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Zhang X, Zhu Y, Li Z, Li J, Wei S, Chen W, Ren D, Zhang S. Assessment soil cadmium and copper toxicity on barley growth and the influencing soil properties in subtropical agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114968. [PMID: 36455628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation joint cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) phytotoxicity in wide range of subtropical agricultural soils is highly vital for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Cd and Cu. In this study, barley root elongation assays were performed in 30 representative soils in response to single and combined Cd and Cu inhibition. The single Cd caused nearly 50% inhibition of barley root elongation, and Cu induced more than 50% inhibition in most soils. Mixed Cd + Cu caused significant inhibition on barley growth with average relative root elongation values of 20.0% and 30.4% in soil with a pH < 7 and pH > 7, respectively. An antagonistic interaction was evaluated in combined Cd + Cu toxicity, which was strong in soils containing low soluble Cu and Cd contents. Soil pH was the controlling factor in predicting single and mixed Cd and Cu phytotoxicity, which could explain 44% and 46% variation of single Cd and Cu toxicity, respectively. Soil organic carbon and effective cation exchange capacity were another important factor positively influencing metal toxicity, which further improved empirical prediction models accuracy, with determined coefficient (r2) values of 0.44-0.84. These results provide a theoretical basis for soils Cd and Cu pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430081, China
| | - Yuanjie Zhu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Jiong Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430081, China.
| | - Wangsheng Chen
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430081, China
| | - Dajun Ren
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430081, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430081, China
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Zhou Q, Wang H, Xu C, Zheng S, Wu M, Zhang Q, Liao Y, Zhu H, Zhu Q, Huang D. Nitrogen application practices to reduce cadmium concentration in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:50530-50539. [PMID: 35229266 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19381-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in paddy soils creates challenges in rice grain production, thereby threatening food security. The effectiveness of different base-tillering-panicle urea application ratios and the combined basal application of urea and Chinese milk vetch (CMV, Astragalus sinicus L.) in minimizing Cd accumulation in rice grains was explored in a Cd-contaminated acidic soil via a field experiment. The results indicated that under similar nitrogen (N) application rates, an appropriate amount of urea applied at the panicle stage or the combined basal application of urea and CMV decreased Cd absorption by rice roots and its accumulation in rice grains, as compared with that of conventional N application (control). Furthermore, under a 3:4:3 base-tillering-panicle urea application ratio or under a high basal application of CMV (37,500 kg hm-2), Cd concentrations in brown rice were significantly lower (40.7% and 34.1%, respectively) than that of control. Cadmium transport coefficient from root to straw was significantly higher than that of control when an appropriate amount of urea was applied at the panicle stage or when urea and CMV were applied basally, whereas the Cd transport coefficient from straw to brown rice was relatively lower. Moreover, soil pH, or the CEC and CaCl2-Cd concentrations under different N fertilizer treatment was not significantly different. However, the rice grain yield increased by 29.4% with basal application of a high CMV amount compared with that of control. An appropriate amount of urea applied at the panicle stage or the combined basal application of urea and CMV decreased Cd absorption by rice roots and inhibited its transport from straw to brown rice, thus reducing Cd concentration in brown rice. Therefore, combined with the key phase of Cd accumulation in rice, a reasonable urea application ratio or a basal application of high CMV amounts could effectively reduce Cd concentration in brown rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Shen Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Meiyan Wu
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Hanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Qihong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Daoyou Huang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
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He F, Zhao Q, Huang JL, Niu MX, Feng HC, Shi YJ, Zhao KJ, Cui XL, Wu XL, Mi JX, Zhong Y, Liu QL, Chen LH, Wan XQ, Zhang F. External application of nitrogen alleviates toxicity of cadmium on poplars via starch and sucrose metabolism. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:2126-2141. [PMID: 33960381 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation technology can help achieve moderate cost and considerable effect with respect to the remediation of heavy metal (HM) pollution in soil and water. Many previous studies have suggested the role of nitrogen (N) in the alleviation of effects of HM on plants. Herein, we sought to determine the molecular mechanisms by which additional N supplementation mitigates cadmium (Cd) toxicity in poplars using a combination of physiological, transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic analyses. The application of N can alleviate the toxicity of Cd to Populus by reducing chlorophyll degradation, maintaining the stability of ions inside and outside the cell membrane and increasing the soluble sugar content. Plant samples from the control, Cd stress and Cd_N treatments were used for an integrated analysis of the transcriptome, as well as for phosphoproteomics analysis. Moreover, 1314 differentially expressed genes and 119 differentially expressed kinase genes were discovered. Application of additional N under Cd stress promoted the phosphorylation process. Furthermore, 51 significantly enriched phosphorylated protein sites and 23 differentially expressed kinases were identified using phosphoproteomic and proteomic analyses. Importantly, transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic analyses jointly determined that the application of N could activate corresponding gene expression [UDP-glucose-dehydrogenase (UGD), GAUT, PME, pectin lyase, UDP-glucose-pyrophosphorylase 2 (UGP2), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), SUS and SPP2] and protein phosphorylation (UGP2 and SPS) in the sugar and starch synthesis pathways, which promoted the synthesis of sucrose and soluble sugar and subsequently alleviated the damage caused by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jin-Liang Huang
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Meng-Xue Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hua-Cong Feng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu-Jie Shi
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kuang-Ji Zhao
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xing-Lei Cui
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Wu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jia-Xuan Mi
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qing-Lin Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liang-Hua Chen
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xue-Qin Wan
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
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Jiang M, Zhan Z, Li H, Dong X, Cheng F, Piao Z. Brassica rapa orphan genes largely affect soluble sugar metabolism. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:181. [PMID: 33328469 PMCID: PMC7603504 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Orphan genes (OGs), which are genes unique to a specific taxon, play a vital role in primary metabolism. However, little is known about the functional significance of Brassica rapa OGs (BrOGs) that were identified in our previous study. To study their biological functions, we developed a BrOG overexpression (BrOGOE) mutant library of 43 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and assessed the phenotypic variation of the plants. We found that 19 of the 43 BrOGOE mutants displayed a mutant phenotype and 42 showed a variable soluble sugar content. One mutant, BrOG1OE, with significantly elevated fructose, glucose, and total sugar contents but a reduced sucrose content, was selected for in-depth analysis. BrOG1OE showed reduced expression and activity of the Arabidopsis sucrose synthase gene (AtSUS); however, the activity of invertase was unchanged. In contrast, silencing of two copies of BrOG1 in B. rapa, BraA08002322 (BrOG1A) and BraSca000221 (BrOG1B), by the use of an efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system of Chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. campestris) resulted in decreased fructose, glucose, and total soluble sugar contents because of the upregulation of BrSUS1b, BrSUS3, and, specifically, the BrSUS5 gene in the edited BrOG1 transgenic line. In addition, we observed increased sucrose content and SUS activity in the BrOG1 mutants, with the activity of invertase remaining unchanged. Thus, BrOG1 probably affected soluble sugar metabolism in a SUS-dependent manner. This is the first report investigating the function of BrOGs with respect to soluble sugar metabolism and reinforced the idea that OGs are a valuable resource for nutrient metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Jiang
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zongxiang Zhan
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiangshu Dong
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhongyun Piao
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Ji S, Gao L, Chen W, Su J, Shen Y. Urea application enhances cadmium uptake and accumulation in Italian ryegrass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34421-34433. [PMID: 32557021 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Italian ryegrass (Lolium multifolorum Lam.) has a potential phytoextraction capacity for cadmium (Cd), which is considered as the most toxic heavy metal (HM) pollutant in the farmland. The promotion effect of urea application on Italian ryegrass growth has been clarified, while it is not clear whether and how urea application affects Cd accumulation in Italian ryegrass under Cd stress. A 2-year pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of urea application on Cd accumulation and related mechanisms by uptake inhibition and kinetics experiments. The results showed that both shoot biomass and Cd concentration under Cd stress were increased by up to 213.37% and 84.74% in 2016 and 38.15% and 47.11% in 2017 after urea application, respectively. The shoot Cd accumulation reached maximum value (910.23 and 630.09 μg pot-1 in 2016 and 2017, respectively) at the level of 300 kg ha-1 urea. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly increased by urea application. Compared with control group, urea application significantly improved inhibition ratio of 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) rather than LaCl3 and Ca2+. Cadmium uptake kinetics experiment showed that urea application significantly decreased the Km value and improved the α value (P < 0.01), but no significant effect on the Vmax value (P > 0.05). In conclusion, we proposed that the higher affinity to Cd2+ of the membrane transporter after urea application promoted the active uptake of Cd, which contributed to the effective Cd accumulation capacity in Italian ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Ji
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Limin Gao
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Su
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixin Shen
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Pan W, You Y, Shentu JL, Weng YN, Wang ST, Xu QR, Liu HJ, Du ST. Abscisic acid (ABA)-importing transporter 1 (AIT1) contributes to the inhibition of Cd accumulation via exogenous ABA application in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122189. [PMID: 32044630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) accumulation presents risks to crop safety and productivity. However, through an exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA), its accumulation in plants can be reduced and its toxicity mitigated, thereby providing an alternative strategy to counteract Cd contamination of arable soil. In the present study, we demonstrated that exogenous ABA application alleviates Cd-induced growth inhibition and photosynthetic damage in wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis plants. However, these positive effects were weakened in the ABA-importing transporter (AIT1)-deficient mutant (ait1). Through further analysis, we found that upon ABA application, the decrease in Cd level significantly differed among ait1, Col-0, and the two AIT1-overexpressing transgenic plants (AIT1ox-1 and AIT1ox-2), suggesting that AIT1 mediates the Cd-reducing effects of ABA. ABA application also inhibited the expression of IRT1, ZIP1, ZIP4, and Nramp1 in Col-0 plants subjected to Cd stress. However, significant differences among the genotypes (ait1, Col-0 and AIT1ox) were only observed in terms of IRT1 expression. Overall, our findings suggest that the suppression of Cd accumulation and restoration of plant growth by exogenous ABA require the ABA-importing activity of AIT1 to inhibit IRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yue You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jia-Li Shentu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yi-Neng Weng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qian-Ru Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hui-Jun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shao-Ting Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Pan W, You Y, Weng YN, Shentu JL, Lu Q, Xu QR, Liu HJ, Du ST. Zn stress facilitates nitrate transporter 1.1-mediated nitrate uptake aggravating Zn accumulation in Arabidopsis plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110104. [PMID: 31884326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Describing the mechanisms of zinc (Zn) accumulation in plants is essential to counteract the effects of excessive Zn uptake in crops grown in contaminated soils. Increasing evidence suggests that there is a positive correlation between nitrate supply and Zn accumulation in plants. However, the role of the primary nitrate transporter NRT1.1 in Zn accumulation in plants remains unknown. In this study, a Zn stress-induced increase in nitrate uptake and an increase in NRT1.1 protein levels in wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis plants were measured using microelectrode ion flux and green fluorescent protein (GFP)/β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining, respectively. Both agar and hydroponic cultures showed that mutants lacking the NRT1.1 function in nrt1.1 and chl1-5 (chlorate resistant 1) exhibited lower Zn levels in the roots and shoots of Zn-stressed plants than the wild-type. A lack of NRT1.1 activity also alleviated Zn-induced photosynthetic damage and growth inhibition in plants. Further, we used a rotation system with synchronous or asynchronous uptakes of nitrate and Zn to demonstrate differences in Zn levels between the Col-0 and nrt1.1/chl1-5 mutants. Significantly lower difference in Zn levels were noted in the nitrate/Zn asynchronous treatment than in the nitrate/Zn synchronous treatment. From these results, it can be concluded that NRT1.1 modulates Zn accumulation in plants via a nitrate-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yue You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yi-Neng Weng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jia-Li Shentu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qi Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qian-Ru Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hui-Jun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shao-Ting Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Zhu Z, Huang Y, Wu X, Liu Z, Zou J, Chen Y, Su N, Cui J. Increased antioxidative capacity and decreased cadmium uptake contribute to hemin-induced alleviation of cadmium toxicity in Chinese cabbage seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 177:47-57. [PMID: 30959312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hemin (ferroprotoporphyrin IX), a compound derivative of heme, has been shown to exert numerous beneficial physiological functions in the resistance of plant to various abiotic stresses. This work investigated the effects of hemin on ameliorating Cd toxicity in Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.). Our results showed that leaf chlorosis, growth inhibition, root morphology and photosynthetic activity were significantly improved by the addition of hemin in Cd-stressed plants. Meanwhile, Cd-induced oxidative damage was also alleviated by hemin, which was supported by the decreased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in roots of the seedlings treated with hemin. In the same time, the activities of antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were elevated by hemin, which contributed to the scavenging of Cd-elicited H2O2 and O2•- within the roots of Chinese cabbage seedlings. Furthermore, compared with Cd stressed plants, Cd concentrations in both shoots and roots were markedly decreased by exogenous hemin. Hence, it can be speculated that hemin-mediated tolerance to Cd stress may be associated with the inhibition of Cd uptake in Chinese cabbage. This hypothesis was supported by the down-regulated expressions of transporter genes, including BcIRT1, BcIRT2, BcNramp1 and BcZIP2 caused by hemin addition in Chinese cabbage seedlings under Cd treatment. Taken together, these results suggested that hemin alleviated Cd toxicity probably through increasing antioxidative capacities and inhibiting Cd uptake of Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zili Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianwen Zou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Pan W, Lu Q, Xu QR, Zhang RR, Li HY, Yang YH, Liu HJ, Du ST. Abscisic acid-generating bacteria can reduce Cd concentration in pakchoi grown in Cd-contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 177:100-107. [PMID: 30974243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of vegetable plants with cadmium (Cd) has become a serious issue in recent years. In the present study, pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) grown in Cd-contaminated soil inoculated with abscisic acid (ABA)-generating bacteria, Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis, showed 28%-281% and 26%-255% greater biomass, and 40%-79% and 43%-77% lower Cd concentrations, respectively, than those of the controlbacteria-free plants. These treatments also alleviated the Cd-induced photosynthesis inhibition and oxidative damage (indicated by malondialdehyde [MDA], H2O2, and O2• -). Furthermore, the application of bacteria also remarkably improved the levels of antioxidant-related compounds (total phenolics, total flavonoids, ascorbate, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] activity) and nutritional quality (soluble sugar and soluble protein) in the Cd-supplied plants. Based on these results, we conclude that the application of ABA-generating bacteria might be an alternative strategy for improving the biomass production and quality of vegetable plants grown in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qi Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qian-Ru Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ran-Ran Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huai-Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yu-He Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hui-Jun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shao-Ting Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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10
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Ali E, Hussain N, Shamsi IH, Jabeen Z, Siddiqui MH, Jiang LX. Role of jasmonic acid in improving tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to Cd toxicity. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 19:130-146. [PMID: 29405041 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The well-known detrimental effects of cadmium (Cd) on plants are chloroplast destruction, photosynthetic pigment inhibition, imbalance of essential plant nutrients, and membrane damage. Jasmonic acid (JA) is an alleviator against different stresses such as salinity and drought. However, the functional attributes of JA in plants such as the interactive effects of JA application and Cd on rapeseed in response to heavy metal stress remain unclear. JA at 50 µmol/L was observed in literature to have senescence effects in plants. In the present study, 25 µmol/L JA is observed to be a "stress ameliorating molecule" by improving the tolerance of rapeseed plants to Cd toxicity. JA reduces the Cd uptake in the leaves, thereby reducing membrane damage and malondialdehyde content and increasing the essential nutrient uptake. Furthermore, JA shields the chloroplast against the damaging effects of Cd, thereby increasing gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments. Moreover, JA modulates the antioxidant enzyme activity to strengthen the internal defense system. Our results demonstrate the function of JA in alleviating Cd toxicity and its underlying mechanism. Moreover, JA attenuates the damage of Cd to plants. This study enriches our knowledge regarding the use of and protection provided by JA in Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Ali
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir 12350, Pakistan
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zahra Jabeen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Li-Xi Jiang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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11
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Tang L, Luo WJ, He ZL, Gurajala HK, Hamid Y, Khan KY, Yang XE. Variations in cadmium and nitrate co-accumulation among water spinach genotypes and implications for screening safe genotypes for human consumption. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 19:147-158. [PMID: 29405042 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Vegetables are important constituents of the human diet. Heavy metals and nitrate are among the major contaminants of vegetables. Consumption of vegetables and fruits with accumulated heavy metals and nitrate has the potential to damage different body organs leading to unwanted effects. Breeding vegetables with low heavy metal and nitrate contaminants is a cost-effective approach. We investigated 38 water spinach genotypes for low Cd and nitrate co-accumulation. Four genotypes, i.e. JXDY, GZQL, XGDB, and B888, were found to have low co-accumulation of Cd (<0.71 mg/kg dry weight) and nitrate (<3100 mg/kg fresh weight) in the edible parts when grown in soils with moderate contamination of both Cd (1.10 mg/kg) and nitrate (235.2 mg/kg). These genotypes should be appropriate with minimized risk to humans who consume them. The Cd levels in the edible parts of water spinach were positively correlated with the concentration of Pb or Zn, but Cd, Pb, or Zn was negatively correlated with P concentration. These results indicate that these three heavy metals may be absorbed into the plant in similar proportions or in combination, minimizing the influx to aerial parts. Increasing P fertilizer application rates appears to prevent heavy metal and nitrate translocation to shoot tissues and the edible parts of water spinach on co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei-Jun Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Li He
- Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida 34945, USA
| | - Hanumanth Kumar Gurajala
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kiran Yasmin Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-E Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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12
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Guan MY, Zhang HH, Pan W, Jin CW, Lin XY. Sulfide alleviates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis plants by altering the chemical form and the subcellular distribution of cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:663-670. [PMID: 29426190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Several sulfur compounds are thought to play important roles in the plant tolerance to cadmium (Cd), but the role of inorganic sulfide in Cd tolerance remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that Cd exposure increased the accumulation of soluble sulfide in Arabidopsis plants. When exogenous sulfide, in the form of NaHS, was foliarly applied, Cd-induced growth inhibition and oxidative stress were alleviated. In addition, although the foliar application of sulfide did not affect the total Cd levels, it significantly decreased the soluble Cd fractions in plants. Furthermore, foliar applications of sulfide decreased Cd distribution in the cytoplasm and organelles, but increased Cd retention in the cell wall, which is a less sensitive compartment. These results suggest that the Cd-induced accumulation of soluble sulfide alleviates Cd toxicity in plants by inactivating Cd and sequestering it into the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hai Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xian Yong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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13
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Xu Q, Pan W, Zhang R, Lu Q, Xue W, Wu C, Song B, Du S. Inoculation with Bacillus subtilis and Azospirillum brasilense Produces Abscisic Acid That Reduces Irt1-Mediated Cadmium Uptake of Roots. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5229-5236. [PMID: 29738246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of agricultural soils represents a serious risk to crop safety. A new strategy using abscisic acid (ABA)-generating bacteria, Bacillus subtilis or Azospirillum brasilense, was developed to reduce the Cd accumulation in plants grown in Cd-contaminated soil. Inoculation with either bacterium resulted in a pronounced increase in the ABA level in wild-type Arabidopsis Col-0 plants, accompanied by a decrease in Cd levels in plant tissues, which mitigated the Cd toxicity. As a consequence, the growth of plants exposed to Cd was improved. Nevertheless, B. subtilis and A. brasilense inoculation had little effect on Cd levels and toxicity in the ABA-insensitive mutant snrk 2.2/2.3, indicating that the action of ABA is required for these bacteria to reduce Cd accumulation in plants. Furthermore, inoculation with either B. subtilis or A. brasilense downregulated the expression of IRT1 (iron-regulated transporter 1) in the roots of wild-type plants and had little effect on Cd levels in the IRT1-knockout mutants irt1-1 and irt1-2. In summary, we conclude that B. subtilis and A. brasilense can reduce Cd levels in plants via an IRT1-dependent ABA-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Qi Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Wanlei Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Cainan Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Bixiu Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Shaoting Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
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