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van der Weele CM, Hospes KC, Rowe KE, Jeffery WR. Hypoxia-sonic hedgehog axis as a driver of primitive hematopoiesis development and evolution in cavefish. Dev Biol 2024; 516:138-147. [PMID: 39173434 PMCID: PMC11402556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The teleost Astyanax mexicanus consists of surface dwelling (surface fish) and cave dwelling (cavefish) forms. Cavefish have evolved in subterranean habitats characterized by reduced oxygen levels (hypoxia) and exhibit a subset of phenotypic traits controlled by increased Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling along the embryonic midline. The enhancement of primitive hematopoietic domains, which are formed bilaterally in the anterior and posterior lateral plate mesoderm, are responsible for the development of more larval erythrocytes in cavefish relative to surface fish. In this study, we determine the role of hypoxia and Shh signaling in the development and evolution of primitive hematopoiesis in cavefish. We show that hypoxia treatment during embryogenesis increases primitive hematopoiesis and erythrocyte development in surface fish. We also demonstrate that upregulation of Shh midline signaling by the Smoothened agonist SAG increases primitive hematopoiesis and erythrocyte development in surface fish, whereas Shh downregulation via treatment with the Smoothened inhibitor cyclopamine decreases these traits in cavefish. Together these results suggest that hematopoietic enhancement is regulated by hypoxia and Shh signaling. Lastly, we demonstrate that hypoxia enhances expression of Shh signaling along the midline of surface fish embryos. We conclude that hypoxia-mediated Shh plasticity may be a driving force for the adaptive evolution of primitive hematopoiesis and erythrocyte development in cavefish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrina C Hospes
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Katherine E Rowe
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - William R Jeffery
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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2
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van der Weele CM, Hospes KC, Rowe KE, Jeffery WR. Hypoxia-Sonic Hedgehog Axis as a Driver of Primitive Hematopoiesis Development and Evolution in Cavefish. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.09.598120. [PMID: 38895301 PMCID: PMC11185782 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.09.598120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The teleost Astyanax mexicanus consists of surface dwelling (surface fish) and cave dwelling (cavefish) forms. Cavefish have evolved in subterranean habitats characterized by reduced oxygen levels (hypoxia) and show constructive and regressive phenotypic traits controlled by increased Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling along the embryonic midline. The enhancement of primitive hematopoietic domains, which are formed bilaterally in the anterior and posterior lateral plate mesoderm, are responsible for the development of more larval erythrocytes in cavefish relative to surface fish. In this study, we determine the role of hypoxia and Shh signaling in the development and evolution of primitive hematopoiesis in cavefish. We show that hypoxia treatment during embryogenesis increases primitive hematopoiesis and erythrocyte development in surface fish. We also demonstrate that upregulation of Shh midline signaling by treatment with the Smoothened agonist SAG increases primitive hematopoiesis and erythrocyte development in surface fish, whereas Shh downregulation via treatment with the Smoothened inhibitor cyclopamine decreases these traits in cavefish. Together these results suggest that hematopoietic enhancement is regulated by hypoxia and the Shh signaling system. Lastly, we demonstrate that hypoxia treatment enhances expression of Shh signaling along the midline of surface fish embryos. Thus, we conclude that a hypoxia-Shh axis may drive the adaptive evolution of primitive hematopoiesis and erythrocyte development in cavefish. Highlights Hypoxia increases hematopoiesis and erythrocytes in surface fishShh upregulation increases hematopoiesis and erythrocytes in surface fishShh inhibition decreases hematopoiesis and erythrocytes in cavefishHypoxia upregulates Shh along the embryonic midline in surface fish.
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Solta A, Ernhofer B, Boettiger K, Megyesfalvi Z, Heeke S, Hoda MA, Lang C, Aigner C, Hirsch FR, Schelch K, Döme B. Small cells - big issues: biological implications and preclinical advancements in small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:41. [PMID: 38395864 PMCID: PMC10893629 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatment guidelines refer to small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the deadliest human malignancies, as a homogeneous disease. Accordingly, SCLC therapy comprises chemoradiation with or without immunotherapy. Meanwhile, recent studies have made significant advances in subclassifying SCLC based on the elevated expression of the transcription factors ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3, as well as on certain inflammatory characteristics. The role of the transcription regulator YAP1 in defining a unique SCLC subset remains to be established. Although preclinical analyses have described numerous subtype-specific characteristics and vulnerabilities, the so far non-existing clinical subtype distinction may be a contributor to negative clinical trial outcomes. This comprehensive review aims to provide a framework for the development of novel personalized therapeutic approaches by compiling the most recent discoveries achieved by preclinical SCLC research. We highlight the challenges faced due to limited access to patient material as well as the advances accomplished by implementing state-of-the-art models and methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Büsra Ernhofer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Swoboda AS, Arfelli VC, Danese A, Windisch R, Kerbs P, Redondo Monte E, Bagnoli JW, Chen-Wichmann L, Caroleo A, Cusan M, Krebs S, Blum H, Sterr M, Enard W, Herold T, Colomé-Tatché M, Wichmann C, Greif PA. CSF3R T618I Collaborates With RUNX1-RUNX1T1 to Expand Hematopoietic Progenitors and Sensitizes to GLI Inhibition. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e958. [PMID: 37841755 PMCID: PMC10569757 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating colony-stimulating factor-3 receptor gene (CSF3R) mutations are recurrent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) translocation. However, the nature of oncogenic collaboration between alterations of CSF3R and the t(8;21) associated RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion remains unclear. In CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from healthy donors, double oncogene expression led to a clonal advantage, increased self-renewal potential, and blast-like morphology and distinct immunophenotype. Gene expression profiling revealed hedgehog signaling as a potential mechanism, with upregulation of GLI2 constituting a putative pharmacological target. Both primary hematopoietic cells and the t(8;21) positive AML cell line SKNO-1 showed increased sensitivity to the GLI inhibitor GANT61 when expressing CSF3R T618I. Our findings suggest that during leukemogenesis, the RUNX1-RUNXT1 fusion and CSF3R mutation act in a synergistic manner to alter hedgehog signaling, which can be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja S. Swoboda
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vanessa C. Arfelli
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Danese
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Germany
| | - Roland Windisch
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Kerbs
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Enric Redondo Monte
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes W. Bagnoli
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Linping Chen-Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Alessandra Caroleo
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monica Cusan
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Gene Center - Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Gene Center - Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sterr
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tobias Herold
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Colomé-Tatché
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp A. Greif
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Wu A, Turner KA, Woolfson A, Jiang X. The Hedgehog Pathway as a Therapeutic Target in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030958. [PMID: 36986819 PMCID: PMC10053130 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the development of therapeutic agents that selectively target cancer cells, relapse driven by acquired drug resistance and resulting treatment failure remains a significant issue. The highly conserved Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway performs multiple roles in both development and tissue homeostasis, and its aberrant regulation is known to drive the pathogenesis of numerous human malignancies. However, the role of HH signaling in mediating disease progression and drug resistance remains unclear. This is especially true for myeloid malignancies. The HH pathway, and in particular the protein Smoothened (SMO), has been shown to be essential for regulating stem cell fate in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Evidence suggests that HH pathway activity is critical for maintaining the drug-resistant properties and survival of CML leukemic stem cells (LSCs), and that dual inhibition of BCR-ABL1 and SMO may comprise an effective therapeutic strategy for the eradication of these cells in patients. This review will explore the evolutionary origins of HH signaling, highlighting its roles in development and disease, which are mediated by canonical and non-canonical HH signaling. Development of small molecule inhibitors of HH signaling and clinical trials using these inhibitors as therapeutic agents in cancer and their potential resistance mechanisms, are also discussed, with a focus on CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wu
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kelly A. Turner
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Adrian Woolfson
- Replay Holdings Inc., 5555 Oberlin Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Tesanovic S, Krenn PW, Aberger F. Hedgehog/GLI signaling in hematopoietic development and acute myeloid leukemia-From bench to bedside. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:944760. [PMID: 35990601 PMCID: PMC9388743 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.944760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While the underlying genetic alterations and biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of undifferentiated myeloid cells, have been gradually unraveled in the last decades, translation into clinical treatment approaches has only just begun. High relapse rates remain a major challenge in AML therapy and are to a large extent attributed to the persistence of treatment-resistant leukemic stem cells (LSCs). The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is crucial for the development and progression of multiple cancer stem cell driven tumors, including AML, and has therefore gained interest as a therapeutic target. In this review, we give an overview of the major components of the HH signaling pathway, dissect HH functions in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, and specifically elaborate on the role of HH signaling in AML pathogenesis and resistance. Furthermore, we summarize preclinical and clinical HH inhibitor studies, leading to the approval of the HH pathway inhibitor glasdegib, in combination with low-dose cytarabine, for AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter W. Krenn
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fritz Aberger
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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7
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Serowoky MA, Kuwahara ST, Liu S, Vakhshori V, Lieberman JR, Mariani FV. A murine model of large-scale bone regeneration reveals a selective requirement for Sonic Hedgehog. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:30. [PMID: 35581202 PMCID: PMC9114339 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Building and maintaining skeletal tissue requires the activity of skeletal stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs). Following injury, local pools of these SSPCs become active and coordinate to build new cartilage and bone tissues. While recent studies have identified specific markers for these SSPCs, how they become activated in different injury contexts is not well-understood. Here, using a model of large-scale rib bone regeneration in mice, we demonstrate that the growth factor, Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), is an early and essential driver of large-scale bone healing. Shh expression is broadly upregulated in the first few days following rib bone resection, and conditional knockout of Shh at early but not late post-injury stages severely inhibits cartilage callus formation and later bone regeneration. Whereas Smoothened (Smo), a key transmembrane component of the Hh pathway, is required in Sox9+ lineage cells for rib regeneration, we find that Shh is required in a Prrx1-expressing, Sox9-negative mesenchymal population. Intriguingly, upregulation of Shh expression and requirements for Shh and Smo may be unique to large-scale injuries, as they are dispensable for both complete rib and femur fracture repair. In addition, single-cell RNA sequencing of callus tissue from animals with deficient Hedgehog signaling reveals a depletion of Cxcl12-expressing cells, which may indicate failed recruitment of Cxcl12-expressing SSPCs during the regenerative response. These results reveal a mechanism by which Shh expression in the local injury environment unleashes large-scale regenerative abilities in the murine rib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell A Serowoky
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Stephanie T Kuwahara
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Shuwan Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Venus Vakhshori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1520 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jay R Lieberman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1520 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Francesca V Mariani
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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Chugh RM, Bhanja P, Olea XD, Tao F, Schroeder K, Zitter R, Arora T, Pathak H, Kimler BF, Godwin AK, Perry JM, Saha S. Human Peripheral Blood Mononucleocyte Derived Myeloid Committed Progenitor Cells Mitigate H-ARS by Exosomal Paracrine Signal. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5498. [PMID: 35628308 PMCID: PMC9142131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced loss of the hematopoietic stem cell progenitor population compromises bone marrow regeneration and development of mature blood cells. Failure to rescue bone marrow functions results in fatal consequences from hematopoietic injury, systemic infections, and sepsis. So far, bone marrow transplant is the only effective option, which partially minimizes radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicities. However, a bone marrow transplant will require HLA matching, which will not be feasible in large casualty settings such as a nuclear accident or an act of terrorism. In this study we demonstrated that human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived myeloid committed progenitor cells can mitigate radiation-induced bone marrow toxicity and improve survival in mice. These cells can rescue the recipient's hematopoietic stem cells from radiation toxicity even when administered up to 24 h after radiation exposure and can be subjected to allogenic transplant without GVHD development. Transplanted cells deliver sEVs enriched with regenerative and immune-modulatory paracrine signals to mitigate radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity. This provides a natural polypharmacy solution against a complex injury process. In summary, myeloid committed progenitor cells can be prepared from blood cells as an off-the-shelf alternative to invasive bone marrow harvesting and can be administered in an allogenic setting to mitigate hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Man Chugh
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
| | - Payel Bhanja
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
| | - Ximena Diaz Olea
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
| | - Fang Tao
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; (F.T.); (K.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Kealan Schroeder
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; (F.T.); (K.S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Ryan Zitter
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
| | - Tanu Arora
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
| | - Harsh Pathak
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (H.P.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Bruce F. Kimler
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (H.P.); (A.K.G.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA
| | - John M. Perry
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; (F.T.); (K.S.); (J.M.P.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Subhrajit Saha
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (R.M.C.); (P.B.); (X.D.O.); (R.Z.); (T.A.); (B.F.K.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA; (H.P.); (A.K.G.)
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9
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Abraham A, Matsui W. Hedgehog Signaling in Myeloid Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194888. [PMID: 34638372 PMCID: PMC8507617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Hedgehog signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in many myeloid malignancies, and pathway inhibition is clinically beneficial in specific patients with acute myeloid leukemia. However, even with the approval of these agents, the role of Hedgehog signaling in other myeloid disorders is less clear. In this review, we summarize the laboratory studies that have examined Hedgehog signaling in normal and malignant hematopoiesis as well as the clinical studies that have been carried out in several myeloid leukemias. Finally, we explore potential strategies to further expand the use of pathway inhibitors as therapies for these diseases. Abstract Myeloid malignancies arise from normal hematopoiesis and include several individual disorders with a wide range of clinical manifestations, treatment options, and clinical outcomes. The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in many of these diseases, and glasdegib, a Smoothened (SMO) antagonist and HH pathway inhibitor, has recently been approved for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The efficacy of SMO inhibitors in AML suggests that they may be broadly active, but clinical studies in other myeloid malignancies have been largely inconclusive. We will discuss the biological role of the HH pathway in normal hematopoiesis and myeloid malignancies and review clinical studies targeting HH signaling in these diseases. In addition, we will examine SMO-independent pathway activation and highlight potential strategies that may expand the clinical utility of HH pathway antagonists.
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10
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Wang J, Tu C, Zhang H, Huo Y, Menu E, Liu J. Single-cell analysis at the protein level delineates intracellular signaling dynamic during hematopoiesis. BMC Biol 2021; 19:201. [PMID: 34503511 PMCID: PMC8428103 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) subsets in mice have previously been studied using cell surface markers, and more recently single-cell technologies. The recent revolution of single-cell analysis is substantially transforming our understanding of hematopoiesis, confirming the substantial heterogeneity of cells composing the hematopoietic system. While dynamic molecular changes at the DNA/RNA level underlying hematopoiesis have been extensively explored, a broad understanding of single-cell heterogeneity in hematopoietic signaling programs and landscapes, studied at protein level and reflecting post-transcriptional processing, is still lacking. Here, we accurately quantified the intracellular levels of 9 phosphorylated and 2 functional proteins at the single-cell level to systemically capture the activation dynamics of 8 signaling pathways, including EGFR, Jak/Stat, NF-κB, MAPK/ERK1/2, MAPK/p38, PI3K/Akt, Wnt, and mTOR pathways, during mouse hematopoiesis using mass cytometry. RESULTS With fine-grained analyses of 3.2 million of single hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), and lineage cells in conjunction with multiparameter cellular phenotyping, we mapped trajectories of signaling programs during HSC differentiation and identified specific signaling biosignatures of cycling HSPC and multiple differentiation routes from stem cells to progenitor and lineage cells. We also investigated the recovery pattern of hematopoietic cell populations, as well as signaling regulation in these populations, during hematopoietic reconstruction. Overall, we found substantial heterogeneity of pathway activation within HSPC subsets, characterized by diverse patterns of signaling. CONCLUSIONS These comprehensive single-cell data provide a powerful insight into the intracellular signaling-regulated hematopoiesis and lay a solid foundation to dissect the nature of HSC fate decision. Future integration of transcriptomics and proteomics data, as well as functional validation, will be required to verify the heterogeneity in HSPC subsets during HSC differentiation and to identify robust markers to phenotype those HSPC subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinheng Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China. .,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Chenggong Tu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yongliang Huo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Eline Menu
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China. .,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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11
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Bruveris FF, Ng ES, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG. VEGF, FGF2, and BMP4 regulate transitions of mesoderm to endothelium and blood cells in a human model of yolk sac hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2021; 103:30-39.e2. [PMID: 34437953 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous growth factors play an important role in mediating hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. We explored the role of different factors in early human blood cell production using blast colony formation in methylcellulose as a surrogate assay for yolk sac hematopoiesis. A reporter cell line that read out endothelial (SOX17+) and hematopoietic (RUNX1C+) progenitors facilitated the identification of basic fibroblast growth and vascular endothelial growth factor as critical signals for the progression of mesoderm into endothelium. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 was needed for the subsequent generation of blood from hemogenic endothelium, and this was antagonized by Activin A or high concentrations of the WNT agonist CHIR-99021. Manipulations of the Hedgehog pathway or inhibition of Notch signaling reduced blast colony frequency but did not perturb cell differentiation. These data help to define distinct roles for prerequisite growth factors that commit mesoderm to hemogenic endothelium and subsequently allocate cells to blood lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya F Bruveris
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth S Ng
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edouard G Stanley
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew G Elefanty
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Gurnari C, Voso MT, Maciejewski JP, Visconte V. From Bench to Bedside and Beyond: Therapeutic Scenario in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020357. [PMID: 32033196 PMCID: PMC7072629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of undifferentiated myeloid progenitors, impaired hematopoiesis, and variable response to therapy. To date, only about 30% of adult patients with AML become long-term survivors and relapse and/or disease refractoriness are the major cause of treatment failure. Thus, this is an urgent unmet clinical need and new drugs are envisaged in order to ameliorate disease survival outcomes. Here, we review the latest therapeutic approaches (investigational and approved agents) for AML treatment. A specific focus will be given to molecularly targeted therapies for AML as a representation of possible agents for precision medicine. We will discuss experimental and preclinical data for FLT3, IDH1, BCL-2, Hedgehog pathway inhibitors, and epitherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (C.G.); (J.P.M.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (C.G.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Valeria Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (C.G.); (J.P.M.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Singh S, Singh VK, Rai G. Identification of Differentially Expressed Hematopoiesis-associated Genes in Term Low Birth Weight Newborns by Systems Genomics Approach. Curr Genomics 2020; 20:469-482. [PMID: 32655286 PMCID: PMC7327969 DOI: 10.2174/1389202920666191203123025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low Birth Weight (LBW) (birth weight <2.5 Kg) newborns are associated with a high risk of infection, morbidity and mortality during their perinatal period. Compromised innate immune responses and inefficient hematopoietic differentiation in term LBW newborns led us to evaluate the gene expression status of hematopoiesis. Materials and Methods In this study, we compared our microarray datasets of LBW-Normal Birth Weight (NBW) newborns with two reference datasets to identify hematopoietic stem cells genes, and their differential expression in the LBW newborns, by hierarchical clustering algorithm using gplots and RcolorBrewer package in R. Results Comparative analysis revealed 108 differentially expressed hematopoiesis genes (DEHGs), of which 79 genes were up-regulated, and 29 genes were down-regulated in LBW newborns compared to their NBW counterparts. Moreover, protein-protein interactions, functional annotation and pathway analysis demonstrated that the up-regulated genes were mainly involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, MAPK signaling and Rho GTPases signaling, and the down-regulated genes were engaged in cell proliferation and regulation, immune system regulation, hematopoietic cell lineage and JAK-STAT pathway. The binding of down-regulated genes (LYZ and GBP1) with growth factor GM-CSF using docking and MD simulation techniques, indicated that GM-CSF has the potential to alleviate the repressed hematopoiesis in the term LBW newborns. Conclusion Our study revealed that DEHGs belonged to erythroid and myeloid-specific lineages and may serve as potential targets for improving hematopoiesis in term LBW newborns to help build up their weak immune defense against life-threatening infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Singh
- 1Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; 2Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vinay K Singh
- 1Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; 2Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Geeta Rai
- 1Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; 2Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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14
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Clara JA, Monge C, Yang Y, Takebe N. Targeting signalling pathways and the immune microenvironment of cancer stem cells - a clinical update. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019; 17:204-232. [PMID: 31792354 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have important roles in tumour development, relapse and metastasis; the intrinsic self-renewal characteristics and tumorigenic properties of these cells provide them with unique capabilities to resist diverse forms of anticancer therapy, seed recurrent tumours, and disseminate to and colonize distant tissues. The findings of several studies indicate that CSCs originate from non-malignant stem or progenitor cells. Accordingly, inhibition of developmental signalling pathways that are crucial for stem and progenitor cell homeostasis and function, such as the Notch, WNT, Hedgehog and Hippo signalling cascades, continues to be pursued across multiple cancer types as a strategy for targeting the CSCs hypothesized to drive cancer progression - with some success in certain malignancies. In addition, with the renaissance of anticancer immunotherapy, a better understanding of the interplay between CSCs and the tumour immune microenvironment might be the key to unlocking a new era of oncological treatments associated with a reduced propensity for the development of resistance and with enhanced antimetastatic activity, thus ultimately resulting in improved patient outcomes. Herein, we provide an update on the progress to date in the clinical development of therapeutics targeting the Notch, WNT, Hedgehog and Hippo pathways. We also discuss the interactions between CSCs and the immune system, including the potential immunological effects of agents targeting CSC-associated developmental signalling pathways, and provide an overview of the emerging approaches to CSC-targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Clara
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cecilia Monge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yingzi Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naoko Takebe
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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15
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Wolska-Washer A, Robak T. Glasdegib in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Future Oncol 2019; 15:3219-3232. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacologic inhibition of the Hedgehog pathway significantly enhanced the sensitivity of leukemic cells to cytotoxic drugs. Glasdegib (PF-04449913; DAURISMO™) is a potent and selective oral inhibitor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway with clinical activity in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), particularly in combination with chemotherapy. The results of Phase Ib/II studies evaluating safety and efficacy of glasdegib combined with chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome have recently been published. In the BRIGHT AML 1003 study, glasdegib in combination with low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) was well tolerated and demonstrated a significant 54% reduction in mortality compared with LDAC for AML patients. In 2018, the US FDA approved glasdegib in combination with LDAC for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with AML who are 75 years old or older or who have co-morbidities that preclude use of intensive induction chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wolska-Washer
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Ciolkowskiego 2, 93-510 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Robak
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Ciolkowskiego 2, 93-510 Lodz, Poland
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16
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Cell Adhesion-Mediated Actomyosin Assembly Regulates the Activity of Cubitus Interruptus for Hematopoietic Progenitor Maintenance in Drosophila. Genetics 2019; 212:1279-1300. [PMID: 31138608 PMCID: PMC6707476 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The actomyosin network is involved in crucial cellular processes including morphogenesis, cell adhesion, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and collective cell migration in Drosophila, Caenorhabditiselegans, and mammals. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila larval blood stem-like progenitors require actomyosin activity for their maintenance. Genetic loss of the actomyosin network from progenitors caused a decline in their number. Likewise, the progenitor population increased upon sustained actomyosin activation via phosphorylation by Rho-associated kinase. We show that actomyosin positively regulates larval blood progenitors by controlling the maintenance factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci). Overexpression of the maintenance signal via a constitutively activated construct (ci.HA) failed to sustain Ci-155 in the absence of actomyosin components like Zipper (zip) and Squash (sqh), thus favoring protein kinase A (PKA)-independent regulation of Ci activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a change in cortical actomyosin assembly mediated by DE-cadherin modulates Ci activity, thereby determining progenitor status. Thus, loss of cell adhesion and downstream actomyosin activity results in desensitization of the progenitors to Hh signaling, leading to their differentiation. Our data reveal how cell adhesion and the actomyosin network cooperate to influence patterning, morphogenesis, and maintenance of the hematopoietic stem-like progenitor pool in the developing Drosophila hematopoietic organ.
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17
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Peer E, Tesanovic S, Aberger F. Next-Generation Hedgehog/GLI Pathway Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040538. [PMID: 30991683 PMCID: PMC6520835 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog/Glioma-associated oncogene homolog (HH/GLI) signaling pathway regulates self-renewal of rare and highly malignant cancer stem cells (CSC), which have been shown to account for the initiation and maintenance of tumor growth as well as for drug resistance, metastatic spread and relapse. Efficacious therapeutic approaches targeting CSC pathways, such as HH/GLI signaling in combination with chemo, radiation or immunotherapy are, therefore, of high medical need. Pharmacological inhibition of HH/GLI pathway activity represents a promising approach to eliminate malignant CSC. Clinically approved HH/GLI pathway inhibitors target the essential pathway effector Smoothened (SMO) with striking therapeutic efficacy in skin and brain cancer patients. However, multiple genetic and molecular mechanisms resulting in de novo and acquired resistance to SMO inhibitors pose major limitations to anti-HH/GLI therapies and, thus, the eradication of CSC. In this review, we summarize reasons for clinical failure of SMO inhibitors, including mechanisms caused by genetic alterations in HH pathway effectors or triggered by additional oncogenic signals activating GLI transcription factors in a noncanonical manner. We then discuss emerging novel and rationale-based approaches to overcome SMO-inhibitor resistance, focusing on pharmacological perturbations of enzymatic modifiers of GLI activity and on compounds either directly targeting oncogenic GLI factors or interfering with synergistic crosstalk signals known to boost the oncogenicity of HH/GLI signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Peer
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Suzana Tesanovic
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Fritz Aberger
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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18
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Lonetti A, Pession A, Masetti R. Targeted Therapies for Pediatric AML: Gaps and Perspective. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:463. [PMID: 31803695 PMCID: PMC6873958 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic disorder characterized by numerous cytogenetic and molecular aberrations that accounts for ~25% of childhood leukemia diagnoses. The outcome of children with AML has increased remarkably over the past 30 years, with current survival rates up to 70%, mainly due to intensification of standard chemotherapy and improvements in risk classification, supportive care, and minimal residual disease monitoring. However, childhood AML prognosis remains unfavorable and relapse rates are still around 30%. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to increase the cure rate. In AML, the presence of gene mutations and rearrangements prompted the identification of effective targeted molecular strategies, including kinase inhibitors, cell pathway inhibitors, and epigenetic modulators. This review will discuss several new drugs that recently received US Food and Drug Administration approval for AML treatment and promising strategies to treat childhood AML, including FLT3 inhibitors, epigenetic modulators, and Hedgehog pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Lonetti
- "Giorgio Prodi" Interdepartmental Cancer Research Centre, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- "Giorgio Prodi" Interdepartmental Cancer Research Centre, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Masetti
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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19
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Pession A, Lonetti A, Bertuccio S, Locatelli F, Masetti R. Targeting Hedgehog pathway in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: challenges and opportunities. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 23:87-91. [PMID: 30556755 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1559822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pession
- a Department of Pediatrics, "Lalla Seràgnoli", Hematology-Oncology Unit , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- a Department of Pediatrics, "Lalla Seràgnoli", Hematology-Oncology Unit , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Salvatore Bertuccio
- a Department of Pediatrics, "Lalla Seràgnoli", Hematology-Oncology Unit , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- b Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Riccardo Masetti
- a Department of Pediatrics, "Lalla Seràgnoli", Hematology-Oncology Unit , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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20
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Baldeosingh R, Gao H, Wu X, Fossett N. Hedgehog signaling from the Posterior Signaling Center maintains U-shaped expression and a prohemocyte population in Drosophila. Dev Biol 2018; 441:132-145. [PMID: 29966604 PMCID: PMC6064674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic progenitor choice between multipotency and differentiation is tightly regulated by intrinsic factors and extrinsic signals from the surrounding microenvironment. The Drosophila melanogaster hematopoietic lymph gland has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate mechanisms that regulate hematopoietic progenitor choice in vivo. The lymph gland contains progenitor cells, which share key characteristics with mammalian hematopoietic progenitors such as quiescence, multipotency and niche-dependence. The lymph gland is zonally arranged, with progenitors located in medullary zone, differentiating cells in the cortical zone, and the stem cell niche or Posterior Signaling Center (PSC) residing at the base of the medullary zone (MZ). This arrangement facilitates investigations into how signaling from the microenvironment controls progenitor choice. The Drosophila Friend of GATA transcriptional regulator, U-shaped, is a conserved hematopoietic regulator. To identify additional novel intrinsic and extrinsic regulators that interface with U-shaped to control hematopoiesis, we conducted an in vivo screen for factors that genetically interact with u-shaped. Smoothened, a downstream effector of Hedgehog signaling, was one of the factors identified in the screen. Here we report our studies that characterized the relationship between Smoothened and U-shaped. We showed that the PSC and Hedgehog signaling are required for U-shaped expression and that U-shaped is an important intrinsic progenitor regulator. These observations identify a potential link between the progenitor regulatory machinery and extrinsic signals from the PSC. Furthermore, we showed that both Hedgehog signaling and the PSC are required to maintain a subpopulation of progenitors. This led to a delineation of PSC-dependent versus PSC-independent progenitors and provided further evidence that the MZ progenitor population is heterogeneous. Overall, we have identified a connection between a conserved hematopoietic master regulator and a putative stem cell niche, which adds to our understanding of how signals from the microenvironment regulate progenitor multipotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Baldeosingh
- Graduate Program in Life Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hongjuan Gao
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nancy Fossett
- Graduate Program in Life Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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21
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Crisan M, Solaimani Kartalaei P, Neagu A, Karkanpouna S, Yamada-Inagawa T, Purini C, Vink CS, van der Linden R, van Ijcken W, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, Monteiro R, Mummery C, Dzierzak E. BMP and Hedgehog Regulate Distinct AGM Hematopoietic Stem Cells Ex Vivo. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:383-95. [PMID: 26923823 PMCID: PMC4788785 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), the self-renewing cells of the adult blood differentiation hierarchy, are generated during embryonic stages. The first HSCs are produced in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region of the embryo through endothelial to a hematopoietic transition. BMP4 and Hedgehog affect their production and expansion, but it is unknown whether they act to affect the same HSCs. In this study using the BRE GFP reporter mouse strain that identifies BMP/Smad-activated cells, we find that the AGM harbors two types of adult-repopulating HSCs upon explant culture: One type is BMP-activated and the other is a non-BMP-activated HSC type that is indirectly controlled by Hedgehog signaling through the VEGF pathway. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrate that the two HSC types express distinct but overlapping genetic programs. These results revealing the bifurcation in HSC types at early embryonic stages in the AGM explant model suggest that their development is dependent upon the signaling molecules in the microenvironment. AGM explants contain two HSC types, BMP-activated and non-BMP-activated Non-BMP-activated HSCs are dependent on Hedgehog/VEGF Changes in the microenvironment ex vivo contribute to novel HSC composition
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Crisan
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Parham Solaimani Kartalaei
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alex Neagu
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sofia Karkanpouna
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caterina Purini
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chris S Vink
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Reinier van der Linden
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred van Ijcken
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rui Monteiro
- Molecular Hematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christine Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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22
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Khan AA, Harrison CN, McLornan DP. Targeting of the Hedgehog pathway in myeloid malignancies: still a worthy chase? Br J Haematol 2015; 170:323-35. [PMID: 25892100 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated Hedgehog (Hh) signalling activity may be associated with a broad range of cancer types and hence has become an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Although initial haematological interest focused on the therapeutic targeting of this pathway in chronic myeloid leukaemia), small molecule inhibitors targeting the Hh pathway are now being tested in a range of other myeloid disorders, including myelofibrosis, myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukaemia. In this review we will evaluate the rationale for targeting of the Hh pathway in myeloid diseases and discuss the novel agents that have entered the clinical arena. We will discuss pre-clinical models, emerging clinical trial data, and suggest how these targeted therapies may address current unmet medical needs. Finally, we will explore potential limitations of these therapies due to the emergence of secondary resistance mechanisms and speculate on future developments within this arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesia A Khan
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claire N Harrison
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Donal P McLornan
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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23
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Petrova R, Joyner AL. Roles for Hedgehog signaling in adult organ homeostasis and repair. Development 2014; 141:3445-57. [PMID: 25183867 DOI: 10.1242/dev.083691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog (HH) pathway is well known for its mitogenic and morphogenic functions during development, and HH signaling continues in discrete populations of cells within many adult mammalian tissues. Growing evidence indicates that HH regulates diverse quiescent stem cell populations, but the exact roles that HH signaling plays in adult organ homeostasis and regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we review recently identified functions of HH in modulating the behavior of tissue-specific adult stem and progenitor cells during homeostasis, regeneration and disease. We conclude that HH signaling is a key factor in the regulation of adult tissue homeostasis and repair, acting via multiple different routes to regulate distinct cellular outcomes, including maintenance of plasticity, in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitsa Petrova
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA BCMB Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexandra L Joyner
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA BCMB Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Functional pathways altered after silencing Pnpla6 (the codifying gene of neuropathy target esterase) in mouse embryonic stem cells under differentiation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 50:261-73. [PMID: 24142151 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is involved in several disorders in adult organisms and embryos. A relationship between NTE and nervous system integrity and maintenance in adult systems has been suggested. NTE-related motor neuron disease is associated with the expression of a mutant form of NTE and the inhibition and further modification of NTE by organophosphorus compounds is the trigger of a delayed neurodegenerative neuropathy. Homozygotic NTE knockout mice embryos are not viable, while heterozygotic NTE knockout mice embryos yields mice with neurological disorders, which suggest that this protein plays a critical role in embryonic development. The present study used D3 mouse embryonic stem cells with the aim of gaining mechanistic insights on the role of Pnpla6 (NTE gene encoding) in the developmental process. D3 cells were silenced by lipofectamine transfection with a specific interference RNA for Pnpla6. Silencing Pnpla6 in D3 monolayer cultures reduced NTE enzymatic activity to 50% 20 h post-treatment, while the maximum loss of Pnpla6 expression reached 80% 48 h postsilencing. Pnpla6 was silenced in embryoid bodies and 545 genes were differentially expressed regarding the control 96 h after silencing, which revealed alterations in multiple genetic pathways, such as cell motion and cell migration, vesicle regulation, and cell adhesion. These findings also allow considering that these altered pathways would impair the formation of respiratory, neural, and vascular tubes causing the deficiencies observed in the in vivo development of nervous and vascular systems. Our findings, therefore, support the previous observations made in vivo concerning lack of viability of mice embryos not expressing NTE and help to understand the biology of several neurological and developmental disorders in which NTE is involved.
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Sands WA, Copland M, Wheadon H. Targeting self-renewal pathways in myeloid malignancies. Cell Commun Signal 2013; 11:33. [PMID: 23675967 PMCID: PMC3665484 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-11-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental property of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is the ability to self-renew. This is a complex process involving multiple signal transduction cascades which control the fine balance between self-renewal and differentiation through transcriptional networks. Key activators/regulators of self-renewal include chemokines, cytokines and morphogens which are expressed in the bone marrow niche, either in a paracrine or autocrine fashion, and modulate stem cell behaviour. Increasing evidence suggests that the downstream signaling pathways induced by these ligands converge at multiple levels providing a degree of redundancy in steady state hematopoiesis. Here we will focus on how these pathways cross-talk to regulate HSC self-renewal highlighting potential therapeutic windows which could be targeted to prevent leukemic stem cell self-renewal in myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Sands
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0ZD, UK
| | - Mhairi Copland
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0ZD, UK
| | - Helen Wheadon
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0ZD, UK
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26
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Gruber TA, Gedman AL, Zhang J, Koss CS, Marada S, Ta HQ, Chen SC, Su X, Ogden SK, Dang J, Wu G, Gupta V, Andersson AK, Pounds S, Shi L, Easton J, Barbato MI, Mulder HL, Manne J, Wang J, Rusch M, Ranade S, Ganti R, Parker M, Ma J, Radtke I, Ding L, Cazzaniga G, Biondi A, Kornblau SM, Ravandi F, Kantarjian H, Nimer SD, Döhner K, Döhner H, Ley TJ, Ballerini P, Shurtleff S, Tomizawa D, Adachi S, Hayashi Y, Tawa A, Shih LY, Liang DC, Rubnitz JE, Pui CH, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Downing JR. An Inv(16)(p13.3q24.3)-encoded CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion protein defines an aggressive subtype of pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Cancer Cell 2012; 22:683-97. [PMID: 23153540 PMCID: PMC3547667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
To define the mutation spectrum in non-Down syndrome acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (non-DS-AMKL), we performed transcriptome sequencing on diagnostic blasts from 14 pediatric patients and validated our findings in a recurrency/validation cohort consisting of 34 pediatric and 28 adult AMKL samples. Our analysis identified a cryptic chromosome 16 inversion (inv(16)(p13.3q24.3)) in 27% of pediatric cases, which encodes a CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion protein. Expression of CBFA2T3-GLIS2 in Drosophila and murine hematopoietic cells induced bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling and resulted in a marked increase in the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic progenitors. These data suggest that expression of CBFA2T3-GLIS2 directly contributes to leukemogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism
- Child
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
- Drosophila/genetics
- Drosophila/growth & development
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/genetics
- Mice
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/physiology
- Prognosis
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja A. Gruber
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amanda Larson Gedman
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cary S. Koss
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Suresh Marada
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Huy Q. Ta
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shann-Ching Chen
- Hartwell Center for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stacey K. Ogden
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jinjun Dang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vedant Gupta
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anna K. Andersson
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John Easton
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael I. Barbato
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Heather L. Mulder
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jayanthi Manne
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Information Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Rusch
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Ramapriya Ganti
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Matthew Parker
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Hartwell Center for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ina Radtke
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Li Ding
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA, The Genome Institute at Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Giovanni Cazzaniga
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, Univ. Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Steven M. Kornblau
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hagop Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen D. Nimer
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute , New York, NY, USA
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hartmut Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Timothy J. Ley
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA, The Genome Institute at Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paola Ballerini
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Sheila Shurtleff
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Daisuke Tomizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Souichi Adachi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Hayashi
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Shibukawa, Japan
| | - Akio Tawa
- Dept. of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lee-Yung Shih
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Liang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey E. Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA, The Genome Institute at Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard K Wilson
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA, The Genome Institute at Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - James R. Downing
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, TN, USA and St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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27
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Fossett N. Signal transduction pathways, intrinsic regulators, and the control of cell fate choice. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1830:2375-84. [PMID: 22705942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information regarding changes in organismal status is transmitted to the stem cell regulatory machinery by a limited number of signal transduction pathways. Consequently, these pathways derive their functional specificity through interactions with stem cell intrinsic master regulators, notably transcription factors. Identifying the molecular underpinnings of these interactions is critical to understanding stem cell function. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review focuses on studies in Drosophila that identify the gene regulatory basis for interactions between three different signal transduction pathways and an intrinsic master transcriptional regulator in the context of hematopoietic stem-like cell fate choice. Specifically, the interface between the GATA:FOG regulatory complex and the JAK/STAT, BMP, and Hedgehog pathways is examined. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The GATA:FOG complex coordinates information transmitted by at least three different signal transduction pathways as a means to control stem-like cell fate choice. This illustrates emerging principles concerning regulation of stem cell function and describes a gene regulatory link between changes in organismal status and stem cell response. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The Drosophila model system offers a powerful approach to identify the molecular basis of how stem cells receive, interpret, and then respond to changes in organismal status. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biochemistry of Stem Cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Fossett
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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28
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Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) is a developmental signaling pathway in which Hh ligands bind Patched (Ptch), which relieves its inhibition of Smoothened (Smo), allowing the Gli family of transcription factors to translocate to the nucleus and activate Hh target genes. The role of Hh signaling in hematopoiesis is controversial and ill defined. Although some groups observed self-renewal defects with decreased replating and reduced efficiency of secondary murine transplants, other groups reported no hematopoietic phenotypes, which may be related to the timing of Hh abrogation. In malignant hematopoiesis, most attention has been focused on the role of Hh signaling in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), considered by many to be a stem cell disorder that bears the constitutively active BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Despite the elimination of most leukemia cells through BCR-ABL inhibition, most patients remain PCR positive, suggesting that the putative CML stem cell may be resistant to kinase antagonism. Groups are now exploring the Hh pathway as an alternate pathway supporting CML stem cell survival. Knockdown or inhibition of Smo abrogates or delays the appearance of CML in several in vitro and in vivo models. These data have lead to clinical trials using BCR-ABL kinase and novel Smo inhibitors in combination.
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