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Ghiasi SE, Gheibipour M, Motamedi H, Dar MA. Screening and evaluation of the ruminal cellulolytic bacteria and their potential application as probiotics. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 16:389-400. [PMID: 39005608 PMCID: PMC11245342 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i3.15796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Rumen microbiologists are looking for new probiotics to improve the digestibility of livestock diets. This study intended to screen and evaluate the ruminal cellulolytic bacteria (CBs) and their potential application as probiotics. Materials and Methods Microbial culture and molecular techniques performed to isolate CBs from the rumen of camels, deer and rams. Their antibacterial and antibiogram tests were done using disc diffusion method. Their potential to degrade cellulose, starch, tannin and protein were investigated using clear zone halo, and spectrophotometric techniques. Bilious, saline, and acidic broth media were used to study the resistance of isolates in intestinal conditions. Results The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strains belonged to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla, Citrobacter murliniae, Ornithinibacillus bavariensis, C. braakii, and Bacillus subtilis. The highest cellulase (CAS) activity was recorded by C. murliniae Dez wildlife13A (2.98 UmL-1), whereas C. braakii Loot desert 111A (1.14 Uml-1) was produced the lowest enzyme. The isolates were highly resistant to synthetic conditions of intestine (pH 2.5-3.5, bile 0.3-2%), as well as tolerated higher concentrations of NaCl (up to 10%). They effectively inhibited standard pathogen strains, and showed sensitivity to the used antibiotics. Conclusion This study reports the cellulolytic O. bavariensis Tabbas desert 32A for the first time from the rumen, which will have potential biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Ehsan Ghiasi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
- Research Group of Environmental Stress in Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Gheibipour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Motamedi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mudasir A Dar
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
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Iradukunda Y, Kang JY, Zhao XB, Nsanzamahoro S, Fu XK, Liu J, Ding YZ, Ha W, Shi YP. A novel "Turn-on" fluorometric assays triggered reaction for β-glucosidase activity based on quercetin derived silicon nanoparticles and its potential use for cell imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1280:341880. [PMID: 37858561 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
β-Glucosidase (β-Gluco) is an enzyme that is crucial to numerous diseases, including cancer, and in sector of industries, it is used in the manufacturing of food. Measuring its enzymatic activity is critical for biomedical studies and other activities. Herein, we have developed a novel and precise fluorescent sensing method for measuring β-Gluco activity based on the production of yellow-green fluorescent quercetin-silicon nanoparticles (Q-SiNPs) produced from quercetin (QN) as a reducing agent and 3-[2-(2-aminoethyl amino) ethylamino] propyl-trimethoxy silane (AEEA) as a silane molecule. β-Gluco hydrolyzed quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (QO-β-DG) to produce QN, which was then used to produce Q-SiNPs. Reaction parameters, including temperature, time, buffer, pH, and probe concentration, were carefully tuned in this study. Subsequently, the fluorescence intensity was performed, showing good linearity (R2 = 0.989), a broad linear dynamic range between 0.5 and 12 U L-1, and a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.428 U L-1, which was proven by fluorescence measurements. Most importantly, various parameters were detected and characterized with or without β-Gluco. The designed probe was successively used to assess β-Gluco activity in human serum and moldy bread. However, the mathematical findings revealed recoveries for human serum ranging from 99.3 to 101.66% and for moldy bread from 100.11 to 102.5%. Additionally, Q-SiNPs were well suited to being incubated in vitro with L929 and SiHa living cells, and after using an Olympus microscope, imaging showed good fluorescence cell images, and their viability evinced minimal cytotoxicity of 77% for L929 and 88% for SiHa. The developed fluorescence biosensor showed promise for general use in diagnostic tests. Therefore, due to this outstanding sensing modality, we anticipate that this research can provide a novel schematic project for creating simple nanostructures with a suitable plan and a green synthetic option for enzyme activity and cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Iradukunda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing-Yan Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Stanislas Nsanzamahoro
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Kang Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhu Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Wei Ha
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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Yao B, Zhao J, Ding S, Giel MC, Zhang G, Ding D, Tang Y, Weng ZH, Hong Y. A novel red-emitting aggregation-induced emission probe for determination of β-glucosidase activity. Biomaterials 2023; 295:122046. [PMID: 36804661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
β-Glucosidase (β-Glu) is a ubiquitous enzyme which has multiple roles in medical diagnosis, food production, agriculture, etc. Existing β-Glu assays have limitations such as complex operation, long running time, and high background noise. Here we report a red-emissive probe TBPG for measuring the activity of β-Glu. The probe was synthesized through conjugating a β-Glu targeting glucoside to an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore. In the presence of β-Glu, TBPG was hydrolyzed and exhibited a fluorescence turn-on process. The detection conditions including time, temperature, pH value, buffer, and probe concentration were optimized systematically. Afterwards, fluorescence titration was conducted showing an excellent linearity (R2 = 0.998), a wide linear dynamic range (0-5.0 U/mL), and a limit of detection as low as 0.6 U/L. The detection specificity and ion interference were evaluated by adding various biological species and ions to probe without or with β-Glu. Next, we demonstrate the applicability of probe TBPG in determining the β-Glu activity in living cells using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Finally, this newly established assay was applied to real soil samples. Comparable results were obtained as the commercial assay, manifesting its great potential in soil enzyme analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Jiamin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Siyang Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Marie-Claire Giel
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Youhong Tang
- Australia-China Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Zhe H Weng
- Department of Animal, Plants & Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 Australia; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Yuning Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia.
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Determination of β-glucosidase activity using single-particle enumeration with Au@CeO2 nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:480. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang WY, Tian T, Peng LJ, Zhou HY, Zhang H, Chen H, Yang FQ. A Paper-Based Analytical Device Integrated with Smartphone: Fluorescent and Colorimetric Dual-Mode Detection of β-Glucosidase Activity. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:893. [PMID: 36291030 PMCID: PMC9599113 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, indoxyl-glucoside was used as the substrate to develop a cost-effective, paper-based analytical device for the fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode detection of β-glucosidase activity through a smartphone. The β-glucosidase can hydrolyze the colorless substrate indoxyl-glucoside to release indoxyl, which will be self-oxidized to generate green products in the presence of oxygen. Meanwhile, the green products emit bright blue-green fluorescence under ultraviolet-visible light irradiation at 365 nm. Fluorescent or colorimetric images were obtained by a smartphone, and the red-green-blue channels were analyzed by the Adobe Photoshop to quantify the β-glucosidase activity. Under the optimum conditions, the relative fluorescent and colorimetric signals have a good linear relationship with the activity of β-glucosidase, in the range of 0.01-1.00 U/mL and 0.25-5.00 U/mL, and the limits of detection are 0.005 U/mL and 0.0668 U/mL, respectively. The activities of β-glucosidase in a crude almond sample measured by the fluorescent and colorimetric methods were 23.62 ± 0.53 U/mL and 23.86 ± 0.25 U/mL, respectively. In addition, the spiked recoveries of normal human serum and crude almond samples were between 87.5% and 118.0%. In short, the paper-based device, combined with a smartphone, can provide a simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost method for the fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode detection of β-glucosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Tao Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Li-Jing Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Study on the effects of environmental factors on enzyme activities during growth of Hypsizygus marmoreus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268107. [PMID: 36044469 PMCID: PMC9432767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity of Hypsizygus marmoreus to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination and CO2 concentration varies greatly in different growth stages. In this paper, the effects of various environmental factors on the growth and development of H. marmoreus were investigated by measuring the enzyme activities of H. marmoreus at different growth stages under different microenvironment conditions in the mushroom room, so as to confirm the influence mechanism of environmental factors on the growth of H. marmoreus. The results showed that at budding stage xylanase and laccase were found significantly positively correlated with CO2 concentration and light intensity, and dramatically negatively correlated with humidity while carboxymethyl cellulose and manganese peroxidase were markedly positively correlated with humidity, and significantly negatively correlated with CO2 concentration and light intensity. On the other hand, in mature fruit bodies xylanase activity was found significantly positively correlated with CO2 concentration and light intensity, and dramatically negatively correlated with humidity while manganese peroxidase activities were found significantly positively correlated with humidity, and dramatically negatively correlated with light intensity. The activity of β-glucosidase in budding and mature fruiting bodies was markedly negatively correlated with CO2 concentration and significantly positively correlated with humidity.
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Morsby J, Thimes RL, Olson JE, McGarraugh HH, Payne JN, Camden JP, Smith BD. Enzyme Sensing Using 2-Mercaptopyridine-Carbonitrile Reporters and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6419-6426. [PMID: 35224403 PMCID: PMC8867545 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high sensitivity and functional group selectivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) make it an attractive method for enzyme sensing, but there is currently a severe lack of enzyme substrates that release SERS reporter molecules with favorable detection properties. We find that 2-mercaptopyridine-3-carbonitrile ( o-MPN) and 2-mercaptopyridine-5-carbonitrile ( p-MPN) are highly effective as SERS reporter molecules that can be captured by silver or gold nanoparticles to give intense SERS spectra, each with a distinctive nitrile peak at 2230 cm-1. p-MPN is a more sensitive reporter and can be detected at low nanomolar concentrations. An assay validation study synthesized two novel substrate molecules, Glc-o-MPN and Glc-p-MPN, and showed that they can be cleaved efficiently by β-glucosidase (K m = 228 and 162 μM, respectively), an enzyme with broad industrial and biomedical utility. Moreover, SERS detection of the released reporters ( o-MPN or p-MPN) enabled sensing of β-glucosidase activity and β-glucosidase inhibition. Comparative experiments using a crude almond flour extract showed that the presence of β-glucosidase activity could be confirmed by SERS detection in a much shorter time period (>10 time shorter) than by UV-vis absorption detection. It is likely that a wide range of enzyme assays and diagnostic tests can be developed using 2-mercaptopyridine-carbonitriles as SERS reporter molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeala
J. Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Rebekah L. Thimes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jacob E. Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Hannah H. McGarraugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jason N. Payne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jon P. Camden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
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Kumar Gupta A, Pratim Sahu P, Mishra P. Ultrasound aided debittering of bitter variety of citrus fruit juice: Effect on chemical, volatile profile and antioxidative potential. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 81:105839. [PMID: 34871912 PMCID: PMC8649891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, sonication assisted debittering of pomelo fruit juice was carried out and the effect of sonication along with resin/enzyme on the chemical, phytochemical and volatile composition of juice was also investigated. The optimum conditions for sonication coupled debittering using resin were 50 kHz, 2 min, and 45 ℃ while 50 kHz, 60 min, and 60 ℃ were obtained for enzyme hydrolysis. Sonication treatment not only reduced the debittering time but also enhanced the adsorption and hydrolysis of naringin by 17% and 20% in resin and enzyme respectively. In addition, enzymatic activity was also improved and weakened C-O bonds in naringin. At the same time, sonication significantly affected the bioactive compounds of juice, chemical composition, and volatile compounds of juice. Flavor compounds including octanal, linalool, citral, and ethyl butyrate were enhanced by sonication-assisted enzymatic treated juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Partha Pratim Sahu
- Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Poonam Mishra
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India.
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