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Edah E, Patel D, Singh J, Tiesenga F. Verruca Vulgaris-Associated Cutaneous Horn: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e38962. [PMID: 37313094 PMCID: PMC10259315 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A cutaneous horn is a yellow or white-colored conical projection made up of complex keratin that arises from the surface of the skin. It is usually diagnosed clinically but requires histologic examination to rule out malignancy or determine the underlying lesion. Verruca vulgaris, a human papillomavirus-associated lesion, is a very common benign underlying lesion. We present a case of an 80-year-old female who presented with a cutaneous horn on a unique location, the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) of her left fourth digit. Post-excision biopsy revealed a diagnosis of a verruca vulgaris-associated cutaneous horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Edah
- Department of Surgery, All Saints University, Roseau, DMA
| | - Dhruviben Patel
- Department of Surgery, St. George's University, True Blue, GRD
| | - Jetvir Singh
- Department of Surgery, Windsor University School of Medicine, Cayon, KNA
| | - Frederick Tiesenga
- Department of General Surgery, West Suburban Medical Center, Chicago, USA
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Khocht A. Oral Squamous Papilloma Mimicking Oral Verrucous Leukoplakia. Cureus 2022; 14:e31739. [PMID: 36569715 PMCID: PMC9770011 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a non-enveloped DNA virus that causes a variety of skin and mucosal lesions. This report reviews a likely HPV-related lesion of oral squamous cell papilloma clinically mimicking oral verrucous leukoplakia. A 71-year-old white male presented with a raised white lesion on the palatal mucosa. It felt hard on palpation and had a sessile fixed base, and a rough verrucous surface. The lesion was fully excised. Histopathology showed short, thin, fingerlike projections lined by stratified squamous epithelium with thin central connective tissue cores. The epithelial superficial layers demonstrated focal koilocytotic changes suggestive of an HPV infection. High-risk HPV-related lesions have the potential to turn malignant. Early diagnosis and management are critical to preventing serious complications.
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Khoo LK, Chai LE, Bhattarai BP, Rokaya D, Yongvanichakorn B, Wongsirichat N. Rare Report Case of Oral Verruca Vulgaris on Torus Palatinus. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:227-229. [PMID: 34674196 PMCID: PMC8890908 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Verruca vulgaris, also known as common warts, is most often seen on the skin of hands and feet. Human papilloma virus (HPV) plays an aetiological role in the development of this lesion. Oral verruca vulgaris (OVV) may occur on the palate, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Although asymptomatic and benign, HPV has been linked to squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity and oropharyngeal areas. Therefore, prompt surgical removal of OVV is warranted. We report a case of a OVV in a 48-year-old male patient on palate. The lesion was a white nonscrapable lesion in the middle of a torus palatinus. Excisional biopsy was done together with surgical removal of torus palatinus. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of OVV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Low Eng Chai
- Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonaur Yongvanichakorn
- Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthamet Wongsirichat
- Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Vashisht S, Mishra H, Mishra PK, Ekielski A, Talegaonkar S. Structure, Genome, Infection Cycle and Clinical Manifestations Associated with Human Papillomavirus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 20:1260-1280. [PMID: 31376818 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190802115722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A small, non-enveloped, obligatory parasite, Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to be the cause of a range of malignancies. These entail benign infections like genital warts as well as malignant, life-threatening conditions such as cervical cancer. Since a very high mortality rate is associated with HPV caused cancers (cervical cancer is a 2nd leading cause of death caused due to cancer among women globally), there is an escalating need to understand and search for ways to combat such medical conditions. Under the same light, the given article provides an insight into the world of this versatile pathogen. Distinct aspects related to HPV have been discussed here. Emphasis has been laid upon the composition, function and assembly of capsid proteins (structural studies) and various genetic elements and their gene products (genomic studies). The essence of the mechanism behind the development of persistent infection and modes responsible for the transmission of the infectious particles has been briefly covered. Finally, the review outlines various infections and diseases caused by HPV with a major focus on their clinical and histological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Vashisht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Harshita Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan K Mishra
- Department of Wood Processing, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Ekielski
- Department of Production Management and Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, India.,School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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A Retrospective Study of a Chinese Traditional Medicine YIKEER in the Treatment of Verruca Patients in Liaoning District. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9896148. [PMID: 31976004 PMCID: PMC6955137 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9896148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background There are many possible ways to treat verruca, but no one is the single perfect treatment. YIKEER is a kind of compound preparation of Chinese traditional medicine, which has been used in the treatment of verruca for several years. Aim To confirm the effects of YIKEER for verruca. Method Patients with verruca vulgaris, verruca plantaris, or verruca plana were instructed to apply YIKEER stock solution or diluent to the lesions once or twice daily for 5–7 days. Then, the YIKEER was ceased for 3–4 days, and sea buckthorn oil was used for wound repairing. The total procession was defined as one session. Result Respective 88.05% verruca vulgaris patients, 86.03% verruca plantaris patients, and 82.42% verruca plana patients achieved complete response. Most patients gained complete or partial responses after 4 treatment sessions. The percentage of patients who achieved at least 50% improvement was 90.34% for verruca vulgaris, 90.60% for verruca plantaris, and 80.91% for verruca plana after 4-session treatment. The efficacy of verruca vulgaris or verruca plantaris was better than that of verruca plana. Conclusion YIKEER is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated agent for treating verruca including verruca vulgaris, verruca plantaris, and verruca plana.
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Rajendra Santosh AB, Christian NA, Jones T, Thoms-Rodriguez CAA, Condappa A, Thompson T, Pinkney J, Barton EN, Lindo J. Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus genotypes in oral rinses from HIV-positive and HIV-negative Jamaican patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 10:e12365. [PMID: 30338674 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been reported to be associated with oral and oropharyngeal cancer. However, little information is available about the epidemiology of oral HPV infection in Jamaica. The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of oral HPV strains using the oral rinse method in HIV and non-HIV Jamaican patients, as well as to determine the association of HPV with sexual practices, smoking, and alcohol use. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients attending The University of the West Indies Mona Dental Polyclinic and the Centre for HIV/AIDS Research and Education Services. Salivary samples were tested through molecular analysis for 37 HPV genotypes using the linear array HPV genotyping test. A survey questionnaire was used to obtain demographic details, smoking history, alcohol practice, sexual practice, and history of HPV testing. RESULTS The HPV prevalence was 8.65% in 18-64 y olds (N = 104), with a slight female predilection (55%). No high-risk HPV types were found. HPV-84 was the most common type in both HIV and non-HIV patients; 66.7% of HPV-positive participants reported that they had six or more lifetime sexual partners. CONCLUSION The prevalence of oral HPV was similar to that in other countries. No statistically-significant relationship was observed between the prevalence of HPV and either the number of sexual partners, smoking, or alcohol history. A nationwide study on oral HPV detection might be helpful in developing a HPV vaccination policy in Jamaica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind B Rajendra Santosh
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Nicole A Christian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Thaon Jones
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | | | - Andrew Condappa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Tamara Thompson
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Jodian Pinkney
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Everard N Barton
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - John Lindo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
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Behdari A, Saburi E. Successful treatment of common warts with alum. Anc Sci Life 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_79_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Peripheral Exophytic Oral Lesions: A Clinical Decision Tree. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:9193831. [PMID: 28757870 PMCID: PMC5516740 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9193831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of peripheral oral exophytic lesions might be quite challenging. This review article aimed to introduce a decision tree for oral exophytic lesions according to their clinical features. General search engines and specialized databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline Plus, EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus, Embase, and authenticated textbooks were used to find relevant topics by means of keywords such as “oral soft tissue lesion,” “oral tumor like lesion,” “oral mucosal enlargement,” and “oral exophytic lesion.” Related English-language articles published since 1988 to 2016 in both medical and dental journals were appraised. Upon compilation of data, peripheral oral exophytic lesions were categorized into two major groups according to their surface texture: smooth (mesenchymal or nonsquamous epithelium-originated) and rough (squamous epithelium-originated). Lesions with smooth surface were also categorized into three subgroups according to their general frequency: reactive hyperplastic lesions/inflammatory hyperplasia, salivary gland lesions (nonneoplastic and neoplastic), and mesenchymal lesions (benign and malignant neoplasms). In addition, lesions with rough surface were summarized in six more common lesions. In total, 29 entities were organized in the form of a decision tree in order to help clinicians establish a logical diagnosis by a stepwise progression method.
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Vani NV, Idris AM, Saleh SM, Tubaigy FM, Alharbi FA, Sharwani AA, Tadrus N, Warnakulasuriya S. Retrospective analysis of benign orofacial tumors at a tertiary referral center in Saudi Arabia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 8. [PMID: 28052640 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of benign tumors of the orofacial region at a tertiary referral center in the south-western region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS Cases from 2009 to 2014 were retrieved from October 2014 to June 2015 from the archives of the histopathology department of the center. Demographic and clinical details of the patients were recorded. RESULTS Of the 714 oral and maxillofacial biopsy specimens, 78 (10.9%) were benign tumors. The mean age and range were 34.6±19.8 and 3-85 year, respectively. Sex distribution was equal. Most tumors were mesenchymal (34.6%), followed by epithelial (26.9%), odontogenic (20.5%), and salivary gland tumors (17.9%). Squamous cell papilloma (20.5%) was the most common, followed by pleomorphic adenoma (15.4%) and fibrous tumors (15.4%). CONCLUSIONS The low prevalence of benign orofacial tumors found in this study indicates a lack of awareness of the importance of taking biopsy for such lesions. The information reported here emphasizes the need for biopsy investigation for all oral lesions to ascertain appropriate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali M Idris
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa M Saleh
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M Tubaigy
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Alharbi
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubakr A Sharwani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Tadrus
- Department of Histopathology Laboratory, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Dayakar MM, Shipilova A, Gupta D. Periodontal pocket as a potential reservoir of high risk human papilloma virus: A pilot study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016; 20:136-40. [PMID: 27143823 PMCID: PMC4847457 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.170815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Human papilloma viruses (HPVs) are small DNA viruses that have been identified in periodontal pocket as well as gingival sulcus. High risk HPVs are also associated with a subset of head and neck carcinomas. HPV detection in periodontium has previously involved DNA detection. This study attempts to: (a) Detect the presence or absence of high risk HPV in marginal periodontiun by identifying E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA) in cells from samples obtained by periodontal pocket scraping. (b) Detect the percentage of HPV E6/E7 mRNA in cells of pocket scrapings, which is responsible for producing oncoproteins E6 and E7. Materials and Methods: Pocket scrapings from the periodontal pockets of eight subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis were taken the detection of presence or absence of E6, E7 mRNA was performed using in situ hybridization and flow cytometry. Results: HPV E6/E7 mRNA was detected in four of the eight samples. Conclusion: Presence of high risk human papillomaviruses in periodontal pockets patients of diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, not suffering from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the present day could link periodontitis to HPV related squamous cell carcinoma. Prevalence studies are needed detecting the presence of HPV in marginal periodontium as well as prospective studies of HPV positive periodontitis patients are required to explore this possible link.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Shipilova
- Department of Periodontics, K.V.G Dental College, Sullia, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India
| | - Dinesh Gupta
- Director, Curehealth Diagnostics Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi, India
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