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Abu El-Magd SA, Ismael IS, El-Sabri MAS, Abdo MS, Farhat HI. Integrated machine learning-based model and WQI for groundwater quality assessment: ML, geospatial, and hydro-index approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:53862-53875. [PMID: 36864333 PMCID: PMC10119052 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The demands upon the arid area for water supply pose threats to both the quantity and quality of social and economic activities. Thus, a widely used machine learning model, namely the support vector machines (SVM) integrated with water quality indices (WQI), was used to assess the groundwater quality. The predictive ability of the SVM model was assessed using a field dataset for groundwater from Abu-Sweir and Abu-Hammad, Ismalia, Egypt. Multiple water quality parameters were chosen as independent variables to build the model. The results revealed that the permissible and unsuitable class values range from 36 to 27%, 45 to 36%, and 68 to 15% for the WQI approach, SVM method and SVM-WQI model respectively. Besides, the SVM-WQI model shows a low percentage of the area for excellent class compared to the SVM model and WQI. The SVM model trained with all predictors with a mean square error (MSE) of 0.002 and 0.41; the models that had higher accuracy reached 0.88. Moreover, the study highlighted that SVM-WQI can be successfully implemented for the assessment of groundwater quality (0.90 accuracy). The resulting groundwater model in the study sites indicates that the groundwater is influenced by rock-water interaction and the effect of leaching and dissolution. Overall, the integrated ML model and WQI give an understanding of water quality assessment, which may be helpful in the future development of such areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ismael S Ismael
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Sayed Abdo
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
| | - Hassan I Farhat
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
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2
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Onyeaka H, Anumudu CK, Okpe C, Okafor A, Ihenetu F, Miri T, Odeyemi OA, Anyogu A. Single Cell Protein for Foods and Feeds: A Review of Trends. Open Microbiol J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742858-v16-e2206160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
Predictions on the world’s population in the next few decades suggest that the global demand for animal-derived proteins may not be met if current conventional agriculture approaches are used. One promising solution to this complex crisis lies in the use of single-cell proteins (SCP). SCP refers to the edible biomass of unicellular microorganisms and can be developed as animal feeds or human foods. This paper provides a detailed overview on research towards the production and utilisation of SCPs and trends within the field.
Study Design:
A bibliometric based study was conducted on 425 SCP research articles collected from the Web of Science database, analysing the most cited papers using VOSviewer software, and contributing authors, affiliations and country of origin. Research publications on SCP started in 1961 and has grown steadily over the years.
Discussion:
Emerging research topics within SCP production focused on the use of improved fungal strains, the composition and characteristics of SCPs based on the type of substrates used, industrial production processes and the use of waste for SCP production, which serves the dual purpose of mitigating the cost associated with waste disposal and production of a valuable product.
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Mechanism of enhanced production of triterpenoids in algal-fungal consortium. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1625-1633. [PMID: 35963944 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chlorella pyrenoidosa-Ganoderma lucidum symbiotic systems were constructed. The mechanism of enhanced production of triterpenoids in algal-fungal consortium by comparing the contents of triterpenoids in individual fungal systems and algal-fungal consortium systems was investigated. The production of triterpenoids in C. pyrenoidosa-G. lucidum consortium increased significantly (P < 0.05). The categories and relative abundances of metabolites in the individual systems and algal-fungal systems were measured and analyzed by metabonomic tests. There were 57 significant different metabolites (VIP > 1 and P < 0.05) including 12 downregulated metabolites and 45 upregulated metabolites were obtained. The significant enriched metabolic pathways (VIP > 1 and P < 0.05) of citrate cycle (TCA cycle), tyrosine metabolism, glycolysis, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis in algal-fungal consortium were obtained. The relative abundances of important precursors of triterpenoids including mevalonic acid, lanosterol, and hydroquinone were 1.4 times, 1.7 times, and 2 times, respectively, in algal-fungal consortium than that in the individual fungal systems. The presence of C. pyrenoidosa in algal-fungal consortium promoted the biosynthesis of triterpenoids in G. lucidum.
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4
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Mahendran MS, Antony Dhanapal ACT, Wong LS, Kasivelu G, Djearamane S. Microalgae as a Potential Source of Bioactive Food Compounds. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.9.3.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are unicellular, photosynthethic organisms that can grow on diverse aquatic habitatss like ponds, lakes, rivers, oceans, waste water and humid soils. Recently, microalgae are gaining importance as renewable sources of biologically active food compounds such as polysaccharides, proteins, essential fatty acids, biopigments such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, astaxanthin, as well as vitamins and minerals.The bioactive food compounds of microalgae enable them to be part of multitude of applications in numerous industrial products for healthy life and ecosystem. This review article summarizes the applications of biologically active food compounds derived from microalgae as nutraceuticals, healthy dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Further, this review article highlights the importance of research focus on the identification and extraction of bioactive food compounds from the huge numbers of microlage that exist in nature for sustainable global food security and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manishaa Sri Mahendran
- 1Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | | | - Ling Shing Wong
- 2Life Science Division, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Govindaraju Kasivelu
- 3MoES - Earth Science and Technology Cell (Marine Biotechnological Studies), Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University) Chennai, India
| | - Sinouvassane Djearamane
- 4Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
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5
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Chen W, Wang J, Ren Y, Chen H, He C, Wang Q. Optimized production and enrichment of α-linolenic acid by Scenedesmus sp. HSJ296. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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D'Elia L, Imbimbo P, Liberti D, Bolinesi F, Mangoni O, Pollio A, Olivieri G, Monti DM. Thermo resistant antioxidants from photoautotrophic microorganisms: screening and characterization. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:215. [PMID: 34762205 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The demand for natural antioxidants to be used in food industry is increasing, as synthetic antioxidants are toxic and have high production costs. Specifically, food processing and preservation require antioxidants resistant to thermal sterilization processes. In this study, twenty-five strains among microalgae and cyanobacteria were screened as antioxidants producers. The species Enallax sp., Synechococcus bigranulatus and Galdieria sulphuraria showed the highest content of chlorophyll a and total carotenoids. In vitro stability and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts were performed. The results revealed that pigments present in the extracts, obtained from the previously mentioned species, were stable at room temperature and exhibited in vitro free radical scavenging potential with IC50 values of 0.099 ± 0.001, 0.048 ± 0.001 and 0.13 ± 0.02 mg mL-1, respectively. Biocompatibility assay showed that the extracts were not toxic on immortalized cell lines. The antioxidant activity was also tested on a cell-based model by measuring intracellular ROS levels after sodium arsenite treatment. Noteworthy, extracts were able to exert the same protective effect, before and after the pasteurization process. Results clearly indicate the feasibility of obtaining biologically active and thermostable antioxidants from microalgae. Green solvents can be used to obtain thermo-resistant antioxidants from cyanobacteria and microalgae which can be used in the food industry. Thus, the substitution of synthetic pigments with natural ones is now practicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi D'Elia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Liberti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bolinesi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Mangoni
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Pollio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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An integration study of microalgae bioactive retention: From microalgae biomass to microalgae bioactives nanoparticle. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 158:112607. [PMID: 34653554 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae metabolites include biologically active compounds with therapeutic effects such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation effects. One of the most recent focuses is on utilizing microalgae lipid-based biologically active compounds in food applications. However, most microalgae biological active compounds in their natural forms have common drawbacks like low solubility, low physicochemical stability and strong susceptibility to degradation, which significantly limits their application in foods, therefore, it is important to find solutions to retain their functional properties. In the present work, a comprehensive review on multi-product biorefinery was carried out from upstream processing stage to downstream processing stage, and identify critical processes and factors that impact bioactive material acquisition and retention. Furthermore, since nanoencapsulation technology emerges as an effective solution for microalgae nutraceutical product's retention, this work also focus on the nanoparticle perspective and comprehensively reviews the current nanoencapsulation solutions of the microalgae bioactive extract products. The aim is to depict advances in the formulations of microalage bioactive nanoparticles and provide a critical analysis of the reported nanoparticle formation. Overall, through the investigation of microalgae from biomass to bioactive nanoparticles, we aim to facilitate microalgae nutraceuticals incorporation as high value-added ingredients in more functional food that can improve human health.
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8
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Sterols in red macroalgae from antarctica: extraction and quantification by Gas Chromatography–Mass spectrometry. Polar Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Kusmayadi A, Leong YK, Yen HW, Huang CY, Chang JS. Microalgae as sustainable food and feed sources for animals and humans - Biotechnological and environmental aspects. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129800. [PMID: 33736224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Offering a potential solution for global food security and mitigating environmental issues caused by the expansion of land-based food production, the carbon-hunger and nutrient-rich microalgae emerged as a sustainable food source for both humans and animals. Other than as an alternative source for protein, microalgae offer its most valuable nutrients, omega-3 and 6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids where the content can compete with that of marine fish with lower chemicals contamination and higher purity. Furthermore, the colorful pigments of microalgae can act as antioxidants together with many other health-improving properties as well as a natural colorant. In addition, the supplementation of algae as animal feed provides plentiful benefits, such as improved growth and body weight, reduced feed intake, enhanced immune response and durability towards illness, antibacterial and antiviral action as well as enrichment of livestock products with bioactive compounds. The significant breakthrough in algal biotechnology has made algae a powerful "cell factory" for food production and lead to the rapid growth of the algal bioeconomy in the food and feed industry. The first overview of this review was to present the general of microalgae and its potential capability. Subsequently, the nutritional compositions of microalgae were discussed together with its applications in human foods and animal feeds, followed by the exploration of their economic feasibility and sustainability as well as market trends. Lastly, both challenges and future perspectives were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Kusmayadi
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Yen
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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10
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Abidizadegan M, Peltomaa E, Blomster J. The Potential of Cryptophyte Algae in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:618836. [PMID: 33603668 PMCID: PMC7884888 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.618836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae produce a variety of bioactive components that provide benefits to human and animal health. Cryptophytes are one of the major groups of microalgae, with more than 20 genera comprised of 200 species. Recently, cryptophytes have attracted scientific attention because of their characteristics and biotechnological potential. For example, they are rich in a number of chemical compounds, such as fatty acids, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins and polysaccharides, which are mainly used for food, medicine, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. This paper provides a review of studies that assess protective algal compounds and introduce cryptophytes as a remarkable source of bioactive components that may be usable in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abidizadegan
- Environmental Laboratory, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
| | - Elina Peltomaa
- Institute of Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaanika Blomster
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Vieira MV, Pastrana LM, Fuciños P. Microalgae Encapsulation Systems for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E644. [PMID: 33333921 PMCID: PMC7765346 DOI: 10.3390/md18120644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are microorganisms with a singular biochemical composition, including several biologically active compounds with proven pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. These properties make microalgae an interesting natural resource to be used as a functional ingredient, as well as in the prevention and treatment of diseases, or cosmetic formulations. Nevertheless, natural bioactives often possess inherent chemical instability and/or poor solubility, which are usually associated with low bioavailability. As such, their industrial potential as a health-promoting substance might be severely compromised. In this context, encapsulation systems are considered as a promising and emerging strategy to overcome these shortcomings due to the presence of a surrounding protective layer. Diverse systems have already been reported in the literature for natural bioactives, where some of them have been successfully applied to microalgae compounds. Therefore, this review focuses on exploring encapsulation systems for microalgae biomass, their extracts, or purified bioactives for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes. Moreover, this work also covers the most common encapsulation techniques and types of coating materials used, along with the main findings regarding the beneficial effects of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Fuciños
- Food Processing and Nutrition Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (M.V.V.); (L.M.P.)
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12
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Pereira AG, Jimenez-Lopez C, Fraga M, Lourenço-Lopes C, García-Oliveira P, Lorenzo JM, Perez-Lamela C, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J. Extraction, Properties, and Applications of Bioactive Compounds Obtained from Microalgae. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1929-1950. [PMID: 32242779 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200403172206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in the global population, getting new sources of food is essential. One of the solutions can be found in the oceans due to algae. Microalgae are aquatic photosynthetic organisms used mainly due to their variety of bioactive compounds. The consumption of microalgae has been carried out for centuries and is recommended by organizations, such as OMS and FAO, due to its nutritional value and its properties. Based on the existing literature, there is substantial evidence of the nutritional quality of the algae as well as their functional elements. However, much quantification is still necessary, as well as studying possible adverse effects. The present review describes the compounds of alimentary interest present in these algae as well as different extraction techniques assisted by different energetic mechanisms (such as heat, supercritical-fluid, microwave, ultrasound, enzymes, electric field, high hydrostatic pressure, among others). The most challenging and crucial issues are reducing microalgae growth cost and optimizing extraction techniques. This review aimed a better understanding of the uses of microalgae for new researches in nutrition. Since the use of microalgae is still a field in which there is much to discover, it is likely that more benefits will be found in its consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antia G Pereira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.,Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Lopez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.,Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria Fraga
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.,Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Catarina Lourenço-Lopes
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.,Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Paula García-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Concepcion Perez-Lamela
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Coudert
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, France
| | - E. Baéza
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, France
| | - C. Berri
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, France
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14
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da Silva AA, Fonseca GG. Influence of luminosity, carbon source and concentration of salts in the physiology of Chlorella sorokiniana. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:719-729. [PMID: 30092717 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1509889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth studies are important to increase the knowledge about the physiology of microalgae. The development of suitable culture media allows optimum growth to each species. The genus Chlorella has the ability to adapt to various environmental and nutritional conditions. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the physiology of Chlorella sorokiniana CTT 7727 at different growth conditions with Basal Bold (BB) medium. For that, heterotrophic, autotrophic and mixotrophic cultures were carried out. The maximum specific growth rates (µmax), the maximum biomass concentrations (Xmax) and cell productivities (PX) were calculated for each experiment. Among all the treatments evaluated, that with 24 h light, 3x BB (g L-1) and CO2 presented a higher µmax (0.40 day-1) and maximum cell concentration due the increased concentration of nutrients. Replacement of dark to light has increased Xmax from 2.3 × 105 to 9.3 × 106 cells mL-1 in regular BB medium and 3.6 × 105 to 2.1 × 107 cells mL-1 in 3x BB medium in autotrophic cultivations. The PX increased from 2.4 × 104 cells mL-1 h-1 (1x BB (g L-1)) to 3.6 × 104 cells mL-1 h-1 (3x BB (g L-1)), in the presence of 24 light and CO2. However, the same behaviour was not observed when BB concentration was increased 6, 8 or 10 times the initial concentration of BB medium. Experiments with pulses of concentrated nutrients showed that declining cells can resume their growth after nutrient depletion, but the viability is decreased after successive pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisson Alves da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciano Fonseca
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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15
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Production, Preparation and Characterization of Microalgae-Based Biopolymer as a Potential Bioactive Film. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Six microalgae strains were screened according to their biomass productivity and polymer synthesis, showing biomass productivity between 0.14 and 0.68 g/(L·d) for a 21-day growth period. Extracellular biopolymers from the spent culture media of Nostoc sp. (No), Synechocystis sp. (Sy), and Porphyridium purpureum (Pp) was obtained, and the yields of the clean biopolymer were 323, 204, and 83 mg/L, respectively. The crude biopolymer was cleaned up using a solid-phase extraction technique. The emulsification index E24 values for the clean biopolymer were 77.5%, 68.8%, and 73.3% at 0.323, 0.083, and 0.204 mg/mL, respectively. The clean biopolymer of the No strain showed the highest fungal growth inhibition against Fusarium verticillioides (70.2%) and Fusarium sp. (61.4%) at 2.24 mg/mL. In general, transparent and flexible biofilms were prepared using biopolymers of No and Pp. The microstructural analysis revealed the presence of pores and cracks in the biofilms, and the average roughness Ra values are 68.6 and 86.4 nm for No and Pp, respectively, and the root mean square roughness Rq values are 86.2 and 107.2 nm for No and Pp, respectively.
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16
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Improved production of lutein and β-carotene by thermal and light intensity upshifts in the marine microalga Tetraselmis sp. CTP4. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Bernaerts TM, Gheysen L, Foubert I, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM. The potential of microalgae and their biopolymers as structuring ingredients in food: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Biomolecules from extremophile microalgae: From genetics to bioprocessing of a new candidate for large-scale production. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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19
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Cardoso C, Gomes R, Rato A, Joaquim S, Machado J, Gonçalves JF, Vaz-Pires P, Magnoni L, Matias D, Coelho I, Delgado I, Castanheira I, Matos J, Ozório R, Bandarra N, Afonso C. Elemental composition and bioaccessibility of farmed oysters ( Crassostrea gigas) fed different ratios of dietary seaweed and microalgae during broodstock conditioning. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2495-2504. [PMID: 31428337 PMCID: PMC6694415 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) culture has been expanding, thereby leading to a greater importance of hatcheries. Broodstock conditioning is very important in the hatchery process, in which diet composition may have a strong influence on the offspring production and quality. Therefore, the current study evaluated elemental composition and bioaccessibility of oysters fed different ratios of dietary seaweed (SW) and microalgae. The dietary conditioning consisted of direct replacement of microalgae by SW at four substitution levels (0%, 25%, 50%, and 100% diet). It was observed that oysters fed 100% SW had the highest levels of Be, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Cd. The most important trend was a concentration decline of most elements with progressively lower levels of SW substitution for microalgae in the feeds. No Cd or Pb hazard (contents below 1.0 mg/kg for Cd and 1.5 mg/kg for Pb) was found in oyster meat. Regarding elemental bioaccessibility, values were similar, near 100% in the cases of Cu, Br, and I. Only for Mn and Pb, bioaccessibility percentages deviated more from 100%. Indeed, the value for Pb was 50% ± 7% (initial group), and for Mn, all values were equal or lower than 29% ± 2% (final group of oysters fed microalgae). It was observed that Mn, Cd, and Pb bioaccessibility increased with a growing share of microalgal biomass in the feed. Therefore, this study showed that SW incorporation into the feed influences elemental composition and bioaccessibility of the oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Romina Gomes
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Ana Rato
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Sandra Joaquim
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Jorge Machado
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal.,Department of Aquatic Production, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - José Fernando Gonçalves
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal.,Department of Aquatic Production, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Paulo Vaz-Pires
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal.,Department of Aquatic Production, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Leonardo Magnoni
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Domitília Matias
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Inês Coelho
- Food and Nutrition Department National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA, IP) Lisbon Portugal
| | - Inês Delgado
- Food and Nutrition Department National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA, IP) Lisbon Portugal
| | - Isabel Castanheira
- Food and Nutrition Department National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA, IP) Lisbon Portugal
| | - Joana Matos
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Ozório
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Narcisa Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA Lisboa Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) University of Porto Matosinhos Portugal
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20
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Matos J, Cardoso CL, Falé P, Afonso CM, Bandarra NM. Investigation of nutraceutical potential of the microalgae
Chlorella vulgaris
and
Arthrospira platensis. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Matos
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Lisbon 1495‐006 Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande, 16 Lisbon 1749‐016 Portugal
| | - Carlos L. Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Lisbon 1495‐006 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto4050‐123Portugal
| | - Pedro Falé
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande, 16 Lisbon 1749‐016 Portugal
| | - Cláudia M. Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Lisbon 1495‐006 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto4050‐123Portugal
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Lisbon 1495‐006 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto4050‐123Portugal
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21
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Galasso C, Gentile A, Orefice I, Ianora A, Bruno A, Noonan DM, Sansone C, Albini A, Brunet C. Microalgal Derivatives as Potential Nutraceutical and Food Supplements for Human Health: A Focus on Cancer Prevention and Interception. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1226. [PMID: 31146462 PMCID: PMC6627306 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies are providing strong evidence on beneficial health effects from dietary measures, leading scientists to actively investigate which foods and which specific agents in the diet can prevent diseases. Public health officers and medical experts should collaborate toward the design of disease prevention diets for nutritional intervention. Functional foods are emerging as an instrument for dietary intervention in disease prevention. Functional food products are technologically developed ingredients with specific health benefits. Among promising sources of functional foods and chemopreventive diets of interest, microalgae are gaining worldwide attention, based on their richness in high-value products, including carotenoids, proteins, vitamins, essential amino acids, omega-rich oils and, in general, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds. Beneficial effects of microalgae on human health and/or wellness could in the future be useful in preventing or delaying the onset of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. During the past decades, microalgal biomass was predominately used in the health food market, with more than 75% of the annual microalgal biomass production being employed for the manufacture of powders, tablets, capsules or pastilles. In this review, we report and discuss the present and future role of microalgae as marine sources of functional foods/beverages for human wellbeing, focusing on perspectives in chemoprevention. We dissected this topic by analyzing the different classes of microalgal compounds with health outputs (based on their potential chemoprevention activities), the biodiversity of microalgal species and how to improve their cultivation, exploring the perspective of sustainable food from the sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Galasso
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Gentile
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ida Orefice
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 211000 Varese, Italy.
| | | | - Adriana Albini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
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22
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Halaj M, Matulová M, Šutovská M, Barboríková J, Kazimierová I, Fraňová S, Přibyl P, Cepák V, Lukavský J, Capek P. Chemico-physical and pharmacodynamic properties of extracellular Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides biopolymer. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 198:215-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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24
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Assunção MF, Varejão JM, Santos LM. Nutritional characterization of the microalga Ruttnera lamellosa compared to Porphyridium purpureum. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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de Mello-Sampayo C, Paterna A, Polizzi A, Duarte D, Batista I, Pinto R, Gonçalves P, Raymundo A, Batista AP, Gouveia L, Silva-Lima B, Bandarra NM. Evaluation of Marine Microalga Diacronema vlkianum Biomass Fatty Acid Assimilation in Wistar Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071097. [PMID: 28671567 PMCID: PMC6152232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diacronema vlkianum is a marine microalgae for which supposed health promoting effects have been claimed based on its phytochemical composition. The potential use of its biomass as health ingredient, including detox-shakes, and the lack of bioavailability studies were the main concerns. In order to evaluate the microalgae-biomass assimilation and its health-benefits, single-dose (CD1-mice) studies were followed by 66-days repeated-dose study in Wistar rats with the highest tested single-dose of microalgae equivalent to 101 mg/kg eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA). Microalgae-supplementation modulated EPA and docosapentaenoic acid enrichment at arachidonic acid content expenditure in erythrocytes and liver, while increasing EPA content of heart and adipose tissues of rats. Those fatty acid (FA) changes confirmed the D. vlkianum-biomass FA assimilation. The principal component analyses discriminated brain from other tissues, which formed two other groups (erythrocytes, liver, and heart separated from kidney and adipose tissues), pointing to a distinct signature of FA deposition for the brain and for the other organs. The improved serum lipid profile, omega-3 index and erythrocyte plasticity support the cardiovascular benefits of D. vlkianum. These results bolster the potential of D. vlkianum-biomass to become a “heart-healthy” food supplement providing a safe and renewable source of bioavailable omega-3 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina de Mello-Sampayo
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal.
| | - Angela Paterna
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal.
| | - Ambra Polizzi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal.
| | - Diana Duarte
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon 1495-006, Portugal.
| | - Irineu Batista
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon 1495-006, Portugal.
| | - Rui Pinto
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Gonçalves
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon 1495-006, Portugal.
| | - Anabela Raymundo
- LEAF (Linking Landscape Environment Agriculture and Food), Research Center. Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa. Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana P Batista
- LEAF (Linking Landscape Environment Agriculture and Food), Research Center. Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa. Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Gouveia
- LNEG_Bioenergy Unit, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz Silva-Lima
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal.
| | - Narcisa M Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon 1495-006, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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26
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Klejdus B, Plaza M, Šnóblová M, Lojková L. Development of new efficient method for isolation of phenolics from sea algae prior to their rapid resolution liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric determination. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 135:87-96. [PMID: 28012309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The extraction of phenolic compounds from 4 different sea algae samples, three brown algae (Cystoseira abies-marina, C. abies-marina grinded under cryogenic conditions with liquid nitrogen, Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum muticum) and one red algae (Chondrus crispus) via solid phase extraction using micro-elution solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) plate method was studied. Prior to μ-SPE, 50mg of algae with 80% methanol mixture was extracted in hyphenated series by various extraction techniques, such as pressurized liquid extraction and Ika Ultra-Turrax® Tube Drive, in combination with ultrasound assisted extraction. The μ-SPE plate technique reduced the time of sample pre-treatment thanks to higher sensitivity and pre-concentration effect. Selected groups of benzoic acid derivatives (p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, gallic, vanillic, and syringic acids), hydroxybenzaldehydes (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde), and cinnamic acid derivatives (p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic, and chlorogenic acids) were determined using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection with negative ion electrospray ionization (RRLC-ESI-MS) using multiple reactions monitoring. LOQs of measured samples varied in the range 0.23-1.68ng/mL and LODs in the range 0.07-0.52ng/mL. The applied method allowed a simultaneous determination of phenolics (i.e. free, esters soluble in methanol, glycosides, and esters insoluble in methanol) in less than 5min (including alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of raw extracts) from sea algae extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bořivoj Klejdus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemĕdĕlská 1/1665, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia
| | - Merichel Plaza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marie Šnóblová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemĕdĕlská 1/1665, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia
| | - Lea Lojková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemĕdĕlská 1/1665, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia
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27
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Ferreira VS, Pinto RF, Sant'Anna C. Low light intensity and nitrogen starvation modulate the chlorophyll content of Scenedesmus dimorphus. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:661-70. [PMID: 26598940 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment found in plants and algal organisms and is a bioproduct with human health benefits and a great potential for use in the food industry. The chlorophyll content in microalgae strains varies in response to environmental factors. In this work, we assessed the effect of nitrogen depletion and low light intensity on the chlorophyll content of the Scenedesmus dimorphus microalga. METHODS AND RESULTS The growth of S. dimorphus under low light intensity led to a reduction in cell growth and volume as well as increased cellular chlorophyll content. Nitrogen starvation led to a reduction in cell growth and the chlorophyll content, changes in the yield and productivity of chlorophylls a and b. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the ultrastructural changes in the S. dimorphus exposed to nitrogen and light deficiency. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to nitrogen depletion, low light availability was an effective mean for increasing the total chlorophyll content of green microalga S. dimorphus. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The findings acquired in this work are of great biotechnological importance to extend knowledge of choosing the right culture condition to stimulate the effectiveness of microalgae strains for chlorophyll production purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia - Labio, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada às Ciências da Vida - Dimav, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - Inmetro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Unigrario, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biomedicina Translacional, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - R F Pinto
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia - Labio, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada às Ciências da Vida - Dimav, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - Inmetro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Toxicologia de Cianobactérias, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia - Labio, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada às Ciências da Vida - Dimav, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - Inmetro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Unigrario, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biomedicina Translacional, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
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28
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Navarro F, Forján E, Vázquez M, Montero Z, Bermejo E, Castaño MÁ, Toimil A, Chagüaceda E, García-Sevillano MÁ, Sánchez M, Domínguez MJ, Pásaro R, Garbayo I, Vílchez C, Vega JM. Microalgae as a safe food source for animals: nutritional characteristics of the acidophilic microalga Coccomyxa onubensis. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:30472. [PMID: 27756449 PMCID: PMC5069342 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.30472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible microalgae are marine or fresh water mesophilic species. Although the harvesting of microalgae offers an abundance of opportunities to the food and pharmaceutical industries, the possibility to use extremophilic microalgae as a food source for animals is not well-documented. OBJECTIVE We studied the effects of dietary supplementation of a powdered form of the acidophilic microalga Coccomyxa onubensis on growth and health parameters of laboratory rats. METHOD Four randomly organized groups of rats (n=6) were fed a standard diet (Diet 1, control) or with a diet in which 0.4% (Diet 2), 1.25% (Diet 3), or 6.25% (Diet 4) (w/w) of the standard diet weight was substituted with dried microalgae powder, respectively. The four groups of animals were provided ad libitum access to feed for 45 days. RESULTS C. onubensis biomass is rich in protein (44.60% of dry weight) and dietary fiber (15.73%), and has a moderate carbohydrate content (24.8%) and a low lipid content (5.4%) in which polyunsaturated fatty acids represent 65% of the total fatty acid. Nucleic acids are present at 4.8%. No significant difference was found in growth rates or feed efficiency ratios of the four groups of rats. Histological studies of liver and kidney tissue revealed healthy organs in control and C. onubensis-fed animals, while plasma hematological and biochemical parameters were within healthy ranges for all animals. Furthermore, animals fed a microalgae-enriched diet exhibited a statistically significant decrease in both blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The blood triglyceride content and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels decreased by about 50% in rats fed Diet 4. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that C. onubensis may be useful as a food supplement for laboratory animals and may also serve as a nutraceutical in functional foods. In addition, microalgae powder-supplemented diets exerted a significant hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effect in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Navarro
- Department of Environmental Biology and Public Health, Cell Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - Eduardo Forján
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - María Vázquez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - Zaida Montero
- Department of Environmental Biology and Public Health, Cell Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Bermejo
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Toimil
- Department of Environmental Biology and Public Health, Cell Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel García-Sevillano
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - María José Domínguez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - Rosario Pásaro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Inés Garbayo
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - Carlos Vílchez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain;
| | - José María Vega
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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29
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Carotenoid and lipid production by the autotrophic microalga Chlorella protothecoides under nutritional, salinity, and luminosity stress conditions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:1383-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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