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Steigerwald E, Chen J, Oshiro J, Vredenburg VT, Catenazzi A, Koo MS. Microreserves are an important tool for amphibian conservation. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1177. [PMID: 39300233 PMCID: PMC11413221 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Initiatives to protect 30% of Earth by 2030 prompt evaluation of how to efficiently target shortcomings in the global protected area (PA) network. Focusing on amphibians, the most vulnerable vertebrate class, we illustrate the conservation value of microreserves, a term we employ here to refer to reserves of <10 km2. We report that the network continues to under-represent threatened amphibians and that, despite this clear shortcoming in land-based conservation, the creation of PAs protecting amphibians slowed after 2010. By proving something previously assumed-that amphibians generally have smaller ranges than other terrestrial vertebrates-we demonstrate that microreserves could protect a substantial portion of many amphibian ranges, particularly threatened species. We find existing microreserves are capable of hosting an amphibian species richness similar to PAs 1000-10,00X larger, and we show that amphibians' high beta diversity means that microreserves added to a growing PA network cover amphibian species 1.5-6x faster than larger size categories. We propose that stemming global biodiversity loss requires that we seriously consider the conservation potential of microreserves, using them to capture small-range endemics that may otherwise be omitted from the PA network entirely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Steigerwald
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Julia Chen
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Julianne Oshiro
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Vance T Vredenburg
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.
| | - Alessandro Catenazzi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad, Lima, Peru
| | - Michelle S Koo
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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2
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Fischer MT, Xue KS, Costello EK, Dvorak M, Raboisson G, Robaczewska A, Caty SN, Relman DA, O'Connell LA. Effects of parental care on skin microbial community composition in poison frogs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.11.612488. [PMID: 39314287 PMCID: PMC11419107 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.11.612488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Parent-offspring interactions constitute the first contact of many newborns with their environment, priming community assembly of microbes through priority effects. Early exposure to microbes can have lasting influences on the assembly and functionality of the host's microbiota, leaving a life-long imprint on host health and disease. Studies of the role played by parental care in microbial acquisition have primarily focused on humans and hosts with agricultural relevance. Anuran vertebrates offer the opportunity to examine microbial community composition across life stages as a function of parental investment. In this study, we investigate vertical transmission of microbiota during parental care in a poison frog (Family Dendrobatidae), where fathers transport their offspring piggyback-style from terrestrial clutches to aquatic nurseries. We found that substantial bacterial colonization of the embryo begins after hatching from the vitelline envelope, emphasizing its potential role as microbial barrier during early development. Using a laboratory cross-foster experiment, we demonstrated that poison frogs performing tadpole transport serve as a source of skin microbes for tadpoles on their back. To study how transport impacts the microbial skin communities of tadpoles in an ecologically relevant setting, we sampled frogs and tadpoles of sympatric species that do or do not exhibit tadpole transport in their natural habitat. We found more diverse microbial communities associated with tadpoles of transporting species compared to a non-transporting frog. However, we detected no difference in the degree of similarity between adult and tadpole skin microbiotas, based on whether the frog species exhibits transporting behavior or not. Using a field experiment, we confirmed that tadpole transport can result in the persistent colonization of tadpoles by isolated microbial taxa associated with the caregiver's skin, albeit often at low abundance. This is the first study to describe vertical transmission of skin microbes in anuran amphibians, showing that offspring transport may serve as a mechanism for transmission of parental skin microbes. Overall, these findings provide a foundation for further research on how vertical transmission in this order impacts host-associated microbiota and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine S Xue
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Costello
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mai Dvorak
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gaëlle Raboisson
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna Robaczewska
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephanie N Caty
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David A Relman
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Lauren A O'Connell
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute for Neuroscience, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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3
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Brennan IG, Lemmon AR, Moriarty Lemmon E, Hoskin CJ, Donnellan SC, Keogh JS. Populating a Continent: Phylogenomics Reveal the Timing of Australian Frog Diversification. Syst Biol 2024; 73:1-11. [PMID: 37527840 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Australian continent's size and isolation make it an ideal place for studying the accumulation and evolution of biodiversity. Long separated from the ancient supercontinent Gondwana, most of Australia's plants and animals are unique and endemic, including the continent's frogs. Australian frogs comprise a remarkable ecological and morphological diversity categorized into a small number of distantly related radiations. We present a phylogenomic hypothesis based on an exon-capture dataset that spans the main clades of Australian myobatrachoid, pelodryadid hyloid, and microhylid frogs. Our time-calibrated phylogenomic-scale phylogeny identifies great disparity in the relative ages of these groups that vary from Gondwanan relics to recent immigrants from Asia and include arguably the continent's oldest living vertebrate radiation. This age stratification provides insight into the colonization of, and diversification on, the Australian continent through deep time, during periods of dramatic climatic and community changes. Contemporary Australian frog diversity highlights the adaptive capacity of anurans, particularly in response to heat and aridity, and explains why they are one of the continent's most visible faunas. [Anuran; adaptive radiation; Gondwana; phylogenetics].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Brennan
- Division of Ecology & Evolution, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Alan R Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32316, USA
| | - Emily Moriarty Lemmon
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Conrad J Hoskin
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Stephen C Donnellan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - J Scott Keogh
- Division of Ecology & Evolution, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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4
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Dos Santos Dias PH, Delia J, Taboada C, Altig R, Rada M. A hundred-year-old mystery-the reproductive mode and larval morphology of the enigmatic frog genus Allophryne (Amphibia; Anura; Allophrynidae). THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2024; 111:21. [PMID: 38598027 PMCID: PMC11006792 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-024-01910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Frogs of the Allophrynidae are an enigmatic family from South America. To date, published information is lacking regarding this group's reproductive biology and larval morphology. Here, we provide the first detailed description of the reproductive mode, developmental mode, and tadpole morphology for Allophryne ruthveni. We developed a captive breeding and rearing protocol for this species and then conducted a series of observations to describe aspects of its reproductive biology. In captivity, this species exhibits aquatic oviposition, where single eggs are laid ungrouped within a simple jelly capsule and are scattered free in the water column before sinking to develop on benthic substrates. We did not observe parental care nor any parental interactions with eggs post-fertilization. Tadpoles are characterized by an oval body, anteroventral oral disc, a labial tooth row formula of 2(2)/3, and a dextral vent tube. The buccopharyngeal cavity is marked by the presence of two pairs of infralabial papilla and four lingual papillae. Cranial morphology is characterized by the presence of the commissura quadratoorbital. This species possesses an additional slip of the m. rectus cervicis and of the m. levator arcuum branchialium III. We discuss our results in comparison with glassfrogs (Centrolenidae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Dos Santos Dias
- Leibniz Institut Zur Analyse Des Biodiversitätswandels, Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Zentrum Für Taxonomie Und Morphologie, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Jesse Delia
- Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Carlos Taboada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ronald Altig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Marco Rada
- Departemento del Quindío, Programa de Biología, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
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5
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Barbosa Fontana R, Both C, Hartz SM. Direct development in Atlantic Forest anurans: What can environmental and biotic influences explain about its evolution and occurrence? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291644. [PMID: 38032887 PMCID: PMC10688756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Different environmental and biological factors can originate and support different alternative life histories in different taxonomic groups. Likewise, these factors are important for the processes that assemble and structure communities. Amphibians, besides being highly susceptible to environmental conditions, have various reproductive strategies, such as the direct development of individuals. Several hypotheses have been raised about possible selective pressures related to the emergence of direct development in anurans, as well as the relationship between environmental characteristics and the occurrence of these species. Such investigations, however, have mainly focused on specific clades and/or regions. Here, we use structural equation modelling to investigate the relationships between different abiotic (temperature, precipitation, humidity, and terrain slope) and biotic (phylogenetic composition and functional diversity) factors and the proportion of species with direct development in 766 anuran communities of the Atlantic Forest, a biome with a vast diversity of anuran species and high environmental complexity. Anuran communities with higher proportions of direct developing species were found to be mainly influenced by low potential evapotranspiration, low temperature seasonality, and high functional diversity. Phylogenetic composition and terrain slope were also found to be important in determining the occurrence of these species in Atlantic Forest communities. These results show the importance of these factors in the structuring of these communities and provide important contributions to the knowledge of direct development in anurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Barbosa Fontana
- Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila Both
- Departamento Interdisciplinar, Centro de Estudos Limnológicos e Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Hartz
- Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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6
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Ringler E, Rojas B, Stynoski JL, Schulte LM. What Amphibians Can Teach Us About the Evolution of Parental Care. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2023; 54:43-62. [PMID: 38989250 PMCID: PMC7616154 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102221-050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Parenting is considered a key evolutionary innovation that contributed to the diversification and expansion of vertebrates. However, we know little about how such diversity evolved. Amphibians are an ideal group in which to identify the ecological factors that have facilitated or constrained the evolution of different forms of parental care. Among, but also within, the three amphibian orders-Anura, Caudata, and Gymnophiona-there is a high level of variation in habitat use, fertilization mode, mating systems, and parental sex roles. Recent work using broad phylogenetic, experimental, and physiological approaches has helped to uncover the factors that have selected for the evolution of care and transitions between different forms of parenting. Here, we highlight the exceptional diversity of amphibian parental care, emphasize the unique opportunities this group offers for addressing key questions about the evolution of parenting, and give insights into promising novel directions of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ringler
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bibiana Rojas
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Lisa M Schulte
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Park JK, Do Y. Current State of Conservation Physiology for Amphibians: Major Research Topics and Physiological Parameters. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3162. [PMID: 37893886 PMCID: PMC10603670 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of physiological responses can be used to assess population health, identify threat factors, and understand mechanisms of stress. In addition to this, conservation physiologists have sought to establish potential management strategies for environmental change and evaluate the effectiveness of conservation efforts. From past to present, the field of conservation physiology is developing in an increasingly broader context. In this review, we aim to categorize the topics covered in conservation physiology research on amphibians and present the measured physiological parameters to provide directions for future research on conservation physiology. Physiological responses of amphibians to environmental stressors are the most studied topic, but conservation physiological studies on metamorphosis, habitat loss and fragmentation, climate change, and conservation methods are relatively lacking. A number of physiological indices have been extracted to study amphibian conservation physiology, and the indices have varying strengths of correlation with each subject. Future research directions are suggested to develop a comprehensive monitoring method for amphibians, identify interactions among various stressors, establish physiological mechanisms for environmental factors, and quantify the effects of conservation activities on amphibian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuno Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea;
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8
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Yan C, Ma H, Yang Y, Mi Z. Metabolic Adaption of Flexor Carpi Radialis to Amplexus Behavior in Asiatic Toads ( Bufo gargarizans). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10174. [PMID: 37373324 PMCID: PMC10299559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplexus is a type of mating behavior among toads that is essential for successful external fertilization. Most studies have primarily focused on the behavioral diversity of amplexus, and less is known regarding the metabolic changes occurring in amplectant males. The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic profiles of amplectant Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans) males in the breeding period (BP group) and the resting males in the non-breeding period (NP group). A metabolomic analysis was conducted on the flexor carpi radialis (FCR), an essential forelimb muscle responsible for clasping during courtship. A total of 66 differential metabolites were identified between the BP and NP groups, including 18 amino acids, 12 carbohydrates, and 8 lipids, and they were classified into 9 categories. Among these differential metabolites, 13 amino acids, 11 carbohydrates, and 7 lipids were significantly upregulated in the BP group compared to the NP group. In addition, a KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis identified 17 significant metabolic pathways, including ABC transporters, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and fructose and mannose metabolism. These results suggest that amplectant male toads are metabolically more active than those during the non-breeding period, and this metabolic adaptation increases the likelihood of reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhiping Mi
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China; (C.Y.); (H.M.); (Y.Y.)
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9
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Kouete MT, Bletz MC, LaBumbard BC, Woodhams DC, Blackburn DC. Parental care contributes to vertical transmission of microbes in a skin-feeding and direct-developing caecilian. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:28. [PMID: 37189209 PMCID: PMC10184399 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our current understanding of vertebrate skin and gut microbiomes, and their vertical transmission, remains incomplete as major lineages and varied forms of parental care remain unexplored. The diverse and elaborate forms of parental care exhibited by amphibians constitute an ideal system to study microbe transmission, yet investigations of vertical transmission among frogs and salamanders have been inconclusive. In this study, we assess bacteria transmission in Herpele squalostoma, an oviparous direct-developing caecilian in which females obligately attend juveniles that feed on their mother's skin (dermatophagy). RESULTS We used 16S rRNA amplicon-sequencing of the skin and gut of wild caught H. squalostoma individuals (males, females, including those attending juveniles) as well as environmental samples. Sourcetracker analyses revealed that juveniles obtain an important portion of their skin and gut bacteria communities from their mother. The contribution of a mother's skin to the skin and gut of her respective juveniles was much larger than that of any other bacteria source. In contrast to males and females not attending juveniles, only the skins of juveniles and their mothers were colonized by bacteria taxa Verrucomicrobiaceae, Nocardioidaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae. In addition to providing indirect evidence for microbiome transmission linked to parental care among amphibians, our study also points to noticeable differences between the skin and gut communities of H. squalostoma and that of many frogs and salamanders, which warrants further investigation. CONCLUSION Our study is the first to find strong support for vertical bacteria transmission attributed to parental care in a direct-developing amphibian species. This suggests that obligate parental care may promote microbiome transmission in caecilians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel T Kouete
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
- Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Molly C Bletz
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | | | - Douglas C Woodhams
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - David C Blackburn
- Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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10
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Zhang T, Niu Z, He J, Pu P, Meng F, Xi L, Tang X, Ding L, Ma M, Chen Q. Potential Effects of High Temperature and Heat Wave on Nanorana pleskei Based on Transcriptomic Analysis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2937-2949. [PMID: 37185716 PMCID: PMC10136961 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of climate change, understanding how indigenous amphibians of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau react to stresses and their coping mechanisms could be crucial for predicting their fate and successful conservation. A liver transcriptome for Nanorana pleskei was constructed using high-throughput RNA sequencing, and its gene expression was compared with frogs acclimated under either room temperature or high temperature and also heat wave exposed ones. A total of 126,465 unigenes were produced, with 66,924 (52.92%) of them being annotated. Up to 694 genes were found to be differently regulated as a result of abnormal temperature acclimatization. Notably, genes belonging to the heat shock protein (HSP) family were down-regulated in both treated groups. Long-term exposure to high-temperature stress may impair the metabolic rate of the frog and trigger the body to maintain a hypometabolic state in an effort to survive challenging times. During heat waves, unlike the high-temperature group, mitochondrial function was not impaired, and the energy supply was largely normal to support the highly energy-consuming metabolic processes. Genes were more transcriptionally suppressed when treated with high temperatures than heat waves, and the body stayed in low-energy states for combating these long-term adverse environments to survive. It might be strategic to preserve initiation to executive protein activity under heat wave stress. Under both stress conditions, compromising the protection of HSP and sluggish steroid activity occurred in frogs. Frogs were more affected by high temperatures than by heat waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhiyi Niu
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Pu
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fei Meng
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Xi
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Miaojun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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11
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Ceron K, Sales LP, Santana DJ, Pires MM. Decoupled responses of biodiversity facets driven from anuran vulnerability to climate and land‐use changes. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:869-882. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.14207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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12
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The evolution of reproductive modes and life cycles in amphibians. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7039. [PMID: 36396632 PMCID: PMC9672123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibians have undergone important evolutionary transitions in reproductive modes and life-cycles. We compare large-scale macroevolutionary patterns in these transitions across the three major amphibian clades: frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. We analyse matching reproductive and phylogenetic data for 4025 species. We find that having aquatic larvae is ancestral for all three groups and is retained by many extant species (33-44%). The most frequent transitions in each group are to relatively uncommon states: live-bearing in caecilians, paedomorphosis in salamanders, and semi-terrestriality in frogs. All three groups show transitions to more terrestrial reproductive modes, but only in caecilians have these evolved sequentially from most-to-least aquatic. Diversification rates are largely independent of reproductive modes. However, in salamanders direct development accelerates diversification whereas paedomorphosis decreases it. Overall, we find a widespread retention of ancestral modes, decoupling of trait transition rates from patterns of species richness, and the general independence of reproductive modes and diversification.
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13
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Furness AI, Capellini I. The reproductive ecology drivers of egg attendance in amphibians. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2500-2512. [PMID: 36181688 PMCID: PMC9827844 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Parental care is extremely diverse but, despite much research, why parental care evolves is poorly understood. Here we address this outstanding question using egg attendance, the simplest and most common care form in many taxa. We demonstrate that, in amphibians, terrestrial egg deposition, laying eggs in hidden locations and direct development promote the evolution of female egg attendance. Male egg attendance follows the evolution of hidden eggs and is associated with terrestrial egg deposition but not with direct development. We conclude that egg attendance, particularly by females, evolves following changes in reproductive ecology that are likely to increase egg survival, select for small clutches of large eggs and/or expose eggs to new environmental challenges. While our results resolve a long-standing question on whether reproductive ecology traits are drivers, consequences or alternative solutions to caring, they also unravel important, yet previously unappreciated, differences between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I. Furness
- Department of Biological and Marine SciencesUniversity of HullHullUK,Energy and Environment Institute, University of HullHullUK
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14
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Cândido CER, Del-Prette ACH, Brandão RA. Reproductive biology of the phyllomedusid frog Pithecopus oreades (Brandão 2002), a Cerrado endemic species related to altitude streams. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2022.2129336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E. R. Cândido
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal (UnB/EFL), Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ana C. H. Del-Prette
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal (UnB/EFL), Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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15
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Habitat fragmentation rather than habitat amount or habitat split reduces the diversity and abundance of ground-dwelling anurans within forest remnants of the Brazilian Cerrado. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Forti LR, Hepp F, de Souza JM, Protazio A, Szabo JK. Climate drives anuran breeding phenology in a continental perspective as revealed by citizen‐collected data. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fábio Hepp
- Laboratório de Anfíbios e Répteis, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Airan Protazio
- Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Brazil
- Departamento de Ensino Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia Irecê Brazil
| | - Judit K. Szabo
- Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Brazil
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia
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17
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Liedtke HC, Cruz F, Gómez-Garrido J, Fuentes Palacios D, Marcet-Houben M, Gut M, Alioto T, Gabaldón T, Gomez-Mestre I. Chromosome-level assembly, annotation and phylome of Pelobates cultripes, the western spadefoot toad. DNA Res 2022; 29:6588074. [PMID: 35583263 PMCID: PMC9164646 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Genomic resources for amphibians are still hugely under-represented in vertebrate genomic research, despite being a group of major interest for ecology, evolution and conservation. Amphibians constitute a highly threatened group of vertebrates, present a vast diversity in reproductive modes, are extremely diverse in morphology, occupy most ecoregions of the world, and present the widest range in genome sizes of any major group of vertebrates. We combined Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies to assemble a chromosome-level genome sequence for an anuran with a moderate genome size (assembly span 3.09 Gb); Pelobates cultripes, the western spadefoot toad. The genome has an N50 length of 330 Mb with 98.6% of the total sequence length assembled into 14 super scaffolds, and 87.7% complete BUSCO genes. We use published transcriptomic data to provide annotations, identifying 32,684 protein-coding genes. We also reconstruct the P. cultripes phylome and identify 2,527 gene expansions. We contribute the first draft of the genome of the western spadefoot toad, P. cultripes. This species represents a relatively basal lineage in the anuran tree with an interesting ecology and a high degree of developmental plasticity, and thus is an important resource for amphibian genomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christoph Liedtke
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) , 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando Cruz
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Gómez-Garrido
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Fuentes Palacios
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) , 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Marcet-Houben
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) , 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tyler Alioto
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) , 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Gomez-Mestre
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) , 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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18
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Abraham RK, Hutter CR. New records and a notable observation of potentially predator-avoiding amplectic behaviour in Boophis erythrodactylus from Madagascar. AFR J HERPETOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2022.2055653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kurian Abraham
- Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
- Current Address: Parolikal, YMR Jn., Nanthencode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Carl Richard Hutter
- Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
- Current Address: Museum of Natural Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
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Shamanna Seshadri K, Thaker M. Correlated evolution of parental care with dichromatism, colors, and patterns in anurans. Evolution 2022; 76:737-748. [PMID: 35245394 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Parental care is widespread and has fitness benefits. But caregiving parents incur costs including higher predation, and this may lead to selection for body colors or patterns that help mitigate the risks of caring. The evolution of coloration, including sexual dichromatism, however, can be driven by other factors, such as sexual selection. Therefore, examining the associations between parental care and color patterns may provide key insights into evolutionary patterns and selection pressures for parental care. Our comparative analysis of 988 anuran species reveals that dichromatic species are less likely to provide parental care, irrespective of the caregiving sex, and are more likely to breed in aquatic habitats. We then examined whether dorsal colors and patterns that enhance crypticity or function as aposematic signals are associated with the caregiving sex, and the modality of care (transport or stationary). Only caregiving males are more likely to have dorsal Stripes, but none of the colors (Green-Brown, Red, Yellow, Blue-Black) and other patterns (Plain, Bands, Spots, Mottled-Patches) were associated with caregiving females or the modality of care. Overall, sexual dichromatism, breeding ecology, and parental care are associated, but the evolution of caregiving behavior does not appear to influence the myriad colors and patterns characteristic of anurans globally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Thaker
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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20
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Cruz-Elizalde R, Pineda-López R, Ramírez-Bautista A, Berriozabal-Islas C. Diversity and composition of anuran communities in transformed landscapes in central Mexico. COMMUNITY ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-022-00076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Drummond LDO, Meire RO, Braga C, Rezende CED, Malm O, Cerqueira R. Trophic position, altitudinal distribution, and water dependence as determining factors for mercury concentrations in tropical montane anurans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151356. [PMID: 34728193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a widespread and toxic contaminant with potential for long-range atmospheric transport. Previous work has shown that temperate and subtropical montane ecosystems have great potential for deposition of this element. However, little information exists regarding Hg dynamics in tropical mountains. In present study, we evaluated the influence of altitudinal distribution, size, trophic position, and degree of water dependence on Hg concentration in amphibians. For this purpose, we determined the mercury concentration in topsoil and amphibian samples collected at 32 points distributed between 327 and 2181 m above sea level in Serra dos Órgãos, a mountainous complex located in southeastern Brazil. We analyzed the concentration of mercury in whole body samples of 200 individuals of 30 amphibian species. Trophic position of the specimens was estimated by nitrogen stable isotope (δ15N) composition in muscle tissues. We observed a positive relationship between elevation and Hg concentration in topsoil samples from rainforest sites. However, in samples from nebular forest and campos de altitude (highland grasslands) sites, the concentration of Hg was considered lower than expected by the trend in rainforest points, indicating that the vegetation structure plays an important role in the deposition of atmospheric mercury. Mercury concentration in amphibians varies according to the functional characteristics of the species and the environment in which the individual is inserted. Elevation, trophic level and water dependence explained at least some degree of variation in Hg concentration in amphibian tissues. Thus, this community-level analysis suggests that mountainous areas in the tropical region, as recorded for temperate and subtropical mountains, act as regional convergence and deposition sites for atmospheric mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de Oliveira Drummond
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP: 28013-602, Brazil; Laboratório de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, CEP: 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Ornellas Meire
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna-Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Caryne Braga
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP: 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP: 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Olaf Malm
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna-Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rui Cerqueira
- Laboratório de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, CEP: 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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22
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Cuestas Carrillo JF, Santana DJ, Prado CP. Body condition of females during tadpole attendance and its potential costs in a Neotropical foam-nesting frog (Leptodactylus podicipinus). ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2022.2026481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Cuestas Carrillo
- Programa de Pós-Graduaç#xE3;o Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Diego J. Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduaç#xE3;o Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Cynthia P.A. Prado
- Programa de Pós-Graduaç#xE3;o Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Barros RA, Santos-Costa MC. Resource use and coexistence of three hylid species in temporary ponds of an Eastern Amazonian forest fragment. J NAT HIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2026514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A. Barros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará and Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Zoologia de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria C. Santos-Costa
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Zoologia de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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24
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Abdala V, Ponssa ML, Fratani J, Manzano A. The role of hand, feet, and digits during landing in anurans. ZOOL ANZ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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26
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MANZANO MARIACAROLINAR, SAWAYA RICARDOJ. Environmental and phylogenetic aspects affect in different ways the acoustic niche of a frog community in southeastern Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20200705. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Szabo B, Mangione R, Rath M, Pašukonis A, Reber SA, Oh J, Ringler M, Ringler E. Naive poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:jeb243647. [PMID: 34845497 PMCID: PMC8729909 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
For animals to survive until reproduction, it is crucial that juveniles successfully detect potential predators and respond with appropriate behavior. The recognition of cues originating from predators can be innate or learned. Cues of various modalities might be used alone or in multi-modal combinations to detect and distinguish predators but studies investigating multi-modal integration in predator avoidance are scarce. Here, we used wild, naive tadpoles of the Neotropical poison frog Allobates femoralis ( Boulenger, 1884) to test their reaction to cues with two modalities from two different sympatrically occurring potential predators: heterospecific predatory Dendrobates tinctorius tadpoles and dragonfly larvae. We presented A. femoralis tadpoles with olfactory or visual cues, or a combination of the two, and compared their reaction to a water control in a between-individual design. In our trials, A. femoralis tadpoles reacted to multi-modal stimuli (a combination of visual and chemical information) originating from dragonfly larvae with avoidance but showed no reaction to uni-modal cues or cues from heterospecific tadpoles. In addition, visual cues from conspecifics increased swimming activity while cues from predators had no effect on tadpole activity. Our results show that A. femoralis tadpoles can innately recognize some predators and probably need both visual and chemical information to effectively avoid them. This is the first study looking at anti-predator behavior in poison frog tadpoles. We discuss how parental care might influence the expression of predator avoidance responses in tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Szabo
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstrasse 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Rosanna Mangione
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstrasse 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Rath
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrius Pašukonis
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 34293 Montpellier 5, France
| | - Stephan A. Reber
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Lund University Cognitive Science, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
- Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jinook Oh
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Cremer Group, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Max Ringler
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstrasse 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Electronic Music and Acoustics, University of Music and Performing Arts Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Ringler
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstrasse 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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28
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Jara FG, Úbeda C, Moncada M, Perotti MG. Natural history traits of the terrestrial breeding frog Batrachyla taeniata (Anura: Batrachylidae) in wet meadows of Patagonia. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2021.2005394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Gastón Jara
- Laboratorio de Fotobiología, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional Del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Carmen Úbeda
- Departamento de Zoología, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Marisol Moncada
- Departamento de Zoología, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Perotti
- Laboratorio de Fotobiología, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional Del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
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29
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Brozio S, O'Shaughnessy EM, Woods S, Hall-Barrientos I, Martin PE, Kennedy MW, Lamprou DA, Hoskisson PA. Frog nest foams exhibit pharmaceutical foam-like properties. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210048. [PMID: 34527266 PMCID: PMC8424294 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Foams have frequently been used as systems for the delivery of cosmetic and therapeutic molecules; however, there is high variability in the foamability and long-term stability of synthetic foams. The development of pharmaceutical foams that exhibit desirable foaming properties, delivering appropriate amounts of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and that have excellent biocompatibility is of great interest. The production of stable foams is rare in the natural world; however, certain species of frogs have adopted foam production as a means of providing a protective environment for their eggs and larvae from predators and parasites, to prevent desiccation, to control gaseous exchange, to buffer temperature extremes, and to reduce UV damage. These foams show great stability (up to 10 days in tropical environments) and are highly biocompatible due to the sensitive nature of amphibian skin. This work demonstrates for the first time that nests of the túngara frog (Engystomops pustulosus) are stable ex situ with useful physiochemical and biocompatible properties and are capable of encapsulating a range of compounds, including antibiotics. These protein foam mixtures share some properties with pharmaceutical foams and may find utility in a range of pharmaceutical applications such as topical drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Brozio
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Erin M. O'Shaughnessy
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, G4 OBA, UK
| | - Stuart Woods
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Ivan Hall-Barrientos
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Patricia E. Martin
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, G4 OBA, UK
| | - Malcolm W. Kennedy
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Dimitrios A. Lamprou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Paul A. Hoskisson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
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30
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Olejnickova V, Kolesova H, Bartos M, Sedmera D, Gregorovicova M. The Tale-Tell Heart: Evolutionary tetrapod shift from aquatic to terrestrial life-style reflected in heart changes in axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Dev Dyn 2021; 251:1004-1014. [PMID: 34423892 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During amphibian metamorphosis, the crucial moment lies in the rearrangement of the heart, reflecting the changes in circulatory demands. However, little is known about the exact shifts linked with this rearrangement. Here, we demonstrate such myocardial changes in axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) from the morphological and physiological point of view. RESULTS Micro-CT and histological analysis showed changes in ventricular trabeculae organization, completion of the atrial septum and its connection to the atrioventricular valve. Based on Myosin Heavy Chain and Smooth Muscle Actin expression we distinguished metamorphosis-induced changes in myocardial differentiation at the ventricular trabeculae and atrioventricular canal. Using optical mapping, faster speed of conduction through the atrioventricular canal was demonstrated in metamorphic animals. No differences between the groups were observed in the heart rates, ventricular activation times, and activation patterns. CONCLUSIONS Transition from aquatic to terrestrial life-style is reflected in the heart morphology and function. Rebuilding of the axolotl heart during metamorphosis was connected with reorganization of ventricular trabeculae, completion of the atrial septum and its connection to the atrioventricular valve, and acceleration of AV conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Olejnickova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Developmental Cardiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolesova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Developmental Cardiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bartos
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dental Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmera
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Developmental Cardiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Gregorovicova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Developmental Cardiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Prague, Czech Republic
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31
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Preuss G, Silverio Righetto Mauad AV, Shinji Akiyama Kitamura R, Santiago de Assis T, Corrêa Scalon M, Domingos FMCB. Lurking in the depth: Pond depth predicts microhabitat selection by Rhinella icterica (Anura: Bufonidae) tadpoles at two different sampling scales. HERPETOZOA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.34.e56326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat selection has long been a central theme in ecology and has historically considered both physiological responses and ecological factors affecting species establishment. Investigating habitat selection patterns at different scales can provide important information on the relative roles of the environmental factors influencing the organisms’ abilities to use their surrounding habitat. This work aimed at investigating which environmental factors determine habitat selection by Rhinella icterica tadpoles, and also took the opportunity to investigate how the scale in which tadpoles and environmental data are sampled might influence the habitat selection results. A total of 2.240 tadpoles were counted in the whole sampling area, and while substrate cover and depth were the variables that better explained the abundance of tadpoles at the larger scale (plot level), depth and water turbidity better explained tadpoles’ abundance at the smaller scale (subplot level). The results suggest that avoiding predation by matching the background color is a likely process explaining tadpoles’ occupancy at both scales. Depth is known to influence tadpole habitat use in the tropics, and although its combination with turbidity and substrate cover varied between scales, our study suggests that sampling at different scales might not affect the inferred ecological processes driving habitat selection. This information might also be useful to predict tadpoles’ responses to micro-environmental perturbations and help in guiding the choice of parameters that should be taken into account when analyzing the effects of habitat degradation in Atlantic Forest amphibian populations.
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33
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Reproductive Phenology of Five Species of Terrestrial Frogs (Genus Eleutherodactylus) from Cuba. J HERPETOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1670/20-027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Figueiredo-Vázquez C, Lourenço A, Velo-Antón G. Riverine barriers to gene flow in a salamander with both aquatic and terrestrial reproduction. Evol Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-021-10114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Centeno FC, Vivancos A, Andrade DV. Reproductive Biology and Sexual Dimorphism in Bokermannohyla alvarengai (Anura: Hylidae). HERPETOLOGICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-19-00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C. Centeno
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Aurélien Vivancos
- Unidad de Sistemas Acuáticos, Centro de Ciencias Ambientales EULA, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Denis V. Andrade
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, Brazil
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Melo-Sampaio PR, López-Rojas JJ, de Souza MB. Historia natural de Osteocephalus castaneicola Moravec, Aparicio, Guerrero-Reinhard, Calderón, Jungfer & Gvoždík, 2009 (Anura: Hylidae) con descripción de canto de anuncio y nuevos datos de distribución. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2021.1894861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto Melo-Sampaio
- Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de, Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Acre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Herpetologia (HerPet) 69915-900, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil
| | - Jhon Jairo López-Rojas
- Universidad César Vallejo - Jirón 25 de Mayo, Moyobamba 22001, Perú
- Dirección de Desarrollo Tecnológico Agrario, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Km 14.5 Carretera Fernando Belaunde Terry Tramo Tarapoto-Juanjuí, Tarapoto 22200, Perú
| | - Moisés Barbosa de Souza
- Universidade Federal do Acre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Herpetologia (HerPet) 69915-900, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil
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Sung Y, Lee W, Ng H, Crump ML, Karraker NE. Novel reproductive behavior in an Asian frog: sex‐reversed inguinal amplexus. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yik‐Hei Sung
- Science Unit Lingnan University Tuen Mun Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wing‐Ho Lee
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Ho‐Nam Ng
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Martha L. Crump
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah84322USA
- Department of Biology Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona86001USA
| | - Nancy E. Karraker
- Department of Natural Resources Science University of Rhode Island Kingston Rhode Island02881USA
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D'Bastiani E, Campião KM. Disentangling the beta-diversity in anuran parasite communities. Parasitology 2021; 148:327-332. [PMID: 33092668 PMCID: PMC11010044 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020002061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There is great heterogeneity in parasite communities among hosts, understanding the nature and drivers of such variations is still a great scientific quest. Here, we analyse the variation in parasite communities by addressing the following questions: (i) What is the beta-diversity component (nestedness or turnover) that most contributes to beta diversity in parasite communities among anuran species? (ii) Does the beta diversity of parasite communities follow a non-random pattern? (iii) Is the dissimilarity in composition of parasite communities related to the phylogenetic or functional dissimilarity among hosts? We found that turnover in parasite assemblages was the main component of beta diversity, but the variation observed both in the total beta diversity and in its components did not differ from the respective null models. The dissimilarity among parasite communities was not related to the phylogenetic species variability or functional dissimilarity among anuran species for most localities. In short, our findings may indicate a process of resource tracking by the parasite species, in which the resource may not necessarily be conserved phylogenetically in their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira D'Bastiani
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation, Federal University of Paraná, Laboratory of Biological Interaction – Biological Sciences, Caixa Postal (P.O. Box) 19031, CEP (Postal Code) 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Karla M. Campião
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Paraná, Laboratory of Biological Interaction – Biological Sciences, Caixa Postal (P.O. Box) 19031, CEP (Postal Code) 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Malagoli LR, Pezzuti TL, Bang DL, Faivovich J, Lyra ML, Giovanelli JGR, Garcia PCDA, Sawaya RJ, Haddad CFB. A new reproductive mode in anurans: Natural history of Bokermannohyla astartea (Anura: Hylidae) with the description of its tadpole and vocal repertoire. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246401. [PMID: 33596209 PMCID: PMC7888631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anurans have the greatest diversity of reproductive modes among tetrapod vertebrates, with at least 41 being currently recognized. We describe a new reproductive mode for anurans, as exhibited by the Paranapiacaba Treefrog, Bokermannohyla astartea, an endemic and poorly known species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest belonging to the B. circumdata group. We also describe other aspects of its reproductive biology, that are relevant to understanding the new reproductive mode, such as courtship behavior, spawning, and tadpoles. Additionally, we redescribe its advertisement call and extend its vocal repertoire by describing three additional call types: courtship, amplectant, and presumed territorial. The new reproductive mode exhibited by B. astartea consists of: (1) deposition of aquatic eggs in leaf-tanks of terrestrial or epiphytic bromeliads located on or over the banks of temporary or permanent streams; (2) exotrophic tadpoles remain in the leaf-tanks during initial stages of development (until Gosner stage 26), after which they presumably jump or are transported to streams after heavy rains that flood their bromeliad tanks; and (3) tadpole development completes in streams. The tadpoles of B. astartea are similar to those of other species of the B. circumdata group, although with differences in the spiracle, eyes, and oral disc. The vocal repertoire of B. astartea exhibits previously unreported acoustic complexity for the genus. Bokermannohyla astartea is the only bromeligenous species known to date among the 187 known species within the tribe Cophomantini. We further discuss evolutionary hypotheses for the origin of this novel reproductive mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Ramos Malagoli
- Núcleo São Sebastião, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Fundação para a Conservação e a Produção Florestal do Estado de São Paulo, São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Leite Pezzuti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Davi Lee Bang
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Departamento de Biologia/FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julián Faivovich
- División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Lúcio Lyra
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Gabriel Ribeiro Giovanelli
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Christiano de Anchietta Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Jannini Sawaya
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lange L, Bégué L, Brischoux F, Lourdais O. The costs of being a good dad: egg-carrying and clutch size impair locomotor performance in male midwife toads (Alytes obstetricans). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Parental care is widespread across the animal kingdom. Parental behaviours are beneficial by increasing offspring survival but induce significant costs to the parents. Because parental care is far more common in females, the associated reproductive costs have been largely studied in this sex. Although male parental care is likely to involve significant costs, it has been markedly less well investigated. We studied the costs of egg-carrying on locomotor performance in an amphibian species (Alytes obstetricans) with male parental care. We examined complementary parameters including hopping performance, righting response, hindleg muscle response to egg burden, and homing time in males carrying or not carrying eggs. We found that carrying males showed altered locomotor performance for most traits. In addition, alteration of performance was closely related to relative clutch size. Clutch desertion occurred in smaller individuals carrying larger relative clutch mass, and performance after desertion was similar to that of non-reproductive individuals. Overall, our study demonstrates that carrying eggs significantly alters male mobility and that performance–clutch size trade-offs are relevant in understanding the evolution of paternal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Lange
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS et Université de la Rochelle – UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Lauriane Bégué
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS et Université de la Rochelle – UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - François Brischoux
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS et Université de la Rochelle – UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS et Université de la Rochelle – UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, France
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Cassiano-Lima D, Lima AVP, Fortunato MEM, de Sousa TA, de Castro DP, Borges-Nojosa DM, Cechin SZ. Reproductive biology of direct developing and threatened frog Adelophryne maranguapensis (Anura, Eleutherodactylidae) reveals a cryptic reproductive mode for anurans and the first record of parental care for the genus. J NAT HIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1830192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cassiano-Lima
- Museu de História Natural do Ceará Professor Dias da Rocha, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, CCS-UECE, Pacoti, Brazil
- Faculdade de Educação de Itapipoca (FACEDI), Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Itapipoca, Brazil
| | - Ana V. P. Lima
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Márcia E. M. Fortunato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tiago A. de Sousa
- Faculdade de Educação de Itapipoca (FACEDI), Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Itapipoca, Brazil
| | - Déborah P. de Castro
- Faculdade de Educação de Itapipoca (FACEDI), Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Itapipoca, Brazil
| | - Diva M. Borges-Nojosa
- Núcleo Regional de Ofiologia (NUROF), Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Sonia Z. Cechin
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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42
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Carvalho‐Rocha V, Peres CA, Neckel‐Oliveira S. Habitat amount and ambient temperature dictate patterns of anuran diversity along a subtropical elevational gradient. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Carvalho‐Rocha
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 1TJ UK
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Selvino Neckel‐Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
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43
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Bonnefond A, Courtois EA, Sueur J, Sugai LSM, Llusia D. Climatic breadth of calling behaviour in two widespread Neotropical frogs: Insights from humidity extremes. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:5431-5446. [PMID: 32654304 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is severely altering precipitation regimes at local and global scales, yet the capacity of species to cope with these changes has been insufficiently examined. Amphibians are globally endangered and particularly sensitive to moisture conditions. For mating, most amphibian species rely on calling behaviour, which is a key weather-dependent trait. Using passive acoustics, we monitored the calling behaviour of two widespread Neotropical frogs in 12 populations located at the humidity extremes but thermal mean of the species distribution. Based on 2,554 hr of recordings over a breeding season, we found that both the aquatic species Pseudis paradoxa and the arboreal species Boana raniceps exhibited calling behaviour at a wide range of relative humidity. Calling humidity was significantly lower in conspecific populations subjected to drier conditions, while calling temperature did not differ between populations or species. Overall, no variation in climatic breadth was observed between large and small choruses, and calling behaviour was scarcely detected during the driest, hottest and coldest potential periods of breeding. Our results showed that calling humidity of the studied species varies according to the precipitation regime, suggesting that widespread Neotropical anurans may have the capacity to exhibit sexual displays in different climatic environments. Regardless of the underlying mechanism (plasticity or local adaptation), which should be determined by common garden experiments, a wide and population-specific climatic breadth of calling behaviour may assist species to deal with changing humidity conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the response capacity of anurans to perform calling behaviour under contrasting precipitation regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Bonnefond
- Centre de recherche Montabo, LEEISA UMSR 3456 CNRS-UG Ifremer, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Elodie A Courtois
- Centre de recherche Montabo, LEEISA UMSR 3456 CNRS-UG Ifremer, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Jérôme Sueur
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Larissa Sayuri M Sugai
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Llusia
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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44
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Gaitonde N, Deshpande D. Breeding biology of Malabar Tree Toad Pedostibes tuberculosus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Castle Rock, Karnataka, India. JOURNAL OF THREATENED TAXA 2020. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.5308.12.13.16912-16915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Malabar Tree Toad Pedostibes tuberculosus Günther, 1876 is an endemic and endangered species from the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, however, its reproductive biology is barely understood. In 2018, we opportunistically encountered a breeding aggregation of P. tuberculosus at Castlerock, Karnataka, and recorded its breeding behavior. We found P. tuberculosus in the northern Western Ghats to aggregate in choruses and breed for a short duration (a couple of nights). Males physically competed in short duels to gain access to females. The males clasped the females around the armpits in a tight axillary amplexus lasting an entire night. The female in an overnight amplexus laid approximately 150 eggs. We observed the tadpoles to rapidly develop and complete metamorphosis within a month. We highlight the variation in reproductive traits in populations of P. tuberculosus distributed along the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot which will aid in conservation and systematics of this species group.
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Silva NR, Berneck BVM, da Silva HR, Haddad CFB, Zamudio KR, Mott T, Nali RC, Prado CPA. Egg-laying site, fecundity and degree of sexual size dimorphism in frogs. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Female fecundity is an important selective force leading to female-biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in frogs. Because anurans exhibit diverse reproductive modes, we investigated whether variation in SSD and fecundity are related with oviposition site. We asked whether arboreal breeding species show pronounced female-biased SSD and if, paradoxically, females have lower fecundity because of the costs of carrying oocytes and amplectant males. Conversely, we tested whether species that deposit eggs in concealed sites show less pronounced SSD, because females do not carry males and space limitation may reduce female size and fecundity. Our results showed that, in general, males were approximately 20% smaller than females. However, for species with hidden oviposition sites, males and females exhibited more similar body sizes and arboreal hylids showed more pronounced female-biased SSD. Overall, fecundity was higher in aquatic breeders, as expected, but in hylids, fecundity was smaller in arboreal breeders, which suggests that arboreality may impose restrictions on fecundity. By analysing SSD in a broader and more specific lineage (Hylidae), we found that reproductive microhabitat may also influence female size and fecundity, playing an important role in the evolution of SSD in frogs at different evolutionary scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Rodrigues Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação nos Trópicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Setor de Herpetologia, Museu de História Natural, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Bianca V M Berneck
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helio R da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Célio F B Haddad
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly R Zamudio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Tamí Mott
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação nos Trópicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Setor de Herpetologia, Museu de História Natural, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Renato C Nali
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cynthia P A Prado
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alarcón-Ríos L, Nicieza AG, Lourenço A, Velo-Antón G. The evolution of pueriparity maintains multiple paternity in a polymorphic viviparous salamander. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14744. [PMID: 32901062 PMCID: PMC7479106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction in fecundity associated with the evolution of viviparity may have far-reaching implications for the ecology, demography, and evolution of populations. The evolution of a polygamous behaviour (e.g. polyandry) may counteract some of the effects underlying a lower fecundity, such as the reduction in genetic diversity. Comparing patterns of multiple paternity between reproductive modes allows us to understand how viviparity accounts for the trade-off between offspring quality and quantity. We analysed genetic patterns of paternity and offspring genetic diversity across 42 families from two modes of viviparity in a reproductive polymorphic species, Salamandra salamandra. This species shows an ancestral (larviparity: large clutches of free aquatic larvae), and a derived reproductive mode (pueriparity: smaller clutches of larger terrestrial juveniles). Our results confirm the existence of multiple paternity in pueriparous salamanders. Furthermore, we show the evolution of pueriparity maintains, and even increases, the occurrence of multiple paternity and the number of sires compared to larviparity, though we did not find a clear effect on genetic diversity. High incidence of multiple paternity in pueriparous populations might arise as a mechanism to avoid fertilization failures and to ensure reproductive success, and thus has important implications in highly isolated populations with small broods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Alarcón-Ríos
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Área de Ecología, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Valentín Andrés Álvarez S/N, 33071, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Alfredo G Nicieza
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Área de Ecología, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Valentín Andrés Álvarez S/N, 33071, Oviedo, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Biodiversidad (UMIB), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo-Principado de Asturias, Mieres, Spain
| | - André Lourenço
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigacão em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias de Vairão , Universidade do Porto, R. Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da, Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Velo-Antón
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigacão em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias de Vairão , Universidade do Porto, R. Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
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Kishimoto K, Hayashi F. Complete Embryonic and Larval Stages of Rana sakuraii (Ranidae), a Species that Metamorphoses without Feeding. CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.39.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kishimoto
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiosawa 1–1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192–0397, JAPAN
| | - Fumio Hayashi
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiosawa 1–1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192–0397, JAPAN
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48
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Schulte LM, Ringler E, Rojas B, Stynoski JL. Developments in Amphibian Parental Care Research: History, Present Advances, and Future Perspectives. HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPH 2020; 34:71-97. [PMID: 38989507 PMCID: PMC7616153 DOI: 10.1655/herpmonographs-d-19-00002.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite rising interest among scientists for over two centuries, parental care behavior has not been as thoroughly studied in amphibians as it has in other taxa. The first reports of amphibian parental care date from the early 18th century, when Maria Sibylla Merian went on a field expedition in Suriname and reported frog metamorphs emerging from their mother's dorsal skin. Reports of this and other parental behaviors in amphibians remained descriptive for decades, often as side notes during expeditions with another purpose. However, since the 1980s, experimental approaches have proliferated, providing detailed knowledge about the adaptive value of observed behaviors. Today, we recognize more than 30 types of parental care in amphibians, but most studies focus on just a few families and have favored anurans over urodeles and caecilians. Here, we provide a synthesis of the last three centuries of parental care research in the three orders comprising the amphibians. We draw attention to the progress from the very first descriptions to the most recent experimental studies, and highlight the importance of natural history observations as a source of new hypotheses and necessary context to interpret experimental findings. We encourage amphibian parental care researchers to diversify their study systems to allow for a more comprehensive perspective of the behaviors that amphibians exhibit. Finally, we uncover knowledge gaps and suggest new avenues of research using a variety of disciplines and approaches that will allow us to better understand the function and evolution of parental care behaviors in this diverse group of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Schulte
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eva Ringler
- Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Department of Integrative Zoology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090Vienna, Austria
| | - Bibiana Rojas
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jennifer L. Stynoski
- Colorado State University, Department of Biology, 200 W. Lake Street, Fort Collins, CO, 48823USA
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre de Coronado, San José, Costa Rica
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49
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Carvajal-Castro JD, López-Aguirre Y, Ospina-L AM, Santos JC, Rojas B, Vargas-Salinas F. Much more than a clasp: evolutionary patterns of amplexus diversity in anurans. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe evolution and diversification of animal reproductive modes have been pivotal questions in behavioural ecology. Amphibians present the highest diversity of reproductive modes among vertebrates, involving various behavioural, physiological and morphological traits. One such feature is the amplexus, which is the clasp or embrace of males on females during reproduction and is found almost universally in anurans. Hypotheses about the origin of amplexus are limited and have not been tested thoroughly, nor have they taken into account evolutionary relationships in most comparative studies. However, these considerations are crucial to an understanding of the evolution of reproductive modes. Here, using an evolutionary framework, we reconstruct the ancestral state of amplexus in 685 anuran species. We investigate whether the type of amplexus has a strong phylogenetic signal and test whether sexual size dimorphism could have influenced amplexus type or male performance while clasping females. Overall, we found evidence of ≥34 evolutionary transitions in amplexus type across anurans. We found that amplexus type exhibits a high phylogenetic signal and that amplexus type does not evolve in association with sexual size dimorphism. We discuss the implications of our findings for the diversity of amplexus types across anurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Carvajal-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Villa de Leyva and Bogotá DC, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Evolución, Ecología y Conservación (EECO), Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Yelenny López-Aguirre
- Grupo de Investigación en Evolución, Ecología y Conservación (EECO), Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Ana María Ospina-L
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Villa de Leyva and Bogotá DC, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Evolución, Ecología y Conservación (EECO), Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Juan C Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Bibiana Rojas
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Fernando Vargas-Salinas
- Grupo de Investigación en Evolución, Ecología y Conservación (EECO), Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
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50
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de Sá FP, Haddad CFB, Gray MM, Verdade VK, Thomé MTC, Rodrigues MT, Zamudio KR. Male-male competition and repeated evolution of terrestrial breeding in Atlantic Coastal Forest frogs. Evolution 2019; 74:459-475. [PMID: 31710098 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Terrestrial breeding is a derived condition in frogs, with multiple transitions from an aquatic ancestor. Shifts in reproductive mode often involve changes in habitat use, and these are typically associated with diversification in body plans, with repeated transitions imposing similar selective pressures. We examine the diversification of reproductive modes, male and female body sizes, and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in the Neotropical frog genera Cycloramphus and Zachaenus, both endemic to the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil. Species in this clade either breed in rocky streams (saxicolous) or in terrestrial environments, allowing us to investigate reproductive habitat shifts. We constructed a multilocus molecular phylogeny and inferred evolutionary histories of reproductive habitats, body sizes, and SSD. The common ancestor was small, saxicolous, and had low SSD. Terrestrial breeding evolved independently three times and we found a significant association between reproductive habitat and SSD, with shifts to terrestrial breeding evolving in correlation with decreases in male body size, but not female body size. Terrestrial breeding increases the availability of breeding sites and results in concealment of amplexus, egg-laying, and parental care, therefore reducing male-male competition at all stages of reproduction. We conclude that correlated evolution of terrestrial reproduction and small males is due to release from intense male-male competition that is typical of exposed saxicolous breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio P de Sá
- Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, 13506-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célio F B Haddad
- Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, 13506-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miranda M Gray
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853
| | - Vanessa K Verdade
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, UFABC - Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, 09210-580, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza C Thomé
- Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Instituto de Biociências, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, 13506-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel T Rodrigues
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly R Zamudio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853
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