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Abbott DA, Mancini MG, Bolt MJ, Szafran AT, Neugebauer KA, Stossi F, Gorelick DA, Mancini MA. A novel ERβ high throughput microscopy platform for testing endocrine disrupting chemicals. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23119. [PMID: 38169792 PMCID: PMC10758781 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study we present an inducible biosensor model for the Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ), GFP-ERβ:PRL-HeLa, a single-cell-based high throughput (HT) in vitro assay that allows direct visualization and measurement of GFP-tagged ERβ binding to ER-specific DNA response elements (EREs), ERβ-induced chromatin remodeling, and monitor transcriptional alterations via mRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization for a prolactin (PRL)-dsRED2 reporter gene. The model was used to accurately (Z' = 0.58-0.8) differentiate ERβ-selective ligands from ERα ligands when treated with a panel of selective agonists and antagonists. Next, we tested an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-provided set of 45 estrogenic reference chemicals with known ERα in vivo activity and identified several that activated ERβ as well, with varying sensitivity, including a subset that is completely novel. We then used an orthogonal ERE-containing transgenic zebrafish (ZF) model to cross validate ERβ and ERα selective activities at the organism level. Using this environmentally relevant ZF assay, some compounds were confirmed to have ERβ activity, validating the GFP-ERβ:PRL-HeLa assay as a screening tool for potential ERβ active endocrine disruptors (EDCs). These data demonstrate the value of sensitive multiplex mechanistic data gathered by the GFP-ERβ:PRL-HeLa assay coupled with an orthogonal zebrafish model to rapidly identify environmentally relevant ERβ EDCs and improve upon currently available screening tools for this understudied nuclear receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A. Abbott
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maureen G. Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J. Bolt
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adam T. Szafran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kaley A. Neugebauer
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel A. Gorelick
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A. Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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2
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Li Z, Li T, Yates ME, Wu Y, Ferber A, Chen L, Brown DD, Carroll JS, Sikora MJ, Tseng GC, Oesterreich S, Lee AV. The EstroGene Database Reveals Diverse Temporal, Context-Dependent, and Bidirectional Estrogen Receptor Regulomes in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2656-2674. [PMID: 37272757 PMCID: PMC10527051 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most successful cancer therapeutic targets, estrogen receptor-α (ER/ESR1) has been extensively studied over the past few decades. Sequencing technological advances have enabled genome-wide analysis of ER action. However, comparison of individual studies is limited by different experimental designs, and few meta-analyses are available. Here, we established the EstroGene database through unified processing of data from 246 experiments including 136 transcriptomic, cistromic, and epigenetic datasets focusing on estradiol (E2)-triggered ER activation across 19 breast cancer cell lines. A user-friendly browser (https://estrogene.org/) was generated for multiomic data visualization involving gene inquiry under user-defined experimental conditions and statistical thresholds. Notably, annotation of metadata associated with public datasets revealed a considerable lack of experimental details. Comparison of independent RNA-seq or ER ChIP-seq data with the same design showed large variability and only strong effects could be consistently detected. Temporal estrogen response metasignatures were defined, and the association of E2 response rate with temporal transcriptional factors, chromatin accessibility, and heterogeneity of ER expression was evaluated. Unexpectedly, harmonizing 146 E2-induced transcriptomic datasets uncovered a subset of genes harboring bidirectional E2 regulation, which was linked to unique transcriptional factors and highly associated with immune surveillance in the clinical setting. Furthermore, the context dependent E2 response programs were characterized in MCF7 and T47D cell lines, the two most frequently used models in the EstroGene database. Collectively, the EstroGene database provides an informative and practical resource to the cancer research community to uniformly evaluate key reproducible features of ER regulomes and unravels modes of ER signaling. SIGNIFICANCE A resource database integrating 246 publicly available ER profiling datasets facilitates meta-analyses and identifies estrogen response temporal signatures, a bidirectional program, and model-specific biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Tianqin Li
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Megan E. Yates
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Amanda Ferber
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Lyuqin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Daniel D. Brown
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason S. Carroll
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J. Sikora
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - George C. Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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3
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Kaytor MD, Serebrenik AA, Lapanowski K, McFall D, Jones M, Movsas B, Simone CB, Brown SL. The radioprotectant nano-genistein enhances radiotherapy efficacy of lung tumors in mice. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:999-1010. [PMID: 37323169 PMCID: PMC10261856 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be dose-limiting due to treatment-related toxicities. Genistein has been shown to be a robust radioprotective agent in preclinical models. A novel genistein oral nanosuspension formulation (nano-genistein) has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating radiation-induced lung damage in preclinical animal models. However, while those studies have confirmed that nano-genistein can protect normal lung tissue from radiation-induced toxicities, no studies have assessed the effect of nano-genistein on lung tumors. Here, we evaluated the impact of nano-genistein on the efficacy of radiation treatment of lung tumors in a mouse xenograft model. Methods Two separate studies were conducted utilizing human A549 cells implanted either dorsally within the upper torso or in the flank. Daily oral administration of nano-genistein (200 or 400 mg/kg/day) occurred prior to and after exposure to a single dose of thoracic or abdominal 12.5 Gy radiation. Tumor growth was monitored twice weekly, nano-genistein treatment continued for up to 20 weeks and histopathology of tissues was completed post euthanasia. Results Continuous nano-genistein dosing was safe across all study groups in both studies. Animals receiving nano-genistein better maintained body weight following irradiation compared to corresponding vehicle treated animals. Animals that received nano-genistein also had reduced tumor growth and improved normal lung histopathology compared to those receiving vehicle suggesting that nano-genistein does not protect tumors from radiotherapy but is radioprotective of the lungs. There were no treatment-related histopathological findings noted in the skin adjacent to the tumor, esophagus, or uterus. Conclusions These results, including the safety following extended dosing, support the continued evaluation of nano-genistein as an adjunctive treatment for patients with NSCLC undergoing radiotherapy and serve as the basis of a phase 1b/2a multicenter clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Lapanowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Debra McFall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Jones
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin Movsas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Charles B. Simone
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen L. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
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4
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Estrogenic flavonoids and their molecular mechanisms of action. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109250. [PMID: 36509337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a major group of phytoestrogens associated with physiological effects, and ecological and social impacts. Although the estrogenic activity of flavonoids was reported by researchers in the fields of medical, environmental and food studies, their molecular mechanisms of action have not been comprehensively reviewed. The estrogenic activity of the respective classes of flavonoids, anthocyanidins/anthocyanins, 2-arylbenzofurans/3-arylcoumarins/α-methyldeoxybenzoins, aurones/chalcones/dihydrochalcones, coumaronochromones, coumestans, flavans/flavan-3-ols/flavan-4-ols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols, flavones/flavonols, homoisoflavonoids, isoflavans, isoflavanones, isoflavenes, isoflavones, neoflavonoids, oligoflavonoids, pterocarpans/pterocarpenes, and rotenone/rotenoids, was summarized through a comprehensive literature search, and their structure-activity relationship, biological activities, signaling pathways, and applications were discussed. Although the respective classes of flavonoids contained at least one chemical mimicking estrogen, the mechanisms varied, such as those with estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, non-estrogenic, and biphasic activities, and additional activities through crosstalk/bypassing, which exert biological activities through cell signaling pathways. Such mechanistic variations of estrogen action are not limited to flavonoids and are observed among other broad categories of chemicals, thus this group of chemicals can be termed as the "estrogenome". This review article focuses on the connection of estrogen action mainly between the outer and the inner environments, which represent variations of chemicals and biological activities/signaling pathways, respectively, and form the basis to understand their applications. The applications of chemicals will markedly progress due to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence for precision medicine, which is also true of the study of the estrogenome including estrogenic flavonoids.
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5
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Li Z, Li T, Yates ME, Wu Y, Ferber A, Chen L, Brown DD, Carroll JS, Sikora MJ, Tseng GC, Oesterreich S, Lee AV. EstroGene database reveals diverse temporal, context-dependent and directional estrogen receptor regulomes in breast cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526388. [PMID: 36778377 PMCID: PMC9915613 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most successful cancer therapeutic targets, estrogen receptor-α (ER/ESR1) has been extensively studied in decade-long. Sequencing technological advances have enabled genome-wide analysis of ER action. However, reproducibility is limited by different experimental design. Here, we established the EstroGene database through centralizing 246 experiments from 136 transcriptomic, cistromic and epigenetic datasets focusing on estradiol-treated ER activation across 19 breast cancer cell lines. We generated a user-friendly browser ( https://estrogene.org/ ) for data visualization and gene inquiry under user-defined experimental conditions and statistical thresholds. Notably, documentation-based meta-analysis revealed a considerable lack of experimental details. Comparison of independent RNA-seq or ER ChIP-seq data with the same design showed large variability and only strong effects could be consistently detected. We defined temporal estrogen response metasignatures and showed the association with specific transcriptional factors, chromatin accessibility and ER heterogeneity. Unexpectedly, harmonizing 146 transcriptomic analyses uncovered a subset of E2-bidirectionally regulated genes, which linked to immune surveillance in the clinical setting. Furthermore, we defined context dependent E2 response programs in MCF7 and T47D cell lines, the two most frequently used models in the field. Collectively, the EstroGene database provides an informative resource to the cancer research community and reveals a diverse mode of ER signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Tianqin Li
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Megan E. Yates
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Amanda Ferber
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Lyuqin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Daniel D. Brown
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason S. Carroll
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J. Sikora
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - George C. Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee Women’s Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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6
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PIM1 promotes hepatic conversion by suppressing reprogramming-induced ferroptosis and cell cycle arrest. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5237. [PMID: 36068222 PMCID: PMC9448736 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32976-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation plays a critical role in many biological processes. However, the identification of key regulatory kinases is still a great challenge. Here, we develop a trans-omics-based method, central kinase inference, to predict potentially key kinases by integrating quantitative transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic data. Using known kinases associated with anti-cancer drug resistance, the accuracy of our method denoted by the area under the curve is 5.2% to 29.5% higher than Kinase-Substrate Enrichment Analysis. We further use this method to analyze trans-omic data in hepatocyte maturation and hepatic reprogramming of human dermal fibroblasts, uncovering 5 kinases as regulators in the two processes. Further experiments reveal that a serine/threonine kinase, PIM1, promotes hepatic conversion and protects human dermal fibroblasts from reprogramming-induced ferroptosis and cell cycle arrest. This study not only reveals new regulatory kinases, but also provides a helpful method that might be extended to predict central kinases involved in other biological processes. Protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation plays a critical role in many biological processes. Here the authors develop a trans-omics-based algorithm called Central Kinase Inference to integrate quantitative transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic data, finding that PIM1 promotes hepatic conversion by suppressing reprogramming-induced ferroptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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7
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Joyce KM, Wong CP, Scriven IA, Olson DA, Doerge DR, Branscum AJ, Sattgast LH, Helferich WG, Turner RT, Iwaniec UT. Isoliquiritigenin Decreases Bone Resorption and Osteoclast Differentiation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100974. [PMID: 35319818 PMCID: PMC10906349 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE A dose-ranging study is performed using young estrogen-depleted rats to determine whether dietary isoliquiritigenin (ILQ) alters bone metabolism and if the effects are associated with estrogen receptor signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS Six-week-old rats (ovariectomized at 4 weeks of age) are fed diets containing 0, 100, 250, or 750 ppm ILQ (n = 5/treatment) for 7 days. Gene expression in femur and uterus, blood markers of bone turnover, body composition, and uterine weight and epithelial cell height are determined. Because ILQ lowers bone resorption, the effect of ILQ on in vitro differentiation of osteoclasts from bone marrow of mice is assessed. Treatment resulted in a dose-dependent increases in serum ILQ but no changes in serum osteocalcin, a marker of global bone formation. Contrastingly, ILQ administration results in reduced serum CTX-1, a marker of global bone resorption, and reduces tartrate resistant acid phosphatase expression in osteoclast culture. ILQ treatment and endogenous estrogen production had limited overlap on gene expression in femur and uterus. However, uterine epithelial cell hyperplasia is observed in two of five animals treated with 750 ppm. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, dietary ILQ reduces bone resorption in vivo and osteoclast differentiation in vitro, by mechanisms likely differing from actions of ovarian hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Joyce
- Botanical Research Center, Department of Food Science and, Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Carmen P Wong
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Ian A Scriven
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Dawn A Olson
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Daniel R Doerge
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Adam J Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Lara H Sattgast
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - William G Helferich
- Botanical Research Center, Department of Food Science and, Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Russell T Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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Chauvin S, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Guigon CJ. Estradiol Signaling at the Heart of Folliculogenesis: Its Potential Deregulation in Human Ovarian Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010512. [PMID: 35008938 PMCID: PMC8745567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a major hormone controlling women fertility, in particular folliculogenesis. This steroid, which is locally produced by granulosa cells (GC) within ovarian follicles, controls the development and selection of dominant preovulatory follicles. E2 effects rely on a complex set of nuclear and extra-nuclear signal transduction pathways principally triggered by its nuclear receptors, ERα and ERβ. These transcription factors are differentially expressed within follicles, with ERβ being the predominant ER in GC. Several ERβ splice isoforms have been identified and display specific structural features, which greatly complicates the nature of ERβ-mediated E2 signaling. This review aims at providing a concise overview of the main actions of E2 during follicular growth, maturation, and selection in human. It also describes the current understanding of the various roles of ERβ splice isoforms, especially their influence on cell fate. We finally discuss how E2 signaling deregulation could participate in two ovarian pathogeneses characterized by either a follicular arrest, as in polycystic ovary syndrome, or an excess of GC survival and proliferation, leading to granulosa cell tumors. This review emphasizes the need for further research to better understand the molecular basis of E2 signaling throughout folliculogenesis and to improve the efficiency of ovarian-related disease therapies.
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9
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Song D, He H, Indukuri R, Huang Z, Stepanauskaite L, Sinha I, Haldosén LA, Zhao C, Williams C. ERα and ERβ Homodimers in the Same Cellular Context Regulate Distinct Transcriptomes and Functions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:930227. [PMID: 35872983 PMCID: PMC9299245 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.930227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The two estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ are nuclear receptors that bind estrogen (E2) and function as ligand-inducible transcription factors. They are homologues and can form dimers with each other and bind to the same estrogen-response element motifs in the DNA. ERα drives breast cancer growth whereas ERβ has been reported to be anti-proliferative. However, they are rarely expressed in the same cells, and it is not fully investigated to which extent their functions are different because of inherent differences or because of different cellular context. To dissect their similarities and differences, we here generated a novel estrogen-dependent cell model where ERα homodimers can be directly compared to ERβ homodimers within the identical cellular context. By using CRISPR-cas9 to delete ERα in breast cancer MCF7 cells with Tet-Off-inducible ERβ expression, we generated MCF7 cells that express ERβ but not ERα. MCF7 (ERβ only) cells exhibited regulation of estrogen-responsive targets in a ligand-dependent manner. We demonstrated that either ER was required for MCF7 proliferation, but while E2 increased proliferation via ERα, it reduced proliferation through a G2/M arrest via ERβ. The two ERs also impacted migration differently. In absence of ligand, ERβ increased migration, but upon E2 treatment, ERβ reduced migration. E2 via ERα, on the other hand, had no significant impact on migration. RNA sequencing revealed that E2 regulated a transcriptome of around 800 genes via each receptor, but over half were specific for either ERα or ERβ (417 and 503 genes, respectively). Functional gene ontology enrichment analysis reinforced that E2 regulated cell proliferation in opposite directions depending on the ER, and that ERβ specifically impacted extracellular matrix organization. We corroborated that ERβ bound to cis-regulatory chromatin of its unique proposed migration-related direct targets ANXA9 and TFAP2C. In conclusion, we demonstrate that within the same cellular context, the two ERs regulate cell proliferation in the opposite manner, impact migration differently, and each receptor also regulates a distinct set of target genes in response to E2. The developed cell model provides a novel and valuable resource to further complement the mechanistic understanding of the two different ER isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Song
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Huan He
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rajitha Indukuri
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lina Stepanauskaite
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars-Arne Haldosén
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Williams
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Cecilia Williams,
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10
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Andresen M, Sletten M, Sandset PM, Iversen N, Stavik B, Tinholt M. Coagulation factor 5 (F5) is an estrogen-responsive gene in breast cancer cells. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:1288-1295. [PMID: 34826880 DOI: 10.1055/a-1707-2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most breast cancers express estrogen receptor (ER) where estrogen signaling plays an important role. Cancer contributes to activation of the coagulation system leading to an imbalance in the hemostatic system, and Coagulation factor (F) V, which is a key regulator of blood coagulation, has been shown to be increased in breast tumors. Thus, the molecular association between estrogens and FV was explored. Stimulation with 17-β-estradiol (E2) or 17-β-ethinylestradiol (EE2) resulted in a time- and dose-dependent increase in F5 mRNA and FV protein in ERα positive MCF-7 cells. Pre-treatment with the ER antagonist fulvestrant or knockdown of ERα prior to stimulation with E2 counteracted this effect. Three ERα binding half-sites were identified in the promoter region of the F5 gene in silico. Reporter gene analysis showed that all three half-sites were involved in the estrogen-induced gene regulation in vitro, as the effect was abolished only when all half-sites were mutated. High F5 levels in ER positive breast tumors were associated with increased relapse-free survival of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Andresen
- Department of Haematology and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Nina Iversen
- medical genetics, Oslo university hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Tinholt
- Department of Genetics, Oslo universitetssykehus Ulleval, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Haematology, Oslo University Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Liu G, Sun N, Che H, He T. Apigenin Inhibits the Histamine-Induced Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Downregulating ERα/ERβ Expression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682917. [PMID: 34568014 PMCID: PMC8456091 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apigenin (APG), a natural flavonoid, can affect the development of a variety of tumors, but its role in ovarian cancer remains unclear. There has been an increasing amount of evidence supporting the vital role played by mast cells and the bioactive mediators they release, as components of the tumor microenvironment, in the progression of ovarian cancer (OC); however, the mechanism warrants further exploration. Methods and Results In this study, a combination of transcriptomics analysis and application of TCGA database was performed, and we found that the expression of genes related to mast cell degranulation in ovarian cancer tissues changed remarkably. We then explored whether histamine, a major constituent of mast cell degranulation, could affect the development of ovarian cancer through immunohistochemistry analysis and cell proliferation assays. The results showed that a certain concentration of histamine promoted the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by upregulating the expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα)/estrogen receptor β (ERβ). Additionally, we found that the inhibition of ERα or the activation of ERβ could inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells induced by histamine through real-time PCR and western blot assays. Finally, we demonstrated the attenuation effect imparted by apigenin in histamine-mediated ovarian cancer via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Our research revealed that apigenin decelerated ovarian cancer development by downregulating ER-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR expression, thus providing evidence of its applicability as a potentially effective therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guirong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Huilian Che
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Cereal Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao He
- Zhongguancun International Medical Inspection and Certification Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
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12
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Chen C, Hou J, Shi X, Yang H, Birchler JA, Cheng J. GNET2: an R package for constructing gene regulatory networks from transcriptomic data. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:2068-2069. [PMID: 33270838 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The Gene Network Estimation Tool (GNET) is designed to build gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from transcriptomic gene expression data with a probabilistic graphical model. The data preprocessing, model construction and visualization modules of the original GNET software were developed on different programming platforms, which were inconvenient for users to deploy and use. RESULTS Here, we present GNET2, an improved implementation of GNET as an integrated R package. GNET2 provides more flexibility for parameter initialization and regulatory module construction based on the core iterative modeling process of the original algorithm. The data exchange interface of GNET2 is handled within an R session automatically. Given the growing demand for regulatory network reconstruction from transcriptomic data, GNET2 offers a convenient option for GRN inference on large datasets. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The source code of GNET2 is available at https://github.com/jianlin-cheng/GNET2. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Computer Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Xiaowen Shi
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Hua Yang
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - James A Birchler
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jianlin Cheng
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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13
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Harrill JA, Everett LJ, Haggard DE, Sheffield T, Bundy JL, Willis CM, Thomas RS, Shah I, Judson RS. High-Throughput Transcriptomics Platform for Screening Environmental Chemicals. Toxicol Sci 2021; 181:68-89. [PMID: 33538836 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
New approach methodologies (NAMs) that efficiently provide information about chemical hazard without using whole animals are needed to accelerate the pace of chemical risk assessments. Technological advancements in gene expression assays have made in vitro high-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) a feasible option for NAMs-based hazard characterization of environmental chemicals. In this study, we evaluated the Templated Oligo with Sequencing Readout (TempO-Seq) assay for HTTr concentration-response screening of a small set of chemicals in the human-derived MCF7 cell model. Our experimental design included a variety of reference samples and reference chemical treatments in order to objectively evaluate TempO-Seq assay performance. To facilitate analysis of these data, we developed a robust and scalable bioinformatics pipeline using open-source tools. We also developed a novel gene expression signature-based concentration-response modeling approach and compared the results to a previously implemented workflow for concentration-response analysis of transcriptomics data using BMDExpress. Analysis of reference samples and reference chemical treatments demonstrated highly reproducible differential gene expression signatures. In addition, we found that aggregating signals from individual genes into gene signatures prior to concentration-response modeling yielded in vitro transcriptional biological pathway altering concentrations (BPACs) that were closely aligned with previous ToxCast high-throughput screening assays. Often these identified signatures were associated with the known molecular target of the chemicals in our test set as the most sensitive components of the overall transcriptional response. This work has resulted in a novel and scalable in vitro HTTr workflow that is suitable for high-throughput hazard evaluation of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Harrill
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Logan J Everett
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Derik E Haggard
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Thomas Sheffield
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joseph L Bundy
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Clinton M Willis
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.,Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Russell S Thomas
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Imran Shah
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Richard S Judson
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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14
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A Tale of Ice and Fire: The Dual Role for 17β-Estradiol in Balancing DNA Damage and Genome Integrity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071583. [PMID: 33808099 PMCID: PMC8036963 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Paradoxically, although the steroid hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) regulates many aspects of male and female physiology, it is described in the chemical indexes as a carcinogen. By the analysis of the literature, we unveil here a novel concept for which E2 possesses a dual nature for which it is both a toxic and a homeostatic regulator controlling DNA stability. Therefore, cancer could arise as a consequence of the deregulation of this delicate equilibrium between cellular pathways. Abstract 17β-estradiol (E2) regulates human physiology both in females and in males. At the same time, E2 acts as a genotoxic substance as it could induce DNA damages, causing the initiation of cellular transformation. Indeed, increased E2 plasma levels are a risk factor for the development of several types of cancers including breast cancer. This paradoxical identity of E2 undermines the foundations of the physiological definition of “hormone” as E2 works both as a homeostatic regulator of body functions and as a genotoxic compound. Here, (i) the molecular circuitries underlying this double face of E2 are reviewed, and (ii) a possible framework to reconcile the intrinsic discrepancies of the E2 function is reported. Indeed, E2 is a regulator of the DNA damage response, which this hormone exploits to calibrate its genotoxicity with its physiological effects. Accordingly, the genes required to maintain genome integrity belong to the E2-controlled cellular signaling network and are essential for the appearance of the E2-induced cellular effects. This concept requires an “upgrade” to the vision of E2 as a “genotoxic hormone”, which balances physiological and detrimental pathways to guarantee human body homeostasis. Deregulation of this equilibrium between cellular pathways would determine the E2 pathological effects.
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15
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16
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Andrade FDO, Liu F, Zhang X, Rosim MP, Dani C, Cruz I, Wang TTY, Helferich W, Li RW, Hilakivi-Clarke L. Genistein Reduces the Risk of Local Mammary Cancer Recurrence and Ameliorates Alterations in the Gut Microbiota in the Offspring of Obese Dams. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010201. [PMID: 33440675 PMCID: PMC7827465 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of recurrence of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer remains constant, even 20 years after diagnosis. Recurrence may be more likely in patients pre-programmed for it already in the womb, such as in the daughters born to obese mothers. Maternal obesity persistently alters offspring’s gut microbiota and impairs tumor immune responses. To investigate if the gut dysbiosis is linked to increased risk of mammary cancer recurrence in the offspring of obese rat dams, we fed adult offspring genistein which is known to have beneficial effects on the gut bacteria. However, the effects of genistein on breast cancer remain controversial. We found that genistein intake after tamoxifen response prevented the increased risk of local recurrence in the offspring of obese dams but had no effect on the control offspring. A significant increase in the abundance of inflammatory Prevotellaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, and a reduction in short-chain fatty acid producing Clostridiaceae was observed in the offspring of obese dams. Genistein supplementation reversed these changes as well as reversed increased gut metabolite N-acetylvaline levels which are linked to increased all-cause mortality. Genistein supplementation also reduced genotoxic tyramine levels, increased metabolites improving pro-resolving phase of inflammation, and reversed the elevated tumor mRNA expression of multiple immunosuppressive genes in the offspring of obese dams. If translatable to breast cancer patients, attempts to prevent breast cancer recurrences might need to focus on dietary modifications which beneficially modify the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabia de Oliveira Andrade
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (F.d.O.A.); (X.Z.); (M.P.R.); (C.D.); (I.C.)
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266555, China;
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (F.d.O.A.); (X.Z.); (M.P.R.); (C.D.); (I.C.)
| | - Mariana Papaleo Rosim
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (F.d.O.A.); (X.Z.); (M.P.R.); (C.D.); (I.C.)
| | - Caroline Dani
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (F.d.O.A.); (X.Z.); (M.P.R.); (C.D.); (I.C.)
| | - Idalia Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (F.d.O.A.); (X.Z.); (M.P.R.); (C.D.); (I.C.)
| | - Thomas T. Y. Wang
- United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Human Nutrition Center, Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;
| | - William Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 1801, USA;
| | - Robert W. Li
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;
| | - Leena Hilakivi-Clarke
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (F.d.O.A.); (X.Z.); (M.P.R.); (C.D.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Bayele HK. Sirtuins transduce STACs signals through steroid hormone receptors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5338. [PMID: 32210296 PMCID: PMC7093472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 protects against several complex metabolic and ageing-related diseases (MARDs), and is therefore considered a polypill target to improve healthy ageing. Although dietary sirtuin-activating compounds (dSTACs) including resveratrol are promising drug candidates, their clinical application has been frustrated by an imprecise understanding of how their signals are transduced into increased healthspan. Recent work indicates that SIRT1 and orthologous sirtuins coactivate the oestrogen receptor/ER and the worm steroid receptor DAF-12. Here they are further shown to ligand-independently transduce dSTACs signals through these receptors. While some dSTACs elicit ER subtype-selectivity in the presence of hormone, most synergize with 17β-oestradiol and dafachronic acid respectively to increase ER and DAF-12 coactivation by the sirtuins. These data suggest that dSTACs functionally mimic gonadal steroid hormones, enabling sirtuins to transduce the cognate signals through a conserved endocrine pathway. Interestingly, resveratrol non-monotonically modulates sirtuin signalling, suggesting that it may induce hormesis, i.e. “less is more”. Together, the findings suggest that dSTACs may be informational molecules that use exploitative mimicry to modulate sirtuin signalling through steroid receptors. Hence dSTACs’ intrinsic oestrogenicity may underlie their proven ability to impart the health benefits of oestradiol, and also provides a mechanistic insight into how they extend healthspan or protect against MARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry K Bayele
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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18
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Kim KU, Lee SJ, Lee I. Development of an Improved Menopausal Symptom-Alleviating Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza uralensis) by Biotransformation Using Monascus albidulus. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:178-186. [PMID: 31752065 PMCID: PMC9728325 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1909.09037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) contains several compounds that have been reported to alleviate menopausal symptoms via interacting with estrogen receptors (ERs). The compounds exist mainly in the form of glycosides, which exhibit low bioavailability and function. To bioconvert liquiritin and isoliquiritin, the major estrogenic compounds, to the corresponding deglycosylated liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin, respectively, licorice was fermented with Monascus, which has been demonstrated to deglycosylate other substances. The contents of liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin in Monascus-fermented licorice increased by 10.46-fold (from 38.03 µM to 379.75 µM) and 12.50-fold (from 5.53 µM to 69.14 µM), respectively, compared with their contents in non-fermented licorice. Monascus-fermented licorice exhibited 82.5% of the ERβ binding activity of that observed in the positive control (17 β-estradiol), whereas the non-fermented licorice exhibited 54.1% of the binding activity in an in vivo ER binding assay. The increase in the ERβ binding activity was associated with increases in liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin contents. Liquiritigenin acts as a selective ligand for ERβ, which alleviates menopausal symptoms with fewer side effects, such as heart disease and hypertension, compared with a ligand for ERα. In addition, Monascus-fermented licorice contained 731 mg/kg of monacolin K, one of the metabolites produced by Monascus that reduces serum cholesterol. Therefore, Monascus-fermented licorice is a promising material for the prevention and treatment of menopausal syndrome with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Uk Kim
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK2 PLUS Project, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Food R&D Center, SK Bioland Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhyung Lee
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK2 PLUS Project, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-910-4771 Fax: +82-2-910-5739 E-mail:
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19
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Pinto PIS, Andrade AR, Moreira C, Zapater C, Thorne MAS, Santos S, Estêvão MD, Gomez A, Canario AVM, Power DM. Genistein and estradiol have common and specific impacts on the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) skin-scale barrier. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 195:105448. [PMID: 31421232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Teleost fish scales play important roles in animal protection and homeostasis. They can be targeted by endogenous estrogens and by environmental estrogenic endocrine disruptors. The phytoestrogen genistein is ubiquitous in the environment and in aquaculture feeds and is a disruptor of estrogenic processes in vertebrates. To test genistein disrupting actions in teleost fish we used a minimally invasive approach by analysing scales plucked from the skin of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Genistein transactivated all three fish nuclear estrogen receptors and was most potent with the Esr2, had the highest efficacy with Esr1, but reached, in all cases, transactivation levels lower than those of estradiol. RNA-seq revealed 254 responsive genes in the sea bass scales transcriptome with an FDR < 0.05 and more than 2-fold change in expression, 1 or 5 days after acute exposure to estradiol or to genistein. 65 genes were specifically responsive to estradiol and 106 by genistein while 83 genes were responsive to both compounds. Estradiol specifically regulated genes of protein/matrix turnover and genistein affected sterol biosynthesis and regeneration, while innate immune responses were affected by both compounds. This comprehensive study revealed the impact on the fish scale transcriptome of estradiol and genistein, providing a solid background to further develop fish scales as a practical screening tool for endocrine disrupting chemicals in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia I S Pinto
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - André R Andrade
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Moreira
- Normandy University, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Cinta Zapater
- IATS - Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Michael A S Thorne
- British Antarctic Survey (BAS), High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK.
| | - Soraia Santos
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - M Dulce Estêvão
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 1, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Gomez
- IATS - Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Adelino V M Canario
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Deborah M Power
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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20
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Weis KE, Raetzman LT. Genistein inhibits proliferation and induces senescence in neonatal mouse pituitary gland explant cultures. Toxicology 2019; 427:152306. [PMID: 31593742 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genistein is an isoflavone abundant in soybean and infants are exposed to high levels of genistein in soy-based formula. It is known that genistein mediates estrogen receptor (ER) signaling, and exposure during neonatal development could cause acute and long term endocrine effects. We assayed genistein's impact on the neonatal mouse pituitary gland because it is an endocrine signaling hub and is sensitive to endocrine disruption during critical periods. Pituitary explant cultures, which actively proliferate and differentiate, were exposed to 0.06 μM-36 μM genistein and assayed for mRNA and protein changes. Genistein induced mRNA expression of the ERα regulated gene, Cckar, to the same magnitude as estradiol (E2) but with less potency. Interestingly, 36 μM genistein strongly inhibited pituitary proliferation, measured by a reduction in mKi67 mRNA and phospho-Histone H3 immunostaining. Examining cell cycle dynamics, we found that 36 μM genistein decreased Ccnb1 (Cyclin B1) mRNA; while mRNA for the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor Cdkn1a (p21) was upregulated, correlated with an apparent increase in p21 immunostained cells. Strikingly, we observed a robust onset of cellular senescence, permanent cell cycle exit, in 36 μM genistein treated pituitaries by increased senescence activated β-galactosidase staining. We also found that 36 μM genistein decreased Bcl2 mRNA levels, a gene protective against apoptosis. Taken together these data suggest that genistein exposure during the neonatal period could initiate senescence and halt proliferation during a time when the proper numbers of endocrine cells are being established for mature gland function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Weis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 524 Burrill Hall, 407 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Lori T Raetzman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 524 Burrill Hall, 407 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
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21
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Liu R, Yu X, Chen X, Zhong H, Liang C, Xu X, Xu W, Cheng Y, Wang W, Yu L, Wu Y, Yan N, Hu X. Individual factors define the overall effects of dietary genistein exposure on breast cancer patients. Nutr Res 2019; 67:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Landauer MR, Harvey AJ, Kaytor MD, Day RM. Mechanism and therapeutic window of a genistein nanosuspension to protect against hematopoietic-acute radiation syndrome. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2019; 60:308-317. [PMID: 31038675 PMCID: PMC6530628 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
There are no FDA-approved drugs that can be administered prior to ionizing radiation exposure to prevent hematopoietic-acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS). A suspension of synthetic genistein nanoparticles was previously shown to be an effective radioprotectant against H-ARS when administered prior to exposure to a lethal dose of total body radiation. Here we aimed to determine the time to protection and the duration of protection when the genistein nanosuspension was administered by intramuscular injection, and we also investigated the drug's mechanism of action. A single intramuscular injection of the genistein nanosuspension was an effective radioprotectant when given prophylactically 48 h to 12 h before irradiation, with maximum effectiveness occurring when administered 24 h before. No survival advantage was observed in animals administered only a single dose of drug after irradiation. The dose reduction factor of the genistein nanosuspension was determined by comparing the survival of treated and untreated animals following different doses of total body irradiation. As genistein is a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist, we also explored whether this was a central component of its radioprotective mechanism of action. Mice that received an intramuscular injection of an estrogen receptor antagonist (ICI 182,780) prior to administration of the genistein nanosuspension had significantly lower survival following total body irradiation compared with animals only receiving the nanosuspension (P < 0.01). These data define the time to and duration of radioprotection following a single intramuscular injection of the genistein nanosuspension and identify its likely mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Landauer
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Building 42, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adam J Harvey
- Humanetics Corporation, 7650 Edinborough Way, Suite 620, Edina, MN, USA
| | - Michael D Kaytor
- Humanetics Corporation, 7650 Edinborough Way, Suite 620, Edina, MN, USA
| | - Regina M Day
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building C, Roomm 2023, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building C, Room 2023, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Tel: +301-295-3236; fax: +301-295-3220;
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23
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Campolina-Silva GH, Hess RA, Oliveira CA. Seasonal variation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the efferent ductules and epididymis of the Neotropical bat Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:3-10. [PMID: 29427632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis is important for maintenance of male fertility, being influenced by a variety of stimuli including androgens and estrogens. However, studies concerning regulation of these processes along the male reproductive tract under physiological conditions are scarce. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the profile of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the efferent ductules and epididymis of the Neotropical bat Artibeus lituratus, a seasonal breeder that presents natural variation in components of the androgen and estrogen responsive systems along the circannual cycle. Low rates of cell proliferation and apoptosis were found in the efferent ductules and epididymis of A. lituratus during the reproductive period, as few epithelial cells were positive for MCM7 (proliferation marker) and cleaved caspase-3 or TUNEL (apoptosis markers). In contrast, during the regressive period, the rate of both proliferating and apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the epithelium lining the efferent ductules as well as throughout the epididymis. The increased proliferative activity at this phase was positively correlated with the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), whereas the variation in apoptosis appears to be unrelated to the local expression of androgen and estrogen receptors. Together, these data suggest that cell proliferation and apoptosis are differentially modulated in the efferent ductules and epididymis of A. lituratus during the annual reproductive cycle, and support the hypothesis that ERα may be important in preparing the male reproductive tract for sexual recrudescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel H Campolina-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rex A Hess
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001, S. Lincoln, Urbana, IL 61802-6199, USA
| | - Cleida A Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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24
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Gandhi N, Das GM. Metabolic Reprogramming in Breast Cancer and Its Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020089. [PMID: 30691108 PMCID: PMC6406734 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Current standard-of-care (SOC) therapy for breast cancer includes targeted therapies such as endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) positive; anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-enriched; and general chemotherapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. These therapies frequently fail due to acquired or inherent resistance. Altered metabolism has been recognized as one of the major mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance. There are several cues that dictate metabolic reprogramming that also account for the tumors’ metabolic plasticity. For metabolic therapy to be efficacious there is a need to understand the metabolic underpinnings of the different subtypes of breast cancer as well as the role the SOC treatments play in targeting the metabolic phenotype. Understanding the mechanism will allow us to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. There are some very interesting questions being tackled by researchers today as they pertain to altered metabolism in breast cancer. What are the metabolic differences between the different subtypes of breast cancer? Do cancer cells have a metabolic pathway preference based on the site and stage of metastasis? How do the cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic cues dictate the metabolic phenotype? How do the nucleus and mitochondria coordinately regulate metabolism? How does sensitivity or resistance to SOC affect metabolic reprogramming and vice-versa? This review addresses these issues along with the latest updates in the field of breast cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Gandhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Genetics & Pharmacology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Gokul M Das
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Genetics & Pharmacology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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25
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Transcriptomic response of breast cancer cells to anacardic acid. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8063. [PMID: 29795261 PMCID: PMC5966448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid (AnAc), a potential dietary agent for preventing and treating breast cancer, inhibited the proliferation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells. To characterize potential regulators of AnAc action, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated for 6 h with purified AnAc 24:1n5 congener followed by next generation transcriptomic sequencing (RNA-seq) and network analysis. We reported that AnAc-differentially regulated miRNA transcriptomes in each cell line and now identify AnAc-regulated changes in mRNA and lncRNA transcript expression. In MCF-7 cells, 80 AnAc-responsive genes were identified, including lncRNA MIR22HG. More AnAc-responsive genes (886) were identified in MDA-MB-231 cells. Only six genes were commonly altered by AnAc in both cell lines: SCD, INSIG1, and TGM2 were decreased and PDK4, GPR176, and ZBT20 were increased. Modeling of AnAc-induced gene changes suggests that AnAc inhibits monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in both cell lines and increases endoplasmic reticulum stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. Since modeling of downregulated genes implicated NFκB in MCF-7, we confirmed that AnAc inhibited TNFα-induced NFκB reporter activity in MCF-7 cells. These data identify new targets and pathways that may account for AnAc’s anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity.
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Ariyani W, Iwasaki T, Miyazaki W, Yu L, Takeda S, Koibuchi N. A Possible Novel Mechanism of Action of Genistein and Daidzein for Activating Thyroid Hormone Receptor-Mediated Transcription. Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:417-427. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Winda Ariyani
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Iwasaki
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Department of Liberal Arts and Human Development, Kanagawa University of Human Service, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8522, Japan
| | - Wataru Miyazaki
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shigeki Takeda
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Koibuchi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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27
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Therapeutic utility of natural estrogen receptor beta agonists on ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:50002-50014. [PMID: 28654894 PMCID: PMC5564823 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecologic cancers. Despite success with initial chemotherapy, the majority of patients relapse with an incurable disease. Development of chemotherapy resistance is a major factor for poor long-term survival in ovarian cancer. The biological effects of estrogens are mediated by estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). Emerging evidence suggests that ovarian cancer cells express ERβ that functions as a tumor suppressor; however, the clinical utility of ERβ agonists in ovarian cancer remains elusive. We tested the utility of two natural ERβ agonists liquiritigenin (Liq), which is isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and S-equol, which is isolated from soy isoflavone daidzein, for treating ovarian cancer. Both natural ERβ ligands had significant growth inhibition in cell viability and survival assays, reduced migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. Further, ERβ agonists showed tumor suppressive functions in therapy-resistant ovarian cancer model cells and sensitized ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin and paclitaxel treatment. Global RNA-Seq analysis revealed that ERβ agonists modulate several tumor suppressive pathways, including downregulation of the NF-κB pathway. Immunoprecipitation assays revealed that ERβ interacts with p65 subunit of NF-κB and ERβ overexpression reduced the expression of NF-κB target genes. In xenograft assays, ERβ agonists reduced tumor growth and promoted apoptosis. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that natural ERβ agonists have the potential to significantly inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth by anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic actions, and natural ERβ agonists represent novel therapeutic agents for the management of ovarian cancer.
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28
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Hou S, Tan J, Yang B, He L, Zhu Y. Effect of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase on the expression profile of circRNAs in the human thyroid cancer cell line FRO. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7889-7899. [PMID: 29731907 PMCID: PMC5920571 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a common primary tumor in China. Therefore, it is important to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of thyroid cancer in order to achieve effective individualized treatments. In our previous study, a positive correlation between the expression of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (AGPS) and the malignant phenotype of thyroid cancer cell lines was identified. The inactivation of AGPS was able to decrease the malignancy of cancer, and inhibit tumor growth and invasion. However, the function of AGPS on thyroid cancer was unclear. In the present study, it was revealed that AGPS was able to regulate the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs), which may be the mechanism of its anticancer activity. Therefore, the effects of AGPS silencing and knockout on circRNA expression in the thyroid cancer cell line FRO were investigated using circRNAs microarray, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed in order to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of AGPS for the regulation of thyroid cancer through circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Hou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China.,Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Jian Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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29
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Baharlou Houreh M, Ghorbani Kalkhajeh P, Niazi A, Ebrahimi F, Ebrahimie E. SpliceDetector: a software for detection of alternative splicing events in human and model organisms directly from transcript IDs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5063. [PMID: 29567976 PMCID: PMC5864913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, different combinations of exons lead to multiple transcripts with various functions in protein level, in a process called alternative splicing (AS). Unfolding the complexity of functional genomics through genome-wide profiling of AS and determining the altered ultimate products provide new insights for better understanding of many biological processes, disease progress as well as drug development programs to target harmful splicing variants. The current available tools of alternative splicing work with raw data and include heavy computation. In particular, there is a shortcoming in tools to discover AS events directly from transcripts. Here, we developed a Windows-based user-friendly tool for identifying AS events from transcripts without the need to any advanced computer skill or database download. Meanwhile, due to online working mode, our application employs the updated SpliceGraphs without the need to any resource updating. First, SpliceGraph forms based on the frequency of active splice sites in pre-mRNA. Then, the presented approach compares query transcript exons to SpliceGraph exons. The tool provides the possibility of statistical analysis of AS events as well as AS visualization compared to SpliceGraph. The developed application works for transcript sets in human and model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. .,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. .,School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia. .,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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30
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Paterni I, Granchi C, Minutolo F. Risks and benefits related to alimentary exposure to xenoestrogens. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:3384-3404. [PMID: 26744831 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1126547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Xenoestrogens are widely diffused in the environment and in food, thus a large portion of human population worldwide is exposed to them. Among alimentary xenoestrogens, phytoestrogens (PhyEs) are increasingly being consumed because of their potential health benefits, although there are also important risks associated to their ingestion. Furthermore, other xenoestrogens that may be present in food are represented by other chemicals possessing estrogenic activities, that are commonly defined as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs pose a serious health concern since they may cause a wide range of health problems, starting from pre-birth till adult lifelong exposure. We herein provide an overview of the main classes of xenoestrogens, which are classified on the basis of their origin, their structures and their occurrence in the food chain. Furthermore, their either beneficial or toxic effects on human health are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Paterni
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | | | - Filippo Minutolo
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute," Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
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31
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Schreihofer DA, Oppong-Gyebi A. Genistein: mechanisms of action for a pleiotropic neuroprotective agent in stroke. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:375-391. [PMID: 29063799 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1391933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is a plant estrogen promoted as an alternative to post-menopausal hormone therapy because of a good safety profile and its promotion as a natural product. Several preclinical studies of cerebral ischemia and other models of brain injury support a beneficial role for genistein in protecting the brain from injury whether administered chronically or acutely. Like estrogen, genistein is a pleiotropic molecule that engages several different mechanisms to enhance brain health, including reduction of oxidative stress, promotion of growth factor signaling, and immune suppression. These actions occur in endothelial, glial, and neuronal cells to provide a coordinated beneficial action to ischemic challenge. Though many of these protective actions are associated with estrogen-like actions of genistein, additional activities on other receptors and intracellular targets suggest that genistein is more than a mere estrogen-mimic. Importantly, genistein lacks some of the detrimental effects associated with post-menopausal estrogen treatment and may provide an alternative to hormone therapy in those patients at risk for ischemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A Schreihofer
- a Center for Neuroscience Discovery and Institute for Healthy Aging , University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth , 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth , TX 76107 , USA
| | - Anthony Oppong-Gyebi
- a Center for Neuroscience Discovery and Institute for Healthy Aging , University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth , 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth , TX 76107 , USA
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32
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Lambert MNT, Thorup AC, Hansen ESS, Jeppesen PB. Combined Red Clover isoflavones and probiotics potently reduce menopausal vasomotor symptoms. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176590. [PMID: 28591133 PMCID: PMC5462345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Natural estrogen decline leads to vasomotor symptoms (VMS). Hormone therapy alleviates symptoms but increases cancer risk. Effective treatments against VMS with minimal cancer risks are needed. We investigate the effects of a highly bioavailable aglycone rich Red Clover isoflavone treatment to alleviate existing menopausal VMS, assessed for the first time by 24hour ambulatory skin conductance (SC) Methods and results We conducted a parallel, double blind, randomised control trial of 62 peri-menopausal women aged 40–65, reporting ≥ 5 hot flushes/day and follicle stimulating hormone ≥35 IU/L. Participants received either twice daily treatment with bioavailable RC extract (RCE), providing 34 mg/d isoflavones and probiotics, or masked placebo formulation for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was change in daily hot flush frequency (HFF) from baseline to 12 weeks using 24hr SC. Secondary outcomes were change in SC determined hot flush intensity (HFI), self-reported HFF (rHFF) and hot flush severity (rHFS), blood pressure and plasma lipids. A significant decrease in 24hr HFF (P < 0.01) and HFI (P<0.05) was found when comparing change from baseline to 12 months of the RCE (-4.3 HF/24hr, CI -6.8 to -2.3; -12956 μS s-1, CI -20175 to -5737) with placebo (0.79 HF/24hr, CI -1.56 to 3.15; 515 μS s-1, CI -5465 to 6496). rHFF was also significantly reduced (P <0.05)in the RCE (-2.97 HFs/d, CI -4.77 to -1.17) group compared to placebo (0.036 HFs/d, CI -2.42 to 2.49). Other parameters were non-significant. RCE was well tolerated. Conclusion Results suggest that moderate doses of RCE were more effective and superior to placebo in reducing physiological and self-reported VMS. Findings support that objective physiological symptom assessment methods should be used together with self-report measures in future studies on menopausal VMS. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02028702
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Cathrine Thorup
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Per Bendix Jeppesen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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33
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Lu W, Katzenellenbogen BS. Estrogen Receptor-β Modulation of the ERα-p53 Loop Regulating Gene Expression, Proliferation, and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer. Discov Oncol 2017; 8:230-242. [PMID: 28577282 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-017-0298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a crucial transcriptional regulator in breast cancer, but estrogens mediate their effects through two estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ, subtypes that have contrasting regulatory actions on gene expression and the survival and growth of breast cancer cells. Here, we examine the impact of ERβ on the ERα-p53 loop in breast cancer. We found that ERβ attenuates ERα-induced cell proliferation, increases apoptosis, and reverses transcriptional activation and repression by ERα. Further, ERβ physically interacts with p53, reduces ERα-p53 binding, and antagonizes ERα-p53-mediated transcriptional regulation. ERα directs SUV39H1/H2 and histone H3 lys9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) heterochromatin assembly at estrogen-repressed genes to silence p53-activated transcription. The copresence of ERβ in ERα-positive cells abrogates the H3K9me3 repressive heterochromatin conformation by downregulating SUV39H1 and SUV39H2, thereby releasing the ERα-induced transcriptional block. Furthermore, the presence of ERβ stimulates accumulation of histone H3 lys4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) on ERα-repressed genes, inducing H3K4me3-associated epigenetic activation of the transcription of these repressed genes that can promote p53-based tumor suppression. ERβ also reduced corepressor N-CoR and SMRT recruitment by ERα that could attenuate the crosstalk between ERα and p53. Overall, our data reveal a novel mechanism for ERβ's anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells involving p53 and epigenetic changes in histone methylation that underlie gene regulation of these cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Lu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 524 Burrill Hall, 407 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801-3704, USA
| | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 524 Burrill Hall, 407 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801-3704, USA.
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Assessment of the potential activity of major dietary compounds as selective estrogen receptor modulators in two distinct cell models for proliferation and differentiation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 325:61-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Schoch H, Kreibich AS, Ferri SL, White RS, Bohorquez D, Banerjee A, Port RG, Dow HC, Cordero L, Pallathra AA, Kim H, Li H, Bilker WB, Hirano S, Schultz RT, Borgmann-Winter K, Hahn CG, Feldmeyer D, Carlson GC, Abel T, Brodkin ES. Sociability Deficits and Altered Amygdala Circuits in Mice Lacking Pcdh10, an Autism Associated Gene. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:193-202. [PMID: 27567313 PMCID: PMC5161717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral symptoms in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been attributed to abnormal neuronal connectivity, but the molecular bases of these behavioral and brain phenotypes are largely unknown. Human genetic studies have implicated PCDH10, a member of the δ2 subfamily of nonclustered protocadherin genes, in ASD. PCDH10 expression is enriched in the basolateral amygdala, a brain region implicated in the social deficits of ASD. Previous reports indicate that Pcdh10 plays a role in axon outgrowth and glutamatergic synapse elimination, but its roles in social behaviors and amygdala neuronal connectivity are unknown. We hypothesized that haploinsufficiency of Pcdh10 would reduce social approach behavior and alter the structure and function of amygdala circuits. METHODS Mice lacking one copy of Pcdh10 (Pcdh10+/-) and wild-type littermates were assessed for social approach and other behaviors. The lateral/basolateral amygdala was assessed for dendritic spine number and morphology, and amygdala circuit function was studied using voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Expression of Pcdh10 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits was assessed in postsynaptic density fractions of the amygdala. RESULTS Male Pcdh10+/- mice have reduced social approach behavior, as well as impaired gamma synchronization, abnormal spine morphology, and reduced levels of NMDAR subunits in the amygdala. Social approach deficits in Pcdh10+/- male mice were rescued with acute treatment with the NMDAR partial agonist d-cycloserine. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal that male Pcdh10+/- mice have synaptic and behavioral deficits, and establish Pcdh10+/- mice as a novel genetic model for investigating neural circuitry and behavioral changes relevant to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schoch
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Room 10-170, Building 421, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6168, USA
| | - Arati S. Kreibich
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Sarah L. Ferri
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Room 10-133, Building 421, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6168, USA
| | - Rachel S. White
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Dominique Bohorquez
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Anamika Banerjee
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Russell G. Port
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Holly C. Dow
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Lucero Cordero
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Ashley A. Pallathra
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Hyong Kim
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Honghze Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 215 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA
| | - Warren B. Bilker
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 215 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA
| | - Shinji Hirano
- Department of Cell Biology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata City, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Robert T. Schultz
- Center for Autism Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Karin Borgmann-Winter
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chang-Gyu Hahn
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Dirk Feldmeyer
- Forschungzentrum Julich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, D-52425, Julich, Germany,RWTH Aachen University, Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gregory C. Carlson
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Room 10-133, Building 421, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6168, USA
| | - Edward S. Brodkin
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Laboratory, 125 South 31 Street, Room 2220, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA
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Zhang S, Wang Z, Hu Z, Li C, Tang C, Carlson KE, Luo J, Dong C, Katzenellenbogen JA, Huang J, Zhou HB. Selenophenes: Introducing a New Element into the Core of Non-Steroidal Estrogen Receptor Ligands. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:235-249. [PMID: 27976818 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the heterocyclic core elements with peripheral phenolic and alkyl substituents as a dominant structural motif of ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) has been well recognized. In this study we expanded the structural diversity of core elements by preparing selenium-containing heterocycles and exploring the activities of these selenophenes on the two ERs, ERα and ERβ. Careful structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of their ER binding affinities showed that most selenophenes are ERβ-selective, with the position of the phenol substituents on the selenophene core and the nature of these substituents having a marked effect on their binding affinities. The compound bis(2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)selenophene (2 f) has the highest relative binding affinity (RBA) of 24.3 for ERβ. In transcription assays, most selenophenes were found to exhibit partial to full agonist activity for both ER subtypes, with compounds bis(2-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)selenophene (2 b), bis(4-fluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl)3-bromoselenophene (6 f), and 2,3,5-tris(hydroxyphenyl)thiophenes (8 b and 8 d) profiling as superagonists for ERα; however, several compounds display a range of ERα or ERβ antagonistic activities. A few selenophenes exhibited antiproliferative activity, with compound 8 c showing antiproliferative effects similar to that of 4-hydroxytamoxifen in breast cancer MCF-7 cells while being nontoxic to normal VERO cells. These new ligands could act as models for the development of novel agents leading to improved therapeutics that target the estrogen receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhiye Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Changhao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China
| | - Chu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Kathryn E Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Junjie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Chune Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - John A Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Bing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China.,Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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Gong P, Madak-Erdogan Z, Flaws JA, Shapiro DJ, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS. Estrogen receptor-α and aryl hydrocarbon receptor involvement in the actions of botanical estrogens in target cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 437:190-200. [PMID: 27543265 PMCID: PMC5873581 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Botanical estrogen (BE) dietary supplements are consumed by women as substitutes for loss of endogenous estrogens at menopause. To examine the roles of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and their crosstalk in the actions of BEs, we studied gene regulation and proliferation responses to four widely used BEs, genistein, daidzein, and S-equol from soy, and liquiritigen from licorice root in breast cancer and liver cells. BEs and estradiol (E2), acting through ERα, stimulated proliferation, ERα chromatin binding and target-gene expression. BEs but not E2, acting through AhR, bound to xenobiotic response element-containing chromatin sites and enhanced AhR target-gene expression (CYP1A1, CYP1B1). While E2 and TCDD acted quite selectively through their respective receptors, BEs acted via both receptors, with their AhR activity moderated by negative crosstalk through ERα. Both ERα and AhR should be considered as mediators of the biology and pharmacology of BEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David J Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Davinelli S, Scapagnini G, Marzatico F, Nobile V, Ferrara N, Corbi G. Influence of equol and resveratrol supplementation on health-related quality of life in menopausal women: A randomized, placebo-controlled study. Maturitas 2016; 96:77-83. [PMID: 28041599 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate the effects of equol and resveratrol supplementation on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in otherwise healthy menopausal women with hot flashes, anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHODS Sixty recently menopausal women aged 50-55 years were randomized in a 12-week, placebo-controlled trial to receive 200mg of fermented soy containing 10mg of equol and 25mg of resveratrol (1 tablet/day). The primary outcome was the change in score on the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), used to evaluate the severity of age-/menopause-related complaints. Additional outcome measures included the subject-reported score on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), which was used specifically to assess sleep quality. RESULTS The symptoms assessed by the MRS improved during treatment in the active group. Comparison between placebo and treatment groups revealed statistically significant improvement in particular for dryness of vagina (-85.7%) (p<0.001), heart discomfort (-78.8%; p<0.001) and sexual problems (-73.3%; p<0.001). On the HAM-D significant improvements at week 12 were seen in work and activities (-94.1%) (p<0.001). Subjects treated with equol and resveratrol also had significant differences in the sleep domain of the NHP (p<0.001). CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that 12 weeks of dietary supplementation with equol and resveratrol may improve menopause-related quality of life in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marzatico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Kulkoyluoglu E, Madak-Erdogan Z. Nuclear and extranuclear-initiated estrogen receptor signaling crosstalk and endocrine resistance in breast cancer. Steroids 2016; 114:41-47. [PMID: 27394959 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens regulate function of reproductive and non-reproductive tissues in healthy and diseased states including breast cancer. They mainly work through estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and/or estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). There are various ERα targeting agents that have been used for treatment of ER (+) breast tumors. The impact of direct nuclear activity of ER is very well characterized in ER (+) breast cancers and development and progression of endocrine resistance. Recent studies also suggested important roles for extranuclear-initiated ERα pathways, which would decrease the potency and efficiency of ERα targeting agents. In this mini-review, we will discuss the role of nuclear and extra-nuclear ER signaling and how they relate to therapy resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylem Kulkoyluoglu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA.
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Stork CT, Bocek M, Crossley MP, Sollier J, Sanz LA, Chédin F, Swigut T, Cimprich KA. Co-transcriptional R-loops are the main cause of estrogen-induced DNA damage. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27552054 PMCID: PMC5030092 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hormone estrogen (E2) binds the estrogen receptor to promote transcription of E2-responsive genes in the breast and other tissues. E2 also has links to genomic instability, and elevated E2 levels are tied to breast cancer. Here, we show that E2 stimulation causes a rapid, global increase in the formation of R-loops, co-transcriptional RNA-DNA products, which in some instances have been linked to DNA damage. We show that E2-dependent R-loop formation and breast cancer rearrangements are highly enriched at E2-responsive genomic loci and that E2 induces DNA replication-dependent double-strand breaks (DSBs). Strikingly, many DSBs that accumulate in response to E2 are R-loop dependent. Thus, R-loops resulting from the E2 transcriptional response are a significant source of DNA damage. This work reveals a novel mechanism by which E2 stimulation leads to genomic instability and highlights how transcriptional programs play an important role in shaping the genomic landscape of DNA damage susceptibility. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17548.001 The hormone estrogen controls the development of breast tissue. However too much estrogen can damage the DNA in human cells and may be linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. In breast cells, estrogen activates many genes via a process called transcription. The transcription process results in the production of an RNA molecule that contains a copy of the instructions encoded within the gene. Previous studies have found that, in certain cases, a new RNA molecule can stick to the matching DNA from which it was made. This creates a structure known as an R-loop, which can lead the DNA to break. DNA breaks are particularly harmful because they can dramatically alter the cell’s genome in ways that allow it to become cancerous. However, it was not clear if the large increase in transcription triggered by estrogen causes an increase in R-loops, which could help to explain the DNA damage that has been reported to occur when cells are treated with estrogen. Now, Stork et al. show that treating human breast cancer cells with estrogen causes an increase in R-loops and DNA breaks. The R-loops occurred particularly in regions of the genome that contain estrogen-activated genes. Stork et al. also found that regions of estrogen-activated transcription were more frequently mutated in breast cancers, and further experiments confirmed that the R-loops were responsible for many of the DNA breaks that occurred following estrogen treatment. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the changes in transcription due to estrogen lead to increased R-loops and DNA breaks, which may make the cells vulnerable to becoming cancerous. The next challenge is to determine precisely where these DNA breaks that result from estrogen occur on the DNA. Knowing the location of the DNA breaks will be useful in determining what additional factors or genomic features make an R-loop more prone to being broken. This in turn might help explain how the R-loops lead to DNA damage. In addition, further studies are also needed to determine if tumor samples from breast cancer patients also contain increased levels of R-loops. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17548.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Townsend Stork
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Michael Bocek
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Madzia P Crossley
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Julie Sollier
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Lionel A Sanz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Frédéric Chédin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Tomek Swigut
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Karlene A Cimprich
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
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Ferguson LR, De Caterina R, Görman U, Allayee H, Kohlmeier M, Prasad C, Choi MS, Curi R, de Luis DA, Gil Á, Kang JX, Martin RL, Milagro FI, Nicoletti CF, Nonino CB, Ordovas JM, Parslow VR, Portillo MP, Santos JL, Serhan CN, Simopoulos AP, Velázquez-Arellano A, Zulet MA, Martinez JA. Guide and Position of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics on Personalised Nutrition: Part 1 - Fields of Precision Nutrition. Lifestyle Genom 2016; 9:12-27. [DOI: 10.1159/000445350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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42
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Chirumbolo S. Commentary: The antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice, a widely-used Chinese herb. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:531. [PMID: 27148220 PMCID: PMC4834445 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Medicine-Unit of Geriatry, University Laboratories for Medical Research, University of Verona Verona, Italy
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43
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Tchoumtchoua J, Makropoulou M, Ateba SB, Boulaka A, Halabalaki M, Lambrinidis G, Meligova AK, Mbanya JC, Mikros E, Skaltsounis AL, Mitsiou DJ, Njamen D, Alexis MN. Estrogenic activity of isoflavonoids from the stem bark of the tropical tree Amphimas pterocarpoides, a source of traditional medicines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 158:138-148. [PMID: 26706281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Various preparations of the African tree Amphimas pterocarpoides Harms are traditionally used to treat endocrine- related adverse health conditions. In the ovariectomized rat, the enriched in phenolics fraction of the methanol extract of stem bark of A. pterocarpoides acted as vaginotrophic agent of considerably weaker uterotrophic activity compared to estradiol. Evaluation of the fraction and 11 isoflavonoids isolated therefrom using Ishikawa cells and estrogen receptor (ER) isotype-specific reporter cells suggested that the estrogenic activity of the fraction could be attributed primarily to daidzein and dihydroglycitein and secondarily to glycitein. The potency-based selectivity of daidzein, dihydroglycitein and glycitein for gene expression through ERβ versus ERα, expressed relative to estradiol, was 37, 27 and 20, respectively. However, the rank order of relative-to-estradiol potencies of induction of alkaline phosphatase in Ishikawa cells, a reliable marker of estrogenic activity, was daidzein>dihydroglycitein>>glycitein. The considerably higher estrogenic activity of dihydroglycitein compared to glycitein could be attributed to the partial agonist/antagonist activity of dihydroglycitein through ERβ. Calculation of theoretical free energies of binding predicted the partial agonism/antagonism of dihydroglycitein through ERβ. The fraction and the isolated isoflavonoids promoted lactogenic differentiation of HC11 mammary epithelial cells at least as effectively as premenopausal levels of estradiol. This data suggests that the estrogenic activity of the fraction likely depends on the metabolism of glycitein to dihydroglycitein; that the fraction could exert vaginotrophic activity likely without challenging endocrine cancer risk more than estrogen-alone supplementation; and that the fraction's safety for the reproductive track warrants a more detailed evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job Tchoumtchoua
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece; Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Maria Makropoulou
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece; Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Sylvain Benjamin Ateba
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Athina Boulaka
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - George Lambrinidis
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Aggeliki K Meligova
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Jean Claude Mbanya
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 8046, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Mikros
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra J Mitsiou
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Dieudonne Njamen
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Michael N Alexis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.
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44
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Zhao YC, Madak Erdogan Z. Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27023311 DOI: 10.3791/53832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of the -omics approaches our understanding of the chronic diseases like cancer and metabolic syndrome has improved. However, effective mining of the information in the large-scale datasets that are obtained from gene expression microarrays, deep sequencing experiments or metabolic profiling is essential to uncover and then effectively target the critical regulators of diseased cell phenotypes. Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) is one of the master transcription factors regulating the gene programs that are important for estrogen responsive breast cancers. In order to understand to role of ERα signaling in breast cancer metabolism we utilized transcriptomic, cistromic and metabolomic data from MCF-7 cells treated with estradiol. In this report we described generation of samples for RNA-Seq, ChIP-Seq and metabolomics experiments and the integrative computational analysis of the obtained data. This approach is useful in delineating novel molecular mechanisms and gene regulatory circuits that are regulated by a particular transcription factor which impacts metabolism of normal or diseased cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Chen Zhao
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
| | - Zeynep Madak Erdogan
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign;
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45
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Saha S, Rajpal DK, Brown JR. Human microbial metabolites as a source of new drugs. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:692-8. [PMID: 26916596 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk between the microbiome and the human host is mediated by specific ligand-receptor interactions involving microbially generated metabolites that can be either agonists or antagonists of human proteins. The evolved co-compatibility of gut microbiota with human systems points to a potentially rich area for discovering new drug-like molecules that are both highly specific modulators of human pathways and derisked for adverse effects. In this review, we discuss the rapidly growing research into the role of microbial metabolites in human health and suggest potential strategies for developing these molecules into therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdutta Saha
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S. Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426-0989, USA
| | - Deepak K Rajpal
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S. Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426-0989, USA
| | - James R Brown
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S. Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426-0989, USA.
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46
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Zheng N, Liu L, Liu W, Zhang P, Huang H, Zang L, Hayashi T, Tashiro SI, Onodera S, Xia M, Ikejima T. ERβ up-regulation was involved in silibinin-induced growth inhibition of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 591:141-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Boonmuen N, Gong P, Ali Z, Chittiboyina AG, Khan I, Doerge DR, Helferich WG, Carlson KE, Martin T, Piyachaturawat P, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS. Licorice root components in dietary supplements are selective estrogen receptor modulators with a spectrum of estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities. Steroids 2016; 105:42-9. [PMID: 26631549 PMCID: PMC4714869 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Licorice root extracts are often consumed as botanical dietary supplements by menopausal women as a natural alternative to pharmaceutical hormone replacement therapy. In addition to their components liquiritigenin (Liq) and isoliquiritigenin (Iso-Liq), known to have estrogenic activity, licorice root extracts also contain a number of other flavonoids, isoflavonoids, and chalcones. We have investigated the estrogenic activity of 7 of these components, obtained from an extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra powder, namely Glabridin (L1), Calycosin (L2), Methoxychalcone (L3), Vestitol (L4), Glyasperin C (L5), Glycycoumarin (L6), and Glicoricone (L7), and compared them with Liq, Iso-Liq, and estradiol (E2). All components, including Liq and Iso-Liq, have low binding affinity for estrogen receptors (ERs). Their potency and efficacy in stimulating the expression of estrogen-regulated genes reveal that Liq and Iso-Liq and L2, L3, L4, and L6 are estrogen agonists. Interestingly, L3 and L4 have an efficacy nearly equivalent to E2 but with a potency ca. 10,000-fold less. The other components, L1, L5 and L7, acted as partial estrogen antagonists. All agonist activities were reversed by the antiestrogen, ICI 182,780, or by knockdown of ERα with siRNA, indicating that they are ER dependent. In HepG2 hepatoma cells stably expressing ERα, only Liq, Iso-Liq, and L3 stimulated estrogen-regulated gene expression, and in all cases gene stimulation did not occur in HepG2 cells lacking ERα. Collectively, these findings classify the components of licorice root extracts as low potency, mixed ER agonists and antagonists, having a character akin to that of selective estrogen receptor modulators or SERMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittaya Boonmuen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, United States
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, United States
| | - Ikhlas Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, United States
| | - Daniel R Doerge
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Kathryn E Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Teresa Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Pawinee Piyachaturawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - John A Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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Marzagalli M, Montagnani Marelli M, Casati L, Fontana F, Moretti RM, Limonta P. Estrogen Receptor β in Melanoma: From Molecular Insights to Potential Clinical Utility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:140. [PMID: 27833586 PMCID: PMC5080294 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive tumor; its incidence has been reported to increase fast in the past decades. Melanoma is a heterogeneous tumor, with most patients harboring mutations in the BRAF or NRAS oncogenes, leading to the overactivation of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. The current therapeutic approaches are based on therapies targeting mutated BRAF and the downstream pathway, and on monoclonal antibodies against the immune checkpoint blockade. However, treatment resistance and side effects are common events of these therapeutic strategies. Increasing evidence supports that melanoma is a hormone-related cancer. Melanoma incidence is higher in males than in females, and females have a significant survival advantage over men. Estrogens exert their effects through estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) that affect cancer growth in an opposite way: ERα is associated with a proliferative action and ERβ with an anticancer effect. ERβ is the predominant ER in melanoma, and its expression decreases in melanoma progression, supporting its role as a tumor suppressor. Thus, ERβ is now considered as an effective molecular target for melanoma treatment. 17β-estradiol was reported to inhibit melanoma cells proliferation; however, clinical trials did not provide the expected survival benefits. In vitro studies demonstrate that ERβ ligands inhibit the proliferation of melanoma cells harboring the NRAS (but not the BRAF) mutation, suggesting that ERβ activation might impair melanoma development through the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway. These data suggest that ERβ agonists might be considered as an effective treatment strategy, in combination with MAPK inhibitors, for NRAS mutant melanomas. In an era of personalized medicine, pretreatment evaluation of the expression of ER isoforms together with the concurrent oncogenic mutations should be considered before selecting the most appropriate therapeutic intervention. Natural compounds that specifically bind to ERβ have been identified. These phytoestrogens decrease the proliferation of melanoma cells. Importantly, these effects are unrelated to the oncogenic mutations of melanomas, suggesting that, in addition to their ERβ activating function, these compounds might impair melanoma development through additional mechanisms. A better identification of the role of ERβ in melanoma development will help increase the therapeutic options for this aggressive pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Montagnani Marelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Lavinia Casati
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Manuela Moretti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Patrizia Limonta,
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49
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Uifălean A, Schneider S, Ionescu C, Lalk M, Iuga CA. Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2015; 21:E13. [PMID: 26703550 PMCID: PMC6273223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential benefit of soy isoflavones in breast cancer chemoprevention, as suggested by epidemiological studies, has aroused the interest of numerous scientists for over twenty years. Although intensive work has been done in this field, the preclinical results continue to be controversial and the molecular mechanisms are far from being fully understood. The antiproliferative effect of soy isoflavones has been commonly linked to the estrogen receptor interaction, but there is growing evidence that other pathways are influenced as well. Among these, the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis or antioxidant properties have been recently explored using various isoflavone doses and various breast cancer cells. In this review, we offer a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms of isoflavones observed in in vitro studies, emphasizing each time the dose-effect relationship and estrogen receptor status of the cells. Furthermore, we present future research directions in this field which could provide a better understanding of the inner molecular mechanisms of soy isoflavones in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Uifălean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Corina Ionescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Cristina Adela Iuga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
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Madak-Erdogan Z, Gong P, Zhao YC, Xu L, Wrobel KU, Hartman JA, Wang M, Cam A, Iwaniec UT, Turner RT, Twaddle NC, Doerge DR, Khan IA, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS, Helferich WG. Dietary licorice root supplementation reduces diet-induced weight gain, lipid deposition, and hepatic steatosis in ovariectomized mice without stimulating reproductive tissues and mammary gland. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 60:369-80. [PMID: 26555669 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE We studied the impact of dietary supplementation with licorice root components on diet-induced obesity, fat accumulation, and hepatic steatosis in ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice as a menopause model. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the molecular and physiological effects of dietary licorice root administered to ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice as root powder (LRP), extracts (LRE), or isolated isoliquiritigenin (ILQ) on reproductive (uterus and mammary gland) and nonreproductive tissues important in regulating metabolism (liver, perigonadal, perirenal, mesenteric, and subcutaneous fat). Quantitative outcome measures including body weight, fat distribution (magnetic resonance imaging), food consumption, bone density and weight (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and gene expression were assessed by the degree of restoration to the preovariectomized health state. We characterized histological (H&E and oil red O staining) and molecular properties (expression of certain disease markers) of these tissues, and correlated these with metabolic phenotype as well as blood levels of bioactives. CONCLUSION Although LRE and ILQ provided some benefit, LRP was the most effective in reducing body weight gain, overall fat deposition, liver steatosis, and expression of hepatic lipid synthesis genes following ovariectomy. Our data demonstrate that licorice root provided improvement of multiple metabolic parameters under conditions of low estrogen and high-fat diets without stimulating reproductive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Botanical Research Center, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ping Gong
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yiru Chen Zhao
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Liwen Xu
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kinga U Wrobel
- Botanical Research Center, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - James A Hartman
- Botanical Research Center, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Michelle Wang
- Botanical Research Center, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anthony Cam
- Botanical Research Center, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Russell T Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | - Daniel R Doerge
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Product Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi University, MS, USA.,Division of Pharmacognosy Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi University, MS, USA
| | | | | | - William G Helferich
- Botanical Research Center, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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