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Hastain SA, Mumm L, Ozawa S, Petritz O, Gaudette C, Troan BV, Stowe DM. Osteosarcoma of the wing in a sulfur-crested cockatoo. Vet Clin Pathol 2024; 53:111-115. [PMID: 38164741 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A 26-year-old female sulfur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) was evaluated for vocalizing through the night and extending her right wing. Physical examination revealed a large, firm mass extending from the humerus to the distal aspect of the elbow. Computed tomography confirmed a large aggressive mass of the right distal humerus with a large soft tissue component, severe osteolysis, and adjacent periosteal proliferation. Fine-needle aspirates of the mass were most compatible with sarcoma, and osteosarcoma was prioritized. An unstained slide was treated with nitroblue tetrazolium chloride/5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate toluidine salt-phosphatase (NBT/BCIP) substrate for ALP detection and was strongly positive, confirming a diagnosis of osteosarcoma. A month later, the patient underwent wing amputation and arrested during recovery from anesthesia. Post-mortem examination and histopathology were consistent with osteosarcoma. This case report highlights a rare occurrence of osteosarcoma in a cockatoo as well as its cytologic and histologic features. Additionally, this report provides support for NBT/BCIP application in ALP-expressing tumors, a cytochemical stain that has been minimally investigated in avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney A Hastain
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren Mumm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah Ozawa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Olivia Petritz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chris Gaudette
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brigid V Troan
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Devorah M Stowe
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma of the Tibiotarsus in a North Island Brown Kiwi (Apteryx mantelli). J Wildl Dis 2022; 58:947-950. [PMID: 35867977 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-22-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A North Island brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli) with lameness and weight loss had a telangiectatic osteosarcoma. The left proximal tibiotarsus had bony lysis with multiple blood-filled spaces separated by thick fibrous septa and neoplastic mesenchymal cells producing osteoid (5-bromo-4-chloro-3'-indolyl phosphate/nitro blue tetrazolium positive on cytology). No metastases were noted on necropsy.
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3
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Willis EE, Niedringhaus KD, Ballard JR, Nemeth NM. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021; 259:1114-1116. [PMID: 34727083 DOI: 10.2460/javma.19.07.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Oliveira JBS, de Oliveira AR, Dos Santos DO, de Carvalho TP, Moreira LGA, Tinoco HP, Coelho CM, Coelho HLG, de Paiva Zucherato MC, Marín-Gómez SY, Costa CS, Martins NRS, Santos RL. Polyostotic osteosarcoma associated with avian leukosis virus infection in a captive bare-faced curassow (Crax fasciolata). BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:84. [PMID: 33602243 PMCID: PMC7890989 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal bone tumor. Although it is a common tumor in the appendicular skeleton of dogs and cats, it is rarely reported in birds. Retroviruses are usually associated with solid tumor development in different avian species. Case presentation: This report aims to describe a case of osteosarcoma associated with the avian leukosis virus in a captive bare-faced curassow (Crax fasciolata). A captive adult female bare-faced curassow presented with lameness, hyporexia, and a non-ulcerative and firm tumor in the right femur. The bird was euthanized due to the poor prognosis. Histopathology revealed an infiltrative mesenchymal neoplasm consisting of spindle cells with moderate cell pleomorphism, organized in bundles and interspersed by marked deposition of the osteoid matrix, which was compatible with osteosarcoma affecting both femur and tibiotarsus, with renal metastasis. Immunohistochemistry of the primary and metastatic tumor demonstrated vimentin expression by neoplastic cells. Samples of the neoplasm, bone marrow, and spleen were processed for PCR, which enabled the demonstration of proviral avian leukosis virus (ALV) DNA. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an osteosarcoma in a bare-faced curassow with an unusual polyostotic manifestation and associated with ALV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Bruno Soares Oliveira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ayisa Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel Oliveira Dos Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thaynara Parente de Carvalho
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Larissa Giannini Alves Moreira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Herlandes Penha Tinoco
- Hospital Veterinário - Fundação de Parques Municipais e Zoobotânica de Belo Horizonte, 31365-450, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlyle Mendes Coelho
- Hospital Veterinário - Fundação de Parques Municipais e Zoobotânica de Belo Horizonte, 31365-450, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hannah Luiza Gonsalves Coelho
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara de Paiva Zucherato
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sandra Yuliet Marín-Gómez
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila Siqueira Costa
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nelson R S Martins
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renato Lima Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 - CEP 30161-970, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Hamm CA, Hampe O, Schwarz D, Witzmann F, Makovicky PJ, Brochu CA, Reiter R, Asbach P. A comprehensive diagnostic approach combining phylogenetic disease bracketing and CT imaging reveals osteomyelitis in a Tyrannosaurus rex. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18897. [PMID: 33144637 PMCID: PMC7642268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional palaeontological techniques of disease characterisation are limited to the analysis of osseous fossils, requiring several lines of evidence to support diagnoses. This study presents a novel stepwise concept for comprehensive diagnosis of pathologies in fossils by computed tomography imaging for morphological assessment combined with likelihood estimation based on systematic phylogenetic disease bracketing. This approach was applied to characterise pathologies of the left fibula and fused caudal vertebrae of the non-avian dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex. Initial morphological assessment narrowed the differential diagnosis to neoplasia or infection. Subsequent data review from phylogenetically closely related species at the clade level revealed neoplasia rates as low as 3.1% and 1.8%, while infectious-disease rates were 32.0% and 53.9% in extant dinosaurs (birds) and non-avian reptiles, respectively. Furthermore, the survey of literature revealed that within the phylogenetic disease bracket the oldest case of bone infection (osteomyelitis) was identified in the mandible of a 275-million-year-old captorhinid eureptile Labidosaurus. These findings demonstrate low probability of a neoplastic aetiology of the examined pathologies in the Tyrannosaurus rex and in turn, suggest that they correspond to multiple foci of osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, Greifswald University Hospital, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Hampe
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Schwarz
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Witzmann
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - P J Makovicky
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - C A Brochu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - R Reiter
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - P Asbach
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Spontaneous Primary Right Tibiotarsal Osteosarcoma with Pulmonary Metastasis in a Free-Ranging Cory's Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea). J Wildl Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.7589/2019-01-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Abu-Helil B, van der Weyden L. Metastasis in the wild: investigating metastasis in non-laboratory animals. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 36:15-28. [PMID: 30739231 PMCID: PMC6394581 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Humans are not the only species to spontaneously develop metastatic cancer as cases of metastasis have been reported in a wide range of animals, including dinosaurs. Mouse models have been an invaluable tool in experimental and clinical metastasis research, with the use of genetically-engineered mouse models that spontaneously develop metastasis or ectopic/orthotopic transplantation of tumour cells to wildtype or immunodeficient mice being responsible for many key advances in our understanding of metastasis. However, are there other species that can also be relevant models? Similarities to humans in terms of environmental exposures, life-span, genetics, histopathology and available therapeutics are all factors that can be considered when looking at species other than the laboratory mouse. This review will explore the occurrence of metastasis in multiple species from a variety of domestic, captive and free-living veterinary cases to assist in identifying potential alternative experimental and clinical research models relevant to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Abu-Helil
- Experimental Cancer Genetics (T113), Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Louise van der Weyden
- Experimental Cancer Genetics (T113), Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
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CALVARIAL OSTEOSARCOMA WITH CEREBRAL COMPRESSION IN A FREE-RANGING POWERFUL OWL (NINOX STRENUA). J Zoo Wildl Med 2017; 48:208-212. [PMID: 28363071 DOI: 10.1638/2013-0285.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A free-ranging powerful owl (Ninox strenua) presented in a dull state with extensive bruising of the skin overlying the skull, due to suspected trauma. Supportive care was provided, which resulted in the return to a normal state, although intermittent subtle neurologic abnormalities remained. One month from original presentation, intermittent episodes of head turning and a possible seizure were noted, but behavior and appetite were otherwise normal. The owl was referred to Taronga Wildlife Hospital for evaluation. On presentation, the owl exhibited severe neurologic abnormalities, prompting euthanasia. At necropsy the dorsum of the skull exhibited marked osseous proliferation, extending ventrally and compressing the cerebrum. The skull was radiographed and submitted for histopathology. A diagnosis of osteoblastic osteosarcoma was made. This is the first report of a calvarial osteosarcoma in a powerful owl.
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Robat CS, Ammersbach M, Mans C. Avian Oncology: Diseases, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2017; 20:57-86. [PMID: 27890293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Companion birds are increasingly living longer due to improved husbandry, nutrition, and veterinary care. As a consequence, a growing number of geriatric disease conditions are diagnosed and managed by veterinarians. Awareness of bird owners of diagnostic and treatment options for neoplastic diseases in humans and domestic animals has led to increasing demand to provide advanced diagnostic and treatment modalities for companion birds diagnosed with neoplasia. Treatment remains challenging in many companion birds due to the lack of information regarding prognosis and efficacy of antineoplastic treatments in these species. There is no established standard of care for most tumors in companion birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia S Robat
- Veterinary Emergency Service, Veterinary Specialty Center, 1612 North High Point Road, Middleton, WI 53562, USA.
| | - Melanie Ammersbach
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Building 89, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Christoph Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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De Luca Bossa LM, Mennonna G, Meomartino L, Paciello O, Ciccarelli F, De Biase D, Raia P, Caputo V, Fioretti A, Dipineto L. Polyostotic Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma in a Kestrel ( Falco tinnunculus ). J Avian Med Surg 2016; 29:336-9. [PMID: 26771323 DOI: 10.1647/2014-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of polyostotic chondroblastic osteosarcoma in a kestrel ( Falco tinnunculus ) admitted to the Wildlife Rehabilitation and Rescue Center (Naples, Italy). A consolidated fracture of the left tibiotarsus bone and a deviation of the limb were evident. After radiographic, cytologic, and histopathologic examinations, a diagnosis of polyostotic chondroblastic osteosarcoma was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report on polyostotic chondroblastic osteosarcoma in a kestrel.
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Liao CL, Lin JH, Lien JC, Hsu SC, Chueh FS, Yu CC, Wu PP, Huang YP, Lin JG, Chung JG. The crude extract of Corni Fructus inhibits the migration and invasion of U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 by MAPK signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:53-63. [PMID: 23955962 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of the bone cancers. In the Chinese population, the crude extract of Corni Fructus (CECF) has been used as Traditional Chinese medicine to treat several different diseases for hundreds of years. In the present study, effects of CECF on inhibition of migration and invasion in U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells were examined. CECF significantly inhibited migration and invasion of U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells. We also found that CECF inhibited activities of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9). CECF decreased protein levels of FAK, PKC, SOS1, MKK7, MEKK3, GRB2, NF-κB p65, COX-2, HIF-1α, PI3K, Rho A, ROCK-1, IRE-1α, p-JNK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-p38, Ras, p-PERK, MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF in U-2 OS cells. Results of this study indicate that CECF may have potential as a novel anticancer agent for the treatment of osteosarcoma by inhibiting migration and invasion of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
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Abstract
A previously healthy, adult male blue crane (Anthropoides paradiseus) became peracutely distressed and ataxic. Examination revealed hemoptysis and a large mass associated with the cranial aspect of the sternum (keel). The patient died before treatment could be initiated. Gross necropsy revealed a large, hemorrhagic mass originating from the cranial aspect of the keel and extending into the cranial coelomic cavity. Histopathology confirmed the mass as an osteosarcoma. This is the first known report of an osteosarcoma in any crane species.
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