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Moya SL, Pech-May A, Quintana MG, Salomón OD. Cryptic Diversity in Sympatric Migonemyia migonei (Diptera: Psychodidae), Eventual Meaning for Leishmaniasis Transmission. Neotrop Entomol 2024; 53:47-55. [PMID: 37973714 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Migonemyia migonei (Franҫa, 1920) (Diptera: Psychodidae) belongs to the subfamily Phlebotominae, of epidemiological importance due to its role as a vector in leishmaniasis transmission cycles and its broad geographic distribution in South America. Few morphometric and genetic studies have demonstrated the existence of variability among geographically distant populations in Brazil. The aim of the study was to estimate the genetic distance within the morphospecies Mg. migonei through the analysis of cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences of specimens captured in Argentina and those available in online databases. The COI sequences from specimens collected in different localities of Argentina and sequences available in online databases were utilized. Genetic distances were analyzed and a median-joining haplotype network was constructed. Finally, phylogenetic reconstruction was performed according to Bayesian inference. The analyses led to the identification of at least two haplogroups: haplogroup I with sequences of specimens from Colombia, Brazil and Argentina, and haplogroup II with sequences of specimens from Argentina. Interestingly, specimens from Argentina whose haplotypes corresponded to both haplogroups, were collected in sympatry. The results suggest that Mg. migonei could be a species complex with at least two distinct members. This hypothesis could explain the known characteristics of adaptability and vector permissiveness of the species, as the putative cryptic species of the complex could differ in traits of epidemiological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Lorián Moya
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Quintana
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Superior de Entomología, Univ Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Izeta-Alberdi A, Pech-May A, Tun-Ku E, Mazariegos-Hidalgo CJ, López-Cancino SA, Gutiérrez S, Albino-Miranda S, De la Cruz-Felix K, Diaz de la Cruz JM, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Arellano E, Vallejo RM, Ocampo MA, Ramsey JM. Trypanosoma cruzi in Mexican Neotropical vectors and mammals: wildlife, livestock, pets, and human population. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:114-126. [PMID: 38060864 DOI: 10.21149/13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide primary evidence of Trypanosoma cruzi landscape genetics in the Mexican Neotropics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Trypanosoma cruzi and discrete typing units (DTU) prevalence were analyzed in landscape communities of vectors, wildlife, livestock, pets, and sympatric human populations using endpoint PCR and sequencing of all relevant amplicons from mitochondrial (kDNA) and nuclear (ME, 18S, 24Sα) gene markers. RESULTS Although 98% of the infected sample-set (N=2 963) contained single or mixed infections of DTUI (TcI, 96.2%) and TcVI (22.6%), TcIV and TcII were also identified. Sensitivity of individual markers varied and was dependent on host taxon; kDNA, ME and 18S combined identified 95% of infections. ME genotyped 90% of vector infections, but 60% of mammals (36% wildlife), while neither 18S nor 24Sα typed more than 20% of mammal infections. CONCLUSION Available gene fragments to identify or genotype T. cruzi are not universally sensitive for all landscape parasite populations, highlighting important T. cruzi heteroge- neity among mammal reservoir taxa and triatomine species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán. Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus II, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas. Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Ezequiel Tun-Ku
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | | | - Sury Antonio López-Cancino
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus II, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas. Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Sleidher Gutiérrez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Sergio Albino-Miranda
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico City, Mexico. Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología AC. Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico..
| | - Keynes De la Cruz-Felix
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - José Manuel Diaz de la Cruz
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Carlos N Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida. Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico..
| | - Elizabeth Arellano
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico..
| | - Rachel M Vallejo
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos.
| | - Marco A Ocampo
- Coordinación de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores y Zoonosis, Servicios de Salud de Morelos. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico..
| | - Janine M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
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Urdapilleta M, Pech-May A, Lamattina D, Burgos EF, Balcazar DE, Ferrari WAO, Lareschi M, Salomón OD. Ecology of fleas and their hosts in the trifinio of north-east Argentina: first detection of Rickettsia asembonensis in Ctenocephalides felis felis in Argentina. Med Vet Entomol 2022; 36:20-29. [PMID: 34455608 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fleas are important in public health due to their role as parasites and vectors of pathogens, including Rickettsia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity, abundance and prevalence of fleas and the presence of Rickettsia in the trifinio of north-east Argentina. Fleas from household and synanthropic animals were obtained from urban and periurban areas. They were taxonomically identified and samples of 227 fleas in 86 pools were analysed by polymerase chain reaction targeting the gltA and ompB genes of Rickettsia spp. The study revealed that Ctenocephalides felis felis was dominant on dogs, cats and opossums, with higher prevalence in the periurban area. The Shannon-Wiener and Morisita-Horn indices expressed differences in the diversity and similarity values of the absolute abundances of the species between the areas compared. DNA amplifications revealed 30.8% C. f. felis pools positive for Rickettsia spp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the haplotype obtained was identical to Rickettsia asembonensis from Peru and Brazil. This is the first detection in Argentina of R. asembonensis that infects C. f. felis, and we emphasize the importance of conducting research from a 'One Health' perspective on the role of opossums and rodents in the integration of the transmission cycles of rickettsial bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Urdapilleta
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - A Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - D Lamattina
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - E F Burgos
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - D E Balcazar
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - W A O Ferrari
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET-UNRC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Lareschi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - O D Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Moo-Llanes DA, Pech-May A, de Oca-Aguilar ACM, Salomón OD, Ramsey JM. Niche divergence and paleo-distributions of Lutzomyia longipalpis mitochondrial haplogroups (Diptera: Psychodidae). Acta Trop 2020; 211:105607. [PMID: 32598924 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lutzomyia longipalpis is a complex of species which has a wide but discontinuous distribution from southeastern Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay. To date, eight mitochondrial haplogroups have been identified along its distribution although key environmental tolerances and ecological niche models have been analyzed only at the complex level. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether genetic diversification using three mitochondrial genes of the Lu. longipalpis complex is associated with niche divergence and to explore evolution of distributional projections of all haplogroups between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21,000 yrs ago) and the present. Current occurrence of all haplogroups was used to develop ecological niche models (ENM) and these were projected in both periods to quantify and identify geographic area shifts. Environmental space was used to estimate niche similarity between major clades and pairwise between individual haplogroups. The two major Lu. longipalpis clades (Mex, CA, Col and Ven vs Arg and Bra) had significantly different environmental space, indicating niche divergence. Environmental space overlap of southern haplogroups was variable, with divergent niche, except between Arg and ArgBra. The most suitable regions for the ArgBra haplogroup were northeastern and southeastern Brazil, and the Gran Chaco region. In contrast, ENM of haplogroups within the northern major clade have significantly similar niche, with highest geographic ENM suitability along both the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. The intensity and coverage of high suitability areas in the LGM decreased for most haplogroups in the present. Integrating ENM and phylogenetic analyses has allowed us to test hypotheses of niche similarity between Lu. longipalpis haplogroups and major clades, and to identify conserved distributional areas of haplogroups since the LGM, with the exception of Arg. Evidence for distributional shifts and overlap of haplogroups is important to analyze Leishmaniasis´ eco-epidemiology and to successfully monitor and control transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México.; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | | | - Oscar D Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Janine M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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Moya SL, Pech-May A, Quintana MG, Manteca-Acosta M, Salomón OD. Phylogenetic relationships of closely-related phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of Nyssomyia genus and Lutzomyia subgenus. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115:e200220. [PMID: 32935751 PMCID: PMC7491277 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Lorián Moya
- Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Quintana
- Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mariana Manteca-Acosta
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina; Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Argentina
| | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
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Urdapilleta M, Cicuttin GL, De Salvo MN, Pech-May A, Salomon OD, Lareschi M. Molecular detection and identification of Bartonella in the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis felis collected from companion animals in a border area in northeastern Argentina. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2019; 19:100361. [PMID: 32057388 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular methods were used to detect and identify Bartonella species in the cat fleas Ctenocephalides felis felis from Puerto Iguazú, a border area in northeastern Argentina. The fleas were collected from 12 household animals, 9 dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and 3 cats (Felis silvestris catus) during July 2016. Out of 15C. f. felis analyzed for PCR, only one flea collected from a cat was positive (6.66%) in screened for Bartonella spp. based on the gltA gene. Bartonella clarridgeiae was identified in the genetic analyses, this specimen clustered monophyletically with others B. clarridgeiae isolated from different geographical origins (1.0 PP), even, all shared the same haplotype. The results obtained provide evidence of the presence of B. clarridgeiae in cat fleas from Argentina suggesting the probable presence of related flea-borne diseases in the region and the role of cat fleas in the transmission of Bartonella among mammals including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Urdapilleta
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social de la Nación), Almafuerte y Ámbar s/n (3370), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Gabriel L Cicuttin
- Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Av. Díaz Vélez 4821, C1405DCD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Nazarena De Salvo
- Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Av. Díaz Vélez 4821, C1405DCD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social de la Nación), Almafuerte y Ámbar s/n (3370), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Oscar D Salomon
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT-ANLIS) (Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social de la Nación), Almafuerte y Ámbar s/n (3370), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Marcela Lareschi
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CONICET-UNLP), Bv. 120 s/n e/ 60 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Wehrendt DP, Gómez-Bravo A, Ramirez JC, Cura C, Pech-May A, Ramsey JM, Abril M, Guhl F, Schijman AG. Development and evaluation of a duplex TaqMan qPCR assay for detection and quantification of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in domestic and sylvatic reservoir hosts. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:567. [PMID: 31783770 PMCID: PMC6884757 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A question of epidemiological relevance in Chagas disease studies is to understand Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles and trace the origins of (re)emerging cases in areas under vector or disease surveillance. Conventional parasitological methods lack sensitivity whereas molecular approaches can fill in this gap, provided that an adequate sample can be collected and processed and a nucleic acid amplification method can be developed and standardized. We developed a duplex qPCR assay for accurate detection and quantification of T. cruzi satellite DNA (satDNA) sequence in samples from domestic and sylvatic mammalian reservoirs. The method incorporates amplification of the gene encoding for the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), highly conserved among mammalian species, as endogenous internal amplification control (eIAC), allowing distinction of false negative PCR findings due to inadequate sample conditions, DNA degradation and/or PCR interfering substances. Results The novel TaqMan probe and corresponding primers employed in this study improved the analytical sensitivity of the assay to 0.01 par.eq/ml, greater than that attained by previous assays for Tc I and Tc IV strains. The assay was tested in 152 specimens, 35 from 15 different wild reservoir species and 117 from 7 domestic reservoir species, captured in endemic regions of Argentina, Colombia and Mexico and thus potentially infected with different parasite discrete typing units. The eIACs amplified in all samples from domestic reservoirs from Argentina and Mexico, such as Canis familiaris, Felis catus, Sus scrofa, Ovis aries, Equus caballus, Bos taurus and Capra hircus with quantification cycles (Cq’s) between 23 and 25. Additionally, the eIACs amplified from samples obtained from wild mammals, such as small rodents Akodon toba, Galea leucoblephara, Rattus rattus, the opossums Didelphis virginiana, D. marsupialis and Marmosa murina, the bats Tadarida brasiliensis, Promops nasutus and Desmodus rotundus, as well as in Conepatus chinga, Lagostomus maximus, Leopardus geoffroyi, Lepus europaeus, Mazama gouazoubira and Lycalopex gymnocercus, rendering Cq’s between 24 and 33. Conclusions This duplex qPCR assay provides an accurate laboratory tool for screening and quantification of T. cruzi infection in a vast repertoire of domestic and wild mammalian reservoir species, contributing to improve molecular epidemiology studies of T. cruzi transmission cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Wehrendt
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas, INGEBI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Juan C Ramirez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas, INGEBI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Cura
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas, INGEBI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Chiapas, México
| | - Janine M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Chiapas, México
| | | | | | - Alejandro G Schijman
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas, INGEBI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Quintana MG, Pech-May A, Fuenzalida AD, Direni Mancini JM, Barroso PA, Yadón ZE, Zaidenberg M, Salomón OD. Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) Argentina-Bolivia border: new report and genetic diversity. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2019; 114:e190184. [PMID: 31576903 PMCID: PMC6773372 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) has two main scenarios of transmission as follows: scattered cases in rural areas and urban outbreaks. Urban AVL is in active dispersion from the northeastern border of Argentina-Paraguay-Brazil to the South. The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis was initially reported in urban environments in the northwestern border of the country. The presence of Lu. longipalpis, environmental variables associated with its distribution, and its genetic diversity were assessed in Salvador Mazza, Argentina, on the border with Bolivia. The genetic analysis showed high haplotype diversity, low nucleotide diversity, and low nucleotide polymorphism index. We discuss the hypothesis of an expanding urban population with introgressive hybridisation of older haplogroups found in their path in natural forest or rural environments, acquiring a new adaptability to urban environments, and the possibility of changes in vector capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gabriela Quintana
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Instituto Superior de Entomología, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Red de Investigación de la Leishmaniasis en la Argentina
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Red de Investigación de la Leishmaniasis en la Argentina
| | - Ana Denise Fuenzalida
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Instituto Superior de Entomología, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.,Red de Investigación de la Leishmaniasis en la Argentina
| | - José Manuel Direni Mancini
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Instituto Superior de Entomología, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Red de Investigación de la Leishmaniasis en la Argentina
| | - Paola Andrea Barroso
- CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Patología Experimental, Salta, Salta, Argentina
| | - Zaida Estela Yadón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.,Pan American Health Organization, Communicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health Department, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Red de Investigación de la Leishmaniasis en la Argentina
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Moo-Llanes DA, Pech-May A, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ramsey JM. Inferring distributional shifts of epidemiologically important North and Central American sandflies from Pleistocene to future scenarios. Med Vet Entomol 2019; 33:31-43. [PMID: 30039583 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nine sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) are suspected or proven vectors of Leishmania spp. in the North and Central America region. The ecological niches for these nine species were modelled in three time periods and the overlaps for all time periods of the geographic predictions (G space), and of ecological dimensions using pairwise comparisons of equivalent niches (E space), were calculated. Two Nearctic, six Neotropical and one species in both bioregions occupied a reduced number of distribution areas. The ecological niche projections for most sandfly species other than Lutzomyia shannoni and Lutzomyia ovallesi have not expanded significantly since the Pleistocene. Only three species increase significantly to 2050, whereas all others remain stable. Lutzomyia longipalpis shared a similar ecological niche with more species than any other, although both L. longipalpis and Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca had conserved distributions over time. Climate change, at both regional and local levels, will play a significant role in the temporal and spatial distributions of sandfly species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Moo-Llanes
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Federal District, Mexico
| | - A Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - C N Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Zoología de Invertebrados, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garzas, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - J M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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Pech-May A, Ramsey JM, González Ittig RE, Giuliani M, Berrozpe P, Quintana MG, Salomón OD. Genetic diversity, phylogeography and molecular clock of the Lutzomyia longipalpis complex (Diptera: Psychodidae). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006614. [PMID: 29975695 PMCID: PMC6049954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lutzomyia longipalpis complex has a wide but discontinuous distribution in Latin America, extending throughout the Neotropical realm between Mexico and northern Argentina and Uruguay. In the Americas, this sandfly is the main vector of Leishmania infantum, the parasite responsible for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The Lu. longipalpis complex consists of at least four sibling species, however, there is no current consensus on the number of haplogroups, or on their divergence. Particularly in Argentina, there have been few genetic analyses of Lu. longipalpis, despite its southern expansion and recent colonization of urban environments. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and structure of Lu. longipalpis from Argentina, and to integrate these data to re-evaluate the phylogeography of the Lu. longipalpis complex using mitochondrial markers at a Latin American scale. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Genetic diversity was estimated from six sites in Argentina, using a fragment of the ND4 and the 3´ extreme of the cyt b genes. Greatest genetic diversity was found in Tartagal, Santo Tomé and San Ignacio. There was high genetic differentiation of Lu. longipalpis in Argentina using both markers: ND4 (FST = 0.452, p < 0.0001), cyt b (FST = 0.201, p < 0.0001). Genetic and spatial Geneland analyses reveal the existence of two primary genetic clusters in Argentina, cluster 1: Tartagal, Santo Tomé, and San Ignacio; cluster 2: Puerto Iguazú, Clorinda, and Corrientes city. Phylogeographic analyses using ND4 and cyt b gene sequences available in GenBank from diverse geographic sites suggest greater divergence than previously reported. At least eight haplogroups (three of these identified in Argentina), each separated by multiple mutational steps using the ND4, are differentiated across the Neotropical realm. The divergence of the Lu. longipalpis complex from its most recent common ancestor (MRCA) was estimated to have occurred 0.70 MYA (95% HPD interval = 0.48-0.99 MYA). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study provides new evidence supporting two Lu. longipalpis genetic clusters and three of the total eight haplogroups circulating in Argentina. There was a high level of phylogeographic divergence among the eight haplogroups of the Lu. longipalpis complex across the Neotropical realm. These findings suggest the need to analyze vector competence, among other parameters intrinsic to a zoonosis, according to vector haplogroup, and to consider these in the design and surveillance of vector and transmission control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública / Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Janine M. Ramsey
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública / Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Raúl E. González Ittig
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magali Giuliani
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Pablo Berrozpe
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - María G. Quintana
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán- CONICET, Instituto Superior de Entomología, FCNeIML, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Oscar D. Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
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11
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Peterson AT, Campbell LP, Moo-Llanes DA, Travi B, González C, Ferro MC, Ferreira GEM, Brandão-Filho SP, Cupolillo E, Ramsey J, Leffer AMC, Pech-May A, Shaw JJ. Influences of climate change on the potential distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis sensu lato (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae). Int J Parasitol 2017; 47:667-674. [PMID: 28668326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the present day distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis in relation to climate, and transfers the knowledge gained to likely future climatic conditions to predict changes in the species' potential distribution. We used ecological niche models calibrated based on occurrences of the species complex from across its known geographic range. Anticipated distributional changes varied by region, from stability to expansion or decline. Overall, models indicated no significant north-south expansion beyond present boundaries. However, some areas suitable both at present and in the future (e.g., Pacific coast of Ecuador and Peru) may offer opportunities for distributional expansion. Our models anticipated potential range expansion in southern Brazil and Argentina, but were variably successful in anticipating specific cases. The most significant climate-related change anticipated in the species' range was with regard to range continuity in the Amazon Basin, which is likely to increase in coming decades. Rather than making detailed forecasts of actual locations where Lu. longipalpis will appear in coming years, our models make interesting and potentially important predictions of broader-scale distributional tendencies that can inform heath policy and mitigation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruno Travi
- Department of Internal Medicine-Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Cristina Ferro
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Subdirección Red Nacional de Laboratorios, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Elisa Cupolillo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmaniose, FIOCRUZ Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Janine Ramsey
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico
| | | | - Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Neuquén y Jujuy s/n 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Jeffrey J Shaw
- Parasitology Department, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Pech-May A, Peraza-Herrera G, Moo-Llanes DA, Escobedo-Ortegón J, Berzunza-Cruz M, Becker-Fauser I, Montes DE Oca-Aguilar AC, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Assessing the importance of four sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) as vectors of Leishmania mexicana in Campeche, Mexico. Med Vet Entomol 2016; 30:310-320. [PMID: 27040367 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis represents a public health problem in many areas of Mexico, especially in the Yucatan Peninsula. An understanding of vector ecology and bionomics is of great importance in evaluations of the transmission dynamics of Leishmania parasites. A field study was conducted in the county of Calakmul, state of Campeche, during the period from November 2006 to March 2007. Phlebotomine sandfly vectors were sampled using Centers for Disease Control light traps, baited Disney traps and Shannon traps. A total of 3374 specimens were captured in the two villages of Once de Mayo (93.8%) and Arroyo Negro (6.1%). In Once de Mayo, the most abundant species were Psathyromyia shannoni, Lutzomyia cruciata, Bichromomyia olmeca olmeca and Psychodopygus panamensis (all: Diptera: Psychodidae). The Shannon trap was by far the most efficient method of collection. The infection rate, as determined by Leishmania mexicana-specific polymerase chain reaction, was 0.3% in Once de Mayo and infected sandflies included Psy. panamensis, B. o. olmeca and Psa. shannoni. There were significant differences in human biting rates across sandfly species and month of sampling. Ecological niche modelling analyses showed an overall overlap of 39.1% for the four species in the whole state of Campeche. In addition, the finding of nine vector-reservoir pairs indicates a potential interaction. The roles of the various sandfly vectors in Calakmul are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - G Peraza-Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - D A Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - J Escobedo-Ortegón
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - M Berzunza-Cruz
- Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - I Becker-Fauser
- Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | | | - E A Rebollar-Téllez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDCS), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
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13
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Pech-May A, Moo-Llanes DA, Puerto-Avila MB, Casas M, Danis-Lozano R, Ponce G, Tun-Ku E, Pinto-Castillo JF, Villegas A, Ibáñez-Piñon CR, González C, Ramsey JM. Population genetics and ecological niche of invasive Aedes albopictus in Mexico. Acta Trop 2016; 157:30-41. [PMID: 26814619 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse), is one of the most invasive mosquito species worldwide. In Mexico it is now recorded in 12 states and represents a serious public health problem, given the recent introduction of Chikungunya on the southern border. The aim of this study was to analyze the population genetics of A. albopictus from all major recorded foci, and model its ecological niche. Niche similarity with that from its autochthonous distribution in Asia and other invaded countries were analyzed and its potential future expansion and potential human exposure in climate change scenarios measured. We analyzed 125 sequences of a 317 bp fragment of the cyt b gene from seven A. albopictus populations across Mexico. The samples belong to 25 haplotypes with moderate population structuring (Fst=0.081, p<0.02) and population expansion. The most prevalent haplotype, found in all principal sites, was shared with the USA, Brazil, France, Madagascar, and Reunion Island. The ecological niche model using Mexican occurrence records covers 79.7% of the country, and has an 83% overlap with the Asian niche projected to Mexico. Both Neotropical and Nearctic regions are included in the Mexican niche model. Currently in Mexico, 38.6 million inhabitants are exposed to A. albopictus, which is expected to increase to 45.6 million by 2070. Genetic evidence supports collection information that A. albopictus was introduced to Mexico principally by land from the USA and Central and South America. Prevalent haplotypes from Mexico are shared with most invasive regions across the world, just as there was high niche similarity with both natural and invaded regions. The important overlap with the Asian niche model suggests a high potential for the species to disperse to sylvatic regions in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Pech-May
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - David A Moo-Llanes
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - María Belem Puerto-Avila
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Casas
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Danis-Lozano
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Ponce
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ezequiel Tun-Ku
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Janine M Ramsey
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
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López-Cancino SA, Tun-Ku E, De la Cruz-Felix HK, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Izeta-Alberdi A, Pech-May A, Mazariegos-Hidalgo CJ, Valdez-Tah A, Ramsey JM. Landscape ecology of Trypanosoma cruzi in the southern Yucatan Peninsula. Acta Trop 2015. [PMID: 26219998 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Landscape interactions of Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc) with Triatoma dimidiata (Td) depend on the presence and relative abundance of mammal hosts. This study analyzed a landscape adjacent to the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, composed of conserved areas, crop and farming areas, and the human community of Zoh Laguna with reported Chagas disease cases. Sylvatic mammals of the Chiroptera, Rodentia, and Marsupialia orders were captured, and livestock and pets were sampled along with T. dimidiata in all habitats. Infection by T. cruzi was analyzed using mtDNA markers, while lineage and DTU was analyzed using the mini-exon. 303 sylvatic specimens were collected, corresponding to 19 species during the rainy season and 114 specimens of 18 species during dry season. Five bats Artibeus jamaicensis, Artibeus lituratus, Sturnira lilium, Sturnira ludovici, Dermanura phaeotis (Dp) and one rodent Heteromys gaumeri were collected in the three habitats. All but Dp, and including Carollia brevicauda and Myotis keaysi, were infected with predominately TcI in the sylvatic habitat and TcII in the ecotone. Sigmodon hispidus was the rodent with the highest prevalence of infection by T. cruzi I and II in ecotone and domestic habitats. Didelphis viginiana was infected only with TcI in both domestic and sylvatic habitats; the only two genotyped human cases were TcII. Two main clades of T. cruzi, lineages I (DTU Ia) and II (DTU VI), were found to be sympatric (all habitats and seasons) in the Zoh-Laguna landscape, suggesting that no species-specific interactions occur between the parasite and any mammal host, in any habitat. We have also found mixed infections of the two principal T. cruzi clades in individuals across modified habitats, particularly in livestock and pets, and in both haplogroups of T. dimidiata. Results are contradictory to the dilution hypothesis, although we did find that most resilient species had an important role as T. cruzi hosts. Our study detected some complex trends in parasite transmission related to lineage sorting within the matrix. Intriguingly, TcIa is dominant in terrestrial small wildlife in the sylvatic habitat and is the only parasite DTU found in D. virginiana in the domestic habitat, although its frequency remained constant in sylvatic and ecotone vectors. Bats have a key role in TcVI dispersal from the sylvatic habitat, while dogs, sheep, and humans are drivers of TcVI between domestic and ecotone habitats. Overall, our results allow us to conclude that T. cruzi transmission is dependent on host availability within a highly permeable landscape in Zoh Laguna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sury Antonio López-Cancino
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ezequiel Tun-Ku
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Napoleón Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Unidad Merida, Departamento de Ecología Humana, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Amaia Izeta-Alberdi
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, CONICET, Jujuy y Neuquén s/n, 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | | | - Alba Valdez-Tah
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Departamento de Sociedad y Cultura, Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Janine M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
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Pech-May A, Marina CF, Vázquez-Domínguez E, Berzunza-Cruz M, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Narváez-Zapata JA, Moo-Llanes D, Ibáñez-Bernal S, Ramsey JM, Becker I. Genetic structure and divergence in populations of Lutzomyia cruciata, a phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) vector of Leishmania mexicana in southeastern Mexico. Infect Genet Evol 2013; 16:254-62. [PMID: 23416432 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The low dispersal capacity of sand flies could lead to population isolation due to geographic barriers, climate variation, or to population fragmentation associated with specific local habitats due to landscape modification. The phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia cruciata has a wide distribution throughout Mexico and is a vector of Leishmania mexicana in the southeast. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity, structure, and divergence within and among populations of Lu. cruciata in the state of Chiapas, and to infer the intra-specific phylogeny using the 3' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. We analyzed 62 sequences from four Lu. cruciata populations and found 26 haplotypes, high genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow among populations (Fst=0.416, Nm=0.701, p<0.001). The highest diversity values were recorded in populations from Loma Bonita and Guadalupe Miramar. Three lineages (100% bootstrap and 7% overall divergence) were identified using a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis which showed high genetic divergence (17.2-22.7%). A minimum spanning haplotype network also supported separation into three lineages. Genetic structure and divergence within and among Lu. cruciata populations are hence affected by geographic heterogeneity and evolutionary background. Data obtained in the present study suggest that Lu. cruciata in the state of Chiapas consists of at least three lineages. Such findings may have implications for vector capacity and hence for vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Pech-May
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, 19 Poniente y 4ta Norte, 30700 Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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16
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Pech-May A, Escobedo-Ortegón FJ, Berzunza-Cruz M, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Incrimination of four sandfly species previously unrecognized as vectors of Leishmania parasites in Mexico. Med Vet Entomol 2010; 24:150-161. [PMID: 20604861 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. The main causative agent is the parasite Leishmania mexicana (Biagi) (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and, based on the classic work of Dr Biagi's research team, it has been generally accepted and frequently reported that the only vector of L. mexicana in the region is the sandfly Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca (Vargas & Diáz-Nájera) (Diptera: Psychodidae). Evidence gathered from recent entomological studies conducted mainly in Calakmul, Campeche, however, suggests that other species may also be vectors of L. mexicana. We conducted a field study in two villages in Calakmul, Campeche in the Yucatan Peninsula, where recent cases of CL have been reported, to document the species composition and relative abundances of the sandfly fauna and to identify which species are likely to be the main vectors by assessing the biting rates and parasite infection rates of the suspected vector species. Sandfly catches were conducted from November 2005 to February 2006 in Unión 20 de Junio and Dos Lagunas Sur. Sandflies were captured using Shannon (18.00-22.00 hours), Disney and CDC light traps (18.00-06.00 hours). Biting and infection rates were calculated for the four most abundant species: Lutzomyia cruciata (Coquillett), Lu. o. olmeca, Lutzomyia panamensis (Shannon) and Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar). In Dos Lagunas Sur, Lu. panamensis and Lu. o. olmeca exhibited the highest biting rates throughout the sampling period. In Unión 20 de Junio, Lu. cruciata and Lu. o. olmeca had the highest biting rates over the same period. Regarding infection rates, we report herein the establishment of a polymerase chain reaction protocol and validation of IR1 and LM17 oligonucleotides to analyse the infection rates of sandflies. Out of 769 females analysed, the overall infection rates were 1.4% in Dos Lagunas Sur and 5.3% in Unión 20 de Junio. In Dos Lagunas Sur we found L. mexicana infections in two sandfly species, Lu. shannoni and Lutzomyia ylephiletor (Fairchild & Hertig), whereas in Unión 20 de Junio we found infections in Lu. shannoni, Lu. cruciata, Lu. o. olmeca and Lu. panamensis. The possible role of these four sandfly species in relation to L. mexicana transmission in Calakmul is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pech-May
- Departamento de Biologiá de Vectores, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Mexico
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