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Montes de Oca-Aguilar AC, Euan-Canul RD, Sosa-Bibiano EI, López-Ávila KB, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Palacio-Vargas JA, Loría-Cervera EN. Phlebotomine sand flies in rural Mayan communities of Southern Mexico: The heterogeneity of the ruralscape increases the entomological risk. Acta Trop 2024; 249:107051. [PMID: 37875169 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
In the Yucatan Peninsula, tropical preserved forests harbor a high diversity of phlebotomine sand fly species, potential vectors of Leishmania. As a result, a significant risk of contracting localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) is associated with entry into these forest ecosystems. However, with the current trajectory of land use in the region, communities now live within modified landscapes which could increase their risk of contact with vectors. In this study, we characterized the sand fly fauna and its relationship with the characteristics of peridomestic habitats in two rural communities in Yucatan characterized by contrasting records of leishmaniasis. Five human dwellings in each community were randomly selected and the peridomestic landscape was characterized (i.e., type and percentage of land use). For the collection of sand flies, CDC traps were deployed in both the intra and peridomicile. Differences in alpha and beta diversity between communities and ecotopes were estimated considering three separate groups, all species together, zoophilic species, and anthropophilic species. In total, 1, 241 sand flies represented by eight species were collected from November 2021-March 2022. Both communities registered the presence of sand flies in the intra and peridomicile, and females were more abundant than males. However, the greatest diversity of species was recorded in the peridomicile of the community with the highest composition of land uses. Our study demonstrates that the transformation of the forest around the communities favors the abundance and richness of sand flies in the peridomestic environment. We discuss the limitations and implications of our findings regarding the potential risk of the emergence of peri‑rural cycles of leishmaniasis in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Ave. Itzáes No. 490 × 59-A, Col. Centro, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - R D Euan-Canul
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto Tecnológico de México, Campus Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E I Sosa-Bibiano
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Ave. Itzáes No. 490 × 59-A, Col. Centro, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - K B López-Ávila
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Ave. Itzáes No. 490 × 59-A, Col. Centro, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - J A Palacio-Vargas
- Dirección de Prevención y Protección de la Salud de los Servicios de Salud de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E N Loría-Cervera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Ave. Itzáes No. 490 × 59-A, Col. Centro, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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Paiz-Moscoso KE, Cisneros-Vázquez LA, Danís-Lozano R, Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Sánchez-Casas RM, Fernández-Salas I. Design and Evaluation of a Sticky Attractant Trap for Intra-Domiciliary Surveillance of Aedes aegypti Populations in Mexico. Insects 2023; 14:940. [PMID: 38132613 PMCID: PMC10743792 DOI: 10.3390/insects14120940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance consists of systematic data collection, analysis, and interpretation and is essential for planning and implementing control activities. The lack of success in the control and surveillance of the Ae. aegypti mosquito elsewhere demands the development of new accessible and effective strategies. This work aimed to develop and evaluate an adhesive lure trap for household indoor surveillance of Ae. aegypti. Based on a bibliographic review, four compounds that have significant attraction percentages for Ae. aegypti were considered. Our more effective blend was determined through preliminary bioassays using the high-throughput screening system (HITSS) and 90 × 90 cm mosquito cages. We designed a low-cost, pyramid-shaped, sticky cardboard trap to incorporate the selected blend. Semi-field 2 × 2 m cages and field tests were utilized to evaluate its effectiveness through mosquito capture percentages. In laboratory tests, blend number 2 presented an attraction percentage of 47.5 ± 4.8%; meanwhile, in semi-field cages, a 4-inch, 110 v powered fan was used to disperse the attractants, and then a similar capture percentage of 43.2 ± 4.0% was recorded. Results were recorded during the field evaluation of the at-house indoor environment and were compared with those recorded with the golden-standard BG-Sentinel trap, i.e., our prototype trapped an average of 6.0 ± 1.5 mosquitoes versus 10.0 ± 2.6. In most Latin American countries, there is a lack of formal and accessible strategies for monitoring adult populations of Ae. Aegypti; therefore, we must develop tools that reinforce entomological surveillance methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Elizabeth Paiz-Moscoso
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 30700, Mexico; (K.E.P.-M.); (E.A.R.-T.)
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula Chiapas 62100, Mexico; (L.A.C.-V.); (R.D.-L.)
| | - Luis Alberto Cisneros-Vázquez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula Chiapas 62100, Mexico; (L.A.C.-V.); (R.D.-L.)
| | - Rogelio Danís-Lozano
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula Chiapas 62100, Mexico; (L.A.C.-V.); (R.D.-L.)
| | - Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas
- Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 30700, Mexico;
| | - Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 30700, Mexico; (K.E.P.-M.); (E.A.R.-T.)
| | - Rosa María Sánchez-Casas
- Facultad de Medicina, Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 30700, Mexico
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 30700, Mexico; (K.E.P.-M.); (E.A.R.-T.)
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Montes de Oca-Aguilar AC, Pavón-Mendez MI, López-Ávila KB, Sosa-Bibiano EI, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Palacio-Vargas JA, Fernández-Figueroa EA, Loría-Cervera EN. Biting rhythms and infection rates of anthropophilic sand fly species (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in sites with different land use in southern Mexico. Acta Trop 2023; 248:107014. [PMID: 37696485 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Could tropical forest conversion shape sand fly (Diptera: Phlebotominae) biting rhythms and Leishmania infection rates? Using a Shannon trap, we estimated the bite rate and infection prevalence among anthropophilic sand flies at sites with different land use in southern Mexico. We estimated the expected monthly infection rate of the Leishmania parasite along the gradient and generated information on the biting rhythm of sand flies in a poorly characterized cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic region. We used generalized mixed linear and mixed additives models to evaluate differences in the biting rate, nocturnal activity, and inoculation rate of female sand flies, as well as their relationship with the loss of forest cover and environmental disparities recorded throughout the study area. Our results show that the loss of forest cover influences the biting rhythm of sand fly species and the potential number of infectious bites with Leishmania, but the greatest entomological and potential epidemiological risk continues to be associated with sylvatic areas (amplification events). Despite this, we detected that the effect of forest cover (%) on the entomological exposure seems to be also dependent on the sand fly species, and that, albeit to a lesser extent, Leishmania parasite is circulating in disturbed landscapes through generalist and competent sand fly vector species. We also found that land use change did not affect the nocturnal activity, however we detected that important vector species were active most of the time. Contrary to our expectation, temperature and humidity did not shape the biting rhythm of sand fly species. We discuss the limitations and epidemiological implications of our findings regarding the risk of contracting leishmaniasis in southern Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - M I Pavón-Mendez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - K B López-Ávila
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E I Sosa-Bibiano
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - J A Palacio-Vargas
- Dirección de Prevención y Protección de la Salud de los Servicios de Salud del Estado de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E A Fernández-Figueroa
- Núcleo B de Innovación en Medicina de Precisión, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico
| | - E N Loría-Cervera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
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Oca-Aguilar ACMD, Fernández-Figueroa EA, Pavón-Méndez MI, López-Ávila K, Sosa-Bibiano EI, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Palacio-Vargas JA, Miranda-Ortíz H, Loría-Cervera EN. First detection of Leishmania DNA in Lutzomyia longipalpis sensu lato (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in southem Mexico. J Vector Borne Dis 2023; 60:453-456. [PMID: 38174527 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.391880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Lutzomyia longipalpis sensu lato is an important vector of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Latin America. In Mexico, this species has been recorded in endemic areas of leishmaniasis transmission, but it has never been detected as infected with Leishmania sp. This study aimed to explore the presence of Leishmania DNA in Lutzomyia longipalpis s.l. from samples collected with a human baited trap from an endemic region of leishmaniasis in southeastern Mexico. Methods This is a prospective study where a total of 45 specimens of Lu. longipalpis s.l. collected in two sites of Yucatan state with records of leishmaniasis were tested. The nuclear ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer was amplified for the detection of Leishmania DNA. Results Two females were positive for Leishmania DNA. None of the specimens positive for parasite DNA were found fed or gravid. Our finding represents the first record of infection by Leishmania in Lu. longipalpis s.l. for the country. Interpretation & conclusion More studies are necessary to understand the potential role of this vector species in the transmission cycle of the causative agent of leishmaniasis in the southeastern and other regions of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Mexico
| | | | - Mariela I Pavón-Méndez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Mexico
| | - Karina López-Ávila
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Mexico
| | - Erika I Sosa-Bibiano
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Palacio-Vargas
- Dirección de Prevención y protección de la Salud de los Servicios del Estado de Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Elsy N Loría-Cervera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México
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Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ibáñez-Bernal S. Métodos de recolecta y monitoreo de adultos Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae), vectores de los agentes causales de las leishmaniasis. revbiomed 2023. [DOI: 10.32776/revbiomed.v34i1.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Los flebotominos son los vectores de diferentes especies de parásitos del género Leishmania, los cuales son los agentes etiológicos de variadas formas clínicas de las leishmaniasis. El principal riesgo de transmisión a humanos es el contacto con los vectores portadores del parásito, por lo que la actividad de incriminación de vectores y el entendimiento de las capacidades vectoriales de las especies son aspectos muy importantes desde el punto de vista epidemiológico. Entonces, es de suma relevancia estimar con precisión la presencia, abundancia, tasa de picadura, tasa de infección, estructura de edades, entre otras. para evaluar los riesgos de transmisión de Leishmania spp. y que la información generada pueda ser analizada y comprendida por los tomadores de decisiones en cuanto a políticas públicas de salud. Sin embargo, para que esta información de campo sea realmente útil al sector salud o para fines de investigación, los estimadores poblacionales deben tener un mínimo de sesgo con relación a las capturas de las especies de importancia médica o bien del ensamble biológico. El principal objetivo de la presente contribución es presentar una revisión descriptiva basada en la literatura publicada sobre los métodos más comúnmente empleados en la captura y monitoreo de flebotominos, haciendo énfasis en los estudios realizados en México y con discusiones acerca de cada método en cuanto ventajas, desventajas e interpretaciones. Así como, los aspectos generales del muestreo e inferencias poblaciones, con mención de las perspectivas futuras de investigación.
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Ibáñez-Bernal S, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Estado actual del conocimiento de los hábitos hematófagos de los Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) de México y sus implicaciones zoonóticas. revbiomed 2023. [DOI: 10.32776/revbiomed.v34i1.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Las preferencias hematófagas de los insectos determinan la asociación entre parásito, hospedero y vector, siendo indispensable para saber que especie mantiene la infección en los animales silvestres o domésticos y cuál la transfiere al humano, para que la parasitemia se convierta en una zoonosis. Conocer las fuentes de alimentación de sangre de las especies de vectores es un requisito para valorar el papel que juega cada una de ellas en la infección humana. En México se registran 50 especies de Phlebotominae y aunque las hembras de la subfamilia se mencionan como hematófagas de anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos; sus hábitos hematófagos y sus preferencias por hospederos son variados. Se hace una revisión descriptiva de la literatura sobre las preferencias hematófagas de las especies registradas en México, para valorar cuáles tienen especial importancia en la transmisión de Leishmania al humano y cuales mantienen la infección enzoótica en otros vertebrados, al tiempo que se incentiva el estudio de las preferencias hematófagas para aquellas cuyos hábitos alimentarios se desconocen.
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Huerta H, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Semblanza del Dr. Sergio Ibáñez Bernal. revbiomed 2023. [DOI: 10.32776/revbiomed.v34i1.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nació en la Ciudad de México el 19 de agosto de 1960, es hijo de la señora Beatriz Bernal Fernández y el señor Rodolfo Ibáñez Gámiz, y nieto del reconocido Manuel Carlos Bernal Mejía (El Declamador de América, Tío Polito).
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Rebollar-Téllez EA. Semblanza del Dr. Harald Seidelin. revbiomed 2023. [DOI: 10.32776/revbiomed.v34i1.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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de Oca-Aguilar ACM, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Sosa-Bibiano EI, López-Avila KB, Torres-Castro JR, Loría-Cervera EN. Effect of land use change on the phlebotomine sand fly assemblages in an emergent focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yucatan, Mexico. Acta Trop 2022; 235:106628. [PMID: 35952923 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
As land use intensifies in tropical forests, it is expected that species assemblages will be modified and that key functions of these ecosystems will be affected. The latter scenario is important from a public health perspective, because the land use change has been linked the outbreaks of vector-borne diseases. In this study, we evaluated the response of Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) assemblages and their pattern of co-occurrence in four sites with different land use in an emerging cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Yucatan, Mexico. Our hypothesis is that the conservation status (as forest cover) will positively influence the structure and composition of sand flies' assemblages. Using three different traps over a period of five months, a sampling effort of 1, 440 night-traps was performed. A total of 7, 897 sand fly specimens belonging to six genera and 10 species were collected. Our hypothesis was partially achieved since sand fly diversity increased as forest cover increased and vice versa, however random patterns of co-occurrence in assemblages were detected among sites. Even though the high abundance of sand flies in the forest fragment suggests an amplification effect, our results show that different vector species directly dominate in each site. We discuss the potential implications of the nestedness of species dominance. We suggest that in this emerging focus and under the land use gradient, Lutzomyia cruciata and Psathyromyia cratifer could play a pivotal role in maintaining the transmission cycles of Leishmania. The apparent generalist or colonialist profile of Lu. cruciata in disturbed areas deserves attention, due to the potential risk of leishmaniasis "domiciliation". This information is essential to understand the eco-epidemiology of leishmaniasis and the factors associated with its emergence in Yucatan, Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - E I Sosa-Bibiano
- Laboratorio de inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - K B López-Avila
- Laboratorio de inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - J R Torres-Castro
- Dirección de Prevención y Protección de la Salud de los Servicios de Salud del Estado de Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E N Loría-Cervera
- Laboratorio de inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
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Lozano-Sardaneta YN, Soto-Olguín NJ, Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Sánchez-Montes S, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Becker I. Molecular Detection of Bartonella sp. in Psathyromyia shannoni and Lutzomyia cruciata From Northeastern Mexico. Front Trop Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.780808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of Leishmania spp., Bartonella bacilliformis, and several arboviruses worldwide. In Mexico, the presence of Bartonella species is associated sporadically with arthropods and little is known on the diversity of insects that could be incriminated with its transmission. The aim of this study was to perform a molecular detection of Bartonella DNA in sand fly species collected in northeastern Mexico. Sand flies were collected at the states of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas from June to August 2010, using 16 light traps per night. Sand fly species were morphologically identified, and for Bartonella detection, we amplified ~378 bp of the citrate synthase gene (gltA). DNA sequences were compared in a phylogenetic reconstruction based on maximum likelihood. A total of 532 specimens from seven sand fly species were morphologically identified, where 11 specimens from Tamaulipas tested positive for the presence of a new lineage of Bartonella sp. associated with Psathyromyia shannoni and Lutzomyia cruciata. This work represents the second record of Bartonella-associated with sand flies outside of the endemic area of Carrion’s disease. More studies are necessary to understand their life cycle, transmission dynamics, and their relationship with sand fly species.
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Montes de Oca-Aguilar AC, Ibáñez-Bernal S, Rebollar-Téllez EA. First record of larval microhabitats of sandflies in Mexico with the description of the fourth instar larva of Brumptomyia hamata. Med Vet Entomol 2021; 35:302-314. [PMID: 33249628 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the medical importance of sandflies as vectors (Diptera: Phlebotominae) of Leishmania spp., immature stages of phlebotomine sandflies have never been found in the wild in Mexico. In the present investigation, we sought to identify specific microhabitats associated with the presence of sandfly immature stages. Field work was conducted in 11 localities of the Yucatan Peninsula and we collected soil samples from each site during two periods (November 2007 to April 2008, November 2008). Soil samples were transported to our base camp and were processed using the Berlese's funnels. We processed a total 242 soil samples with an average weight of 362 ± (SD) 317 gr. From these samples, we were able to recover 51 phlebotomine larvae in five different microhabitats and largest number was obtained from mammal burrows (88%) and from tree-buttresses of Brosimium alicastrum (Berg) (6%). We identified larval microhabitat for Brumptomyia hamata (Fairchild & Hertig) and those specimens provided the material to describe for the first time the fourth instar larva. We also include information of a larval microhabitat of Lutzomyia cruciata (Coquillett). In addition, we recorded a total of 4872 arthropods from 15 taxa in all those soil samples in which sandfly larvae were found, being Collembola (76%) and Acari (10%) the most abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Inmunología del Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - S Ibáñez-Bernal
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
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Mikery OF, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Cruz-López LC, Marina CF, Castillo A. Traditional and Geometric Morphometry Analyses of Lutzomyia cruciata (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Populations of Chiapas, Mexico. J Med Entomol 2019; 56:697-707. [PMID: 30615180 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of Lutzomyia (Tricholateralis) cruciata (Coquillett 1907) species complex has been suggested by morphological analysis of eggs and genetic studies of females. The present work aimed to compare the diversity in morphology of four populations of Lu. cruciata from the Coast of Chiapas, Mexico, using traditional (TM) and geometric (GM) methods. Several morphological characteristics that were analyzed provided consistency to differentiate at least, three populations of Lu. cruciata. Both methods were effective to detect morphological differences associated with the geographical sites of capture. In both sexes, three and four groups were detected by TM and GM, respectively. These results suggest marked morphological differences in both sexes of Lu. cruciata that make these methods potentially useful to identify the geographical origin of any specimen of this species captured in the study region. Although the results produced by both methods are coincident, geometric morphometrics turned out to be most advantageous with respect to traditional morphometry, since the latter requires more time and effort. The consistency of our results shows that the variability of environmental conditions on the coast of Chiapas determines a high degree of phenotypic plasticity in Lu. cruciata, with the possibility of prezygotic isolation and the formation of species complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- O F Mikery
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Grupo de Ecología y Manejo de Artrópodos, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - L C Cruz-López
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Grupo de Ecología y Manejo de Artrópodos, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - C F Marina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - A Castillo
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Grupo de Ecología y Manejo de Artrópodos, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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13
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Moo-Llanes DA, Pech-May A, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ramsey JM. Inferring distributional shifts of epidemiologically important North and Central American sandflies from Pleistocene to future scenarios. Med Vet Entomol 2019; 33:31-43. [PMID: 30039583 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nine sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) are suspected or proven vectors of Leishmania spp. in the North and Central America region. The ecological niches for these nine species were modelled in three time periods and the overlaps for all time periods of the geographic predictions (G space), and of ecological dimensions using pairwise comparisons of equivalent niches (E space), were calculated. Two Nearctic, six Neotropical and one species in both bioregions occupied a reduced number of distribution areas. The ecological niche projections for most sandfly species other than Lutzomyia shannoni and Lutzomyia ovallesi have not expanded significantly since the Pleistocene. Only three species increase significantly to 2050, whereas all others remain stable. Lutzomyia longipalpis shared a similar ecological niche with more species than any other, although both L. longipalpis and Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca had conserved distributions over time. Climate change, at both regional and local levels, will play a significant role in the temporal and spatial distributions of sandfly species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Moo-Llanes
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Federal District, Mexico
| | - A Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - C N Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Zoología de Invertebrados, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garzas, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - J M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Effect of trapping methods on the estimation of alpha diversity of a phlebotomine sandfly assemblage in southern Mexico. Med Vet Entomol 2017; 31:392-401. [PMID: 28815634 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the study were to (a) investigate the effect of trapping methods on alpha diversity; and (b) enhance the knowledge of the sandfly assemblage in the state of Quintana Roo. Field work was undertaken in a tropical forest of southern Mexico from August 2013 to July 2014. Sampling was conducted monthly during three consecutive nights. For each trapping night, 12 different types of trap were operated from 18.00 to 24.00 hours in four transects. Measures of alpha community diversity were based on the quantification of the number of species (Chao 2, Jackknife 2, Clench's equation, Margalef's index) and the community structure, as well as the dominance (Simpson and Berger-Parker indexes) and evenness (Shannon's entropy index, true diversity of the Jost and Pielou index). With a total sampling effort of 1728 night-traps, 16 101 phlebotomine sandflies were collected; they represented two genera and 13 species. Diversity estimates of 100% (Chao 2 and Clench's equation) and 85% (Jackknife 2) of potential species in the study area were calculated. Shannon traps and CDC light traps indicated the largest number of species, but only Shannon traps showed the greatest abundance. This inventory of sandflies is an important activity to enhance our knowledge of sandfly assemblages and guilds. The ultimate goal of studying alpha diversity in sandflies would be to have a better understanding of the population dynamics and all complex networks of interactions that may, in turn, be associated with the epidemiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Rodríguez-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
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15
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Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Rodríguez-Moreno Á, Berzunza-Cruz M, Gutiérrez-Granados G, Becker I, Sánchez-Cordero V, Stephens CR, Fernández-Salas I, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Ecology of phlebotomine sandflies and putative reservoir hosts of leishmaniasis in a border area in Northeastern Mexico: implications for the risk of transmission of Leishmania mexicana in Mexico and the USA. Parasite 2017; 24:33. [PMID: 28825400 PMCID: PMC5564009 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2017034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases are a group of important diseases transmitted to humans through the bite of sandfly vectors. Several forms of leishmaniases are endemic in Mexico and especially in the Southeast region. In the Northeastern region, however, there have only been isolated reports of cases and scanty records of sandfly vectors. The main objective of this study was to analyze the diversity of sandflies and potential reservoir hosts of Leishmania spp. in the states of Nuevo León and Tamaulipas. Species richness and abundances of sandflies and rodents were recorded. A fraction of the caught sandflies was analyzed by PCR to detect Leishmania spp. Tissues from captured rodents were also screened for infection. Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) were computed for species of rodent and their association with crop-growing areas. We found 13 species of sandflies, several of which are first records for this region. Medically important species such as Lutzomyia anthophora, Lutzomyia diabolica, Lutzomyia cruciata, and Lutzomyia shannoni were documented. Leishmania spp. infection was not detected in sandflies. Nine species of rodents were recorded, and Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana infection was found in four species of Peromyscus and Sigmodon. ENMs showed that potential distribution of rodent pest species overlaps with allocated crop areas. This shows that Leishmania (L.) mexicana infection is present in the Northeastern region of Mexico, and that previously unrecorded sandfly species occur in the same areas. These findings suggest a potential risk of transmission of Leishmania (L.) mexicana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas
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Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria C.P. 66450 San Nicolás de los Garza Nuevo León México
| | - Ángel Rodríguez-Moreno
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Departamento de Zoología Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N C.P. 04510 Coyoacán Ciudad de México México
| | - Miriam Berzunza-Cruz
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Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Balmis #148, Colonia Doctores C.P. 06726 Ciudad de México México
| | - Gabriel Gutiérrez-Granados
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Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla 5 de mayo S/N esquina Fuerte de Loreto, Col. Ejército de Oriente Iztapalapa C.P. 09230 Ciudad de México México
| | - Ingeborg Becker
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Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Balmis #148, Colonia Doctores C.P. 06726 Ciudad de México México
| | - Victor Sánchez-Cordero
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Departamento de Zoología Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N C.P. 04510 Coyoacán Ciudad de México México
| | - Christopher R. Stephens
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Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N. C.P. 04510 Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México México
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Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N. C.P. 04510 Coyoacán Ciudad de México México
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
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Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria C.P. 66450 San Nicolás de los Garza Nuevo León México
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Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Av. Carlos Canseco S/N.
C.P. 64460 Mitras Centro, Monterrey Nuevo León México
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Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública 19 Poniente Esquina 4ª Norte S/N. C.P. 30700 Centro Tapachula Chiapas México
| | - Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez
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Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria C.P. 66450 San Nicolás de los Garza Nuevo León México
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Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Av. Carlos Canseco S/N.
C.P. 64460 Mitras Centro, Monterrey Nuevo León México
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Montes de Oca-Aguilar AC, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Piermarini PM, Ibáñez-Bernal S. Descriptions of the Immature Stages of Lutzomyia (Tricholateralis) cruciata (Coquillett) (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae). Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:66-85. [PMID: 27631128 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study presents morphological and chaetotaxic descriptions of the immature stages of Lutzomyia (Tricholateralis) cruciata (Coquillett), a probable vector of leishmaniasis in Mexico. The egg exochorion is consistent with the species already known as Lu. (Tricholaterialis), but different from the Lu. cruciata egg of Chiapas, Mexico. The fourth instar larva of Lu. (Tricholateralis) cruciata possesses a novel antenna, combining morphological characteristics of categories 2 and 3 for neotropical sandflies. Differences between the chaetotaxy of first and fourth instar larvae of Lu. cruciata with those of Lu. (Lutzomyia) and Lu. (Tricholaterlis) are compared and discussed. This is the first time in which the chaetotaxy and morphology of pupa of a species belonging to Lutzomyia (Tricholateralis) sensu Galati have been described, and we recorded for the first time the anterior prothorax setae, which was previously only considered for Old World species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, CP 91070, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Depto de Zoología de Invertebrados, Lab de Entomología Médica, Univ Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, México
| | - P M Piermarini
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Dept of Entomology, Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S Ibáñez-Bernal
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, CP 91070, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
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17
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Pech-May A, Peraza-Herrera G, Moo-Llanes DA, Escobedo-Ortegón J, Berzunza-Cruz M, Becker-Fauser I, Montes DE Oca-Aguilar AC, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Assessing the importance of four sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) as vectors of Leishmania mexicana in Campeche, Mexico. Med Vet Entomol 2016; 30:310-320. [PMID: 27040367 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis represents a public health problem in many areas of Mexico, especially in the Yucatan Peninsula. An understanding of vector ecology and bionomics is of great importance in evaluations of the transmission dynamics of Leishmania parasites. A field study was conducted in the county of Calakmul, state of Campeche, during the period from November 2006 to March 2007. Phlebotomine sandfly vectors were sampled using Centers for Disease Control light traps, baited Disney traps and Shannon traps. A total of 3374 specimens were captured in the two villages of Once de Mayo (93.8%) and Arroyo Negro (6.1%). In Once de Mayo, the most abundant species were Psathyromyia shannoni, Lutzomyia cruciata, Bichromomyia olmeca olmeca and Psychodopygus panamensis (all: Diptera: Psychodidae). The Shannon trap was by far the most efficient method of collection. The infection rate, as determined by Leishmania mexicana-specific polymerase chain reaction, was 0.3% in Once de Mayo and infected sandflies included Psy. panamensis, B. o. olmeca and Psa. shannoni. There were significant differences in human biting rates across sandfly species and month of sampling. Ecological niche modelling analyses showed an overall overlap of 39.1% for the four species in the whole state of Campeche. In addition, the finding of nine vector-reservoir pairs indicates a potential interaction. The roles of the various sandfly vectors in Calakmul are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - G Peraza-Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - D A Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - J Escobedo-Ortegón
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - M Berzunza-Cruz
- Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - I Becker-Fauser
- Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | | | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDCS), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Arque-Chunga W, Fernández-Salas I, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Comparative Field Evaluation of Different Traps for Collecting Adult Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an Endemic Area of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Quintana Roo, Mexico. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2016; 32:103-116. [PMID: 27280348 DOI: 10.2987/moco-32-02-103-116.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phlebotominae are the vectors of Leishmania parasites. It is important to have available surveillance and collection methods for the sand fly vectors. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate and compare traps for the collection of sand fly species and to analyze trap catches along months and transects. Field evaluations over a year were conducted in an endemic area of leishmaniasis in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. A randomized-block design was implemented in study area with tropical rainforest vegetation. The study design utilized 4 transects with 11 trap types: 1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light trap with incandescent bulb (CDC-I), 2) CDC light trap with blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (CDC-B), 3) CDC light trap with white LEDs (CDC-W), 4) CDC light trap with red LEDs (CDC-R), 5) CDC light trap with green LEDs (CDC-G), 6) Disney trap, 7) Disney trap with white LEDs, 8) sticky panels, 9) sticky panels with white LEDs, 10) delta-like trap, and 11) delta-like trap with white LEDs. A total of 1,014 specimens of 13 species and 2 genera (Lutzomyia and Brumptomyia) were collected. There were significant differences in the mean number of sand flies caught with the 11 traps; CDC-I was (P = 0.0000) more effective than the other traps. Other traps exhibited the following results: CDC-W (17.46%), CDC-B (15.68%), CDC-G (14.89%), and CDC-R (14.30%). The relative abundance of different species varied according to trap types used, and the CDC-I trap attracted more specimens of the known vectors of Leishmania spp., such as like Lutzomyia cruciata, Lu. shannoni, and Lu. ovallesi. Disney trap captured more specimens of Lu. olmeca olmeca. Based on abundance and number of species, CDC light traps and Disney traps appeared to be good candidates for use in vector surveillance programs in this endemic area of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J Rodríguez-Rojas
- 1 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Avenida Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, CP 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Wilfredo Arque-Chunga
- 1 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Avenida Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, CP 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- 1 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Avenida Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, CP 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
- 2 Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Calle 4a Avenida Norte, Centro, CP 30700, Tapachula de Córdova y Ordoñez, Chiapas, México
| | - Eduardo A Rebollar-Téllez
- 1 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Avenida Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, CP 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
- 3 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDICS), Avenida Carlos Canseco s/n, Mitras Centro, CP 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
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19
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Berzunza-Cruz M, Rodríguez-Moreno Á, Gutiérrez-Granados G, González-Salazar C, Stephens CR, Hidalgo-Mihart M, Marina CF, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Bailón-Martínez D, Balcells CD, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Sánchez-Cordero V, Becker I. Leishmania (L.) mexicana infected bats in Mexico: novel potential reservoirs. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003438. [PMID: 25629729 PMCID: PMC4309399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana causes cutaneous leishmaniasis, an endemic zoonosis affecting a growing number of patients in the southeastern states of Mexico. Some foci are found in shade-grown cocoa and coffee plantations, or near perennial forests that provide rich breeding grounds for the sand fly vectors, but also harbor a variety of bat species that live off the abundant fruits provided by these shade-giving trees. The close proximity between sand flies and bats makes their interaction feasible, yet bats infected with Leishmania (L.) mexicana have not been reported. Here we analyzed 420 bats from six states of Mexico that had reported patients with leishmaniasis. Tissues of bats, including skin, heart, liver and/or spleen were screened by PCR for Leishmania (L.) mexicana DNA. We found that 41 bats (9.77%), belonging to 13 species, showed positive PCR results in various tissues. The infected tissues showed no evidence of macroscopic lesions. Of the infected bats, 12 species were frugivorous, insectivorous or nectarivorous, and only one species was sanguivorous (Desmodus rotundus), and most of them belonged to the family Phyllostomidae. The eco-region where most of the infected bats were caught is the Gulf Coastal Plain of Chiapas and Tabasco. Through experimental infections of two Tadarida brasiliensis bats in captivity, we show that this species can harbor viable, infective Leishmania (L.) mexicana parasites that are capable of infecting BALB/c mice. We conclude that various species of bats belonging to the family Phyllostomidae are possible reservoir hosts for Leishmania (L.) mexicana, if it can be shown that such bats are infective for the sand fly vector. Further studies are needed to determine how these bats become infected, how long the parasite remains viable inside these potential hosts and whether they are infective to sand flies to fully evaluate their impact on disease epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Berzunza-Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | | | | | - Constantino González-Salazar
- C3—Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., México
- Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, México D.F., 14010, México
| | - Christopher R. Stephens
- C3—Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., México
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., México
| | - Mircea Hidalgo-Mihart
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México
| | - Carlos F. Marina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública—INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de Los Garza, México
| | - Dulce Bailón-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Carlos N. Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | | | - Ingeborg Becker
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
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Martínez-Tovar JG, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Fernández Salas I. Seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection in blood donors and Chagas cardiomyopathy in patients from the coal mining region of Coahuila, Mexico. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2014; 56:169-74. [PMID: 24626421 PMCID: PMC4085840 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652014000200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Context and Objective: Chagas disease is considered a worldwide emerging
disease; it is endemic in Mexico and the state of Coahuila and is considered of
little relevance. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of
T. cruzi infection in blood donors and Chagas cardiomyopathy in
patients from the coal mining region of Coahuila, Mexico. Design and Setting: Epidemiological, exploratory and prospective study
in a general hospital during the period January to June 2011. Methods: We performed laboratory tests ELISA and indirect
hemagglutination in three groups of individuals: 1) asymptomatic voluntary blood
donors, 2) patients hospitalized in the cardiology department and 3) patients with
dilated cardiomyopathy. Results: There were three levels of seroprevalence: 0.31% in
asymptomatic individuals, 1.25% in cardiac patients and in patients with dilated
cardiomyopathy in 21.14%. Conclusions: In spite of having detected autochthonous cases of Chagas
disease, its importance to local public health remains to be established as well as
the details of the dynamics of transmission so that the study is still in
progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Gerardo Martínez-Tovar
- Doctoral Student. Hospital General de Zona No 24, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Nueva RositaCoahuila, México, Doctoral Student. Hospital General de Zona No 24, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Nueva Rosita, Coahuila, México
| | - Eduardo A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Medical Entomologist. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Entomología Médica
| | - Ildefonso Fernández Salas
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Medical Entomologist. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Entomología Médica
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Florin DA, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Divergence of Lutzomyia (Psathyromyia) shannoni (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) is indicated by morphometric and molecular analyses when examined between taxa from the southeastern United States and southern Mexico. J Med Entomol 2013; 50:1324-1329. [PMID: 24843939 DOI: 10.1603/me13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The medically important sand fly Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar 1929) was collected at eight different sites: seven within the southeastern United States and one in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. A canonical discriminant analysis was conducted on 40 female L. shannoni specimens from each of the eight collection sites (n = 320) using 49 morphological characters. Four L. shannoni specimens from each of the eight collection sites (n = 32) were sent to the Barcode of Life Data systems where a 654-base pair segment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) genetic marker was sequenced from each sand fly. Phylogeny estimation based on the COI segments, in addition to genetic distance, divergence, and differentiation values were calculated. Results of both the morphometric and molecular analyses indicate that the species has undergone divergence when examined between the taxa of the United States and Quintana Roo, Mexico. Although purely speculative, the arid or semiarid expanse from southern Texas to Mexico City could be an allopatric barrier that has impeded migration and hence gene flow, resulting in different morphology and genetic makeup between the two purported populations. A high degree of intragroup variability was noted in the Quintana Roo sand flies.
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Moo-Llanes D, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ibáñez-Bernal S, González C, Ramsey JM. Current and future niche of North and Central American sand flies (Diptera: psychodidae) in climate change scenarios. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2421. [PMID: 24069478 PMCID: PMC3777871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological niche models are useful tools to infer potential spatial and temporal distributions in vector species and to measure epidemiological risk for infectious diseases such as the Leishmaniases. The ecological niche of 28 North and Central American sand fly species, including those with epidemiological relevance, can be used to analyze the vector's ecology and its association with transmission risk, and plan integrated regional vector surveillance and control programs. In this study, we model the environmental requirements of the principal North and Central American phlebotomine species and analyze three niche characteristics over future climate change scenarios: i) potential change in niche breadth, ii) direction and magnitude of niche centroid shifts, iii) shifts in elevation range. Niche identity between confirmed or incriminated Leishmania vector sand flies in Mexico, and human cases were analyzed. Niche models were constructed using sand fly occurrence datapoints from Canada, USA, Mexico, Guatemala and Belize. Nine non-correlated bioclimatic and four topographic data layers were used as niche components using GARP in OpenModeller. Both B2 and A2 climate change scenarios were used with two general circulation models for each scenario (CSIRO and HadCM3), for 2020, 2050 and 2080. There was an increase in niche breadth to 2080 in both scenarios for all species with the exception of Lutzomyia vexator. The principal direction of niche centroid displacement was to the northwest (64%), while the elevation range decreased greatest for tropical, and least for broad-range species. Lutzomyia cruciata is the only epidemiologically important species with high niche identity with that of Leishmania spp. in Mexico. Continued landscape modification in future climate change will provide an increased opportunity for the geographic expansion of NCA sand flys' ENM and human exposure to vectors of Leishmaniases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Carlos N. Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Zoología de Invertebrados, Cuidad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garzas, Nuevo León, México
| | - Sergio Ibáñez-Bernal
- Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Veracruz, México
| | - Camila González
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Janine M. Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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Pech-May A, Marina CF, Vázquez-Domínguez E, Berzunza-Cruz M, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Narváez-Zapata JA, Moo-Llanes D, Ibáñez-Bernal S, Ramsey JM, Becker I. Genetic structure and divergence in populations of Lutzomyia cruciata, a phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) vector of Leishmania mexicana in southeastern Mexico. Infect Genet Evol 2013; 16:254-62. [PMID: 23416432 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The low dispersal capacity of sand flies could lead to population isolation due to geographic barriers, climate variation, or to population fragmentation associated with specific local habitats due to landscape modification. The phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia cruciata has a wide distribution throughout Mexico and is a vector of Leishmania mexicana in the southeast. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity, structure, and divergence within and among populations of Lu. cruciata in the state of Chiapas, and to infer the intra-specific phylogeny using the 3' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. We analyzed 62 sequences from four Lu. cruciata populations and found 26 haplotypes, high genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow among populations (Fst=0.416, Nm=0.701, p<0.001). The highest diversity values were recorded in populations from Loma Bonita and Guadalupe Miramar. Three lineages (100% bootstrap and 7% overall divergence) were identified using a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis which showed high genetic divergence (17.2-22.7%). A minimum spanning haplotype network also supported separation into three lineages. Genetic structure and divergence within and among Lu. cruciata populations are hence affected by geographic heterogeneity and evolutionary background. Data obtained in the present study suggest that Lu. cruciata in the state of Chiapas consists of at least three lineages. Such findings may have implications for vector capacity and hence for vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Pech-May
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, 19 Poniente y 4ta Norte, 30700 Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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24
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González C, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ibáñez-Bernal S, Becker-Fauser I, Martínez-Meyer E, Peterson AT, Sánchez-Cordero V. Current knowledge of Leishmania vectors in Mexico: how geographic distributions of species relate to transmission areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011; 85:839-46. [PMID: 22049037 PMCID: PMC3205629 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne diseases with different clinical manifestations caused by parasites transmitted by sand fly vectors. In Mexico, the sand fly Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca is the only vector proven to transmit the parasite Leishmania mexicana to humans, which causes leishmaniasis. Other vector species with potential medical importance have been obtained, but their geographic distributions and relation to transmission areas have never been assessed. We modeled the ecological niches of nine sand fly species and projected niches to estimate potential distributions by using known occurrences, environmental coverages, and the algorithms GARP and Maxent. All vector species were distributed in areas with known recurrent transmission, except for Lu. diabolica, which appeared to be related only to areas of occasional transmission in northern Mexico. The distribution of Lu. o. olmeca does not overlap with all reported cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, suggesting that Lu. cruciata and Lu. shannoni are likely also involved as primary vectors in those areas. Our study provides useful information of potential risk areas of leishmaniasis transmission in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila González
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Hernández JL, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Infante F, Morón A, Castillo A. [Indicators of infestation, colonization and infection of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Campeche, México]. Neotrop Entomol 2010; 39:1024-1031. [PMID: 21271074 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-566x2010000600027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille) is considered to be one of the primary vectors of Chagas disease in Southern Mexico and Central America. The objective of the present study was to obtain ecological information on T. dimidiata in two rural communities of Campeche, Mexico, where the vector is poorly studied. Our work consisted of monthly samplings carried out during one-year time at three levels: sylvatic, peridomestic and intradomestic, in order to estimate the population abundance of this species and its rate of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Triatoma dimidiata was the unique vector of this disease collected in San Juan Bautista Sakcabchen (SJBS) and Crucero San Luis (CSL). The total of 145 individuals were captured in SJBS; from these, 26.9%, 20% and 53.1% were collected in the sylvatic, peridomestic and intradomestic area, respectively. In CSL captures yielded 108 individuals: 40.7% in the sylvatic area, 20.4% peridomestic and 38.9% intradomestic. We found no correlation between climatic variables and population abundance of T. dimidiata. Dataset obtained suggests that individuals from the sylvatic area exhibit a high rate of natural infection by T. cruzi, with monthly percentages up to 61.5% for SJBS and 50% for CSL. At the peri and intradomestic level, the reservoirs apparently play an important role in the transmission, as the seroprevalence in dogs was 61.5% y 65.4%, for SJBS y CSL, respectively. Based on these findings, it was concluded that inhabitants of both communities are at a high risk of Chagas disease infection.
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Sánchez-García L, Berzunza-Cruz M, Becker-Fauser I, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Sand flies naturally infected by Leishmania (L.) mexicana in the peri-urban area of Chetumal city, Quintana Roo, México. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2010; 104:406-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Pech-May A, Escobedo-Ortegón FJ, Berzunza-Cruz M, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Incrimination of four sandfly species previously unrecognized as vectors of Leishmania parasites in Mexico. Med Vet Entomol 2010; 24:150-161. [PMID: 20604861 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. The main causative agent is the parasite Leishmania mexicana (Biagi) (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and, based on the classic work of Dr Biagi's research team, it has been generally accepted and frequently reported that the only vector of L. mexicana in the region is the sandfly Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca (Vargas & Diáz-Nájera) (Diptera: Psychodidae). Evidence gathered from recent entomological studies conducted mainly in Calakmul, Campeche, however, suggests that other species may also be vectors of L. mexicana. We conducted a field study in two villages in Calakmul, Campeche in the Yucatan Peninsula, where recent cases of CL have been reported, to document the species composition and relative abundances of the sandfly fauna and to identify which species are likely to be the main vectors by assessing the biting rates and parasite infection rates of the suspected vector species. Sandfly catches were conducted from November 2005 to February 2006 in Unión 20 de Junio and Dos Lagunas Sur. Sandflies were captured using Shannon (18.00-22.00 hours), Disney and CDC light traps (18.00-06.00 hours). Biting and infection rates were calculated for the four most abundant species: Lutzomyia cruciata (Coquillett), Lu. o. olmeca, Lutzomyia panamensis (Shannon) and Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar). In Dos Lagunas Sur, Lu. panamensis and Lu. o. olmeca exhibited the highest biting rates throughout the sampling period. In Unión 20 de Junio, Lu. cruciata and Lu. o. olmeca had the highest biting rates over the same period. Regarding infection rates, we report herein the establishment of a polymerase chain reaction protocol and validation of IR1 and LM17 oligonucleotides to analyse the infection rates of sandflies. Out of 769 females analysed, the overall infection rates were 1.4% in Dos Lagunas Sur and 5.3% in Unión 20 de Junio. In Dos Lagunas Sur we found L. mexicana infections in two sandfly species, Lu. shannoni and Lutzomyia ylephiletor (Fairchild & Hertig), whereas in Unión 20 de Junio we found infections in Lu. shannoni, Lu. cruciata, Lu. o. olmeca and Lu. panamensis. The possible role of these four sandfly species in relation to L. mexicana transmission in Calakmul is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pech-May
- Departamento de Biologiá de Vectores, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Mexico
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Rebollar-Téllez EA, Reyes-Villanueva F, Escobedo-Ortegón J, Balam-Briceño P, May-Concha I. Abundance and nightly activity behavior of a sylvan population of Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the Yucatan, México. J Vector Ecol 2009; 34:304-310. [PMID: 20836833 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2009.00038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma dimidiata is the vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Yucatan Peninsula (YP). Earlier studies have shown that domestic and peri-domestic populations of the vector originated from the sylvan stock and that effectiveness of insecticide-spraying was affected by re-infestations of houses from the sylvan T. dimidiata population. In addition, in the YP most previously published reports have focused on domestic and peri-domestic populations and very little is known about the nocturnal behavior of the sylvan populations. The main aim of our study was to determine the nightly activity patterns of adult T. dimidiata in a selected location in the YP. Secondly, we sought to document the reproductive status and infection rate of active females. During eight sampling nights spaced from late March to late July, 2007, we collected 544 adult T. dimidiata. We found that square-cloth illuminated white traps were effective to attract the sylvan individuals and that T. dimidiata adults exhibited a unimodal activity pattern throughout the night. The accumulated mean of captured bugs also showed a non-linear distribution for females and males. Furthermore, we found that male and female catches were significantly correlated with the means of temperature and humidity recorded during the sampling period. Out of 46 dissected females, we observed that 43.5% of females had fully-formed eggs in their abdomens, and only two females (4.4%) had sperm within the spermatheca. The infection rate of T. dimidiata harboring T. cruzi was found to be 3.7%. The implications of the light attraction to bugs and potential dispersal capabilities are discussed in the paper in the context of infestation/re-infestation of rural houses by sylvan T. dimidiata flying adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo A Rebollar-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, México
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Rebollar-Téllez EA, Tun-Ku E, Manrique-Saide PC, Andrade-Narvaez FJ. Relative abundances of sandfly species (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in two villages in the same area of Campeche, in southern Mexico. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2005; 99:193-201. [PMID: 15814038 DOI: 10.1179/136485905x16390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania mexicana is the parasite causing most cases of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in southern Mexico, where Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca and Lu. cruciata are the most probable vectors. In the present study, sandflies were collected during one transmission season (November 2001-March 2002) in the village of La Guadalupe and the nearby village of Dos Naciones, in the southern Mexican county of Calakmul. Using Shannon traps, Disney traps and CDC light traps, 5983 sandflies (Brumptomyia and Lutzomyia) were caught. In Dos Naciones the numbers of Lu. panamensis caught in Shannon or CDC traps outnumbered those of the other sandfly species. In La Guadalupe, in contrast, the most abundant species in the collections made with Shannon or CDC traps was Lu. cruciata , followed by Lu. olmeca olmeca and Lu. deleoni. In both locations, the numbers of sandflies attracted to Shannon traps peaked between 18.00 and 22.00 hours. Given the abundance of Lu. olmeca olmeca in the collections made with Shannon and Disney traps (it was the only species caught in the latter), this species is probably the primary vector of Le. mexicana in Calakmul county.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Avenida Itzaes 490, Mérida, Yucatán 97000, Mexico.
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Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ramírez-Fraire A, Andrade-Narvaez FJ. A two years study on vectors of cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Evidence for sylvatic transmission cycle in the state of Campeche, Mexico. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1996; 91:555-60. [PMID: 9137741 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761996000500004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of Campeche were studied in relation to the transmission cycle of Leishmania (Le.) mexicana. To determine how transmission of leishmaniasis occurs, we collected phlebotomine sand flies for two years. In the first year (October 1990 to November 1991) the collections were made with CDC light traps, Shannon traps and direct captures at natural shelters around the village (< 200 m) of La Libertad. In the second year (February 1993 to January 1994) the catches were performed at 8 km southeast of La Libertad in the forest. Female sand flies were examined for Leishmania. During the first year, 347 sand flies of nine species were collected, most of which were Lutzomyia deleoni (61.3%). When all nine species were considered, more females than males were captured. Low densities of anthropophillic species of sand flies around the village indicated that sylvatic transmission was taking place. For the second year. 1484 sand flies of 16 species were caught. The most common were L. olmeca olmeca (21.7%), L. cruciata (19.2%) and L. ovallesi (14.1%). Similarly, more females were caught than males. Thirty-five females of five species were found infected with flagellates believed to be Leishmania sp. The highest infection rate was found in L. olmeca olmeca (7.1%) followed by L. cruciata (4.5%) and L. ovallesi (1.1%). These data plus other evidence on the epidemiology of human cases and results from reservoir studies are discussed in relation to the sylvatic transmission cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Departamento de Inmunologia, CIR Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
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