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Yelamanchi SD, Tyagi A, Mohanty V, Dutta P, Korbonits M, Chavan S, Advani J, Madugundu AK, Dey G, Datta KK, Rajyalakshmi M, Sahasrabuddhe NA, Chaturvedi A, Kumar A, Das AA, Ghosh D, Jogdand GM, Nair HH, Saini K, Panchal M, Sarvaiya MA, Mohanraj SS, Sengupta N, Saxena P, Subramani PA, Kumar P, Akkali R, Reshma SV, Santhosh RS, Rastogi S, Kumar S, Ghosh SK, Irlapati VK, Srinivasan A, Radotra BD, Mathur PP, Wong GW, Satishchandra P, Chatterjee A, Gowda H, Bhansali A, Pandey A, Shankar SK, Mahadevan A, Prasad TSK. Proteomic Analysis of the Human Anterior Pituitary Gland. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 22:759-769. [PMID: 30571610 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2018.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The pituitary function is regulated by a complex system involving the hypothalamus and biological networks within the pituitary. Although the hormones secreted from the pituitary have been well studied, comprehensive analyses of the pituitary proteome are limited. Pituitary proteomics is a field of postgenomic research that is crucial to understand human health and pituitary diseases. In this context, we report here a systematic proteomic profiling of human anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis) using high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry. A total of 2164 proteins were identified in this study, of which 105 proteins were identified for the first time compared with high-throughput proteomic-based studies from human pituitary glands. In addition, we identified 480 proteins with secretory potential and 187 N-terminally acetylated proteins. These are the first region-specific data that could serve as a vital resource for further investigations on the physiological role of the human anterior pituitary glands and the proteins secreted by them. We anticipate that the identification of previously unknown proteins in the present study will accelerate biomedical research to decipher their role in functioning of the human anterior pituitary gland and associated human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankur Tyagi
- 2 Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Varshasnata Mohanty
- 2 Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Pinaki Dutta
- 3 Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Márta Korbonits
- 4 Department of Endocrinology, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandip Chavan
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,5 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anil K Madugundu
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,5 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,6 Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.,7 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gourav Dey
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,5 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Keshava K Datta
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - M Rajyalakshmi
- 8 Department of Biotechnology, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Abhishek Chaturvedi
- 9 Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- 10 Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Apabrita Ayan Das
- 11 Cell Biology and Physiology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- 12 Protein Engineering and Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India
| | | | - Haritha H Nair
- 13 Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Keshav Saini
- 14 Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Panchal
- 15 Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | | | - Soundappan S Mohanraj
- 17 Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nabonita Sengupta
- 18 Neuroinflammation Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Priti Saxena
- 14 Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar
- 20 Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India
| | - Rakhil Akkali
- 21 Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
| | | | | | - Sangita Rastogi
- 24 Microbiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- 25 Proteomics and Structural Biology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Susanta Kumar Ghosh
- 19 Department of Molecular Parasitology, National Institute of Malaria Research, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Anand Srinivasan
- 27 Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bishan Das Radotra
- 28 Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Premendu P Mathur
- 29 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - G William Wong
- 30 Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Aditi Chatterjee
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Anil Bhansali
- 3 Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,5 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,6 Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.,7 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,32 McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,33 Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,34 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,35 Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Susarla K Shankar
- 36 Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India.,37 Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Neurobiology Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- 36 Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India.,37 Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Neurobiology Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,2 Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
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Vitale ML, Garcia CJ, Akpovi CD, Pelletier RM. Distinctive actions of connexin 46 and connexin 50 in anterior pituitary folliculostellate cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182495. [PMID: 28759642 PMCID: PMC5536325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Folliculostellate cell gap junctions establish a network for the transmission of information within the anterior pituitary. Connexins make up gap junction channels. Changes in connexin (Cx) turnover modify gap junction-mediated intercellular communication. We have reported that cytokines and hormones influence Cx43 turnover and coupling in folliculostellate cells and in the folliculostellate cell line TtT/GF. In addition, the expression of different connexins alters intercellular communication and connexins may have functions besides cell coupling. Here we assessed the expression, turnover and subcellular localization of Cx46 and Cx50 in the anterior pituitary and TtT/GF cells. Then, we assessed the impact of various natural (lactation, annual reproductive cycle, bFGF) and pathological (autoimmune orchitis, diabetes/obesity) conditions associated with altered anterior pituitary hormone secretion on Cx46 and Cx50. Anterior pituitary Cx46 and Cx50 expression and subcellular distribution were cell-dependent. Cx46 was expressed by folliculostellate, TtT/GF and endocrine cells. In the cytoplasm, Cx46 was chiefly associated with lysosomes. Variously sized Cx46 molecules were recovered exclusively in the TtT/GF cell nuclear fraction. In the nucleus, Cx46 co-localized with Nopp-140, a nucleolar factor involved in rRNA processing. Neither cytoplasmic nor nuclear Cx46 and Cx43 co-localized. Cx50 localized to folliculostellate and TtT/GF cells, and to the walls of blood capillaries, not to endocrine cells. Cx50 was cytoplasmic and associated with the cell membrane, not nuclear. Cx50 did not co-localize with Cx46 but it co-localized in the cytoplasm and co-immunoprecipitated with Cx43. Cx46 and Cx50 responses to various physiological and pathological challenges were different, often opposite. Cx46 and Cx43 expression and phosphorylation profiles differed in the anterior pituitary, whereas Cx50 and Cx43 were similar. The data suggest that Cx46 participates to cellular growth and proliferation and that Cx50, together with Cx43, contributes to folliculostellate cell coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Leiza Vitale
- Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christopher J. Garcia
- Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Casimir D. Akpovi
- Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - R.-Marc Pelletier
- Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Morash BA, Imran A, Wilkinson D, Ur E, Wilkinson M. Leptin receptors are developmentally regulated in rat pituitary and hypothalamus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2003; 210:1-8. [PMID: 14615055 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2003.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that leptin is expressed in adult rat brain and pituitary gland, though the role of leptin in these sites has not been determined. Leptin mRNA is developmentally regulated in the brain and pituitary of male and female rats during early postnatal development, suggesting a role in the maturation of the brain-pituitary system. Here, we sought to extend our previous studies by evaluating (1) the ontogeny of leptin receptor mRNA levels in rat brain and pituitary and (2) pituitary leptin protein levels in neonatal and pre-pubertal rats. Pituitary leptin concentration was highest shortly after birth (postnatal day (PD) 4, 25 ng/mg protein) and fell significantly throughout postnatal development and into adulthood (PD 60, 3.5 ng/mg protein; P<0.005) coincident with a decline in pituitary leptin mRNA levels. Significant age-related effects on leptin receptor mRNA levels were also observed in the pituitary and the hypothalamus of male and female rats using semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. In the pituitary, the short form (OBRa) mRNA levels were highest in neonatal rats (PD 4) but declined throughout postnatal development (PD 4-22) paralleling the fall in pituitary leptin mRNA and protein levels. The long form (OBRb) mRNA levels were unaffected by age between PD 4 and 22. In contrast, hypothalamic, levels of OBRb mRNA were very low to undetectable shortly after birth (PD 4) and rose significantly between PD 4 and 14/22 while levels of OBRa mRNA were not significantly different between PD 4 and 22. Immunohistochemical detection of leptin receptor immunoreactivity (all forms) revealed the presence of OBR-like protein in pituitary and hypothalamus as early as PD 4. Cortical leptin receptor mRNA levels were similar throughout early postnatal development. No gender-related differences in leptin receptor mRNA levels were noted in brain or pituitary. In conclusion, these data, together with our previous work, indicate that the neonatal pituitary gland expresses leptin and leptin receptors at levels far in excess of those observed in mature rats. The pituitary is thus quite different from adipose tissue, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex, in which neonatal leptin expression is lowest at birth. Since neonatal pituitary leptin receptor expression is also elevated, it is possible that pituitary-derived leptin plays some role in the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Morash
- Department of Obstetrics, IWK Grace Health Centre, 5980 University Avenue, P.O. Box 3070, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 3G9
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