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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Shen Y, Liu C, Yang T, Tang Y, Shen Y, Gu Y. Transcriptome characterization of human gingival mesenchymal and periodontal ligament stem cells in response to electronic-cigarettes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121307. [PMID: 36804562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The potential toxicities and threats of electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) on periodontal health remain elusive. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) contribute to cell differentiation and regeneration for periodontium as well as inflammatory modulation. However, the effects of E-cig exposure on periodontal tissues, particularly GMSCs and PDLSCs, and the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq analysis to examine the transcriptome of human GMSCs and PDLSCs exposed to four types of E-cigs (aerosol and liquid with tobacco and menthol flavor) and conventional tobacco smoke in vitro. Our results showed that E-cig exposure primarily impacted the immunoregulation and inflammatory responses to pathogenic microorganisms in GMSCs, and the microenvironment, differentiation and response to corticosteroid in PDLSCs, which were significantly different from the damage effects caused by tobacco smoke. Additionally, we discovered a large number of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs among the different E-cig exposure methods and flavors. We also noticed that in GMSCs, CXCL2 was especially down-regulated by E-cig aerosol exposure whereas up-regulated by E-liquid exposure compared to control. Of note, the enhancer elements near CXCL2 and other genes located at Chromosome 4 contributed to the transcription activity of these genes, and KDM6B was remarkably elevated in response to E-liquid exposure. Lastly, we conducted ChIP-seq analysis to confirm that the elevated gene transcription by E-liquids was due to the weakened H3K27me3 at genome-wide enhancer elements in GMSCs, but not at promoter regions. Taken together, our results characterized the diverse gene expression profiles of GMSCs and PDLSCs in response to E-cigs with different exposure methods and flavors in vitro, and indicated a novel mechanism of KDM6B-mediated H3K27me3 on enhancers for gene transcription regulation. Our data could be served as a resource for emphasizing the understanding of E-cigs in periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifen Shen
- Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Yihang Shen
- Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Yongchun Gu
- Department of Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China.
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3
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Stem Cells and Their Derivatives-Implications for Alveolar Bone Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111746. [PMID: 34769175 PMCID: PMC8583713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral and craniofacial bone defects caused by congenital disease or trauma are widespread. In the case of severe alveolar bone defect, autologous bone grafting has been considered a “gold standard”; however, the procedure has several disadvantages, including limited supply, resorption, donor site morbidity, deformity, infection, and bone graft rejection. In the last few decades, bone tissue engineering combined with stem cell-based therapy may represent a possible alternative to current bone augmentation techniques. The number of studies investigating different cell-based bone tissue engineering methods to reconstruct alveolar bone damage is rapidly rising. As an interdisciplinary field, bone tissue engineering combines the use of osteogenic cells (stem cells/progenitor cells), bioactive molecules, and biocompatible scaffolds, whereas stem cells play a pivotal role. Therefore, our work highlights the osteogenic potential of various dental tissue-derived stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the progress in differentiation techniques of iPSCs into osteoprogenitor cells, and the efforts that have been made to fabricate the most suitable and biocompatible scaffold material with osteoinductive properties for successful bone graft generation. Moreover, we discuss the application of stem cell-derived exosomes as a compelling new form of “stem-cell free” therapy.
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4
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Maxillofacial-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Characteristics and Progress in Tissue Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5516521. [PMID: 34426741 PMCID: PMC8379387 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5516521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MFSCs) are a particular collective type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that originate from the hard and soft tissue of the maxillofacial region. Recently, many types of MFSCs have been isolated and characterized. MFSCs have the common characteristics of being extremely accessible and amazingly multipotent and thus have become a promising stem cell resource in tissue regeneration. However, different MFSCs can give rise to different cell lineages, have different advantages in clinical use, and regulate the immune and inflammation microenvironment through paracrine mechanisms in different ways. Hence, in this review, we will concentrate on the updated new findings of all types of MFSCs in tissue regeneration and also introduce the recently discovered types of MFSCs. Important issues about proliferation and differentiation in vitro and in vivo, up-to-date clinical application, and paracrine effect of MFSCs in tissue regeneration will also be discussed. Our review may provide a better guide for the clinical use of MFSCs and further direction of research in MFSC regeneration medicine.
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5
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Characteristics, Classification, and Application of Stem Cells Derived from Human Teeth. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8886854. [PMID: 34194509 PMCID: PMC8184333 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8886854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since mesenchymal stem cells derived from human teeth are characterized as having the properties of excellent proliferation, multilineage differentiation, and immune regulation. Dental stem cells exhibit fibroblast-like microscopic appearance and express mesenchymal markers, embryonic markers, and vascular markers but do not express hematopoietic markers. Dental stem cells are a mixed population with different sensitive markers, characteristics, and therapeutic effects. Single or combined surface markers are not only helpful for understanding the subpopulation of mixed stem cell populations according to cell function but also for improving the stable treatment effect of dental stem cells. Focusing on the discovery and characterization of stem cells isolated from human teeth over the past 20 years, this review outlines the effect of marker sorting on cell proliferation and differentiation ability and the assessment of the clinical application potential. Classified dental stem cells from markers and functional molecules can solve the problem of heterogeneity and ensure the efficacy of cell therapy strategies including dentistry, neurologic diseases, bone repair, and tissue engineering.
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6
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Diar-Bakirly S, El-Bialy T. Human gingival fibroblasts: Isolation, characterization, and evaluation of CD146 expression. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2518-2526. [PMID: 33911963 PMCID: PMC8071911 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) that exhibit adult stem cell-like characteristics are known as gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Specific mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers have not been identified to distinguish GMSCs from GFs. Recently, the cell surface molecule known as cluster of differentiation (CD) 146 has been identified as a potential MSC surface marker. In the present study, we investigated the differentiation potential of GMSCs based on CD146 expression. GFs were isolated by two techniques: tissue explants or enzymatic digestion. GFs were cultured and expanded then magnetically sorted according to CD146 expression. CD146low and CD146high cells were collected, expanded, and then tested for stem cell markers by flow cytometry as well as osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. The differentiation of these cells was analyzed after 21 days using histology, immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) to DNA ratio (GAG/DNA) assays. Positive histological staining indicated osteogenic differentiation of all groups regardless of the isolation techniques utilized. However, none of the groups demonstrated chondrogenic differentiation, confirmed by the lack of collagen type II in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of GF aggregates. Our data suggest that identification of gingival stem cells based solely on CD146 is not sufficient to properly carry out translational research using gingival fibroblasts for novel therapeutic methods of treating oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Diar-Bakirly
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry - University of Alberta, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 7-020D Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, Canada
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7
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Response of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Periodontal Tissue to LPS Depends on the Purity but Not on the LPS Source. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8704896. [PMID: 32714091 PMCID: PMC7352132 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8704896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stromal cells (hPDLSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stromal cells (hGMSCs) are resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of the periodontal tissue. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis is structurally distinct from that of other Gram-negative bacteria, and earlier studies linked this structural difference to a distinct virulence activity and the ability to activate toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), besides TLR-4 as commonly occurring upon LPS challenge. Later studies, in contrast, argue that TLR-2 activation by P. gingivalis LPS is due to lipoprotein contamination. In the present study, we aimed to define the influence of structure versus purity of P. gingivalis LPS on the immune response of hPDLSCs and hGMSCs. Cells were stimulated with commercially available "standard" P. gingivalis LPS, "ultrapure" P. gingivalis LPS, or "ultrapure" Escherichia coli LPS, and the expression of interleukin- (IL-) 8, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1, TLR-2, and TLR-4 was evaluated. The contribution of TLR-4 to the LPS-induced response was assessed using the specific TLR-4 inhibitor TAK-242. "Standard" P. gingivalis LPS induced significantly higher IL-8, IL-6, and MCP-1 production compared to the "ultrapure" LPS preparations, with no significant difference detectable for "ultrapure" LPS from P. gingivalis and E. coli. By using TAK-242, the response of hPDLSCs and hGMSCs to "ultrapure" LPS preparations was effectively inhibited to the levels comparable to those of nonstimulated controls. In contrast, high levels of response to "standard" LPS were observed, even in the presence of TAK-242. Our data show that the response of MSCs from periodontal tissue to LPS depends more on the purity of the LPS preparation than on the LPS source. Even a small amount of contaminating lipoproteins can drastically enhance the hPDLSCs' and hGMSCs; responsiveness to P. gingivalis LPS, which might also contribute to the progression of periodontal disease.
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8
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Qi L, Liu L, Hu Y, Li J, Li J, Cao N, Zhu F, Shi C, Zhang L. Concentrated growth factor promotes gingival regeneration through the AKT/Wnt/β-catenin and YAP signaling pathways. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:920-932. [PMID: 32496895 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1773482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although concentrated growth factor (CGF) is known to promote gingival regeneration and improve the outcomes of clinical treatment, the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of CGF on gingival thickening. To this end, gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were treated with different concentrations of CGF, and the effects of CGF on cell proliferation and migration; collagen-1 (Col-1), fibronectin (FN), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) expression; and the AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and Yes-associated protein (YAP) signalling pathways were investigated. The effects of CGF in vivo were also investigated in a rat buccal gingival injection model. GMSCs cultured with CGF showed improved cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, CGF treatment improved the levels of FN, Col-1, VEGF, and ANG-1. These effects of CGF were mediated by the AKT/Wnt and YAP pathways, with the AKT pathway possibly functioning upstream of the Wnt/β-catenin and YAP pathways. YAP was also shown to be overexpressed in the in vivo model. Thus, CGF can promote gingival regeneration, and YAP transport into the nucleus may be a key factor underlying this activity, which provides a novel perspective for gingival regeneration and further promotion of the clinical application of CGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Cao
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangxing Zhu
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoji Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Koltsova AM, Zenin VV, Turilova VI, Yakovleva TK, Poljanskaya GG. Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Gingiva. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x2001006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Kang W, Ji X, Zhang X, Tang D, Feng Q. Persistent Exposure to Fusobacterium nucleatum Triggers Chemokine/Cytokine Release and Inhibits the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation Capabilities of Human Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:429. [PMID: 31921705 PMCID: PMC6927917 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most frequent pathogenic bacteria causing periodontitis. The direct effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) on oral stem cells has rarely been reported. In this study, we aimed to evaluate how gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) respond to a direct challenge with F. nucleatum. GMSCs were isolated by the limiting dilution method and exposed to F. nucleatum at various multiplicities of infection (MOIs; F. nucleatum:cell ratios of 10:1, 50:1, and 100:1) for 24 h to 4 weeks. Our results indicated that F. nucleatum significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and promoted cell migration and the release of chemokines/cytokines, such as CCL2, CXCL1, and IL-6. Additionally, F. nucleatum inhibited GMSC osteogenic differentiation partly by decreasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodule formation, and osteogenesis-related gene and protein expression. RNA-sequencing analyses indicated that F. nucleatum time-dependently activated cellular signaling pathways during the process of osteogenic differentiation. A total of 64 cell differentiation-related genes were found to be differentially expressed between non-infected and F. nucleatum-infected GMSCs at 3, 7, 14, and 21 d. Intriguingly, we discovered that the 64 cell differentiation-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in cancer-related pathways, such as bone cancer, osteosarcoma and bone marrow cancer, which provides new insight into tumorigenesis during the process of GMSC osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that persistent exposure to F. nucleatum promotes cell migration and chemokine/cytokine release and inhibits the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of GMSCs. Our study provides a novel and long-time bacteria-cell co-culture in vitro model and makes a foundation for the future mechanistic studies of GMSCs under F. nucleatum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Kang
- Department of Human Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- Department of Human Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- Department of Human Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Di Tang
- Department of Human Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Human Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Vidoni C, Ferraresi A, Secomandi E, Vallino L, Gardin C, Zavan B, Mortellaro C, Isidoro C. Autophagy drives osteogenic differentiation of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:98. [PMID: 31426798 PMCID: PMC6701103 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Autophagy is a macromolecular degradation process playing a pivotal role in the maintenance of stem-like features and in the morpho-functional remodeling of the tissues undergoing differentiation. In this work we investigated the involvement of autophagy in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells originated from human gingiva (HGMSC). METHODS To promote the osteogenic differentiation of HGMSCs we employed resveratrol, a nutraceutical known to modulate autophagy and cell differentiation, together with osteoblastic inductive factors. Osteoblastic differentiation and autophagy were monitored through western blotting and immunofluorescence staining of specific markers. RESULTS We show that HGMSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts when cultured in the presence of appropriate factors and that resveratrol accelerates this process by up-regulating autophagy. The prolonged incubation with dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid induced the osteogenic differentiation of HGMSCc with increased expression of autophagy markers. Resveratrol (1 μM) alone elicited a less marked osteogenic differentiation yet it greatly induced autophagy and, when added to the osteogenic differentiation factors, it provoked a synergistic effect. Resveratrol and osteogenic inductive factors synergistically induced the AMPK-BECLIN-1 pro-autophagic pathway in differentiating HGMSCs, that was thereafter downregulated in osteoblastic differentiated cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of BECLIN-1-dependent autophagy precluded the osteogenic differentiation of HGMSCs. CONCLUSIONS Autophagy modulation is instrumental for osteoblastic differentiation of HGMSCs. The present findings can be translated into the regenerative cell therapy of maxillary / mandibular bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vidoni
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferraresi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Secomandi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Vallino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, via Corriera 1, 48033, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, via Corriera 1, 48033, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy.,Medical Sciences Department, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carmen Mortellaro
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Science, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
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12
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Henckes NAC, Festa JCD, Faleiro D, Medeiros HR, Guerra NB, Dos Santos LAL, Terraciano PB, Passos EP, de Oliveira FDS, Cirne-Lima EO. Tissue-engineered solution containing cells and biomaterials-an in vitro study: A perspective as a novel therapeutic application. Int J Artif Organs 2019; 42:307-314. [PMID: 30838938 DOI: 10.1177/0391398819833383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Some biomaterial scaffolds can positively interfere with tissue regeneration and are being developed to successfully repair the tissue function. The possibility of using epithelial cells combined with biomaterials appears to be a new option as therapeutic application. This combination emerges as a possibility for patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome which requires vaginal repair and can be performed with tissue-engineered solution containing cells and biomaterials. It is expected that tissue-engineered solution containing cells and biomaterials would promote tissue repair in a more efficient, modern, and safe way. This study tested the efficiency of tissue-engineered solution containing human malignant melanoma cell line (HMV-II) and different biomaterials, including Cellprene®, Membracel®, and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene. The cells adhered better on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene, and it was found that tissue-engineered solution may also contain mesenchymal stem cells cultivated on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene. Histological, immunofluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed. These initial in vitro results suggest that tissue-engineered solution containing cells and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene is a potential for tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Andréa Corbellini Henckes
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde-Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Jaquelline Christine Dias Festa
- 2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Dalana Faleiro
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde-Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Helouise Richardt Medeiros
- 2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil.,3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Nayrim Brizuela Guerra
- 4 Laboratório de Biomateriais e Cerâmicas Avançadas, Departamento de Materiais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Luis Alberto Loureiro Dos Santos
- 4 Laboratório de Biomateriais e Cerâmicas Avançadas, Departamento de Materiais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Paula Barros Terraciano
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde-Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Pandolfi Passos
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde-Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil.,3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Dos Santos de Oliveira
- 2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Elizabeth Obino Cirne-Lima
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde-Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,2 Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil.,5 Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
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13
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Giacomelli C, Natali L, Nisi M, De Leo M, Daniele S, Costa B, Graziani F, Gabriele M, Braca A, Trincavelli ML, Martini C. Negative effects of a high tumour necrosis factor-α concentration on human gingival mesenchymal stem cell trophism: the use of natural compounds as modulatory agents. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:135. [PMID: 29751776 PMCID: PMC5948671 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and in regenerative processes. Among the different MSC types, the gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have arisen as a promising tool to promote the repair of damaged tissues secreting trophic mediators that affect different types of cells involved in regenerative processes. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α is one of the key mediators of inflammation that could affect tissue regenerative processes and modify the MSC properties in in-vitro applications. To date, no data have been reported on the effects of TNF-α on GMSC trophic activities and how its modulation with anti-inflammatory agents from natural sources could modulate the GMSC properties. Methods GMSCs were isolated and characterized from healthy subjects. The effects of TNF-α were evaluated on GMSCs and on the well-being of endothelial cells. The secretion of cytokines was measured and related to the modification of GMSC-endothelial cell communication using a conditioned-medium method. The ability to modify the inflammatory response was evaluated in the presence of Ribes nigrum bud extract (RBE). Results TNF-α differently affected GMSC proliferation and the expression of inflammatory-related proteins (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2) dependent on its concentration. A high TNF-α concentration decreased the GMSC viability and impaired the positive cross-talk between GMSCs and endothelial cells, probably by enhancing the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the GMSC secretome. RBE restored the beneficial effects of GMSCs on endothelial viability and motility under inflammatory conditions. Conclusions A high TNF-α concentration decreased the well-being of GMSCs, modifying their trophic activities and decreasing endothelial cell healing. These data highlight the importance of controlling TNF-α concentrations to maintain the trophic activity of GMSCs. Furthermore, the use of natural anti-inflammatory agents restored the regenerative properties of GMSCs on endothelial cells, opening the way to the use and development of natural extracts in wound healing, periodontal regeneration, and tissue-engineering applications that use MSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0880-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Letizia Natali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Nisi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Costa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Graziani
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Gabriele
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Letizia Trincavelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy. .,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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14
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics: Implications in Periodontal Bone Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1107:91-112. [PMID: 30105601 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In orthopedic medicine, a feasible reconstruction of bone structures remains one of the main challenges both for healthcare and for improvement of patients' quality of life. There is a growing interest in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) medical application, due to their multilineage differentiation potential, and tissue engineering integration to improve bone repair and regeneration. In this review we will describe the main characteristics of MSCs, such as osteogenesis, immunomodulation and antibacterial properties, key parameters to consider during bone repair strategies. Moreover, we describe the properties of calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics, which demonstrate to be useful tools in combination with MSCs, due to their biocompatibility, osseointegration and osteoconduction for bone repair and regeneration. Also, we overview the main characteristics of dental cavity MSCs, which are promising candidates, in combination with CaP bioceramics, for bone regeneration and tissue engineering. The understanding of MSCs biology and their interaction with CaP bioceramics and other biomaterials is critical for orthopedic surgical bone replacement, reconstruction and regeneration, which is an integrative and dynamic medical, scientific and bioengineering field of research and biotechnology.
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15
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Li P, Zhao Y, Ge L. Therapeutic effects of human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on murine contact hypersensitivity via prostaglandin E2-EP3 signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:103. [PMID: 27484807 PMCID: PMC4969691 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions of human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GMSCs) have been demonstrated in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) models; however, their therapeutic effect during the late phase of CHS has been poor. METHODS The murine CHS model was induced by applying oxazolone to the ears of mice. Mesenchymal stromal cells were applied via two methods (intravenous or local injection) at three time points: 1 day before sensitization, 1 day before challenge, or 1 h after challenge. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and sulprostone were administered subcutaneously 1 h after challenge. RESULTS The application of GMSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and adipose-derived stem cells all effectively suppressed CHS; however, GMSC treatment exhibited the greatest efficacy. Local injection of GMSCs led to a more marked attenuation of CHS compared with intravenous injection, especially during the late phase of CHS, and this manifested as decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, suppression of the levels of various proinflammatory cytokines, reconstruction of the disrupted Th1/Th2 balance, and upregulation of regulatory T cells in the allergen contact areas. Pretreatment with indomethacin significantly abrogated the GMSC-mediated immunosuppressive effects, while PGE2 application reversed the effects of indomethacin pretreatment of GMSCs. Moreover, GMSC administration promoted the expression of EP3, a prostaglandin E receptor, and the application of sulprostone, an agonist of EP3, significantly attenuated CHS to a similar degree as that of GMSC administration. CONCLUSIONS GMSCs have reproducible and powerful immunomodulatory functions. Local injection of GMSCs is the superior mode for therapeutic application. PGE2-EP3 signaling plays an important role in the immunomodulatory functions of GMSCs in murine CHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihong Ge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
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16
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Zhao N, Wang X, Qin L, Zhai M, Yuan J, Chen J, Li D. Effect of hyaluronic acid in bone formation and its applications in dentistry. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1560-9. [PMID: 27007721 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ningbo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
| | - Dehua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Implants; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; No. 145 Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 People's Republic of China
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17
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Maxim MA, Soritau O, Baciut M, Bran S, Baciut G. The role of dental stem cells in regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 88:479-82. [PMID: 26733745 PMCID: PMC4689240 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that have the capacity of rising multiple cell types. A rich source of mesenchymal stem cells is represented by the dental tissues: the periodontal ligament, the dental pulp, the apical papilla, the dental follicle and the deciduous teeth. The aim of this review is to characterize the main dental- derived mesenchymal stem cell population, and to show their important role in tissue regeneration based on their properties : the multi-potency, the high proliferation rate, the differentiation in multiple cell lineages, the high cell viability and the positive expression for mesenchymal cell markers. Tissue regeneration or de novo’ formation of craniofacial structures is the future of regenerative medicine, offering a solution for congenital malformations, traumas and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Soritau
- Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baciut
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Emergencies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Emergencies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Grigore Baciut
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Emergencies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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