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Ahmed J, AlSaleh A, Almarabheh AJ, Ismail LC, Almuqahwi AAM, AlOmer HWA, AlAlhareth IM, Albader SJM, Alhajeri SS, Al Dhaheri AS. Lifestyle and Dietary Patterns during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Bahrain: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112543. [PMID: 37299508 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, perceived weight, sleep, and physical activity worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this study, we aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on these lifestyle factors in Bahrain. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1005 adult Bahrainis. Data were collected online using a structured and validated questionnaire for the assessment of eating habits, physical activity, and lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were snowballed through those who agreed to answer the online questionnaire. There was a higher consumption of fast food, and a higher dependence on takeaways during the COVID-19 pandemic. About 63.5% of the participants consumed >4 meals per day, compared to 36.5% before the COVID-19. About 30% reported consumption of sugar sweetened beverages from two to three times a day. Weight loss was predominantly observed in persons exercising 1-3 times a week. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was also high, with about 19% reporting drinking sweet beverages once every day, 10.6% from two to three times a day, and 40.4% from one to four times a week. A higher proportion of the participants reported poor sleep quality during the pandemic (31.2%) compared to before (12.2%), and 39.7% of the participants reported feeling lazy. Screen time use also doubled during the pandemic, with participants spending more than five hours per day on screens for entertainment, which went from 22.4% before to 51.9% during the pandemic. The lifestyle and dietary habits changed drastically for our study participants during the pandemic. The increased reliance on processed fast food instead of healthier options is a challenge to be tackled in any future pandemic situation. Future research needs to focus on strategies to promote healthier lifestyle modifications during situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Aseel AlSaleh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Amer J Almarabheh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Aysha A M Almuqahwi
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Hussa W A AlOmer
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Ibrahim M AlAlhareth
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Sabiha J M Albader
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Saad S Alhajeri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Ayesha S Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Van Laren A, Drießen M, Rasa S, Massar K, Ten Hoor GA. Nutritional changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid scoping review on the impact of psychological factors. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:124-187. [PMID: 36823035 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2180613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 and the resulting measures to curb the spread of the virus have significantly changed our lives, including our nutritional choices. In this rapid scoping review an overview is provided of what psychological factors may be associated with peoples' eating behaviour during COVID-19 restrictions. Relevant literature was identified using PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases from 2019 onwards. For included studies, information on study characteristics, eating behaviours, and psychological factors were extracted. 118 articles were included, representing 30 countries. Findings indicated that most people consumed more and unhealthy food in times of COVID-19 restrictions, while some consumed less but often for the wrong reasons. Several psychological factors, related to (1) affective reactions, (2) anxiety, fear and worriers, (3) stress and (4) subjective and mental wellbeing were found to be associated with this increase in food consumption. These outcomes may help to be better inform future interventions, and with that, to be better prepared in case of future lockdown scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Van Laren
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mona Drießen
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sophia Rasa
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Massar
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gill A Ten Hoor
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Brakspear L, Boules D, Nicholls D, Burmester V. The Impact of COVID-19-Related Living Restrictions on Eating Behaviours in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173657. [PMID: 36079914 PMCID: PMC9460286 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted the imposition of physical and social distancing measures worldwide. Emerging data suggest that younger age groups may be particularly vulnerable to the adverse mental health impacts of the pandemic. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an unprecedented increase in demand for child and adolescent eating disorder services. The aim of this review was to systematically review and appraise the current literature on the impact of COVID-19-related living restrictions on the eating behaviours of children and adolescents. Searches of eight electronic databases were conducted in March 2021 and December 2021 for published and grey literature on eating behaviours of population samples of children and adolescents (aged 18 months to 18 years old) who were exposed to COVID-19-related living restrictions. Of 3165 retrieved references, sixteen studies were included in this review, comprising data from 125, 286 participants. There was a pattern towards healthier eating behaviours among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown. However, young people from lower socioeconomic groups showed a tendency towards more unhealthy eating behaviours, and there was an association between mood difficulties and greater changes in eating; this suggests that such groups may be more vulnerable to the adverse health consequences of lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Brakspear
- North East London Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Training Scheme, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniella Boules
- Division of Psychiatry, 2nd Floor Commonwealth Building, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Dasha Nicholls
- Division of Psychiatry, 2nd Floor Commonwealth Building, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Victoria Burmester
- Division of Psychiatry, 2nd Floor Commonwealth Building, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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Lockdown Due to COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Diet, Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Other Aspects of Daily Life Worldwide: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116832. [PMID: 35682411 PMCID: PMC9180681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is responsible for the disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Besides the important rates of mortality and morbidity directly attributed to the infection itself, many studies detected an important shift towards mostly unhealthy lifestyle patterns in previously healthy non-infected populations all around the world. Although most of the changes in lifestyle had or will have a negative impact on general population health status, some findings are encouraging. Notwithstanding that there was an obvious necessity for governments to apply national lockdowns, it is also necessary to identify and comprehend the consequences they have caused. A narrative literature review was performed, based on scientific articles and previous reviews. An accurate description of changes in eating habits and alcohol consumption, physical activity, mental health, daily routines, economic impacts, and broader effects on society is provided for each continent and different age groups through this review. The volume of selected scientific surveys encompasses approximately 400,000 persons.
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Kifle ZD, Woldeyohanins AE, Asmare B, Atanaw B, Mesafint T, Adugna M. Assessment of lifestyle changes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264617. [PMID: 35303005 PMCID: PMC8932614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 has had a global effect on people’s lifestyles. Many people have developed irregular eating patterns and become physically inactive, which leads to an aggravation of lifestyle-related diseases and unhealthier lifestyles; these, subsequently raise the severity of coronavirus disease 2019. This study aimed to assess lifestyle changes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Gondar town, North West, Ethiopia. Method Community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among households at Gondar town from June to August 2021. The study participants were selected by a systematic random sampling technique from proportionally allocated kebeles. Data were collected using face-to-face interview techniques and were entered and analyzed by using a statistical package for the social sciences version 24; P-values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result Overall, 348 study participants were included in the study. Among those respondents, 52.3% (182) were female study participants and the mean age of the respondents was 30.95±14.4. In this study, there was a significant decrement in non-homemade food from 20.4% to 13.4% at (P = <0.001). Concerning water intake, 11.5% (40) of respondents consumed ≥8 cups/day before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and the percentage increased to 14.7% (51) during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (p = 0.01). Of the participants, 46% participants were reported never engaging in any physical activity before the coronavirus pandemic, and the percentage decreased to 29.9% during the pandemic (P = 0.002). The respondents also exhibited increment tension in large from 4.9% to 22.7% before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, respectively. Furthermore, about 6.3% of the study participants slept badly before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemics and the effects of sleeping badly and restlessly increased to 25.9% during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (P = <0.001). Conclusion The current study demonstrates that there is a noticeable alteration in food consumption, food choices, regular mealtime, sleeping habits, mental exhaustion, and practice of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Alem Endeshaw Woldeyohanins
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Biniyam Asmare
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Atanaw
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Mesafint
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Meaza Adugna
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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García-Esquinas E, Ortolá R, Gine-Vázquez I, Carnicero JA, Mañas A, Lara E, Alvarez-Bustos A, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Sotos-Prieto M, Olaya B, Garcia-Garcia FJ, Gusi N, Banegas JR, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Struijk EA, Martínez-Gómez D, Lana A, Haro JM, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Ara I, Miret M, Rodríguez-Artalejo F. Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137067. [PMID: 34281004 PMCID: PMC8297096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We used data from 3041 participants in four cohorts of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Spain collected through a pre-pandemic face-to-face interview and a telephone interview conducted between weeks 7 to 15 after the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown. On average, the confinement was not associated with a deterioration in lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake, diet, or weight), except for a decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time, which reversed with the end of confinement. However, chronic pain worsened, and moderate declines in mental health, that did not seem to reverse after restrictions were lifted, were observed. Males, older adults with greater social isolation or greater feelings of loneliness, those with poorer housing conditions, as well as those with a higher prevalence of chronic morbidities were at increased risk of developing unhealthier lifestyles or mental health declines with confinement. On the other hand, previously having a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and doing more physical activity protected older adults from developing unhealthier lifestyles with confinement. If another lockdown were imposed during this or future pandemics, public health programs should specially address the needs of older individuals with male sex, greater social isolation, sub-optimal housing conditions, and chronic morbidities because of their greater vulnerability to the enacted movement restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Gine-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; (I.G.-V.); (B.O.); (J.M.H.)
- CIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.L.); (J.L.A.-M.); (M.M.)
| | - José A. Carnicero
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, Getafe University Hospital, 28905 Getafe, Spain; (J.A.C.); (A.A.-B.); (L.R.-M.)
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
| | - Asier Mañas
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Elvira Lara
- CIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.L.); (J.L.A.-M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Alvarez-Bustos
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, Getafe University Hospital, 28905 Getafe, Spain; (J.A.C.); (A.A.-B.); (L.R.-M.)
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
| | - German Vicente-Rodriguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- CIBEROBN (CIBER of Obesity and Nutrition), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Aragón, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; (I.G.-V.); (B.O.); (J.M.H.)
- CIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.L.); (J.L.A.-M.); (M.M.)
| | - Francisco José Garcia-Garcia
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
- Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Narcis Gusi
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
- AFYCAV (Physical Activity, Quality of Life and Health) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jose R. Banegas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Ellen A. Struijk
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Oviedo/ISPA, 33003 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Josep María Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; (I.G.-V.); (B.O.); (J.M.H.)
- CIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.L.); (J.L.A.-M.); (M.M.)
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- CIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.L.); (J.L.A.-M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, Getafe University Hospital, 28905 Getafe, Spain; (J.A.C.); (A.A.-B.); (L.R.-M.)
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
| | - Ignacio Ara
- CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (F.J.G.-G.); (N.G.); (I.R.-G.); (I.A.)
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marta Miret
- CIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.L.); (J.L.A.-M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (J.R.B.); (E.A.S.); (D.M.-G.); (F.R.-A.)
- IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Yu W, Xu Y, Zhang J, Yuan Q, Guo Y, Li Z, He X, Ma Y, Cai F, Liu Z, Zhao R, Wang D, Chen J, Guo Q. The willingness for dietary and behavioral changes in frontline epidemic prevention workers after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:58. [PMID: 34006222 PMCID: PMC8130792 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a massive impact on public health, resulting in sudden dietary and behavioral habit changes. Frontline epidemic prevention workers play a pivotal role against COVID-19. They must face high-risk infection conditions, insufficient anti-epidemic material supplies, mental pressure, and so on. COVID-19 seriously affects their dietary and behavioral habits, and poor habits make them more susceptible to COVID-19. However, their baseline dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of COVID-19 remain unclear for these workers in China. This study aimed to explore the baseline dietary and behavioral habits of frontline workers and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of the epidemic; in addition, susceptible subgroups were identified by stratified analyses as targets of protective measures to keep them from being infected with COVID-19. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using a sample of 22,459 valid individuals living in China, including 9402 frontline epidemic prevention workers. RESULTS Before COVID-19, 23.9% of the frontline epidemic prevention workers reported a high-salt diet, 46.9% of them reported a high frequency of fried foods intake, and 50.9% of them smoked cigarettes. After the outbreak of COVID-19, 34.6% of them expressed a willingness to reduce salt intake, and 43.7% of them wanted to reduce the frequency of pickled vegetables intake. A total of 37.9% of them expressed a willingness to decrease or quit smoking, and 44.5% of them wanted to increase sleep duration. Significant differences in the baseline dietary and behavioral habits and the willingness to change their habits were observed between frontline epidemic prevention workers and other participants. Among the frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19, frontline epidemic prevention experience was a promoting factor for adopting worse dietary and behavioral habits, including those in the high-salt intake subgroup (OR, 2.824; 95% CI, 2.341-3.405) and the 11-20 cigarettes/day subgroup (OR, 2.067; 95% CI, 1.359-3.143). CONCLUSIONS The dietary and behavioral habits of frontline epidemic prevention workers were worse than that those of other participants before COVID-19. They had a greater willingness to adopt healthy dietary and behavioral habits after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19. However, frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 continued in engage in these poor habits. Dietary and behavioral intervention policies should be drafted to protect their health, especially frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor habits at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Yu
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Yanfang Guo
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Zhixue Li
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Xiangyang He
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Fengmin Cai
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Rencheng Zhao
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Dewang Wang
- Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Jialong Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Quanwei Guo
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
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