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Arcangeli A, Iorio J, Duranti C. Targeting the hERG1 and β1 integrin complex for cancer treatment. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:145-157. [PMID: 38372580 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2318449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite great advances, novel therapeutic targets and strategies are still needed, in particular for some carcinomas in the metastatic stage (breast cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and the clear cell renal carcinoma). Ion channels may be considered good cancer biomarkers and targets for antineoplastic therapy. These concepts are particularly relevant considering the hERG1 potassium channel as a novel target for antineoplastic therapy. AREAS COVERED A great deal of evidence demonstrates that hERG1 is aberrantly expressed in human cancers, in particular in aggressive carcinomas. A relevant cornerstone was the discovery that, in cancer cells, the channel is present in a very peculiar conformation, strictly bound to the β1 subunit of integrin receptors. The hERG1/β1 integrin complex does not occur in the heart. Starting from this evidence, we developed a novel single chain bispecific antibody (scDb-hERG1-β1), which specifically targets the hERG1/β1 integrin complex and exerts antineoplastic effects in preclinical experiments. EXPERT OPINION Since hERG1 blockade cannot be pursued for antineoplastic therapy due to the severe cardiac toxic effects (ventricular arrhythmias) that many hERG1 blockers exert, different strategies must be identified to specifically target hERG1 in cancer. The targeting of the hERG1/β1 integrin complex through the bispecific antibody scDb-hERG1-β1 can overcome such hindrances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- MCK Therapeutics srl, Pistoia (PT), Italy
| | - Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Duranti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
- MCK Therapeutics srl, Pistoia (PT), Italy
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Duranti C, Iorio J, Bagni G, Chioccioli Altadonna G, Fillion T, Lulli M, D'Alessandro FN, Montalbano A, Lastraioli E, Fanelli D, Coppola S, Schmidt T, Piazza F, Becchetti A, Arcangeli A. Integrins regulate hERG1 dynamics by girdin-dependent Gαi3: signaling and modeling in cancer cells. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302135. [PMID: 37923359 PMCID: PMC10624597 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hERG1 potassium channel is aberrantly over expressed in tumors and regulates the cancer cell response to integrin-dependent adhesion. We unravel a novel signaling pathway by which integrin engagement by the ECM protein fibronectin promotes hERG1 translocation to the plasma membrane and its association with β1 integrins, by activating girdin-dependent Gαi3 proteins and protein kinase B (Akt). By sequestering hERG1, β1 integrins make it avoid Rab5-mediated endocytosis, where unbound channels are degraded. The cycle of hERG1 expression determines the resting potential (Vrest) oscillations and drives the cortical f-actin dynamics and thus cell motility. To interpret the slow biphasic kinetics of hERG1/β1 integrin interplay, we developed a mathematical model based on a generic balanced inactivation-like module. Integrin-mediated cell adhesion triggers two contrary responses: a rapid stimulation of hERG1/β1 complex formation, followed by a slow inhibition which restores the initial condition. The protracted hERG1/β1 integrin cycle determines the slow time course and cyclic behavior of cell migration in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Duranti
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Iorio
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bagni
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ginevra Chioccioli Altadonna
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Thibault Fillion
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Physics, University of Florence, and Florence Section of INFN, Florence, Italy
- Université d'Orléans and Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, Orléans, France
| | - Matteo Lulli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Biochemical Sciences, Section of General Pathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Nicolas D'Alessandro
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alberto Montalbano
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Duccio Fanelli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Physics, University of Florence, and Florence Section of INFN, Florence, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Coppola
- Department of Physics, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Francesco Piazza
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Physics, University of Florence, and Florence Section of INFN, Florence, Italy
- Université d'Orléans and Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, Orléans, France
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- https://ror.org/01ynf4891 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka A, Lalik A, Lukasiak A, Richter-Laskowska M, Trybek P, Ejfler M, Opałka M, Wardejn S, Delfino DV. Potassium Channels, Glucose Metabolism and Glycosylation in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097942. [PMID: 37175655 PMCID: PMC10178682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels emerge as one of the crucial groups of proteins that shape the biology of cancer cells. Their involvement in processes like cell growth, migration, or electric signaling, seems obvious. However, the relationship between the function of K+ channels, glucose metabolism, and cancer glycome appears much more intriguing. Among the typical hallmarks of cancer, one can mention the switch to aerobic glycolysis as the most favorable mechanism for glucose metabolism and glycome alterations. This review outlines the interconnections between the expression and activity of potassium channels, carbohydrate metabolism, and altered glycosylation in cancer cells, which have not been broadly discussed in the literature hitherto. Moreover, we propose the potential mediators for the described relations (e.g., enzymes, microRNAs) and the novel promising directions (e.g., glycans-orinented drugs) for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Lalik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lukasiak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Richter-Laskowska
- The Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Krakow Institute of Technology, 30-418 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Trybek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Ejfler
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Maciej Opałka
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sonia Wardejn
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
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Kim TH, Kwak Y, Song C, Lee HS, Kim DW, Oh HK, Kim JW, Lee KW, Kang SB, Kim JS. GLUT-1 may predict metastases and death in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1094480. [PMID: 36968998 PMCID: PMC10036037 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1094480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) has been studied as a possible predictor for survival outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of GLUT-1 in LARC using the data of 208 patients with clinical T3-4 stage and/or node-positive rectal adenocarcinoma, all of whom underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and subsequent total mesorectal excision (TME). Both pre-CRT and post-CRT specimens were immunohistologically stained for GLUT-1. Patients were classified into GLUT-1-positive and GLUT-1-negative groups and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed and compared. Results At a median follow-up of 74 months, post-CRT GLUT-1 status showed a significant correlation with worse DMFS (p=0.027, HR 2.26) and OS (p=0.030, HR 2.30). When patients were classified into 4 groups according to yp stage II/III status and post-CRT GLUT-1 positivity [yp stage II & GLUT-1 (-), yp stage II & GLUT-1 (+), yp stage III & GLUT-1 (-), yp stage III & GLUT-1 (+)], the 5-year DMFS rates were 92.3%, 63.9%, 65.4%, and 46.5%, respectively (p=0.013). GLUT-1 (-) groups showed markedly better outcomes for both yp stage II and III patients compared to GLUT-1 (+) groups. A similar tendency was observed for OS. Discussion In conclusion, post-CRT GLUT-1 may serve as a prognostic marker in LARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjin Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhoon Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck-Woo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Kwon Oh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bum Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Iorio J, Antonuzzo L, Scarpi E, D’Amico M, Duranti C, Messerini L, Sparano C, Caputo D, Lavacchi D, Borzomati D, Antonelli A, Nibid L, Perrone G, Coppola A, Coppola R, di Costanzo F, Lastraioli E, Arcangeli A. Prognostic role of hERG1 Potassium Channels in Neuroendocrine Tumours of the Ileum and Pancreas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810623. [PMID: 36142530 PMCID: PMC9504580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
hERG1 potassium channels are widely expressed in human cancers of different origins, where they affect several key aspects of cellular behaviour. The present study was designed to evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of hERG1 protein in cancer tissues from patients suffering from neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) of ileal (iNETs) and pancreatic (pNETs) origin, with available clinicopathological history and follow-up. The study was carried out by immunohistochemistry with an anti-hERG1 monoclonal antibody. In a subset of samples, a different antibody directed against the hERG1/β1 integrin complex was also used. The analysis showed for the first time that hERG1 is expressed in human NETs originating from either the ileum or the pancreas. hERG1 turned out to have a prognostic value in NETs, showing (i) a statistically significant positive impact on OS of patients affected by ileal NETs, regardless the TNM stage; (ii) a statistically significant positive impact on OS of patients affected by aggressive (TNM stage IV) disease, either ileal or pancreatic; (iii) a trend to a negative impact on OS of patients affected by less aggressive (TNM stage I-III) disease, either ileal or pancreatic. Moreover, in order to evaluate whether ERG1 was functionally expressed in a cellular model of pNET, the INS1E rat insulinoma cell line was used, and it emerged that blocking ERG1 with a specific inhibitor of the channel (E4031) turned out in a significant reduction in cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarpi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Duranti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Clotilde Sparano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Damiano Caputo
- General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lavacchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Domenico Borzomati
- General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nibid
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perrone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Coppola
- General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Coppola
- General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Complex Dynamics Study Centre (CSDC), University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)5-5275-1319
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Complex Dynamics Study Centre (CSDC), University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
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Iorio J, Lastraioli L, Lastraioli E. Potassium in Solid Cancers. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.101108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrolyte disorders are a frequent finding in cancer patients. In the majority of cases the etiologies of such disorders are common to all cancer types (i.e. diuretic-induced hyponatremia or hypokalemia). Sometimes, electrolyte disorders are caused by paraneoplastic syndromes or are due to cancer therapy. Potassium is one of the most important electrolytes of the human body since it is involved in the regulation of muscle contraction, maintenance of the integrity of the skeleton, blood pressure and nerve transmission as well as in the normal function of cells. Potassium homeostasis is strictly regulated since the gap between the recommended daily dietary intake (120 mEq/day) and the levels stored in the extracellular fluid (around 70 mEq) is huge. Alterations of potassium homeostasis are frequent in cancer patients as well alterations in potassium channels, the transmembrane proteins that mediate potassium fluxes within the cells. The present chapter is focused on the clinical significance of potassium homeostasis and potassium channels in patients with solid tumors.
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Becchetti A, Duranti C, Arcangeli A. Dynamics and physiological meaning of complexes between ion channels and integrin receptors: the case of Kv11.1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1138-C1150. [PMID: 35442831 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00107.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The cellular functions are regulated by a complex interplay of diffuse and local signals. Experimental work in cell physiology has led to recognize that understanding a cell's dynamics requires a deep comprehension of local fluctuations of cytosolic regulators. Macromolecular complexes are major determinants of local signaling. Multi-enzyme assemblies limit the diffusion restriction to reaction kinetics by direct exchange of metabolites. Likewise, close coupling of ion channels and transporters modulate the ion concentration around a channel mouth or transporter binding site. Extreme signal locality is brought about by conformational coupling between membrane proteins, as is typical of mechanotransduction. A paradigmatic case is integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Sensing the extracellular microenvironment and providing an appropriate response is essential in growth and development and has innumerable pathological implications. The process involves bidirectional signal transduction by complex supra-molecular structures that link integrin receptors to ion channels and transporters, growth factor receptors, cytoskeletal elements and other regulatory elements. The dynamics of such complexes is only beginning to be understood. A thoroughly studied example is the association between integrin receptors and the voltage-gated K+ channels Kv11.1. These channels are widely expressed in early embryos, where their physiological roles are poorly understood and apparently different from the shaping of action potential firing in the adult. Hints about these roles come from studies in cancer cells, where Kv11.1 is often overexpressed and appears to re-assume functions, such as controlling cell proliferation/differentiation, apoptosis and migration. Kv11.1 is implicated in these processes through its linking to integrin subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Duranti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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Lastraioli E, Fraser SP, Guzel RM, Iorio J, Bencini L, Scarpi E, Messerini L, Villanacci V, Cerino G, Ghezzi N, Perrone G, Djamgoz MBA, Arcangeli A. Neonatal Nav1.5 Protein Expression in Human Colorectal Cancer: Immunohistochemical Characterization and Clinical Evaluation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3832. [PMID: 34359733 PMCID: PMC8345135 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs) are expressed widely in human carcinomas and play a significant role in promoting cellular invasiveness and metastasis. However, human tissue-based studies and clinical characterization are lacking. In several carcinomas, including colorectal cancer (CRCa), the predominant VGSC is the neonatal splice variant of Nav1.5 (nNav1.5). The present study was designed to determine the expression patterns and clinical relevance of nNav1.5 protein in human CRCa tissues from patients with available clinicopathological history. The immunohistochemistry was made possible by the use of a polyclonal antibody (NESOpAb) specific for nNav1.5. The analysis showed that, compared with normal mucosa, nNav1.5 expression occurred in CRCa samples (i) at levels that were significantly higher and (ii) with a pattern that was more delineated (i.e., apical/basal or mixed). A surprisingly high level of nNav1.5 protein expression also occurred in adenomas, but this was mainly intracellular and diffuse. nNav1.5 showed a statistically significant association with TNM stage, highest expression being associated with TNM IV and metastatic status. Interestingly, nNav1.5 expression co-occurred with other biomarkers associated with metastasis, including hERG1, KCa3.1, VEGF-A, Glut1, and EGFR. Finally, univariate analysis showed that nNav1.5 expression had an impact on progression-free survival. We conclude (i) that nNav1.5 could represent a novel clinical biomarker ('companion diagnostic') useful to better stratify CRCa patients and (ii) that since nNav1.5 expression is functional, it could form the basis of anti-metastatic therapies including in combination with standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (J.I.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Scott P. Fraser
- Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (S.P.F.); (R.M.G.)
| | - R. Mine Guzel
- Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (S.P.F.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (J.I.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Lapo Bencini
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncologic Surgery and Robotics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (L.B.); (G.C.); (N.G.)
| | - Emanuela Scarpi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (J.I.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Vincenzo Villanacci
- Institute of Pathology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Giulia Cerino
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncologic Surgery and Robotics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (L.B.); (G.C.); (N.G.)
| | - Niccolo’ Ghezzi
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncologic Surgery and Robotics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (L.B.); (G.C.); (N.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Perrone
- Pathology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, via A del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (S.P.F.); (R.M.G.)
- Cyprus International University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Haspolat, Mersin 10, Cyprus
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (J.I.); (L.M.); (A.A.)
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Park GB, Jeong JY, Kim D. GLUT5 regulation by AKT1/3-miR-125b-5p downregulation induces migratory activity and drug resistance in TLR-modified colorectal cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1329-1340. [PMID: 32649737 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer, resistance to chemotherapy is one of the main reasons for therapeutic failure. Cells that survive after treatment with anticancer drugs undergo various changes, including in cell metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of AKT-mediated miR-125b-5p alteration on metabolic changes and examined how these molecules enhance migration and induce drug resistance in colon cancer cells. AKT1 and AKT3 activation in drug-resistant colon cancer cells caused aberrant downregulation of miR-125b-5p, leading to GLUT5 expression. Targeted inhibition of AKT1 and AKT3 restored miR-125b-5p expression and prevented glycolysis- and lipogenesis-related enzyme activation. In addition, restoring the level of miR-125b-5p by transfection with the mimic sequence not only significantly blocked the production of lactate and intracellular fatty acids but also suppressed the migration and invasion of chemoresistant colon cancer cells. GLUT5 silencing with small interfering RNA attenuated mesenchymal marker expression and migratory activity in drug-resistant colon cancer cells. Additionally, treatment with 2,5-anhydro-d-mannitol resensitized chemoresistant cancer cells to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil. In conclusion, our findings suggest that changes in miR-125b-5p and GLUT5 expression after chemotherapy can serve as a new marker to indicate metabolic change-induced migration and drug resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Bin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yeong Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Zhang M, Yang J, Jiang H, Jiang H, Wang Z. Correlation between glucose metabolism parameters derived from FDG and tumor TNM stages and metastasis-associated proteins in colorectal carcinoma patients. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:258. [PMID: 33750337 PMCID: PMC7941722 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between multiple metabolism parameters derived from FDG and tumor TNM stages as well as tumor metastasis-associated protein of GLUT-1 and MACC1 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Methods Thirty-eight patients (24 males and 14 females) with primary CRC confirmed by elective surgery pathological, who also accepted 18F-FDG PET/CT scans during 2017 to 2019 were included in this study. The tumor classification of T, N and M is explained by the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). 18F-FDG parameters of SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG and MTV were measured by drawing a region of interest on the primary lesions. The expression of GLUT-1 and MACC1 was quantified by immunohistochemical, and the correlation between metabolism parameters and tumor biomarkers were analyzed. Results According to our analysis, the 18F-FDG parameters of SUVmean was significantly correlated with tumor M status (P = 0.000) of primary CRC. The primary tumor lesion with higher SUVmax, TLG and MTV values prone to a high-T status (P = 0.002, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). The high expression of GLUT-1/MACC1 weas more frequently involved with T3–4 stage and was poorly differentiated in CRC patients. Multivariate analysis found that the expression of GLUT-1 protein was correlated with SUVmax and MTV (R2 = 0.42, P = 0.013 and 0.004, respectively), moreover, the expression of MACC1 protein was correlated with TLG (R2 = 0.372, P = 0.000). Conclusion Glucose metabolism parameters derived from FDG provides a noninvasive assessment of M status and T status in CRC patients. The expression of GLUT-1 and MACC1 was associated with 18F-FDG uptake in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jigang Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
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11
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Farah A, Kabbage M, Atafi S, Gabteni AJ, Barbirou M, Madhioub M, Hamzaoui L, Mohamed MA, Touinsi H, Kchaou AO, Chelbi E, Boubaker S, Abderrazek RB, Bouhaouala-Zahar B. Selective expression of KCNA5 and KCNB1 genes in gastric and colorectal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1179. [PMID: 33267786 PMCID: PMC7709444 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric and colorectal cancers are the most common malignant tumours, leading to a significant number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recently, increasing evidence has demonstrated that cancer cells exhibit a differential expression of potassium channels and this can contribute to cancer progression. However, their expression and localisation at the somatic level remains uncertain. In this study, we have investigated the expression levels of KCNB1 and KCNA5 genes encoding ubiquitous Kv2.1 and Kv1.5 potassium channels in gastric and colorectal tumours. Methods Gastric and colorectal tumoral and peritumoral tissues were collected to evaluate the expression of KCNB1 and KCNA5 mRNA by quantitative PCR. Moreover, the immunohistochemical staining profile of Kv2.1 and Kv1.5 was assessed on 40 Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) gastric carcinoma tissues. Differences in gene expression between tumoral and peritumoral tissues were compared statistically with the Mann-Whitney U test. The association between the clinicopathological features of the GC patients and the expression of both Kv proteins was investigated with χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests. Results The mRNA fold expression of KCNB1 and KCNA5 genes showed a lower mean in the tumoral tissues (0.06 ± 0.17, 0.006 ± 0.009) compared to peritumoral tissues (0.08 ± 0.16, 0.16 ± 0.48, respectively) without reaching the significance rate (p = 0.861, p = 0.152, respectively). Interestingly, Kv2.1 and Kv1.5 immunostaining was detectable and characterised by a large distribution in peritumoral and tumoral epithelial cells. More interestingly, inflammatory cells were also stained. Surprisingly, Kv2.1 and Kv1.5 staining was undoubtedly and predominantly detected in the cytoplasm compartment of tumour cells. Indeed, the expression of Kv2.1 in tumour cells revealed a significant association with the early gastric cancer clinical stage (p = 0.026). Conclusion The data highlight, for the first time, the potential role of Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 in gastrointestinal-related cancers and suggests they may be promising prognostic markers for these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azer Farah
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Biomolecules, LR16IPT08 Institute Pasteur Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maria Kabbage
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR11IPT05 Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salsabil Atafi
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institute Pasteur Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amira Jaballah Gabteni
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR11IPT05 Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouadh Barbirou
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Biomolecules, LR16IPT08 Institute Pasteur Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Tunis, Tunisia.,Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mouna Madhioub
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, 8000, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Lamine Hamzaoui
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, 8000, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | | | - Hassen Touinsi
- Surgical Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, 8000, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | | | - Emna Chelbi
- Pathology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, 8000, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institute Pasteur Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Ben Abderrazek
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Biomolecules, LR16IPT08 Institute Pasteur Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Biomolecules, LR16IPT08 Institute Pasteur Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Tunis, Tunisia. .,Medical School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
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12
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Iorio J, Duranti C, Lottini T, Lastraioli E, Bagni G, Becchetti A, Arcangeli A. K V11.1 Potassium Channel and the Na +/H + Antiporter NHE1 Modulate Adhesion-Dependent Intracellular pH in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:848. [PMID: 32587517 PMCID: PMC7297984 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that ion channels and transporters cooperate in regulating different aspects of tumor pathophysiology. In cancer cells, H+/HCO3- transporters usually invert the transmembrane pH gradient typically observed in non-neoplastic cells, which is thought to contribute to cancer malignancy. To what extent the pH-regulating transporters are functionally linked to K+ channels, which are central regulators of cell membrane potential (Vm), is unclear. We thus investigated in colorectal cancer cells the implication of the pH-regulating transporters and KV11.1 (also known as hERG1) in the pH modifications stimulated by integrin-dependent cell adhesion. Colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT 116 and HT 29) were seeded onto β1 integrin-dependent substrates, collagen I and fibronectin. This led to a transient cytoplasmic alkalinization, which peaked at 90 min of incubation, lasted approximately 180 min, and was inhibited by antibodies blocking the β1 integrin. The effect was sensitive to amiloride (10 µM) and cariporide (5 µM), suggesting that it was mainly caused by the activity of the Na+/H+ antiporter NHE1. Blocking KV11.1 with E4031 shows that channel activity contributed to modulate the β1 integrin-dependent pHi increase. Interestingly, both NHE1 and KV11.1 modulated the colorectal cancer cell motility triggered by β1 integrin-dependent adhesion. Finally, the β1 integrin subunit, KV11.1 and NHE1 co-immunoprecipitated in colorectal cancer cells seeded onto Collagen I, suggesting the formation of a macromolecular complex following integrin-mediated adhesion. We conclude that the interaction between KV11.1, NHE1, and β1 integrin contributes to regulate colorectal cancer intracellular pH in relation to the tumor microenvironment, suggesting novel pharmacological targets to counteract pro-invasive and, hence, pro-metastatic behavior in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iorio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Duranti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tiziano Lottini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bagni
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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13
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Kokubu S, Inaki R, Hoshi K, Hikita A. Adipose-derived stem cells improve tendon repair and prevent ectopic ossification in tendinopathy by inhibiting inflammation and inducing neovascularization in the early stage of tendon healing. Regen Ther 2020; 14:103-110. [PMID: 31989000 PMCID: PMC6970144 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Achilles tendinopathy is characterized by scar formation or ectopic ossification, both of which result in pain and worsened physical function in athletes and older people. Although cell therapy using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has been shown to be effective for tendinopathy, the underlying mechanisms by which ASCs result in tendon healing in vivo have not yet been fully clarified. METHODS ASCs were obtained from the fat pads of EGFP transgenic mice by collagenase digestion. C57BL/6 mice were used in a collagenase-induced injury model. ASCs were transplanted into injury sites at 1 week after injury. Tendons were harvested at 9 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after transplantation, and analyzed by histological examination and μCT scanning. RESULTS Histological analysis and μCT scanning revealed greater recovery of collagen fibers and suppression of ectopic ossification in the ASC-treated group than in the control group at 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Immunohistochemical analysis identified transplanted ASCs in the tendon core close to peritenon and connective tissue at 2 days and 1 week after transplantation, but not at 3 weeks. Furthermore, while the expression levels of IL-1β, GLUT1, and CA9 were significantly reduced in the ASC group compared to the control group at 9 days after injury, those of VEGF and the number of CD31 positive vessels were significantly increased. CONCLUSION The efficacy of ASCs for tendon repair and the prevention of ectopic ossification in Achilles tendinopathy were demonstrated. Our data suggest that ASCs can modulate inflammation and induce neovascularization in the early stage of tendon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Kokubu
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ryoko Inaki
- Division of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Oral-maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hikita
- Division of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Tuna M, I Amos C, B Mills G. Acquired Uniparental Disomy Regions Are Associated with Disease Outcome in Patients with Oral Cavity and Oropharynx But Not Larynx Cancers. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100763. [PMID: 32305020 PMCID: PMC7163079 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD) regions pinpoint homozygousity and monoallelic expressed genes. We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays and expression data from oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx cancers to identify frequency of aUPD in each tumor type and association of aUPD regions and differentially expressed genes in the regions with survival. Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival function; and Student’s t test, for differentially expressed genes between groups. The frequency of aUPD was highest in larynx cancers (88.35%) followed by oral cavity (81.11%) and oropharynx cancers (73.85%). In univariate analysis, 11 regions at chromosome 9p were associated with overall survival (OS) in oral cavity cancers. Two regions at chromosome 17p were associated with OS in oropharyngeal cancers, but no aUPD region was associated with survival in patients with larynx cancers. Overexpression of SIGMAR1, C9orf23, and HINT2 was associated with reduced OS in patients with oral cavity cancers, and upregulation of MED27 and YWHAE was associated with shorter OS in patients with oropharynx cancers. In multivariate analysis, four aUPD regions at chromosome 9p and overexpression of HINT2 were associated with shorter OS in oral cavity cancers, and overexpression of MED27 was associated with worse OS in patients with oropharynx cancers. aUPD regions and differentially expressed genes in those regions influence the outcome and may play a role in aggressiveness in oral cavity and oropharynx cancers but not in patients with larynx cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaffe Tuna
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Precision Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR
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15
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Clarithromycin inhibits autophagy in colorectal cancer by regulating the hERG1 potassium channel interaction with PI3K. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:161. [PMID: 32123164 PMCID: PMC7052256 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have studied how the macrolide antibiotic Clarithromycin (Cla) regulates autophagy, which sustains cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy in cancer. We found Cla to inhibit the growth of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, by modulating the autophagic flux and triggering apoptosis. The accumulation of cytosolic autophagosomes accompanied by the modulation of autophagic markers LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1, points to autophagy exhaustion. Because Cla is known to bind human Ether-à-go-go Related Gene 1 (hERG1) K+ channels, we studied if its effects depended on hERG1 and its conformational states. By availing of hERG1 mutants with different gating properties, we found that fluorescently labelled Cla preferentially bound to the closed channels. Furthermore, by sequestering the channel in the closed conformation, Cla inhibited the formation of a macromolecular complex between hERG1 and the p85 subunit of PI3K. This strongly reduced Akt phosphorylation, and stimulated the p53-dependent cell apoptosis, as witnessed by late caspase activation. Finally, Cla enhanced the cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the main chemotherapeutic agent in CRC, in vitro and in a xenograft CRC model. We conclude that Cla affects the autophagic flux by impairing the signaling pathway linking hERG1 and PI3K. Combining Cla with 5-FU might be a novel therapeutic option in CRC.
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16
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Iorio J, Lastraioli E, Tofani L, Petroni G, Antonuzzo L, Messerini L, Perrone G, Caputo D, Francesconi M, Amato MM, Cadei M, Arcangeli G, Villanacci V, Boni L, Coppola R, Di Costanzo F, Arcangeli A. hERG1 and HIF-2α Behave as Biomarkers of Positive Response to Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100740. [PMID: 32105990 PMCID: PMC7044526 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In search of novel biomarkers of response to bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), we analyzed the expression and prognostic role of several proteins related to angiogenesis. Methods: A retrospective, multicenter study on 80 surgical samples from mCRC patients treated in first line with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy was accomplished. The following proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry: hERG1 potassium channel, β1-integrin, pAKT, NFkB, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, p53, VEGF-A, GLUT-1, and CA-IX. Data were analyzed in conjunction with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients, KRAS status, response to bevacizumab, and follow-up. Results: (1) All the proteins were expressed in the samples, with statistically significant associations between HIF-1α and gender, HIF-2α and left colon, hERG1 and VEGF-A, β1-integrin and HIF-2α, GLUT-1 and both HIF-1α and HIF-2α, and CA-IX and VEGF-A. (2) At the univariate analysis, positivity for hERG1, VEGF-A, and the active form of HIF-2α (aHIF-2α), and the G3 histological grade showed a positive impact on progression-free survival (PFS). (3) hERG1 and aHIF-2α maintained their positive impact on PFS at the multivariate analysis. (4) hERG1 behaved as a protective factor for PFS independently on KRAS status. Conclusions: hERG1 and aHIF-2α might help to identify patients who would benefit from bevacizumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tofani
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy; Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perrone
- Department of Pathology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - Damiano Caputo
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Francesconi
- Department of Pathology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Moris Cadei
- Institute of Pathology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Boni
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Coppola
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
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Lastraioli E, Romoli MR, Iorio J, Lottini T, Chiudinelli M, Bencivenga M, Vindigni C, Tomezzoli A, De Manzoni G, Compagnoni B, Manzi I, Messerini L, Saragoni L, Arcangeli A. The hERG1 Potassium Channel Behaves As Prognostic Factor In Gastric Dysplasia Endoscopic Samples. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:9377-9384. [PMID: 31807018 PMCID: PMC6844225 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s226257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gastric cancer (GC) is still a relevant health issue worldwide. The identification of prognostic factors for progression of gastric dysplasia (GD), the main pre-cancerous lesion of the intestinal-type GC, is hence mandatory. Patients and methods A cohort of 83 GD endoscopic samples belonging to Italian subjects was collected. hERG1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and scored 0–3, depending on the percentage of stained cells. Expression data were analysed in conjunction with clinico-pathological and survival data. Results hERG1 turned out to be expressed in 67.47% (56 out of 83) of the GD samples. hERG1 expression was higher in high-grade GD compared to low-grade GD (29 out of 39, 74.36% vs 27 out of 44, 61.36%), although the statistical significance was not reached (P=0.246). No association emerged between hERG1 expression and clinical features of the patients (age, gender, localization, H. pylori infection, gastritis and intestinal metaplasia). In a subset of cases for which sequential samples of gastric lesions (from GD to Early Gastric Cancer and Advanced Gastric Cancer) were available, hERG1 expression was maintained in all the steps of gastric carcinogenesis from GD onwards. A general trend to increased expression in advanced lesions was observed. hERG1 score had a statistically significant impact on both Progression-Free Survival (P=0.018) and Overall Survival (P=0.031). In particular, patients displaying a high hERG1 score have a shorter survival. Conclusion hERG1 is aberrantly expressed in human GD samples and has an impact on both PFS and OS, hence representing a novel prognostic marker for progression of GD towards GC of the intestinal histotype. Once properly validated, hERG1 detection could be included in the clinical practice, during endoscopic surveillance protocols, for the management of GD at higher risk of progression, as already proposed for Barrett’s oesophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University Of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Romoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University Of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University Of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Tiziano Lottini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University Of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Mariella Chiudinelli
- Pathology Division, Esine Hospital, ASST della Valcamonica, Esine, BS 25040, Italy
| | | | - Carla Vindigni
- Pathology Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Anna Tomezzoli
- Pathology Division, Borgo Trento Hospital, Verona 37134, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Compagnoni
- Surgery Division, Esine Hospital, ASST della Valcamonica, Esine, BS 25040, Italy
| | - Ilaria Manzi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì 47121, Italy
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University Of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Luca Saragoni
- Pathology Division, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì 47121, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University Of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
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18
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Developing Trojan horses to induce, diagnose and suppress Alzheimer’s pathology. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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hERG1 and CA IX expression are associated with disease recurrence in surgically resected clear cell renal carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 46:209-215. [PMID: 31679954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In search of novel prognostic biomarkers for clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC), we analysed the expression of several proteins related to angiogenesis and hypoxia. METHODS A monocentric study on 30 consecutive surgical samples from surgically-treated ccRCC patients with a 10-year follow up was performed. The following proteins were analysed by immunohistochemistry: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor- A (VEGF-A), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor β Receptor (PDGFRβ), VEGF-receptor 1 (Flt1), VEGF-receptor 2 (KDR), Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1), Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX) and the hERG1 potassium channel. Data were analysed in conjunction with the clinico-pathological characteristics of the patients and follow up. RESULTS All the proteins were expressed in the samples, with statistically significant associations of VEGF-A with PDGFRβ and Flt1 and hERG1 with CA IX. Notably, hERG1 and CAIX co-immunoprecipitated in primary ccRCC samples and survival analysis showed that the positivity for hERG1 and CA IX had a negative impact on Recurrence Free Survival (RFS) at the univariate analysis. At the multivariate analysis only hERG1 maintained its statistically significant negative impact. CONCLUSIONS hERG1 expression can be exploited to predict recurrence in surgically-treated ccRCC patients. hERG1 channels form a multiprotein complex with the pH regulator CA IX in primary ccRCC samples their potential use as therapeutic target might be suggested.
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Hernandez-Resendiz I, Hartung F, Pardo LA. Antibodies Targeting K V Potassium Channels: A Promising Treatment for Cancer. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:180-187. [PMID: 34471820 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels are transmembrane proteins that allow flow of potassium across the membrane to regulate ion homeostasis, cell proliferation, migration, cell volume, and specific processes such as muscular contraction. Aberrant function or expression of potassium channels can underlie pathologies ranging from heart arrhythmia to cancer; the expression of potassium channels is altered in many types of cancer and that alteration correlates with malignancy and poor prognosis. Targeting potassium channels therefore constitutes a promising approach for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss strategies to target a particular family of potassium channels, the voltage-gated potassium channels (KV) where a reasonable structural understanding is available. We also discuss the possible obstacles and advantages of such a strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franziska Hartung
- AG Oncophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis A Pardo
- AG Oncophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
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Iorio J, Petroni G, Duranti C, Lastraioli E. Potassium and Sodium Channels and the Warburg Effect: Biophysical Regulation of Cancer Metabolism. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:188-200. [PMID: 34471821 PMCID: PMC8370285 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are progressively emerging as a novel class of membrane proteins expressed in several types of human cancers and regulating the different aspects of cancer cell behavior. The metabolism of cancer cells, usually composed by a variable proportion of respiration, glycolysis, and glutaminolysis, leads to the excessive production of acidic metabolic products. The presence of these acidic metabolites inside the cells results in intracellular acidosis, and hinders survival and proliferation. For this reason, tumor cells activate mechanisms of pH control that produce a constitutive increase in intracellular pH (pHi) that is more acidic than the extracellular pH (pHe). This condition forms a perfect microenvironment for metastatic progression and may be permissive for some of the acquired characteristics of tumors. Recent analyses have revealed complex interconnections between oncogenic activation, ion channels, hypoxia signaling and metabolic pathways that are dysregulated in cancer. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of the Warburg effect and hypoxia and their association. Moreover, we discuss the recent findings concerning the involvement of ion channels in various aspects of the Warburg effect and hypoxia, focusing on the role of Na+ and K+ channels in hypoxic and metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Duranti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Ion Channel Targeting with Antibodies and Antibody Fragments for Cancer Diagnosis. Antibodies (Basel) 2019; 8:antib8020033. [PMID: 31544839 PMCID: PMC6640718 DOI: 10.3390/antib8020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibody era has greatly impacted cancer management in recent decades. Indeed, antibodies are currently applied for both cancer diagnosis and therapy. For example, monoclonal antibodies are the main constituents of several in vitro diagnostics, which are applied at many levels of cancer diagnosis. Moreover, the great improvement provided by in vivo imaging, especially for early-stage cancer diagnosis, has traced the path for the development of a complete new class of antibodies, i.e., engineered antibody fragments. The latter embody the optimal characteristics (e.g., low renal retention, rapid clearance, and small size) which make them ideal for in vivo applications. Furthermore, the present review focuses on reviewing the main applications of antibodies and antibody fragments for solid cancer diagnosis, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we review the scientific evidence showing that ion channels represent an almost unexplored class of ideal targets for both in vitro and in vivo diagnostic purposes. In particular, we review the applications, in solid cancers, of monoclonal antibodies and engineered antibody fragments targeting the voltage-dependent ion channel Kv 11.1, also known as hERG1.
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Iorio J, Meattini I, Bianchi S, Bernini M, Maragna V, Dominici L, Casella D, Vezzosi V, Orzalesi L, Nori J, Livi L, Arcangeli A, Lastraioli E. hERG1 channel expression associates with molecular subtypes and prognosis in breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:93. [PMID: 30002601 PMCID: PMC6034270 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy among females worldwide. Despite several efforts and improvements in early diagnosis and treatment, there are still tumors characterized by an aggressive behavior due to unfavorable biology, thus quite difficult to treat. In this view, searching for novel potential biomarkers is mandatory. Among them, in the recent years data have been gathered addressing ion channel as important players in oncology. Methods A retrospective pilot study was performed on 40 BC samples by means of immunohistochemistry in order to evaluate hERG1 potassium channels expression in BC. Results We provide evidence that hERG1 is expressed in all the BC samples analyzed. hERG1 expression was significantly associated with molecular subtype with the highest expression in Luminal A and the lowest in basal-like tumors (p = 0.001), tumor grading (the highest hERG1 expression in well-moderate differentiated tumors, p = 0.020), estrogen receptors (high hERG1 expression in ER-positive samples, p = 0.008) and Ki67 proliferative index (high hERG1 scoring in samples with low proliferative index, p = 0.038). Also, a p value close to significance was noticed for the association between hERG1 and HER2 expression (p = 0.079). At the survival analysis, patients with high hERG1 expression turned out to have a longer progression-free survival, although statistical significance was not reached (p = 0.195). The same trend was observed analyzing local relapse free-survival (LRFS) and metastases-free survival (MFS): patients with higher hERG1 scoring had longer LRFS and MFS (p = 0.124 and p = 0.071, respectively). Conclusions The results of this pilot study provide the first evidence that the hERG1 protein is expressed in primary BC, and its expression associates with molecular subtype. hERG1 apparently behaves as a protective factor, since it contributes to identify a subset of patients with better outcome. Overall, these data suggest that hERG1 might be an additional tool for the management of BC, nevertheless further investigations are warranted to better clarify hERG1 role and clinical usefulness in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iorio
- 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.,2Doctorate Course in Genetics, Oncology and Clinical Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Icro Meattini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bianchi
- 4Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence-Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Bernini
- 5Breast Unit Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Virginia Maragna
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Dominici
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Donato Casella
- 5Breast Unit Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Vania Vezzosi
- 4Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence-Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Orzalesi
- 5Breast Unit Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo Nori
- Diagnostic Senology Unit, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Avanzato D, Pupo E, Ducano N, Isella C, Bertalot G, Luise C, Pece S, Bruna A, Rueda OM, Caldas C, Di Fiore PP, Sapino A, Lanzetti L. High USP6NL Levels in Breast Cancer Sustain Chronic AKT Phosphorylation and GLUT1 Stability Fueling Aerobic Glycolysis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3432-3444. [PMID: 29691252 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
USP6NL, also named RN-tre, is a GTPase-activating protein involved in control of endocytosis and signal transduction. Here we report that USP6NL is overexpressed in breast cancer, mainly of the basal-like/integrative cluster 10 subtype. Increased USP6NL levels were accompanied by gene amplification and were associated with worse prognosis in the METABRIC dataset, retaining prognostic value in multivariable analysis. High levels of USP6NL in breast cancer cells delayed endocytosis and degradation of the EGFR, causing chronic AKT (protein kinase B) activation. In turn, AKT stabilized the glucose transporter GLUT1 at the plasma membrane, increasing aerobic glycolysis. In agreement, elevated USP6NL sensitized breast cancer cells to glucose deprivation, indicating that their glycolytic capacity relies on this protein. Depletion of USP6NL accelerated EGFR/AKT downregulation and GLUT1 degradation, impairing cell proliferation exclusively in breast cancer cells that harbored increased levels of USP6NL. Overall, these findings argue that USP6NL overexpression generates a metabolic rewiring that is essential to foster the glycolytic demand of breast cancer cells and promote their proliferation.Significance: USP6NL overexpression leads to glycolysis addiction of breast cancer cells and presents a point of metabolic vulnerability for therapeutic targeting in a subset of aggressive basal-like breast tumors.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/13/3432/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(13); 3432-44. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Avanzato
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pupo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Ducano
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Isella
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Luise
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pece
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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Lastraioli E, Lottini T, Iorio J, Freschi G, Fazi M, Duranti C, Carraresi L, Messerini L, Taddei A, Ringressi MN, Salemme M, Villanacci V, Vindigni C, Tomezzoli A, La Mendola R, Bencivenga M, Compagnoni B, Chiudinelli M, Saragoni L, Manzi I, De Manzoni G, Bechi P, Boni L, Arcangeli A. hERG1 behaves as biomarker of progression to adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus and can be exploited for a novel endoscopic surveillance. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59535-59547. [PMID: 27517748 PMCID: PMC5312329 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only well-known precursor lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). The exact estimates of the annual progression rate from BE to EA vary from 0.07% to 3.6%. The identification of BE patients at higher risk to progress to EA is hence mandatory, although difficult to accomplish. In search of novel BE biomarkers we analyzed the efficacy of hERG1 potassium channels in predicting BE progression to EA. Once tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on bioptic samples, hERG1 was expressed in BE, and its expression levels increased during progression from BE to esophageal dysplasia (ED) and EA. hERG1 was also over-expressed in the metaplastic cells arising in BE lesions obtained in different BE mouse models, induced either surgically or chemically. Furthermore, transgenic mice which over express hERG1 in the whole gastrointestinal tract, developed BE lesions after an esophago-jejunal anastomosis more frequently, compared to controls. A case-control study was performed on 104 bioptic samples from newly diagnosed BE patients further followed up for at least 10 years. It emerged a statistically significant association between hERG1 expression status and risk of progression to EA. Finally, a novel fluorophore- conjugated recombinant single chain variable fragment antibody (scFv-hERG1-Alexa488) was tested on freshly collected live BE biopsies: it could recognize hERG1 positive samples, perfectly matching IHC data.Overall, hERG1 can be considered a novel BE biomarker to be exploited for a novel endoscopic surveillance protocol, either in biopsies or through endoscopy, to identify those BE patients with higher risk to progress to EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Tiziano Lottini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Freschi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Marilena Fazi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Duranti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Taddei
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Novella Ringressi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Carla Vindigni
- Pathology Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Tomezzoli
- Pathology Division, Borgo Trento Hospital, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Bruno Compagnoni
- Surgery Division, Esine Hospital, ASL Vallecamonica Sebino, 25040 Esine (BS), Italy
| | - Mariella Chiudinelli
- Pathology Division, Esine Hospital, ASL Vallecamonica Sebino, 25040 Esine (BS), Italy
| | - Luca Saragoni
- Pathology Division, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Ilaria Manzi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bechi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Boni
- Clinical Trials Coordinating Center, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi/Istituto Toscano Tumori, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Yang J, Wen J, Tian T, Lu Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang X, Yang Y. GLUT-1 overexpression as an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11788-11796. [PMID: 28052033 PMCID: PMC5355304 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) exhibits altered expression in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to explore the association between GLUT-1 and survival conditions, as well as clinical features in CRC by meta-analysis. Materials and Methods Relevant studies were searched through predefined strategies, hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effective measures. Results A total of 14 studies with 2,077 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that GLUT-1 was not significantly associated with overall survival (OS) (HR=1.28, 95% CI=0.86–1.91, p=0.22) or disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.71, 95% CI=0.78–3.72, p=0.179). However, subgroup analysis indicated that GLUT-1 was a significant biomarker for poor DFS in rectal cancer (HR=2.47, 95% CI=1.21–5.05, p=0.013). GLUT-1 expression was also found to be significantly correlated with the presence of lymph node metastasis (n=8, OR=2.14, 95% CI=1.66–2.75, p<0.001), T stage (n=6, OR=1.73, 95% CI=1.17–2.58, p=0.007), higher Dukes stage (n=5, OR=2.92, 95% CI=2.16–3.95, p<0.001), female sex (n=4, OR=2.92, 95% CI=2.16–3.95, p<0.001), and presence of liver metastasis (n=3, OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.06–3.12, p=0.03). Conclusion In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that GLUT-1 was associated with poor DFS in rectal cancer (RC). Furthermore, GLUT-1 was also an indicator of aggressive clinical features in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA 261 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Nanlou Department of Respiratory Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongsheng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Immunology/Bio-therapeutic, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zikai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Predictive value of glucose transporter-1 and glucose transporter-3 for survival of cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13206-13213. [PMID: 28086215 PMCID: PMC5355089 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective The role of glucose transporters in cancers remains contradictory. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between overall survival and glucose transporter s (GLUTs) 1 and 3 to find an accurate prognostic biomarker. Methods We systematically searched the PubMed, EMbase and Medline databases for relevant published studies that were consistent with the eligible criteria up to January 2016, and calculated pooled estimated hazard ratios of GLUT-1 and -3′s expressions in different cancer types and ethnic populations. Random-effects models were used to assess estimates from studies with significant heterogeneities. Results Overall, 12 studies concerning GLUT 1 and 2 studies concerning GLUT 3, which involved 2008 participants when combined, were included in this analysis. We found that overexpression of GLUTs were significantly correlated to poorer survival rates (HR=1.63, 95%CI=1.09-2.44 and HR=1.89, 95%CI=1.28-2.81). In the subgroup analysis, the GLUT 1 up-regulation was correlated with negative overall survival in pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer and with better overall survival in colorectal cancer. In addition, overexpression of GLUT 1 was associated with a poorer prognosis in the Asian population, while no significance was found in the non-Asian subgroup. However, limitations do exist, which could be handled better. Conclusions A combination of GLUTs 1 and 3 might help predict malignancy of cancers and direct effective cancer therapy.
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GabAllah GMK, El-din Habib MS, Soliman SES, Kasemy ZA, Gohar SF. Validity and clinical impact of glucose transporter 1 expression in colorectal cancer. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:348-356. [PMID: 29205188 PMCID: PMC5738797 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_197_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is no doubt that colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a major threat to public health worldwide, and despite improvement in managements, prognosis still remains an irritating question with no definite answer. Being a fundamental player in cancer metabolism, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) could be utilized as a prognostic biomarker that could fuel development of new treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of GLUT1 expression as a prognostic biomarker and to elucidate to what extent it is immersed in poor clinical outcome among CRC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS GLUT1 expression in peripheral blood specimens was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 47 CRC patients and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS There was significantly elevated GLUT1 expression in peripheral blood of CRC patients than in controls (P < 0.001). The cutoff value of 0.605 provided 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity. There were significantly higher values of GLUT1 expression in patients under 50 years (P = 0.003), performance status 2 (P = 0.009), stage IV (P < 0.001), and presence of metastasis (P < 0.001). GLUT1 expression showed nonsignificant association with overall survival (P = 0.068), while tumor stage (P = 0.01) and metastasis (P = 0.009) were significantly associated with lower overall survival. CONCLUSION GLUT1 is sensitive and specific marker for CRC. It is overexpressed in young age patients, poor performance status, and stage IV patients. Although this was not statistically significant, GLUT 1 showed higher expression level in patients with lesser survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M. K. GabAllah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Mona Salah El-din Habib
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Shimaa El-Shafey Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Zienab A. Kasemy
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Suzy F. Gohar
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt,Address for correspondence: Dr. Suzy Fawzy Gohar, Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt. E-mail:
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Muratori L, Petroni G, Antonuzzo L, Boni L, Iorio J, Lastraioli E, Bartoli G, Messerini L, Di Costanzo F, Arcangeli A. hERG1 positivity and Glut-1 negativity identifies high-risk TNM stage I and II colorectal cancer patients, regardless of adjuvant chemotherapy. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:6325-6332. [PMID: 27789963 PMCID: PMC5072508 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) with high risk of progression is one major clinical challenge, mainly due to lack of validated biomarkers. The aims of the present study were to analyze the prognostic impact of three molecular markers belonging to the ion channels and transporters family: the ether-à-go-go-related gene 1 (hERG1) and the calcium-activated KCa3.1 potassium channels, as well as the glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1); and to define the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy in conjunction with the abovementioned biomarkers, in a cohort of radically resected stage I-III CRC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expressions of hERG1, KCa3.1, and Glut-1 were tested by immunohistochemistry on 162 surgical samples of nonmetastatic, stage I-III CRC patients. The median follow-up was 32 months. The association between biological markers, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes was investigated by evaluating both disease-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS Although no prognostic valence emerged for KCa3.1, evidence of a negative impact of hERG1 expression on survival outcomes was provided. On the contrary, Glut-1 expression had a positive impact. According to the results of the multivariate analysis, patients were stratified in four risk groups, based on TNM stage and hERG1/Glut-1 expression. After adjusting for adjuvant therapy, stage I and II, Glut-1-negative, and hERG1-positive patients showed the worst survival experience. CONCLUSION This study strongly indicates that the combination of hERG1 positivity and Glut-1 negativity behaves as a prognostic biomarker in radically resected CRC patients. This combination identifies a group of stage I and II CRC patients with a bad prognosis, even worse than that of stage III patients, regardless of adjuvant therapy accomplishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Muratori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena
| | - Luca Boni
- Clinical Trials Coordinating Center, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Gianluca Bartoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | | | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
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van Kuijk SJA, Yaromina A, Houben R, Niemans R, Lambin P, Dubois LJ. Prognostic Significance of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Expression in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2016; 6:69. [PMID: 27066453 PMCID: PMC4810028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a characteristic of many solid tumors and an adverse prognostic factor for treatment outcome. Hypoxia increases the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an enzyme that is predominantly found on tumor cells and is involved in maintaining the cellular pH balance. Many clinical studies investigated the prognostic value of CAIX expression, but most have been inconclusive, partly due to small numbers of patients included. The present meta-analysis was therefore performed utilizing the results of all clinical studies to determine the prognostic value of CAIX expression in solid tumors. Renal cell carcinoma was excluded from this meta-analysis due to an alternative mechanism of upregulation. 958 papers were identified from a literature search performed in PubMed and Embase. These papers were independently evaluated by two reviewers and 147 studies were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis revealed strong significant associations between CAIX expression and all endpoints: overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.76, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.58–1.98], disease-free survival (HR = 1.87, 95%CI 1.62–2.16), locoregional control (HR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.22–1.93), disease-specific survival (HR = 1.78, 95%CI 1.41–2.25), metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.33–2.50), and progression-free survival (HR = 1.58, 95%CI 1.27–1.96). Subgroup analyses revealed similar associations in the majority of tumor sites and types. In conclusion, these results show that patients having tumors with high CAIX expression have higher risk of locoregional failure, disease progression, and higher risk to develop metastases, independent of tumor type or site. The results of this meta-analysis further support the development of a clinical test to determine patient prognosis based on CAIX expression and may have important implications for the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J A van Kuijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Ruud Houben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MAASTRO Clinic , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Raymon Niemans
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
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Crottès D, Rapetti-Mauss R, Alcaraz-Perez F, Tichet M, Gariano G, Martial S, Guizouarn H, Pellissier B, Loubat A, Popa A, Paquet A, Presta M, Tartare-Deckert S, Cayuela ML, Martin P, Borgese F, Soriani O. SIGMAR1 Regulates Membrane Electrical Activity in Response to Extracellular Matrix Stimulation to Drive Cancer Cell Invasiveness. Cancer Res 2016; 76:607-18. [PMID: 26645564 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R) is a stress-activated chaperone that regulates ion channels and is associated with pathologic conditions, such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, and addiction. Aberrant expression levels of ion channels and Sig1R have been detected in tumors and cancer cells, such as myeloid leukemia and colorectal cancer, but the link between ion channel regulation and Sig1R overexpression during malignancy has not been established. In this study, we found that Sig1R dynamically controls the membrane expression of the human voltage-dependent K(+) channel human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) in myeloid leukemia and colorectal cancer cell lines. Sig1R promoted the formation of hERG/β1-integrin signaling complexes upon extracellular matrix stimulation, triggering the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Consequently, the presence of Sig1R in cancer cells increased motility and VEGF secretion. In vivo, Sig1R expression enhanced the aggressiveness of tumor cells by potentiating invasion and angiogenesis, leading to poor survival. Collectively, our findings highlight a novel function for Sig1R in mediating cross-talk between cancer cells and their microenvironment, thus driving oncogenesis by shaping cellular electrical activity in response to extracellular signals. Given the involvement of ion channels in promoting several hallmarks of cancer, our study also offers a potential strategy to therapeutically target ion channel function through Sig1R inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crottès
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France. Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Raphael Rapetti-Mauss
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Francisca Alcaraz-Perez
- Telomerase, Aging and Cancer Group, Research Unit, Department of Surgery, CIBERehd, University Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", Murcia, Spain. Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Mélanie Tichet
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, C3M, Inserm U1065, Nice, France
| | - Giuseppina Gariano
- Unit of Oncology and Experimental Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sonia Martial
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Hélène Guizouarn
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Pellissier
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Agnès Loubat
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Alexandra Popa
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, IPMC, CNRS UMR7275, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Agnès Paquet
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, IPMC, CNRS UMR7275, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Marco Presta
- Unit of Oncology and Experimental Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Cayuela
- Telomerase, Aging and Cancer Group, Research Unit, Department of Surgery, CIBERehd, University Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", Murcia, Spain. Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Patrick Martin
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Franck Borgese
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Soriani
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, iBV, Nice, France. CNRS, iBV, UMR7277, Nice, France. INSERM U1091, Nice, France.
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Martial S. Involvement of ion channels and transporters in carcinoma angiogenesis and metastasis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C710-27. [PMID: 26791487 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00218.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a finely tuned process, which is the result of the equilibrium between pro- and antiangiogenic factors. In solid tumor angiogenesis, the balance is highly in favor of the production of new, but poorly functional blood vessels, initially intended to provide growing tumors with nutrients and oxygen. Among the numerous proteins involved in tumor development, several types of ion channels are overexpressed in tumor cells, as well as in stromal and endothelial cells. Ion channels thus actively participate in the different hallmarks of cancer, especially in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Indeed, from their strategic localization in the plasma membrane, ion channels are key operators of cell signaling, as they sense and respond to environmental changes. This review aims to decipher how ion channels of different families are intricately involved in the fundamental angiogenesis and metastasis hallmarks, which lead from a nascent tumor to systemic dissemination. An overview of the possible use of ion channels as therapeutic targets will also be given, showing that ion channel inhibitors or specific antibodies may provide effective tools, in the near future, in the treatment of carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Martial
- Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement, CNRS UMR 7284, Inserm U1081, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
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hERG1 Potassium Channels: Novel Biomarkers in Human Solid Cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:896432. [PMID: 26339650 PMCID: PMC4538961 DOI: 10.1155/2015/896432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of their high incidence and mortality solid cancers are a major health problem worldwide. Although several new biomarkers and potential targets for therapy have been identified through biomolecular research in the last years, the effects on patients' outcome are still unsatisfactory. Increasing evidence indicates that hERG1 potassium channels are overexpressed in human primary cancers of different origin and several associations between hERG1 expression and clinicopathological features and/or outcome are emerging. Aberrant hERG1 expression may be exploited either for early diagnosis (especially in those cancers where it is expressed in the initial steps of tumor progression) or for therapy purposes. Indeed, hERG1 blockage impairs tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo in preclinical mouse model. hERG1-based tumor therapy in humans, however, encounters the major hindrance of the potential cardiotoxicity that many hERG1 blockers exert. In this review we focus on recent advances in translational research in some of the most frequent human solid cancers (breast, endometrium, ovary, pancreas, esophagus, stomach, and colorectum) that have been shown to express hERG1 and that are a major health problem.
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Lastraioli E, Perrone G, Sette A, Fiore A, Crociani O, Manoli S, D'Amico M, Masselli M, Iorio J, Callea M, Borzomati D, Nappo G, Bartolozzi F, Santini D, Bencini L, Farsi M, Boni L, Di Costanzo F, Schwab A, Onetti Muda A, Coppola R, Arcangeli A. hERG1 channels drive tumour malignancy and may serve as prognostic factor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1076-87. [PMID: 25719829 PMCID: PMC4366888 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: hERG1 channels are aberrantly expressed in human cancers. The expression, functional role and clinical significance of hERG1 channels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lacking. Methods: hERG1 expression was tested in PDAC primary samples assembled as tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry using an anti-hERG1 monoclonal antibody (α-hERG1-MoAb). The functional role of hERG1 was studied in PDAC cell lines and primary cultures. ERG1 expression during PDAC progression was studied in Pdx-1-Cre,LSL-KrasG12D/+,LSL-Trp53R175H/+ transgenic (KPC) mice. ERG1 expression in vivo was determined by optical imaging using Alexa-680-labelled α-hERG1-MoAb. Results: (i) hERG1 was expressed at high levels in 59% of primary PDAC; (ii) hERG1 blockade decreased PDAC cell growth and migration; (iii) hERG1 was physically and functionally linked to the Epidermal Growth Factor-Receptor pathway; (iv) in transgenic mice, ERG1 was expressed in PanIN lesions, reaching high expression levels in PDAC; (v) PDAC patients whose primary tumour showed high hERG1 expression had a worse prognosis; (vi) the α-hERG1-MoAb could detect PDAC in vivo. Conclusions: hERG1 regulates PDAC malignancy and its expression, once validated in a larger cohort also comprising of late-stage, non-surgically resected cases, may be exploited for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in PDAC either ex vivo or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - G Perrone
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - A Sette
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - A Fiore
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - O Crociani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - S Manoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - M D'Amico
- 1] Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy [2] DI.V.A.L Toscana Srl, Via Madonna del Piano 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - M Masselli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - J Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - M Callea
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - D Borzomati
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - G Nappo
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - F Bartolozzi
- Casa di Cura Villa Margherita, Viale di Villa Massimo 48, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - D Santini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - L Bencini
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - M Farsi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - L Boni
- Clinical Trials Coordinating Center, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi/Istituto Toscano Tumori, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - F Di Costanzo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - A Schwab
- Physiologisches Institut II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27b, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - A Onetti Muda
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - R Coppola
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, via del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - A Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, Florence 50134, Italy
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Ion channel expression as promising cancer biomarker. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:2685-702. [PMID: 25542783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease with marked heterogeneity in both response to therapy and survival. Clinical and histopathological characteristics have long determined prognosis and therapy. The introduction of molecular diagnostics has heralded an explosion in new prognostic factors. Overall, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques have described important new prognostic subgroups in the different cancer categories. Ion channels and transporters (ICT) are a new class of membrane proteins which are aberrantly expressed in several types of human cancers. Besides regulating different aspect of cancer cell behavior, ICT can now represent novel cancer biomarkers. A summary of the data obtained so far and relative to breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, esophagus, pancreatic and gastric cancers are reported. Special emphasis is given to those studies aimed at relating specific ICT or a peculiar ICT profile with current diagnostic methods. Overall, we are close to exploit ICTs for diagnostic, prognostic or predictive purposes in cancer. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
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Fang J, Zhou SH, Fan J, Yan SX. Roles of glucose transporter-1 and the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/protein kinase B pathway in cancer radioresistance (review). Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1573-81. [PMID: 25376370 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying cancer radioresistance remain unclear. Several studies have found that increased glucose transporter‑1 (GLUT‑1) expression is associated with radioresistance. Recently, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway was reported to be involved in the control of GLUT‑1 trafficking and activity. Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway may itself be associated with cancer radioresistance. Thus, increasing attention has been devoted to the effects of modifying the expression of GLUT‑1 and the PI3K/Akt pathway on the increase in the radiosensitivity of cancer cells. This review discusses the importance of the association between elevated expression of GLUT‑1 and activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in the development of radioresistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing City, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Sen-Xiang Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Mitcheson J, Arcangeli A. The Therapeutic Potential of hERG1 K+ Channels for Treating Cancer and Cardiac Arrhythmias. ION CHANNEL DRUG DISCOVERY 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735087-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
hERG potassium channels present pharmacologists and medicinal chemists with a dilemma. On the one hand hERG is a major reason for drugs being withdrawn from the market because of drug induced long QT syndrome and the associated risk of inducing sudden cardiac death, and yet hERG blockers are still widely used in the clinic to treat cardiac arrhythmias. Moreover, in the last decade overwhelming evidence has been provided that hERG channels are aberrantly expressed in cancer cells and that they contribute to tumour cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and neoangiogenesis. Here we provide an overview of the properties of hERG channels and their role in excitable cells of the heart and nervous system as well as in cancer. We consider the therapeutic potential of hERG, not only with regard to the negative impact due to drug induced long QT syndrome, but also its future potential as a treatment in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mitcheson
- University of Leicester, Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Sciences Building University Road Leicester LE1 9HN UK
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence Viale GB Morgagni, 50 50134 Firenze Italy
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Pier DM, Shehatou GSG, Giblett S, Pullar CE, Trezise DJ, Pritchard CA, Challiss RAJ, Mitcheson JS. Long-term channel block is required to inhibit cellular transformation by human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) potassium channels. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:211-21. [PMID: 24830940 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.091439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) and the closely related human ether-à-go-go (hEAG1) channel are aberrantly expressed in a large proportion of human cancers. In the present study, we demonstrate that transfection of hERG1 into mouse fibroblasts is sufficient to induce many features characteristic of malignant transformation. An important finding of this work is that this transformation could be reversed by chronic incubation (for 2-3 weeks) with the hERG channel blocker dofetilide (100 nM), whereas more acute applications (for 1-2 days) were ineffective. The hERG1 expression resulted in a profound loss of cell contact inhibition, multiple layers of overgrowing cells, and high saturation densities. Cells also changed from fibroblast-like to a more spindle-shaped morphology, which was associated with a smaller cell size, a dramatic increase in cell polarization, a reduction in the number of actin stress fibers, and less punctate labeling of focal adhesions. Analysis of single-cell migration and scratch-wound closure clearly demonstrated that hERG1-expressing cells migrated more rapidly than vector-transfected control cells. In contrast to previous studies on hEAG1, there were no increases in rates of proliferation, or loss of growth factor dependency; however, hERG1-expressing cells were capable of substrate-independent growth. Allogeneic transplantation of hERG1-expressing cells into nude mice resulted in an increased incidence of tumors. In contrast to hEAG1, the mechanism of cellular transformation is dependent on ion conduction. Trafficking-deficient and conduction-deficient hERG1 mutants also prevented cellular transformation. These results provide evidence that hERG1 expression is sufficient to induce cellular transformation by a mechanism distinct from hEAG1. The most important conclusion of this study is that selective hERG1 channel blockers have therapeutic potential in the treatment of hERG1-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Pier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - George S G Shehatou
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Susan Giblett
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Christine E Pullar
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Derek J Trezise
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Catrin A Pritchard
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - R A John Challiss
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - John S Mitcheson
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
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Lastraioli E, Boni L, Romoli MR, Crescioli S, Taddei A, Beghelli S, Tomezzoli A, Vindigni C, Saragoni L, Messerini L, Bernini M, Bencini L, Giommoni E, Freschi G, Di Costanzo F, Scarpa A, Morgagni P, Farsi M, Roviello F, De Manzoni G, Bechi P, Arcangeli A. VEGF-A clinical significance in gastric cancers: immunohistochemical analysis of a wide Italian cohort. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:1291-8. [PMID: 24784776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical significance of VEGF-A expression in gastric cancer (GC) has been reported with contradicting results. We analyzed the expression and clinical significance of VEGF-A in a wide Italian cohort of GC specimens. METHODS VEGF-A expression was tested by immunohistochemistry in 507 patients with GC of all clinical stages. The impact of VEGF-A on overall survival (OS) was evaluated in conjunction with clinical and pathological parameters. RESULTS In the Italian cohort we studied VEGF-A was not an independent prognostic factor neither at the univariate nor at multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Although frequently expressed, in our study VEGF-A was not able to discriminate between groups of patients with different risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lastraioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - L Boni
- Clinical Trials Coordinating Center, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi/Istituto Toscano Tumori, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - M R Romoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Crescioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Taddei
- Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Beghelli
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - A Tomezzoli
- Pathology Division, Borgo Trento Hospital, Piazzale A Stefani 1, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - C Vindigni
- Pathology Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Viale M Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - L Saragoni
- Pathology Division, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Via C Forlanini 34, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - L Messerini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - M Bernini
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L Bencini
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - E Giommoni
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Freschi
- Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - F Di Costanzo
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Scarpa
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - P Morgagni
- General Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Via C Forlanini 34, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - M Farsi
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F Roviello
- Department of General Surgery and Oncology, University of Siena, Viale M Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - G De Manzoni
- Division of Surgery, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - P Bechi
- Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Arcangeli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo GA Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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Crociani O, Lastraioli E, Boni L, Pillozzi S, Romoli MR, D'Amico M, Stefanini M, Crescioli S, Masi A, Taddei A, Bencini L, Bernini M, Farsi M, Beghelli S, Scarpa A, Messerini L, Tomezzoli A, Vindigni C, Morgagni P, Saragoni L, Giommoni E, Gasperoni S, Di Costanzo F, Roviello F, De Manzoni G, Bechi P, Arcangeli A. hERG1 channels regulate VEGF-A secretion in human gastric cancer: clinicopathological correlations and therapeutical implications. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:1502-12. [PMID: 24449824 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE hERG1 channels are aberrantly expressed in several types of human cancers, where they affect different aspects of cancer cell behavior. A thorough analysis of the functional role and clinical significance of hERG1 channels in gastric cancer is still lacking. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN hERG1 expression was tested in a wide (508 samples) Italian cohort of surgically resected patients with gastric cancer, by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR. The functional link between hERG1 and the VEGF-A was studied in different gastric cancer cell lines. The effects of hERG1 and VEGF-A inhibition were evaluated in vivo in xenograft mouse models. RESULTS hERG1 was positive in 69% of the patients and positivity correlated with Lauren's intestinal type, fundus localization of the tumor, G1-G2 grading, I and II tumor-node-metastasis stage, and VEGF-A expression. hERG1 activity modulated VEGF-A secretion, through an AKT-dependent regulation of the transcriptional activity of the hypoxia inducible factor. Treatment of immunodeficient mice xenografted with human gastric cancer cells, with a combination of hERG1 blockers and anti-VEGF-A antibodies, impaired tumor growth more than single-drug treatments. CONCLUSION Our results show that hERG1 (i) is aberrantly expressed in human gastric cancer since its early stages; (ii) drives an intracellular pathway leading to VEGF-A secretion; (iii) can be exploited to identify a gastric cancer patients' group where a combined treatment with antiangiogenic drugs and noncardiotoxic hERG1 inhibitors could be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Crociani
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence; Clinical Trials Coordinating Center; General Surgery and Surgical Oncology; Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence; Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, Division of Surgery, University of Verona; Pathology Division, Borgo Trento Hospital, Verona; Pathology Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Department of General Surgery and Oncology, University of Siena, Siena; and General Surgery and Division of Pathology, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
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41
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Pillozzi S, Accordi B, Rebora P, Serafin V, Valsecchi MG, Basso G, Arcangeli A. Differential expression of hERG1A and hERG1B genes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia identifies different prognostic subgroups. Leukemia 2014; 28:1352-5. [PMID: 24429499 PMCID: PMC4051215 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Pillozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - B Accordi
- Oncohematology Laboratory, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - P Rebora
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - V Serafin
- Oncohematology Laboratory, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M G Valsecchi
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Basso
- Oncohematology Laboratory, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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42
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hERG1 channels modulate integrin signaling to trigger angiogenesis and tumor progression in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3308. [PMID: 24270902 PMCID: PMC3839040 DOI: 10.1038/srep03308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a potential target for cancer therapy. We identified a novel signaling pathway that sustains angiogenesis and progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). This pathway is triggered by β1 integrin-mediated adhesion and leads to VEGF-A secretion. The effect is modulated by the human ether-à-go-go related gene 1 (hERG1) K+ channel. hERG1 recruits and activates PI3K and Akt. This in turn increases the Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-dependent transcription of VEGF-A and other tumour progression genes. This signaling pathway has novel features in that the integrin- and hERG1-dependent activation of HIF (i) is triggered in normoxia, especially after CRC cells have experienced a hypoxic stage, (ii) involves NF-kB and (iii) is counteracted by an active p53. Blocking hERG1 switches this pathway off also in vivo, by inhibiting cell growth, angiogenesis and metastatic spread. This suggests that non-cardiotoxic anti-hERG1 drugs might be a fruitful therapeutic strategy to prevent the failure of anti-VEGF therapy.
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Fiore A, Carraresi L, Morabito A, Polvani S, Fortunato A, Lastraioli E, Femia AP, De Lorenzo E, Caderni G, Arcangeli A. Characterization of hERG1 channel role in mouse colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Med 2013; 2:583-94. [PMID: 24403225 PMCID: PMC3892791 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG)1 K+ channel is upregulated in human colorectal cancer cells and primary samples. In this study, we examined the role of hERG1 in colorectal carcinogenesis using two mouse models: adenomatous polyposis coli (Apcmin/+) and azoxymethane (AOM)-treated mice. Colonic polyps of Apcmin/+ mice overexpressed mERG1 and their formation was reverted by the hERG1 blocker E4031. AOM was applied to either hERG1-transgenic (TG) mice, which overexpress hERG1 in the mucosa of the large intestine, or wild-type mice. A significant increase of both mucin-depleted foci and polyps in the colon of hERG1-TG mice was detected. Both the intestine of TG mice and colonic polyps of Apcmin/+ showed an upregulation of phospho-Protein Kinase B (pAkt)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and an increased angiogenesis, which were reverted by treatment with E4031. On the whole, this article assigns a relevant role to hERG1 in the process of in vivo colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Fiore
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Istituto Toscano Tumori, Florence, Italy
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Immunohistochemical biomarkers in gastric cancer research and management. Int J Surg Oncol 2012; 2012:868645. [PMID: 22778942 PMCID: PMC3388584 DOI: 10.1155/2012/868645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer still represents a major health problem, despite a decrease in its incidence in the last years. Due to the social impact of gastric cancer (GC), there is a need for novel biomarkers in order to stratify patients into appropriate screening, surveillance, or treatment programs. Although histopathology remains the most reliable and less expensive method, numerous efforts have been made searching for novel biomarkers. In recent years, several molecules have been identified and tested for their clinical relevance in GC management. In this paper, we will focus on a well-known GC marker, whose determination is mandatory in GC, HER2, a marker whose correlation with prognosis is still controversial (VEGF-A) and a quite novel, unconventional marker, the ether-à-go-go-related gene 1 (hERG1). All these proteins can be easily detected with immunohistochemistry, a technique widely used both in diagnostic and research laboratories that represents a link between surgical and molecular pathology, basic science, and clinical medicine.
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