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Guglielmo A, Zengarini C, Agostinelli C, Motta G, Sabattini E, Pileri A. The Role of Cytokines in Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma: A Focus on the State of the Art and Possible Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2024; 13:584. [PMID: 38607023 PMCID: PMC11012008 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs), encompassing mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), present a complex landscape influenced by cytokines and cellular responses. In this work, the intricate relationship between these inflammatory proteins and disease pathogenesis is examined, focusing on what is known at the clinical and therapeutic levels regarding the most well-known inflammatory mediators. An in-depth look is given to their possible alterations caused by novel immunomodulatory drugs and how they may alter disease progression. From this narrative review of the actual scientific landscape, Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) emerges as a central player, demonstrating a dual role in both promoting and inhibiting cancer immunity, but the work navigates through all the major interleukins known in inflammatory environments. Immunotherapeutic perspectives are elucidated, highlighting the crucial role of the cutaneous microenvironment in shaping dysfunctional cell trafficking, antitumor immunity, and angiogenesis in MF, showcasing advancements in understanding and targeting the immune phenotype in CTCL. In summary, this manuscript aims to comprehensively explore the multifaceted aspects of CTCL, from the immunopathogenesis and cytokine dynamics centred around TNF-α and IFN-γ to evolving therapeutic modalities. Including all the major known and studied cytokines in this analysis broadens our understanding of the intricate interplay influencing CTCL, paving the way for improved management of this complex lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Guglielmo
- Institute of Dermatology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), 33100 Udine, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Corrado Zengarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Agostinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Haematopathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Haematopathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Sabattini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Haematopathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pileri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Kashyap D, Salman H. Targeting Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 and EphA2 in Aggressive Breast Cancer Subtypes with Special References to Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3780. [PMID: 38612592 PMCID: PMC11011362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCA) remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. This review delves into the therapeutic challenges of BCA, emphasizing the roles of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) in tumor progression and resistance. Highlighting their overexpression in BCA, particularly in aggressive subtypes, such as Her-2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we discuss the potential of these receptors as targets for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies. We examine the structural and functional roles of IL-13Rα2 and EphA2, their pathological significance in BCA, and the promising therapeutic avenues their targeting presents. With an in-depth analysis of current immunotherapeutic strategies, including the limitations of existing treatments and the potential of dual antigen-targeting CAR T-cell therapies, this review aims to summarize potential future novel, more effective therapeutic interventions for BCA. Through a thorough examination of preclinical and clinical studies, it underlines the urgent need for targeted therapies in combating the high mortality rates associated with Her-2-enriched and TNBC subtypes and discusses the potential role of IL-13Rα2 and EphA2 as promising candidates for the development of CAR T-cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huda Salman
- Brown Center for Immunotherapy, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
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Bartolomé RA, Martín-Regalado Á, Pintado-Berninches L, Robles J, Ramírez-González MÁ, Boukich I, Sanchez-Gómez P, Balyasnikova IV, Casal JI. Schnurri-3 drives tumor growth and invasion in cancer cells expressing interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:742. [PMID: 37963919 PMCID: PMC10645886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2) is a relevant therapeutic target in glioblastoma (GBM) and other tumors associated with tumor growth and invasion. In a previous study, we demonstrated that protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key mediator of the IL-13/IL13Rα2 signaling pathway. PTP1B regulates cancer cell invasion through Src activation. However, PTP1B/Src downstream signaling mechanisms that modulate the invasion process remain unclear. In the present research, we have characterized the PTP1B interactome and the PTP1B-associated phosphoproteome after IL-13 treatment, in different cellular contexts, using proteomic strategies. PTP1B was associated with proteins involved in signal transduction, vesicle transport, and with multiple proteins from the NF-κB signaling pathway, including Tenascin-C (TNC). PTP1B participated with NF-κB in TNC-mediated proliferation and invasion. Analysis of the phosphorylation patterns obtained after PTP1B activation with IL-13 showed increased phosphorylation of the transcription factor Schnurri-3 (SHN3), a reported competitor of NF-κB. SHN3 silencing caused a potent inhibition in cell invasion and proliferation, associated with a down-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, an extensive decline of MMP9 expression and the subsequent inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models. Regarding clinical value, high expression of SHN3 was associated with poor survival in GBM, showing a significant correlation with the classical and mesenchymal subtypes. In CRC, SHN3 expression showed a preferential association with the mesenchymal subtypes CMS4 and CRIS-B. Moreover, SHN3 expression strongly correlated with IL13Rα2 and MMP9-associated poor prognosis in different cancers. In conclusion, we have uncovered the participation of SNH3 in the IL-13/IL13Rα2/PTP1B pathway to promote tumor growth and invasion. These findings support a potential therapeutic value for SHN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén A Bartolomé
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ángela Martín-Regalado
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Pintado-Berninches
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Robles
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Protein Alternatives SL. Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Issam Boukich
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Protein Alternatives SL. Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchez-Gómez
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irina V Balyasnikova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Ignacio Casal
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Gholipour Z, Fooladi AAI, Parivar K, Halabian R. Targeting glioblastoma multiforme using a novel fusion protein comprising interleukin-13 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 92:105651. [PMID: 37482138 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Targeting cell surface receptors with immunotoxins provides a novel, unique and highly potent treatment against cancers. A high expression of interleukin-13 (IL13) receptor α2 (IL13Rα2) has been reported in different types of cancers including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this paper, to target IL13Rα2 on GBM cells, a fusion protein was generated comprising human IL13 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), termed IL13-linker-SEB. The fusion protein was cloned into pET28a(+) and expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3); U251 (IL13Rα2-positive) and T98G (IL13Rα2-negative) GBM cell lines were employed and the functional activity of IL13-linker-SEB was evaluated by cell ELISA, cytotoxicity (MTT and LDH), apoptosis (flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity), adhesion, scratch and RT-PCR tests. SEB and chemotherapeutic drugs were employed to be compared to IL13-linker-SEB function. The IL13-linker-SEB exhibited higher binding affinity and cytotoxicity compared to SEB on U251 cells, although both recombinant proteins had shown similar behavior regarding T98G cells. Furthermore, the highest induction of apoptosis was observed in U251 cells treated with IL13-linker-SEB which was confirmed by Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The expression of MMP2, MMP9 and VEGFR2 in U251 cells experienced a significant reduction after treatment with IL13-linker-SEB compared to SEB and T98G treated cells. The data showed that IL13-linker-SEB can be considered as a novel potential agent for GBM treatment; however, further research is needed to investigate the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gholipour
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Effer B, Perez I, Ulloa D, Mayer C, Muñoz F, Bustos D, Rojas C, Manterola C, Vergara-Gómez L, Dappolonnio C, Weber H, Leal P. Therapeutic Targets of Monoclonal Antibodies Used in the Treatment of Cancer: Current and Emerging. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2086. [PMID: 37509725 PMCID: PMC10377242 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading global causes of death and disease, and treatment options are constantly evolving. In this sense, the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in immunotherapy has been considered a fundamental aspect of modern cancer therapy. In order to avoid collateral damage, it is indispensable to identify specific molecular targets or biomarkers of therapy and/or diagnosis (theragnostic) when designing an appropriate immunotherapeutic regimen for any type of cancer. Furthermore, it is important to understand the currently employed mAbs in immunotherapy and their mechanisms of action in combating cancer. To achieve this, a comprehensive understanding of the biology of cancer cell antigens, domains, and functions is necessary, including both those presently utilized and those emerging as potential targets for the design of new mAbs in cancer treatment. This review aims to provide a description of the therapeutic targets utilized in cancer immunotherapy over the past 5 years, as well as emerging targets that hold promise as potential therapeutic options in the application of mAbs for immunotherapy. Additionally, the review explores the mechanisms of actin of the currently employed mAbs in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Effer
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Isabela Perez
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Daniel Ulloa
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Carolyn Mayer
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Francisca Muñoz
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Diego Bustos
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Claudio Rojas
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Morfológicos y Quirúrgicos de La, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Carlos Manterola
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Morfológicos y Quirúrgicos de La, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Luis Vergara-Gómez
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Camila Dappolonnio
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Helga Weber
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pamela Leal
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile
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Tomishima K, Fujisawa T, Fukumura Y, Ushio M, Fukuma T, Takahashi S, Takasaki Y, Suzuki A, Ito K, Ishii S, Yao T, Nagahara A, Isayama H. Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma With Strong Expression of Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Shows a Poor Response to Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy. Pancreas 2022; 51:1133-1139. [PMID: 37078936 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with strong expression of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) was associated with poor prognosis and gemcitabine resistance in an orthotopic mouse model. We evaluated the influence of IL-13Rα2 expression in the endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) specimen. METHODS We included patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as diagnosed by EUS-FNA, who received gemcitabine-based chemotherapy (G-CTX). Tumor expression of IL-13Rα2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and classified using a three scale (negative, weak, or strong) in a blinded fashion. The effect of G-CTX was assessed by tumor reduction rate by computed tomography after 3 months. RESULTS A total of 95 patients were enrolled, and 63 and 32 cases were determined with strong and weak/negative expression of IL-13Rα2. The IL-13Rα2-strong group showed significantly poorer progression-free and overall survival rates than weak/negative group (P = 0.0191 and P = 0.0062, respectively). Strong expression of IL-13Rα2 was associated with progression factor after 3 months of the first G-CTX (odds ratio, 13.72; P = 0.0143). CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with strong expression of IL-13Rα2 in EUS-FNA specimens showed poor prognosis and poor response to G-CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Tomishima
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Toshio Fujisawa
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Yuki Fukumura
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Ushio
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Taito Fukuma
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Sho Takahashi
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Yusuke Takasaki
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Akinori Suzuki
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Koichi Ito
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Shigeto Ishii
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Takashi Yao
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Nagahara
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Hiroyuki Isayama
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
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Zhang LQ, Zhou SL, Li JK, Chen PN, Zhao XK, Wang LD, Li XL, Zhou FY. Identification of a seven-cell cycle signature predicting overall survival for gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3989-3999. [PMID: 35537781 PMCID: PMC9134949 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While genetic alterations in several regulators of the cell cycle have a significant impact on the gastric carcinogenesis process, the prognostic role of them remains to be further elucidated. The TCGA-STAD training set were downloaded and the mRNA expression matrix of cell cycle genes was extracted and corrected for further analysis after taking the intersection with GSE84437 dataset. Differentially expressed mRNAs were identified between tumor and normal tissue samples in TCGA-STAD. Univariate Cox regression analysis and lasso Cox regression model established a novel seven-gene cell cycle signature (including GADD45B, TFDP1, CDC6, CDC25A, CDC7, SMC1A and MCM3) for GC prognosis prediction. Patients in the high-risk group shown significantly poorer survival than patients in the low-risk group. The signature was found to be an independent prognostic factor for GC survival. Nomogram including the signature shown some clinical net benefit for overall survival prediction. The signature was further validated in the GSE84437 dataset. In tissue microarray, CDC6 and MCM3 protein expression were significant differences by the immunohistochemistry-based H-score between tumor tissues and adjacent tissues, and CDC6 is an independent prognostic factor for GC. Interestingly, our GSEA revealed that low-risk patients were more related to cell cycle pathways and might benefit more from therapies targeting cell cycle. Our study identified a novel robust seven-gene cell cycle signature for GC prognosis prediction that may serve as a beneficial complement to clinicopathological staging. The signature might provide potential biomarkers for the application of cell cycle regulators to therapies and treatment response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Qun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Kuo Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Pei-Nan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Li-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Fu-You Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
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Knudson KM, Hwang S, McCann MS, Joshi BH, Husain SR, Puri RK. Recent Advances in IL-13Rα2-Directed Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:878365. [PMID: 35464460 PMCID: PMC9023787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.878365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Rα2, CD213A), a high-affinity membrane receptor of the anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokine IL-13, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and is correlated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. While initially hypothesized as a decoy receptor for IL-13-mediated signaling, recent evidence demonstrates IL-13 can signal through IL-13Rα2 in human cells. In addition, expression of IL-13Rα2 and IL-13Rα2-mediated signaling has been shown to promote tumor proliferation, cell survival, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Given its differential expression in tumor versus normal tissue, IL-13Rα2 is an attractive immunotherapy target, as both a targetable receptor and an immunogenic antigen. Multiple promising strategies, including immunotoxins, cancer vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have been developed to target IL-13Rα2. In this mini-review, we discuss recent developments surrounding IL-13Rα2-targeted therapies in pre-clinical and clinical study, including potential strategies to improve IL-13Rα2-directed cancer treatment efficacy.
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The association of dietary fibre intake and the IL13 rs20541 polymorphism with the risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study in Korea. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1031-1037. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Gupta P, Jiang ZK, Yang B, Manzuk L, Rosfjord E, Yao J, Lemon L, Noorbehesht K, David J, Puthenveetil S, Casavant JM, Muszynska E, Li F, Leal M, Sapra P, Giddabasappa A. Targeting and pharmacology of an anti-IL13Rα2 antibody and antibody-drug conjugate in a melanoma xenograft model. MAbs 2021; 13:1958662. [PMID: 34347577 PMCID: PMC8344738 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1958662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IL13Rα2 is a cell surface tumor antigen that is overexpressed in multiple tumor types. Here, we studied biodistribution and targeting potential of an anti-IL13Rα2 antibody (Ab) and anti-tumor activity of anti-IL13Rα2-antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). The anti-IL13Rα2 Ab was labeled with fluorophore AF680 or radioisotope 89Zr for in vivo tracking using fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, respectively. Both imaging modalities showed that the tumor was the major uptake site for anti-IL13Rα2-Ab, with peak uptake of 5–8% ID and 10% ID/g as quantified from FMT and PET, respectively. Pharmacological in vivo competition with excess of unlabeled anti-IL13Rα2-Ab significantly reduced the tumor uptake, indicative of antigen-specific tumor accumulation. Further, FMT imaging demonstrated similar biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profiles of an auristatin-conjugated anti-IL13Rα2-ADC as compared to the parental Ab. Finally, the anti-IL13Rα2-ADC exhibited a dose-dependent anti-tumor effect on A375 xenografts, with 90% complete responders at a dose of 3 mg/kg. Taken together, both FMT and PET showed a favorable biodistribution profile for anti-IL13Rα2-Ab/ADC, along with antigen-specific tumor targeting and excellent therapeutic efficacy in the A375 xenograft model. This work shows the great potential of this anti-IL13Rα2-ADC as a targeted anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.,Biomedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ziyue Karen Jiang
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bing Yang
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Manzuk
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edward Rosfjord
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Johnny Yao
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Luanna Lemon
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Kavon Noorbehesht
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John David
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Elwira Muszynska
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Fengping Li
- Biomedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Puja Sapra
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Anand Giddabasappa
- Global Science & Technology - Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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IL-13Rα2 Is a Biomarker of Diagnosis and Therapeutic Response in Human Pancreatic Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11071140. [PMID: 34201539 PMCID: PMC8303581 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-13Rα2 is a high-affinity binding protein for its ligand IL-13 and a cancer-testis antigen as it is expressed in the testis. IL-13Rα2 is highly expressed in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer, and consists of three domains: extracellular, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic. The extracellular domain binds to the ligand to form a biologically active complex, which initiates signaling through AP-1 and other pathways. IL-13Rα2 is also expressed in diseased cells such as fibroblasts that are involved in various inflammatory diseases, including cancer. We have reported that IL-13Rα2 is a prognostic biomarker for malignant glioma, adrenocortical cancer, and pancreatic cancer. In pancreatic cancer, a small sample of tissue could be examined for the expression of IL-13Rα2 by using the endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration technique (EUS-FNA). In addition, a peptide-based targeted approach using Pep-1L peptide could be used to study the biodistribution and whole-body cancer imaging for the screening of pancreatic cancer in suspected subjects.
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Shi J, Song X, Traub B, Luxenhofer M, Kornmann M. Involvement of IL-4, IL-13 and Their Receptors in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062998. [PMID: 33804263 PMCID: PMC8000536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are known as pleiotropic Th2 cytokines with a wide range of biological properties and functions especially in immune responses. In addition, increasing activities have also been determined in oncogenesis and tumor progression of several malignancies. It is now generally accepted that IL-4 and IL-13 can exert effects on epithelial tumor cells through corresponding receptors. Type II IL-4 receptor (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1), predominantly expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, is identified to be the main target for both IL-4 and IL-13 in tumors. Moreover, IL-13 can also signal by binding to the IL-13Rα2 receptor. Structural similarity due to the use of the same receptor complex generated in response to IL-4/IL-13 results in overlapping but also distinct signaling pathways and functions. The aim of this review was to summarize knowledge about IL-4 and IL-13 and their receptors in pancreatic cancer in order understand the implication of IL-4 and IL-13 and their receptors for pancreatic tumorigenesis and progression and for developing possible new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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13
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Possible Roles of Interleukin-4 and -13 and Their Receptors in Gastric and Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020727. [PMID: 33450900 PMCID: PMC7828336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and -13 are structurally and functionally related cytokines sharing common receptor subunits. They regulate immune responses and, moreover, are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of human neoplasms. Three different receptors have been described for IL-4, but only IL-4 receptor type II (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1) is expressed in solid tumors. While IL-13 can also bind to three different receptors, IL-13 receptor type I (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1/IL-13Rα2) and type II (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1) are expressed in solid tumors. After receptor binding, IL-4 and IL-13 can mediate tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis in gastric or colon cancer. This review summarizes the results about the role of IL-4/IL-13 and their receptors in gastric and colon cancer.
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Bednarz-Misa I, Diakowska D, Szczuka I, Fortuna P, Kubiak A, Rosińczuk J, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Interleukins 4 and 13 and Their Receptors Are Differently Expressed in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers, Depending on the Anatomical Site and Disease Advancement, and Improve Colon Cancer Cell Viability and Motility. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1463. [PMID: 32512917 PMCID: PMC7352212 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive interleukins (IL)-4 and 13 may directly promote cancer but neither their status nor role in gastrointestinal tract is clarified. We aim at quantifying ILs and their receptors in paired normal-tumor samples (n = 49/51) and sera (n = 263), using immunoassays and RTqPCR, and screening for their effect on colonic cancer cells. Both ILs were elevated locally at protein level in all cancers but only IL13 transcripts in colon were upregulated. Interleukin and their receptor expression reflected cancer pathology to varying degrees, with the association frequently inverse and manifested in non-cancerous tissue. Positive correlation with cancer-promoting genes BCL2, BCLxL, HIF1A, VEGFA, ACTA2, CCL2, PTGS2, and CDKN1A, but not Ki67, was demonstrated, particularly for ILs' receptors. Circulating IL-4 was elevated in all, while IL-13 only in colorectal or esophageal cancers, reflecting their advancement. IL4Ra and IL13Ra1 transcripts were downregulated by hypoxia and, in Caco-2, also by IL-4. Interleukin stimulation slightly improved colonic cancer cell viability, weakly upregulating BCL2 and Ki67 in HCT116 and HT-29. It affected cell motility more markedly and was consistently accompanied by upregulation of claudin-2. Gastrointestinal tract cancers are associated with IL-4 and IL-13 upregulation, which may facilitate cancer growth. Targeting both interleukins as an antineoplastic strategy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Izabela Szczuka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Paulina Fortuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kubiak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Rosińczuk
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
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15
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Xu J. Failure to Cite Related Studies and Report Complete Information on Patients and Tissue Samples. JAMA Surg 2019; 154:362. [DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.5755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Zhang Y, Li C, Zhang M, Li Z. IL-13 and IL-13Rα1 are overexpressed in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma and mediate tumor cell proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2715-2720. [PMID: 30107911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a rare but aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Multi-agent chemotherapy and involved-field radiotherapy are used to treat this disease, but the prognosis remains poor. Interleukin 13 and its receptors (IL-13Rs) are correlated with the pathogenesis and progression of various malignances. However, their roles in NKTCL have not been evaluated. In this study, we examined the roles of IL-13 and IL-13Rs in NKTCL and the underlying mechanisms. We found significantly higher serum IL-13 levels (p < 0.001) and IL-13Rα1 expression in tumor tissues (36 of 40, p < 0.001) in patients with NKTCL than in control cohort. IL-13 secretion was observed in tumor tissues (30 of 40, p < 0.001) and several cell lines of NKTCL. However, we did not detect significant associations between clinical characteristics and the expression levels of IL-13 or IL-13Rs. In vitro, IL-13 activated Stat6 and promoted cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, blocking IL-13 exerted a negative effect on tumor cell growth. We conclude that IL-13 functions as an autocrine growth factor in NKTCL and contributes to its pathogenesis. Blocking IL-13 is thus a potential therapeutic approach for NKTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoping Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Kwon HJ, Choi JE, Bae YK. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression in tumor cells is associated with reduced disease-free survival in patients with luminal subtype invasive breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318783657. [PMID: 29911489 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318783657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 is one of the subunits of transmembrane receptor for interleukin-13. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression in invasive breast cancer. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays of 1283 invasive breast cancer samples, and associations between these expressions and clinicopathological variables and clinical outcomes were investigated. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression was observed in 138 (10.8%) samples, and found to be associated with positive estrogen receptor (p < 0.001) and progesterone receptor (p < 0.001) and with the luminal subtype (p < 0.001). No significant association was found between interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression and other clinicopathological variables including age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, histologic types, histologic grade, HER2 status, Ki-67 labeling index, or tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes levels. Patients with interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression tended to have poorer disease-free survival, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.069). Subgroup analysis showed luminal breast cancer patients positive for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression had significantly poorer disease-free survival (p = 0.018) than luminal breast cancer patients negative for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression. However, no association between interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression and clinical outcome was observed in HER2-positive and triple-negative subgroups (p = 0.574 and p = 0.936, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for luminal breast cancer (p = 0.03). This study shows interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 expression could be a useful prognostic marker for selecting patients with luminal breast cancer likely to follow a clinically aggressive course despite receiving systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Kwon
- 1 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Choi
- 2 Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Young Kyung Bae
- 1 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
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18
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Madhankumar AB, Mrowczynski OD, Slagle-Webb B, Ravi V, Bourcier AJ, Payne R, Harbaugh KS, Rizk E, Connor JR. Tumor targeted delivery of doxorubicin in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0181529. [PMID: 29304038 PMCID: PMC5755733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are benign tumors that have the potential to transform into malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2) is a cancer associated receptor expressed in glioblastoma and other invasive cancers. We analyzed IL13Rα2 expression in several MPNST cell lines including the STS26T cell line, as well as in several peripheral nerve sheath tumors to utilize the IL13Rα2 receptor as a target for therapy. In our studies, we demonstrated the selective expression of IL13Rα2 in several peripheral nerve sheath tumors by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunoblots. We established a sciatic nerve MPNST mouse model in NIH III nude mice using a luciferase transfected STS26T MPNST cell line. Similarly, analysis of the mouse sciatic nerves after tumor induction revealed significant expression of IL13Rα2 by IHC when compared to a normal sciatic nerve. IL13 conjugated liposomal doxorubicin was formulated and shown to bind and internalized in the MPNST cell culture model demonstrating cytotoxic effect. Our subsequent in vivo investigation in the STS26T MPNST sciatic nerve tumor model indicated that IL13 conjugated liposomal doxorubicin (IL13LIPDXR) was more effective in inhibiting tumor progression compared to unconjugated liposomal doxorubicin (LIPDXR). This further supports that IL13 receptor targeted nanoliposomes is a potential approach for treating MPNSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. B. Madhankumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Oliver D. Mrowczynski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Becky Slagle-Webb
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Vagisha Ravi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Alexandre J. Bourcier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Russell Payne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Kimberly S. Harbaugh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Elias Rizk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - James R. Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
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Cao Y, Liu H, Li H, Lin C, Li R, Wu S, Zhang H, He H, Zhang W, Xu J. Association of O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase Protein Expression With Postoperative Prognosis and Adjuvant Chemotherapeutic Benefits Among Patients With Stage II or III Gastric Cancer. JAMA Surg 2017; 152:e173120. [PMID: 28903131 PMCID: PMC5831425 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.3120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Loss of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) protein expression has been reported in several malignant tumors and predicts dismal survival outcomes. In gastric cancer, existing studies on this topic are limited and the association between MGMT and fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy remains obscure. OBJECTIVE To investigate the postoperative prognostic significance of MGMT in patients with resectable gastric cancer and its responsiveness to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study recruited 445 consecutive patients with resectable gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy between August 1, 2007, and December 30, 2008, at Zhongshan Hospital at Fudan University in Shanghai, China. Patients were randomly divided into a discovery data set (n = 200) and a validation data set (n = 245), and the range of follow-up time was from 2 to 76 months for the discovery group and 2 to 79 months for the validation group. The immunoreactivity for MGMT in cancer cells was reviewed under a light microscope by 2 pathologists who were blinded to the clinicopathological data. The association of MGMT expression with clinicopathological characteristics and measures and prognosis was inspected. Data and specimens were collected from patients from the date of surgery to April 25, 2014. Data analysis took place from May 9, 2016, to July 15, 2016. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Estimates of overall survival on the basis of MGMT expression and hazard ratio (HR) for estimates of overall mortality risk. RESULTS Of the 445 patients included in the study, 315 (70.8%) were men, and the mean (SD) age of all patients was 60 (12) years. Positive expression of MGMT indicated better overall survival for patients with stage II or III gastric cancer in both the discovery data set (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32-0.84; P = .003) and the validation data set (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43-0.93; P = .01). Multivariate analysis identified MGMT expression and TNM stage as 2 independent prognostic factors for overall survival. In stage II disease, the benefit from fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy was superior among MGMT-positive patients (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.13-0.95; P = .007 for interaction) compared with MGMT-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Positive expression of MGMT in gastric cancer was identified as an independent, favorable prognostic factor. Incorporating MGMT expression into the current TNM staging system could lead to better prognostic accuracy. These findings should be confirmed within the framework of randomized clinical trials associated with genomic DNA sequencing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruochen Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songyang Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Yuan SQ, Wu WJ, Qiu MZ, Wang ZX, Yang LP, Jin Y, Yun JP, Gao YH, Li YH, Zhou ZW, Wang F, Xu RH. Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict the Benefit of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Patients with Resected Gastric Cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:3498-3505. [PMID: 29151934 PMCID: PMC5687164 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The US guidelines for gastric cancer (GC) recommend adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) combined with 5-fluorouracil as a standard treatment for patients with resected locally advanced GC. However, patient selection criteria for optimizing the use of adjuvant therapies are lacking. In this study, we developed and validated a nomogram to predict the individualized overall survival (OS) benefit of ART among patients with resected ≥stage IB GC. Patients and Methods: The 2002-2006 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data of 5,206 patients with resected GC were used as a training set for the development of a nomogram. The 2007-2008 SEER data of 1,986 patients with resected GC were used as validation data. Results: In the multivariate analysis weighted by inverse propensity score, the efficacy of ART varied by the ratio of positive to examined nodes (Pinteraction <0.01). The magnitude of this difference was included in the nomogram with associated prognosticators to predict the 3- and 5-year OS with and without ART. The nomogram showed significant prognostic superiority to the 8th TNM staging in the training set (Concordance index, 0.68 versus 0.65; P<0.01) and the validation set (Concordance index, 0.68 versus 0.64; P<0.01). Moreover, the calibration was accurate, and the actual efficacy of ART was positively correlated with the nomogram-estimated survival benefit from ART (Pinteraction <0.01 and Pinteraction =0.02 in the training set and the validation set, respectively). Conclusion: The nomogram can aid individualized clinical decision making by estimating the 3- and 5-year OS and potential benefits of ART among patients with resected GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qiang Yuan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lu-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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21
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Shi J, Hou S, Huang J, Wang S, Huan W, Huang C, Liu X, Jiang R, Qian W, Lu J, Wang X, Shi W, Huang R, Chen J. An MSN-PEG-IP drug delivery system and IL13Rα2 as targeted therapy for glioma. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:8970-8981. [PMID: 28443896 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08786h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A combination of gene therapy and chemotherapy has recently received interest as a targeted therapy for glioma. A mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based vehicle coated with IL13Rα2-targeted peptide (IP) using polyethylene glycol (PEG), MSN-PEG-IP (MPI), was constructed and confirmed as a potential glioma-targeted drug delivery system in vitro. In this work, tissue microarray (TMA) results revealed that IL13Rα2 was over-expressed in human glioma tissues and that high expression of IL13Rα2 in patients was associated with poor survival. Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded MPI (MPI/D) crossed the blood-brain barrier, specifically targeting glioma cells and significantly enhancing the cellular uptake of DOX in glioma cells compared with MSN/DOX (M/D) and MSN-PEG/DOX (MP/D), whereas the normal brain was not affected. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations showed that the tumour size of glioma-bearing rats in the MPI/D-treated group was much smaller than those in the M/D and MP/D treated groups. Immunofluorescence results demonstrated that MPI/D treatment induced more apoptosis and much less proliferation than the other two treatments. However, the therapeutic effect was weak when IL13Rα2 was knocked down. Furthermore, U87 cells treated with IL-13 and MPI together could increase both STAT6 and P63 expression, which attenuated glioma cell proliferation, invasion and migration compared with cells treated with IL-13 alone. The results of the subcutaneous tumour model also revealed that IL13Rα2 knockdown could hinder cell proliferation and induce more apoptosis. The promising results suggested that MPI can not only deliver DOX to glioma in a targeted manner but also occupy IL13Rα2, which can promote IL-13 binding to IL13Rα1 and activation of the JAK-STAT pathway to induce an anti-glioma effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Shi
- Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Centre of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Park MH, Kwon HJ, Kim JR, Lee B, Lee SJ, Bae YK. Elevated Interleukin-13 Receptor Alpha 1 Expression in Tumor Cells Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28634667 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-5907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-13 is an immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory cytokine that is produced by numerous immune cells, and plasma membrane receptor for IL-13 (IL-13R) is known to be expressed in various human malignancies and in immune cells. METHODS The authors evaluated the expression of IL-13R alpha 1 (IL-13Rα1, an IL-13R subtype) by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays of 1213 invasive breast cancer (IBC) samples to determine the prognostic value of IL-13Rα1 expression. RESULTS High IL-13Rα1 expression was observed in 619 (51%) cases and was found to be associated with an older (≥50 years) age (p = 0.022), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.015), ductal and micropapillary histologic subtypes (p < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.012), HER2 positivity (p < 0.001), and a high (>20%) Ki-67 index (p = 0.039). No significant correlation was found between IL-13Rα1 expression and clinicopathological variables, including tumor size, histological grade, hormone receptor expressions, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte levels. Patients with high IL-13Rα1 expression showed poorer overall survival (p = 0.044) and disease-free survival (DFS, p = 0.001) than those with low/negative expression. Subgroup analysis revealed an association between IL-13Rα1 expression and survival for HER2-negative, but not for HER2-positive tumors. Multivariate analysis showed high IL-13Rα1 expression was an independent negative prognostic factor of DFS (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest the IL-13 and IL-13Rα1 interaction promotes cancer cell growth and metastasis, and IL-13Rα1 expression is a potential prognostic marker in IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hui Park
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byungheon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Young Kyung Bae
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
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