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Huang HL, Chang TS, Canseco LM, Wu F, Lu SN. Role of reimbursement and Physicians' awareness in the survival of sorafenib-eligible advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:589-598. [PMID: 38695728 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2008, sorafenib became the first approved systemic therapeutic agent for advanced HCC. Although its pharmacological efficacy has been established, reimbursement for such a new, high-cost drug, as well as physicians' awareness and prescription practice, likewise contribute to its clinical effectiveness. We therefore conducted a retrospective study using 38 sorafenib-eligible, advanced HCC patients when sorafenib was approved but not yet reimbursed as a control and 216 patients during the reimbursed era. Study group showed longer survival at 8.2 months versus the control's 4.9 months (p = 0.0063 hazard ratio: 0.612 [0.431 ~ 0.868], p = 0.0059). Among the 42 (19.4%) patients who survived more than 2 years, 50% had tumor rupture, and all 32 patients with portal vein tumor thrombus and/or extrahepatic metastasis received sorafenib (p = 0.003). Furthermore, during their first 2 years of HCC management, sorafenib had been given in 29.1% of the treatment courses among survivors between 2 and 5 years while it was prescribed in 55.8% among the more than 5 years survivor group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, survival of sorafenib-eligible HCC patients significantly improved after reimbursement. Patients who underwent longer sorafenib treatment had a survival advantage, except for those with tumor rupture. Reimbursement and awareness of prescriptions for a newly introduced medication therefore improve clinical effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Huang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Management Information Systems, National Chung Cheng University Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lariza Marie Canseco
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, De Los Santos Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Management Information Systems, National Chung Cheng University Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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2
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Lin W, Lu L, Zheng R, Yuan S, Li S, Ling Y, Wei W, Guo R. Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters: a novel efficacy predictor of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:17231-17239. [PMID: 37801135 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) is a novel vascular pattern structurally and functionally distinct from microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to explore the prognostic value of VETC in patients receiving hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for unresectable HCC. METHODS From January 2016 to December 2017, 145 patients receiving HAIC as the initial treatment for unresectable HCC were enrolled and stratified into two groups according to their VETC status. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) were evaluated. RESULTS The patients were divided into two groups: VETC+ (n = 31, 21.8%) and VETC- (n = 114, 78.2%). The patients in the VETC+ group had worse ORR and DCR than those in the VETC- group (RECIST: ORR: 25.8% vs. 47.4%, P = 0.031; DCR: 56.1% vs. 76.3%, P = 0.007; mRECIST: ORR: 41.0% vs. 52.6%, P = 0.008; DCR: 56.1% vs. 76.3%, P = 0.007). Patients with VETC+ had significantly shorter OS and PFS than those with VETC- (median OS: 10.2 vs. 21.6 months, P < 0.001; median PFS: 3.3 vs. 7.2 months, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed VETC status as an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.46-3.94; P = 0.001) and PFS (HR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.20-3.22; P = 0.007). CONCLUSION VETC status correlates remarkably well with the tumor response and long-term survival in patients undergoing HAIC. It may be a promising efficacy predictor and help identify patients who will benefit from HAIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lianghe Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rongliang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Yuan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yihong Ling
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Zhang Y, Shen H, Zheng R, Sun Y, Xie X, Lu MD, Liu B, Huang G. Development and Assessment of Nomogram Based on AFP Response for Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5131. [PMID: 37958306 PMCID: PMC10647527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been increasingly used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Prognostic biomarkers are an unmet need. We aimed to develop a prognostic nomogram for patients with unresectable HCC receiving ICIs therapy. METHODS A total of 120 patients with unresectable HCC receiving ICIs treatment were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into a training set (n = 84) and a validation set (n = 36) in a 7:3 ratio. Clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Serum α-fetoprotein protein (AFP) response was defined as a decline of ≥20% in AFP levels within the initial eight weeks of treatment. Univariable and multivariable Cox analyses were used to select relevant variables and construct the nomogram. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to determine the performance of the model. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test was used to compare different risk groups. RESULTS The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.7 months. In the multivariate Cox analysis, the presence of extrahepatic metastasis (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-4.27, p < 0.05), white blood cell count (HR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.02-11.88, p < 0.05) and AFP response (HR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18-0.95, p < 0.05) independently predicted PFS. A nomogram for PFS was established with AUCs of 0.79 and 0.70 in the training and validation sets, respectively. The median PFS of the high- and low-risk subgroups was 3.5 and 11.7 months, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The nomogram could predict PFS in patients with unresectable HCC receiving ICIs treatment and further help decision making in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
| | - Hui Shen
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
| | - Ruiying Zheng
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
| | - Yueting Sun
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
| | - Ming-De Lu
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Baoxian Liu
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
| | - Guangliang Huang
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (M.-D.L.)
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangxi Hospital Division, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Nanning 530022, China
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Foy V, McNamara MG, Valle JW, Lamarca A, Edeline J, Hubner RA. Current Evidence for Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:8665-8685. [PMID: 37754543 PMCID: PMC10529518 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30090628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of advanced unresectable HCC (aHCC) remains a clinical challenge, with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. The results of IMbrave150 and HIMALAYA have changed the treatment paradigm for HCC and established immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), either combined with anti-angiogenic therapy or dual ICI, as preferred first-line therapy for eligible patients with aHCC. Numerous other combination regimens involving ICI are under investigation with the aim of improving the tumour response and survival of patients with all stages of HCC. This review will explore the current evidence for ICI in patients with advanced HCC and discuss future directions, including the unmet clinical need for predictive biomarkers to facilitate patient selection, the effects of cirrhosis aetiology on response to ICI, and the safety of its use in patients with impaired liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Foy
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Mairéad G. McNamara
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Juan W. Valle
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Oncology, OncoHealth Institute, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida de los Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julien Edeline
- Centre Eugène Marquis, Av. de la Bataille Flandres Dunkerque-CS 44229, CEDEX, 35042 Rennes, France;
| | - Richard A. Hubner
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Yadav S. Advanced therapeutics avenues in hepatocellular carcinoma: a novel paradigm. Med Oncol 2023; 40:239. [PMID: 37442842 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer, and it poses a significant risk to patients health and longevity due to its high morbidity and fatality rates. Surgical ablation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and, most recently, immunotherapy have all been investigated for HCC, but none have yielded the desired outcomes. Several unique nanocarrier drug delivery techniques have been studied for their potential therapeutic implications in the treatment of HCC. Nanoparticle-based imaging could be effective for more accurate HCC diagnosis. Since its inception, nanomedicine has significantly transformed the approach to both the treatment and diagnostics of liver cancer. Nanoparticles (NPs) are being studied as a potential treatment for liver cancer because of their ability to carry small substances, such as treatment with chemotherapy, microRNA, and therapeutic genes. The primary focus of this study is on the most current discoveries and practical uses of nanomedicine-based diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for liver cancer. In this section, we had gone over what we know about metabolic dysfunction in HCC and the treatment options that attempt to fix it by targeting metabolic pathways. Furthermore, we propose a multi-target metabolic strategy as a viable HCC treatment option. Based on the findings given here, the scientists believe that smart nanomaterials have great promise for improving cancer theranostics and opening up new avenues for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Plot No.2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddhnagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.
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Gong H, Ong SC, Li F, Weng Z, Zhao K, Jiang Z. Cost-effectiveness analysis of sorafenib, lenvatinib, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and sintilimab plus bevacizumab for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in China. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2023; 21:20. [PMID: 37004046 PMCID: PMC10064722 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-023-00435-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, especially in China. According to the 2021 Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines, sorafenib, lenvatinib, atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab, and sintilimab combined with bevacizumab are recommended as first-line treatment options for advanced HCC. This study provides a cost-effectiveness analysis of these treatments from the patient perspective. METHODS A partitioned survival model was established using the TreeAge 2019 software to evaluate the cost-effectiveness. The model includes three states, namely progression-free survival, progressive disease, and death. Clinical data were derived from three randomized controlled studies involving patients with advanced HCC who received the following treatment: sorafenib and lenvatinib (NCT01761266); atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab (NCT03434379); and sintilimab in combination with bevacizumab (NCT03794440). Cost and clinical preference data were obtained from the literature and interviews with clinicians. RESULTS All compared with sorafenib therapy, lenvatinib had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of US$188,625.25 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained; sintilimab plus bevacizumab had an ICER of US$75,150.32 per QALY gained; and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab had an ICER of US$144,513.71 per QALY gained. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated that treatment with sorafenib achieved a 100% probability of cost-effectiveness at a threshold of US$36,600/QALY. One-way sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were most sensitive to the medical insurance reimbursement ratio and drug prices. CONCLUSIONS In this economic evaluation, therapy with lenvatinib, sintilimab plus bevacizumab, and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab generated incremental QALYs compared with sorafenib; however, these regimens were not cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$36,600 per QALY. Therefore, some patients may achieve preferred economic outcomes from these three therapies by tailoring the regimen based on individual patient factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia
- Incubation Center for Scientific and Technological Achievements, Kunming Medical University, Chunrong West Road 1168, Kunming City, China
| | - Siew Chin Ong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Fan Li
- Incubation Center for Scientific and Technological Achievements, Kunming Medical University, Chunrong West Road 1168, Kunming City, China
- Yunnan Drug Policy Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiying Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science &Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Chunrong West Road 1168, Kunming City, China
| | - Keying Zhao
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Chunrong West Road 1168, Kunming City, China
| | - Zhengyou Jiang
- School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang City, Penang, Malaysia
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Yuan G, Liu Z, Wang W, Liu M, Xu Y, Hu W, Fan Y, Zhang X, Liu Y, Si G. Multifunctional nanoplatforms application in the transcatheter chemoembolization against hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:68. [PMID: 36849981 PMCID: PMC9969656 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the sixth-highest new incidence and fourth-highest mortality worldwide. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the primary treatment strategies for unresectable HCC. However, the therapeutic effect is still unsatisfactory due to the insufficient distribution of antineoplastic drugs in tumor tissues and the worsened post-embolization tumor microenvironment (TME, e.g., hypoxia and reduced pH). Recently, using nanomaterials as a drug delivery platform for TACE therapy of HCC has been a research hotspot. With the development of nanotechnology, multifunctional nanoplatforms have been developed to embolize the tumor vasculature, creating conditions for improving the distribution and bioavailability of drugs in tumor tissues. Currently, the researchers are focusing on functionalizing nanomaterials to achieve high drug loading efficacy, thorough vascular embolization, tumor targeting, controlled sustained release of drugs, and real-time imaging in the TACE process to facilitate precise embolization and enable therapeutic procedures follow-up imaging of tumor lesions. Herein, we summarized the recent advances and applications of functionalized nanomaterials based on TACE against HCC, believing that developing these functionalized nanoplatforms may be a promising approach for improving the TACE therapeutic effect of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yuan
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Department of Intervention Radiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China ,grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Zhiyin Liu
- grid.488387.8Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China
| | - Weiming Wang
- grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR China ,grid.488387.8Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR China ,grid.488387.8National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanneng Xu
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Department of Intervention Radiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China ,grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Wei Hu
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Department of Intervention Radiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China ,grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Yao Fan
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China
| | - Xun Zhang
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Department of Intervention Radiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Guangyan Si
- Department of Intervention Radiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Wang CI, Chu PM, Chen YL, Lin YH, Chen CY. Chemotherapeutic Drug-Regulated Cytokines Might Influence Therapeutic Efficacy in HCC. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413627. [PMID: 34948424 PMCID: PMC8707970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Processes involved in HCC progression and development, including cell transformation, proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, are inflammation-associated carcinogenic processes because most cases of HCC develop from chronic liver damage and inflammation. Inflammation has been demonstrated to be a crucial factor inducing tumor development in various cancers, including HCC. Cytokines play critical roles in inflammation to accelerate tumor invasion and metastasis by mediating the migration of immune cells into damaged tissues in response to proinflammatory stimuli. Currently, surgical resection followed by chemotherapy is the most common curative therapeutic regimen for HCC. However, after chemotherapy, drug resistance is clearly observed, and cytokine secretion is dysregulated. Various chemotherapeutic agents, including cisplatin, etoposide, and 5-fluorouracil, demonstrate even lower efficacy in HCC than in other cancers. Tumor resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is the key limitation of curative treatment and is responsible for treatment failure and recurrence, thus limiting the ability to treat patients with advanced HCC. Therefore, the capability to counteract drug resistance would be a major clinical advancement. In this review, we provide an overview of links between chemotherapeutic agents and inflammatory cytokine secretion in HCC. These links might provide insight into overcoming inflammatory reactions and cytokine secretion, ultimately counteracting chemotherapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-I Wang
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Li Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-6-2353535 (ext. 5329)
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Samant H, Amiri HS, Zibari GB. Addressing the worldwide hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, prevention and management. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:S361-S373. [PMID: 34422400 PMCID: PMC8343080 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2020.02.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world with rising incidence. Globally, there has been substantial variation in prevalence of risk factors for HCC over years, like control of viral hepatitis in developing countries but growing epidemic of fatty liver disease in developed world. Changing epidemiology of HCC is related to trends in these risk factors. HCC remains asymptomatic until it is very advanced which makes early detection by surveillance important in reducing HCC related mortality. Management of HCC. depends on stage of the tumor and severity of underlying liver disease. At present, resection and transplant are still the best curative options for small HCC, but recent advances in locoregional therapy and molecular targeted systemic therapy has changed the management for HCC at intermediate and advanced stages. This review is overview of global epidemiology, prevention, surveillance and emerging therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Samant
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, LSU Health Science Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Hosein Shokouh Amiri
- John C McDonald Transplant Center, Willis Knighton Health System, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Gazi B. Zibari
- John C McDonald Transplant Center, Willis Knighton Health System, Shreveport, LA, USA
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10
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In Vitro Study of Two Edible Polygonoideae Plants: Phenolic Profile, Cytotoxicity, and Modulation of Keap1-Nrf2 Gene Expression. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040811. [PMID: 33918566 PMCID: PMC8070220 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonum aviculare and Persicaria amphibia (subfam. Polygonoideae) are used in traditional cuisines and folk medicine in various cultures. Previous studies indicated that phytochemicals obtained from Polygonoideae plants could sensitize chemoresistant cancer cells and enhance the efficacy of some cytostatics. Here, the cytotoxic properties of chemically characterized ethanol extracts obtained from P. aviculare and P. amphibia, individually and in combination with doxorubicin (D), were determined against hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. Phenolic composition, cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 were examined by following methods: LC-MS/MS, LC-DAD-MS, MTT, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR. Extracts were rich in dietary polyphenolics. Synergistic cytotoxicity was detected for extracts combined with D. The observed synergisms are linked to the interference with apoptosis, cell cycle, and expression of Keap1-Nrf2 genes involved in cytoprotection. The combined approach of extracts and D could emerge as a potential pathway of chemotherapy improvement.
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11
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Biphenylurea/thiourea derivatives tagged with heteroarylsulfonamide motifs as novel VEGFR2 inhibitors; Design, synthesis and anti-angiogenic activity. Bioorg Chem 2021; 107:104640. [PMID: 33485105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenesis targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) has emerged as a vital tool for cancer treatment. In this study, a new series of biphenylurea/thiourea derivatives tagged with heteroarylsulfonamide motifs (3a-l) was designed and synthesized as novel VEGFR2 inhibitors. The biochemical profiles of the target compounds were investigated using viability of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), migration assay and Western blot using sorafenib as reference antiangiogenic drug. Most of the tested compounds exhibited significant antiproliferative activity against HUVECs, where compounds 3a, 3e, 3g, 3h and 3l exhibited better antiproliferative activity than sorafenib. All compounds significantly inhibited VEGF stimulated migration of HUVECs at 10 µM dose with (3a, 3e, 3g, 3h and 3l) showing better or comparable inhibitory activities to that of sorafenib. Moreover, Western blotting analysis confirmed antiangiogenic effect of those compounds with significant reduction in the level of VEGFR-2 compared to sorafenib. Finally, cytotoxicity screening of these derivatives against four cancer cells and RPE1 as normal cell line was performed. The mechanistic effectiveness in cell cycle progression and apoptotic induction were evaluated for the promising compound 3e due to its remarkable cytotoxic activity against tested cancer cell lines and significant VEGFR-2 inhibition. Flow cytometric analysis showed that compound 3e induced cell growth arrest at G2/M phase and stimulated the apoptotic death of HepG2 cells.
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12
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Lee DW, Cho EJ, Lee JH, Yu SJ, Kim YJ, Yoon JH, Kim TY, Han SW, Oh DY, Im SA, Kim TY, Lee Y, Kim H, Lee KH. Phase II Study of Avelumab in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Previously Treated with Sorafenib. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:713-718. [PMID: 33139266 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the efficacy and safety of avelumab, an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody, in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma previously treated with sorafenib (NCT03389126). PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a single-arm, single center, phase II trial. Patients with Child-Pugh A score who had at least one measurable lesion were enrolled. Intravenous avelumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks was given until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) according to RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. RESULTS A total of 30 patients were enrolled. After a median follow-up of 13.9 months, 27 progression events and 20 death events occurred. There was no complete response, three (10.0%) partial responses, and 19 patients (63.3%) with stable disease. ORR was 10.0% and DCR was 73.3%. The median TTP and OS was 4.4 and 14.2 months, respectively. PD-L1 expression did not affect avelumab response. Prior duration of sorafenib treatment, when dichotomized by the median 2.7 months, was associated with treatment outcome. TTP (6.5 vs. 1.8 months, P = 0.007) and OS (19.0 vs. 7.8 months, P = 0.006) were superior in patients with longer sorafenib duration. There was tendency of higher ORR (20.0% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.22) in those with longer sorafenib duration. Avelumab was well tolerated with seven grade 3 adverse events and no grade 4 adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Avelumab showed moderate efficacy and was well tolerated in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma previously treated with sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae-Won Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Youn Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-You Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngeun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeryoung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Frizziero M, McNamara MG, Lamarca A, Pihlak R, Kurup R, Hubner RA. Current Translational and Clinical Challenges in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4789-4805. [PMID: 32321391 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200422143847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent and increasing cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide. Reversing this trend is complicated by the varied aetiological factors leading to liver cirrhosis resulting in molecular genetic and clinical heterogeneity, combined with frequent presentation at advanced stage. Large-scale genomic studies have identified alterations in key signalling pathways for HCC development and progression, but these findings have not yet directly influenced patient management in the clinical setting. Despite these translational challenges, a small number of anti-angiogenic systemic therapy agents have succeeded in recent randomized trials enriching the repertoire of available treatments for advanced HCC. In addition, the early promise of immune checkpoint inhibition is now on the cusp of delivering changes to standard systemic therapy algorithms. This review focuses on recent translational and clinical developments that have advanced. current practice and explores the challenges encountered in attempting to improve the outcomes and experience of patients diagnosed with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Frizziero
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Mairéad G McNamara
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Rille Pihlak
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Roopa Kurup
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A Hubner
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
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14
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Frizziero M, McNamara MG, Lamarca A, Pihlak R, Kurup R, Hubner RA. Current Translational and Clinical Challenges in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Med Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.10.2174/0929867327666200422143847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent and increasing cause of cancerrelated
deaths worldwide. Reversing this trend is complicated by the varied aetiological factors
leading to liver cirrhosis resulting in molecular genetic and clinical heterogeneity, combined
with frequent presentation at advanced stage. Large-scale genomic studies have identified
alterations in key signalling pathways for HCC development and progression, but these
findings have not yet directly influenced patient management in the clinical setting. Despite
these translational challenges, a small number of anti-angiogenic systemic therapy agents
have succeeded in recent randomized trials enriching the repertoire of available treatments for
advanced HCC. In addition, the early promise of immune checkpoint inhibition is now on the
cusp of delivering changes to standard systemic therapy algorithms. This review focuses on
recent translational and clinical developments that have advanced current practice and explores
the challenges encountered in attempting to improve the outcomes and experience of
patients diagnosed with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Frizziero
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Mairéad G. McNamara
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Rille Pihlak
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Roopa Kurup
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Hubner
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
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15
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Ng KTP, Yeung OWH, Liu J, Li CX, Liu H, Liu XB, Qi X, Ma YY, Lam YF, Lau MY, Qiu WQ, Shiu HC, Lai MK, Lo CM, Man K. Clinical significance and functional role of transmembrane protein 47 (TMEM47) in chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:956-966. [PMID: 32945373 PMCID: PMC7473756 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the main cause of chemotherapy failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The gene encoding transmembrane protein 47 (TMEM47) was previously identified to be significantly upregulated in HCC cell lines with acquired chemoresistance. The aim of the present study was to characterize the clinical significance and function of TMEM47 in HCC chemoresistance. The results demonstrated that the TMEM47 expression levels in the tumors of patients not responding to cisplatin-based transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment was significantly higher compared with those in patients who responded to TACE treatment. Moreover, analyses from clinical samples and HCC cell lines indicated that TMEM47 expression may be upregulated in HCC in response to cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, the TMEM47 mRNA expression levels were positively correlated with the degree of cisplatin resistance of HCC cells. Overexpression of TMEM47 in HCC cells significantly promoted cisplatin resistance. The present study also demonstrated that targeted inhibition of TMEM47 could significantly reduce cisplatin resistance of cisplatin-resistant HCC cells via enhancing caspase-mediated apoptosis. In addition, targeted inhibition of TMEM47 enhanced the sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant cells to cisplatin via suppressing cisplatin-induced activation of the genes involved in drug efflux and metabolism. The present study also validated that TMEM47 expression was significantly correlated with multi-drug resistance-associated protein 1 in patients with HCC who received TACE treatment. In conclusion, the findings of the present study demonstrated that TMEM47 may be a useful biomarker for predicting the response to chemotherapy and a potential therapeutic target for overcoming HCC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tak-Pan Ng
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Oscar Wai-Ho Yeung
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chang Xian Li
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Bing Liu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Qi
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yuen Yuen Ma
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yin Fan Lam
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Matthew Yh Lau
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Wen Qi Qiu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Hoi Chung Shiu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Man Kit Lai
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital and LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
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16
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Martin SP, Fako V, Dang H, Dominguez DA, Khatib S, Ma L, Wang H, Zheng W, Wang XW. PKM2 inhibition may reverse therapeutic resistance to transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:99. [PMID: 32487192 PMCID: PMC7268641 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic options for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an interventional procedure used to deliver chemotherapy and embolizing agents directly to the tumor and is the procedure of choice for patients with intermediate stage HCC. While effective, more than 40% of patients do not respond to therapy, highlighting the need to investigate possible mechanisms of resistance. We sought to evaluate mechanisms of TACE resistance and evaluate a potential therapeutic target to overcome this resistance. METHODS Using a prognostic gene signature which predicts TACE response (TACE Navigator) in a cohort of HCC patients who received TACE, patients were classified as responders and non-responders. Transcriptomic and gene pathway analysis were used to identify potential drivers of TACE resistance. Knockdown of the gene encoding rate limiting enzyme PKM2 using shRNA in HCC cell lines, as well as pharmacologic inhibition of PKM2 with shikonin using an in vitro TACE model measured response to chemotherapy under hypoxia. Finally, we replicated the TACE model with shikonin using patient derived cell line organoids (PDC). Functional studies were performed in vitro using immunoblotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, glycolysis and hypoxia assays. RESULTS In patient non-responders, we identified enrichment of the glycolysis pathway, specifically of the gene encoding the rate-limiting enzyme PKM2. We identified four HCC cell lines which recapitulated a TACE responder-like and non-responder-like phenotype. PKM2 knockdown in HCC cell lines demonstrated a less proliferative and aggressive phenotype as well as improved drug sensitivity to both doxorubicin and cisplatin. In vitro TACE model demonstrated that TACE non-responder-like cells overcame therapeutic resistance and rendered them susceptible to therapy through PKM2 knockdown. Lastly, we obtained similar results using a pharmacologic PKM2 inhibitor, shikonin in both cell lines, and PDC organoids. CONCLUSION Elevated PKM2 is associated with treatment resistance and abbreviated survival in patients receiving TACE. Elevated PKM2 in vitro is associated with increased utilization of the glycolysis pathway, resulting in oxygen independent cell metabolism. Through PKM2 knockdown as well as with pharmacologic inhibition with shikonin, non-responder cells can be reprogrammed to act as responders and could improve TACE efficacy in patients.
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MESH Headings
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Carrier Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/methods
- Cohort Studies
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glycolysis
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Membrane Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Survival Rate
- Thyroid Hormones/genetics
- Thyroid Hormones/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Martin
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Valerie Fako
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hien Dang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dana A Dominguez
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Subreen Khatib
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lichun Ma
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Pre-Clinical Innovation, Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4258, Building 37, Room 3044A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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17
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Qiu C, Liu K, Zhang S, Gao S, Chen W, Li D, Huang Y. Bisdemethoxycurcumin Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation Through Akt Inactivation via CYLD-Mediated Deubiquitination. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:993-1001. [PMID: 32184568 PMCID: PMC7062405 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s231814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a stable bioactive ingredient in curcuminoids, is associated with various antitumor functions, such as proliferation inhibition, metastasis suppression and apoptosis induction, in many cancer types. However, the mechanism of BDMC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Methods We assessed the toxicity and the inhibitory effect of BDMC in the HepG2 cell line by using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The regulatory effects of BDMC on Akt and MAPK signaling were investigated by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Results We found that the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BDMC after 48 hrs of treatment was 59.13 μM, and BDMC inhibited proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. The inhibitory effect was caused by the inactivation of Akt signaling, but not Erk, Jnk or p38 signaling. In addition, the inactivation of Akt signaling was attributed to the inhibition of ubiquitination mediated by K63-Ub but not K48-Ub. Furthermore, we found that BDMC upregulated the expression of CYLD, leading to Akt deubiquitination and inactivation. Conclusion BDMC inhibited HCC cell proliferation, and that this effect was induced by Akt inactivation via CYLD-mediated deubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjiang Qiu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kairui Liu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weirun Chen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dateng Li
- Department of Statistical Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA
| | - Youxing Huang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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18
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Böttger R, Pauli G, Chao PH, AL Fayez N, Hohenwarter L, Li SD. Lipid-based nanoparticle technologies for liver targeting. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:79-101. [PMID: 32574575 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are global health problems accounting for approximately 800 million cases and over 2 million deaths per year worldwide. Major drawbacks of standard pharmacological therapies are the inability to deliver a sufficient concentration of a therapeutic agent to the diseased liver, and nonspecific drug delivery leading to undesirable systemic side effects. Additionally, depending on the specific liver disease, drug delivery to a subset of liver cells is required. In recent years, lipid nanoparticles have been developed to passively and actively target drugs to the liver. The success of this approach has been highlighted by the FDA-approval of the first liver-targeting lipid nanoparticle, ONPATTRO, in 2018 and many other promising candidate technologies are expected to follow. This review summarizes recent developments of various lipid-based liver-targeting technologies, namely solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes and micelles, and discusses the challenges and future perspectives in this field.
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19
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Zayed Mohamed N, Aly HF, moneim El-Mezayen HA, El-Salamony HE. Effect of co-administration of Bee honey and some chemotherapeutic drugs on dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:875-888. [PMID: 31516840 PMCID: PMC6727247 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative and complimentary usage of the natural compound has raised hopes of finding curative options for liver hepatocarcinogenesis. In the present study, the curative effect of bee honey against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (50 mg/kg) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (2 mg/Kg)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in male rats in the presence or absence of some chemotherapeutic drugs, Cisplatin (Cis), Cyclophosphamide (CY) and 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) were investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that treatment with DEN/CCl4 caused oxidative stress as assigned by the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and fall in glutathione (GSH) content. Meantime detraction in the antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was observed. Also, the results showed induction of inflammation as reflected by an increase in the levels of both α- fetoprotein and α- fucosidase in the liver. This was accompanied by changes in the hepatic function biomarkers which characterized by the increased levels of transaminases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-Glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) and decrease in total protein content in the serum. In conclusion, the combination of the selected drugs and bee honey may be an effective chemo- preventive and therapeutic strategy for treating DEN and CCl4-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Zayed Mohamed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan Farouk Aly
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Hadeer E. El-Salamony
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
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20
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Karacicek B, Erac Y, Tosun M. Functional consequences of enhanced expression of STIM1 and Orai1 in Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma tumor-initiating cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:751. [PMID: 31366337 PMCID: PMC6668110 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5947-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensor, stromal interaction molecule1 (STIM1) activates the plasma membrane (PM) channel Orai1 in order to mediate store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in response to ER store depletion. Enhanced expression of STIM1 in cancer tissue has been associated with poor patient prognosis. Therefore, this study investigated the functional consequences of enhanced expression of STIM1 and Orai1 in a tumor-initiating subpopulation of Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells that express epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and Prominin 1 (CD133). Methods We performed qRT-PCR, intracellular Ca2+ monitoring, protein analyses, and real-time cell proliferation assays on EpCAM(+)CD133(+) subpopulation of tumor-initiating Huh-7 HCC cells expressing high levels of STIM1 and/or Orai1. Statistical significance between the means of two groups was evaluated using unpaired Student’s t-test. Results Enhanced STIM1 expression significantly increased ER Ca2+ release and proliferation rate of EpCAM(+)CD133(+) cells. Conclusion STIM1 overexpression may facilitate cancer cell survival by increasing ER Ca2+-buffering capacity, which makes more Ca2+ available for the cytosolic events, on the other hand, possibly preventing Ca2+-dependent enzymatic activity in mitochondria whose Ca2+ uniporter requires much higher cytosolic Ca2+ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Karacicek
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Y Erac
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - M Tosun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, 35330, Izmir, Turkey.
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A Novel Drug, CC-122, Inhibits Tumor Growth in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Downregulation of an Oncogenic TCF-4 Isoform. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:1345-1356. [PMID: 31352197 PMCID: PMC6664230 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory drugs such as lenalidomide (LEN) have shown significant anti-tumor activity against hematologic malignancies and they may have similar actions on solid tumors as well. We studied the effect of a new analog of the immunomodulatory drugs (CC-122) on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explored mechanisms of anti-tumor activity by analyzing expression of a novel oncogenic T-cell factor (TCF)-4 J and its downstream gene activation. LEN and CC-122 significantly reduced the expression levels of TCF-4 J and its target genes (SPP1, AXIN2, MMP7, ASPH, CD24, ANXA1, and CAMK2N1); however, CC-122 was more potent. In a xenograft tumor model with a HAK-1A-TCF-4 J derived stable cells, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by CC-122, but not by LEN or vehicle control. The mice with HCC xenograft tumors treated with CC-122 exhibited decreased TCF-4 J expression compared to LEN and control. Furthermore, expression of TCF-4 J-responsive target genes (SPP1, AXIN2, MMP7, ASPH, JAG1, CD24, ANXA1, and CAMK2N1) was reduced by CC-122 and not by LEN or control. These results suggest that CC-122 inhibits HCC tumor growth through downregulation of the oncogenic TCF-4 J isoform.
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Zhang L, He Y, Wu X, Zhao G, Zhang K, Yang CS, Reiter RJ, Zhang J. Melatonin and (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate: Partners in Fighting Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070745. [PMID: 31331008 PMCID: PMC6678710 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated previously that melatonin attenuates hepatotoxicity triggered by high doses of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in mice. The current work investigated the influence of melatonin on the oncostatic activity of EGCG in two cancer cell lines, wherein melatonin induced an opposite response of p21. In human tongue cancer TCA8113 cells, melatonin-induced p21 and EGCG-mediated formation of quinoproteins were positively associated with the oncostatic effects of melatonin and EGCG. Melatonin-stimulated an increase in p21 which was correlated with a pronounced nuclear translocation of thioredoxin 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1, both of which are known to induce p21 via promoting p53 trans-activation. Melatonin did not influence the EGCG-mediated increase of quinoprotein formation nor did EGCG impair melatonin-induced p21 up-regulation. Co-treatment with both agents enhanced the cell-killing effect as well as the inhibitory activities against cell migration and colony formation. It is known that p21 also plays a powerful anti-apoptotic role in some cancer cells and confers these cells with a survival advantage, making it a target for therapeutic suppression. In human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, melatonin suppressed p21 along with the induction of pro-survival proteins, PI3K and COX-2. However, EGCG prevented against melatonin-induced PI3K and COX-2, and melatonin probably sensitized HepG2 cells to EGCG cytotoxicity via down-regulating p21, Moreover, COX-2 and HO-1 were significantly reduced only by the co-treatment, and melatonin aided EGCG to achieve an increased inhibition on Bcl2 and NFκB. These events occurring in the co-treatment collectively resulted in an enhanced cytotoxicity. In addition, the co-treatment also enhanced the inhibitory activities against cell migration and colony formation. Overall, the results gathered from these two cancer cell lines with a divergent p21 response to melatonin show that the various oncostatic activities of melatonin and EGCG together are more robust than each agent alone, suggesting that they may be useful partners in fighting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhang
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yufeng He
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Ximing Wu
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Guangshan Zhao
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China.
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23
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Wu X, Zhao G, He Y, Wang W, Yang CS, Zhang J. Pharmacological mechanisms of the anticancer action of sodium selenite against peritoneal cancer in mice. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104360. [PMID: 31326526 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis has an extremely poor overall prognosis and remains one of the greatest oncologic challenges. Prior studies in mice show that sodium selenite administered intraperitoneally is highly effective in inhibiting cancer cells implanted in the peritoneal cavity. However, the pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. The present study revisited the therapeutic effect of selenite and elucidated its mechanism of action. We found that intraperitoneal delivery of selenite to cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice rapidly and robustly killed the cancer cells, with a therapeutic efficacy higher than that of cisplatin. The action of selenite was associated with the following pharmacological mechanisms. 1) Favorable drug distribution: selenite increased selenium levels in the cancer cells by 250-fold, while in normal tissues only by 7-fold. 2) Optimal selenium form: selenite was converted in the cancer cells mainly into selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), which are more efficient than selenite in producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). 3) Persistent hijacking of two pro-survival systems to generate ROS: selenite did not impair thioredoxin- and glutaredoxin-coupled glutathione systems, which facilitate SeNPs to generate ROS and caused severe organelle injury and apoptotic response in the cancer cells. Overall, these mechanisms tend to maximize the potential of selenite in producing ROS in cancer cells and underlie selenite as a candidate therapeutic agent for peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Wu
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, School of Tea& Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guangshan Zhao
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, School of Tea& Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yufeng He
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, School of Tea& Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, School of Tea& Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Laboratory of Redox Biology, School of Tea& Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Xiang QF, Zhan MX, Li Y, Liang H, Hu C, Huang YM, Xiao J, He X, Xin YJ, Chen MS, Lu LG. Activation of MET promotes resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the AKT/ERK1/2-EGR1 pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:83-89. [PMID: 30663411 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1543195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that has become an established therapeutic approach in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the benefit of sorafenib in clinical therapy is often affected by drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance and to develop individualized therapeutic strategies for coping with this problem. In this study, we found that addition of HGF to sorafenib-treated HCC cells activated MET and re-stimulated the downstream AKT and ERK1/2 pathways. Thereby, restored sorafenib-treated HCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion ability, and rescued cells from apoptosis. In addition, we found that HGF treatment of HCC cells induced early growth response protein (EGR1) expression, which is involved in sorafenib resistance. Importantly, the HGF rescued effect in sorafenib-treated HCC cells could be abrogated by inhibiting MET activation with PHA-665752 or by downregulating EGR1 expression with small interfering RNA (siRNA). Therefore, inhibition of the HGF/MET pathway may improve response to sorafenib in HCC, and combination therapy should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Xiang
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of General Surgery , Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Mei-Xiao Zhan
- c Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center , Zhuhai People's Hospital , Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Yong Li
- c Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center , Zhuhai People's Hospital , Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Hui Liang
- b Department of General Surgery , Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Cong Hu
- b Department of General Surgery , Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Yao-Ming Huang
- b Department of General Surgery , Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Jing Xiao
- c Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center , Zhuhai People's Hospital , Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Xu He
- c Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center , Zhuhai People's Hospital , Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Yong-Jie Xin
- c Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center , Zhuhai People's Hospital , Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou , China
| | - Li-Gong Lu
- c Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center , Zhuhai People's Hospital , Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University , Zhuhai , China
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Long L, Xiang H, Liu J, Zhang Z, Sun L. ZEB1 mediates doxorubicin (Dox) resistance and mesenchymal characteristics of hepatocarcinoma cells. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 106:116-122. [PMID: 30615851 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The acquired chemoresistance during long term chemotherapy is one of the most important factors to limit the application of Doxorubicin (Dox) on clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Our present study found that Dox resistant HCC (HCC/Dox) cells had greater capability of in vitro migration and invasion compared to their parental cells. HCC/Dox cells exhibited mesenchymal characteristics, which was evidenced by the up regulation of fibronectin, vimentin while down regulation of E-Cadherin. Zeb1, one powerful epithelial mesenchymal transition related transcription factor (EMT-TF), was markedly upregulated in HCC/Dox cells. Targeted inhibition of Zeb1 via siRNA can suppress the cell migration and re-sensitized cells to Dox treatment. The upregulation of Zeb1 in HCC/Dox cells was due to the increasing protein and mRNA stability of Zeb1. In HCC/Dox cells, the down regulation of SIAH1 mediated the upregulation of protein stability of Zeb1, while decreased levels of miR-3129-5p was responsible for the increasing mRNA stability of Zeb1. Collectively, our data suggested that SIAH1 and miR-3129-5p induced upregulation of Zeb1 mediated the Dox resistance of HCC cells. Targeted inhibition of Zeb1 might be helpful to overcome of Dox resistance of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 61 Jiefangxi Road, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 61 Jiefangxi Road, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Jueshi Liu
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 61 Jiefangxi Road, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 61 Jiefangxi Road, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 61 Jiefangxi Road, Changsha 410005, China.
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26
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Yousef S, Alsaab HO, Sau S, Iyer AK. Development of asialoglycoprotein receptor directed nanoparticles for selective delivery of curcumin derivative to hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2018; 4:e01071. [PMID: 30603704 PMCID: PMC6305692 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular cellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most challenging liver cancer subtypes. Due to lack of cell surface biomarkers and highly metastatic nature, early detection and targeted therapy of HCC is an unmet need. Galactosamine (Gal) is among the few selective ligands used for targeting HCCs due to its high binding affinity to asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPRs) overexpressed in HCC. In the present work, we engineered nanoscale G4 polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers anchored to galactosamine and loaded with the potent anticancer curcumin derivative (CDF) as a platform for targeted drug delivery to HCC. In vivo targeting ability and bio-distribution of PAMAM-Gal were assessed via its labeling with the clinically used, highly contrast, near infrared (NIR) dye: S0456, with testing of the obtained conjugate in aggressive HCC xenograft model. Our results highlighted the targeted dendrimer PAMAM-Gal ability to achieve selective high cellular uptake via ASGPR mediated endocytosis and significantly enhance the delivery of CDF into the studied HCC cell lines. Cytotoxicity MTT assays in HCC cell lines, interestingly highlighted, the comparative high potency of CDF, where CDF was more potent as a chemotherapeutic anticancer small molecule than the currently in use Doxorubicin, Sorafenib and Cisplatin chemotherapeutic agents. In conclusion the proof-of-concept study using nanoscale PAMAM-Gal dendrimer has demonstrated its competency as an efficient delivery system for selective delivery of potent CDF for HCC anticancer therapy as well as HCC diagnosis via NIR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Yousef
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Hashem O. Alsaab
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Samaresh Sau
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Arun K. Iyer
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Molecular Imaging Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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27
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Afolabi F, Souissi W, Rivière G, Lemaitre C, Roe SM, Crickmore N, Viseux EME. Synthesis of novel heteroleptic delocalised cationic pyrazole gold complexes as potent HepG2 cytotoxic agents. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15338-15343. [PMID: 30276377 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02832j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new series of cationic gold(i) pyrazole complexes were prepared in excellent yields as their perchlorate salts. Results of cell viability assays show that these novel complexes have good cytotoxic properties against the human HepG2 cancer cell line. These complexes showed promising anti-cancer activities and to our knowledge, pyrazoles have never been tested against this cell line. The regioselectivity of the complexation is also discussed in regards to the substitution pattern of the pyrazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatai Afolabi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK.
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28
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Aspirin enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma side population cells to doxorubicin via miR-491/ABCG2. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180854. [PMID: 30120100 PMCID: PMC6239265 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore whether aspirin (ASA) enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) side population (SP) cells to doxorubicin (Doxo) via miR-491/ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2).Methods: Non-SP and SP cells were isolated from MHCC-97L cell line using flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Colony formation assay was performed to determine the colony-formation ability of cells. Cell viability of SP cells was determined with the MTT assay. Luciferase reporter assay was applied in confirming the binding between miR-491 and ABCG2.Results: Although the Doxo treatment lowered the colony-formation ability of both non-SP and SP cells, the colony-formation ability of SP cells was 2-fold higher than that of non-SP cells (P<0.05). Doxo slightly inhibited the cell viability of SP cells in a concentration-dependent manner; the addition of ASA dramatically enhanced the inhibitory effect of Doxo on SP cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with non-SP cells, the miR-491 expression was significantly decreased in SP cells, which was significantly reversed by ASA (P<0.05). miR-491 directly controlled the ABCG2 expression. In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway.
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Qin S, Kruger E, Tan SC, Cheng S, Wang N, Liang J. Cost-effectiveness analysis of FOLFOX4 and sorafenib for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in China. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2018; 16:29. [PMID: 30087583 PMCID: PMC6076412 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-018-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. In China, sorafenib and oxaliplatin plus infusional-fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOX4) are approved for the systemic treatment of advanced HCC. This study compared the cost-effectiveness of these therapies from a healthcare system perspective and a patient perspectives. Methods A Markov model was constructed using overall and progression-free survival rates and adverse event (AE) rate from two randomized controlled studies of advanced HCC patients from Asia: EACH for FOLFOX4 and ORIENTAL for sorafenib. The patients in the Markov model were followed until death, the length of each Markov cycle was 1 month, and the survival was adjusted for quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Direct medical costs included costs of therapies, AE treatment, general ward and tests. Costs were derived from published sources, interviews with oncologists and hospital data from China. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were performed to test the robustness of the results. Results From the healthcare system perspective, FOLFOX4 dominated sorafenib with lower therapy costs (FOLFOX4: US$ 6972; sorafenib: US$ 12,289), lower direct medical costs (FOLFOX4: US$ 8428; sorafenib: US$ 12,798), and higher QALYs (FOLFOX4: 0.42; sorafenib: 0.38) per patient. This result was robust according to comprehensive one-way sensitivity analyses. According to the PSA, at the cost-effectiveness threshold for China (3 × GDP, US$ 22,073), FOLFOX4 should be chosen in 63.9% of simulations. From the patient perspective, FOLFOX4 also dominated sorafenib. Conclusions The study results indicate that FOLFOX4 dominates sorafenib because it appears to provide higher effectiveness with significantly lower costs in treating Chinese advanced HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukui Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, Eight One Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Eliza Kruger
- Economics and Outcomes, Real World Evidence, IMS Health, San Francisco, USA
| | - Seng Chuen Tan
- Economics and Outcomes, Real World Evidence, IMS Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- 4Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nanya Wang
- 5Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Liang
- 6Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Peking University International Hospital, No. 1 Life Garden Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, 102206 China
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Bhatia R, Ravulapati S, Befeler A, Dombrowski J, Gadani S, Poddar N. Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bone Metastases: Incidence, Prognostic Significance, and Management-Single-Center Experience. J Gastrointest Cancer 2018; 48:321-325. [PMID: 28891006 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-017-9998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with rising incidence in the USA. Bone metastases with HCC, in particular, have an extremely poor prognosis. We present prevalence, treatment, and survival of patients with bone and more specifically spinal metastases from HCC. METHODS A retrospective analysis was done at a single tertiary care institution of patients with bone metastases from HCC between January 2005 and December 2015. RESULTS Among 1017 patients with HCC, 20 were found to have bone metastases of which 11 had spinal metastases. Seventeen (85%) were male, with median age of 58 years at time of HCC diagnosis. Systemic chemotherapy and sorafenib were used in 12 (60%) patients, and 12 (60%) received radiation therapy. Among patients who did not receive therapy, median survival was 76 days. Median survival after diagnosis of metastasis in patients on sorafenib and radiation were 106 and 100 days, respectively. CONCLUSION Bone metastases in HCC are very rare and aggressive. Due to its rarity, optimal treatment strategies are not well defined. Early diagnosis is important for optimal therapy and improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Bhatia
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3635 Vista Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sravanthi Ravulapati
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3655 Vista Avenue, 3rd Floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alex Befeler
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3635 Vista Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - John Dombrowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3635 Vista Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sameer Gadani
- Department of Radiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3635 Vista Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nishant Poddar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3655 Vista Avenue, 3rd Floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Multiscale systems pharmacological analysis of everolimus action in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 2018; 45:607-620. [PMID: 29725796 DOI: 10.1007/s10928-018-9590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of mTOR pathway is common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A translational quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP), pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) model dissecting the circuitry of this pathway was developed to predict HCC patients' response to everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. The time course of key signaling proteins in the mTOR pathway, HCC cells viability, tumor volume (TV) and everolimus plasma and tumor concentrations in xenograft mice, clinical PK of everolimus and progression free survival (PFS) in placebo and everolimus-treated patients were extracted from literature. A comprehensive and multiscale QSP/PK/PD model was developed, qualified, and translated to clinical settings. Model fittings and simulations were performed using Monolix software. The S6-kinase protein was identified as critical in the mTOR signaling pathway for describing everolimus lack of efficacy in HCC patients. The net growth rate constant (kg) of HCC cells was estimated at 0.02 h-1 (2.88%RSE). The partition coefficient of everolimus into the tumor (kp) was determined at 0.06 (12.98%RSE). The kg in patients was calculated from the doubling time of TV in naturally progressing HCC patients, and was determined at 0.004 day-1. Model-predicted and observed PFS were in good agreement for placebo and everolimus-treated patients. In conclusion, a multiscale QSP/PK/PD model elucidating everolimus lack of efficacy in HCC patients was successfully developed and predicted PFS reasonably well compared to observed clinical findings. This model may provide insights into clinical response to everolimus-based therapy and serve as a valuable tool for the clinical translation of efficacy for novel mTOR inhibitors.
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Fulminant Hepatitis in a Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Related to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Treated with Sorafenib. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe a case of acute liver failure in a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis during sorafenib treatment. A 74-year-old man with diabetes mellitus and hypertension was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with fatty liver. Three weeks after sorafenib therapy, at Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 3, he developed jaundice, general weakness, flapping tremor, nausea, and anorexia. Sorafenib was stopped: laboratory tests showed a relevant elevation of transaminases suggesting diagnosis of acute hepatitis. During hospital admission, the patient died of liver failure. Sorafenib is the first successful target therapy effective for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The most common adverse events are fatigue, hand-foot skin reaction, skin rash/desquamation, diarrhea, and hypertension, whereas liver dysfunction is uncommon. To our knowledge, this is the first patient reported in the literature with hepatocellular carcinoma related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis who died of rapid worsening of liver function during sorafenib treatment.
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33
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Lee DW, Lee KH, Kim HJ, Kim TY, Kim JS, Han SW, Oh DY, Kim JH, Im SA, Kim TY. A phase II trial of S-1 and oxaliplatin in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:252. [PMID: 29506478 PMCID: PMC5838934 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxaliplatin is a platinum derivative that has shown efficacy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. S-1 is an oral fluoropyrimidine that has substituted for 5-fluorouracil in many cancers. This was a multicenter, open-label, single-arm phase II trial that evaluated the efficacy of S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. All patients included in the present study were systemic treatment-naïve. Prior treatment with sorafenib was allowed, but other treatments were not. Methods Patients received S-1 (40 mg/m2 twice daily from day 1–14) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2 on day 1) every 3 weeks. The primary end point was time to progression (TTP). Secondary end points included progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety profile. Results Thirty six patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this study. The median TTP was 3.0 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75–5.25), and the median OS was 10.3 months (95% CI, 6.4–14.3). Bone metastasis was associated with poorer TTP and OS. The efficacy of SOX was unaffected by prior sorafenib or locoregional therapy. The objective response rate was 13.9%. No grade 4 toxicity or death from adverse events occurred. The most common grade 3 toxicities were neutropenia (13.9%), thrombocytopenia (13.9%), and diarrhea (8.3%). Conclusions Although this trial did not meet its primary end point, the SOX regimen showed comparable efficacy and safety to the 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) regimen. As the SOX regimen is easier for patients, SOX may be a reasonable substitute for FOLFOX in hepatocellular carcinoma. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01429961. Registered 7 September 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sae-Won Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Youn Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-You Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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34
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UBAP2 negatively regulates the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cell by ubiquitinating and degradating Annexin A2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:32946-55. [PMID: 27121050 PMCID: PMC5078065 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of proteins controls signaling and cellular survival. In this study, we found that ubiquitin associated protein 2 (UBAP2) was significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, higher expression of UBAP2 in cancer tissues was correlated with good prognosis in HCC patients. Knockdown of UBAP2 significantly enhanced the invasion and proliferation of HCC cells in vitro and promoted tumor growth in vivo, while enforced expression of UBAP2 impaired the aggressive ability and tumor growth of HCC cells. Mechanistically, UBAP2 formed a complex with Annexin A2 and promoted the degradation of Annexin A2 protein by ubiquitination, and then inhibited HCC progression. Collectively, UBAP2 appears as a novel marker for predicting prognosis and a therapeutic target for HCC.
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35
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Pan Z, Zhuang J, Ji C, Cai Z, Liao W, Huang Z. Curcumin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by targeting VEGF expression. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:4821-4826. [PMID: 29552121 PMCID: PMC5840714 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality owing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, has increased in recent years. Curcumin is a polyphenol compound that has been demonstrated to exert effective antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. However, its clinical effects in HCC remain elusive. The main aim of the present study was to determine the antiangiogenic effects of curcumin in HCC. H22HCC cells were treated with different concentrations of curcumin in vitro. In addition, a mouse xenograft model was used and analyzed for expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein and proteins of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT) signaling pathway. Curcumin treatment inhibited H22 cell proliferation and promoted H22 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. In addition, curcumin treatment inhibited tumor growth in vivo at the concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/kg. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly decreased VEGF expression and PI3K/AKT signaling. The present findings demonstrated that curcumin inhibited HCC proliferation in vitro and in vivo by reducing VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361026, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Zhuang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361026, P.R. China
| | - Chenghong Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361026, P.R. China
| | - Zhezhen Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361026, P.R. China
| | - Weijia Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361026, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjie Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
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36
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Park SG, Chung CH, Park CY. Colon Perforation during Sorafenib Therapy for Advanced Hepatocelluar Carcinoma. A Case Report. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:794-9. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There are no effective conventional systemic cytotoxic therapies for patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellar carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib, an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was recently approved for the treatment of patients with HCC. Sorafenib is generally well tolerated and has an acceptable toxicity profile. Gastrointestinal perforation is a rare adverse event. We present a case of transverse colon perforation during sorafenib therapy for advanced HCC. A 68-year-old woman with advanced HCC was treated with sorafenib. Eight weeks later the patient presented with the sudden onset of sharp abdominal pain. Emergency surgery was performed for panperitonitis and a perforation involving the transverse colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Gon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hemato-oncology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Choon-Hae Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hemato-oncology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chi-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hemato-oncology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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37
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Liao B, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Jiang P. Vorinostat enhances the anticancer effect of oxaliplatin on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Med 2018; 7:196-207. [PMID: 29239146 PMCID: PMC5773972 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-based systemic chemotherapy has been proposed to have efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the combination of vorinostat and oxaliplatin for possible synergism in HCC cells. SMMC7721, BEL7402, and HepG2 cells were treated with vorinostat and oxaliplatin. Cytotoxicity assay, tumorigenicity assay in vitro, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis analysis, western blot analysis, animal model study, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative PCR were performed. We found that vorinostat and oxaliplatin inhibited the proliferation of SMMC7721, BEL7402, and HepG2 cells. The combination index (CI) values were all <1, and the dose-reduction index values were all greater than 1 in the three cell lines, indicating a synergistic effect of combination of the two agents. Coadministration of vorinostat and oxaliplatin induced G2/M phase arrest, triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis, and decreased tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Vorinostat suppressed the expression of BRCA1 induced by oxaliplatin. In conclusion, cotreatment with vorinostat and oxaliplatin exhibited synergism in HCC cells. The combination inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our results predict that a combination of vorinostat and oxaliplatin may be useful in the treatment of advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Intensive Care UnitZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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38
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Ma M, Hua S, Li G, Wang S, Cheng X, He S, Wu P, Chen X. Prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 3 and asparaginyl hydroxylase factor inhibiting HIF-1 levels are predictive of tumoral behavior and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12983-13002. [PMID: 28099905 PMCID: PMC5355071 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key regulators in oxygen homeostasis. Their stabilization and activity are regulated by prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)-1, -2, -3 and factor inhibiting HIF (FIH). This study investigated the relation between these oxygen sensors and the clinical behaviors and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tissue microarray and RT-PCR analysis of tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor liver tissues revealed that mRNA and protein levels of both PHD3 and FIH were lower within tumors. The lower expression of PHD3 in tumor was associated with larger tumor size, incomplete tumor encapsulation, vascular invasion and higher Ki-67 LI (p < 0.05). The lower expression of FIH in tumor was associated with incomplete tumor encapsulation, vascular invasion, as well as higher TNM stage, BCLC stage, microvascular density and Ki-67 LI (p < 0.05). Patients with reduced expression of PHD3 or FIH had markedly shorter disease-free survival (DFS), lower overall survival (OS), or higher recurrence (p < 0.05), especially early recurrence. Patients with simultaneously reduced expression of PHD3 and FIH exhibited the least chance of forming tumor encapsulation, highest TNM stage (p < 0.0083), lowest OS and highest recurrence rate (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that a lower expression of FIH independently predicted a poor prognosis in HCC. These findings indicate that downregulation of PHD3 and FIH in HCC is associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and a poor prognosis. PHD3 and FIH may be potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Ma
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuyao Hua
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Surgery, Liyuan Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China
| | - Sumei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Songqing He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.,Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan 430030, China
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39
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Dai X, Wang L, Deivasigamni A, Looi CY, Karthikeyan C, Trivedi P, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Arfuso F, Dharmarajan A, Goh BC, Hui KM, Kumar AP, Mustafa MR, Sethi G. A novel benzimidazole derivative, MBIC inhibits tumor growth and promotes apoptosis via activation of ROS-dependent JNK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12831-12842. [PMID: 28086233 PMCID: PMC5355059 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A prior screening programme carried out using MTT assay by our group identified a series of novel benzimidazole derivatives, among which Methyl 2-(5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H- benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylate (MBIC) showed highest anticancer efficacy compared to that of chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin. In the present study, we found that MBIC inhibited cell viability in different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines without exerting significant cytotoxic effects on normal liver cells. Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry analysis and Western blotting results indicated that MBIC can induce apoptosis in HCC cells, which was found to be mediated through mitochondria associated proteins ultimately leading to the activation of caspase-3. The exposure to MBIC also resulted in remarkable impairment of HCC cell migration and invasion. In addition, treatment with MBIC led to a rapid generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and substantial activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). The depletion of ROS by N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC) partially blocked MBIC-induced apoptosis and JNK activation in HCC cells. Finally, MBIC significantly inhibited tumor growth at a dose of 25 mg/kg in an orthotopic HCC mouse model. Taken together, these results demonstrate that MBIC may inhibit cell proliferation via ROS-mediated activation of the JNK signaling cascade in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Amudha Deivasigamni
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Piyush Trivedi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, India
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia
| | - Arunasalam Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Mohd Rais Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia
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40
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Liu K, Wu X, Zang X, Huang Z, Lin Z, Tan W, Wu X, Hu W, Li B, Zhang L. TRAF4 Regulates Migration, Invasion, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via PI3K/AKT Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Oncol Res 2017; 25:1329-1340. [PMID: 28256185 PMCID: PMC7841052 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14876227286564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) has been detected in many cancer types and is considered to foster tumor progression. However, the role of TRAF4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. In this study, we found that TRAF4 was highly expressed in HCC cell lines and HCC tissues compared with normal liver cell lines and adjacent noncancerous tissues. TRAF4 overexpression in HCC tissues was correlated with tumor quantity and vascular invasion. In vitro studies showed that TRAF4 was associated with HCC cell migration and invasion. An in vivo study verified that TRAF4 overexpression facilitated metastasis in nude mice. In addition, overexpressed TRAF4 promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and induced Slug overexpression, leading to downregulated E-cadherin and upregulated vimentin, while silencing TRAF4 moderated the phosphorylation of Akt and repressed the expression of Slug, which resulted in upregulated E-cadherin and downregulated vimentin. These effects were inversed after pretreatment of the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 or overexpression of constitutively active Akt1. Our study demonstrated that TRAF4 was involved in promoting HCC cell migration and invasion. The process was induced by the EMT through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kairui Liu
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xian Zang
- †Physical Examination Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Zejian Huang
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Lin
- ‡Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Six Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenliang Tan
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wu
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenrou Hu
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Baoqi Li
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
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41
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Wang JH, Zhong XP, Zhang YF, Wu XL, Li SH, Jian PE, Ling YH, Shi M, Chen MS, Wei W, Guo RP. Cezanne predicts progression and adjuvant TACE response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3043. [PMID: 28880268 PMCID: PMC5636974 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that Cezanne could be a prognostic biomarker for survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the role of Cezanne genes in HCC cells and its response to postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in HCC patients remains unknown. In this study, Cezanne expression was detected in human HCC using real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. The function of Cezanne in HCC cells was determined by Transwell invasion assays and nude mice metastasis assay. The response of Cezanne in patients who received adjuvant TACE after hepatectomy was evaluated. Functional study demonstrated that interference of Cezanne expression promoted the migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro and boosted metastasized HCC formation in mice. Upregulation of Cezanne diminished the adhesion and migration of hepatoma cells. Further study indicated that Cezanne might inhibit invasion of HCC cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, patients with low Cezanne expression had significant improvement in prognosis after receiving adjuvant TACE. In contrast, patients with high Cezanne expression had a poorer response to adjuvant TACE. Moreover, Cezanne status was associated with response to adjuvant TACE in patients subgroup stratified by vascular invasion, tumor size and tumor number. In conclusion, Cezanne may be a novel antioncogene that has a pivotal role in the invasion of HCC and contribute to the selection of patients who may benefit from adjuvant TACE to prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hong Wang
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital &Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Fa Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shao-Hua Li
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-En Jian
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Hong Ling
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Ping Guo
- Department of Hepatobilliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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42
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Gyawali B, Prasad V. Health policy: Me-too drugs with limited benefits - the tale of regorafenib for HCC. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017; 14:653-654. [PMID: 28719584 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bishal Gyawali
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, Great Maze Pond Road, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Vinay Prasad
- Division of Hematology Oncology in the Knight Cancer Institute; at the Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; and at the Center for Health Care Ethics Oregon at the Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
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43
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Lin WR, Hsu CW, Yeh CSH, Chen YC, Chang ML, Liang KH, Lin CC, Chu YD, Yeh CT. Combinations of single nucleotide polymorphisms WWOX-rs13338697, GALNT14-rs9679162 and rs6025211 effectively stratify outcomes of chemotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2017; 14:e54-e63. [PMID: 28695683 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM A genome-wide association study (GWAS) had identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), GALNT14-rs9679162, capable of predicting chemotherapy responses in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we revisited the GWAS database to search for necessary SNPs that could improve our outcome prediction. METHODS A cohort of 116 HCC patients receiving split-dose chemotherapy composed of 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone and cisplatin was enrolled. The GALNT14-rs9679162 together with four other leading candidate SNPs (rs6025211, rs715171, LOC105369482-rs1955024 and WWOX-rs13338697) was genotyped and correlated with time-to-tumor progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS GALNT14-rs9679162-TT genotype remained an effective predictor for favorable TTP and OS (P = 0.012 and 0.002). Additionally, it was found that WWOX-rs13338697-CT genotype was associated with unfavorable TTP (P = 0.031), independent of GALNT14-rs9679162 genotype (adjusted P = 0.045), and rs6025211-CT genotype was associated with unfavorable OS (P = 0.014), independent of GALNT14-rs9679162 genotype (adjusted P = 0.025). Combinations of these SNPs stratified patients into three groups with differential treatment outcomes. Patients with GALNT14-rs9679162-TT/WWOX-rs13338697-non-CT genotypes achieved the most favorable treatment outcomes (n = 19; median TTP, median OS and response rate were 3.9 months, 6.8 months and 4/19 [21.1%], respectively); whereas patients with GALNT14-rs9679162-non-TT/rs6025211-CT genotypes associated with the most unfavorable treatment outcomes (n = 40; median TTP, median OS and response rate were 1.9 months, 3.5 months and 1/40 [2.5%], respectively). The remaining patients constituted a third subgroup with intermediate clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Three genetic variants, GALNT14-rs9679162, WWOX-rs13338697 and rs6025211, stratified advanced HCC patients into three groups with differential treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wey-Ran Lin
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Hsu
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Christopher Sung-Huan Yeh
- Department of Cognitive Science, College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yi-Cheng Chen
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Chang
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hao Liang
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chun Lin
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-De Chu
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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44
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Kim TS, Kim JH, Kim BH, Lee YS, Yoo YJ, Kang SH, Suh SJ, Jung YK, Seo YS, Yim HJ, Yeon JE, Byun KS. Complete response of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib: another case and a comprehensive review. Clin Mol Hepatol 2017. [PMID: 28633200 PMCID: PMC5760007 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2016.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since sorafenib was introduced in 2007 for treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 15 patients have achieved a complete response (CR) in advanced HCC. However, only four of these reports can be regarded as real CRs involving adequate assessments including imaging, serum tumor markers, and histologic examinations of completely resected specimens. A 54-year-old man with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC) presented to our unit. A CT scan demonstrated a 3.8-cm arterial hypervascular/portal-washout mass in the right lobe and invasion in the right portal vein. Twelve weeks after beginning sorafenib therapy, the AFP level was normalized and a CT scan showed a prominent decrease in the hepatic mass and a significant decrease in the volume of portal vein thrombosis (PVT). The patient received a right liver hemihepatectomy after 12 months. No viable tumor cells were found in the resected specimen, and there was no thrombotic obstruction of the portal vein. Twelve months later the patient showed no clinical evidence of HCC recurrence. This is the first case of CR in HCC treatment following sorafenib with histologically confirmed HCV-related HCC without LC evidence, HCC with PVT, and a follow-up of longer than 12 months. This case seems to be an extremely unusual clinical outcome in advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Baek Hui Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Jae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hee Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-June Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kul Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Seok Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Yeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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45
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Grbčić P, Tomljanović I, Klobučar M, Kraljević Pavelić S, Lučin K, Sedić M. Dual sphingosine kinase inhibitor SKI-II enhances sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via suppression of osteopontin and FAK/IGF-1R signalling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:782-788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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46
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Zheng H, Zou AE, Saad MA, Wang XQ, Kwok JG, Korrapati A, Li P, Kisseleva T, Wang-Rodriguez J, Ongkeko WM. Alcohol-dysregulated microRNAs in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178547. [PMID: 28562643 PMCID: PMC5451132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are two well-established risk factors for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, there remains a limited understanding of the molecular pathway behind the pathogenesis and progression behind HCC, and how alcohol promotes carcinogenesis in the context of HBV+ HCC. Using next-generation sequencing data from 130 HCC patients and 50 normal liver tissues, we identified a panel of microRNAs that are significantly dysregulated by alcohol consumption in HBV+ patients. In particular, two microRNAs, miR-944 and miR-223-3p, showed remarkable correlation with clinical indication and genomic alterations. We confirmed the dysregulation of these two microRNAs in liver cell lines treated by alcohol and acetaldehyde, and showed that manipulation of miR-223-3p and miR-944 expression induces significant changes in cellular proliferation, sensitivity to doxorubicin, and the expression of both direct-binding and downstream mRNA targets. Together, the results of this study suggest that alcohol consumption in HBV+ HCCs regulates microRNAs that likely play previously uncharacterized roles in the alcohol-associated carcinogenesis of HCC, and future studies of these microRNAs may be valuable for furthering the understanding and treatment of alcohol and HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Angela E. Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Maarouf A. Saad
- School of medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Xiao Qi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - James G. Kwok
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Avinaash Korrapati
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Pinxue Li
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica Wang-Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Weg M. Ongkeko
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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47
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Yu M, Han G, Qi B, Wu X. Cx32 reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in doxorubicin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2121-2128. [PMID: 28260043 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to be an important mechanism of drug resistance in numerous types of cancer cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Connexin (Cx)32 plays a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis. The present study investigated the role of Cx32 in the regulation of chemotherapy-induced EMT in HCC. We found that the expression levels of Cx32 and E-cadherin were clearly decreased in HCC tissues compared with the corresponding paracancerous tissues, while the expression level of vimentin was significantly enhanced in HCC tissues. The expression of Cx32 had a strong correlation with the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin. In an in vitro study, a doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant liver cell line HepG2/DOX was established from parental HepG2 cells. The results showed that HepG2/DOX cells acquired EMT characteristics, with a decreased expression level of E-cadherin and an enhanced expression level of vimentin, and possessed high migratory abilities and invasiveness. Meanwhile, Cx32 was significantly decreased in the HepG2/DOX cells. Knockdown of Cx32 by shRNA in HepG2 cells induced EMT, while overexpression of Cx32 converted EMT to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in the HepG2/DOX cells. These results suggest that Cx32 is an important regulator of DOX-induced EMT in HCC. Cx32 could be considered as a novel target to reverse DOX resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233004, P.R. China
| | - Guangshu Han
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, P.R. China
| | - Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233004, P.R. China
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48
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Zhang P, Dong Z, Cai J, Zhang C, Shen Z, Ke A, Gao D, Fan J, Shi G. BRD4 promotes tumor growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2017; 28:36-44. [PMID: 25816404 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015572070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins are epigenetic readers that play an important role in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. In this study, we found that BRD4, a BET family member, is significantly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the overexpression of BRD4 in cancer tissues was correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Using shRNA-mediated knockdown of BRD4 or lentivirus-mediated overexpression of BRD4 in HCC cells, we further showed that BRD4 was involved in HCC cell growth and invasion in vitro. Forced expression of BRD4 was sufficient to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes in HCC cells. Additionally, BRD4 shRNA significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation in vivo. Collectively, our study confirmed that BRD4 expression is a valuable predictor of recurrence and survival in patients with HCC. BRD4 can be further used as a potential therapeutic target of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhaoru Dong
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiabin Cai
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zaozhuo Shen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Aiwu Ke
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guoming Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
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Su CL, Tseng CL, Ramesh C, Liu HS, Huang CYF, Yao CF. Using gene expression database to uncover biology functions of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues synthesized via a copper (I)-catalyzed reaction. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:90-107. [PMID: 28342400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized bioactive 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues containing 2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-(4H)-one derivatives via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in the presence of CuI. All the reactions proceeded smoothly and afforded its desired products in excellent yields. Among these analogues, 3y exhibited a better cytotoxic effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Hep 3B cells and displayed less cytotoxicity on normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells, compared with Sorafenib, a targeted therapy for advanced HCC. 3y also induced stronger apoptosis and autophagy. Addition of curcumin enhanced 3y-induced cytotoxicity by further induction of autophagy. Using gene expression signatures of 3y to query Connectivity Map, a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor (AR-A014418) was predicted to display similar molecular action of 3y. Experiments further demonstrate that AR-A014418 acted like 3y, and vice versa. Overall, our data suggest the chemotherapeutic potential of 3y on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Su
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ling Tseng
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chintakunta Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Sheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
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50
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Wu XM, Wang JF, Ji JS, Chen MG, Song JG. Evaluation of efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1637-1643. [PMID: 28352195 PMCID: PMC5360395 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been recommended as first-line therapy for nonsurgical patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is difficult to accurately predict the efficacy of TACE. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of TACE for HCC using magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). A total of 84 HCC patients who received initial TACE were selected and assigned to the stable group (n=39) and the progressive group (n=45). Before TACE treatment, a contrast-enhanced MR scan and DWI (b=300, 600, and 800 s/mm2) were performed on all patients. The modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors were used for evaluation of tumor response. Receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to predict the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for TACE efficacy. The ADC values of HCC patients in the progressive group were higher than those in the stable group at different b-values (b=300, 600, and 800 s/mm2) before TACE treatment. The area under the curve of ADC values with b-values of 300, 600, and 800 s/mm2 were 0.693, 0.724, and 0.746; the threshold values were 1.94×10-3 mm2/s, 1.28×10-3 mm2/s, and 1.20×10-3 mm2/s; the sensitivity values were 55.6%, 77.8%, and 73.3%; and the specificity values were 82.1%, 61.5%, and 71.8%, respectively. Our findings indicate that the ADC values of MR-DWI may accurately predict the efficacy of TACE in the treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Wu
- Department of Radiology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Municipal Center Hospital, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Gao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua
| | - Jian-Gang Song
- Department of Radiology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua
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