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Huang L, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Tan F, Ma Y, Zeng X, Cao D, Deng L, Liu Q, Sun H, Shen B, Liao X. Loss of nephric augmenter of liver regeneration facilitates acute kidney injury via ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18076. [PMID: 38088220 PMCID: PMC10844764 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, characterized by lipid accumulation in intracellular compartments, is related to acute kidney injury (AKI), but the mechanism remains obscure. In our previous study, the protective effect of augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) on AKI was not fully clarified. In this study, we established an AKI mouse model by knocking out proximal tubule-specific ALR and an AKI cell model by inducing hypoxia, as well as enrolled AKI patients, to investigate the effects of ALR on ferroptosis and the progression of AKI. We found that ALR knockout aggravated ferroptosis and increased ROS accumulation and mitochondrial damage, whereas ALR overexpression attenuated ferroptosis through clearance of ROS and maintenance of mitochondrial morphology. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ALR could directly bind to long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase 4 (ACSL4) and further inhibit the expression of ACSL4 by interacting with certain regions. By resolution liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry, we found that ALR could reduce the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid. In addition, we showed that ALR binds to ACSL4 and attenuates oxylipin accumulation, exerting a protective effect against ferroptosis in AKI. Therefore, targeting renal ALR can attenuate ferroptosis and can offer a promising strategy for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Fangyan Tan
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yixin Ma
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xujia Zeng
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lili Deng
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral HepatitisThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral HepatitisThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Bingbing Shen
- Department of NephrologyChongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical CenterChongqingChina
| | - Xiaohui Liao
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Kuanren Laboratory of Translational Lipidology, Centre for Lipid ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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CD73-Adenosinergic Axis Mediates the Protective Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Ischemic Renal Damage in a Rat Model of Donation after Circulatory Death. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810681. [PMID: 36142593 PMCID: PMC9501320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a new organ-conditioning strategy based on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSCs)/extracellular vesicle (EVs) delivery during hypothermic perfusion. MSCs/EVs marker CD73 is present on renal proximal tubular cells, and it protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by converting adenosine monophosphate into adenosine (ADO). In this study, after checking if CD73-silenced EVs (EVsi) would impact in vitro tubular-cell proliferation, we perfused kidneys of a rat model of donation after circulatory death, with Belzer solution (BS) alone, BS supplemented with MSCs, EVs, or EVsi. The ADO and ATP levels were measured in the effluents and tissues. Global renal ischemic damage score (GRS), and tubular cell proliferation index (IPT) were evaluated in the tissue. EVsi did not induce cell proliferation in vitro. Ex vivo kidneys perfused with BS or BS + EVsi showed the worst GRS and higher effluent ADO levels than the MSC- and EV-perfused kidneys. In the EV-perfused kidneys, the tissue and effluent ATP levels and IPT were the highest, but not if CD73 was silenced. Tissue ATP content was positively correlated with tissue ADO content and negatively correlated with effluent ADO level in all groups. In conclusion, kidney conditioning with EVs protects against ischemic damage by activating the CD73/ADO system.
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Rosin DL, Hall JP, Zheng S, Huang L, Campos-Bilderback S, Sandoval R, Bree A, Beaumont K, Miller E, Larsen J, Hariri G, Kaila N, Encarnacion IM, Gale JD, van Elsas A, Molitoris BA, Okusa MD. Human Recombinant Alkaline Phosphatase (Ilofotase Alfa) Protects Against Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice and Rats Through Adenosine Receptors. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:931293. [PMID: 35966871 PMCID: PMC9366018 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.931293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from injured or dying cells is a potent pro-inflammatory "danger" signal. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), an endogenous enzyme that de-phosphorylates extracellular ATP, likely plays an anti-inflammatory role in immune responses. We hypothesized that ilofotase alfa, a human recombinant AP, protects kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), a model of acute kidney injury (AKI), by metabolizing extracellular ATP to adenosine, which is known to activate adenosine receptors. Ilofotase alfa (iv) with or without ZM241,385 (sc), a selective adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist, was administered 1 h before bilateral IRI in WT, A2AR KO (Adora2a-/- ) or CD73-/- mice. In additional studies recombinant alkaline phosphatase was given after IRI. In an AKI-on-chronic kidney disease (CKD) ischemic rat model, ilofotase alfa was given after the three instances of IRI and rats were followed for 56 days. Ilofotase alfa in a dose dependent manner decreased IRI in WT mice, an effect prevented by ZM241,385 and partially prevented in Adora2a-/- mice. Enzymatically inactive ilofotase alfa was not protective. Ilofotase alfa rescued CD73-/- mice, which lack a 5'-ectonucleotidase that dephosphorylates AMP to adenosine; ZM241,385 inhibited that protection. In both rats and mice ilofotase alfa ameliorated IRI when administered after injury, thus providing relevance for therapeutic dosing of ilofotase alfa following established AKI. In an AKI-on-CKD ischemic rat model, ilofotase alfa given after the third instance of IRI reduced injury. These results suggest that ilofotase alfa promotes production of adenosine from liberated ATP in injured kidney tissue, thereby amplifying endogenous mechanisms that can reverse tissue injury, in part through A2AR-and non-A2AR-dependent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane L. Rosin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Diane L. Rosin, , orcid.org/0000-0003-0187-5717
| | - J. Perry Hall
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Shuqiu Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Silvia Campos-Bilderback
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ruben Sandoval
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andrea Bree
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Kevin Beaumont
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Emily Miller
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, United States
| | - Jennifer Larsen
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, United States
| | - Ghazal Hariri
- Drug Product Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Neelu Kaila
- Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Iain M. Encarnacion
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jeremy D. Gale
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Bruce A. Molitoris
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Mark D. Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Schädlich IS, Schnapauff O, Pöls L, Schrader J, Tolosa E, Rissiek B, Magnus T. Nt5e deficiency does not affect post-stroke inflammation and lesion size in a murine ischemia/reperfusion stroke model. iScience 2022; 25:104470. [PMID: 35692634 PMCID: PMC9184566 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP released to the ischemic brain parenchyma is quickly metabolized by ectonucleotidases. Among them, the ecto-5′-nucleotidase CD73 encoded by Nt5e generates immunosuppressive adenosine. Genetic deletion of Nt5e led to increased infarct size in the murine photothrombotic stroke model. We aimed at validating this result using the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) stroke model that represents pathophysiological aspects of penumbra and reperfusion. Three days after tMACO, we did not detect a difference in stroke size between CD73-deficient (CD73−/−) and control mice. Consistent with this finding, CD73−/− and control mice showed comparable numbers and composition of brain-infiltrating leukocytes measured by flow cytometry. Using NanoString technology, we further demonstrated that CD73−/− and control mice do not differ regarding glia cell gene expression profiles. Our findings highlight the potential impact of stroke models on study outcome and the need for cross-validation of originally promising immunomodulatory candidates. Infarct volume on day 3 after tMCAO was comparable among CD73−/− and control mice Brain leukocyte infiltration on day 3 after tMCAO was similar in CD73−/− and control mice Glial RNA expression profile on day 3 after tMCAO was similar in CD73−/− and control mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sophie Schädlich
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Schnapauff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Lennart Pöls
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Rissiek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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Li D, Zhang H, Wu X, Dai Q, Tang S, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhang W. Role of tRNA derived fragments in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ren Fail 2022; 44:815-825. [PMID: 35546262 PMCID: PMC9116270 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2072336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). tRNA derived fragments (tRFs/tiRNAs) are groups of small noncoding RNAs derived from tRNAs. To date, the role of tRFs/tiRNAs in renal IRI has not been reported. Herein, we aimed to investigate the involvement of tRFs/tiRNAs in the occurrence and development of ischemia–reperfusion-induced AKI. Methods Moderate/severe renal IRI mouse models were established by bilateral renal pedicle clamping. The tRF/tiRNA profiles of healthy controls and moderate/severe IRI-stressed kidney tissues were sequenced by Illumina NextSeq 500. Candidate differentially expressed tiRNAs were further verified by RT-qPCR. Biological analysis was also performed. Results Overall, 152 tRFs/tiRNAs were differentially expressed in the moderate ischemic injury group compared with the normal control group (FC > 2, p < 0.05), of which 47 were upregulated and 105 were downregulated; in the severe ischemic injury group, 285 tRFs/tiRNAs were differentially expressed (FC > 2, p < 0.05), of which 157 were upregulated, and 128 were downregulated. RT-qPCR determination of eight abundantly expressed tiRNAs was consistent with the sequencing results. Gene Ontology analysis for target genes of the tRFs/tiRNAs showed that the most enriched cell components, molecular functions and biological processes were Golgi apparatus, cytoplasmic vesicles, protein binding, cellular protein localization and multicellular organism development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that these target genes were mainly involved in the natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway, citrate cycle, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton signaling pathway. Conclusion Our results indicated that tRFs/tiRNAs were involved in renal IRI. These tRFs/tiRNAs may be effective partly via regulation of renal immunity, inflammation and metabolism processes. Candidate genes, including tiRNA-Gly-GCC-003, tiRNA-Lys-CTT-003, and tiRNA-His-GTG-002, might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of ischemia–reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shiqi Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Hira K, Sharma P, Mahale A, Prakash Kulkarni O, Sajeli Begum A. Cyclo(Val-Pro) and Cyclo(Leu-Hydroxy-Pro) from Pseudomonas sp. (ABS-36) alleviates acute and chronic renal injury under in vitro and in vivo models (Ischemic reperfusion and unilateral ureter obstruction). Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 103:108494. [PMID: 34973530 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to identify small molecules having potentiality in alleviating renal injury. Two natural compounds cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) and cyclo(Leu-Hydroxy-Pro) (2) were first evaluated under acute renal injury model of ischemic reperfusion at different doses of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg body weight. Further, the compounds were subjected to antimycin A-induced ischemic in vitro study (NRK-52E cell lines). Both the compounds significantly decreased plasma IL-1β levels (P < 0.05). Also, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and renal injury markers (KIM-1, NGAL, α-GST and π-GST) in the renal tissues were significantly alleviated (P < 0.01) along with the improvement in histological damage and control over neutrophil infiltration as a result of ischemic reperfusion. The in vitro study revealed the protective effect against antimycin A-induced cytotoxicity (P < 0.05) and antiapoptotic effect acting through the regulation of Bax, caspase 3 (pro and cleaved) and BCL2 with reduction in Annexin+PI+ cells. Further, the compound cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) was evaluated (50 mg/kg body weight dose) in chronic unilateral ureter obstruction model of renal injury in mice and TGF-β-induced in vitro fibrotic model (NRK-49F cell lines). Cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) significantly reduced the expression levels of fibrotic markers (collagen-1, α-SMA and TGF-β) and showed marked alleviation of renal fibrosis (sirius red staining). Also, the proliferation of TGF-β-induced NRK-49F cells was significantly reduced along with decreased levels of collagen-1 and α-SMA in immunohistochemistry studies. In conclusion, the compounds significantly abrogated ischemic injury by inhibiting renal inflammation and tubular epithelial apoptosis. Further, cyclo (Val-Pro) (1) exhibited significant anti-fibrotic activity through the inhibition of fibroblast activation and proliferation. Thus, these proline-based cyclic dipeptides are recommended as drug leads for treating renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Hira
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Pravesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Ashutosh Mahale
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Onkar Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - A Sajeli Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India.
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7
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Liu ZN, Wu X, Fang Q, Li ZX, Xia GQ, Cai JN, Lv XW. CD73 Attenuates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury and Inflammation via Blocking TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:53-70. [PMID: 35023943 PMCID: PMC8743621 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s341680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is liver damage caused by long-term drinking. Inflammation plays a central role in the progression of ALD. CD73 is a ubiquitously expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that is a key enzyme that converts ATP into adenosine. Evidence has shown that CD73 plays an important role in many diseases, but the role and mechanism of CD73 in alcohol-induced liver injury and inflammation is still unclear. Methods The alcohol-induced liver injury and inflammation mouse model was established. The rAAV9-CD73 was used to overexpress CD73. Isolation of primary macrophages (MΦ) from the liver was conducted. The effects of CD73 on alcohol-induced liver injury and inflammation were evaluated by quantitative real‑time PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemical assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis. Results Our results showed that overexpression of CD73 can reduce alcohol-induced liver damage, lipid accumulation, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. pEX3-CD73 can promote RAW264.7 cells proliferation and inhibit apoptosis via suppressing the activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Inhibition of TLR4 further enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of overexpression of CD73. Conclusion Overexpression of CD73 can reduce alcohol-induced liver injury and inflammation. CD73 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ni Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Fang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Xuan Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qing Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Nan Cai
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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8
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Alcedo KP, Bowser JL, Snider NT. The elegant complexity of mammalian ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:829-842. [PMID: 34116887 PMCID: PMC8448938 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic signaling is a fundamental mechanism used by all cells to control their internal activities and interact with the environment. A key component of the purinergic system, the enzyme ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) catalyzes the last step in the extracellular metabolism of ATP to form adenosine. Efforts to harness the therapeutic potential of endogenous adenosine in cancer have culminated in the ongoing clinical development of multiple CD73-targeting antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors. However, recent studies are painting an increasingly complex picture of CD73 mRNA and protein regulation and function in cellular homeostasis, physiological adaptation, and disease development. This review discusses the latest conceptual and methodological advances that are helping to unravel the complexity of this important enzyme that was identified nearly 90 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel P Alcedo
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jessica L Bowser
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Natasha T Snider
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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9
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CD73 Overexpression in Podocytes: A Novel Marker of Podocyte Injury in Human Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147642. [PMID: 34299260 PMCID: PMC8304086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD73 pathway is an important anti-inflammatory mechanism in various disease settings. Observations in mouse models suggested that CD73 might have a protective role in kidney damage; however, no direct evidence of its role in human kidney disease has been described to date. Here, we hypothesized that podocyte injury in human kidney diseases alters CD73 expression that may facilitate the diagnosis of podocytopathies. We assessed the expression of CD73 and one of its functionally important targets, the C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), in podocytes from kidney biopsies of 39 patients with podocytopathy (including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), minimal change disease (MCD), membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and amyloidosis) and a control group. Podocyte CD73 expression in each of the disease groups was significantly increased in comparison to controls (p < 0.001–p < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a marked negative correlation between CD73 and CCR2 expression, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (Pearson r = −0.5068, p = 0.0031; Pearson r = −0.4705, p = 0.0313, respectively), thus suggesting a protective role of CD73 in kidney injury. Finally, we identify CD73 as a novel potential diagnostic marker of human podocytopathies, particularly of MCD that has been notorious for the lack of pathological features recognizable by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry.
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10
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Casanova AG, Fuentes-Calvo I, Hernández-Sánchez MT, Quintero M, Toral P, Caballero MT, Martínez-Salgado C, Morales AI, Layton AT, Eleno N, López-Hernández FJ. The furosemide stress test and computational modeling identify renal damage sites associated with predisposition to acute kidney injury in rats. Transl Res 2021; 231:76-91. [PMID: 33253980 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosis relies on plasma creatinine concentration (Crpl), a relatively insensitive, surrogate biomarker of glomerular filtration rate that increases only after significant damage befalls. However, damage in different renal structures may occur without increments in Crpl, a condition known as subclinical AKI. Thus, detection of alterations in other aspects of renal function different from glomerular filtration rate must be included in an integral diagnosis of AKI. With this aim, we adapted to and validated in rats (for preclinical research) the furosemide stress test (FST), a tubular function test hitherto performed only in humans. We also tested its sensitivity in detecting subclinical tubular alterations. In particular, we predisposed rats to AKI with 3 mg/kg cisplatin and subsequently subjected them to a triggering insult (ie, 50 mg/kg/d gentamicin for 6 days) that had no effect on nonpredisposed animals but caused an overt AKI in predisposed rats. The FST was performed immediately before adding the triggering insult. Predisposed animals showed a reduced response to the FST (namely, reduced furosemide-induced diuresis and K+ excretion), whereas nonpredisposed animals showed no alteration, compared to the controls. Computational modeling of epithelial transport of solutes and water along the nephrons applied to experimental data suggested that proximal tubule transport was only minimally reduced, the sodium-chloride symporter was upregulated by 50%, and the renal outer medullary potassium channel was downregulated by 85% in predisposed animals. In conclusion, serial coupling of the FST and computational modeling may be used to detect and localize subclinical tubular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo G Casanova
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IECSCYL), Soria, Spain; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Fuentes-Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María T Hernández-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IECSCYL), Soria, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Quintero
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Toral
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María T Caballero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Salgado
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IECSCYL), Soria, Spain; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Disease and Theranostic Modeling (DisMOD) International Consortium, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana I Morales
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain; Disease and Theranostic Modeling (DisMOD) International Consortium, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Anita T Layton
- Departments of Applied Mathematics and Biology, and Schools of Computer Science and Pharmacology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Disease and Theranostic Modeling (DisMOD) International Consortium, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Nélida Eleno
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J López-Hernández
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IECSCYL), Soria, Spain; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain, National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain; Disease and Theranostic Modeling (DisMOD) International Consortium, Salamanca, Spain.
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Kidney inflammaging is promoted by CCR2 + macrophages and tissue-derived micro-environmental factors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:3485-3501. [PMID: 33313981 PMCID: PMC8038964 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of disorders associated with low inflammatory state, such as chronic kidney disease, increases in the elderly. The accumulation of senescent cells during aging and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which leads to inflammaging, is known to be deleterious and account for progressive organ dysfunction. To date, the cellular actors implicated in chronic inflammation in the kidney during aging are still not well characterized. Using the DECyt method, based on hierarchical clustering of flow cytometry data, we showed that aging was associated with significant changes in stromal cell diversity in the kidney. In particular, we identified two cell populations up-regulated with aging, the mesenchymal stromal cell subset (kMSC) expressing CD73 and the monocyte-derived Ly6C+ CCR2+ macrophage subset expressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Aged CD73+ kMSCs depicted senescence associated features with low proliferation rate, increased DNA damage foci and Ccl2 expression. Using co-cultures experiments, we showed that aged CD73+ kMSC promoted monocyte activation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines albeit less efficiently than young CD73+ kMSCs. In the context of ageing, increased frequency of CD73+ kMSC subpopulations could provide additional niche factors to newly recruited monocytes favoring a positive regulatory loop in response to local inflammation. Interfering with such partnership during aging could be a valuable approach to regulate kidney inflammaging and to limit the risk of developing chronic kidney disease in the elderly.
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12
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Allard B, Allard D, Buisseret L, Stagg J. The adenosine pathway in immuno-oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:611-629. [PMID: 32514148 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy based on immune-checkpoint inhibition or adoptive cell therapy has revolutionized cancer care. Nevertheless, a large proportion of patients do not benefit from such treatments. Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in the development of 'next-generation' therapeutics in immuno-oncology, with inhibitors of extracellular adenosine (eADO) signalling constituting an expanding class of agents. Induced by tissue hypoxia, inflammation, tissue repair and specific oncogenic pathways, the adenosinergic axis is a broadly immunosuppressive pathway that regulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. Inhibition of eADO-generating enzymes and/or eADO receptors can promote antitumour immunity through multiple mechanisms, including enhancement of T cell and natural killer cell function, suppression of the pro-tumourigenic effects of myeloid cells and other immunoregulatory cells, and promotion of antigen presentation. With several clinical trials currently evaluating inhibitors of the eADO pathway in patients with cancer, we herein review the pathophysiological function of eADO with a focus on effects on antitumour immunity. We also discuss the treatment opportunities, potential limitations and biomarker-based strategies related to adenosine-targeted therapy in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Allard
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Allard
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurence Buisseret
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John Stagg
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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13
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Sung SSJ, Fu SM. A novel immunofluorescence detection method for renal cell-type specific in situ cytokine production by confocal microscopy. MethodsX 2020; 7:100935. [PMID: 32577408 PMCID: PMC7303990 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of cytokines production in tissues is subjected to significant limitations: (1) Cytokine protein production frequently does not correlate with mRNA levels. (2) Cytokines are secreted rapidly and dissipate from the cellular source, thus making detection difficult. (3) The synthetic rate of many cytokines are low. (4) Tissue fixation ablates antigenic sites and diminishes detection signals. The identification of the cellular sources of cytokines poses an additional challenge because of the lack of suitable and readily available cellular markers. In our renal cytokine production studies in lupus nephritis, we have established methods to resolve problems associated with the identification of cellular sources of pertinent cytokines in the glomerulus and interstitium. Four-color confocal microscopy was used to colocalize cell-type specific markers with cytokines. The cytokine signal was amplified by the incubation of tissue slices in medium containing pan-specific stimulants plus secretion blockers. Tissue fixation was optimized to provide sharp crisp signals. Commercially available Ab suitable for fluorochrome labeling were used to establish cell-specific markers in the tubules and glomeruli. This combination of optimizations allowed us to define the cellular sources of important glomerular cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β which appear to form a cytokine circuit in glomerulonephritis pathogenesis. ● Tissue stimulation and secretion blocking for cytokine detection ● Fixation optimization and Ab source identification for direct staining ● Colocalization of cytokines and renal cell-type specific markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Sang J Sung
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Shu Man Fu
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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14
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Soattin L, Lubberding AF, Bentzen BH, Christ T, Jespersen T. Inhibition of Adenosine Pathway Alters Atrial Electrophysiology and Prevents Atrial Fibrillation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:493. [PMID: 32595514 PMCID: PMC7304385 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adenosine leads to atrial action potential (AP) shortening through activation of adenosine 1 receptors (A1-R) and subsequent opening of G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channels. Extracellular production of adenosine is drastically increased during stress and ischemia. Objective The aim of this study was to address whether the pharmacological blockade of endogenous production of adenosine and of its signaling prevents atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods The role of A1-R activation on atrial action potential duration, refractoriness, and AF vulnerability was investigated in rat isolated beating heart preparations (Langendorff) with an A1-R agonist [2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), 50 nM] and antagonist [1-butyl-3-(3-hydroxypropyl)-8-(3-noradamantyl)xanthine (PSB36), 40 nM]. Furthermore, to interfere with the endogenous adenosine release, the ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73) inhibitor was applied [5′-(α,β-methylene) diphosphate sodium salt (AMPCP), 500 μM]. Isolated trabeculae from human right atrial appendages (hRAAs) were used for comparison. Results As expected, CCPA shortened AP duration at 90% of repolarization (APD90) and effective refractory period (ERP) in rat atria. PSB36 prolonged APD90 and ERP in rat atria, and CD73 inhibition with AMPCP prolonged ERP in rats, confirming that endogenously produced amount of adenosine is sufficiently high to alter atrial electrophysiology. In human atrial appendages, CCPA shortened APD90, while PSB36 prolonged it. Rat hearts treated with CCPA are prone to AF. In contrast, PSB36 and AMPCP prevented AF events and reduced AF duration (vehicle, 11.5 ± 2.6 s; CCPA, 40.6 ± 16.1 s; PSB36, 6.5 ± 3.7 s; AMPCP, 3.0 ± 1.4 s; P < 0.0001). Conclusion A1-R activation by intrinsic adenosine release alters atrial electrophysiology and promotes AF. Inhibition of adenosine pathway protects atria from arrhythmic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Soattin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anniek Frederike Lubberding
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Hjorth Bentzen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Yeudall S, Leitinger N, Laubach VE. Extracellular nucleotide signaling in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:633-640. [PMID: 31605463 PMCID: PMC7042041 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The role of extracellular purine nucleotides, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine, as modulators of posttransplantation outcome and ischemia-reperfusion injury is becoming increasingly evident. Upon pathological release of ATP, binding and activation of P2 purinergic surface receptors promote tissue injury and inflammation, while the expression and activation of P1 receptors for adenosine have been shown to attenuate inflammation and limit ischemia-induced damage, which are central to the viability and long-term success of allografts. Here we review the current state of the transplant field with respect to the role of extracellular nucleotide signaling, with a focus on the sources and functions of extracellular ATP. The connection between ischemia reperfusion, purinergic signaling, and graft preservation, as well as the role of ATP and adenosine as driving factors in the promotion and suppression of posttransplant inflammation and allograft rejection, are discussed. We also examine novel therapeutic approaches that take advantage of the ischemia-reperfusion-responsive and immunomodulatory roles for purinergic signaling with the goal of enhancing graft viability, attenuating posttransplant inflammation, and minimizing complications including rejection, graft failure, and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Yeudall
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Victor E. Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Kato S, Takahashi T, Miyata N, Roman RJ. DMOG, a Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor, Increases Hemoglobin Levels without Exacerbating Hypertension and Renal Injury in Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 372:166-174. [PMID: 31801803 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.262782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are being developed as alternatives to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effects of PHD inhibitors and rHuEPO on blood pressure and CKD in animal models susceptible to hypertension and nephropathy have not been studied. The present study compared the effects of dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), a PHD inhibitor, and rHuEPO on the development of hypertension and renal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed an 8% salt diet for 3 weeks. DMOG and rHuEPO were equally effective at raising hemoglobin levels. Systolic blood pressure rose to a greater extent in rHuEPO-treated rats (267 ± 10 vs. 226 ± 4 mm Hg) than in rats given DMOG (189 ± 8 mm Hg). Urinary protein excretion increased to 568 ± 54 versus 353 ± 25 mg/day in rats treated with rHuEPO and vehicle; however, it only rose to 207 ± 21 mg/day in rats receiving DMOG. DMOG significantly attenuated the degree of glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis as compared with that in vehicle and rHuEPO-treated rats. This was associated with lower renal levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-1β and increased vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cortex and medulla. These results indicate that DMOG and rHuEPO are equally effective in increasing hemoglobin levels in Dahl S rats; however, rHuEPO aggravates hypertension and renal injury, whereas DMOG has marked renoprotective effects. These results suggest that PHD inhibitors may have a therapeutic advantage for the treatment of anemia in CKD. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are in phase 3 clinical trials as alternatives to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) for the treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study reveals that dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), a PHD inhibitor, and rHuEPO are equally effective in increasing hemoglobin levels in Dahl S rats; however, rHuEPO aggravated hypertension and renal injury, whereas DMOG attenuated the development of hypertension and prevented renal injury. PHD inhibitors may provide a safer therapeutic option for the treatment of anemia in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sota Kato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi (S.K., R.J.R.); and Pharmacology Laboratories (S.K., T.T.) and Research Headquarters of Pharmaceutical Operation (N.M.), Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Teisuke Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi (S.K., R.J.R.); and Pharmacology Laboratories (S.K., T.T.) and Research Headquarters of Pharmaceutical Operation (N.M.), Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyata
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi (S.K., R.J.R.); and Pharmacology Laboratories (S.K., T.T.) and Research Headquarters of Pharmaceutical Operation (N.M.), Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Richard J Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi (S.K., R.J.R.); and Pharmacology Laboratories (S.K., T.T.) and Research Headquarters of Pharmaceutical Operation (N.M.), Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan.
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de Leve S, Wirsdörfer F, Jendrossek V. The CD73/Ado System-A New Player in RT Induced Adverse Late Effects. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101578. [PMID: 31623231 PMCID: PMC6827091 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a central component of standard treatment for many cancer patients. RT alone or in multimodal treatment strategies has a documented contribution to enhanced local control and overall survival of cancer patients, and cancer cure. Clinical RT aims at maximizing tumor control, while minimizing the risk for RT-induced adverse late effects. However, acute and late toxicities of IR in normal tissues are still important biological barriers to successful RT: While curative RT may not be tolerable, sub-optimal tolerable RT doses will lead to fatal outcomes by local recurrence or metastatic disease, even when accepting adverse normal tissue effects that decrease the quality of life of irradiated cancer patients. Technical improvements in treatment planning and the increasing use of particle therapy have allowed for a more accurate delivery of IR to the tumor volume and have thereby helped to improve the safety profile of RT for many solid tumors. With these technical and physical strategies reaching their natural limits, current research for improving the therapeutic gain of RT focuses on innovative biological concepts that either selectively limit the adverse effects of RT in normal tissues without protecting the tumor or specifically increase the radiosensitivity of the tumor tissue without enhancing the risk of normal tissue complications. The biology-based optimization of RT requires the identification of biological factors that are linked to differential radiosensitivity of normal or tumor tissues, and are amenable to therapeutic targeting. Extracellular adenosine is an endogenous mediator critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in various tissues. Adenosine is either released from stressed or injured cells or generated from extracellular adenine nucleotides by the concerted action of the ectoenzymes ectoapyrase (CD39) and 5′ ectonucleotidase (NT5E, CD73) that catabolize ATP to adenosine. Recent work revealed a role of the immunoregulatory CD73/adenosine system in radiation-induced fibrotic disease in normal tissues suggesting a potential use as novel therapeutic target for normal tissue protection. The present review summarizes relevant findings on the pathologic roles of CD73 and adenosine in radiation-induced fibrosis in different organs (lung, skin, gut, and kidney) that have been obtained in preclinical models and proposes a refined model of radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity including the disease-promoting effects of radiation-induced activation of CD73/adenosine signaling in the irradiated tissue environment. However, expression and activity of the CD73/adenosine system in the tumor environment has also been linked to increased tumor growth and tumor immune escape, at least in preclinical models. Therefore, we will discuss the use of pharmacologic inhibition of CD73/adenosine-signaling as a promising strategy for improving the therapeutic gain of RT by targeting both, malignant tumor growth and adverse late effects of RT with a focus on fibrotic disease. The consideration of the therapeutic window is particularly important in view of the increasing use of RT in combination with various molecularly targeted agents and immunotherapy to enhance the tumor radiation response, as such combinations may result in increased or novel toxicities, as well as the increasing number of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Leve
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Florian Wirsdörfer
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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18
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Sung SSJ, Fu SM. Interactions among glomerulus infiltrating macrophages and intrinsic cells via cytokines in chronic lupus glomerulonephritis. J Autoimmun 2019; 106:102331. [PMID: 31495649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) and inflammatory cytokines within the glomeruli are critical in this process. However, little information is available for the identities of the cell types that are primarily responsible for the production and function of the various cytokines. We have devised a novel method to visualize cytokine signals in the kidney by confocal microscopy and found that cytokine production within the glomerulus is cell type-specific and under translational control. In the lupus-prone NZM2328 mice with chronic glomerulonephritis, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the glomerulus were produced predominantly by mesangial cells, podocytes, and glomerulus-infiltrating blood-derived macrophages, respectively. Microarray and RNASeq analyses showed that these cells expressed the receptors for these cytokines. Together the 3 cell types form a cytokine circuit in amplifying cytokine responses in LN. The intrinsic cells and infiltrating macrophages also produced other cytokines including M-CSF, SCF, and IL-34 that constituted within the enclosed glomerular space the soluble effector milieu which may mediate cellular damage and proliferation, and cytokine transcriptional and translation regulation. IL-10 and IL-1β were translationally regulated in the glomeruli in the intact kidney in a cell type-specific manner. The production of these 2 cytokines by infiltrating macrophages was undetectable in a visualization system for in situ protein accumulation despite high mRNA expression levels. However, these macrophages in isolated glomeruli which are released from Bowman's capsules produced large amounts of IL-10 and IL-1β. These data reveal the complexity of cytokine regulation, production, and function in the glomerulus and provide a model in which cytokine blocking may be beneficial in LN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Sang J Sung
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| | - Shu Man Fu
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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19
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Perry HM, Görldt N, Sung SSJ, Huang L, Rudnicka KP, Encarnacion IM, Bajwa A, Tanaka S, Poudel N, Yao J, Rosin DL, Schrader J, Okusa MD. Perivascular CD73 + cells attenuate inflammation and interstitial fibrosis in the kidney microenvironment. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F658-F669. [PMID: 31364375 PMCID: PMC6766625 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00243.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis may occur after acute kidney injury due to persistent inflammation. Purinergic signaling by 5'-ectonucleotidase, CD73, an enzyme that converts AMP to adenosine on the extracellular surface, can suppress inflammation. The role of CD73 in progressive kidney fibrosis has not been elucidated. We evaluated the effect of deletion of CD73 from kidney perivascular cells (including pericytes and/or fibroblasts of the Foxd1+ lineage) on fibrosis. Perivascular cell expression of CD73 was necessary to suppress inflammation and prevent kidney fibrosis in Foxd1CreCD73fl/fl mice evaluated 14 days after unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury or folic acid treatment (250 mg/kg). Kidneys of Foxd1CreCD73fl/fl mice had greater collagen deposition, expression of proinflammatory markers (including various macrophage markers), and platelet-derived growth factor recepetor-β immunoreactivity than CD73fl/fl mice. Kidney dysfunction and fibrosis were rescued by administration of soluble CD73 or by macrophage deletion. Isolated CD73-/- kidney pericytes displayed an activated phenotype (increased proliferation and α-smooth muscle actin mRNA expression) compared with wild-type controls. In conclusion, CD73 in perivascular cells may act to suppress myofibroblast transformation and influence macrophages to promote a wound healing response. These results suggest that the purinergic signaling pathway in the kidney interstitial microenvironment orchestrates perivascular cells and macrophages to suppress inflammation and prevent progressive fibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- 5'-Nucleotidase/deficiency
- 5'-Nucleotidase/genetics
- 5'-Nucleotidase/metabolism
- Actins/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Microenvironment
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- GPI-Linked Proteins/deficiency
- GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics
- GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Kidney/immunology
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Nephritis, Interstitial/genetics
- Nephritis, Interstitial/immunology
- Nephritis, Interstitial/metabolism
- Nephritis, Interstitial/pathology
- Pericytes/metabolism
- Pericytes/pathology
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/genetics
- Reperfusion Injury/immunology
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Wound Healing
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Perry
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nicole Görldt
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sun-Sang J Sung
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kinga P Rudnicka
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Iain M Encarnacion
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nabin Poudel
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Junlan Yao
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Diane L Rosin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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20
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Minor M, Alcedo KP, Battaglia RA, Snider NT. Cell type- and tissue-specific functions of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C1079-C1092. [PMID: 31461341 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00285.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ecto-5'-nucleotidase [cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73)] is a ubiquitously expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that converts extracellular adenosine 5'-monophosphate to adenosine. Anti-CD73 inhibitory antibodies are currently undergoing clinical testing for cancer immunotherapy. However, many protective physiological functions of CD73 need to be taken into account for new targeted therapies. This review examines CD73 functions in multiple organ systems and cell types, with a particular focus on novel findings from the last 5 years. Missense loss-of-function mutations in the CD73-encoding gene NT5E cause the rare disease "arterial calcifications due to deficiency of CD73." Aside from direct human disease involvement, cellular and animal model studies have revealed key functions of CD73 in tissue homeostasis and pathology across multiple organ systems. In the context of the central nervous system, CD73 is antinociceptive and protects against inflammatory damage, while also contributing to age-dependent decline in cortical plasticity. CD73 preserves barrier function in multiple tissues, a role that is most evident in the respiratory system, where it inhibits endothelial permeability in an adenosine-dependent manner. CD73 has important cardioprotective functions during myocardial infarction and heart failure. Under ischemia-reperfusion injury conditions, rapid and sustained induction of CD73 confers protection in the liver and kidney. In some cases, the mechanism by which CD73 mediates tissue injury is less clear. For example, CD73 has a promoting role in liver fibrosis but is protective in lung fibrosis. Future studies that integrate CD73 regulation and function at the cellular level with physiological responses will improve its utility as a disease target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marquet Minor
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Karel P Alcedo
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Rachel A Battaglia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Natasha T Snider
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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21
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Ebadi Z, Moradi N, Kazemi Fard T, Balochnejadmojarrad T, Chamani E, Fadaei R, Fallah S. Captopril and Spironolactone Can Attenuate Diabetic Nephropathy in Wistar Rats by Targeting microRNA-192 and microRNA-29a/b/c. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:1134-1142. [PMID: 31433203 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complicated metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease, which results in mortality in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of applying spironolactone (S), captopril (C), and their combination (S+C) on some renal performance indices and microRNAs' (miRNAs) expression. A total of 35 two-month-old male Wistar rats were provided for the study. Intraperitoneal injection of freshly dissolved streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) in cold citrate buffer was used to induce diabetes. Blood samples were examined through calorimetry to assess serum concentrations of glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine. To measure the microalbuminuria and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels and to evaluate the miRNAs expression levels of the kidney tissue, the ELISA method and the real-time PCR were used. The obtained results serve as in vivo evidence for the positive relationship between miR-192 and TGF-β levels in the DN rats. A significant increase and decrease were found for miR-29a/b/c and the miR-192 expression of DN after treatment with S, C, and S+C. TGF-β levels and microalbuminuria of diabetic rats also increased. The results obtained from this research study suggest that S, C, and S + C can improve DN by targeting miR-192 and miR-29 family and changing their expression. These findings suggest that miR-192 and miRs-29a/b/c can be potential targets for DN remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ebadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Toktam Kazemi Fard
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Chamani
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Fadaei
- Sleep Disorder Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Fallah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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de Leve S, Wirsdörfer F, Jendrossek V. Targeting the Immunomodulatory CD73/Adenosine System to Improve the Therapeutic Gain of Radiotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:698. [PMID: 31024543 PMCID: PMC6460721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine is a potent endogenous immunosuppressive mediator critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in various normal tissues including the lung. Adenosine is either released from stressed or injured cells or generated from extracellular adenine nucleotides by the concerted action of the ectoenzymes ectoapyrase (CD39) and 5′ ectonucleotidase (CD73) that catabolize ATP to adenosine. An acute CD73-dependent increase of adenosine in normal tissues mostly exerts tissue protective functions whereas chronically increased adenosine-levels in tissues exposed to DNA damaging chemotherapy or radiotherapy promote pathologic remodeling processes and fibrosis for example in the skin and the lung. Importantly, cancer cells also express CD73 and high CD73 expression in the tumor tissue has been linked to poor overall survival and recurrence free survival in patients suffering from breast and ovarian cancer. CD73 and adenosine support growth-promoting neovascularization, metastasis, and survival in cancer cells. In addition, adenosine can promote tumor intrinsic or therapy-induced immune escape by various mechanisms that dampen the immune system. Consequently, modulating CD73 or cancer-derived adenosine in the tumor microenvironment emerges as an attractive novel therapeutic strategy to limit tumor progression, improve antitumor immune responses, avoid therapy-induced immune deviation, and potentially limit normal tissue toxicity. However, the role of CD73/adenosine signaling in the tumor and normal tissue responses to radiotherapy and its use as therapeutic target to improve the outcome of radiotherapy approaches is less understood. The present review will highlight the dual role of CD73 and adenosine in tumor and tissue responses to radiotherapy with a special focus to the lung. It will also discuss the potential benefits and risks of pharmacologic modulation of the CD73/adenosine system to increase the therapeutic gain of radiotherapy or combined radioimmunotherapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Leve
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Wirsdörfer
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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23
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Oh CS, Kim K, Kang WS, Woo NS, Kang PS, Kim JS, Kim HR, Lee SH, Kim SH. Comparison of the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)39 and CD73 between propofol- and sevoflurane-based anaesthesia during open heart surgery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10197. [PMID: 29977072 PMCID: PMC6033940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)39 and CD73 has cardio-protective effects. We hypothesised that the expression of CD39 and CD73 would differ between propofol- and volatile anaesthetic-based anaesthesia in patients undergoing open heart surgery (OHS). The objective of this prospective randomized trial was to compare the changes in CD39 and CD73 levels in CD4+ T cells between propofol- and sevoflurane-based anaesthesia during OHS. The study randomly allocated 156 patients undergoing OHS to a propofol or sevoflurane group. Blood was obtained preoperatively and up to 48 hours after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The expression levels of CD39 and CD73 in circulating CD4+ T cells, serum cytokines and other laboratory parameters were analysed. The primary outcome was the expression of CD39 and CD73 on CD4+ T cells. Demographic data and perioperative haemodynamic changes did not show significant differences between the two groups. The expression of CD39 and CD73 in the sevoflurane group was significantly lower than in the propofol group (P < 0.001). Other laboratory findings including cardiac enzymes and cytokine levels, did not show significant intergroup differences. Propofol attenuated the decrease in CD39 and CD73 in circulating CD4+ T cells compared to sevoflurane-based anaesthesia during OHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Sik Oh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Karam Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woon-Seok Kang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Sik Woo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Po-Soon Kang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyop Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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24
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Zheng H, Lan J, Li J, Lv L. Therapeutic effect of berberine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its effect on Bax and Bcl-2. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2008-2012. [PMID: 30186432 PMCID: PMC6122414 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of berberine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its effect on Bax and Bcl-2. Sixty adult SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group A, renal ischemia-reperfusion group B, berberine group C and berberine + exendin-(9-39) treatment group D. In group A, right kidney was resected and left renal pedicle was separated, but left renal artery was not blocked. Renal ischemia-reperfusion model was established in other groups. Rats in group C were not subjected to any treatment after model construction. Rats in group C and D were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of berberine 7 days before the experiment. Besides that, intraperitoneal injection of exendin-(9-39) was performed at day 1 and 4 after model construction. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to measure serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal cortex was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and contents of Bax and Bcl-2 in renal tissue were measured by western blot analysis. Apoptosis of rat renal cells was detected by TUNEL assay. The results showed that levels of SCr, BUN, MDA and Bax were significantly higher in group B than in other groups (P<0.05). Levels of Bcl-2 in group B were significantly higher than those in group A but significantly lower than those in group C and D. Compared with group A, apoptosis of renal cells was more severe in group B. Compared with group B, apoptosis of renal cells was significantly improved in group C and D, but was still more severe than that in group A. In conclusion, berberine can effectively improve renal function in rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting Bax expression and promoting Bcl-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiya Zheng
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lan
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Jinmei Li
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Leili Lv
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
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25
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Jankowski J, Perry HM, Medina CB, Huang L, Yao J, Bajwa A, Lorenz UM, Rosin DL, Ravichandran KS, Isakson BE, Okusa MD. Epithelial and Endothelial Pannexin1 Channels Mediate AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:1887-1899. [PMID: 29866797 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017121306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pannexin1 (Panx1), an ATP release channel, is present in most mammalian tissues, but the role of Panx1 in health and disease is not fully understood. Panx1 may serve to modulate AKI; ATP is a precursor to adenosine and may function to block inflammation, or ATP may act as a danger-associated molecular pattern and initiate inflammation.Methods We used pharmacologic and genetic approaches to evaluate the effect of Panx1 on kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), a mouse model of AKI.Results Pharmacologic inhibition of gap junctions, including Panx1, by administration of carbenoxolone protected mice from IRI. Furthermore, global deletion of Panx1 preserved kidney function and morphology and diminished the expression of proinflammatory molecules after IRI. Analysis of bone marrow chimeric mice revealed that Panx1 expressed on parenchymal cells is necessary for ischemic injury, and both proximal tubule and vascular endothelial Panx1 tissue-specific knockout mice were protected from IRI. In vitro, Panx1-deficient proximal tubule cells released less and retained more ATP under hypoxic stress.Conclusions Panx1 is involved in regulating ATP release from hypoxic cells, and reducing this ATP release may protect kidneys from AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Jankowski
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Departments of
| | - Heather M Perry
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Departments of
| | - Christopher B Medina
- Pharmacology.,Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, and.,Beirne Carter Center for Immunology.,Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Departments of
| | - Junlan Yao
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Departments of
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Departments of
| | - Ulrike M Lorenz
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, and.,Beirne Carter Center for Immunology
| | | | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, and.,Beirne Carter Center for Immunology.,Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, and
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Departments of
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26
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Kishore BK, Robson SC, Dwyer KM. CD39-adenosinergic axis in renal pathophysiology and therapeutics. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:109-120. [PMID: 29332180 PMCID: PMC5940625 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP interacts with purinergic type 2 (P2) receptors and elicits many crucial biological functions. Extracellular ATP is sequentially hydrolyzed to ADP and AMP by the actions of defined nucleotidases, such as CD39, and AMP is converted to adenosine, largely by CD73, an ecto-5'-nucleotidase. Extracellular adenosine interacts with P1 receptors and often opposes the effects of P2 receptor activation. The balance between extracellular ATP and adenosine in the blood and extracellular fluid is regulated chiefly by the activities of CD39 and CD73, which constitute the CD39-adenosinergic axis. In recent years, several studies have shown this axis to play critical roles in transport of water/sodium, tubuloglomerular feedback, renin secretion, ischemia reperfusion injury, renal fibrosis, hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, transplantation, inflammation, and macrophage transformation. Important developments include global and targeted gene knockout and/or transgenic mouse models of CD39 or CD73, biological or small molecule inhibitors, and soluble engineered ectonucleotidases to directly impact the CD39-adenosinergic axis. This review presents a comprehensive picture of the multiple roles of CD39-adenosinergic axis in renal physiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutics. Scientific advances and greater understanding of the role of this axis in the kidney, in both health and illness, will direct development of innovative therapies for renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bellamkonda K. Kishore
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, and Center on Aging, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT USA
- Nephrology Research, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, 500 Foothill Drive (151M), Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology and Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Karen M. Dwyer
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
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27
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Sung SSJ, Ge Y, Dai C, Wang H, Fu SM, Sharma R, Hahn YS, Yu J, Le TH, Okusa MD, Bolton WK, Lawler JR. Dependence of Glomerulonephritis Induction on Novel Intraglomerular Alternatively Activated Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages and Mac-1 and PD-L1 in Lupus-Prone NZM2328 Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2589-2601. [PMID: 28219886 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular damage mediated by glomerulus-infiltrating myeloid-derived cells is a key pathogenic event in lupus nephritis (LN), but the process is poorly understood. Confocal microscopy of kidney sections and flow cytometry analysis of glomerular cells from magnetic bead-purified glomeruli have identified glomerulus-infiltrating leukocyte populations in NZM2328 (NZM) lupus-prone mice with spontaneous chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) and anti-glomerular basement membrane-induced nephritis. The occurrence of a major glomerulus-infiltrating CD11b+F4/80-I-A- macrophage population exhibiting the markers programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), Mac-2, and macrophage mannose receptor (CD206) and producing Klf4, Il10, Retnla, Tnf, and Il6 mRNA, which are known to be expressed by alternatively activated (M2b) macrophages, correlated with proteinuria status. In NZM mice with spontaneous LN, glomerular macrophage infiltration is predominant. CD11b+F4/80-I-A- intraglomerular macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are important in inducing GN, as anti-CD11b and -ICAM-1 mAb inhibited both proteinuria and macrophage and PMN infiltration. The predominant and high expression of PD-L1 by CD11b+F4/80-I-A- glomerular macrophages in kidneys of mice with GN and the inhibition of proteinuria by anti-PD-L1 mAb supported the pathogenic role of these macrophages but not the PD-L1- PMN in GN development and in inducing podocyte damage. In NZM mice with spontaneous chronic GN and severe proteinuria, few glomerulus-infiltrating PMN were found, leaving macrophages and, to a less extent, dendritic cells as the major infiltrating leukocytes. Taken together, these data support the important pathogenic effect of CD11b+F4/80-I-A- M2b-like glomerulus-infiltrating macrophages in LN and reinforce macrophages as a promising target for GN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Sang J Sung
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; .,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Yan Ge
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Chao Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Shu Man Fu
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Young S Hahn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Thu H Le
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Warren K Bolton
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Jessica R Lawler
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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