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Leslie J, Macia MG, Luli S, Worrell JC, Reilly WJ, Paish HL, Knox A, Barksby BS, Gee LM, Zaki MYW, Collins AL, Burgoyne RA, Cameron R, Bragg C, Xu X, Chung GW, Brown CDA, Blanchard AD, Nanthakumar CB, Karsdal M, Robinson SM, Manas DM, Sen G, French J, White SA, Murphy S, Trost M, Zakrzewski JL, Klein U, Schwabe RF, Mederacke I, Nixon C, Bird T, Teuwen LA, Schoonjans L, Carmeliet P, Mann J, Fisher AJ, Sheerin NS, Borthwick LA, Mann DA, Oakley F. c-Rel orchestrates energy-dependent epithelial and macrophage reprogramming in fibrosis. Nat Metab 2020; 2:1350-1367. [PMID: 33168981 PMCID: PMC7116435 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological feature of chronic disease. Deletion of the NF-κB subunit c-Rel limits fibrosis in multiple organs, although the mechanistic nature of this protection is unresolved. Using cell-specific gene-targeting manipulations in mice undergoing liver damage, we elucidate a critical role for c-Rel in controlling metabolic changes required for inflammatory and fibrogenic activities of hepatocytes and macrophages and identify Pfkfb3 as the key downstream metabolic mediator of this response. Independent deletions of Rel in hepatocytes or macrophages suppressed liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride, while combined deletion had an additive anti-fibrogenic effect. In transforming growth factor-β1-induced hepatocytes, c-Rel regulates expression of a pro-fibrogenic secretome comprising inflammatory molecules and connective tissue growth factor, the latter promoting collagen secretion from HMs. Macrophages lacking c-Rel fail to polarize to M1 or M2 states, explaining reduced fibrosis in RelΔLysM mice. Pharmacological inhibition of c-Rel attenuated multi-organ fibrosis in both murine and human fibrosis. In conclusion, activation of c-Rel/Pfkfb3 in damaged tissue instigates a paracrine signalling network among epithelial, myeloid and mesenchymal cells to stimulate fibrogenesis. Targeting the c-Rel-Pfkfb3 axis has potential for therapeutic applications in fibrotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Marina García Macia
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julie C Worrell
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William J Reilly
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hannah L Paish
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amber Knox
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben S Barksby
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucy M Gee
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marco Y W Zaki
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amy L Collins
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel A Burgoyne
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rainie Cameron
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte Bragg
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xin Xu
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Git W Chung
- Newcells Biotech, The Biosphere, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Colin D A Brown
- Newcells Biotech, The Biosphere, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew D Blanchard
- Fibrosis Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Carmel B Nanthakumar
- Fibrosis Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Morten Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stuart M Robinson
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek M Manas
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gourab Sen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeremy French
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steven A White
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sandra Murphy
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matthias Trost
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Johannes L Zakrzewski
- Center for Discovery and Innovation and John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology & Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tom Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laure-Anne Teuwen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jelena Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Neil S Sheerin
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee A Borthwick
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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2
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Maique J, Flores B, Shi M, Shepard S, Zhou Z, Yan S, Moe OW, Hu MC. High Phosphate Induces and Klotho Attenuates Kidney Epithelial Senescence and Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1273. [PMID: 32973510 PMCID: PMC7468469 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell growth arrest and is associated with aging and age-related diseases. High plasma phosphate (Pi) and deficiency of Klotho contribute to aging and kidney fibrosis, a pathological feature in the aging kidney and chronic kidney disease. This study examined the interactive role of Pi and Klotho in kidney senescence and fibrosis. Homozygous Klotho hypomorphic mice had high plasma Pi, undetectable Klotho in plasma and kidney, high senescence with massive collagen accumulation in kidney tubules, and fibrin deposits in peritubular capillaries. To examine the Pi effect on kidney senescence, a high (2%) Pi diet was given to wild-type mice. One week of high dietary Pi mildly increased plasma Pi, and upregulated kidney p16/p21 expression, but did not significantly decrease Klotho. Two weeks of high Pi intake led to increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and decrease in kidney Klotho, but still without detectable increase in kidney fibrosis. More prolonged dietary Pi for 12 weeks exacerbated kidney senescence and fibrosis; more so in heterozygous Klotho hypomorphic mice compared to wild-type mice, and in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on high Pi diet compared to CKD mice fed a normal Pi diet. In cultured kidney tubular cells, high Pi directly induced cellular senescence, injury and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and enhanced H2O2-induced cellular senescence and injury, which were abrogated by Klotho. Fucoidan, a bioactive molecule with multiple biologic functions including senescence inhibition, blunted Pi-induced cellular senescence, oxidation, injury, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and senescence-associated secretary phenotype. In conclusion, high Pi activates senescence through distinct but interconnected mechanisms: upregulating p16/p21 (early), and elevating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and downregulating Klotho (late). Klotho may be a promising agent to attenuate senescence and ameliorate age-associated, and Pi-induced kidney degeneration such as kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Maique
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Brianna Flores
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sierra Shepard
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Shirely Yan
- Departments of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Orson W Moe
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ming Chang Hu
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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3
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Mukamal KJ, Siscovick DS, de Boer IH, Ix JH, Kizer JR, Djoussé L, Fitzpatrick AL, Tracy RP, Boyko EJ, Kahn SE, Arnold AM. Metabolic Clusters and Outcomes in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 66:289-296. [PMID: 29431855 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Few studies have the requisite phenotypic information to define metabolic patterns that may inform our understanding of the pathophysiology and consequences of diabetes in older adults. We sought to characterize clusters of older adults on the basis of shared metabolic features. DESIGN Population-based prospective cohort study. SETTING Four U.S. Cardiovascular Health Study field centers. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 65 and older taking no glucose-lowering agents (N = 2,231). MEASUREMENTS K-means cluster analysis of 11 metabolic parameters (fasting and postload serum glucose and plasma insulin, fasting C-peptide, body mass index, C-reactive protein (CRP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, carboxymethyl lysine (an advanced glycation end-product), procollagen III N-terminal propeptide (a fibrotic marker)) and their associations with incident cardiovascular disease, diabetes, disability, and mortality over 8 to 14.5 years of follow-up and with measures of subclinical cardiovascular disease. RESULTS A 6-cluster solution provided robust differentiation into distinct, identifiable clusters. Cluster A (n = 739) had the lowest glucose and insulin and highest eGFR and the lowest rates of all outcomes. Cluster B (n = 419) had high glucose and insulin and intermediate rates of most outcomes. Cluster C (n = 118) had the highest insulin. Cluster D (n = 129) had the highest glucose with much lower insulin. Cluster E (n = 314) had the lowest eGFR and highest albuminuria. Cluster F (n = 512) had the highest CRP. Rates of CVD, mortality, and subclinical atherosclerosis were highest in clusters C, D, and E and were similar to rates in participants with treated diabetes. Incidence of disability was highest in Cluster C. CONCLUSION Clustering according to metabolic parameters identifies distinct phenotypes that are strongly associated with clinical and functional outcomes, even at advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David S Siscovick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California.,School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Edward J Boyko
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alice M Arnold
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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4
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Imatinib mesylate does not counteract ovarian tissue fibrosis in postnatal rat ovary. Reprod Biol 2019; 19:133-138. [PMID: 31080158 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy may result in ovarian atrophy, a depletion of the primordial follicle pool, diminished ovarian weight, cortical and stromal fibrosis. Imatinib mesylate is an anticancer agent that inhibits competitively several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). RTKs play important roles in cell metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis. In clinic, imatinib mesylate is also known as an anti-fibrotic medicine. In the present study, the impact of imatinib on the ovarian tissue was investigated by assessing ovarian tissue fibrosis in postnatal rat administered with or without imatinib for three days. Fibrosis in the ovarian tissue was determined by histology (Picrosirius and Masson's trichrome staining) and the protein expression of vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Furthermore, mRNA expression of Forkhead box transcription factor O1 and O3 (FOXO1 and FOXO3), which are markers of cell proliferation was quantified. A short-term exposure to imatinib showed to increase tissue fibrosis in ovaries. This was observed by Masson's trichrome staining. Exposure to imatinib led also to a down-regulation of vimentin protein expression and up-regulation mRNA expression of FOXO3. This may indicate a role of FOXO3 in ovarian tissue fibrosis in postnatal rat ovaries.
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5
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Chevalier RL. The proximal tubule is the primary target of injury and progression of kidney disease: role of the glomerulotubular junction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F145-61. [PMID: 27194714 PMCID: PMC4967168 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00164.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an alarming global increase in the incidence of end-stage kidney disease, for which early biomarkers and effective treatment options are lacking. Largely based on the histology of the end-stage kidney and on the model of unilateral ureteral obstruction, current investigation is focused on the pathogenesis of renal interstitial fibrosis as a central mechanism in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is now recognized that cumulative episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI) can lead to CKD, and, conversely, CKD is a risk factor for AKI. Based on recent and historic studies, this review shifts attention from the glomerulus and interstitium to the proximal tubule as the primary sensor and effector in the progression of CKD as well as AKI. Packed with mitochondria and dependent on oxidative phosphorylation, the proximal tubule is particularly vulnerable to injury (obstructive, ischemic, hypoxic, oxidative, metabolic), resulting in cell death and ultimately in the formation of atubular glomeruli. Animal models of human glomerular and tubular disorders have provided evidence for a broad repertoire of morphological and functional responses of the proximal tubule, revealing processes of degeneration and repair that may lead to new therapeutic strategies. Most promising are studies that encompass the entire life cycle from fetus to senescence, recognizing epigenetic factors. The application of techniques in molecular characterization of tubule segments and the development of human kidney organoids may provide new insights into the mammalian kidney subjected to stress or injury, leading to biomarkers of early CKD and new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Chevalier
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Alfieri C, Kavvadas P, Simonini P, Ikehata M, Dussaule JC, Chadjichristos CE, Rastaldi MP, Messa P, Chatziantoniou C. Discoidin domain receptor-1 and periostin: new players in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015; 30:1965-71. [PMID: 25829327 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease represents an important problem for public health. In renal diseases, the main histologic alterations derive from the development of renal fibrosis which results from the loss of the balance between pro- and anti-fibrotic factors. Tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) and matricellular proteins (MPs) are nowadays studied as potential modulators of renal injury. RTKs regulate cell cycle, migration, metabolism and cellular differentiation. Discoidin domain receptor-1 (DDR-1) is an RTK that has been extensively studied in cancer, and lung and renal diseases. It modulates inflammatory recruitment, extracellular matrix deposition and fibrosis; in renal diseases, it appears to act independently of the underlying disease. MPs regulate cell-matrix interactions and matrix accumulation, cellular adhesion and migration, and expression of inflammatory cells. Periostin is an MP, mainly studied in bone, heart, lung and cancer. Several studies demonstrated that it mediates cell-matrix interactions, migration of inflammatory cells and development of fibrosis. Recently, it has been reported in several nephropathies. In this review, we discuss the potential pathological roles of DDR-1 and periostin focussing on the kidney in both experimental models and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Alfieri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Research Unit S_1155, Bâtiment Recherche, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplant, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Kavvadas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Research Unit S_1155, Bâtiment Recherche, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Paola Simonini
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplant, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Masami Ikehata
- Research Laboratory of Nephrology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jean Claude Dussaule
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Research Unit S_1155, Bâtiment Recherche, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christos E Chadjichristos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Research Unit S_1155, Bâtiment Recherche, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Maria Pia Rastaldi
- Research Laboratory of Nephrology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplant, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Christos Chatziantoniou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Research Unit S_1155, Bâtiment Recherche, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
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Day K, Waite LL, Thalacker-Mercer A, West A, Bamman MM, Brooks JD, Myers RM, Absher D. Differential DNA methylation with age displays both common and dynamic features across human tissues that are influenced by CpG landscape. Genome Biol 2015; 14:R102. [PMID: 24034465 PMCID: PMC4053985 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-9-r102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that changes with age in human tissues, although the mechanisms and specificity of this process are still poorly understood. We compared CpG methylation changes with age across 283 human blood, brain, kidney, and skeletal muscle samples using methylation arrays to identify tissue-specific age effects. Results We found age-associated CpGs (ageCGs) that are both tissue-specific and common across tissues. Tissue-specific ageCGs are frequently located outside CpG islands with decreased methylation, and common ageCGs show the opposite trend. AgeCGs are significantly associated with poorly expressed genes, but those with decreasing methylation are linked with higher tissue-specific expression levels compared with increasing methylation. Therefore, tissue-specific gene expression may protect against common age-dependent methylation. Distinguished from other tissues, skeletal muscle ageCGs are more associated with expression, enriched near genes related to myofiber contraction, and closer to muscle-specific CTCF binding sites. Kidney-specific ageCGs are more increasingly methylated compared to other tissues as measured by affiliation with kidney-specific expressed genes. Underlying chromatin features also mark common and tissue-specific age effects reflective of poised and active chromatin states, respectively. In contrast with decreasingly methylated ageCGs, increasingly methylated ageCGs are also generally further from CTCF binding sites and enriched within lamina associated domains. Conclusions Our data identified common and tissue-specific DNA methylation changes with age that are reflective of CpG landscape and suggests both common and unique alterations within human tissues. Our findings also indicate that a simple epigenetic drift model is insufficient to explain all age-related changes in DNA methylation.
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8
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Iyoda M, Shibata T, Wada Y, Kuno Y, Shindo-Hirai Y, Matsumoto K, Akizawa T. Long- and short-term treatment with imatinib attenuates the development of chronic kidney disease in experimental anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 28:576-84. [PMID: 23045430 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can block platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor activity. Imatinib is also known as an anti-inflammatory agent. We examined the therapeutic effects of long- or short-term imatinib treatment in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats with established anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis. METHODS Nephrotoxic serum (NTS) nephritis was induced in WKY rats on day 0. Groups of animals were given either imatinib or vehicle daily by intraperitoneal injection, from day 7 to day 49 in the long-term treatment study, and from day 7 to 13 in the short-term treatment study; all rats were sacrificed at day 50. RESULTS In long-term treatment, imatinib showed marked renoprotective effects; imatinib suppressed proteinuria, improved renal function, attenuated the development of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial injury and reduced the expression levels of collagen type I and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in renal cortex. The key finding of the present study was that short-term treatment with imatinib also significantly attenuated the development of renal injury until day 50, although the degree of renoprotection was slightly inferior to that of long-term treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that administration of imatinib is a promising strategy for limiting the progression of glomerulonephritis (GN) to end-stage renal failure. In particular, a short period of treatment at an early stage of GN is more beneficial in terms of cost-effectiveness and reduction of adverse effects in comparison to a continuous and long period of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Iyoda
- Department of Medicine, Showa UniversitySchool of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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9
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Abstract
The Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) mice provide unique insights into wound repair and regeneration. These mice and the closely related MRL/MpJ-Faslpr /J and Large strains heal wounds made in multiple tissues without production of a fibrotic scar. The precise mechanism of this remarkable ability still eludes researchers, but some data has been generated and insights are being revealed. For example, MRL cells reepithelialize over dermal wound sites faster than cells of other mouse strains. This allows a blastema to develop beneath the protective layer. The MRL mice also have an altered basal immune system and an altered immune response to injury. In addition, MRL mice have differences in their tissue resident progenitor cells and certain cell cycle regulatory proteins. The difficulty often lies in separating the causative differences from the corollary differences. Remarkably, not every tissue in these mice heals scarlessly, and the specific type of wound and priming affect regeneration ability as well. The MRL/MpJ, MRL/MpJ-Faslpr /J, and Large mouse strains are also being investigated for their autoimmune characteristic. Whether the two phenotypes of regeneration and autoimmunity are related remains an enigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlke Heydemann
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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