalence of non-responders is lower when
associated with aerobic exercise and CM supplementation.
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Abellán-Aynés O, López-Plaza D, Alacid F, Naranjo-Orellana J, Manonelles P. Recovery of Heart Rate Variability After Exercise Under Hot Conditions: The Effect of Relative Humidity. Wilderness Environ Med 2019; 30:260-267. [PMID: 31248817 DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to analyze changes in heart rate variability (HRV) during exercise in hot environments and recovery to baseline values depending on relative humidity. METHODS Ten recreational runners participated in this study. Each participant performed 2 trials consisting of 30 min of continuous running under hot and dry (HD) (38°C and 28% relative humidity) and hot and humid (HH) conditions (38°C and 64% relative humidity) at their common 10 km race-running rhythm. HRV and body mass were assessed pre- and post-trial; the rating of perceived exertion and HRV were assessed during the trial; and HRV measurements were repeated 2, 4, 8, and 24 h postexercise. Primary HRV outcomes were root mean square of the successive differences, high frequency power, stress score, and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio. One-way analysis of variance testing was used to analyze differences. RESULTS No significant difference in body mass occurred across the different conditions or distances covered (P>0.05). Rating of perceived exertion presented the highest correlation values with stress score (r=0.729 for HD; r=0.568 for HH) and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio (r=0.621 for HD; r=0.519 for HH) during exercise. HRV recovered to baseline values more quickly after exercising under dry conditions (4 h) than under humid conditions (between 8 and 24 h). CONCLUSIONS Stress score and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio seem to be the best HRV predictors of internal load. Although there are no differences in HRV during recovery at the same time points in both conditions, the recovery is slower after exercise in HH than in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Abellán-Aynés
- Department of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Daniel López-Plaza
- Department of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Alacid
- Department of Education, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Manonelles
- Department of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Akbaş E, Ünver B, Erdem E. Acute Effects of Connective Tissue Manipulation on Autonomic Function in Healthy Young Women. Complement Med Res 2019; 26:250-257. [DOI: 10.1159/000497618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Connective tissue manipulation (CTM) has therapeutic effects on diseases with autonomic imbalance, yet its mechanisms of action are not clearly identified. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate acute autonomic responses to CTM in healthy young women with various physical activity levels. Method: The study was designed as a nonrandomized, controlled single-center study. Healthy women aged between 18 and 25 years were assigned to a connective tissue manipulation group (CTMG) (n = 150) or a control group (CG) (n = 60). CTM was applied to the CTMG while the CG did not receive any intervention. Respiratory rate (RR), heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressures (SP/DP), oxygen saturation (OS) and body temperature were measured. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form was used to determine physical activity levels. Results: Analysis revealed significant reduction in SP and DP and an increment in RR in the CTMG (p < 0.05). RR increased and SP decreased among inactive, SP decreased among moderately active, and SP and OS decreased among highly active participants in the CTMG (p < 0.05). There were no significant alterations in the CG (p > 0.05). Conclusions: CTM has an immediate reducing effect on sympathetic activity in healthy young women independently from the physical activity level. Future studies are needed to clarify long-term effects of CTM on autonomic functions in healthy individuals.
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Orellana JN, Nieto-Jiménez C, Ruso-Álvarez JF. Recovery Slope of Heart Rate Variability as an Indicator of Internal Training Load. Health (London) 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2019.112019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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GRANDOLFI K, CAVALARI JV, GÓES RC, POLITO MD, CASONATTO J. Acute citrulline oral supplementation induces greater post-exercise hypotension response in hypertensive than normotensive individuals. REV NUTR 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652018000600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To investigate whether acute citrulline supplementation might influence post-exercise hypotension in normotensive and hypertensive individuals. Methods Following a randomized double-blind design, twenty normotensive (28±7 years, 74±17kg, 1.7±0.09m) and 20 hypertensive individuals (55±12 years, 76±15kg, 1.59±0.09m) were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental groups (Normotensive-Placebo; Normotensive-Citrulline; Hypertensive-Placebo; Hypertensive-Citrulline). The placebo groups ingested 6g of corn starch and the citrulline groups ingested 6g of citrulline dissolved in water. The participants performed 40 minutes of walking/running on a treadmill at 60-70% heart rate reserve. Blood pressure was measured immediately after a 60-min exercise session using an oscillometric device and 24-h ambulatory monitoring. Results The post-exercise hypotension was more pronounced in hypertensives and the Hypertensive-Citrulline group showed a consistent systolic blood pressure reduction during the laboratorial phase, which can be seen by looking at the mean of 60 minutes (-15.01mmHg vs -3.14mmHg [P=0.005]; -4.16mmHg [P=0.009]; -6.30mmHg [P=0.033] in comparison with the Normotensive-Placebo, Normotensive-Citrulline, and Hypertensive-Placebo groups, respectively). During ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, the Hypertensive-Citrulline group showed a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (-21.05mmHg) in the awake period compared with the Normotensive-Citrulline group (-3.17mmHg [P=0.010]). Conclusion Acute citrulline oral supplementation can induce greater post-exercise hypotension response in hypertensive than normotensive individuals.
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Leite MR, Ramos EMC, Freire APCF, de Alencar Silva BS, Nicolino J, Vanderlei LCM, Ramos D. Analysis of Autonomic Modulation in Response to a Session of Aerobic Exercise at Different Intensities in Patients With Moderate and Severe COPD. COPD 2018; 15:245-253. [PMID: 30375894 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2018.1529744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the many benefits of performing physical exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), information on the response of acute cardiac autonomic modulation in subjects with moderate and severe COPD during and after an aerobic exercise session at different intensities is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with moderate and severe COPD during and after an aerobic exercise session at different intensities. Twenty-seven patients with COPD, divided into: Moderate Group and Severe Group, underwent an aerobic exercise sessions with intensities equivalent to 60% and 90% of velocity corresponding to peak oxygen consumption. The heart rate variability (HRV) indices were analyzed in the time and frequency domains at the following times: at rest, during exercise, immediately after, and 5, 10, and 15 minutes after exercise. In the comparison analysis between the two groups, no differences were observed in any of the HRV indices at different intensities applied. However, it was observed that the exercise caused autonomic changes when the groups were analyzed separately. Sessions of aerobic exercise influence the autonomic modulation in patients with COPD. However, COPD severity did not influence the autonomic nervous system response to exercise and recovery moments; and there was no difference between the exercise intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marceli Rocha Leite
- a Department of Physiotherapy , Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Ercy Mara Cipulo Ramos
- a Department of Physiotherapy , Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Nicolino
- a Department of Physiotherapy , Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Dionei Ramos
- a Department of Physiotherapy , Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
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Effects of aerobic exercise intensity on ambulatory blood pressure and vascular responses in resistant hypertension: a crossover trial. J Hypertens 2017; 34:1317-24. [PMID: 27137175 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistant hypertension often exposes patients to poor blood pressure (BP) control, resulting in clinical vulnerability, possible need for device-based procedures (denervation) and increased therapy costs. Regular exercise markedly benefits patients with hypertension, including resistant patients. However, little is known about short-term exercise effects in resistant hypertension. OBJECTIVE To evaluate acute hemodynamic effects of exercise in resistant hypertension. METHOD After maximal exercise testing, 20 patients (54.0 ± 5.7 years, 30.2 ± 4.9 kg/m) with resistant hypertension participated in three crossover interventions, in random order, and on separate days: control (45' of rest), and light intensity and moderate intensity (45' of aerobic exercise at 50 and 75% of maximum heart rate, respectively). Ambulatory BP, forearm blood flow (with subsequent calculation of vascular resistance), and reactive hyperemia were measured before and after interventions trough venous occlusion plethysmography. RESULTS Compared with control, both exercise intensities reduced ambulatory systolic pressure over 5 h (light: -7.7 ± 2.4 mmHg and moderate: -9.4 ± 2.8 mmHg, P < 0.01), whereas only light intensity reduced diastolic pressure (-5.7 ± 2.2 mmHg, P < 0.01). Light intensity also lowered systolic and diastolic pressures over 10-h daytime (-3.8 ± 1.3 and -4.0 ± 1.3 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.02), night-time (-6.0 ± 2.4 and -6.1 ± 1.6 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.05), and diastolic pressure over 19 h (-4.8 ± 1.2 mmHg, P < 0.01). Forearm blood flow changed (decreased) compared with baseline only at 50 min after light intensity (P < 0.05). After the control and light intensity sessions, vascular resistance increased at the end of 1 h, and after moderate intensity, it decreased only at the moment (∼2 min) immediately after intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A single session of light or moderate aerobic exercise acutely reduces ambulatory BP in resistant hypertension, although benefits persist longer following light intensity.
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Prazeres TMPD, Correia MDA, Cucato GG, Gomes CC, Ritti-Dias RM. Cardiovascular responses during resistance exercise after an aerobic session. Braz J Phys Ther 2017; 21:329-335. [PMID: 28736212 PMCID: PMC5628370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diastolic and mean BP were higher during resistance exercise after aerobic exercise. Peak heart rate values were higher during resistance exercise after aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise before resistance exercise promoted higher cardiovascular work.
Objective To analyze the influence of previous aerobic exercise on cardiovascular responses during resistance exercise. Methods This is a crossover observational study. The sample included 19 normotensive men aged between 19 and 39 years. Subjects performed two experimental sessions in random order: resistance exercise (R: three sets of knee extension exercises with 40% of one repetition maximum) and aerobic exercise + resistance exercise (A + R: 30 min of aerobic exercise followed by R protocol). In both sessions, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were monitored beat-by-beat by finger photoplethysmography. Results After aerobic exercise in the A + R session, there was a maintenance of systolic BP −2 (95% CI: −6; 2) mmHg (P = 0.35), diastolic 1 (95% CI: −2; 5) mmHg (P = 0.40) and mean BP 0 (95% CI: −4; 4) mmHg (P = 0.91) and an increase in heart rate 11 (95% CI: 7; 16) bpm (P < 0.001). Diastolic and mean BP increased and peak heart rate was higher during resistance exercise in the A + R session compared to the R session. Differences between sessions: diastolic BP 7 (95% CI: 2; 12) mmHg (P = 0.03); mean BP 8 (95% CI: 2; 13) mmHg (P = 0.05); and peak heart rate 18 (95% CI: 13; 23) bpm (P < 0.001). The increases in systolic BP during resistance exercise were similar between sessions 16 (95% CI: 6; 26) mmHg (P = 0.43). Conclusion Aerobic exercise before resistance exercise increased diastolic and mean BP and heart rate. However, due to the sample size of 19 individuals, the results must be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marilia De Almeida Correia
- Programa Associado de Pós-graduação em Educação Física, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Crivaldo Cardoso Gomes
- Centro de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Longer exercise duration delays post-exercise recovery of cardiac parasympathetic but not sympathetic indices. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:1897-1906. [PMID: 28702808 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated non-invasive indices of post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation (using heart rate variability, HRV) and sympathetic withdrawal (using systolic time intervals, STI) following different exercise durations. METHODS 13 healthy males (age 26.4 ± 4.7 years) cycled at 70% heart rate (HR) reserve for two durations-8 min (SHORT) and 32 min (LONG)-on separate occasions: HRV (including natural logarithm of root mean square of successive differences, Ln-RMSSD) and STI (including pre-ejection period, PEP) were assessed throughout 10 min seated recovery. RESULTS Exercise HR was similar between SHORT and LONG (146 ± 7 and 147 ± 6 b min-1, respectively; p = 0.173), as was HR deceleration during 10 min recovery (p = 0.199). HR remained elevated above baseline (p < 0.001) throughout recovery for both trials (SHORT 82 ± 13 b min-1; LONG 86 ± 10 b min-1, at 10 min post-exercise). Ln-RMSSD was similar at end-exercise between trials (SHORT 1.10 ± 0.30 ms; LONG 1.05 ± 0.73 ms; p = 0.656), though it recovered more rapidly following SHORT (p = 0.010), with differences apparent from 1 min (SHORT 2.29 ± 1.08 ms; LONG 1.85 ± 0.82 ms; p = 0.005) to 10 min post-exercise (SHORT 2.89 ± 0.80 ms; LONG 2.46 ± 0.70 ms; p = 0.007). Ln-RMSSD remained suppressed below baseline throughout recovery following both trials (p < 0.001). PEP was the same at end exercise for both trials (70 ± 6 ms), with exercise duration having no effect on recovery (p = 0.659). By 10 min post-exercise, PEP increased to 130 ± 21 ms (SHORT) and 131 ± 20 ms (LONG), which was similar to baseline (p ≥ 0.143). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged exercise duration attenuated the recovery of HRV indices of parasympathetic reactivation, but did not influence STI indices of sympathetic withdrawal. Therefore, duration must be considered when investigating post-exercise HRV. Monitoring these measures simultaneously can provide insights not revealed by underlying HR or either measure alone.
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Recovery of heart rate variability after treadmill exercise analyzed by lagged Poincaré plot and spectral characteristics. Med Biol Eng Comput 2017; 56:221-231. [PMID: 28699055 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-017-1682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the recovery of heart rate variability (HRV) after treadmill exercise and to investigate the autonomic nervous system response after exercise. Frequency domain indices, i.e., LF(ms2), HF(ms2), LF(n.u.), HF(n.u.) and LF/HF, and lagged Poincaré plot width (SD1 m ) and length (SD2 m ) were introduced for comparison between the baseline period (Pre-E) before treadmill running and two periods after treadmill running (Post-E1 and Post-E2). The correlations between lagged Poincaré plot indices and frequency domain indices were applied to reveal the long-range correlation between linear and nonlinear indices during the recovery of HRV. The results suggested entirely attenuated autonomic nervous activity to the heart following the treadmill exercise. After the treadmill running, the sympathetic nerves achieved dominance and the parasympathetic activity was suppressed, which lasted for more than 4 min. The correlation coefficients between lagged Poincaré plot indices and spectral power indices could separate not only Pre-E and two sessions after the treadmill running, but also the two sessions in recovery periods, i.e., Post-E1 and Post-E2. Lagged Poincaré plot as an innovative nonlinear method showed a better performance over linear frequency domain analysis and conventional nonlinear Poincaré plot.
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Costa HA, Silva-Filho AC, Dias CJ, Martins VA, Mendes T, Rabelo A, Navarro F, Silami-Garcia E, Mostarda C, Sevílio M. Cardiovascular Response of an Acute Exergame Session in Prepubertal Obese Children. Games Health J 2017. [PMID: 28628383 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2016.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to analyze the acute autonomic response of obese and eutrophic prepubertal boys to an exergame (EXG) session. MATERIALS AND METHOD Nine eutrophic (8.89 ± 2.71 years of age and 16.42% ± 6.30% body fat) and nine obese boys (8.70 ± 1.16 years of age and 40.76% ± 4.2% body fat) participated. Nutritional state was determined using World Health Organization guidelines. Variables were collected at rest, immediately post (IP), and 60 minutes after a 20 minutes EXG session. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity was assessed using heart rate variability in time and frequency domains, and data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA tests with Tukey post hoc. RESULTS The obese group demonstrated an increased sympathetic activity at rest when compared with the eutrophic group (P < 0.05). The obese group also demonstrated an increased parasympathetic activity 60 minutes after the EXG session when compared with the eutrophic group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We concluded that an acute session of EXG promoted ANS super compensation. We encourage research on chronic ANS response to EXG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herikson Araújo Costa
- 1 Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , Campus Pinheiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Silva-Filho
- 2 Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise - LACORE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil. Brazil
| | - Carlos José Dias
- 1 Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , Campus Pinheiro, Brazil .,2 Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise - LACORE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil. Brazil
| | - Vicenilma Andrade Martins
- 3 Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde do Adulto e da Criança, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil. Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendes
- 1 Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , Campus Pinheiro, Brazil
| | - André Rabelo
- 1 Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , Campus Pinheiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco Navarro
- 4 Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil
| | - Emerson Silami-Garcia
- 4 Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Mostarda
- 2 Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise - LACORE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil. Brazil .,4 Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil
| | - Mario Sevílio
- 4 Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Brazil
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Michael S, Graham KS, Davis GM. Cardiac Autonomic Responses during Exercise and Post-exercise Recovery Using Heart Rate Variability and Systolic Time Intervals-A Review. Front Physiol 2017; 8:301. [PMID: 28611675 PMCID: PMC5447093 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac parasympathetic activity may be non-invasively investigated using heart rate variability (HRV), although HRV is not widely accepted to reflect sympathetic activity. Instead, cardiac sympathetic activity may be investigated using systolic time intervals (STI), such as the pre-ejection period. Although these autonomic indices are typically measured during rest, the “reactivity hypothesis” suggests that investigating responses to a stressor (e.g., exercise) may be a valuable monitoring approach in clinical and high-performance settings. However, when interpreting these indices it is important to consider how the exercise dose itself (i.e., intensity, duration, and modality) may influence the response. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to review the literature regarding how the exercise dosage influences these autonomic indices during exercise and acute post-exercise recovery. There are substantial methodological variations throughout the literature regarding HRV responses to exercise, in terms of exercise protocols and HRV analysis techniques. Exercise intensity is the primary factor influencing HRV, with a greater intensity eliciting a lower HRV during exercise up to moderate-high intensity, with minimal change observed as intensity is increased further. Post-exercise, a greater preceding intensity is associated with a slower HRV recovery, although the dose-response remains unclear. A longer exercise duration has been reported to elicit a lower HRV only during low-moderate intensity and when accompanied by cardiovascular drift, while a small number of studies have reported conflicting results regarding whether a longer duration delays HRV recovery. “Modality” has been defined multiple ways, with limited evidence suggesting exercise of a greater muscle mass and/or energy expenditure may delay HRV recovery. STI responses during exercise and recovery have seldom been reported, although limited data suggests that intensity is a key determining factor. Concurrent monitoring of HRV and STI may be a valuable non-invasive approach to investigate autonomic stress reactivity; however, this integrative approach has not yet been applied with regards to exercise stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Michael
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenneth S Graham
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia.,New South Wales Institute of SportSydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen M Davis
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
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After-exercise heart rate variability is attenuated in postmenopausal women and unaffected by estrogen therapy. Menopause 2016; 23:390-5. [PMID: 26694735 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Delayed heart rate (HR) recovery in the immediate postexercise period has been linked to adverse cardiovascular prognosis. The after effects of an acute bout of exercise on HR modulation in postmenopausal women (PMW) and the influence of estrogen therapy are unknown. METHODS In 13 sedentary PMW (54 ± 2 y, mean ± SEM), we assessed HR variability (HRV)--an index of HR modulation--and the influence of estrogen therapy on HRV. HRV in the frequency domain was quantified during supine rest and again 60 minutes after treadmill exercise for 45 minutes, at 60% VO2peak. PMW were studied before and after 4 weeks of oral estradiol. To obtain reference values for the after effects of exercise on HRV in healthy young women, 14 premenopausal women (PreM) completed the identical exercise protocol. RESULTS Compared with PreM, PMW demonstrated lower high frequency (vagal modulation) and total HRV (P < 0.05) at rest. In PreM, all HRV values were similar before and after exercise. In contrast, in PMW after exercise, despite having identical HR to PreM, high frequency and total HRV were all lower (all P ≤ 0.01) compared with pre-exercise HRV values. Estrogen therapy had no effect on pre or postexercise values for HRV. CONCLUSIONS When compared with PreM, PMW have identical HR, but lower vagal HR modulation at rest and delayed HRV recovery after exercise. Estrogen does not restore baseline HRV or accelerate HRV recovery postexercise, suggesting aging rather than estrogen deficiency per se may lower HRV in PMW.
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Michael S, Jay O, Halaki M, Graham K, Davis GM. Submaximal exercise intensity modulates acute post-exercise heart rate variability. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:697-706. [PMID: 26781711 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated whether short-term heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to differentiate between the immediate recovery periods following three different intensities of preceding exercise. METHODS 12 males cycled for 8 min at three intensities: LOW (40-45 %), MOD (75-80 %) and HIGH (90-95 %) of heart rate (HR) reserve. HRV was assessed during exercise and throughout 10-min seated recovery. RESULTS 1-min HR recovery was reduced following greater exercise intensities when expressed as R-R interval (RRI, ms) (p < 0.001), but not b min(-1) (p = 0.217). During exercise, the natural logarithm of root mean square of successive differences (Ln-RMSSD) was higher during LOW (1.66 ± 0.47 ms) relative to MOD (1.14 ± 0.32 ms) and HIGH (1.30 ± 0.25 ms) (p ≤ 0.037). Similar results were observed for high-frequency spectra (Ln-HF-LOW: 2.9 ± 1.0; MOD: 1.6 ± 0.6; HIGH: 1.6 ± 0.3 ms(2), p < 0.001). By 1-min recovery, higher preceding exercise intensities resulted in lower HRV amongst all three intensities for Ln-RMSSD (LOW: 3.45 ± 0.58; MOD: 2.34 ± 0.81; HIGH: 1.66 ± 0.78 ms, p < 0.001) and Ln-HF (LOW: 6.0 ± 1.0; MOD: 4.3 ± 1.4; HIGH: 2.8 ± 1.4 ms(2), p < 0.001). Similarly, by 1-min recovery 'HR-corrected' HRV (Ln-RMSSD: RRI × 10(3)) was different amongst all three intensities (LOW: 3.64 ± 0.49; MOD: 2.90 ± 0.65; HIGH: 2.40 ± 0.67, p < 0.001). These differences were maintained throughout 10-min recovery (p ≤ 0.027). CONCLUSION Preceding exercise intensity has a graded effect on recovery HRV measures reflecting cardiac vagal activity, even after correcting for the underlying HR. The immediate recovery following exercise is a potentially useful period to investigate autonomic activity, as multiple levels of autonomic activity can be clearly differentiated between using HRV. When investigating post-exercise HRV it is critical to account for the relative exercise intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Michael
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, C103, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia.
| | - Ollie Jay
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, C103, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia
| | - Mark Halaki
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, C103, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia
| | - Kenneth Graham
- New South Wales Institute of Sport, Sydney Olympic Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen M Davis
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, C103, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, NSW, 2141, Australia
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Brito AF, Silva AS, Souza ILL, Pereira JC, Silva BAD. Intensity of swimming exercise influences aortic reactivity in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:996-1003. [PMID: 26397974 PMCID: PMC4671526 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is known to cause a vasodilatory response; however, the correlation between
the vasorelaxant response and different training intensities has not been
investigated. Therefore, this study evaluated the vascular reactivity and lipid
peroxidation after different intensities of swimming exercise in rats. Male Wistar
rats (aged 8 weeks; 250-300 g) underwent forced swimming for 1 h whilst tied to loads
of 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8% of their body weight, respectively (groups G3, G4, G5, G6 and
G8, respectively; n=5 each). Immediately after the test, the aorta was removed and
suspended in an organ bath. Cumulative relaxation in response to acetylcholine
(10−12-10−4 M) and contraction in response to phenylephrine
(10−12-10−5 M) were measured. Oxidative stress was estimated
by determining malondialdehyde concentration. The percentages of aorta relaxation
were significantly higher in G3 (7.9±0.20), G4 (7.8±0.29), and G5 (7.9±0.21),
compared to the control group (7.2±0.04), while relaxation in the G6 (7.4±0.25) and
G8 (7.0±0.06) groups was similar to the control group. In contrast, the percentage of
contraction was significantly higher in G6 (8.8 ±0.1) and G8 (9.7±0.29) compared to
the control (7.1±0.1), G3 (7.3±0.2), G4 (7.2±0.1) and G5 (7.2±0.2%) groups. Lipid
peroxidation levels in the aorta were similar to control levels in G3, G4 and G5, but
higher in G6 and G8, and significantly higher in G8 (one-way ANOVA). These results
indicate a reduction in vasorelaxing activity and an increase in contractile activity
in rat aortas after high-intensity exercise, followed by an increase in lipid
peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Brito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - A S Silva
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - I L L Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - J C Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - B A da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brasil
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Ribeiro LRG, Mesquita RB, Vidotto LS, Merli MF, Carvalho DR, de Castro LA, Probst VS. Are 30 minutes of rest between two incremental shuttle walking tests enough for cardiovascular variables and perceived exertion to return to baseline values? Braz J Phys Ther 2015; 19:105-13. [PMID: 25789556 PMCID: PMC4481830 DOI: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To verify whether 30 minutes of rest between two incremental shuttle walking
tests (ISWT) are enough for cardiovascular variables and perceived exertion to
return to baseline values in healthy subjects in a broad age range. Method: The maximal exercise capacity of 334 apparently healthy subjects (age ≥18) was
evaluated using the ISWT. The test was performed twice with 30 minutes of rest in
between. Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (ABP), dyspnea, and leg fatigue
were evaluated before and after each test. Subjects were allocated to 6 groups
according to their age: G1: 18-29 years; G2: 30-39 years; G3: 40-49 years; G4:
50-59 years; G5: 60-69 years and G6: ≥70 years. Results: All groups had a good performance in the ISWT (median >90% of the predicted
distance). The initial HR (HRi) of the second ISWT was higher than the first ISWT
in the total sample (p<0.0001), as well as in all groups (p<0.0001). No
difference was observed in the behavior of ABP (systolic and diastolic) and
dyspnea between the two tests, but this difference occurred for leg fatigue
(greater before the second ISWT) in G1 (p<0.05). Most subjects (58%) performed
better in the second test. Conclusion: 30 minutes of rest between two ISWTs are not enough for all cardiovascular
variables and perceived exertion to return to baseline values. However, this
period appears to be sufficient for blood pressure and performance to recover in
most subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís R G Ribeiro
- Centro de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Mesquita
- Centro de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Laís S Vidotto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Myriam F Merli
- Centro de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Débora R Carvalho
- Centro de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa A de Castro
- Centro de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Probst
- Centro de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Nicolino J, Ramos D, Leite MR, Rodrigues FMM, de Alencar Silva BS, Tacao GY, de Toledo AC, Vanderlei LCM, Ramos EMC. Analysis of autonomic modulation after an acute session of resistance exercise at different intensities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:223-9. [PMID: 25673982 PMCID: PMC4321648 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s64345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Physical exercises are employed as part of the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however information regarding cardiac autonomic modulation after an acute session of resistance exercise (RE) is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac autonomic modulation, via heart rate variability after an acute session of RE applied at different intensities in COPD patients. Patients and methods Twelve COPD patients underwent an acute session of RE with an intensity of 60% and another of 90% of the one repetition maximum test. For analysis of autonomic modulation, heart rate was recorded beat-by-beat for 20 minutes at rest and after the training session. Heart rate variability indexes were obtained in the time and frequency domains for the assessment of autonomic modulation. Results Regardless of exercise intensity, RE acute sessions influenced the autonomic modulation when the recovery period was compared with the baseline. An increase in standard deviation of normal to normal RR intervals was observed throughout recovery time after the RE, as compared to baseline in both protocols: 60% and 90% of the one repetition maximum test. The spectral component of low frequency index (ms) was higher throughout recovery when compared to baseline in both protocols. The same was also observed in the spectral component of high frequency index (ms) for the protocols of 60% and 90%. Conclusion RE sessions impact on the autonomic modulation of COPD patients by promoting differences in the recovery period compared to baseline, regardless of the intensity of the exercise performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Nicolino
- Department of Physiotherapy, Paulista State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dionei Ramos
- Department of Physiotherapy, Paulista State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marceli Rocha Leite
- Department of Physiotherapy, Paulista State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Yassuyuki Tacao
- Department of Physiotherapy, Paulista State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ercy Mara Cipulo Ramos
- Department of Physiotherapy, Paulista State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fairbrother K, Cartner B, Alley JR, Curry CD, Dickinson DL, Morris DM, Collier SR. Effects of exercise timing on sleep architecture and nocturnal blood pressure in prehypertensives. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2014; 10:691-8. [PMID: 25540588 PMCID: PMC4270305 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s73688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During nocturnal sleep, blood pressure (BP) “dips” compared to diurnal BP, reducing stress on the cardiovascular system. Both the hypotensive response elicited by acute aerobic exercise and sleep quality can impact this dipping response. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise timing on circadian BP changes and sleep architecture. Materials and methods Twenty prehypertensive subjects completed the study. During four test sessions, participants first completed a graded exercise test to exhaustion and then performed 30 minutes of treadmill exercise at 7 am (7A), 1 pm (1P), and 7 pm (7P) in a random, counterbalanced order at 65% of the heart rate obtained at peak oxygen uptake. An ambulatory cuff was used to monitor BP responses during 24 hours following exercise, and an ambulatory sleep-monitoring headband was worn during sleep following each session. Results Aerobic exercise at 7A invoked a greater dip in nocturnal systolic BP than exercise at 1P or 7P, although the greatest dip in nocturnal diastolic BP occurred following 7P. Compared to 1P, 7A also invoked greater time spent in deep sleep. Conclusion These data indicate that early morning may be the most beneficial time to engage in aerobic exercise to enhance nocturnal BP changes and quality of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Fairbrother
- Vascular Biology and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Ben Cartner
- Vascular Biology and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Jessica R Alley
- Vascular Biology and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Chelsea D Curry
- Vascular Biology and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - David L Dickinson
- Department of Economics, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - David M Morris
- Vascular Biology and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Scott R Collier
- Vascular Biology and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
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Rocha-e-Silva M. Cardiovascular research in CLINICS. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013; 68:727-31. [PMID: 23778482 PMCID: PMC3674271 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2013(06)01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Leti T, Bricout VA. Interest of analyses of heart rate variability in the prevention of fatigue states in senior runners. Auton Neurosci 2013; 173:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gomes AM, Rocha-e-Silva M. Exercise and its interactions with various aspects of man and animal lives. ACTA ORTOPEDICA BRASILEIRA 2012; 20:356-66. [PMID: 24453632 PMCID: PMC3861955 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-78522012000600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
To review recently published papers in the Brazilian Scientific press on the general subject of physical exercise. All articles published in 2010/2011 found through the keyword exercise were collected from 11 Brazilian Journals. They were hand filtered to exclude all but original research papers. They were grouped according to subject categories and subcategories. A brief summary of all included articles was produced, comparing similar articles between them. The most commonly found interactions refer to exercise vs. the cardiovascular system, metabolism and the locomotor system, in this order. The volume of scientific research in the field is high and of sufficient quality to justify highlighting.
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Costa MFDLE, Araújo DID. Efeitos agudos de uma sessão de reabilitação cardíaca sobre a pressão arterial. FISIOTERAPIA EM MOVIMENTO 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-51502012000400018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: Hipertensão arterial é uma condição mórbida presente em grande parte dos adultos. Estudos evidenciam que exercícios físicos de moderada intensidade e curta duração têm efeitos satisfatórios na redução da pressão arterial. OBJETIVO: Mensurar a duração do efeito hipotensor de uma única sessão de reabilitação cardíaca a partir da prática de exercício aeróbico de curta duração e moderada intensidade. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo foi prospectivo e quase-experimental. Participaram do estudo nove voluntários hipertensos e sedentários (cinco do sexo feminino e quatro do masculino), monitorizados pelo exame de medida ambulatorial da pressão arterial por 12 horas e 30 minutos. Foi realizada uma única sessão de treinamento aeróbico por dez minutos em bicicleta ergométrica numa intensidade moderada. RESULTADOS: Houve redução tanto na PAS (pressão arterial sistólica) como na PAD (pressão arterial diastólica) (ANOVA, p < 0,001) durante as 12 horas de estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Uma sessão de exercício físico de curta duração com intensidade moderada foi suficiente para reduzir os níveis pressóricos dos voluntários analisados por um período de 12 horas.
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Valenti VE, Guida HL, Frizzo ACF, Cardoso ACV, Vanderlei LCM, Abreu LCD. Auditory stimulation and cardiac autonomic regulation. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2012; 67:955-8. [PMID: 22948465 PMCID: PMC3416903 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2012(08)16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have already demonstrated that auditory stimulation with music influences the cardiovascular system. In this study, we described the relationship between musical auditory stimulation and heart rate variability. Searches were performed with the Medline, SciELO, Lilacs and Cochrane databases using the following keywords: "auditory stimulation", "autonomic nervous system", "music" and "heart rate variability". The selected studies indicated that there is a strong correlation between noise intensity and vagal-sympathetic balance. Additionally, it was reported that music therapy improved heart rate variability in anthracycline-treated breast cancer patients. It was hypothesized that dopamine release in the striatal system induced by pleasurable songs is involved in cardiac autonomic regulation. Musical auditory stimulation influences heart rate variability through a neural mechanism that is not well understood. Further studies are necessary to develop new therapies to treat cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor E Valenti
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Marília, SP, Brazil.
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