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Meraz-Medina T, Rúa-Vázquez PD, Montealegre-Bautista JF, Martínez-Ibarra JA. Infection with Trypanosoma Cruzi Chagas and Characterization of Human Habitats of Triatoma Picturata (Usinger) in Western Mexico. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2023; 48:66-71. [PMID: 37843448 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-48.2.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America. Triatoma picturata (Usinger), distributed in western Mexico, is one of the most important vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas. Knowing the type and materials used for building homes could lead to improved methods for controlling triatomines by focusing efforts on controlling every species of triatomine in its specific microhabitat. Houses in three studied localities of western Mexico that harbored T. picturata were characterized, as well as two entomological indices. Infestation Index values varied from 10.8% to 51.9% in the three localities, whereas Natural Infection Index values varied from 18.1% to 35.2%. Characteristics of houses invaded by T. picturata also varied. In Juan Gil Preciado, with the highest Entomological Index values, most houses were built of adobe walls with a roof of clay tiles and a dirt floor, and included the presence of domestic animals. Our data indicate that the potential risk of infection with T. cruzi differs markedly for inhabitants of the three studied localities, which demonstrates the importance of studying local populations of triatomines. Our study should contribute to decision-making regarding triatomine control efforts by providing profiles of houses that are more susceptible to triatomine invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzintli Meraz-Medina
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - Paulo Daniel Rúa-Vázquez
- Maestría en Salud Pública, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - José Francisco Montealegre-Bautista
- Maestría en Salud Pública, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México,
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Nogueda-Torres B, Galaviz-Silva L, Villalvazo-Bejines G, Molina-Garza ZJ, Martínez-Ibarra JA. Impact of home improvements and health education on the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas in a rural area of western Mexico. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2022; 47:171-178. [PMID: 36314671 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-47.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America. Instituting home improvement preventive measures and increasing health education contribute to successful control of the triatomine insect vector. The impact of home and road improvements and health education upon the inhabitants of 37 human dwellings in three small towns in western Mexico were studied. Initially, few house roofs were made of concrete and few walls were cement-lined. Almost all houses initially lacked metal window screens and none used barbed wire fences. One year after the intervention, all of these measures were more common, and almost 100% of houses continued to use window screens and barbed wire fences ten years post-intervention. By ten years post-intervention, >75% of houses had cement-lined walls. Initially, 24.3% of human dwellings were infested with Triatoma longipennis Usinger; at one and ten years post-intervention, only 2.7% of dwellings were infested. The abundance of peridomestic opossums decreased after intervention and remained low ten years later. Approximately 10% of dogs were infected in both surveys. Human infections decreased from 2.98% to zero by 13 years post-intervention. Implementation of these intervention measures led to the successful control of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas transmission in these towns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Nogueda-Torres
- Departamento de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lucio Galaviz-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Ave. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, CP 66455, México
| | - Gabriela Villalvazo-Bejines
- Maestría en Salud Pública, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - Zinnia Judith Molina-Garza
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Ave. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, CP 66455, México
| | - José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México,
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Meraz-Medina T, Nogueda-Torres B, Ceballos-Rodríguez RS, Godínez-Aceves KC, Martínez-Ibarra JA. Enhancing fitness in offspring of crosses between two triatomine species. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2019; 44:173-178. [PMID: 31124236 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is one of the main vector-borne diseases in Latin America, including Mexico. Understanding the biological parameters of the triatomine species is a crucial first step in estimating the epidemiologic importance of each group. The aim of this study was to compare the biological fitness of Meccus pallidipennis (Stål), M. bassolsae (Alejandre, Nogueda, Cortez, Jurberg, Galvão, Carcavallo) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) and their laboratory hybrids, by estimating six biological parameters in order to increase the knowledge of the potential role of triatomine hybrids in the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi to reservoir hosts. Biological parameters related to lifespan, number of blood meals to molt, mortality for each instar, percentage of females at the end of the cycle, number of eggs laid, and hatching of eggs in four cohorts of 100 specimens of M. pallidipennis, M. bassolsae, and their laboratory hybrids were evaluated and compared. In four of the six studied parameters (accumulative mortality, the percentage of females, mean number of laid eggs, and egg hatching), the hybrid cohorts had better fitness results than the parental cohorts. The increase in hybrid fitness found in our study could lead to an increase in the epidemiologic risks caused by transmission of T. cruzi to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzintli Meraz-Medina
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - Benjamín Nogueda-Torres
- COFAA Grant Fellow, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René Salvador Ceballos-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - Karla Cytlalli Godínez-Aceves
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
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Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Valiente-Banuet L, Sánchez-Cordero V, Stephens CR, Ramsey JM. Trypanosoma cruzi reservoir-triatomine vector co-occurrence networks reveal meta-community effects by synanthropic mammals on geographic dispersal. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3152. [PMID: 28413725 PMCID: PMC5391790 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary patterns of land use and global climate change are modifying regional pools of parasite host species. The impact of host community changes on human disease risk, however, is difficult to assess due to a lack of information about zoonotic parasite host assemblages. We have used a recently developed method to infer parasite-host interactions for Chagas Disease (CD) from vector-host co-occurrence networks. Vector-host networks were constructed to analyze topological characteristics of the network and ecological traits of species’ nodes, which could provide information regarding parasite regional dispersal in Mexico. Twenty-eight triatomine species (vectors) and 396 mammal species (potential hosts) were included using a data-mining approach to develop models to infer most-likely interactions. The final network contained 1,576 links which were analyzed to calculate centrality, connectivity, and modularity. The model predicted links of independently registered Trypanosoma cruzi hosts, which correlated with the degree of parasite-vector co-occurrence. Wiring patterns differed according to node location, while edge density was greater in Neotropical as compared to Nearctic regions. Vectors with greatest public health importance (i.e., Triatoma dimidiata, T. barberi, T. pallidipennis, T. longipennis, etc), did not have stronger links with particular host species, although they had a greater frequency of significant links. In contrast, hosts classified as important based on network properties were synanthropic mammals. The latter were the most common parasite hosts and are likely bridge species between these communities, thereby integrating meta-community scenarios beneficial for long-range parasite dispersal. This was particularly true for rodents, >50% of species are synanthropic and more than 20% have been identified as T. cruzi hosts. In addition to predicting potential host species using the co-occurrence networks, they reveal regions with greater expected parasite mobility. The Neotropical region, which includes the Mexican south and southeast, and the Transvolcanic belt, had greatest potential active T. cruzi dispersal, as well as greatest edge density. This information could be directly applied for stratification of transmission risk and to design and analyze human-infected vector contact intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos N Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios de Avanzados (Cinvestav) del IPN Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Leopoldo Valiente-Banuet
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Cordero
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Christopher R Stephens
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Janine M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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Flores-Villegas AL, Cabrera-Bravo M, Toriello C, Bucio-Torres MI, Salazar-Schettino PM, Córdoba-Aguilar A. Survival and immune response of the Chagas vector Meccus pallidipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) against two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:176. [PMID: 27012246 PMCID: PMC4806461 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease is a key health problem in Latin America and is caused and transmitted by Trypanosoma cruzi and triatomine bugs, respectively. Control of triatomines has largely relied on the use pyrethroids, which has proved to be ineffective in the long term. Alternatively, the use of entomopathogenic fungi has been implemented to control triatomine bugs. These fungi are highly efficient as they induce a reduction in immune response on insects. Meccus pallidipennis is the main triatomine vector of Chagas disease in Mexico. In this work we investigated the effects of two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea, on M. pallidipennis nymphs in terms of insect survival and immune response. METHODS We had an infected and a control group for each fungal species and assessed: a) insect survival during 30 days; and, b) phenoloxidase (PO) and prophenoloxidase (proPO; two key traits in insect immune response) at 24, 48, 96 and 144 h. For survival we used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis while for immune response we used factorial, repeated-measures ANOVA for each fungal species. RESULTS Animals treated with M. anisopliae died sooner than animals treated with I. fumosorosea. Infected animals showed lower PO and proPO values than sham individuals, with a clear decrease in these parameters at 24 h with no further changes after this time. CONCLUSIONS Our study widens the possibility of entomopathogenic fungi being used for triatomine control. The negative effect on PO and proPO seems mediated by a down-regulation of the triatomine immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Laura Flores-Villegas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico
| | - Margarita Cabrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico
| | - Conchita Toriello
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico
| | - Martha I Bucio-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico
| | - Paz María Salazar-Schettino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico.
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. P. 70-275, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Coyoacán, Distrito Federal, Mexico.
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Martínez-Ibarra JA, Nogueda-Torres B, García-Lino JC, Arroyo-Reyes D, Salazar-Montaño LF, Hernández-Navarro JÁ, Díaz-Sánchez CG, Toro-Arreola ESD, Rocha-Chávez G. Importance of Hybrids of Meccus phyllosomus mazzottii, and M. p. pallidipennis, and M. p. phyllosomus to the Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Mexico. Jpn J Infect Dis 2015; 69:202-6. [PMID: 26255738 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid2015.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The time interval before beginning feeding, feeding time, and defecation delay for 3 Triatominae subspecies, Meccus phyllosomus mazzottii (Ma), M. p. pallidipennis (Pa), and M. p. phyllosomus (Phy) and their laboratory hybrids were evaluated. The mean time interval for beginning feeding was between 0.1 and 10.1 min for all nymphal instars in each cohort, with significant (P < 0.05) differences among hybrids and parental cohorts. Four (both MaPa and MaPhy) hybrid cohorts had similar mean feeding times to that recorded for one of their parental subspecies, but shorter than the other, whereas the remaining hybrid cohorts (both PaPhy) had longer feeding times than did both of their parental subspecies. The specimens of MaPa defecated later than the respective instars on their parental subspecies, whereas most instars of the remaining 4 hybrid cohorts (MaPhy and PaPhy) defecated earlier than the respective instars of M. p. phyllosomus. Between 40% and 50% of the defecation events occurred when feeding in MaPhy and PaPhy hybrid cohorts. Given these results, the hybrid cohorts were more effective vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi than their parental subspecies, which could indicate a potentially higher risk of transmission of T. cruzi to reservoir hosts.
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Martínez I, Martínez-Ibarra A, Arce-Fonseca M, Rodríguez-Morales O, Pérez-Morales D, Reyes López PA, Espinoza B. Seroprevalence and major antigens recognized by sera from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected dogs from Jalisco, México. Rev Argent Microbiol 2014; 46:85-90. [PMID: 25011589 DOI: 10.1016/s0325-7541(14)70053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a major endemic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This parasitic disease is widely distributed throughout Latin America, affecting 10 million people. There are also reports of canine infection in the southern part of the United States. Dogs are considered the predominant domestic reservoir for T. cruzi in many areas of endemicity. In México, dog infection by this parasite has been poorly studied. In this work 209 dogs from six villages in Jalisco, México, were assessed to detect anti-T. cruzi antibodies by ELISA and Western blot. Seventeen (17) seropositive dogs (8.1 %) were detected by both tests, representing a seropositive value similar to that found in some southern states of México where the infection is present. No statistical differences were observed concerning the age and sex of infected and non-infected dogs. The major antigens recognized by positive sera were 26, 32, 66 and 80kDa. These proteins are candidates to develop a specific diagnostic method for canine Chagas. No antibodies against HSP16 protein were found in T. cruzi seropositive sera. This is the first report of canine serology of Chagas disease in this central part of México. This report will contribute to the knowledge of the infection status of domestic reservoirs in the state of Jalisco, México.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Martínez
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Del. Coyoacán, México City, México
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra
- Área de Entomología Médica, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - Minerva Arce-Fonseca
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City, México
| | - Olivia Rodríguez-Morales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City, México
| | - Deyanira Pérez-Morales
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Del. Coyoacán, México City, México
| | - Pedro A Reyes López
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular y Proteómica, Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City, México
| | - Bertha Espinoza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Del. Coyoacán, México City, México.
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Martínez-Tovar JG, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Fernández Salas I. Seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection in blood donors and Chagas cardiomyopathy in patients from the coal mining region of Coahuila, Mexico. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2014; 56:169-74. [PMID: 24626421 PMCID: PMC4085840 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652014000200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Context and Objective: Chagas disease is considered a worldwide emerging
disease; it is endemic in Mexico and the state of Coahuila and is considered of
little relevance. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of
T. cruzi infection in blood donors and Chagas cardiomyopathy in
patients from the coal mining region of Coahuila, Mexico. Design and Setting: Epidemiological, exploratory and prospective study
in a general hospital during the period January to June 2011. Methods: We performed laboratory tests ELISA and indirect
hemagglutination in three groups of individuals: 1) asymptomatic voluntary blood
donors, 2) patients hospitalized in the cardiology department and 3) patients with
dilated cardiomyopathy. Results: There were three levels of seroprevalence: 0.31% in
asymptomatic individuals, 1.25% in cardiac patients and in patients with dilated
cardiomyopathy in 21.14%. Conclusions: In spite of having detected autochthonous cases of Chagas
disease, its importance to local public health remains to be established as well as
the details of the dynamics of transmission so that the study is still in
progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Gerardo Martínez-Tovar
- Doctoral Student. Hospital General de Zona No 24, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Nueva RositaCoahuila, México, Doctoral Student. Hospital General de Zona No 24, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Nueva Rosita, Coahuila, México
| | - Eduardo A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Medical Entomologist. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Entomología Médica
| | - Ildefonso Fernández Salas
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Medical Entomologist. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Entomología Médica
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Espinoza B, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Villalobos G, De La Torre P, Laclette JP, Martínez-Hernández F. Genetic variation of North American Triatomines (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae): initial divergence between species and populations of Chagas disease vector. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012; 88:275-84. [PMID: 23249692 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The triatomines vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi are principal factors in acquiring Chagas disease. For this reason, increased knowledge of domestic transmission of T. cruzi and control of its insect vectors is necessary. To contribute to genetic knowledge of North America Triatominae species, we studied genetic variations and conducted phylogenetic analysis of different triatomines species of epidemiologic importance. Our analysis showed high genetic variations between different geographic populations of Triatoma mexicana, Meccus longipennis, M. mazzottii, M. picturatus, and T. dimidiata species, suggested initial divergence, hybridation, or classifications problems. In contrast, T. gerstaeckeri, T. bolivari, and M. pallidipennis populations showed few genetics variations. Analysis using cytochrome B and internal transcribed spacer 2 gene sequences indicated that T. bolivari is closely related to the Rubrofasciata complex and not to T. dimidiata. Triatoma brailovskyi and T. gerstaeckeri showed a close relationship with Dimidiata and Phyllosoma complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertha Espinoza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México.
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Stevens L, Dorn PL, Schmidt JO, Klotz JH, Lucero D, Klotz SA. Kissing bugs. The vectors of Chagas. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2011; 75:169-92. [PMID: 21820556 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385863-4.00008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A complete picture of Chagas disease requires an appreciation of the many species of kissing bugs and their role in transmitting this disease to humans and other mammals. This chapter provides an overview of the taxonomy of the major species of kissing bugs and their evolution. Knowledge of systematics and biological kinship of these insects may contribute to novel and useful measures to control the bugs. The biology of kissing bugs, their life cycle, method of feeding and other behaviours contributing to the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi are explained. We close with a discussion of vector control measures and the allergic complications of kissing bug bites, a feature of particular importance in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Stevens
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Salazar-Schettino PM, Rojas-Wastavino GE, Cabrera-Bravo M, Bucio-Torres MI, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Monroy-Escobar MC, Rodas-Retana A, Guevara-Gómez Y, Vences-Blanco MO, Ruiz-Hernández AL, Torres-Gutiérrez E. Revisión de 13 especies de la familia Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) vectores de la enfermedad de Chagas, en México. JOURNAL OF THE SELVA ANDINA RESEARCH SOCIETY 2010. [DOI: 10.36610/j.jsars.2010.1001000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Los transmisores de Trypanosoma cruzi, flagelado causante de la enfermedad, se dividen en intradomiciliados, peridomiciliados y silvestres. Entre los intradomiciliados se encuentran, Triatoma barberi y Triatoma dimidiata, que son los que representan un mayor riesgo para la Salud Pública, en México. Aunque Triatoma dimidiata se encuentra principalmente dentro de la vivienda, en Yucatán tiene un comportamiento peridomiciliar, dentro de este grupo se encuentran la mayoría de los transmisores de la enfermedad de Chagas Meccus longipennis, M. mazzottii, M. pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M. picturatus, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, T. mexicana, T. rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima, Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus y Rhodnius prolixus. Los transmisores peridomiciliados son de menor riesgo en la dinámica de transmisión comparados con los intradomiciliados. Para el control de los transmisores intradomiciliados, se deben emplear programas de educación para la salud, mejoramiento de vivienda e insecticidas; mientras que para los vectores visitantes o peridomiciliados, son necesarios programas de educación para la salud, uso de mosquiteros, pabellones y cementación de las bardas de piedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz Maria Salazar-Schettino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - Gloria Elena Rojas-Wastavino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - Margarita Cabrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - Martha Irene Bucio-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra
- Área de Entomología Médica, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara. Avenida Prolongación Colon s/n Km 1 Carretera Cd Guzmán-Guadalajara Jalisco
| | | | - Antonieta Rodas-Retana
- Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Laboratorio de Entomología Aplicada y Parasitología
| | - Yolanda Guevara-Gómez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - Mauro Omar Vences-Blanco
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - Adela Luisa Ruiz-Hernández
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
| | - Elia Torres-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio A 2º Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, DF
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Martínez-Hernandez F, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Catalá S, Villalobos G, de la Torre P, Laclette JP, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Espinoza B. Natural crossbreeding between sympatric species of the phyllosoma complex (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae) indicate the existence of only one species with morphologic and genetic variations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010; 82:74-82. [PMID: 20064999 PMCID: PMC2803513 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome B gene and the antennal phenotypes were analyzed for the following triatomine species: Triatoma longipennis, Triatoma pallidipennis, and Triatoma picturata, which belong to the Phyllosoma complex. These species inhabit sympatric areas from Talpa de Allende, Autlan de Navarro, and Teocuitatlan de Corona in Jalisco, Mexico. Molecular marker analysis showed that the sympatric individuals are the natural crossbred descendents of different individuals living in close proximity in these natural areas that resulted in mixed populations. The antennal phenotype results are coincident with these genetic findings, which point to the high similitude between all Phyllosoma complex populations analyzed. These data support the hypothesis that these species are morphotypes with chromatic and genetic varieties, which preserves the possibility of natural breeding with fertile descent. In conclusion, our results strongly support the hypothesis that T. pallidipennis, T. longipennis, and T. picturata are subspecies of the Phyllosoma complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez-Hernandez
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México.
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